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2022—2023 学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷（新高考）（公共版）
英语试题
（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the man plan to go this year
A. Europe. B. Asia. C. South America.
2. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Clean the floor. B. Sit in Row 5. C. Drop glass bottles.
3. What does the woman mean
A. She wants to go swimming.
B. She is busy with her project.
C. She will have a test tomorrow.
4. What will the man probably do next
A. Get a spare key. B. Borrow some books. C. Help his neighbor.
5. How many people will visit London for free
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Where are the speakers
A. At the man’s house. B. In a shop. C. At an exhibition.
7. Which picture was painted by George Anderson
A. The Swiss Mountains.
B. The Lovely Windows.
C. The Summer Flowers.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. Why does the man feel sorry
A. He didn’t keep an appointment.
B. He can’t look after his mother.
C. He is too busy to go to hospital.
9. What’s the woman’s attitude toward the man
A. Sorry. B. Understanding. C. Thankful.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What is the problem with the woman’s watch
A. It needs a new battery. B. It is ruined by water. C. It needs cleaning.
11. What does the store offer if one changes a battery there
A. An extra battery. B. A one-year guarantee. C. Free cleaning service.
12. Why can’t the woman get her watch back right away
A. The store will close soon.
B. She hasn’t got enough money.
C. The man is very busy now.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. Who might the speakers be
A. Police officers. B. Observers. C. Passengers.
14. What did the old lady say
A. She didn’t see anything.
B. The traffic lights broke down.
C. The red car was driving very fast.
15. What were the kids doing when the accident happened
A. Crossing the street.
B. Playing in their front yard.
C. Standing on the street corner.
16. What caused the accident according to Mr. Bates
A. The red car. B. The dog. C. The blue car.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. When does the volleyball club meet
A. On Thursday evening. B. On Sunday morning. C. On Sunday evening.
18. At what time does the meeting finish
A. 7:30. B. 9:30. C. 10:00.
19. What is the 30 used for
A. Heating. B. Hall rental. C. Sweaters.
20. Why does the speaker leave this message
A. To arrange a weekly meeting.
B. To recommend a sports programme.
C. To answer Marco Taylor’s questions.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bangkok (曼谷) developed around the Chao Phraya River. Many of the city’s hotels sit along the river. The areas of Siam and Ratchaprasong are the core of tourist Bangkok. Sukhumvit Road is home to mall after mall filled with every kind of shop.
For the best value, luxury (奢华的) hotels in the Bang Rak and Sathorn Districts are great choices since the area is more popular for office buildings than tourists. The Sathorn Vista, Bangkok is a perfect example. There are several restaurants, a full gym, a beautiful pool and outdoor areas.
Traditionally, the Khao San Road area has been the center of Bangkok budget lodging (住宿) and this is still true today. The Dang Derm Hotel on Khao San Road has clean, large rooms and a really nice rooftop pool. If you’re on a budget but want to stay riverside, try the Ibis Bangkok Riverside, whose contents are always clean and well-managed. The riverside location is close to the ferry, and its location a bit south of the main tourist area gets you very low prices.
Mandarin Oriental, Bangkok is a great family hotel. The hotel, which has buildings on both sides of the Chao Phraya river, has been providing accommodation to travelers since 1876. For families there are a number of connecting room choices, and the hotel is also responsible for bringing in extra beds for children. There is a kids’ club on-site, and parents can even sign older kids up for cooking classes. Another good option for families is Ariyasomvilla. This downtown Bangkok small hotel also offers a pleasant place in the city. It is set inside a beautiful garden and is a lovely change from the disorder of the city.
21. In which area of Bangkok can you find a hotel on a budget
A. The Sukhumvit Road.
B. The Khao San Road area.
C. The Siam and Ratchaprason areas.
D. The Bang Rak and Sathorn Districts.
22. Which of the following does Mandarin Oriental, Bangkok provide
A. A quiet garden-like environment.
B. Registered kid schooling classes.
C. Room-connecting choices.
D. Wonderful economical lodging.
23. How many kinds of hotels are introduced in the text
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
B
Amanda Gorman, a 22-year-old poet, recited her poem The Hill We Climb at the recent Presidential Inauguration (就职) Ceremony. Her words and performance were wonderful and were admired across the world. But what is even more wonderful is the story of how Amanda arrived at this moment and the lessons she offers other kids around the world.
Amanda was raised by a single mother, Joan Wicks, in Los Angeles. There was very limited television watching in their house. Encouraged by her mother, who was a teacher, Amanda fell in love with reading and writing. She gained confidence in these areas. Her passion for poetry started when she was about 8 years old.
But despite her interests and talents, she had some obstacles. Amanda has a listening processing disorder and is very sensitive to sound. She also had a speech disorder during childhood. This caused her to participate in speech treatment which helped her to turn her obstacles into gifts and strengths. As she told The Harvard Gazette in 2018, “I always saw it as a strength because since I was experiencing these obstacles in terms of my listening and speech skills, I became really good at reading and writing.”
Amanda started to dream of becoming president when she was in 6th grade. As Amanda became more confident, she became more driven to transform the world for good. She went on to earn a degree at Harvard University. And then, Amanda became the world’s first Youth Poet Laureate (获奖者) in history!
While Amanda looked calm, cool, and collected at the inauguration, she admits she is always nervous, like many of us, about public speaking. To ease this, she developed a spell that she recites to give herself confidence in moments of doubt, “I am the daughter of black writers. We are descendants (子孙) of freedom fighters who broke through chains and changed the world.”
24. What do we know about Amanda Gorman
A. She took to reading and writing thanks to her teacher.
B. She published her first poem at the age of 8.
C. She read a poem at a presidential inauguration.
D. She became the first Youth Poet Laureate at high school.
25. What does the underlined word “obstacles” mean in paragraph 3
A. Disabilities. B. Changes. C. Strengths. D. Worries.
26. How did Amanda overcome her nervousness about public speech
A. By reciting a special sentence to herself.
B. By practicing the speech context repeatedly.
C. By seeking support from some black writers.
D. By talking to freedom fighters before the speech.
27. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To share a funny story. B. To educate disabled kids.
C. To record a wonderful moment. D. To encourage more children.
C
Felix Ruppert and Alexander Badri-Sprowitz at the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems in Stuttgart, Germany, designed a half-metre-high robot called Morti and gave it the ability to teach itself how to walk, rather than to perform a pre-programmed step. The four-legged robot took only an hour to learn how to walk steadily, roughly the same amount of time as newborn horses need. And it’s the first time that a machine learning technique has been so successfully applied to four-legged robots.
Morti is controlled by an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm (算法) that doesn’t have much information about the robot’s legs, such as the exact shape of each element. “The AI, working like the central nervous system, gives walking instructions for Morti to follow. It then adjusts (调整) them based on readings from foot sensors that signal when the robot falls and loses contact with the ground. Initially (最初), Morti falls down, but after about an hour the AI finds the best way to make it walk,” said Ruppert.
Because the AI learns rather than computing details of each leg’s movement in advance, which can use a lot of energy, Morti walks using 42 percent less energy than when it first starts at the end of an hour-long learning process. Morti’s process copies the way baby animals learn to move, as they also find the most efficient way to use their muscles by trying and initially tripping.
Dhireesha Kudithipudi at The University of Texas at San Antonio said that AI robots can often learn a specific task very well but can’t readjust when the environment changes and that Morti’s design, which relies on continually adjusting the robot’s movements, may perform better in that regard. Ruppert said he and the team are working on adding more sensors and range of motion to Morti to make it a more animal-like robot.
28. What is special about Morti
A. It is pre-programmed to walk.
B. It can learn to walk by itself.
C. It is the first four-legged robot.
D. It can help teach the newborns.
29. Which part of Morti is stressed in paragraph 2
A. Its body structure.
B. Its design concept.
C. Its learning process.
D. Its working conditions.
30. How does the AI’s learning ability benefit Morti
A. By predicting Morti’s leg movements.
B. By training Morti’s muscles to the best.
C. By lowering Morti’s energy consumption.
D. By strengthening Morti’s bond with others.
31. What is Dhireesha Kudithipudi’s attitude toward Morti
A. Doubtful. B. Concerned. C. Indifferent. D. Positive.
D
Have you heard of Hispanic Heritage Month (拉美裔文化月) We break down this monthlong celebration from September 15 to October 15 that recognizes the different Hispanic community in the United States and the varied and meaningful contributions they bring to our country and culture.
According to the Hispanic Heritage Month (拉美裔文化月) official website, it is observed “by celebrating the histories, cultures, and contributions of Americans whose ancestors came from Spain, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Central and South America”. For generations, Hispanics have contributed to the food, music, business, science, and culture that we know as American, and the 30 days that make up Hispanic Heritage Month each fall is just one opportunity to show these achievements.
Hispanics are the country’s second-largest racial group, behind white non-Hispanics according to the latest 2020 census (普查). Hispanics now account for 18.7 percent of the U.S. population, up 2.4 percent in the previous decade with 62.1 million Hispanics living across America with big concentrations in New York, California, Texas and Florida.
Hispanic Heritage Month first started as a week when it was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1968. According to Congressional history, the week was created to bring attention and awareness to “Hispanic-American contributions to the United States”, along with networking opportunities for “grassroots and civil rights activists inside and outside the Hispanic-American community”.
Almost 20 years later, Representative Esteban Torres of California, a proud Mexican-American, gave a bill to expand it into Hispanic Heritage Month saying supporters of the bill “want the American people to learn of our heritage. We want the public to know that we share a legacy (遗产) with the rest of the country, a legacy that includes artists, writers, Olympic champions, and leaders in business, government, cinema, and science”. That bill didn’t pass, but Senator Paul Simon of Illinois gave a similar bill that President Ronald Reagan signed into law after that in 1988 creating now what Hispanic Heritage Month is.
32. What is the aim of Hispanic Heritage Month
A. To pass the values of Hispanics.
B. To celebrate the harvest of each fall.
C. To display the achievements made by Hispanics.
D. To honor the first generation of Hispanics in America.
33. Which racial group is the largest in America
A. People from Spain. B. White non-Hispanics.
C. Non-white people. D. People from the Caribbean.
34. When did Representative Esteban Torres introduce his bill
A. In 2020. B. In 1968. C. In 1987. D. In 1988.
35. Which might be the best title for the text
A. Where do Hispanics Come from
B. What is Hispanic Heritage Month in America
C. Why do People Create Hispanic Heritage Month
D. How do People Celebrate Hispanic Heritage Month
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people cry during movies, while others only tear up for very sad or happy moments. Sometimes, we even cry randomly. 36 Each has its own job and flows from your tear ducts (泪腺) for a different reason.
37 But if you tear up frequently for no reason, it might be a sign of a serious condition. If you notice that you’re crying every day during normal activities, you may have depression. If you think you have depression, talk to your doctor right away to find the right treatment for you.
If someone begins to cry in front of you, your reaction may come from the discomfort you feel in this situation. Though you may not mean to, your response could cause the person who is crying to feel weak, embarrassed, or less understood. Instead of rushing to cheer a crier up or offer immediate help, sometimes it’s best to give a person space to cry. 38
If you’re around someone who is crying, respect their tears. Let them release (释放) their feelings and show them you care. Don’t rush to offer advice or to say anything at all. Give them space to process and release their tears. 39 Let them think and organize their thoughts. Accept the way they respond in the moment. Don’t push them to feel a different way.
It’s best not to hold in emotions all the time. 40 If you need to control a cry, try to hold back your tears just until you’re in a better place for them. This way you won’t suppress (压抑) your emotions altogether.
A. Don’t talk too much.
B. We cry different types of tears.
C. Then how can we deal with crying
D. Crying can be normal in certain situations.
E. Sometimes tears are needed to process emotion.
F. We should pay attention to your emotional problems.
G. However, sometimes it’s important to hold back tears.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“Do you need a vase for your purple carnations (康乃馨) ” a gentle voice 41 me in my hospital bed. It was one of those few 42 moments when no one else was in the room with me and I had slipped into sleep. Usually the room was full of 43 and their families.
“Yes, these are from a special friend,” I 44 to sit up in spite of my weak body. She was a cleaner and while clearing the desk beside my bed, she 45 the flowers. But why would she care And she said “purple carnations” 46 .
I asked her if she likes flowers. Her eyes lit up and she spoke in excited 47 . She loves flowers so much that every flower in her garden each day gets a special hug and 48 from her before she leaves for work. My God! I can’t believe it!
I told her that I’ve been 49 a lot of flowers from my relatives and usually I had them delivered to the nurse station. And I decided to give her the purple carnations just because of her
50 about flowers.
She was in great 51 . But being the nice person she is, she still tried to 52 me to have half of them and she would happily take the rest home. I asked her if she could 53 them with others instead. She was doubly happy.
She left, came back and said, “I will be thinking of you whenever I see purple.” I almost 54 . Such goodwill for something so 55 I was really amazed and impressed by this cleaner!
41. A. awoke B. interrupted C. bothered D. surprised
42. A. important B. moving C. rare D. painful
43. A. cleaners B. doctors C. nurses D. patients
44. A. happened B. managed C. pretended D. refused
45. A. gave out B. chanced upon C. dealt with D. held back
46. A. specifically B. fluently C. willingly D. bravely
47. A. dances B. shouts C. whispers D. bursts
48. A. shower B. feed C. bye D. greeting
49. A. buying B. receiving C. requesting D. borrowing
50. A. imagination B. knowledge C. craziness D. opinion
51. A. delight B. panic C. shock D. need
52. A. remind B. inspire C. prepare D. convince
53. A. organise B. plant C. struggle D. share
54. A. laughed B. slept C. choked D. hesitated
55. A. small B. strange C. kind D. unbelievable
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Air pollution has largely gone under-reported by the media, yet despite 56 (it) silent nature, it’s a killer. According to the Royal Colleges of Physicians and Pediatrics and Child Health, air pollution leads to 40,000 early 57 (death) a year. The trouble is that it’s an indirect killer, which makes the issue hard to examine — meaning the actual figure could be much 58 (high).
Then how can we measure and end such a problem The answer is 59 (surprising) simple. Diesel (柴油) is the largest contributor of nitrogen oxides (氮氧化合物) and around 40 million people in the UK live in areas 60 (pollute) by diesel. We need to stop the production of diesel vehicles as soon as possible, and replace older diesel models 61 eco-friendly alternatives, such as electric vehicles. Apart from ammonia (氨) farming, pollution is actually decreasing globally — except for cities, 62 it’s on the rise. In London, nearly 10,000 people died due to the capital’s harmful air, so 63 (create) clean air zones where high-polluting vehicles 64 (ban) would decrease these harmful gases. By moving towards more greenery on rooftops, parks and city centers, big cities could easily remove 65 problem. The answers are there; we just have to start.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
你校某社团正在开展以“How to Spread Chinese Culture in English”为主题的英语线上交流活动。请你写一则帖子，谈谈你的看法。内容包括：
1. 推荐做法；
2. 你的期待。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Tina was a 13-year-old girl. She was playing in the yard one morning when she overheard her parents’ dialogue. Her father, a sheepherder who raised hundreds of sheep, was going to the nearest town to do some urgent things. He suggested that Tina should herd (放牧) the sheep while he was away. But her mother, a disabled woman, doubted whether Tina could do that.
Hearing this, Tina stepped into her parents’ room. “Mom, I can herd the sheep. I have grown up,” said Tina, full of expectation. Her parents smiled and agreed. After putting some bread and water into her bag as lunch, Tina drove the sheep out of sheepfold (羊圈), walking them south to a distant grassland. Her mother repeatedly told her that she didn’t have to herd the sheep until the sunset like her father did. But Tina had made up her mind to prove that she had grown up.
It was the first time that Tina had herded the sheep. That day seemed much longer than any other day before. The sun seemed to have stopped in the middle of the sky. The bread was eaten up soon and so was the water. So after some hesitation, Tina finally decided to drive the sheep back home while the sun was still high in the west.
Tina’s father was waiting outside the sheepfold, as if he had expected all that. He smiled at Tina but Tina just kept her head down. The sheep soon got into the sheepfold. Tina was about to shut the door when her father told her to count the sheep in case that some sheep were lost. Tina followed her father’s orders despite her unwillingness.
The sheep were not cooperative (配合的) at all. They were coming and going. Tina counted the sheep three times but each was a different number. She tried again and again and at last she told her father that she had lost three. Her father was not angry but said, “Three Are you kidding ” Tina felt so guilty that she turned around immediately and went to look for the missing sheep and the pride as well.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。2022—2023 学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷（新高考）（公共版）
英 语 答 题 卡
第Ⅰ卷 选择题
第一部分：听力
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
[ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ]
[ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ]
[ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ]
第二部分：阅读
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
[ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ]
[ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ]
[ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ]
[ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ]
[ E ] [ E ] [ E ] [ E ] [ E ]
[ F ] [ F ] [ F ] [ F ] [ F ]
[ G ] [ G ] [ G ] [ G ] [ G ]
第三部分：语言运用（第一节）
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
[ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ]
[ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ]
[ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ]
[ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ]
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题
第三部分：语言运用（第二节）
请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！
第四部分：写作
第一节
第二节
请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！
准 考 证 号
[ 0 ] [ 0 ] [ 0 ] [ 0 ] [ 0 ] [ 0 ] [ 0 ] [ 0 ] [ 0 ]
[ 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 1 ]
[ 2 ] [ 2 ] [ 2 ] [ 2 ] [ 2 ] [ 2 ] [ 2 ] [ 2 ] [ 2 ]
[ 3 ] [ 3 ] [ 3 ] [ 3 ] [ 3 ] [ 3 ] [ 3 ] [ 3 ] [ 3 ]
[ 4 ] [ 4 ] [ 4 ] [ 4 ] [ 4 ] [ 4 ] [ 4 ] [ 4 ] [ 4 ]
[ 5 ] [ 5 ] [ 5 ] [ 5 ] [ 5 ] [ 5 ] [ 5 ] [ 5 ] [ 5 ]
[ 6 ] [ 6 ] [ 6 ] [ 6 ] [ 6 ] [ 6 ] [ 6 ] [ 6 ] [ 6 ]
[ 7 ] [ 7 ] [ 7 ] [ 7 ] [ 7 ] [ 7 ] [ 7 ] [ 7 ] [ 7 ]
[ 8 ] [ 8 ] [ 8 ] [ 8 ] [ 8 ] [ 8 ] [ 8 ] [ 8 ] [ 8 ]
[ 9 ] [ 9 ] [ 9 ] [ 9 ] [ 9 ] [ 9 ] [ 9 ] [ 9 ] [ 9 ]
注 意 事 项
1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名，准考证号填写清楚，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号，在规定位置贴好条形码。
2.选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；填空题和解答题必须用0.5mm黑色签字笔答题，不得用铅笔或圆珠笔答题；字体工整、笔迹清晰。
3.请按题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破。
姓 名 　　　　　 　　
贴 条 形 码 区
考生 缺考考生，监考员用2B
禁填 铅笔填涂左面的缺考标记
填涂样例 正确填涂
56. ________________________________ 57. ________________________________
58. ________________________________ 59. ________________________________
60. ________________________________ 61. ________________________________
62. ________________________________ 63. ________________________________
64. ________________________________ 65. ________________________________2022—2023 学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷答案详解（新高考）（公共版）
英语试题
第一部分 听力
1—5 CABAC 6—10 BCABA 11—15 BCACB 16—20 CABBC
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了泰国曼谷三种各有特色的酒店及其住宿的相关信息。
21. B 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Traditionally, the Khao San Road area has been the center of Bangkok budget lodging (住宿) and this is still true today.”和第三句中的“If you’re on a budget but want to stay riverside, try the Ibis Bangkok Riverside”可知，如果你想要节省费用，你可以在Khao San Road附近找到经济型酒店。故选B。
22. C 细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“For families there are a number of connecting room choices, and the hotel is also responsible for bringing in extra beds for children.”可知，曼谷 Mandarin Oriental酒店给各个家庭提供连通房选择。故选C。
23. B 细节理解题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了曼谷地区可供游客们选择的三种各有特色的酒店，包括豪华酒店、平价酒店和家庭酒店。故选B。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Amanda Gorman在总统就职仪式上朗诵自己的原创诗歌及她取得这一荣誉背后的故事。
24. C 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Amanda Gorman, a 22-year-old poet, recited her poem The Hill We Climb at the recent Presidential Inauguration (就职) Ceremony.”可知，Amanda Gorman在最近的总统就职仪式上朗诵了自己的一首原创诗歌。故选C。
25. A 词义猜测题。根据第三段第二、三句“Amanda has a listening processing disorder and is very sensitive to sound. She also had a speech disorder during childhood.”可知，Amanda有听力障碍，而且幼时还曾有语言障碍；再结合画线词所在句中的“despite her interests and talents”可知，此处表示尽管她有兴趣和天赋，但她也有一些障碍。由此可推知，obstacles应意为“障碍”，与A项意思相近。故选A。
26. A 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句中的“To ease this, she developed a spell that she recites to give herself confidence in moments of doubt”可知，Amanda通过背诵一句特殊的话来缓解自己的紧张情绪。故选A。
27. D 目的意图题。通读全文尤其第一段最后一句可知，文章主要讲述了Amanda Gorman在总统就职仪式上朗诵了自己的一首原创诗歌及她取得这一荣誉背后的故事。由此可推知，作者想要通过这个故事来激励更多的孩子向Amanda Gorman学习。故选D。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款可以像刚出生的马一样只用一小时就学会走路的四条腿的机器人。
28. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“a half-metre-high robot called Morti and gave it the ability to teach itself how to walk”可知，Morti可以自己学习走路。故选B。
29. C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The AI ... gives walking instructions for Morti to follow ... Initially, Morti falls down, but after about an hour the AI finds the best way to make it walk”可知，这个人工智能像中枢神经系统一样，它会给Morti发出行走指令。然后，当Morti摔倒，（脚）和地面失去接触时，它会根据脚传感器的读数调整指令。一开始，Morti会摔倒，但大约一个小时后，人工智能找到了使Morti行走的最好方式。因此本段主要强调的是Morti的学习过程。故选C。
30. C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Because the AI learns ... using 42 percent less energy than when it first starts at the end of an hour-long learning process.”可知，因为人工智能学习而不是预先计算每个腿部运动的细节（这可能会消耗大量的能量），Morti在一个小时的学习过程结束后，比刚开始走路时少用了42%的能量。也就是说，人工智能的学习能力减少了Morti的能量消耗。故选C。
31. D 观点态度题。根据题干中的“Dhireesha Kudithipudi”可将解题信息定位至最后一段。根据最后一段中的“Dhireesha Kudithipudi ... Morti’s design, which relies on continually adjusting the robot’s movements, may perform better in that regard.”可知，Dhireesha Kudithipudi表示，人工智能机器人通常可以很好地学习一项特定任务，但无法在环境变化时重新调整。Morti的设计依赖于不断调整机器人的运动，因此它在这方面可能会表现得更好。由此可知，Dhireesha Kudithipudi对Morti应是持肯定的态度的。故选D。
D篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国拉美裔文化月的概况及其起源。
32. C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“For generations, Hispanics have contributed to the food, music, business, science, and culture that we know as American, and the 30 days that make up Hispanic Heritage Month each fall is just one opportunity to show these achievements.”可知，拉美裔的几代人为我们所熟知的美式食物、音乐、商业、科学和文化做出了贡献，每年秋季组成拉美裔传统月的那30天就是一个展示这些成就的机会。故选C。
33. B 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Hispanics are the country’s second-largest racial group, behind white non-Hispanics according to the latest 2020 census (普查).”可知，根据最新的2020年人口普查，拉美裔是美国第二大族群，其人数仅次于非拉美裔白人。由此可推知，非拉美裔白人是美国的第一大族群。故选B。
34. D 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Hispanic Heritage Month first started as a week when it was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1968.”及最后一段第一句中的“Almost 20 years later, Representative Esteban Torres of California, a proud Mexican-American, gave a bill to expand it into Hispanic Heritage Month saying supporters of the bill ...”可知，1968年，Lyndon B. Johnson总统将拉美裔文化月写入法律，最初（的拉美裔文化月）为期一个星期；差不多20年后，加利福尼亚州众议员Esteban Torres提出了一项将其扩展到拉美裔文化月的法案。由此可推知，Esteban Torres应是在1988年提出的该法案。故选D。
35. B 标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国拉美裔文化月的概况及其起源。B项“什么是拉美裔文化月？”能概括文章大意，适合作本文的标题。故选B。
第二节
本文是一篇说明文。人们会因为不同的原因而流泪，在某些情况下，哭泣是正常的。但如果你经常无缘无故地流泪，这可能是一种病情严重的征兆。那么应该如何对待流泪呢？本文提出了一些行之有效的方法。
36. B 空前讲有时候我们会莫名其妙地哭；空后讲每种（眼泪）都有自己的职责，并出于不同的原因从你的泪腺流出。B项“我们会流出不同类型的眼泪”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
37. D 空后讲但如果你经常无缘无故地流泪，这可能是病情严重的一种征兆。如果你发现自己每天日常生活中都在哭泣，你可能患有抑郁症。D项“在某些情况下，哭泣是正常的”引出下文，符合语境。故选D。
38. E 空前讲有时候，不要急着让一个哭的人高兴起来或立即提供帮助，最好给他哭的空间。E项“有时候情绪是需要用眼泪来处理的”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
39. A 空前讲给他们空间来处理和缓解他们的眼泪；空后讲让他们思考和组织他们的想法。A项“不要说太多话”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
40. G 空前讲最好不要总是压抑（自己的）情绪；空后讲如果你需要控制哭泣，试着忍住眼泪，直到你找到更适合（哭泣）的地方。G项“然而，有时候忍住眼泪是很重要的”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者把住院期间收到的一些康乃馨送给了一位爱花的清洁工的故事。
41. A 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“I had slipped into sleep”可知，作者正在睡觉时，一个温柔的声音叫醒了作者。A项意为“叫醒，唤醒”，符合语境。故选A。
42. C考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“Usually the room was full of and their families.”可知，平时病房里有很多人，而现在是少见的没有其他人的时候。C项意为“少见的”，符合语境。故选C。
43. D 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“and their families”及常识可知，病房里通常有病人和他们的家人。D项意为“病人”，符合语境。故选D。
44. B 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“in spite of my weak body”可知，尽管作者身体虚弱，但他仍然设法坐起来。manage to do sth.意为“设法做某事”，符合语境。故选B。
45. B 考查动词短语辨析。根据上文“while clearing the desk beside my bed”及语境可推知，清洁工在整理桌子的时候偶然发现了这些康乃馨。B项意为“偶然发现”，符合语境。故选B。
46. A 考查副词辨析。根据上文“Do you need a vase for your purple carnations (康乃馨) ”及语境可知，作者很好奇为什么清洁工会这么在意这些康乃馨，并且还具体地说出“紫色康乃馨”。A项意为“具体地”，符合语境。故选A。
47. D 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“Her eyes lit up”及语境可知，这位清洁工听到作者问她是否喜欢花后，说了很多关于花的事情。D项意为“（情感或活动的）突然爆发”，此处表示这位清洁工滔滔不绝地跟作者讲述她对花的喜爱。故选D。
48. C 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“before she leaves for work”可知，这位清洁工会在上班前和她养的花拥抱告别。C项意为“告别”，符合语境。故选C。
49. B 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，作者在住院期间收到了很多亲戚送来的花。B项意为“收到”，符合语境。故选B。
50. C 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“She loves flowers so much”可知，作者对于清洁工对花的热爱感到吃惊，所以决定把这些康乃馨送给她。C项意为“热爱，狂热”，符合语境。故选C。
51. A 考查名词辨析。根据下文“She was doubly happy.”及语境可知，作者要送花给清洁工，她非常高兴。A项意为“高兴”，符合语境。故选A。
52. D 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“she would happily take the rest home”及语境可知，清洁工劝作者留下一半的花，然后自己把剩下的花带走。D项意为“劝说，说服”，符合语境。故选D。
53. D 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“them with others instead”可知，作者是想让清洁工分享一些花给其他人。D项意为“分享”，符合语境。故选D。
54. C考查动词辨析。根据语境及下文中的“I was really amazed”可知，作者对清洁工说的话感到非常惊讶。C项意为“说不出话，噎住”，此处表示作者因感到震惊而说不出话来。故选C。
55. A 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“I was really amazed and impressed by this cleaner!”及语境可知，作者对清洁工说的话感到非常惊讶。作者认为自己微不足道的小举动却收到了清洁工如此大的善意。A项意为“小的”，符合语境。故选A。
第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了空气污染导致死亡的问题，并提出了测量和解决空气污染问题的方法。
56. its 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词短语“silent nature”。故填its。
57. deaths 考查名词的单复数。根据空前的“40,000”可知，此处应用可数名词death的复数形式。故填deaths。
58. higher 考查形容词的比较等级。根据空前的“much”并结合句意可知，此处应用形容词high的比较级形式。故填higher。
59. surprisingly 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰形容词“simple”。故填surprisingly。
60. polluted 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词live，此处应用非谓语动词；且逻辑主语“areas”与动词pollute之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作“areas”的后置定语。故填polluted。
61. with 考查介词。replace ... with ...为固定搭配，意为“用……替代……”。故填with。
62. where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是cities，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
63. creating 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动名词形式作主语。故填creating。
64. are banned 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意可知，此处描述的是一般性事实，时态应用一般现在时；主语“vehicles”与动词ban之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语“vehicles”为复数形式，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填are banned。
65. the 考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处特指空气污染问题，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
第四部分 写作
第一节
参考范文：
How to Spread Chinese Culture in English
As is known to us all, one important purpose of learning English is to spread Chinese culture. To achieve this, we should pay attention to the following aspects.
First, we must take pride in our culture genuinely, which enables us to get it known to more foreigners actively and confidently. Second, we should familiarize ourselves with diverse Chinese customs and traditions. Last but not least, our English speaking and writing skills have to be improved. Only in this way can we spread Chinese culture effectively and efficiently.
I hope we all realize the importance of this task and work hard to introduce our motherland to the world by spreading our culture.
第二节
参考范文：
Paragraph 1:
It was getting dark and Tina walked along the path to the grassland in search of the sheep. Tina searched everywhere she could think of, but in vain. The grass and jungle along the path seemed like beasts that were ready to attack her. Tina might lack the courage to walk in such a dark night before, but not that night. After 3 hours’ searching, she was exhausted. So she went back home. Her parents were sitting on the bed, seeming to be waiting for her. Tina gathered her courage and said in a low voice, “Dad, I failed. I didn’t find them back.”
Paragraph 2:
“No, you didn’t lose them,” her father said calmly, much to her surprise. He then told her the best time to count the sheep was when they were getting into the sheepfold through the door. Tina said she was too stupid to think of that. But her mother comforted her, saying that her father followed all the way to make sure Tina was safe. Tina was so touched and went forward to hug her parents. They smiled and patted Tina, “We are proud of you. You have really grown up!”
听力材料
Text 1
W: Are you going to Europe for your vacation this year
M: No, we go there every year and we have already been to Asia a couple of times. But we have never been to South America, so we are going there.
Text 2
W: Hey, Steven. Can you please go over to Row Five Someone dropped some glass bottles on the floor and there is a huge mess over there.
M: Sure thing, Mrs. Smith. I will go clean that up right away.
Text 3
M: Have you been to the new swimming pool since it opened
W: Are you kidding Tomorrow is the deadline for my project.
Text 4
W: What’s the problem Don’t you have your apartment key
M: It’s a good thing I leave a spare (备用的；多余的) key with my neighbor. I am going to stop by and ask him for it, so I can get in and get my books.
Text 5
W: I’m so excited.
M: Any good news
W: Jimmy and I got the chance to visit London with another two people for free.
Text 6
W: You have some lovely paintings for sale. Can you tell me who painted the one in your shop window It’s amazing.
M: The oil painting of the Swiss Mountains
W: That’s beautiful as well. But I meant the one below it.
M: Oh, the Summer Flowers — that’s by George Anderson. Look, there is a picture of him here in the magazine.
Text 7
M: Helen, I want to have a word with you.
W: Is it about the appointment yesterday evening Forget it! It doesn’t really matter.
M: But I must say sorry to you. I didn’t mean to break my word. I was about to leave home when my mother suddenly passed out (昏迷). I took her to the hospital and looked after her all night. It was not until this morning that I remembered my date with you.
W: Oh, I’m sorry to hear that. Is she OK now
M: She’s all right. But I’m terribly sorry to have kept you waiting last night!
W: I quite understand. It’s not your fault, but don’t forget to call me up next time if you can’t come.
Text 8
W: Excuse me, my watch stopped running, and I am not sure what’s wrong with it.
M: Well, let me look at it. Hmm, it seems that it just needs a new battery.
W: Oh, really I got some water on it last week and I was afraid that it might ruin the watch. How much is a new battery
M: It’s $5, and we not only change a battery but also guarantee it for a year. And if you have the watch cleaned here, we can guarantee it for an additional (额外的；附加的) three months.
W: That sounds like a good deal. I’ll get my battery here. When will it be ready
M: Usually I can do it right away but now I’m repairing lots of watches. Can you leave your watch here until 5 pm
W: OK, see you then.
Text 9
W: Hi, Bob. Did you talk to all of the witnesses (目击者) to the car accident
M: Yes. An old lady was standing on the street corner when the accident happened. She said that it was the red car’s fault. It was driving very fast and then quickly stopped when the traffic light changed.
W: What did the kids say
M: The kids were playing in their front yard, and they said that they didn’t see anything.
W: Did the neighbors see anything
M: One neighbor, Mr. Jones, said that he saw a dog run out into the street in front of the car.
W: Hmm. No one else mentioned a dog. Did you talk to Mr. Bates He is the man who was selling newspapers on the street corner.
M: Oh, yeah. He said it was the blue car’s fault.
W: Really
M: Yeah. He said that the man in the blue car wasn’t paying attention. When the red car stopped, he didn’t notice until it was too late. He was the one who hit the red car.
W: Wow! Did they all see the same accident They all remember something different.
Text 10
M: This is a message for Marco Taylor. My name is David Wilson. I’m sorry I missed your call. I know you want some information about the volleyball club. The club meets once a week, on Thursday evening. There are sometimes matches on Sunday morning, but those are just for our players. Our meetings begin at 7:30, and are about two hours long. Most people like to get home in time for the sports programme on television at ten o’clock. We meet in Jubilee Hall, just in the Park Street. The hall doesn’t have very good heating, so you’ll need to bring a sweater to put on afterwards. The hall is quite expensive to rent so we need to pay 30 each week. I hope this answers your questions and we’ll be very pleased to see you at our next meeting.

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