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上海市部分区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末（一模）英语试卷分类汇编
语法填空专题
2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
How Reading Saved Me
During my first decade in prison, I busied myself with exercising and hanging out in the big yard. I hardly grew as ___1___ person. It wasn’t until I began college in prison in my 30s that I started to realize my full potential.
Through my journey in college, I became engaged in reading and writing, striving to escape prison life by expanding my mind beyond the environments I ___2___ (trap) in. I became good at using concepts and terms in conversations that were previously far over my head. More importantly, I eventually better understood ___3___ I had used violence to solve my problems.
Throughout the country, prison officials have rejected or tried every means ___4___ (ban) books about biology, sketching, dragons and even the moon. ___5___ (claim) such bans are necessary for the safety and security of prisons seems stupid. Practically every author I have encountered while in prison ___6___ (play) a role in my efforts to grow and become a better person — someone who can live in society by adding to it, as opposed ___7___taking from it.
Without college and without access to books and materials ___8___ expanded my mind beyond the towering concrete walls, I might still be wasting my time on the yard. My worldview would still be shaped by violence and harm. That’s not who I want to be ___9___ I leave this prison. It’s not who I want to see ____10____ (send) back into society.
2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模英语试题
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Closer to Equality
Left. Right. Left. Right again.
Getting lost in the rhythm of my turns was one of my favorite parts of skiing. Whenever I feel the soft, powdery snow beneath my skis, I feel like I’m capable of ___21___.
I started skiing when I was just three years old. While the other children in my group ___22___ (mess) around, I was busy rolling down the small slopes. Although there were many difficulties, I soon mastered the basic concepts ___23___ (underlie) the art of turning.
I decided to take my skiing ___24___ the next level and joined a team when I was seven. Riding the chairlift with my mother, I saw free skiers spinning through the air. I immediately knew which team I wanted to join: free skiing, an event heavily ___25___ (dominate) by boys.
As soon as I joined the team, I was placed at its ___26___ (low) level. However, I never stopped climbing the rankings ___27___ I was placed into the highest group. At that point, I was the only girl on my team. I was put down at first; nobody wanted to ride the chairlift with me. But as time passed, I slowly became more accepted. And this entire process took three years.
In the past, having been forced to assume the roles of stay-at-home and motherly figures, women couldn’t imagine ___28___ they wanted to be. Even today, in some countries, there are still so many cases ___29___ people are not yet accepting the idea that women can make their own choices or pave their own paths. But if we are to fully accept these views, we will be able to move closer to equality.
Being a girl in such a sport can be difficult, but I’m actually thankful that my experiences have taught me to face whatever setbacks I meet with in life. I encourage you, all the girls, ___30___ (step) out of your comfort zone to show the boys that girls are just as powerful as they are.
2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Laziness and Lack of Sleep Can Shorten Your Life, Especially When Combined
You already know that smoking is bad for you and that drinking too much alcohol may shorten your life. Now a new study says that spending too much time in a chair and not having enough sleep should join a short list of behaviors (21) _____ (know) to increase your risk of premature death.
Sitting for a long time and lack of sleep were damaging in their own way, but when combined with more traditional risk factors, (22) _____ had a multiplier effect that made an early death far more likely.
The findings, published in the journal PLOS Medicine, make clear that “some risk behaviors tend to come together and (23) _____ the joint risk could be much higher than the sum of the individual risks”.
For instance, smoking was (24) _____ (dangerous) single risk factor among the six studied. The small number of people for (25) _____ smoking was their only bad habit were 90 percent more likely to die during the course of the study than were people with practical clean living in every aspect. People who reported high alcohol consumption as their only risk factor did not seem (26) _____ (put) their lives in danger. But for those who combined heavy drinking with smoking, the risk of premature death was doubled. And when lack of sleep (27) _____ (add) to the mix, the likelihood of an early death was nearly five times greater (28) _____ _____ lack of sleep by itself had only a light effect on death.
These numbers are based on the lives of 231,048 Australians.
(29) _____ (consider) factors such as age, gender, education and other factors, the researchers saw a clear pattern. It was a person’s bad lifestyle (30) _____ contributed to his or her risk of premature death.
2023届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试题
I.Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Runners and Cyclists Use GPS Mapping to Make Art
Fitness apps and the power of live satellite tracking have allowed runners, cyclists and others to draw hearts, animals, birthday wishes — and even homages to Vermeer — across their local landscapes.
In 1665, Johannes Vermeer dabbed (轻涂) the last drop of paint onto a canvas (帆布) in his Dutch
studio, (21) (complete) his masterpiece “Girl with a Pearl Earring.” On an April day 357 years later, Janine Strong slowed her bike to stop, paused her fitness app, and watched as the snaking line of her cycling route (22) (draw) the shape of Vermeer’s masterpiece over the streets of Brooklyn.
Ms. Strong creates (23) has come to be known as “GPS art” — a practice (24) uses the Global Positioning System mapping capabilities of
modern phone apps like Strava to create digital drawings using an athlete’s route across the landscape. (25) biking on a straight path or in circles around a park, Ms. Strong plans her rides in the shapes of birthday cakes, stars, birds, lions — and the occasional Vermeer.
The hobby has grown with the widespread availability of satellite tracking for use by ordinary people, in fitness apps like Nike Run Club or MapMyRide. It is now a popularity on Strava often (26) (refer) to as “Strava art.”
Strava art has existed since that app’s release in 2009, but it experienced a sudden increase in use during the pandemic (疫情). According to Michael Joseph, a senior communications manager at the company, more than three billion activities (27) (upload) to Strava since the beginning of 2020.
To complete her digital vision of “Girl with a Pearl Earring,” Ms. Strong biked almost 50 miles around southern Brooklyn, carefully checking Strava (28) (make) sure that each turn, circle, and straightaway was achieving the iconic earring and head covering of Vermeer’s original. “I always have a big smile on my face (29) it works out and I upload it and it’s done,” she said. “It’s a far (30) (satisfying) feeling.”
2023届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试题
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank
What is Prosopagnosia
Imagine living in a world where everyone looks vaguely familiar, but you never know for certain exactly who anyone is. Your old classmates, your coworkers, your friends, and even your family members can appear (21)_________first glance to be friendly strangers who seem to know you. That's (22) _________ life is like for people with prosopagnosia, or face blindness.
Prosopagnosia is a neurological(神经性的) disorder that causes someone to have trouble recognizing people they know, or distinguishing between different people's faces. (23) _________ difficulties in face recognition were noted over a hundred years ago, understanding of prosopagnosia is still unfolding. The condition has received a significant share of the public's attention after American author Jean Gilbert penned down her struggles with prosopagnosia in her book, The Picasso Mirror. (24) _________，such as well-known British anthropologist Dr Jane Goodall and Hollywood actor Brad Pitt have also revealed that they have face blindness.
A study from Harvard and University College London found that prosopagnosia may affect up to 2% of the population, (25) _________ (mean) there may be millions of face-blind people. For many people just realising that their difficulties are the result of a recognised neurological condition and that they are “not alone” (26) __________ (make) a huge difference.
For typical observers face recognition is based on the whole face, but for prosopagnostics is it the opposite- they are more focused on (27) _________ (isolate) features. They often have to rely on clues other than someone's facial features, such as hairstyle, clothing, or voice, (28) _________ (identify) the people they know. It (29) _________ be very disturbing for the person who has face blindness, as they do not know how to relate with people. This would hold especially true if the person isn't aware that they might have prosopagnosia. They could become socially withdrawn (30) _________could lead to depression, panic attacks, social isolation or social anxiety.
参考答案
2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷
1．a 2．had been trapped##was trapped 3．why 4．to ban 5．Claiming 6．has played 7．to 8．that##which 9．when##after 10．sent
2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模英语试题
21．anything##everything 22．were messing 23．underlying 24．to 25．dominated 26．lowest 27．till ##until##before 28．what##who 29．where 30．to step
2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷
21. known 22. they 23. that 24. the most dangerous 25. whom
26. to be putting / to put / to have put 27. was added 28. even though / even if
29. Having considered / Considering 30. that
2023届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试题
21. completing 22. drew 23. what 24. that 25. Instead of 26. referred 27. have been uploaded 28. to make 29. when/as/after 30. more satisfying
2023届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试题
21. at 22. what 23. Though/Although/While 24. Others 25. meaning 26. makes 27. isolated 28. to identify 29. can/could 30. which上海市部分区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末（一模）英语试卷分类汇编
阅读理解专题
2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷
四、阅读理解
Julia Whelan climbed into the recording room in her home office. In preparation, she had avoided alcohol the night before, had avoided milk since waking at 6 a.m. and had run through the warm-up voice exercises.
Whelan, 38, is the calm, confident female voice behind more than 400 other audiobooks, as well as the narrated versions(叙事版本) of many articles. Once she has taken on a project, she reads through the book once or twice, deciding on themes to highlight when she gets into the recording room by using different tones and accents, and emphasizing certain words. “Narrating a book really is a performance,” she said, “and it can be harder to do than acting, because I can’t use my eyes or facial expressions to convey something to the audience.”
As she spent time subsuming herself in the writing of others, she began to think more about her own creative ambitions. Just before the pandemic, she began “Thank You for Listening,” combining her writing with the experiences she has collected as a narrator.
Writers say that Whelan has helped them understand their own work. “When I listen to Julia read my stories, it sounds like she is calling you over to tell you a great story,” said Nuzzi, whose work has been narrated by Whelan. “When I write now, I try to think like that, that I am calling a reader over to tell him a great story. It has completely changed my approach.” Whelan said that she also learns about her writing when she experiences it as a narrator. “There is something about it that changes when you’re performing it,” she said. “I read the book out loud during every stage of its revisions but it’s different when you sit down and have the microphone in front of you, when I finally am in all the characters and the story comes to life.”
36．Before recording a book, Whelan __________.
A．acts out its narrated version
B．builds up strength through exercise
C．determines the focus of its subject
D．varies its emphasized words
37．The underlined phrase “subsuming herself in the writing of others” (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to “__________ herself in the writing of others”.
A．dismissing B．involving C．maintaining D．presenting
38．How does narrating help Whelan do her own writing better
A．It enables her to think in readers’ view.
B．It inspires her to be absorbed in the story.
C．It provides her with diverse life experiences.
D．It reminds her to pursue her creative ambition.
39．What can be concluded from Whelan’s experience as a narrator and writer
A．Excellent narration is based on convincing stories.
B．Narrating is a more rewarding ambition than writing.
C．An influential writer is definitely a wonderful narrator.
D．Experiences as a narrator can change the writing approach.
PRIVACY POLICY
The Bundaberg Privacy Policy explains how we collect, store and use your personally identifiable information. Our Privacy Policy will be continuously assessed against new technologies, business practices and our customers’ changing needs. Accordingly, this Privacy Policy is subject to change over time without notification being made to users, and therefore we encourage you to periodically review this Privacy Policy to become aware of any changes that may have occurred.
Collection of Personal Information
We will collect personally identifiable information from you when you knowingly provide it to us. The types of personal information we may collect, includes, but is not limited to your full name, address, email address and phone number.
In terms of your personal information, we only collect information about individuals that is necessary for us to carry on our business functions. What information we collect depends upon the nature of our dealing with you. Importantly, in some circumstances if you do not provide the information that we request, you may not be able to engage with us. For example, if you refuse to provide some personal information as may be requested on the Bundaberg website, you may not be able to use all features or services of the website.
Use and Disclosure of Personal Information
We may use your personal information for the following purposes:
Billing purposes;
To enable us to develop our products and business, or to customize services to better meet your needs and preferences;
Statistical purposes.
We will contact you by electronic or other means to get your agreement first for any purpose other than those above, including but not limited to:
Future promotional and marketing purposes;
To inform you of special offers, promotions and competitions;
Any other customer support purposes.
Your personal information may be used by sub-contractors of Bundaberg for our business activities only; however, your information will not be disclosed to any other third party without your agreement, unless required to do so by law.
40．In order to be kept informed of the privacy information, you’d better __________.
A．examine the Privacy Policy regularly
B．check the official notification weekly
C．express your changing needs privately
D．evaluate the business practices critically
41．Which of the statements is TRUE about Bundaberg’s collecting users’ personal information
A．You have no knowledge of what personal information is collected.
B．Your personal information can promote Bundaberg’s business functions.
C．All the customers are required to provide identical personal information.
D．You may not get some services without providing requested personal information.
42．Bundaberg will use your personal information for the purpose of __________ without getting your agreement first.
A．attracting new sub-contractors
B．advertising its services
C．sending bills to you
D．letting you know about special offers
In 2020, OpenAI, a research lab in San Francisco, revealed a system called GPT-3. It is what artificial intelligence researchers call a neural(神经系统的) network, after the web of neurons in the human brain. A neural network is really a mathematical system that learns skills by locating patterns in vast amounts of digital data. By analyzing thousands of cat photos, for instance, it can learn to recognize a cat. “We call it ‘artificial intelligence,’ but a better name might be ‘finding statistical patterns from large data sets’,” said Dr. Gopnik, the Berkeley professor.
More recently, researchers at places like Google and OpenAI began building neural networks that learned from enormous amounts of prose, including digital books and Wikipedia articles by the thousands. GPT-3 is an example. As it analyzed all that digital text, it built what you might call a mathematical map of human language — more than 175 billion data points that describe how we piece words together. Using this map, it can perform many different tasks, like penning speeches, writing computer programs and having a conversation.
But there are limitations. If you ask GPT-3 for 10 speeches in the voice of Mark Twain, it might give you five that sound remarkably like the famous writer — and five others that come nowhere puter programmers use the technology to create small snippets(一小段) of code they can slip into larger programs, but more often than not they have to edit and adjust whatever it gives them.
Still, Dr. Gopnik described this kind of system as intelligent. “It is not intelligent in the way humans are. It is like an unfamiliar form of intelligence,” he said. “But it still counts.”
Dr. Gopnik and many others in the field are confident that they are on a path to building a machine that can do anything the human brain can do. This confidence shines through when they discuss current technologies. He admits that some A．I. researchers “struggle to differentiate between reality and science fiction.” But he believes these researchers still serve a valuable role. “They help us dream of the full range of the possible,” he said.
Perhaps they do. But for the rest of us, these dreams can get in the way of the issues that deserve our attention.
43．Which of the following statements correctly describes GPT-3
A．It is meant to monitor human’s neuron webs.
B．It stores limitless data in its mathematical system.
C．It can identify images and employ human language.
D．It studies pictures and digital books to invent patterns.
44．In paragraph 3, the example of computer programmers is used to __________.
A．illustrate GPT-3 is far from perfect
B．warn programmers against technology
C．show the process of slipping code into program
D．explain why GPT-3 fails to find Mark Twain’s speeches
45．What does Dr. Gopnik think of the mathematical system of GPT-3
A．He finds it valuable because it maximizes the current technologies.
B．He doubts its worth though it is remarkably similar to a human brain.
C．He thinks highly of it because it plays a valuable role in A．I. research.
D．He believes it will interrupt our thinking though it differs from science fiction.
46．What’s the author’s attitude towards A．I.
A．Enthusiastic. B．Opposed. C．Supportive. D．Unconcerned.
2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模英语试题
七、阅读理解
Whenever I ask to go to the movies, my mom’s first response is always “No!” When I want to go dancing, she adds a firm “No! No! No!” for emphasis. She claims she is only trying to protect me from what she calls “bad elements”.
On a sunny day, Mom rejected my request to go to West Indian Day Parade and insisted I accompany her as she worked cleaning a large house. I followed her to a grand dining room, watching her apply lemon-scented polish to the furniture. I imagined my friends dressing up in fancy costumes, enjoying the celebratory time at the parade. I glared at my mother, hoping she could feel the anger I was directing her way.
But as I watched, my emotions began to change. I noticed how tenderly she rubbed her dusting cloth along a large piano in the corner. “Is this like your piano in Guyana, Mom ” I asked. “Yes. This baby grand piano is exactly like the one my Dad bought me when I was your age.” Her sigh was full of longing.
I knew that my mother had been a talented pianist. I vaguely recalled dancing under the piano when she practiced for hours every day. Now she could barely play for our church choir because her fingers were gnarled from so many days spent cleaning other people’s homes.
“Stop!” Mrs. Smithers, the homeowner, yelled, “That’s a very valuable instrument!”
“I am well aware of that.” she said slowly, “I play for my church.”
“But that’s not a church-music piano. We play classical music on that piano.”
I watched as my mother’s eyes narrowed and her face tightened. I felt the same tightening in my chest.
“You don’t know anything about us … or pianos!” I screamed. Immediately I worried I had done something wrong, but I also felt the tightening in my chest loosened.
I waited for my mother to blame me, but instead she glanced my way, smiling proudly. “That’s all I have time for today. My daughter and I are going to the e on, love.”
“But Veronica, you will return next week, right ”
“No!” said my mother, “No! No! No!”
56．The underlined word “gnarled” in paragraph 4 probably means ______.
A．rough and twisted B．clean and swift
C．painful but sensitive D．bent but flexible
57．What do you know about the mother according to the article
A．She regretted being a cleaning woman.
B．She quit her hobby to support the family.
C．She refused the daughter’s request due to the tight budget.
D．She wished her daughter to become a well-respected pianist.
58．How did the writer’s attitude toward her mother change on the day
A．From critical to ashamed. B．From fearful to respectful.
C．From pitiful to understanding. D．From angry to sympathetic.
59．What does the story mainly want to express
A．Don’t look down upon those inferior to you.
B．Reaching out for those in trouble can be rewarding.
C．Understanding others’ experiences helps identify with them.
D．Don’t abandon your idea even if one shows strong disagreement.
In order to hold weight, a recommendation letter should come from a respected source. You would be a wonderful fit if you worked with the candidate in a supervisory position, say, a manager or boss of some sort, for an employer always wants a professional reference. Occasionally, letters from a colleague, a friend, neighbor, or family member will also do. And what elements should your recommendation letter include to be effective
#1: Explaining Your Qualification
In the first paragraph, you should explain who you are, how you know the candidate and how long you worked with him. In this way, you are showing that you’re much qualified to give an honest assessment. Strong letters give positive descriptions of your qualifications in a concise and powerful way, which creates a professional and trustworthy image of you.
#2: Being Customized to the New Position
While you should speak to the candidate’s accomplishments in his past role, you should also show why he’d make a good fit in the next one. You should explain why he has the desired ability to do the job well, and attach the greatest importance to this, even if the candidate’s making a career change. The candidate should provide you with everything you need to know to customize your letter. By drawing on this information, you can express confidence that the candidate will succeed in the new role. Then when the hiring manager reads your letter, he’ll feel reassured that the candidate would make a good fit.
#3: Using Specific Examples
Finally, your letter should provide specific examples about the candidate. Don’t just list adjectives like, “friendly, intelligent, and hard-working”; instead, present circumstances in which the candidate demonstrated those qualities. Not only will examples point to the value the candidate brought to your organization or company, but they’ll also paint a picture of how he works in day-to-day operations. Using two to three specific examples in your letter will boost its level of persuasiveness.
60．Who are the intended readers of this passage
A．Assessors. B．Employers. C．Candidates. D．Recommenders.
61．According to the passage, a candidate’s ______ is usually the most suitable to write a recommendation letter.
A．powerful friend B．supervisory manager
C．respected neighbor D．trustworthy colleague
62．What should a writer put emphasis on in a recommendation letter
A．Presenting the reader with the candidate’s ability.
B．Exhibiting his knowledge about the new industry.
C．Customizing the letter with eye-catching drawings.
D．Showing the candidate’s intelligence with examples.
Alain Aspect, a French physicist, who won a long-expected Nobel Physics Prize on Tuesday (October 4, 2022), contributed a lot in proving the theory of quantum entanglement (量子缠绕), a theory — famously raised by Albert Einstein — that when a particle (粒子) is split into two, the properties of the two new particles remain connected, as if by an invisible piece of string, regardless of how far apart they are. It remained a theory until Aspect and his team proved it in a laboratory experiment for the first time in 1981, involving two photons (光子) at a distance of 12 meters.
Quantum strangeness has fascinated Aspect as a physicist. Awarded along with Austrian physicist Anton Zeilinger and John Clauser from the United States, Aspect emphasised the importance of international scientific cooperation. “He is one of those professors in physics. A whole community today works under his leadership,” said Retailleau, a former president of Paris-Saclay University. “Aspect is also a ‘tireless teacher’ who gives impressive lectures”, she added. His former student Olivier Reymond, who is now working on developing a quantum processor, said, “As well as passing his passion for physics on to his students, Aspect is also a food lover who will tell you all about his recipes for the goose liver.”
Alain Aspect is widely recognized for his experimental test of Bell’s inequalities, proposed by the late John Bell in 1964, and the related tests require measurements to be made on photons moving apart in opposite directions to look for connections between some of their physical properties, for instance, their polarizations. Aspect’s major contribution was to propose a feasible experimental scheme to make these measurements by rapidly changing the orientation of polarizers while photons moved through the device, and even more importantly, to implement it successfully in his experiments.
Sheila Rowan, president of the Institute of Physics which publishes Physics World, congratulated the team on their “well-deserved” recognition. “This is an area of physics with ongoing, profound impact, at a fundamental level to help understand the world around us and being explored for use in highly novel technologies for sensing and communication today,” she added.
Indeed, Aspect’s experiments have attracted enormous attention and triggered a string of theoretical and experimental work on quantum entanglement. As a result, new avenues have been explored in quantum computers, which in principle could outperform traditional computers at some tasks. We are generating more data now than ever before, need to analyse that data in more complex ways, and get results out faster. Quantum computing could help us to find new properties in the production of new materials for everyday use and it could also reduce power consumption within the manufacturing process. With quantum computing, research can be moved from the lab onto the computer where multiple imitations can be run while stretching your companies research and development budget further.
63．According to paragraph 2, Aspect is ______ as well as a physicist.
A．a tiresome professor B．an inspiring teacher
C．a cross-cultural food lover D．an empathetic community leader
64．It can be concluded about Aspect’s experiment that ______.
A．few people can comprehend its complicated process
B．interpersonal communication is promoted because of it
C．it was conducted successfully decades before Aspect won the Nobel Prize
D．Sheila Rowan played quite an important role in the publication of the result
65．What can be inferred from the passage
A．Aspect deserves the Prize for theoretical contributions to computing.
B．The team’s findings will bring about changes both in science and daily life.
C．Aspect is working as the president in Paris-Saclay University for the moment.
D．The team’s main contribution is the finding of practical methods in experimenting.
66．Which of the following would be the best title of the passage
A．Fruitful Joint Efforts in Popular Science
B．Alain Aspect — A Theoretical Physicist
C．Nobel Prize — For Experimental Purpose
D．Ground-breaking Achievement in Physics
2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Francis Kéré appears on the screen in a loose white Oxford shirt and an enormous, slightly amazed smile. “Can you imagine ” the newest Pritzker Architecture Prize winner says. “I was born in a little village in Burkina Faso where there was no school then. And my father wanted me to learn how to read and write very simply because then I could then translate or read him his letters.”
The first African winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize had already received numerous awards in his field, but Kéré was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field’s most famous prize. “Francis Kéré is pioneering architecture — sustainable to the earth and its inhabitants — in lands of extreme scarcity,” said committee chair, Tom Pritzker, in a statement. “He is equally architect and servant, improving upon the lives and experiences of countless citizens in a region of the world that is at times forgotten. Through buildings that demonstrate beauty, modesty, boldness and invention, Kéré gracefully deserves this Prize.”
Kéré says his architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region where temperatures are regularly higher than 100 degrees Fahrenheit. “You will sit and it’s very hot inside,” he said. “And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was strong and in my head the idea one day grew that as an adult, I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I can feel better.”
In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School in Burkina Faso, Kéré drew on traditional building materials and emphasized shade and shadows with well-ventilated (通风良好的) spaces that reduce the need for air conditioning.
When he was twenty, in 1985, Kéré earned a vocational scholarship to study carpentry in Berlin. But while absorbed in the practicality of roofing and furniture making, he also attended night school and was admitted to Technische Universit t Berlin, from which he graduated in 2004 with an advanced degree in architecture. He was still a student when he designed and built Gando Primary School. It turned out to be a springboard for his career and still guides his ethos (理念) today.
56. Which of the following is a reason for Kéré’s winning the Pritzker Architecture Prize
A. His designs are innovative and eco-friendly.
B. He’s received plenty of awards in architecture.
C. His designs mainly consist of school buildings.
D. He’s good at using new materials in his architecture.
57. _____ acts as a stimulus to Kéré’s becoming an architect.
A. His study of carpentry in Berlin B. His hometown’s extremely hot whether
C. His parents’ expectations of him D. His uncomfortable experience at school
58. _____ helps Kéré establish his status in architecture.
A. His design of Gando Primary School B. His research in Technische Universit t Berlin
C. His love for nature and his hometown D. His commitment to the development of Africa
59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A. Francis Kéré: a True Pioneer in African Architecture
B. Francis Kéré: a Great African Contributor to Architecture
C. Francis Kéré: the First African to Win Architecture’s Top Award
D. Francis Kéré: the First African Winner of Awards in Architecture
(B)
Communicate Fluently & Effectively in English
"The Cities are My Classrooms!"
Why spend your time in a classroom when you can invest your time studying during breakfast or dinner
And why stay inside in the afternoon when you can study by the beach or in a bar
That's right. That's the way we teach.
'Active Learning' is the best way to learn, practice, and perfect your English.
"Walk and Talk English & Eat and Drink English!"
Are you considering new challenges Would you like to take your English to the next level with our in-house methods that are highly effective, yet relaxing and fun
How about spending your hard-earned vacation time studying English during a delicious breakfast, or during lunch in a historical pub, or at night from a sky room as you enjoy views of London or Dublin You could be sitting comfortably inside or in front of a palace or castle, drinking coffee or tea while you study. Why not
What is your greatest challenge with the English language
Get in touch with us and help us to understand your difficulty as well as your goals in life.
It is essential that the solution we offer also fits in well with your personality, mindset, objectives with English, your available time to travel, and your family commitments.
Lastly, your holiday in Europe, as well as your experiences with the English language and your travels to different cities, should have that 'Wow!' factor that helps you to remember your holiday forever.
A language immersion (沉浸) programme is the experience of diving into a different culture.
It is not the 'false-reality' of the internet or technology.
To experience historical cities, villages, castles, pubs, businesses etc., is to understand a country's culture and its DNA.
60. The above advertisement is aimed at _____.
A. foreign students in Ireland and England
B. students in the world’s top-ranked universities
C. people who’d like to learn English while travelling
D. people who’s fluent in English and good at communication
61. What is special about English 4 Professionals
A. It cooperates with the world’s top-ranked universities.
B. It exposes learners to the culture in the course of learning.
C. It motivates learners by providing bonuses like a trip to Dublin.
D. It boasts active learning methods with the help of virtual tourism.
62. According to the advertisement, your learning experience with E4P can be _____.
A. funny but thrilling B. objective and relaxing
C. experiential but exhausting D. personalized and unforgettable
(C)
The water off the coast of northwest Greenland is a glass-like calm, but the puddles (水坑) on the region’s icebergs are a sign that a transformation is underway higher on the ice sheet.
Several days of unusually warm weather in northern Greenland have caused rapid melting, made visible by the rivers of meltwater rushing into the ocean. Temperatures have been running around 60 degrees Fahrenheit — 10 degrees warmer than normal for this time of year, scientists said.
The amount of ice that melted in Greenland between July 15 and 17 this year alone — 6 billion tons of water per day — would be enough to fill 7.2 million Olympic-sized swimming pools, according to data from the US National Snow and Ice Data Center.
Each summer, scientists worry that they will see a repeat of the record melting that occurred in 2019, when 532 billion tons of ice flowed out into the sea. An unexpectedly hot spring and a July heat wave that year caused almost the entire ice sheet’s surface to melt. Global sea level rose permanently by 1.5 millimeters as a result.
Greenland holds enough ice — if it all melted — to lift sea level by 7.5 meters around the world. The latest research points to a more and more threatening situation on the Northern Hemisphere’s iciest island.
“Unprecedented (史无前例的)” rates of melting have been observed at the bottom of the Greenland ice sheet, a study published in February found, caused by huge quantities of meltwater flowing down from the surface. This water is particularly concerning because it can destabilize the sheet above it and could lead to a massive, rapid loss of ice.
And in 2020, scientists found that Greenland’s ice sheet had melted beyond the point of no return. The rate of melting in recent years exceeds anything Greenland has experienced in the last 12,000 years, another study found — and enough to cause measurable change in the gravitational field over Greenland.
At the East Greenland Ice-core Project — or EastGRIP — research camp in northwest Greenland, the work of scientists to understand the impact of climate change is being affected by climate change itself.
Aslak Grinsted, a climate scientist at the University of Copenhagen’s Niels Bohr Institute, said that they have been trying to get flights into the camp but the warmth is destabilizing the landing site.
Before human-caused climate change kicked in, temperatures near 32 degrees Fahrenheit there were unheard of. But since the 1980s, this region has warmed by around 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit per decade — four times faster than the global pace — making it all the more likely that temperatures will cross the melting point.
63. The passage is mainly written to _____.
A. alert people to the rapid melting of Greenland’s ice sheet
B. arouse people’s awareness of protecting the environment
C. inform people of the large amount of ice Greenland holds
D. reveal to people the cause and effect of the rise in sea level
64. What does “a transformation” in the first paragraph refer to
A. Climate change. B. A rise in sea level.
C. Global warming. D. The melting of ice.
65. What can be learned about the ice that melted in 2019
A. It repeated a record melting of the ice sheet several years ago.
B. Its amount was the largest ever and lifted sea level permanently.
C. It was enough to fill 7.2 million Olympic-sized swimming pools.
D. Its melting rate was so rapid as to result in an unexpectedly hot spring.
66. It is implied in the passage that _____.
A. climate change is a result of human activities
B. the study of climate change is being made easier
C. the melting of Greenland’s ice sheet is reversible
D. temperatures increase 1.5°F or so each decade globally
2023届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试题
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
I know people who say they don’t watch television, and I always nod and agree. Reading requires intelligence, and television is merely entertainment, right
I’m going to Scotland this year, and three different people told me I must watch “Outlander” before I go, which is like “Game of Thrones” for fans of romance novels. I watched the first four hourlong episodes back to back. When I stood up from the couch I felt sick, and it wasn’t just the cookies, popcorn and peanut butter sandwiches I’d had without noticing. It was dark outside, and I felt ashamed. I had spent half a day on the couch. Research for Scotland Not exactly.
A few days later I had a library book due: The National Book Award winner The Friend, by Sigrid Nunez. I needed to finish it, so I read the last half straight through. I was absorbed in Nunez’s New York City, worrying about the heroin’s career and her future. I finished the book with tears in my eyes and stood up feeling, well, great.
I had wasted another four hours on my couch. I hadn’t eaten as much junk food because I needed my hands free—and not sticky—so I could turn pages and return the book to the library relatively clean, but I hadn’t moved and once again it was dark outside. Why did I feel so much better and guilt-free
All the research says reading a book is good for you. It reduces stress, promotes comprehension and imagination, relieves depression, helps you sleep and may contribute to preventing Alzheimer’s. The act of physically turning a page creates a momentary pause for understanding to sink in. Our brains have to work to translate the black squiggles (弯弯曲曲的线条) on the page into words and then interpret the meaning
and intent of those words. When a character is described as tall with brown hair, a reader creates her own
picture. TV takes all that imagination away.
But there’s a lot of good TV now. I’d like to say the answer to TV versus books must be, as Aristotle said, “Moderation in all things,” though he never had a television or a computer and had to read his scrolls (长卷纸) by candlelight. I agree that too much television is bad for you. I know I feel better if I read, but it
won’t stop me from watching too: My second DVD of “Outlander” has just arrived, and as soon as I get this
essay done, the rest of my day is free.
56.By “I always nod and agree” (paragraph 1), the author implies that .
A.she should be polite to get the conversation to go on
B.she is reluctant to admit that she watches television
C.she believes those who say they don’t watch TV
D.she doesn’t think highly of TV either
57.The phrase “back to back” (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “ ”.
A.from morning till night
B.one after another without a break
C.leaning against the back of the couch
D.looking at the opposite direction
58.The author felt better after reading The Friend than watching “Outlander”, most probably because
.
A.she didn’t feel hungry for any snacks
B.the TV series got her to cancel her trip to Scotland
C.the television series was no more attractive than the book
D.she regarded reading as more rewarding than watching TV
59.What can be concluded from all the research introduced in paragraph 5
A.Reading is active while watching TV is passive.
B.Reading involves physical exercises while watching TV doesn’t.
C.Reading stimulates the brain to concentrate while watching TV doesn’t.
D.Reading is good for one’s mental health while watching TV is bad for it.
(B)
Guidelines for Poster Presentations
Date: Friday 28 October
Time: 13.00-14.20 (Presenters are required to be by their posters by 12.55 sharp.)
Poster Session Format
The poster session is a self-explanatory exhibit where the presenter(s) is/are available for one-on-one discussion.
All the in-person poster presentations will take place simultaneously ( 同 时 进 行 的 ). See below for
specific details of online poster presentations.
Poster design and Layout
Each poster should measure about 90×120cm (36×48 inches).
The texts and illustrations should be readable from 150cm (about 5 feet) away.
Posters can be hand-written or printed in colour/black and white.
Set-up and Removal
Posters will be displayed by fixing them on boards/walls provided. You will be given the necessary tools to carry out this task.
Presenters are required to hang their posters during the lunch break (12:00-13:00) on Friday 28 October and remove them after the session (14:20).
Presenters are responsible for the set-up and removal of their own posters. Staff will also be in the poster area to assist you.
Each poster presentation will be numbered in the programme schedule. Poster numbers will also be shown on the display boards. Make sure the poster is fixed under the correct number.
Playing of loud audio or video clips is not allowed, keeping in mind the noise level in the hall.
For online poster presentations:
Once your poster is ready, take a good picture of it and send it to us at least one week before the conference. We’ll take a print out of this and display it like the other posters. This will help the audience in the Hall in Chennai to look at them before they can log into your presentation at the assigned time.
During poster presentation whoever would like to interact with you will log into your session. This will be for the entire duration of the presentation with brief explanations and Q&A interspersed (穿插) with each other. Participants can move around to other poster presentations during this period, both online
and in-person.
60.According to the guidelines, the posters have to be .
A.handwritten on paper in black and white
B.hung on the walls of a specific area in the hall
C.easily recognizable from five meters away
D.numbered by an on-site staff member
61.Which of the following is a specific requirement for online poster presenters
A.They should remain online for the entire 100 minutes.
B.They should get ready for presentation at exactly12:55.
C.They need to send an e-version of their posters to the organizer.
D.They will be required to give explanations or answer questions.
62.The passage is meant for .
A.people who have unsolved questions to consult about
B.people who are interested in visiting an exhibition
C.people who are skilled at making good posters
D.people who want to exhibit their posters
(C)
Much like beauty, art is in the eye of the beholder. The artwork we are attracted to can give insight into our personality, such as whether we are too quick or too slow, calm or moody. Studies into art preferences date back to the 1930s — most of them examining the extent to which people like or dislike different paintings. Research shows that a person’s interest in art is more strongly related to certain personality traits than to social class, age, or gender.
In particular, a personality trait called “openness” is the best predictor of whether individuals are interested in art. On the other side, those who identify as “conscientious (一丝不苟的)”, are often less drawn to the arts. These traits are part of the Big Five, a widely accepted personality theory based on nearly a century
of research.
The model claims that each personality is composed of a combination of five core traits: openness, conscientiousness, extroversion (enjoying being with other people), agreeableness (being pleasant) and neuroticism (feeling worried and nervous). Rather than stating a person as being either shy or outgoing, the Big Five Model believes that everyone lies somewhere between the two extremes.
Personality traits may also affect the way people visually scan art. A 2018 study tracked participants’
eye movements as they studied abstract artwork. The majority of participants concentrated on the upper-right part. This makes sense, as the right half of the brain is specialized for visual and spatial processing, and also plays a significant role in processing the emotions that art draws out. However, participants who tended toward neuroticism focused on the left side of the picture, and those with mental disease paid more attention to the bottom of the picture.
Even with the impressive amount of research into the relationship between people’s personality traits and their love for art, there are still holes in the theories. For instance, some scientists claim that the Big Five Model doesn’t translate across cultures and is mainly targeted toward those living in developed nations. Also, most studies have focused on two-dimensional art, like paintings, and haven’t yet captured differing preferences for the variety of media that exist around the world. Then there’s the fact that our art preferences change over time and are informed by our ages, relationships and life experiences.
People’s preferences for art are nearly as complicated as art itself. But if you’re looking for a quick test of someone’s general personality traits, it doesn’t hurt to glance at what’s hanging on their walls.
63.Which of the following is the best illustration of “art is in the eye of the beholder” in paragraph 1
A.We judge a piece of art based on whether it is considered beautiful.
B.The beauty of a piece of artwork depends on its quality and price.
C.The owner of the artwork is the one who loves it the most.
D.Whether an artwork is appealing is a subjective matter.
64.The shadowed area in each of the following pictures is the part a person focuses on when enjoying an abstract painting. According to the 2018 study, which best illustrates the perception of a person who tends to be in anxiety
A.
B.
C.
D.
65.What can be inferred from the passage about the Big Five Model
A.It is a globally accepted measuring system.
B.Everyone can fit into one of the five categories.
C.There is much evidence of scientific studies to back it.
D.It can explain the change in our art preference over time.
66.What is the best title of this passage
A.What does your taste in art say about you
B.How to reveal one’s personality traits
C.Why do we like the artwork we like
D.How to discover your art preference
2023届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试题
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Jacob hated finishing things almost as much as he loved starting them. As a result, he had gotten into a million hobbies and activities, but he never stuck with any of them long enough to get any good.
He begged his mother for months for a guitar so that he could play Black Eyed Peas songs to Angie, a girl he liked, but after he finally got one for Christmas, he found out that guitars don't pl themselves. He took a few lessons, but the strings hurt his fingers and he didn't like holding the pick, so now the five-hundred dollar guitar lives under his bed.
After reading an ad in the back of one of his comic books, Jacob decided that he wanted Wonder-Sweeper 5000 metal detector so that he could find buried treasure. So he mowed lawns all summer and shoveled driveways all winter He didn't spend his money on ice-cream like his young brother, Alex. By the time spring came he had saved $200, and he purchased the Wonder-Sweeper 5000 metal detector. He beeped it around the park for a while, be he soon found out that no one had ever left any treasure in his neighborhood. He buried the metal detector in his closest.
Given Jacob's history with hobbies, it was no surprise that Jacob's father was reluctant to buy him a magician's kit for his birthday. Jacob was insistent. "Dad, this time I'll stick with it for real. I promise!” Jacob begged. Jacob's father sighed. But he was reminded of his own youth long ago, when he quit football and started boxing practice before hardly getting his equipment dirty. So when Jacob's birthday came around, Jacob was both surprised and pleased to find the magician's kit that he had desired so badly. Jacob opened up the box and unwrapped the many parts in the kit. He took the many fake coins, trick cards, and rope pieces of varying length on the kitchen table and imagined pulling rabbits out of his hat and turning them into pigeons with a mysterious puff of smoke.
As Jacob continued pulling plastic thumbs, foam balls, and giant playing cards out of the magic kit, a commercial on the TV caught his attention
“Hey kids! Have you ever wanted to go to space Experience what it's like to be an astronaut Do you want to explore the universe Well, now you can.” As the commercial continued playing. Jacob walked away from the magic kit on the kitchen table and stared at the TV screen longingly “For only $195 you can go to space camp and live life like an astronaut for a whole weekend. Enroll now for a once in a life time experience.” Jacob's cry rang throughout the house as he yelled, “MOM!" He now knew what his true purpose in life was.
56. Why did Jacob stop playing the guitar
A. It hurt his fingers. B. He'd rather play drums.
C. It was too expensive. D. He became interested in comic books.
57. Jacob's father decided to buy him the magician's kit because_________.
A. Jacob was insistent on having it B. Jacob's birthday was coming
C. Jacob quit many expensive activities D. Jacob reminded his father of himself
58. Which of the following is Jacob most likely to do next based on the end of the story
A. Become a great magician. B. Learn to play guitar well.
C. Detect an incredible hidden treasure. D. Raise money to go to space camp.
59. What can be learned about Jacob according to the passage
A. He was persistent in pursuing his dreams. B. He never stuck with anything for long.
C. He has always wanted to be a magician. D. He finally found his true purpose in life.
(B)
Vanuatu is an island nation in the South Pacific. It is also one of the smallest countries in the world. But for those interested in adventure and sport, there is a lot to do. Some of the best snorkeling (浮潜) can be found here. Vanuatu's islands also offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano surfing and land diving
Volcano Surfing
On Tanna Island, Mount Yasur rises 300 meters (1,000 feet) into the sky. It is known as the Lighthouse of the Pacific because of its regular eruptions for hundreds of years. For centuries,
both island locals and visitors have climbed this mountain to visit the top. Some visitors find Yasur terrifying; others captivating. Photographers are beside themselves at the opportunity to make stunning artwork from such a special point. Recently, people have also started climbing Yasur to surf the volcano.
In some ways, volcano surfing, also commonly known as ash boarding, is like surfing in the sea, but in other ways it's very different. It was invented by an adventurer journalist named Zoltan Istvan, while on a trip to Vanuatu Islands in 2002. Volcano surfing is considered as an extreme sport and there are not many practicing it. A volcano surfer's goal is to escape the erupting volcano - without getting hit by flying rocks! Riders hike up the volcano and slide down, sitting or standing, on a thin plywood or metal board. It's fast, fun, and dangerous - the perfect extreme sport.
Land Diving
Most people are familiar with bungee jumping, but did you know bungee jumping started on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu and is almost fifteen centuries old The original activity, called land diving, is part of a religious ceremony. Aman ties tree vines (藤) to his legs. He then jumps head-first from a high tower. It originated as a rite (仪式) of passage for young men trying to prove their manhood. The idea is to jump from as high as possible, and to land as close to the ground as possible. It is also a harvest ritual. The islanders believe the higher the jumpers dive, the higher the crops will grow. Every spring, island natives (men only) still perform this amazing test of strength.
60. Which of the following can be learned from the passage
A. Mount Yasur is a light tower on the Pacific Ocean
B. The history of volcano surfing dates back centuries
C. Bungee jumping grew out of land diving
D. Land diving came to Vanuatu from another country.
61. The underlined word captivating is closest in meaning to
A. distressing B. charming C. disappointing D. relieving
62. Which of the following could be the best title of this passage
A. Untouched Beauty: NANUATU B. Volcano Adventure: VANUATU
C. Extreme Destination: VANUATU D. Preserved Culture: VANUATU
(C)
A rich burial was unearthed by archaeologists at La Almoloya, southeasterm Spain that is the cradle of the El Argar civilization, which lived in the region during the Bronze Age.
La Almoloya was a primary center of politics and wealth in the El Argar territory, and although the discovery was made in 2014, experts are now taking a closer look at the sociological and political context of the unearthed treasure.
The remains of a woman, along with a man who may have been her husband, were discovered in the forested hills of the area. Radiocarbon dating suggests the burial happened around 1700 BC. The pair were found with 30 objects containing precious metals and semi-precious stones, including the silver diadem (王冠), which encireled the skull(颅骨) of the woman.
Experts believe that the man in the grave was probably a warrior, wear and tear on his bone indicate he spent a lot of time on horseback, and his skull had deep scars from a facial injury, while gold plugs through his earlobes indicated he was someone of distinction.
The woman, named the “Princess of La Almoloya”, was buried a short time after the man with vast quantities of jewellery: bracelets, earlobe plugs and rings, to name a few. The grave goods of the woman were worth tens of thousands of dollars in today's money
“We have two ways of interpreting this,” says archaeologist Roberto Risch of the Autonomous University of Barcelona. “Either you say, it’s just the wife of the king; or you say, no, she’s a political personality by herself.”
Risch is a co-author of a study that was recently published about the important findings, that noted the building under which the grave was found was of equal importance - a building specifically dedicated to governing purposes in Western Europe. A wide hall was excavated (挖掘), with high ceilings, a raised platform, and a capacity for more than 50 people to sit on benches that lined the walls. “It's a building where people could be sitting listening to each other, or to someone explaining something,” says Risch, “There is no evidence of food and no clear-cut religious artefacts, so it doesn't look like a home or a temple. "
The discovery at La Almoloya shed new light on the politics and gender relations in one of the first urban societies of the West. Previous findings have revealed that women were considered adults at a much younger age than boys were. Excavated grave goods have highlighted that girls as young as six were buried with knives and tools, but boys would be in their teens by the time they would be buried alongside such objects.
Additionally, the graves of some women from El Argar were reopened generations later to bury other men and women, an unsual practice that experts believe would have been a very high honor. “What exactly their political power was, we don't know,” Risch adds. “But this burial at La Almoloya questions the role of women in [Bronze Age] politics... it questions a lot of conventional wisdom.”
63. The woman discovered at La Almoloya _________.
A. proved to be á princess during the Bronze Age
B. was buried long after her husband’s death
C. lived in an ancient society called El Argar
D. was holding a silver diadem when unearthed
64. The man in the grave was believed to be a warrior mainly because
A. he had gold plugs through his earlobes B. he was buried next to the woman
C. he was buried with knives and tools D. he had injuries and scars on his bones
65. According to Risch, the ancient building seemed to __________.
A. have been used for political meetings B. have served some religious purposes
C.be the first temple built in Western Europe D. be specially dedicated to food trading
66. What can be inferred from the discovery at La Almoloya
A. Women were buried with more riches than men in the Bronze Age.
B. The role of women in Bronze Age politics had been overestimated.
C. Women may have been powerful rulers in the El Argar civilization.
D. Women were considered adults at a much younger age than boys.
参考答案
2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷
36．C 37．B 38．A 39．D
40．A 41．D 42．C
43．C 44．A 45．C 46．B
2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模英语试题
56．A 57．B 58．D 59．C
60．D 61．B 62．A
63．B 64．C 65．B 66．D
2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷
56. A 57. D 58. A 59. C 60. C
61. B 62. D 63. A 64. D 65. B 66. A
2023届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试题
56-59: DBDA 60-62: BCD 63-66: DCCA
2023届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试题
56-59 ADDB 60-62 CBC 63-66 CDAC上海市部分区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末（一模）英语试卷分类汇编
概要写作专题
2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷
六、概要写作
51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The risk of pre-schooling
“Young children learning to read is one of the most important things primary education does. It’s fundamental to children making progress in life,” says Dominic Wyse, a professor of primary education at University College London, in the UK. “While learning literacy is vital to childern, the way we teach it really matters.”
In a 2022 report, he states that English school system’s intense focus on phonics – a method that involves matching the sound of a spoken word or letter, with individual written letters, through a process called “sounding out” – could be failing some children. A reason for this is that the tests used to assess that early learning may have little to do with the skills actually needed to read and enjoy books or other meaningful texts. For example, the tests may ask pupils to “sound out” and spell nonsense words, to prevent them from simply guessing, or recognising familiar words. Since nonsense words are not meaningful language, children may find the task difficult and puzzling. It doesn’t end up being meaningful, it ends up being memorising rather than understanding context.
Children who attend intensive preschools do not have higher academic abilities in later grades than those who did not attend such preschools, several studies now show. Early education can however have a positive impact on social development – which in turn feeds into the likelihood of graduation from school and university as well as being associated with lower crime rates. In short, attending preschool can have positive effects on later achievement in life, but not necessary on academic skills.
Too much academic pressure may even cause problems in the long run. A study published in January 2022 suggested that those who attended a preschool with a strong academic emphasis, showed lower academic achievements a few years later, compared to those who had not gained a place.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模英语试题
71．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Out of Sight, Out of Mind
Technology has made paying all sorts of bills incredibly easy. The real-time budget apps, which capture our spending and pay our bills automatically, should theoretically give us more control over our money. But why, in real life, do they do the opposite
It helps to think about how we used to pay. My parents describe a process that would involve three separate points of contact whenever they paid for something with a credit card: first, at the cash register, then when a bill came in the mail and finally when they wrote a check to cover it. While each of the checkpoints is technically still there, automation has given us a chance to skip the second and the third. For bills paid automatically through a banking app, even the first checkpoint can be gone. We know that it is happening in the background, but it’s so far out of view that it might as well not be there. How do we get that connection back, without giving up the convenience that technology has brought us
The good news is that though technology has taken away something, it can also give. Much of the battle is simply recognizing what we’ve lost. If we want to be smart about our money and have thorough control over it, we need to bridge that gap between what we spend on and how much we pay. We can start using personal-finance apps to do more than make our lives easier. These apps can send us notifications when each automatic payment is being made and categorize purchases, sending us instant spending reports. Admittedly, those tools require the user to sign up for these services and make conscious efforts to take full advantage of them. In this way, they are arguably better practice than balancing a checkbook on a Saturday morning.
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2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
71. Chatbots
What if instead of clicking on link after link on a company’s website, you could type a question and get an immediate, customized answer Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots. Chatbots are computer programs that can communicate with human beings by phone, on messaging apps or on websites.
There are two types of chatbots: open and closed. A closed chatbot follows a script, which may or may not involve using AI (artificial intelligence) to understand users’ messages. An open chatbot uses AI both to figure out what users want and to generate responses. Open chatbots are able to learn from their conversations and thus improve their ability to communicate over time. This means that open chatbots can respond to a wider range of inquiries, compared with closed municating with them feels more natural, but if they have not been correctly trained, users may have a bad experience with them.
One significant advantage of chatbots is that they are available all the time, even in the middle of the night. Plus, a single chatbot can cater to multiple users at once. This means that users can get immediate answers to their questions rather than waiting for a human representative. Chatbots have the potential to overcome several technological problems people face. These include difficulty in searching websites and trouble finding basic information and answers to simple questions.
However, in order for chatbots to work, humans are still indispensable (不可或缺的). Someone has to program the chatbots initially, train them, and maintain and improve the chatbot system. Further, even open chatbots may not have the answers to detailed questions, and many people simply prefer speaking to a human rather than a chatbot. Thus, chatbots are unlikely to completely replace human agents. Rather, they will help users resolve simple problems so that customer service representatives can focus on more difficult issues.
2023届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试题
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
71.Are Oceans Silent
Most sea creatures, from whales and dolphins to fish, sharks and shrimps, respond to sound, and many can produce it. They use it to hunt and to hide, find mates and food, send messages and give warnings,
establish territories, warn off competitors, confuse their targets, deceive enemies, and sense changes in water and conditions. Marine animals click bones, grind teeth and belch gases (磨牙打嗝); use special organs to make various noises. Far from the ‘silent deep’, the oceans are so noisy.
Into this age-long confused noise, in the blink of an evolutionary eye, has entered a new thunder: the trembling sound of mighty engines as 46,220 large ships passed the world’s shipping courses. Scientists say that background noise in the ocean has increased roughly by 15 decibels (分贝) in the past 50 years. It may
not sound like much in overall terms, but it is enough, according to many marine biologists, to mask the
normal sounds of ocean life going about its business. At its most intense, some even say noise causes whales to become disoriented, dolphins to suffer from ‘the bends’, fish to go deaf, leave their breeding grounds or fail to form groups—enough to disorganize the basic biology of two thirds of the planet.
“Undersea noise pollution is like the death of a thousand cuts”, says Sylvia Earie, chief scientist of the
U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “Each sound in itself may not be a matter of critical concern, but taken all together, the noise from shipping, earthquake-related surveys, and military activity is creating a totally different environment than existed even 50 years ago. That high level of noise is bound to have a hard, sweeping impact on life in the sea.
2023届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试题
Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Why Don’t We Use the Math We Learn in School
How much of the math you've learned in school is used in everyday life For the majority of people, the answer is surprisingly little. Clearly, some people learn math very well and apply it in everyday problem-solving settings. The question is why most people don't, in spite of spending many years practicing it.
The first explanation blames the failure of education. One of the major barriers to using a skill in real life is automaticity. We tend to find the least-effort solution to our problem. If struggling
through a math problem is hard for you, you'll find a different way to solve it that doesn't rely on math. The familiar model for teaching mathematics revolves around teachers telling students certain rules, applying those rules to examples and students then practicing problems similar to the examples seen in class. By teaching in this way, a lot of the work and deep thought that went into the creation of these mathematical rules is lost. In that sense, people were never taught math thoroughly enough to use it automatically in real life.
The second explanation is a little different. It argues that people may develop competence in math classes, but they struggle to translate real-life problems into a format where they can use thein mathematics knowledge. This seems most apparent in the case of applying algebra (代数). Students struggle with algebra, but they particularly struggle with word problems. Yet, the equivalent real-life problems are typically much harder than word problems. From this perspective, what people struggle with is not doing math, but recognizing where and how to apply math to real problems.
Educational researchers now emphasize the importance of transfer and deep understanding They believe we need to give students more training in noticing and converting everyday situations into the math problems they know how to solve. By using real-life math applications, students can make connections between math and everyday life.
参考答案
2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷
51．Learning literacy is important for children, and how they learn it counts. A study shows too much phonics learning negatively affects children because passing the tests only requires meaningless pronunciation and spelling instead of understanding. Although pre-schooling does good to the development of society, studies also show too much of it has nothing to do with later academic achievements.
2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模英语试题
71．Technology simplifies the process of paying but robs us of the control over money. We lose track of the connection between the purchases and the money spent because the process is not completely presented. To regain the control, we can turn to personal-finance apps consciously to get instantly notified. (49 words)
2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷
Chatbots are communication computer programs. Closed chatbots follow fixed instructions while open chatbots can respond more flexibly using AI. Chatbots’ advantages include working round the clock and communicating with several people at the same time. However, chatbots won’t replace humans because chatbots are programmed by humans. Additionally, chatbots can’t answer detailed questions and many people just dislike them. (58 words)
2023届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试题
Oceans are never silent as marine creatures mostly produce various sounds to go about their businesses. Now oceans are getting even noisier as humans do more activities there. The resulting noise is loud enough to change the environment and exercise a disturbing impact on marine life.
2023届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试题
Most people don’t use math in life after learning it for years. One explanation is that we do not learn math well enough to use it effortlessly. The other is that we fail to recognize where and how to apply math to real problems. Educational researchers suggest more training in turning reallife situations into math problems. （56words）上海市部分区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末（一模）英语试卷分类汇编
句子翻译专题
2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷
七、汉译英（整句）
52．这个问题至今已经困扰了我好几天。(puzzle) (汉译英)
53．要在竞争中立于不败之地，公司要不断创新。(survive) (汉译英)
54．有些节食减肥十分有害，可能引发食物摄入量不足，而这是非常不健康的。(which) (汉译英)
55．我们也许都有无论如何努力都无法实现的梦想，但付出的努力一定不会白白浪费。(reach) (汉译英)
2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模英语试题
72．清晨，窗外鸟儿的歌声将她从熟睡中唤醒。(wake)(汉译英)
73．学点经济学常识，这样你就不会对这一社会现象感到云里雾里了。(and) (汉译英)
74．虽然我抱怨他碍手碍脚，但他毫不计较，还是心甘情愿地帮我收拾厨房。(notice) (汉译英)
75．在和交换生沟通时，务必要真诚，也要考虑他们的文化背景，以免产生误会。(sure) (汉译英)
2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 帮我去楼下杂货店买点面粉，行吗？(help)
73. 据报道，目前最重要的是要恢复被飓风摧毁的电力系统。(priority)
74. 这些孩子能够如愿以偿是因为他们提前完成了老师布置的任务。(reason)
75. 面对同事们的指责，这个年轻小伙并没有选择逃避，而是想方设法弥补因自己的过失所造成的损失。(means)
2023届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试题
71.如果你不是真的对这个比赛感兴趣，何必费口舌打听呢？(bother)
72.尤其令人担心的是现如今如何保护方言成了老大难问题。(too…to)
73.这支五人登山队被困野外时间越久，生还希望就越是渺茫。(survival)
74.漫步在这古典园林中，四处可见各式木门，它们图纹各异，形式活泼，别具特色。(hang)
2023届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试题
Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. 这位诗人偏爱乡间那悠闲的生活节奏。(prefer)
2.无论经受了怎样的磨难，他也从未丧失对生活的信心。(faith)
3. 该自然保护区蕴藏着极为丰富的旅游资源，具有广阔的开发前景。(tremendous)
4. 随着智能手机的普及和社交媒体的快速发展，一些人沦为谣言的受害者，甚至在无意间成为谣言的传播者。(fall)
参考答案
2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷
52．This question has been puzzling me for a few days now.
53．In order to survive the competition, a company should keep innovating.
54．Some dieting is so harmful that people might not eat enough food, which can be quite unhealthy.
55．We may all have dreams that are out of reach whatever efforts we make, but the efforts are sure to pay off.
2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模英语试题
72．In the morning, the birds’ singing / chirping outside the window(s) woke / wakes her (up) from a deep / sound sleep.
73．Learn some common knowledge in economics, and you won’t be confused about this social phenomenon.
74．Though I complained that he was getting in my way, he took no notice and helped me clean (up) the kitchen willingly / was (most / very) willing to help me clean (up) the kitchen.
75．When you communicate/When communicating with exchange students, be sure to be sincere and take their cultural background into consideration in case misunderstandings arise/emerge/happen.
2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷
72. Help me buy some flour in the grocery store downstairs, will you
73. It is reported that the priority now is to restore the power system destroyed by the hurricane.
74. The reason why the children could do what they wished/achieve what they had expected was that they finished the tasks assigned by the teacher ahead of time.
75. Facing the criticism/blame/scolding from his colleagues, the young man did not choose to escape, but tried every means to make up for the loss caused by his fault.
2023届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试题
2023届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试题
1.The poet prefers the relaxed pace of life in the country.
2.No matter what hardships he suffered, he never lost faith in life.
3. The natural reserve contains extremely rich tourism resources and enjoys tremendous prospects for development. 4. With the popularity of smart phones and the rapid development of social media, some people fall victim to rumors, or even become those who spread rumors/ rumor mongers unconsciously/unintentionally/ without realizing it.上海市部分区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末（一模）英语试卷分类汇编
六选四专题
2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷
五、六选四
How to show others you care
The idea that kindness can boost happiness is hardly new. Studies have shown that prosocial behavior — basically, voluntarily helping others — can help lower people’s daily stress levels, and that simple acts of connection, like texting a friend, mean more than many of us realize. ___47___
“I have found that kindness can be a really hard sell,” said Tara Cousineau, a clinical psychologist, “People desire kindness yet often feel troubled by the thought of being kind.” ___48___ They may question whether their gesture or gift will be misinterpreted, or whether it will make the recipient feel pressured to pay it back.
___49___ Jennifer Oldham, who lost her 9-year-old daughter Hallie in July, recently created a Facebook group — Keeping Kindness for Hallie — that encourages participants to engage in random acts of kindness. People have bought groceries and donated school supplies in Hallie’s honor. “It will help your own heart, maybe even more than the recipients,” said Ms. Oldham.
If you are not already in the habit of performing random kind acts, or if it does not come naturally to you, start by thinking about what you like to do. It’s not about you being like, ‘Oh man, now I have to learn how to bake cookies in order to be nice’. It’s about: ___50___ And how can you turn that into an offering for other people
A．What skills and talents do you already have
B．Stress can also keep people from being kind to others.
C．Why are recipients less likely to appreciate a random act of kindness
D．But an act of kindness is unlikely to fail, and in some instances it can create even more kindness.
E．People who perform a random act of kindness tend to underestimate how much the recipient will appreciate it.
F．But researchers who study kindness and friendship say they hope the new findings strengthen the scientific case for making these types of gestures more often.
2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模英语试题
八、六选四
Shanghai Regulation to Help Boost AI
Shanghai’s decision to boost the development of the artificial intelligence industry will promote the city’s digital transformation and its efforts to build itself into an international AI highland, experts said in an interview.
The city passed a regulation on boosting AI just months ago, marking the first such effort in China at the provincial level. ___67___
“This regulation emphasizes industry innovation and guidance for future development,” said Yan Rui, director of legal affairs in the Standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress, at a recent media briefing. “___68___ It will also strongly support the digital transformation of Shanghai, and assist creation of an AI highland with global influence.” Yan said.
One highlight of the AI regulation is that the municipal departments concerned could draw up lists of minor violations during the development of the AI industry which would not receive administrative punishment. “___69___ It is the same case with AI. Therefore, it is an international agreement to allow for minor errors during the research and development process,” said Weng Guanxi, a lawyer at a Shanghai-based law firm. The regulation gives a clear definition of AI and the AI industry and encourages innovative activities in the field by people, enterprises and organizations.
___70___ In 2021, the combined output value of AI enterprises above a designated size, or with an annual revenue of 20 million yuan ($16.85 million) or above, reached 305 billion yuan, 2.28 times that of 2018, according to China Securities Journal. The number of talented professionals working in the AI field in Shanghai has soared from 100,000 in 2018 to 230,000 in 2021, said a Xinhua News Agency report.
A．The AI industry worldwide is undergoing orderly transformation.
B．The regulation came into effect on October 1, just as planned.
C．Shanghai’s AI industry scale has expanded dramatically in the past few years.
D．Government and the related division’s responsibilities are all within the framework of established laws and regulations.
E．The regulation on AI intends to facilitate various stimulations for the high-quality development of the AI industry.
F．The core of scientific research is that it is a process of constantly making mistakes and distinguishing right from wrong.
2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A.The company has already achieved several milestones since it was founded.
B.Its goal is to create sustainable meat products to replace meats such as beef, chicken and even fish.
C.The layers of meat and fat can be regrouped in different proportions to create different flavor experiences.
D.Additionally, producing meat without having to raise and kill cattle may work out better for ensuring animal welfare and overall health.
E.The meat product is the first of its kind and was created using a specific 3D-bioprinting technology that was recently patented by the company.
F.In the final steps, the muscle cells and fat cells are turned into meat, ready to be processed into the final product, whether it’s a burger, steak, or even a meatloaf.
Israeli Company Develops 3D Printed Beef
If there were an award for the funniest company name of 2022, then the 3D printed meat company “Steakholder” would win that award.
Israeli company Steakholder Foods Ltd. has introduced its new product, Omakase Beef Morsels, which are bioprinted with cultured meat. The bites are inspired by the world-famous Wagyu beef, famous for its fat marbling patterns (大理石花纹) in the meat, which is also very expensive.
The company was formed in 2019 and has an office in Israel and Belgium, and is now expanding its operations to the US. 67
Stakeholder uses stem cells from cattle for the production of its printed beef, and the muscle tissue and fat are printed from two separate bio-inks. 68 A bite can be made juicier, chewier, and the taste can also be altered.
The process works by first selecting the animals to extract (提取) the stem cells from. The cells are selected from animals that will provide the best meat and yield. The next step is proliferation, in which the cells are placed into a nutrient rich reactor to multiply. When the cells reach appropriate numbers, the stem cells change into muscle cells and fat cells. 69
“This product marks a major step forward for us and for the cultured meat industry in general,” said Arik Kaufman, CEO of Steakholder Foods. “It is the result of a lot of hard work and our desire to achieve the highest level of meat possible through bioprinting and cell culture processes.”
70 Its patent for 3D-bioprinting technology is the result of intensive cooperation between its 3D printing engineers and cell biologists. “We see Omakase Beef Morsels as the combination of food, technology and fine art,” Kaufman said. “We want to inspire chefs around the world to create delicious masterpieces and unforgettable dining experiences.”
So there you have it, guilt-free meat eating may be just around the corner.
2023届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试题
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Social Engineering
When using social media, many users may not be thinking of the social engineering implications that can arise with too much over-sharing of personal information. However, what people share in posts can paint a very vivid picture of a person – which can then be misused by hackers.
“ 67 Social engineering is the number one cause of most spiteful data breaches ( 泄 露 ),” said
Roger Grimes, data-driven defense specialist at cyber security firm KnowBe4. “Nothing else is even close, percentage-wise,” Grimes warned, “Nearly every organization could best improve their cyber security
defense plans if they focused far more on reducing the likelihood of social engineering. No other single defense could do more to protect an organization against hacking and malware (恶意软件).”
“Every organization should look to see what they can improve in their defense-in-depth plan (e.g.,
policies, technical defenses, and education) to defeat social engineering. It is because almost no organization appropriately focuses the necessary resources and training against social engineering that allows hackers and malware to be so long-term successful. 68 ”
The security experts warn that even in the context of “social media,” users shouldn’t let their guard down. 69 “As individuals, we are aware of the personal threats posed by cyber attacks directed against us,” suggested Erfan, cyber security expert at data security Comforte AG. “To avoid being victimized, it’s best to operate under the mindset that digital footprints exist everywhere and can never be completely wiped out.”
“As members of businesses and organizations, we know that enterprise data is always a tempting target for hackers,” Erfan continued. “ 70 Preventing attacks and breaches is not 100 percent fool-proof, so we can only hope that big techs have instituted the measures of data-centric security applied directly to data in case that sensitive information falls into the wrong hands.”
2023届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试题
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Quiet Quitting
While not a new concept, the term “quiet quitting" has recently gained popularity on social
media.
What is quiet quitting
Quiet quitting doesn't mean an employee has left their job, but rather has limited their tasks to avoid working longer hours. (67) __________________ They stick to what is in their job description and when they go home, they leave work behind them and focus on non-work duties and activities.
(68) __________________ It may also mean they are ready to change positions or may be currently looking for another job.
Why are employees quiet quitting
Quiet quitting may be a popular term, but this practice isn't new. Workers have quietly quit their jobs for years to look for something new, whether it was because of poor pay, unmanageable workload, burnout or lack of growth opportunities.
Working from home has also changed the dynamics of the workplace because employees and managers are communicating in different ways through online meetings. These interactions may feel more formal than the chat sessions that happen in an office. Limited meetings can cause a disconnect between employees and management. (69) __________________
How can businesses help employees
The biggest way to prevent disengagement is to improve the employee experience. Talk to employees, gather their feedback and discuss what can be done to make them feel appreciated. Make sure workloads are realistic and that there are appropriate boundaries to maintain a work-life balance. It's important to check in with employees to make sure these boundaries are clear and help establish an open and honest relationship.
Further, managers should clearly outline paths of career progression to each employee. (70) __________________ A recent report revealed that more than half of employees surveyed would accept 10% less pay in exchange for a “more interesting career path or more opportunities to learn new skills”.
参考答案
2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷
47．F 48．B 49．D 50．A
2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模英语试题
67．B 68．E 69．F 70．C
2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷
67. B 68. C 69. F 70. A
2023届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试题
67-70: FDAB
2023届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试题
67-70 BECF上海市部分区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末（一模）英语试卷分类汇编
完形填空专题
2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷
三、完形填空
Colleges today often operate as machines for putting too many opportunities before already advantaged people. Our educational system focuses too much on helping students take the next step. But it does not give them adequate ___21___ in thinking about the substance of the lives toward which they are advancing. Many institutions today have ___22___ that it is an essential part of education to teach the young the art of choosing, and to train them to use ___23___ to decide which efforts deserve the investment of their lives.
We spent many years teaching on a college campus, trying to help students struggling with their confusion. Eventually, we sought to address this problem ___24___, by designing a course intended to introduce the young to the art of choosing. The course begins with Plato’s “Gorgias” — a messy dialogue that turns on a(n) ___25___ over whether the pursuit of virtue or of pleasure is the way to a good life. The dialogue ends ___26___; no one is satisfied. But with remarkable regularity, it ___27___ the kind of thinking that students need to better understand the choices that shape their lives.
Students’ first reaction to the “Gorgias” is disbelief, sometimes even horror. It is the dialogue’s ___28___ that alarms them: the idea that we can seriously argue about what represents the human good. Everything in their education has led them to believe that such arguments cannot bear fruit.
Most students are ___29___ to discover this art of choosing. Learning to reason about happiness is as delightful as discovering that one’s voice can be made to sing. Why, then, do institutions ____30____ teach it In some cases, intelligence members are encouraged to ____31____ specialized research rather than thinking about the good life. In others, they share the belief that feeling is a more ____32____ guide to happiness than the mind.
Colleges should self-consciously prioritize initiating students into a culture of ____33____ reflection on how to live. Doing so will hold them ____34____ performing their proper work: helping young people learn to give reasons for the choices that shape their lives and to ____35____ about the ends they pursue.
21．A．assistance B．protection C．recognition D．treatment
22．A．forgotten B．promised C．repeated D．responded
23．A．determination B．imagination C．memory D．reason
24．A．controversially B．effortlessly C．resistantly D．systematically
25．A．argument B．lecture C．performance D．session
26．A．automatically B．inconclusively C．indirectly D．unnecessarily
27．A．abuses B．awakens C．demonstrates D．echoes
28．A．assumption B．pattern C．progress D．variation
29．A．grateful B．quick C．reluctant D．shocked
30．A．commonly B．effectively C．rarely D．strictly
31．A．direct B．emphasize C．review D．sponsor
32．A．detailed B．formal C．qualified D．reliable
33．A．logical B．moral C．spiritual D．theoretical
34．A．eager for B．patient with C．responsible for D．skilled at
35．A．complain B．experiment C．question D．reflect
2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模英语试题
六、完形填空
The invention of the printing press eventually led to our modern world.
What does the printing press do and why is it important
A printing press is any form of technology that applies pressure between an inked surface and a print medium (like paper or cloth). ___41___, it is a means of transferring ink from an inked surface to the medium.
The modern printing press was an enormous improvement on the ___42___ system. People used to record by hand using a “pen” and ink or brushing and rubbing repeatedly to achieve ink transfer. Such methods were historically used primarily for texts, which ___43___ a small circulation (流通) and a high prize.
However, the invention of the printing press ___44___ bookmaking and distribution around the world. As the prices of book production fell, less wealthy members of society could suddenly gain access to this former ___45___ item.
Where was the printing press invented
When someone mentions the printing press, the western world will ___46___ think of Johannes Guttenberg’s revolution in the 15th Century. While his invention was a(n) ___47___, it wasn’t the first printing press to be developed.
Actually, its initiation stretches back to the 3rd Century in a small number of areas, with its ___48___ into wide use during the Tang Dynasty.
Despite this fact, Guttenberg ___49___ his place in history for the fantastic mass-production of books for the first time. Before his invention, ideas were spread in a(n) ____50____ process. That effectively meant access to the printed world was limited to those who could ____51____ its high price.
Did the Chinese invent the printing press
The earliest copy of The Diamond Sutra (《金刚经》) was discovered inside a cave near Dunhuang, which was printed in the 9th Century. This text is described as “the earliest complete ____52____ of a dated printed book”. Its discovery ____53____ what the westerners thought they knew about the development of the printing press.
Printing process was heavily ____54____ in the 11th Century after Bi Sheng, who was born into a common family, developed a form of early movable type. Although little else is known about Bi, his ____55____ method of producing hundreds of individual characters was a huge stepping-stone on the path to the modern printing press.
41．A．For example B．By contrast C．In other words D．As a result
42．A．repetitive B．progressive C．recordable D．previous
43．A．featured B．eliminated C．reversed D．promoted
44．A．discharged B．revolutionized C．prioritized D．implemented
45．A．vigor B．luxury C．visible D．plain
46．A．neutrally B．jealously C．instinctively D．distressingly
47．A．insight B．downturn C．outburst D．breakthrough
48．A．restriction B．investigation C．perception D．adaptation
49．A．deserves B．insists C．forecasts D．strengthens
50．A．time-limited B．tech-addicted C．effort-consuming D．money-saving
51．A．impact B．afford C．revise D．boast
52．A．destruction B．renewal C．survival D．motivation
53．A．inherited B．declared C．misled D．rewrote
54．A．modeled B．fueled C．industrialized D．suspended
55．A．innovative B．unimpressive C．abnormal D．conventional
2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
When looking at ways to expand your business, does it make sense to go global The answer is yes — expanding to international markets helps companies grow, increases buying power and diversifies market opportunities. It better prepares the company for changes in the 41 economy. It can result in increased profits, a diverse customer base and improved stability.
Before the pandemic, 42 expansion almost always meant international travel. 43 bias (偏见) in some countries historically made business expansion difficult for women, and international travel can 44 the delicate work-life balance entrepreneurs (企业家) of both sexes strive to maintain.
The Covid-19 pandemic 45 global e-commerce and opportunities. The world is conducting business 46 with far more success than anticipated. This shift to business by the internet presents tremendous global opportunities for women as it effectively makes the situation 47 .
Conducting business on the internet 48 the complications of gender, race, religion, color and lifestyle, simplifying business down to the principles of supply and demand. This opens more doors for growth and enables entrepreneurs to study potential markets and the buyer’s journey from the 49
of their own office.
So, how can you accomplish successful international expansion First, identify your target market, and then develop an inbound marketing strategy.
This involves providing all the information your target consumers need on your 50 so consumers can find you and research the answers to their initial questions on their own. With a defined inbound strategy, well-written content and social media outreach, you can bring 51 buyers to you instead of continually searching for new buyers.
A vital part of your global inbound marketing strategy will be to translate important information from your website into your target consumer’s native language. Even if your target consumers are multilingual, most 52 to buy from sites that provide information in their native language.
Then how can you develop your inbound marketing strategy The first step is to select a market that 53 your company goals and marketing strategy. Choose one country, one language, and develop a multilingual marketing strategy that defines your goals and prepares you to connect with prospective buyers. Once you create the plan and process for the first country, you can copy it when you’re ready to expand into 54 markets.
You might believe that your business is too small to get involved with 55 — but consider this: When you make use of the power of the internet, it doesn’t matter if your company is large or small. The key is to shift your focus from outbound to inbound marketing — and bring buyers to you.
41. A. booming B. domestic C. current D. industrial
42. A. rapid B. successful C. further D. global
43. A. Gender B. Media C. Cultural D. Political
44. A. keep B. upset C. promote D. restore
45. A. looks into B. breaks down C. speeds up D. responds to
46. A. desperately B. efficiently C. securely D. remotely
47. A. fair B. worse C. real D. reliable
48. A. increases B. promotes C. removes D. illustrates
49. A. angle B. comfort C. relief D. imagination
50. A. desk B. website C. shoulder D. market
51. A. qualified B. wealthy C. foreign D. optimistic
52. A. intend B. hesitate C. volunteer D. prefer
53. A. attaches to B. benefits from C. sees through D. agrees with
54. A. commercial B. additional C. overseas D. private
55. A. marketing B. financing C. exporting D. training
2023届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试题
I.Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Does a reassuring touch on the back bring you comfort during a tough day A new study finds, when it comes to touching, people aren’t even 41 about who’s doing it. Researchers in Germany say the touch of a humanoid (人形的) robot makes people 42 and more likely to follow their requests.
Instead of being 43 on other humans, researchers are hoping that one day robots may be able to
fulfill the roles of therapists, personal trainers, and even life coaches. Their study follows the widespread increase of touch 44 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Several studies have pointed out how physical distancing and isolation is creating a variety of negative effects that increase feelings of stress, depression, and anxiety.
In this research, 48 students engaged in a conversation with NAO – a programmable research robot. During the course, for some participants, the robot briefly and seemingly randomly 45 the back of the participant’s hand.
This differed from the design of other studies, which have relied on 46 touch. In response to the robot’s touch, most participants smiled and laughed, and none 47 . Results show those who were touched were more likely to 48 the robot urging them to show interest in a particular academic course discussed during the conversation. Participants also reported a better 49 state after the robot’s tap on the hand. 5 0 , students who were touched were more likely to give the robot a higher score for physical attractiveness (although these participants still only rated poor NAO a 2.5 out of 5 on average).
“A robot’s non-functional touch 51 to humans,” Laura Hoffmann from Ruhr University and her team write. “Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a conversation resulted in better feelings and more compliance (依从) to the request of a humanoid robot.”
“It is remarkable that simple and brief tap on the back of participants’ hands showed such an effect.
Involving more complex and 52 touching from a robot might increase engagement and compliance.”
As the researchers argue, this small study – one of the first to examine the 53 of robot-initiated touch – suggests that through the use of comforting touches, robot therapists could better 54 patients to engage in healthy activities such as exercise. However, they caution that much about human-robot 55 are complex, with there still more to be learned about the difference between human and robot touch.
41. A. curious B. crazy C. picky D. certain
42. A. happier B. freer C. more stressed D. more frightened
43. A. hard B. dependent C. impressed D. based
44. A. completion B. formation C. imagination D. starvation
45. A. watched B. patted C. cleaned D. blocked
46. A. human-initiated B. time-pressed C. technique-based D. goal-oriented
47. A. made out B. thought back C. pulled away D. set off
48. A. look over B. go along with C. take off D. stand up against
49. A. physical B. emotional C. financial D. social
50. A. However B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Still
51. A. matters B. sees C. relates D. gets
52. A. warmer B. longer C. more friendly D. more forceful
53. A. theory B. history C. trend D. potential
54. A. warn B. persuade C. force D. control
55. A. similarities B. conflicts C. constructions D. interactions
2023届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试题
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Are you a digital hoarder
Most people are familiar with hoarding(囤积) and the psychological issues associated with it. Hoarding leads to messy homes and difficulty____ (41) ____ with items that you don't use and don't even need. But hoarding can also occur in the digital world.
Digital hoarding, also known as e-hoarding, is too much acquisition and ____ (42) ____ to delete electronic material no longer valuable to the user. Most computer users save digital files to some extent, and that's expected. With digital hoarding, however, the act of saving the files becomes an uncontrollable ____ (43) ____. Digital hoarders may collect emails, photos, articles, podcasts, or any type of computer files they believe they may want to revisit in the future, and ultimately, in most cases, they ____ (44) ____ get to actually use it or listen to it or read it.
Digital hoarding also occurs when someone is too ____ (45) ____ to the data even to consider getting rid of it. This can include chats and photos of an old partner, ____ (46) ____ sent by a long-lost friend, or even screenshots collected several years ago
Researchers have ____ (47) ____ digital hoarders into 4 different types, according to their characteristics. “Collectors” are organized, ____ (48) ____ and in control of their data. “Accidental hoarders", also called “____ (49) ____ or disorganized hoarders", don't intentionally save unnecessary data. They just don't know how to organize it. "The hoarders by instruction" keep data on behalf of their company (even when they could delete much of it). Finally, “anxious hoarders" have strong emotional ____ (50) ____ to their data - and are worried about deleting it.
The problem has only gotten worse since we have more ____ (51) ____ to digital storage thar ever. In addition, cloud storage makes it incredibly easy to purchase more storage as needed. With ____ (52) ____ cloud space, it's logical when network users don't think twice about saving files.
However, studies found that digital hoarders experience increased levels of stress and now researchers are observing that the negative consequences of digital hoarding may be similar to those ____ (53) ____ hoarding. ____ (54) ____, it's important to set time aside to have a good clear-out in the same way we do in the physical world. By organizing and ____ (55) ____ useless files in s regular way, people with this problem can case some of their distress and clear their own mind as well.
41. A. stocking B. binding C. living D. parting
42. A. reluctance B. eagerness C. perspective D. fantasy
43. A. obstacle B. boost C. urge D. stream
44. A. substantially B. frequently C. autonomously D. rarely
45. A. transmitted B. closed C. attached D. assigned
46. A. flowers B. texts C. gifts D. letters
47. A. regulated B. categorized C. integrated D. stimulated
48. A. rigid B. generous C. patriotic D. systematic
49. A. disengaged B. enthusiastic C. reliable D. discriminated
50. A. appeals B. conflicts C. issues D. ties
51. A. access B. concern C. desire D. excuse
52. A. multiple B. secure C. limitless D. meaningless
53. A. massive B. regular C. casual D. physical
54. A. Instead B. However C. Otherwise D. Therefore
55. A. making use of B. taking care of C. getting rid of D. getting used to
参考答案
2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷
21．A 22．A 23．D 24．D 25．A 26．B 27．B 28．A 29．A 30．C 31．B 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．D
2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模英语试题
41．C 42．D 43．A 44．B 45．B 46．C 47．D 48．D 49．A 50．C 51．B 52．C 53．D 54．B 55．A
2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷
41. B 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. B
51. A 52. D 53. D 54. B 55. C
2023届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试题
41-55: CABDB ACBBC ABDBD
2023届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试题
41- 45 DACDC 46-50 BBDAD 51-55 ACDDC

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