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(共24张PPT)
Grammar
Revise the Infinitive
1. The definition of infinitive
不定式由“to + do (动词原形)”构成, 其否定形式是“not to do”, 不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语, 没有人称和数的变化, 但有时态和语态的变化。
2. The tense and voice of infinitive
形 式 主 动 被 动
一般式
进行式
完成式
完成进行式
to do
to have done
to be doing
to have been
doing
to be done
to have been done
表示具体的即将的动作
表示动作正在进行的动作
表示已经完成的动作
表示动作已经发生且还在进行中
1). I am glad _______(see) you.
2). He pretended ___________________(work) hard when his boss passed him.
3). The novel is believed ________________________(translate )into Chinese.
4). It is an honor for me _________________ to attend the meeting.
5). The battle was said___________________(go) on for two days.
to see
to be working
to have been translated
to be invited
to have been going
Application
3. The functions of infinitive
1). 主语 (subject)
2). 表语 (predicative)
3). 宾语 (object)
4). 宾补 (object complement)
5). 定语 (attribute)
6). 状语 (adverbial)
7). 独立结构 (absolute construction)
1).To learn a foreign language is difficult.
(=It’s difficult to learn a foreign language.)
(=He thinks it difficult to learn a foreign language.)
2). He planned to write a book.
3).I have a lot of things to do.
4).He kept the door open to let his dog in by itself.
5).He invited me to go to his birthday party.
6).Your task today is to clean all the rooms in this flat.
7). To tell you the truth, I am not happy at the moment.
（主语）
（宾语）
（定语）
（状语）
（宾补）
（表语）
(独立结构)
Application
4. Attention
1). 不定式做宾补在感官动词和使役动词后时，需省略to, 但若感官动词和使役动词用于被动语态时， 不定式to需还原。
They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree.
=？
The boy was seen to fall suddenly from the tree.
2）. 不定式用在介词but, except, besides后时, 如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式, 那么介词后的不定式不带to,
相反则带to。
She could do nothing but cry.
I have no choice but to go.
What do you like to do besides sleep.
4. Attention
3). 当名词被the first ,the last, the only
等词以及形容词最高级修饰时，使用不定式做定语。
She is always the first to come and the last to leave.
4. Attention
The question is very difficult to answer.
The problem is difficult to deal with.
主语＋be +adj. +to do
4）.主动形式表被动意义的不定式
4. Attention
主语+be +adj. + enough +to do
The box is light enough to carry.
The river water is warm enough to swim in.
主语+be +too +adj. +to do
The books seemed too heavy to carry.
The ice is too thin to skate on.
Consolidation
1. ____ this cake, you’ll need 2 eggs, 175g sugar and 175g flour.
A. Having made
B. Make
C. To make
D. Making
Infinitive
2. Leonardo da Vinci (1452 - 1519) _____
birds kept in cages in order to have the
pleasure of setting them free.
A. is said to be buying
B. is said to have bought
C. had said to buy
D. has said to have bought
Infinitive
3. I like getting up very early in summer.
The morning air is so good _____.
A. to be breathed
B. to breathe
C. breathing
D. being breathed
Infinitive
4. –Did the book give the information you
needed
–Yes. But ______ it, I had to read the
entire book.
A. to find
B. find
C. to finding
D. finding
Infinitive
5. David threatened _______ his neighbor
to the police if the damages were not
paid.
A. to be reported
B. reporting
C. to report
D. having reported
Infinitive
6. With the world changing fast, we have
something new _______ with all by
ourselves every day.
A. deal
B. dealt
C. to deal
D. dealing
Infinitive
7. The children all turned _______ the
famous actress as she entered the
classroom.
A. looked at
B. to look at
C. to looking at
D. look at
Infinitive
8. With Father’s Day around the corner,
I have taken some money out of the
bank ______ presents for my dad.
A. buy
B. to buy
C. buying
D. to have bought
Infinitive
9. There were many talented actors out
there just waiting ____________.
A. to discover
B. to be discovered
C. discovered
D .being discovered
Infinitive
10. We were astonished _______ the temple
still in its original condition.
A. finding
B. to find
C. find
D. to be found
Infinitive
1 爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。
_____________________ are both great happiness.
2 据说他已经完成了他的工作。
He is said _________________________
________.
3 根据报道他们已安全到达。
They are reported ___________________.
To love and to be loved
to have finished/completed
his work
to have arrived safely
Translation
4 我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。
I want this bike _____________________
______________.
5 玛利仿佛已经被告知此事了。
Mary seemed ______________________.
6 众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚
金牌。
He is known _________________ a gold medal at the Olympics.
to be repaired at once
to have been told about it
to have been given
/immediately
Translation
Innovation
Please make up 3-5 sentences with any form of infinitives and share your sentences in class.

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