资源简介

上海市静安、宝山、嘉定、浦东、金山五区
2022-2023届高三一模英语试题汇编
选词填空
2023届上海市静安区高三一模英语试卷
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. favor B. contained C. unseasonable D. consistency E. shifts
F. upset G. contradictory H. air I. torn J. loosely K. stretched
The party may actually be the last stronghold of the dress code, a tradition that is increasingly falling out of ____11____ everywhere, from the workplace to the school. As the power of choice ____12____ away from the institution and toward the individual, the idea of any establishment deciding what is and is not appropriate dress, when dress is so deeply mixed with personal identity, seems increasingly ____13____.
So why do so many hosts think a dress code is a good idea
On the one hand, it does help reduce guests’ confusion and insecurity about what to wear to a special event. And it can help give a party a festive ____14____. There’s something very fun about fancy dresses of a theme. Also, if there are photos involved, a certain ____15____ in dress can create a clear visual effect for the photos.
On the other hand, if the dress code is too unspecific, it only adds to the general what-to-wear confusion, with “dress to impress” being a case in point. Sometimes it involves dresses that seem ____16____ to an individual’s sense of style. Either way, you will feel ____17____ between pleasing your host and pleasing yourself.
When I asked the designer Ulla Johnson about the issue, she admitted that she demanded a dress code at her wedding: everyone in white. But she also said she wasn’t ____18____ at all when some guests asked to be an exception to the rule.
“At this point, I would say dress codes can be ____19____ interpreted,” she said. “Putting on something you don’t love because it obeys a code should be off the table.”
In other words, a party dress code is not the same as a school uniform. It can be _____20_____ to fit each individual. Honey Dijon, the D.J. and musician, likewise believes that open interpretations of dress codes are generally expected, though she has her own solution to the dress code issue.
“Choose something that is related to the theme, such as a shoe or a bag,” she said. “That way, the host is satisfied and you still feel confident.”
2023届上海市宝山区高三一模英语试题
Section B
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A. disturbing B. resources C. altered D. effective E. recorded F. permanently
G. specially H. machines I. signified J. accurately K. impossible
When an endangered seabird hits a power line, it makes a sound “very much like the laser sound from Star Wars,” says conservation biologist Marc Travers. He should know, as his team from the Endangered Seabird Recovery Project ___11___ thousands of hours of audio to determine if power lines affected local seabirds. Travers was trying to help establish how frequently birds are killed by power lines on the island of Kauai in Hawaii in 2011.
His team recorded 600 hours of audio and sent the recordings to Conservation Metrics, a company that assists conservation efforts with AI ___12___. Conservation Metrics used a program to “listen” to the recordings and count the sounds that ___13___ bird electrocutions(电击). The result was ___14___, as the number of bird electrocutions was in the thousands. Armed with proof that power lines were killing a significant number of birds, the team worked with the local utility (公共事业) service to reduce bird deaths.
In science fiction stories such as The Matrix, AI-powered ___15___ take over the world and end life on the planet as we know it. But in reality, programs that use AI to sort through mountains of data might just save some species from disappearing ___16___.
By many measures, humans have been poor managers of the planet. Humans have ___17___ as much as 97 percent of land ecosystems. Key populations of monitored animals have declined as much as 68 percent since 1970. The decline in biodiversity around the world has created a hopeless situation. Conservation efforts lack key resources they need to be ___18___.
Fortunately, humans now have AI-based tools that can help. AI can quickly and ___19___ sort through large amounts of data created by observations in the field. Then other programs such as PAWS (Protection Assistant for Wildlife Security) can help analyze the data and suggest the most effective ways to focus conservation efforts.
In large national parks and wildlife reserves, illegal hunters are a danger for animals both big and small. Some animals are worth a lot of money on the black market. Park rangers are left with a(n) ____20____ task because there is too much land to cover. But the PAWS program allows rangers to focus their efforts. PAWS has even predicted the existence of trap lines in areas not yet checked by rangers!
We still face many challenges to change the loss of wildlife, but AI-powered programs promise to be a powerful conservation tool.
2023届上海市嘉定区高三上学期一模英语试题
Section B (10 分 )
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper -word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A stimulated B. anticipation C. empowering D. initiative E. boost F. prohibiting
G. cited H. integral I. facilitate J. mirror K. instrumental
Helping Eighth Graders Discover a Wider World of Science
Salina Morales, an eighth-grade student, wants to work with animals when she gets older. She was excited and full of____11____ at the prospect of a class visit to the American Museum of Natural History. Salina is among thousands of eighth graders in New York public schools whose science education will be given a(n) ____12____ by a new partnership between the schools and seven of the city’s science-oriented institutions.
The program, called Urban Advantage, aims to provide professional development and resources to teachers, ____13____ class and individual museum visits, and ultimately help eighth graders complete science projects required for graduation. The Museum of Natural History is leading the ____14____.
“The real push behind this project is the crisis in science education, which is a(n) ____15____ part of a student’s learning and growth,” Ellen V. Futter, the president of the Museum of National History, said. According to a report, 43 percent of American eighth graders do not have a basic understanding of science. Among the most frequently____16____ reasons are the inadequacy of teacher education programs and the lack of teaching resources. Too often, the science class is about memorizing facts and does not____17____ the truly exciting process of using scientific methods and tools to observe and analyze natural phenomena. As a result, too few of our children are ____18____ to pursue study or careers in key scientific fields.
Over the course of three years Urban Advantage will reach the city’s entire eighth-grade population. The City Council was ____19____ in developing Urban Advantage, providing more than $1 million funding. “This is a big deal for New York,” the Councilwoman said. It’s very hard to get a new initiative going, but we made it happen because everyone believed in the importance of____20____ science education.
上海市浦东新区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末教学质量检测英语试卷（一模）
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. based B. genuinely C. irrelevant D. outsized E. persist F. previously
G. profile H. reasoning I. shaped J. similar K. subsequent
It happens just about every time I go to a restaurant with my daughter. I open the menu and scan the options. Then I glance at the children’s menu. Oftentimes, the menu is pretty____31____, with the same pasta and tomato sauce. But the items on the children’s menu are usually less expensive, and I’ll think to myself: Wow, good deal.
If I think again for a moment, though, the deal isn’t really a deal. After all, I estimated the cost of the pasta____32____on the adult menu, not on the actual cost of making some bow-tie noodles and serving them with a red sauce.
My faulty____33____is the product of anchoring, a cognitive bias (认知偏差) that can weaken our critical thinking.
According to researchers, anchoring is when people rely on____34____but easily accessible facts to make judgments. Our minds give too much weight to initial impressions or numbers that influence our____35____thoughts. In my case, the prices on the adult menu____36____or anchored my judgment about the value of the items on the children’s menu.
Studies show that anchoring effects____37____no matter how weak the connection between the anchor and the actual decision. One study found that “estimates of an athlete’s performance were influenced by the number on his jersey ( 运 动 衫 ).” In other words, people thought that an athlete with a higher jersey number was better than an athlete with a lower number, all else being equal.
Anchoring affects all kinds of decisions, even those made by experts who should know better. In particular, a recent study shows that anchoring is far more common in the financial world than____38____ believed, with substantial anchoring effects influencing performance in the stock market. A study showed that investors valued firms more highly if the firms had higher stock prices. So, if two companies have the same financial____39____except that Company X has fewer shares at a higher price than Company Y, then Company X’s shares will sell better over the long run than Company Y’s. Why Because the stock price — the anchor — enhances the company’s perceived value.
The phenomenon of anchoring shows that while we think of ourselves as rational and logical beings, unrelated details can have a(n) ____40____influence on our reasoning. The best solution is to improve critical thinking skills. Otherwise, you might be a victim of anchoring, dragged down by your bias, whether you notice it or not.
2023届上海市金山区高三上学期一模英语试卷
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. abandoned B. challenge C. colored D. demonstrate E. ensures
F. initiatives G. innovation H. pilot I. purchased J. recycled K. tailors
Lego: One Step Closer to Being Sustainable
The Lego Group is one step closer to reaching its goal of making all its products from sustainable materials by 2030.
The Danish toymaker revealed a prototype (雏形) brick made from ____11____ plastic. In a news release, Lego said the PET plastic from ____12____ bottles makes up the first brick to meet the company’s “strict quality and safety requirements.” One way the company ____13____ safety is by sourcing materials from suppliers that use processes approved by the US Food & Drug Administration and European Food Safety Authority.
“The biggest ___14___ on our sustainability journey is rethinking and innovating new materials that are as long-lasting, strong and high quality as our existing bricks—and fit with LEGO elements made over the past 60 years,” Lego Group Vice President of Environmental Responsibility Tim Brooks said. “With this prototype we’re able to____15____ the progress we’re making to the public.”
It will be “some time” before bricks made from used materials can be ____16____, Lego said. The company will continue to test and develop the PET formulation (配方) and decide whether to move to the ____17____ production phase, which is expected to take at least a year. One factor the company is testing is how the material can be ____18____.
“Experimentation and failing is an important part of learning and ____19____. Just as kids build, unbuild and rebuild with LEGO bricks at home, we’re doing the same in our lab,” Brooks said.
The move follows last year’s announcement that the company was making a $400 million investment over three years into sustainability ____20____ It included phasing out the single-use plastic bags from its boxes and instead using recyclable paper for its packaging.
答案：
2023届上海市静安区高三一模英语试卷
【答案】11. A 12. E
13. C 14. H
15. D 16. G
17. I 18. F
19. J 20. K
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要阐述作者对着装要求的看法。
【11题详解】
考查名词。句意：派对实际上可能是着装规范的最后堡垒，这一传统在从工作场所到学校的各个地方都越来越不受欢迎。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词，作宾语，favor“喜欢，欢心”，是名词，符合句意。故选A。
【12题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：随着选择权从机构转移到个人，当着装与个人身份如此紧密地交织在一起时，任何机构都会决定什么是合适的，什么是不合适的着装，这种想法似乎越来越不合理分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词，作谓语，这句话描述的是现在的事实，所以谓语用一般现在时，主语是the power of choice，谓语用第三人称单数形式，shifts“转换”，是动词的第三人称单数形式，符合句意。故选E。
【13题详解】
考查形容词。句意：见第2题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词，作表语，unseasonable“不合情理的，不合时宜的”，是形容词，符合句意。故选C。
【14题详解】
考查名词。句意：而且它可以让派对有节日气氛。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词，作宾语，air“气氛”，是名词，符合句意。故选H。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，如果要照相，一定的着装一致性可以为照片创造清晰的视觉效果。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词，作主语，consistency“一致性”，是名词，符合句意。故选D。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有时，这涉及到与个人的时尚感相矛盾的服装。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词，作表语，contradictory“矛盾的”，是形容词，符合句意。故选G。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：不管怎样，你都会在取悦主人和取悦自己之间感到痛苦。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词，作表语，torn“犹豫的，举棋不定的”，是形容词，符合句意。故选I。
18题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但她也表示，当一些客人要求成为这项规定的例外时，她一点也不难过。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词，作表语，upset“不高兴的”，是形容词，符合句意。故选F。
【19题详解】
考查副词。句意：在这一点上，我认为着装规范可以被宽松地解释。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词，作状语，loosely“宽松地”，是副词，符合句意。故选J。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它可以拉伸以适合每个人。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词stretch和主语It是动宾关系，所以这里需要动词的过去分词形式，作表语，stretched“被延伸”，是动词的过去分词形式，符合句意。故选K。
2023届上海市宝山区高三一模英语试题
【答案】11. E 12. B
13. I 14. A
15. H 16. F
17. C 18. D
19. J 20. K
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种以人工智能为载体保护野生动物的方式。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：他应该知道，因为他的濒危海鸟恢复项目团队录制了数千小时的音频，以确定电线是否影响了当地的海鸟。分析句子成分可知，空处为as引导的原因状语从句中的谓语动词；根据上下文可知，是在讲过去的事情，故用一般现在时即可；后文“His team recorded 600 hours of audio and sent the recordings to Conservation Metrics,(他的团队录制了600小时的音频，并将录音发送给Conservation Metrics公司，)”可知，他的团队是“录制”了音频，空处和后文recorded为原文复现。故选E项。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：他的团队录制了600小时的音频，并将这些录音发送到保护指标公司，该公司利用人工智能资源协助保护工作。根据上文“His team recorded 600 hours of audio and sent the recordings to Conservation Metrics,( 他的团队录制了600小时的音频，并将录音发送给Conservation Metrics公司，)”、下文“Armed with proof that power lines were killing a significant number of birds, the team worked with the local utility service to reduce bird deaths. (有了电线杀死大量鸟类的证据，该团队与当地公用事业公司合作，以减少鸟类死亡。)”中提到的recordings“录音”和proof“证据”可知，这些都属于人工智能所提供的资源。B项“资源”符合句意。故选B项。
【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：Conservation Metrics公司使用一个程序来“听”录音，并计算了表示鸟类触电身亡的声音。分析句子成分可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词为the sounds，空处需要填从句中的谓语动词，时态需要对应全文为一般过去时态；根据后文“The result was ___4___, as the number of bird electrocutions was in the thousands.(结果令人不安，因为触电的鸟类数量达到了数千只。)”可知，声音是鸟触电时发出的声音。I项意为“表示”、“代表”，符合句意。故选I项。
【14题详解】
考查形容词。句意：结果令人不安，因为触电而死亡的鸟类数量达到了数千只。分析句子成分可知，空处需要填形容词作表语，形容主语The result，而结合上文“the number of bird electrocutions was in the thousands(被电死的鸟的数量高达数千只。)”可知，结果是，被电死的鸟类数量巨大，这是非常令人不安的数据。A项“令人不安的”符合文意。故选A项。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：在《黑客帝国》等科幻小说中，人工智能机器控制了世界，结束了我们所知的地球上的生命。根据常识可知，人工智能本身是一种机器；句中谓语动词为take over，故主语应为复数。H项machines“机器”符合句意和语法结构。故选H项。
【16题详解】
考查副词。句意：但在现实中，使用人工智能对海量数据进行分类的程序可能只是为了避免一些物种永久消失。分析句子成分可知，空处填副词修饰空前disappearing。前文“In science fiction stories such as The Matrix, AI-powered machines take over the world and end life on the planet as we know it.(在《黑客帝国》等科幻小说中，人工智能机器控制了世界，结束了我们所知的地球上的生命。)”提到end life“结束生命”，故空处也需要填副词表示结束一些物种的生命。F项“永久地”符合句意，表示使这些物种灭绝。故选F项。
【17题详解】
考查动词。句意：人类改变了多达97%的陆地生态系统。根据后文“Key populations of monitored animals have declined as much as 68 percent since 1970. The decline in biodiversity around the world has created a hopeless situation.(自1970年以来，受监测的主要动物种群数量减少了68%。全球生物多样性的下降已经造成了一个绝望的局面。)”可知，人类的存在对陆地生态系统造成了影响。C项“改变”符合句意，和“影响”的情感态度相近。故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查形容词。句意：保护工作缺乏有效的关键资源。分析句子成分可知，空处需要填形容词作表语；D项“有效的”用于形容“关键资源”，符合句意。故选D项。
【19题详解】
考查副词。句意：人工智能可以快速准确地对现场观测产生的大量数据进行分类。分析句子成分，空前有and并列了副词quickly“快速地”，故空处也需要填一个副词。J项“准确地”符合文意，表示人工智能对大数据进行分类又快又准。故选J项。
【20题详解】
考查形容词。句意：公园管理员面临着一项不可能完成的任务，因为要覆盖的土地太多了。分析句子，空前有不定冠词，空后为名词task“任务”，故空处需要填形容词；结合后文“because there is too much land to cover.(因为要覆盖的土地太多了。)”可知，公园覆盖的面积太大，管理员一个人无法完成这样的挑战，所以这是一个“不可能完成的任务”。K项“不可能的”符合句意。故选K项。
2023届上海市嘉定区高三上学期一模英语试题
【答案】11. B 12. E 13. I 14. D 15. H 16. G 17. J 18. A 19. C 20. K
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了帮助八年级学生发现更宽的科学世界的一个举措——Urban Advantage。
【11题详解】
考查名词。句意：她很兴奋，对美国自然历史博物馆的课堂参观充满期待。full of后应接名词作宾语，根据上文“wants to work with animals when she gets older.”可知，Salina非常期待去美国自然历史博物馆，anticipation“期待”符合题意，不可数。故选B。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：Salina是纽约公立学校数千名八年级学生中的一员，他们的科学教育将因学校与该市七所以科学为导向的机构之间的新伙伴关系而得到提高。冠词a(n)后接单数名词作give的宾语，根据下文“a new partnership between the schools and seven of the city’s science-oriented institutions.”可知，他们的科学教育将因为学校与其他机构的合作而提高，boost“提高”符合题意，常用单数形式。故选E。
【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：该项目名为Urban Advantage，旨在为教师提供专业发展和资源，促进班级和个人博物馆参观，最终帮助八年级学生完成毕业所需的科学项目。空处应填省略to的不定式和上文to provide以及下文(to) help并列作aims的宾语，结合句意，此处是促进班级和个人博物馆参观（率），facilitate“促进”符合题意。故选I。
【14题详解】
考查名词。句意：自然历史博物馆正在领导这一举措。冠词the后接名词作lead的宾语，根据上文“The program, called Urban Advantage”可知，此处指领导该举措，initiative“方案，举措”符合题意，特指上文提到的那个方案，故用其单数形式。且下文“It’s very hard to get a new initiative going”也是提示。故选D。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：英国国家历史博物馆的Ellen V. Futter说：“这个项目背后的真正推动力是科学教育的危机，科学教育是学生学习和成长不可或缺的一部分。”空处应填形容词，修饰名词part，结合常识可知，科学教育是学生学习和成长不可或缺的一部分，integral“必需的，不可或缺的”符合题意。故选H。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：其中最常被提及的原因是教师教育项目的不足和教学资源的缺乏。空处应填形容词，修饰名词reasons，结合句意，此处指常常被提到的原因，cited“被提及的”符合题意。故选G。
【17题详解】
考查动词。句意通常，科学课是关于记忆事实的，并没有反映使用科学方法和工具观察和分析自然现象的真正令人兴奋的过程。does not后接动词原形，根据“the science class is about memorizing facts”可知，科学课并没有反映使用科学的方法和工具来观察和分析自然现象的正真令人兴奋的过程，mirror“反映”符合题意。故选J。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：因此，我们的孩子中很少有人受到激励，去从事关键科学领域的学习或职业。结合上文科学课只是关于记忆事实，因此很少有学生受到激励而去从事科关键科学邻域的学习或职业，stimulate“激励”符合题意，和主语children是被动关系，故用其过去分词与are构成被动语态。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查动词。句意：市议会授权发展Urban Advantage，提供了超过100万美元的资金。根据“The City Council”可知，此处是指市议会授权发展Urban Advantage，empower“授权”符合题意，此处用其现在分词和was构成过去进行时。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查形容词。句意：启动一个新项目非常困难，但我们做到了，因为每个人都相信有帮助的科学教育的重要性。空处应填形容词修饰名词词组science education，结合上文Urban Advantage的目的是“为教师提供专业发展和资源，促进班级和个人博物馆参观，最终帮助八年级学生完成毕业所需的科学项目”，因此这样的科学课是有帮助的，instrumental“有帮助的”符合题意。故选K。
上海市浦东新区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末教学质量检测英语试卷（一模）
【答案】31. J 32. A
33. H 34. C
35. K 36. I
37. E 38. F
39. G 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者主要论述了自己对于成人菜单和儿童菜单价格不同的看法以及背后的经济原理。
【31题详解】
考查形容词。句意：通常情况下，菜单非常相似，都是同样的意大利面和番茄酱。作表语，结合句意表示“相似的”应用形容词similar。故填similar。故选J。
【32题详解】
考查动词。句意：毕竟，我是根据成人菜单来估算意大利面的成本的，而不是根据制作领结面并配上红酱的实际成本。根据句意表示“根据”可知短语为be based on，省略be动词，用过去分词作定语。故填based。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词。句意：我错误的推理是锚定的产物，这是一种认知偏见，会削弱我们的批判性思维。作主语，结合句意表示“推理”应用名词reasoning。故填reasoning。故选H。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。句意：根据研究人员的说法，锚定是指人们依靠无关但容易获得的事实来做出判断。作定语修饰名词facts，结合句意表示“无关的”应用形容词irrelevant。故填irrelevant。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们的头脑过于看重影响我们随后想法的最初印象或数字。作定语修饰名词thoughts，结合句意表示“随后的”应用形容词subsequent。故填subsequent。故选K。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：就我而言，成人菜单上的价格决定了我对儿童菜单上商品价值的判断。作谓语，一般过去时，结合句意表示“决定”应用动词shaped，故填shaped。故选I。
【37题详解】
考查动词。句意：研究表明，无论锚定与实际决策之间的联系有多弱，锚定效应都会持续存在。作从句谓语，结合句意表示“存在”应用动词persist。为一般现在时。主语为anchoring effects，谓语用原形。故填persist。故选E。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：特别是，最近的一项研究表明，锚定在金融界比以前认为的要普遍得多，大量的锚定效应影响着股票市场的表现。修饰动词believe，结合句意表示“以前”应用副词previously作状语。故填previously。故选F。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：因此，如果两家公司的财务状况相同，除了X公司的股票比Y公司的股票少，而且价格更高，那么从长期来看，X公司的股票比Y公司的股票卖得更好。作宾语，结合句意表示“状况”应用名词profile。故填profile。故选G。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：锚定现象表明，虽然我们认为自己是理性的、有逻辑的存在，但不相关的细节会对我们的推理产生巨大的影响。作定语修饰名词influence，结合句意表示“巨大的”应用形容词outsized。故填outsized。故选D。
2023届上海市金山区高三上学期一模英语试卷
【答案】11. J 12. A
13. E 14. B
15. D 16. I
17. H 18. C
19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了乐高目前在可持续材料制造上获得的成就和未来的计划。
【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这家丹麦玩具制造商展示了一款由回收塑料制成的积木原型。分析句子结构可知，此处需要形容词做定语，修饰空后的plastic，此处表达是“可回收塑料制造”之意，recycled“回收利用的”符合题意。故选J项。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：乐高在一份新闻稿中表示，来自废弃瓶子的PET塑料构成了满足该公司“严格的质量和安全要求”的第一块砖。分析句子结构可知，此处需要形容词做定语，修饰空后的bottles，abandoned“被遗弃的”符合题意。故选A项。
【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：该公司确保安全的一种方法是，从使用美国食品药品管理局(Food & Drug Administration)和欧洲食品安全局(European Food safety Authority)批准工艺的供应商那里采购材料。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，从句中缺少谓语，应填动词，ensure“保证”为动词符合题意，主语是the company为第三人称单数，描述的是一般的状态，应该用一般现在时，应填ensures。故选E项。
【14题详解】
考查名词。句意：乐高集团负责环境责任的副总裁蒂姆·布鲁克斯说:“我们在可持续发展之旅中面临的最大挑战是重新思考和创新新材料，这些材料要像我们现有的砖一样持久、坚固和高质量，并且与过去60年生产的乐高元素相适应。”。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词，challenge“挑战”符合题意。故选B项
【15题详解】
考查动词。句意：通过这个原型，我们能够向公众展示我们正在取得的进展。分析句子结构可知，空前的to是不定式标志，空处应填动词原形，demonstrate“演示”符合题意。故选D项。
【16题详解】
考查动词。句意：乐高表示，购买二手材料制成的积木还需要“一段时间”。分析句子结构可知，此处是before引导的状语从句，从句中缺少谓语动词，所以应填动词purchase“购买”符合题意，又从句主语是bricks与purchase之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，空前已有be动词，所以空处填purchased。故选I项。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：该公司将继续测试和开发PET配方，并决定是否进入试生产阶段，预计至少需要一年时间。分析句子结构可知，空气是冠词the，空后是名词production，所以空处应填形容词做的定语，pilot“试验性的”符合题意。故选H项。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：该公司正在测试的一个因素是这种材料如何着色。分析句子结构可知，此处是后文引导的表语从句，从句中缺少谓语动词，应填动词，color“着色”为动词符合题意，从句主语是material与color之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，空前已有be动词，所以空处填colored。故选C项。
【19题详解】
考查名词。句意：实验和失败是学习和创新的重要组成部分。分析句子结构可知，根据空前and，空处应和learning并列，应填名词，innovation“创造”为不可数名词，符合题意。故选G项。
【20题详解】
考查名词。句意：去年，该公司宣布将在三年内投资4亿美元用于可持续发展计划。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：sustainability initiatives意为“可持续发展计划”。故选F项。

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