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It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into an argument. We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly my mother will push the conversation into the Third World War. She’ll talk about my lack of (缺乏) bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor. And much to her disappointment, I don’t want to do any job related to science, either. In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major (主修) in English, she nearly had a heart attack.
“Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son ” she shouts all the time. Her co-worker’s son received a four-year scholarship and is now earning 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don’t know what to say except that I simply can’t be like Mr. Perfect as I’ve called the unnamed co-worker’s son. I can’t be like him. I am the type of the person who loves to help out in the community, write until the sun goes down, and most of all, wants to achieve something because of loving it, not because of fame or salary.
I understand why my mother is worried about my future major. I’ve seen my mother struggle to raise me on her small salary and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes back home around 5:00 pm or even 6:00 pm.
However, I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesn’t mean I’ll be successful. I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future.
1．What does the underlined word “push” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．to increase or decrease an amount, value, or number
B．to encourage or force someone to do something or to work hard
C．to make someone or something move by pressing them with arms
D．to press a button to make a piece of equipment start or stop working
2．Why does the author’s mother mention her co-worker’s son
A．To persuade the author to become a doctor.
B．To tell the author to learn as hard as he can.
C．To encourage the author to receive a scholarship.
D．To ask the author to earn much more money.
3．What makes the author’s mother worried about his major
A．Her plans for future. B．Her need to control.
C．Her poor knowledge. D．Her struggle with life.
4．What can be inferred from the text
A．The author will become an engineer as his mother wishes.
B．Being a scientist is sure to earn high fame and salary.
C．The author may choose major according to his interest.
D．The author shows little interest in learning English.
Looking for a well-paid part-time/ student job Enjoy working with animals Like helping busy pet owners If so, then keep reading! On We have a lot of pet care jobs looking for people like you.
What are you going to do:
Find local pet care job On and help pet owners with their pets.
To do this job, you will be responsible for a lot of tasks and have flexible( 灵活的 ) working hours to meet the pet’s needs. Make sure you are familiar with the role’s responsibilities before making a final decision.
Task include:
For dogs-walking and sitting
For cats-sitting and litter box cleaning
Playing
Feeding and cleaning
Training
If necessary, vet visits
What we offer:
Flexible working hours
Working in a family environment
Taking part in different kinds of activities
Earning between 25 and 60 per hour
Being paid weekly or monthly
What we ask:
Enjoying working with pets
Experience in pet care is an advantage
Patience and good communication skills
Extra information
Education Level: Secondary Schools,College University
Location: Northern Ireland, East Midlands, East Anglia, North, South East, London, North Wales, Scotland, South Wales, West Midlands, Yorkshire
Working hours per week: 4-32 hours
Type of contact: Part-Time Jobs, Evening Job, Weekend, Summer/Holiday Jobs, Full- Time
Responsible for: Pet care
Published on: 10-03-2020
Type of job: Home Care
Language: English
5．If you take this job, you should________.
A．Have experience in keeping a pet yourself
B．Design different kinds of activities for pets
C．Clean the bedroom of the pet owner
D．Take a cat to pet hospital if it is ill.
6．Which one of the following is a feature of the pet carer’s job
A．Short working hours.
B．Getting paid every week.
C．Changeable working environment
D．Taking part in various activities
7．If a pet carer works 20 hours this week, how much can he earn at most
A． 500 B． 750
C． 1200 D． 1500
Over the past few years, the amount and types of data available on the Internet and, in particular, the speed at which we can process the data, have increased to an extent few people could have imagined. As a result, many new business models have appeared.
One such model is a large corporation arranging to have another company, often located in a different country, perform essential tasks. This became possible with the growth of reliable and secure communications and the ability to move massive amounts of data over long distances in an instant. A company in the United States, for instance, first scans all its bills, orders, and wage payments into the computer and sends the documents to an accounting center in, say, Costa Rica. Basic accounting activity is then carried out at that site. Next, the data is returned via the Internet to the original company, where high- level analysis is done.
A second model is one in which work is divided into smaller, more specific tasks performed by individuals in different geographical locations. For example, specialists living at a great distance from each other can work together to produce a new semiconductor (半导体) design. A member of the group living in California does some initial work on the project and uploads the result onto a server. A colleague in Japan makes further additions to the design. Next, someone in Israel accesses it and does his/her part of the job. Finally the group member in California downloads it and gives it a final check. Thus, specialists in different parts of the world team cooperate to complete a single project.
Now, more and more people are taking advantage of the career opportunities that the IT Revolution has opened up. In this way, the best talent in the world can be chosen for each task wherever he or she is.
8．What factors are most considered by those companies using the first model
A．Safety and rapidity. B．Origin and popularity.
C．Location and material. D．Economy and ecology.
9．Which project could take the second business model
A．To set up a pet hospital. B．To hold the Olympic Games.
C．To create a travelling guidebook. D．To organizing an important exam.
10．What is the benefit the IT Revolution brings according to the text
A．Simplifying workers' schedules. B．Increasing the career opportunities.
C．Satisfying the demand of customers. D．Reducing the cost of doing business.
11．Which of the following might the author agree with
A．All the work can be done digitally.
B．Doing business relies on location less and less.
C．Specialists don't need to go to company.
D．The increasing of speed at processing the data is predictable.
Teacher, Lawyer, Doctor—when someone says "career", these classic jobs are the first ones you think about, right We've found four uncommon careers with awesome and unusual benefits.
Chief Listening Officer
You may not have heard of a Chief Listening Officer, but they've probably heard from you. CLOs closely monitor social platforms and conversations to keep an eye (and ear!) on what's being said about their company or brand. Your work enables a fast response to any and all complaints, questions, or misinformation.
Why it's awesome: This job is on the rise. As more organizations rely on social media for market research and customer service, the position of CLO will only become more important.
Food Stylist
Mouth-watering restaurant commercials and wasteful magazine photographs of delicious food don't come easy: It takes the work of a food stylist to make it all happen. Armed with cooking skills, creative style, and tools ranging from lipstick to lard, you get food ready for its photograph.
Why it's awesome: This is one of those rare cooking jobs that provide chances to create, but don't require you to slave away in a restaurant kitchen.
Global Mobility Consultant
As a global mobility consultant, you help employees make smooth transitions (过渡)into their new homes—whether it's in Bangkok, Berlin, or the next state over.
Why it's awesome: If you're the type who enjoys traveling and likes learning about other cultures, systems and traditions, this career could be a perfect fit. As companies continue to expand across borders, this position is expected to grow by 21 percent over the next few years.
Computational Linguist
Computational Linguists help computers and humans communicate with each other. More specifically, you create computer programs that can translate, transcribe, and comprehend regular, human language.
Why it's awesome: This field is the front line for exciting technological areas like speech recognition and artificial intelligence. In other words, you could help create robots.
12．What does a Chief Listening Officer do
A．Do market research. B．Listen to chief officers.
C．Respond to customers' opinions. D．Track social platforms and conversations.
13．What is vital if you want to be a food stylist
A．Hard work in a restaurant kitchen. B．Restaurants and delicious food.
C．Cooking skills and creativity. D．Commercials and magazines.
14．What may contribute to the growing need for global mobility consultants
A．People's love for travel. B．People's interest in other cultures.
C．Employees ‘desire for great progress. D．Companies ‘tendency to expand globally.
15．What are computational linguists good at according to the text
A．Both computers and languages. B．Communicating with others.
C．Speech recognition. D．Creating robots.
Whether you are just getting ready to start college or are considering a career change, you will want to choose a field that is showing long-term stability. If you know which careers are showing stable growth potential, you will choose a right job in your future.
Nursing is a field which will grow extremely fast over the next several years. At present there are about 2.5 million nurses working in the field and a half million more are expected to be added soon. Nursing salaries average about $66,000 per year, but they can go up to over $140,000 with higher education and specialized field training. Nursing also provides the benefit of flexible(灵活的) time, allowing you to choose when you want to work.
Engineering is one of the hottest and most stably growing careers in the country. There is plenty of opportunity for advancement and income growth in this field. Starting salaries for engineers is higher than most other jobs because a college degree is required. There are also many different fields of specialization to choose from as an engineer. Average salaries are around $72,000, but can quickly be more than $120,000 with experience and position.
Online marketing is a field that is fairly new to the career market and there is exciting growth potential. It offers a lot of flexibility with many different specialized areas. The average salary for online marketers is $53,000 per year, but some who work in specialized areas make over $200,000.
Although the job as a financial advisor is an extremely competitive career field, the projected growth for this field leaves plenty of room for new job seekers. The salary potential for this career increases with experience and education level but on average financial advisors make $67,000 a year.
16．The similarity of the four careers is that all of them ________.
A．especially emphasize work experience B．must be in great need in the future
C．have stable growth potential D．provide flexible working hours
17．In most of the four career fields, the workers’ salary is based on ________.
A．their attitude toward work B．their relationship with the boss
C．their past work experience D．their education level
18．Which of the four careers can provide changeable working time
A．Nursing. B．Engineering.
C．Online marketing. D．Financial advisor.
19．The text is probably from ________.
A．an advertisement B．a job guide
C．a social report D．a book review
For those who don’t decide their own working hours, a trial of four-day workweeks of 35-hour work weekly without a drop in pay among 2500 workers in Iceland has shown the old schedule may truly not be the most productive form of labor (劳动). The report, conducted by the research organization Autonomy and the Association for Sustainability and Democracy, found that negative markers like burnout (过度劳累), stress, necessary overtime, and disconnection with friends and family all went down, as would be expected, but that productivity remained at worst unchanged, and often improved in those working shorter hours.
The trials were such a success that following their conclusion in 2019,Mass renegotiation (重新协商)by labor unions means that 86% of Icelanders are now working non-traditional workweeks which could include 5-to-6-hour working days or four-day working weeks.
“This study shows that the world’s largest-ever trial of a shorter working week was a success,” said Will Stronge, director of Autonomy.
The main argument is that “burnout” depletes the ability of workers to be productive. A lack of production will sometimes result in a demand for overtime, especially by managers, further increasing burnout and decreasing productivity. In those who cannot afford to be less productive, like nurses for example, burnout simply results in negative health outcomes.
Hoping to see if they could replicate (复制)the productivity gains in other countries, the Reykjavid City Council started this trial, mostly at public offices, but also in private firms, to measure performance and worker well-being for four years.
Compared with non-participating firms or offices, productivity remained the same or increased in those participating, but it wasn’t free. Instead, as necessity is the mother of invention, a sort of mass re-imagining of operations was needed to achieve production or service goals with the reduced hours. This involved,as the report details, the shortening or early ending of meetings, and often a total reorganization of work processes to find where problems could be removed.
20．What does Autonomy’s report show
A．Four-day workweeks are most productive.
B．Reducing regular work hours has many benefits.
C．Stress has no connection with working hours.
D．Workers should be flexible about their working hours.
21．How did labor unions in Iceland most probably react knowing the results of the trial
A．They felt sad for most Icelanders.
B．They became worried about workers’ productivity.
C．They knew it was time for a change.
D．They decided to encourage hard work.
22．What does the underlined word “depletes” in paragraph 4 mean
A．reduces B．shows C．loses D．approves
23．Why does the author say “it wasn’t free” in the last paragraph
A．it’s not really worth trying for many companies.
B．It is necessary to make some changes to ensure productivity.
C．It costs a lot to re-imagine operations.
D．It is very difficult for most companies to change their routine.
You may think that work can never be fun. But some jobs are interesting and even lucrative(赚钱的). The Balance Careers created a list of top 15 interesting jobs in the world. We picked out four of them.
Caretaker of Hamilton Island
What is the best job in the world It is being a caretaker of an Australian tropical island—a job that includes a salary of ￡69, 000 and involves little more than lazing in the sun, snorkeling(浮潜)and writing a weekly blog about life on the Internet.
NASA Sleep Tester
NASA is looking for volunteers who will be paid a total of around $18, 000 to lie in bed for 70 days. Sleep tester can play games, read books and chat with friends online, just as long as they don’t get out of bed before the test ends. The results of these tests are used to help astronauts maintain their health while in space.
Electrician at the South Pole
The British Antarctic Survey once posted an ad calling for plumbers, carpenters and chefs to work on the coldest continent on Earth. Those who were selected received starting salaries of ￡23, 000, while travel expenses, food and winter clothing were provided free of charge.
Professional Cuddler
Professional cuddling was a new job that appeared in the US four years ago. As the name of the job suggests, the role of a professional cuddler is to give you a warm hug, chat with you and give you comfort when you are sad. Professional cuddlers earn $60 per hour.
24．According to the passage, who needs to write a blog regularly online
A．The electrician. B．The sleep tester. C．The caretaker. D．The cuddler.
25．The sleep test is made to ensure ________.
A．the health of astronauts B．the comfort of sleepers
C．the quality of beds D．the pleasure of life
26．Who will probably receive the service of the cuddler
A．A hard-wording student. B．A modest author.
C．A successful psychologist. D．A lonely old man.
Mariana Bechtel isn’t exactly someone who avoids stress. Throughout her, she has pursued high-pressure management jobs: “I’m hard core,” says the 44-yearold wife and mother of two. “I wanted to be on top at work, and I wanted to be a great mom” –one who could attend baseball games, drive and help with homework even after an hour-long commute （通勤）on workdays, more often than not, with a5 a.m. marathon-training run.
However, after months of losing sleep, dropping weight and feeling pushed to lose her mind, Mariana Bechtel decided she had to address her stress-and turn it to her advantage. The new job she recently switched to still has its share of pressure, but with more support from her boss and more flexibility in her schedule, she says she feels great.
Contrary to popular belief, stress doesn’t have to be a soul-sucking, health-damaging force. But few people know how to transform their stress into the positive kind that helps them reach their goals.
A recent research confirms that gaining control over job demands, doing work with meaning and purpose and enjoying support and encouragement from co-workers are all linked to beneficial stress. Simply changing attitudes and expectations about stress-through coaching, training or peer-support groups-can also develop the constructive kind of stress.
“Stress is paradoxical,” says Alia Crum, a research scholar. “On one hand, it can be the thing that hurts us most. On the other, it’s fundamental to psychological and physical growth. The attitude that we view and approach stress will shift the outcome.”
27．What is Mariana Bechtel’s new job like
A．It is health-damaging.
B．It is physically demanding.
C．It has little stress.
D．It has flexible worktime.
28．What does the author want to show by telling the story of Mariana Bechtel
A．Stress can be turned beneficial.
B．Too much stress is harmful to health.
C．It’s hard to balance work and family.
D．Every job has its own advantage.
29．How can we make stress to our advantage according to the recent research
A．By refusing the boss’s demands
B．By taking up a meaningful job.
C．By supporting co-workers.
D．By sticking to our attitude to stress.
30．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 5 mean
A．Stress has far-reaching effects. B．Stress has several disadvantages.
C．Stress has two opposite features. D．Stress is not necessary at all.
The modern as well as lively island nation Singapore is very well-known across the globe for its evolution and making itself tip-top of education center. The last decade has well and truly seen its rise as a popular study destination. Singapore is home to some of the top universities in the world. It has rapidly become one of the top choices for international students.
The cost of living is big in Singapore. Thus, many rely on a part-time job to help their finances while they are studying. Today 75% of international students are engaged in some type of part-time work. Most find their part-time jobs from , which is a leading platform in providing jobs by its cooperation with top-class companies and brands. They keep up-to-date with the fresh and new porosities for the natives as foreign students and scholars.
Any international student before starting to work must take care of many things, particularly his student work pass as well as permission from the university. While searching for a suitable job, it is important to take various things into account, such as the strict laws in the country.
A good job for international learners should:
◆Fit a student’s lifestyle—Part-time jobs that leave enough time for your curriculum and studying or offer flexible working hours.
◆Enable a student to develop stronger language skills—vital for international students who are not native English speakers.
◆Help a student mix quickly into a new culture and meet new friends.
◆Basically, offer some good work experience and open more career opportunities.
31．What makes Singapore a popular study destination
A．Low living expenses. B．World-Famous universities.
C．Easy entrance exams. D．Full-time job opportunities.
32．How do most of the international students find their part-time jobs
A．By directly applying to companies. B．By getting information from a website.
C．By seeking their teachers’ opinions. D．By following the native students.
33．Which meets the requirement of a good part time job for international learners
A．It helps improve social status. B．It only admits English-speakers.
C．It benefits future career choices. D．It offers fixed working hours.
Are you a big sports fan If so, chances are that you’ve read articles by a sports reporter. The writer may have broken down a game or described one of your favorite athletes.
Sean Gregory is a senior sports reporter for TIME magazine. He thinks that a sports reporter not only goes to games but writes interesting articles. Like all good reporters, Gregory takes specific steps to write an attractive story.
First, he decides which people he wants to interview. Gregory says that getting various perspectives on a sport, an event, or a player adds interesting layers (层面) to an article. That’s why he doesn’t talk to just athletes but also to coaches and the audience.
Next, Gregory puts together a list of questions. He says the questions are intended to “bring about exciting answers and a good conversation.”
Finally, sports reporters also need to understand data collected by sports analysts (分析家), who use the data to make a guess. Emily Kaplan, a sports reporter for ESPN, says that writing about sports includes analyzing which players are most effective and valuable. “The way that we quantify (量化) a lot of those things is through the data and math,” she says.
Many sports were canceled in the spring because of the pandemic (疫情). Some restarted over the summer and fall. As a safety measure, reporters are not permitted to go to games, nor are they allowed to go only in small numbers. Gregory hasn’t been to a game in months. He speaks to players online, but he misses being able to chat with fans at events. “Sometimes, they say funny things that make stories lively,” Gregory says.
For now, many sports reporters are busy writing articles that take place off the field, court, or skating area. For example, Kaplan wrote about how the pandemic affected the finances of the owners of sports clubs. Gregory reported on how pandemic shutdowns are affecting athletes’ mental health. “What this pandemic has taught all of us is that we just need to find ways to adapt,” Kaplan says. “And we’ll adapt again when things are normal.”
34．What do good reporters have in common according to the text
A．They only interview famous people.
B．They write articles in a certain process.
C．They are all good at different sports.
D．They finish writing their stories in advance.
35．What does the underlined word “perspectives” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Features. B．Influences. C．Opinions. D．Methods.
36．What can sports reporters do with data analysis
A．Decide which court is suitable for the game.
B．Get more information on athletes.
C．Find out the finances of the sports clubs.
D．Make their ideas more acceptable to readers.
37．What do the last two paragraphs mainly say about sports reporters
A．They have to change their working ways.
B．They enjoy a new approach to interviews.
C．They are forced to write about sports clubs.
D．They change their focus to non-sports news.
Come to the Sanctuary, Australia and gain the satisfaction that comes from working in a great environment with an amazing team. Work along with the staff and other volunteers from all walks of life to take care of Australia’s native wildlife in their natural habitat.
The Sanctuary is quite popular with many of the local schools, and is recognized as an Advanced Ecotourism Attraction, winning lots of tourism awards. This volunteer project is looking for people who enjoy wildlife and want to work in an amazing environment. The work is rewarding but can be physically demanding and by no means an “easy holiday option”.
Typical day
You will join in the volunteer training program where training will be done in various activities. Your responsibilities include but are not limited to:
● Preparing food and treats for our animals
● Assisting the staff with their duties, such as weighing our animals and doing health checks
● Helping our visitors get the most out of their time at the Sanctuary
● Assisting the staff with tour groups
● Other specialised activities, such as preparing educational materials, gardening, construction and visitor assistance
Free-time activities
On days off, you can go to nearby museums and parks. Lots of activities such as diving, water sports, boat tours, helicopter tours and more are also available. These, however, will be paid by yourselves.
Requirements
● Age
18 years and above
● Language Skills
You need to speak English (basic level).
● Nationality
Helping hands from all over the world are welcome.
● Working hours
Your helping hand will be required on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday from 08:00-16:00.
38．Who will be accepted into the project
A．A wildlife lover. B．A holiday maker.
C．An award winner. D．An experienced tourist.
39．Which is a volunteer’s usual duty
A．Attracting visitors. B．Doing check-ups on animals.
C．Preparing meals for the staff. D．Teaching educational materials.
40．What is required of the volunteers
A．Advanced English. B．Australian nationality.
C．8 hours every workday. D．An age limit of 19 years.
参考答案
1．B
2．A
3．D
4．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和母亲在作者未来职业的选择上存在着很大分歧。
1．
词义猜测题。根据文章第一句“It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into an argument. We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly my mother will push the conversation into the Third World War.（我感觉每次我和妈妈开始交谈时，都会变成争吵。我们谈论一些简单的事情，比如晚餐计划，突然我母亲就把这个话题推到了第三次世界大战。”可知作者和母亲即使是简单的谈话，都会产生争执，像被推向世界大战一样，本处的划线单词“push”有某一方用自己的力量强迫某人做某事或将某事置于某种境界的意思，在本文的意思想强迫作者改变与她母亲不一样的观点，所以才会争吵，一个简单谈话像被推向世界大战一样；选项B“to encourage or force someone to do something or to work hard（鼓励或强迫某人做某事或努力工作）”与划线单词push意思相近，都是表示某一方用自己的力量去强迫另一方做某事的意思；故选B项。
2．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“She’ll talk about my lack of bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor. And much to her disappointment, I don’t want to do any job related to science, either. In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major (主修) in English, she nearly had a heart attack.（她会说我前途渺茫因为我不打算当医生。令她失望的是，我也不想做任何与科学有关的工作。事实上，当我被逼说我打算主修英语时，她差点心脏病发作。）”可知作者和他母亲在职业选择上面是有很大分歧的，作者母亲让他当医生；作者不愿意；文章第二段““Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son ” she shouts all the time. Her co-worker’s son received a four-year scholarship and is now earning 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer.（“你为什么不能像我同事的儿子一样 ”她总是大喊大叫。她同事的儿子获得了四年的奖学金，现在是一名年薪7万美元的工程师。）”可知作者母亲同事的儿子是优秀的，不但获得了四年的奖学金，选现在还成为一名工程师，获得好的名声和薪水；作者母亲想通过这个例子来说服作者去当医生，因为这是他母亲想要的结果。故选A项。
3．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“I understand why my mother is worried about my future major. I’ve seen my mother struggle to raise me on her small salary and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes back home around 5:00 pm or even 6:00 pm.（我明白为什么我妈妈担心我未来的专业。我见过我妈妈用她微薄的薪水和长时间的工作来养活我。她在早上 6:30 左右离开家，通常在下午5:00甚至下午6:00左右回家。）”可知作者母亲自己的薪水微薄，而且要工作很长时间，养活作者很不容易，日子过得很艰难，所以推知作者母亲想让作者以后能够有好的工作，有好的薪水来让他们的日子好过一点，故作者母亲反对作者的专业的是因为她自己的日子很艰难，在生活中挣扎；故选D项。
4．
推理判断题。由文章第一段“In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major (主修) in English, she nearly had a heart attack.（事实上，当我被迫说我打算主修英语时，她差点心脏病发作。）”可知作者自己是想主修英语的；根据文章最后一段“However, I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesn’t mean I’ll be successful. I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future.（但是，我想让她知道，成为一名医生并不意味着我会成功。我宁愿追随自己的梦想，创造自己的未来。）”可知即使作者母亲想让他成为医生，但是作者还是宁愿追随自己的梦想，即按照自己的兴趣来选择英语作为主修课；故选C项。
5．D
6．D
7．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇应用文。文章是招聘宠物护理工作的兼职人员招聘启事。
5．
细节理解题。根据Task include:中的“If necessary, vet visits(如有必要，去看兽医)”可知，如果你接受这份工作，你应该带一只生病的猫去宠物医院看兽医。故选D。
6．
细节理解题。根据What we offer:中的“Taking part in different kinds of activities (参加各种各样的活动)”可知，宠物看护人工作的特点包括参加各种活动。故选D。
7．
细节理解题。根据What we offer:中的“Earning between 25 and 60 per hour (每小时25英镑至60英镑的)”可知，如果一个宠物看护人一周工作20个小时，他最多能赚60*20=1200英镑。故选C。
8．A
9．C
10．B
11．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了两种商业模式及其特点和应用。
8．
细节理解题。根据第二段的“This became possible with the growth of reliable and secure communications and the ability to move massive amounts of data over long distances in an instant.(随着可靠和安全通信的发展，以及瞬间长距离传输大量数据的能力，这成为可能。) ”可知，对于第一种商业模式来说，安全性和快捷性是很重要的。故选A项。
9．
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“A second model is one in which work is divided into smaller, more specific tasks performed by individuals in different geographical locations.(第二种模式是将工作分成更小、更具体的任务，由不同地理位置的个人完成。)”可知，信息技术革命带来的第二种商业模式是可以由身处不同地理位置的人执行， C项“设计一份旅游指南”可由身处不同地理位置的人协同完成，与文章内容一致。故选C项。
10．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“more and more people are taking advantage of the career opportunities that the IT Revolution has opened up(越来越多的人正在利用信息技术革命带来的职业机会)”可知，信息技术革命“提升了就业机会”。故选B项。
11．
推理判断题。根据原文对两种商业模式的介绍可知，随着信息科技和信息技术革命的发展，不同地理位置的人和公司可以协同办公。再根据最后一段“ In this way, the best talent in the world can be chosen for each task wherever he or she is.”（这样，无论他或她在哪里，都可以为每一项任务选择世界上最好的人才）由此判断出，作者可能同意做生意越来越不依赖地理位置。故选B项。
12．D
13．C
14．D
15．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文为一篇说明文。本文介绍了四种不寻常的职业：首席收听官、食品造型师、全球流动性顾问、计算机语言学家。
12．
细节理解题。根据Chief Listening Officer部分的第一段第二句“CLOs closely monitor social platforms and conversations to keep an eye (and ear!)on what's being said about their company or brand. (CLO 密切监视社交平台和对话，以保持警惕和倾听关于他们公司或品牌的言论。)”可知，首席收听官会严密跟踪调查社交平台和对话去监听他们在说什么。故选D项
13．
细节理解题。根据Food Stylist部分的第一段第二句“Armed with cooking skills, creative style, and tools ranging from lipstick to lard, you get food ready for its photograph.(拥有烹饪技巧、创意风格以及从口红到猪油等各种工具，你就可以为拍照准备好食物。)”可知，当你具备了厨艺、创新造型和工具，你就为你的食物拍照做好了准备，所以对食品造型师来说重要的是厨艺和创造性。故选C项。
14．
细节理解题。根据Global Mobility Consultant部分的第二段最后一句“As companies continue to expand across borders, this position is expected to grow by 21 percent over the next few years.(随着公司继续跨境扩张，这一职位预计在未来几年增长21% 。)”可知，未来的几年这个岗位数量有望增加是因为公司规模在海外继续扩大。故选D项。
15．
推理判断题。根据Computational Linguist部分的第一段“Computational Linguists help computers and humans communicate with each other. More specifically, you create computer programs that can translate, transcribe, and comprehend regular, human language.(计算语言学家帮助计算机和人类互相交流。更具体地说，您创建可以翻译、转录和理解常规人类语言的计算机程序。)”可知，计算机语言学家是帮助电脑和人类彼此之间进行交流，就是创造出电脑程序，这些程序可以翻译、转换和理解人类常用的语言，所以计算机语言学家擅长的应是电脑和语言。故选A项。
16．C
17．D
18．A
19．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个有稳定发展潜力的的职业。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段“If you know which careers are showing stable growth potential，you will choose a right job in your future. (如果你知道哪些职业是有稳定发展潜力的，你就会在未来选择合适的工作。)”并结合下文介绍了四个职业：护士，工程，网上销售，财务顾问；由此可知，他们的相似之处在于它们都有稳定发展潜力。故选C项。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Nursing salaries average about $66,000 per year，but they can go up to over $140,000 with higher education and specialized field training. (护士的平均年薪约为6.6万美元，但如果接受高等教育和专门的实地培训，他们的年薪可以达到14万美元以上)”以及第三段第三句“Starting salaries for engineers is higher than most other jobs because a college degree is required. (工程师的起薪比大多数其他工作都要高，因为他们需要大学学历)”，文章最后一句“The salary potential for this career increases with experience and education level but on average financial advisors make $67,000 a year.(这个职业的薪水随着经验和教育水平的增加而增加，但财务顾问的平均年薪为67000美元)”可知，薪水都与教育水平有关。故选D项。
18．细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“Nursing also provides the benefit of flexible (灵活的) time, allowing you to choose when you want to work. (护理还提供了灵活的时间，让你可以选择什么时候工作)”可知，护士这个职业，有着灵活的工作时间。故选A项。
19．推理判断题。根据第一段“Whether you are just getting ready to start college or are considering a career change，you will want to choose a field that is showing long-term stability. If you know which careers are showing stable growth potential，you will choose a right job in your future. (无论你是刚刚准备上大学，还是正在考虑换工作，你都会希望选择一个具有长期稳定性的领域。如果你知道哪些职业是有稳定发展潜力的，你就会在未来选择合适的工作)”可知，人们在求职时都希望有长期稳定性的职业领域，接着介绍了四个职业：护士，工程，网上销售，财务顾问；由此推断，这是一篇求职指南。故选B项。
20．B
21．C
22．A
23．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章以冰岛为例，阐述了一个新的研究发现即减少正常工作时间有很多好处。
20．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The report, conducted by the research organization Autonomy and the Association for Sustainability and Democracy, found that negative markers like burnout (过度劳累）, stress, necessary overtime, and disconnection with friends and family all went down.(一份由研究机构Autonomy和可持续发展与民主协会进行的报告发现，倦怠压力、必要的加班、与朋友和家人的疏远等负面指标都如预期的下降了。)”可知，减少正常工作时间有很多好处如倦怠压力、加班和与朋友和家人的疏远等负面指标都下降了。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段中“ 86% of Icelanders are now working non-traditional workweeks which could include 5-to-6-hour working days or four-day working weeks.( 86%的冰岛人现在在非传统工作周工作，包括每天5- 6小时或每周4天。)”以及第三段中“This study shows that the world’s largest-ever trial of a shorter working week was a success(这项研究表明，世界上有史以来规模最大的缩短工作周的试验取得了成功)”可知，该项试验是成功的，86%的冰岛人已经处于非传统工作周的工作状况了。故冰岛人意识到该对传统的工作时长做出改变了。故选C。
22．词义猜测题。根据第四段中“A lack of production will sometimes result in a demand for overtime, especially by managers, further increasing burnout and decreasing productivity.(生产不足有时会导致加班的需求，尤其是对管理人员来说，这进一步增加了工作倦怠和生产力下降。)”可知，加班以及过度劳累会降低生产效率，故划线词deplete与reduce同意，表示的是“降低，减少”。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ Instead, as necessity is the mother of invention, a sort of mass re-imagining of operations was needed to achieve production or service goals with the reduced hours. (相反，由于需求是发明之母，因此需要对操作进行大规模的重新设想，以减少工作时间来实现生产或服务目标。)”可知，提高企业的生产力是需要付出代价的，需要对操作进行大规模的重新设想，以减少工作时间来实现生产或服务目标，即有必要做一些改变以确保生产力。故选B。
24．C
25．A
26．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。介绍了Balance Careers网站列出的世界上最有趣的15种工作中的四个。
24．细节理解题。根据Caretaker of Hamilton Island部分的“It is being a caretaker of an Australian tropical island—a job that includes a salary of ￡69, 000 and involves little more than lazing in the sun, snorkeling(浮潜)and writing a weekly blog about life on the Internet.(它是一个澳大利亚热带岛屿的管理员——年薪69000英镑，工作内容无非是懒洋洋地躺在阳光下，浮潜，每周写一篇关于互联网生活的博客。)”可知，管理员工作需要每周在网上经常性地写博客。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据NASA Sleep Tester部分的“Sleep tester can play games, read books and chat with friends online, just as long as they don’t get out of bed before the test ends. The results of these tests are used to help astronauts maintain their health while in space.(睡眠测试者可以在网上玩游戏、看书、和朋友聊天，只要他们在测试结束前不起床就行。这些测试的结果将用于帮助宇航员在太空中保持健康。)”可知，做睡眠测试是为了确保宇航员的健康。故选A。
26．推理判断题。根据Professional Cuddler部分的“As the name of the job suggests, the role of a professional cuddler is to give you a warm hug, chat with you and give you comfort when you are sad.(顾名思义，职业拥抱师的作用就是在你伤心的时候给你一个温暖的拥抱，和你聊天，给你安慰。)”可推断，一个孤独的老人很可能会接受职业拥抱者的服务。故选D。
27．D
28．A
29．B
30．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了一项新的研究发现。即在控制工作要求、从事有意义的工作以及享受同事的支持和鼓励环境中，压力会转化为积极的动力，帮助人们实现目标
27．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“ The new job she recently switched to still has its share of pressure, but with more support from her boss and more flexibility in her schedule, she says she feels great.(她最近换的新工作仍然有压力，但有了老板更多的支持和更灵活的工作时间，她说她感觉很好。)”可知，最近的新工作仍然有压力，但是有了更多灵活的工作时间。故选D。
28．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“But few people know how to transform their stress into the positive kind that helps them reach their goals.(但是很少有人知道如何把他们的压力转化为积极的动力，从而帮助他们实现目标。)”可知，通过列举Mariana Bechtel 的例子，作者是为了说明压力可以变成积极的动力，从而帮助人们成功。故选A。
29．
推理判断题。根据第四段中“A recent research confirms that gaining control over job demands, doing work with meaning and purpose and enjoying support and encouragement from co-workers are all linked to beneficial stress. (最近的一项研究证实，控制工作要求、有意义和目的地工作、享受同事的支持和鼓励都与有益的压力有关。)”可知，通过从事一份有意义的工作，能够让压力激发我们的优势。故选B。
30．
词义猜测题。根据后文的“On one hand, it can be the thing that hurts us most. On the other, it’s fundamental to psychological and physical growth. (一方面，它可能是最伤害我们的事情。另一方面，它是心理和身体成长的基础。)”可知，压力一方面对我们有害，另一方面又是我们心理和身体成长的基础即对我们有利。故压力有两个相反的特征。故选C。
31．B
32．B
33．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了新加坡以其不断发展和成为顶尖的教育中心而闻名于世，它已迅速成为国际学生的首选之一。由于生活成本很高，许多留学生需要做兼职工作，文章介绍了如何找到兼职工作和应该注意的事项。
31．
细节理解题。根据第一段“The last decade has well and truly seen its rise as a popular study destination. Singapore is home to some of the top universities in the world. (在过去的十年里，它确实成为了一个受欢迎的研究目的地。新加坡是世界上一些顶尖大学的所在地。它已迅速成为国际学生的首选之一)”，可知，新加坡拥有多所世界一流大学，因而深受国际生青睐, 成为受欢迎的学习目的地。故选B。
32．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Most find their part-time jobs from , which is a leading platform in providing jobs by its cooperation with top-class companies and brands.(大多数人从上找到兼职工作，它是一个通过与顶级公司和品牌合作提供就业机会的领先平台)”可知，大多数国际生通过专门的网络平台寻找兼职。故选B。
33．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Basically, offer some good work experience and open more career opportunities. (基本上，提供一些好的工作经验和更多的职业机会)”可知，符合国际学习者的良好兼职要求的是：可提供有益的工作经验、获得更多的工作机会，有利于未来就业。故选C。
34．B
35．C
36．B
37．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了像所有优秀的记者一样，体育记者Gregory采取特定的步骤来写报道，同时介绍了疫情下体育记者不得不改变他们的工作方式。
34．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like all good reporters, Gregory takes specific steps to write an attractive story.(像所有优秀的记者一样，Gregory会采取特定的步骤来写一个吸引人的故事)”可知，好的记者都有一个共同点：采取特定的步骤来写文章。故选B。
35．
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“That’s why he doesn’t talk to just athletes but also to coaches and the audience.(这就是为什么他不仅和运动员交谈，还和教练和观众交谈)”和划线单所在句子“Gregory says that getting various perspectives on a sport, an event, or a player adds interesting layers (层面) to an article.(Gregory说，从不同的perspectives来看待一项运动、一个事件或者一个运动员，可以为一篇文章增加有趣的层次)”可知，和运动员交谈，还和教练和观众交谈，这是从不同的角度来获取别人看待一项运动、一个事件或者一个运动员的观点，这样可以为一篇文章增加有趣的层次。由此可知，划线单词perspectives意为“观点”，与C项“Opinions.(观点)”意思一样。故选C。
36．
推理判断题。根据第五段中“Finally, sports reporters also need to understand data collected by sports analysts (分析家), who use the data to make a guess. (最后，体育记者还需要了解体育分析师收集的数据，他们利用这些数据进行猜测)”可知，体体育记者通过数据分析来获得更多关于运动员的信息。故选B。
37．
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Many sports were canceled in the spring because of the pandemic (疫情). Some restarted over the summer and fall. As a safety measure, reporters are not permitted to go to games, nor are they allowed to go only in small numbers. (由于疫情，许多体育项目在春季被取消。有些在夏天和秋天重新开始。作为一项安全措施，记者不允许前往比赛现场，也不允许只少量前往)”和最后一段“For now, many sports reporters are busy writing articles that take place off the field, court, or skating area. (目前，许多体育记者正忙着写一些发生在场地、球场或滑冰场外的文章)”可知，最后两段主要讲的是体育记者因为疫情不得不改变工作方式。故选A。
38．A
39．B
40．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了澳大利亚的一个志愿者项目正在寻找喜欢野生动物并希望在神奇环境中工作的志愿者，并且介绍了志愿者的职责和具体要求。
38．
推理判断题。根据第二段“This volunteer project is looking for people who enjoy wildlife and want to work in an amazing environment. (这个志愿者项目正在寻找喜欢野生动物并希望在神奇环境中工作的人)”可知，野生动物爱好者将被接受加入这个项目。故选A。
39．
细节理解题。根据Typical day标题下的“Assisting the staff with their duties, such as weighing our animals and doing health checks (协助工作人员履行职责，例如称量动物体重和进行健康检查)”可知，志愿者通常的职责是对动物进行检查。故选B。
40．
细节理解题。根据Working hours标题下的“Your helping hand will be required on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday from 08:00-16:00. (周一、周二、周三、周四和周五08:00-16:00需要您的帮助)”可知，对志愿者的要求是：每个工作日8小时。故选C。阅读理解
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You can look out for Mother Earth with these simple lifestyle swaps.
Organibox mixed fruit and veg box:26.55, Organibox. org
This brand is fully organic. Inside the mixed box, you’ll get everything from pears to sweet potatoes. While the produce doesn’t look perfect, it’s really fresh. Although the fruit and veg comes from around the world, it’s never flown, which cuts its carbon footprint. All the packaging comes in cardboard and paper, which can be easily recycled.
Veja venturi gravel natural grey women’s trainers: 120, Veja-
Tread (踩) lightly on the planet in style with these Veja trainers. The Parisian brand is leading the way in terms of sustainable footwear and this pair boasts the label’s distinctive “V” branding and as lightly retro and timeless style. The mesh (网) is made from plastic bottles, and the lining entirely from recycled polyester.
Kind Bag palms : 10,
This reusable shopper is made from recycled plastic bottles. It is large enough to hold the shopping. And when it’s not in use, it neatly folds down to a small compact size. Best of all, Kind Bag gives one percent of sales to ocean clean-up and preservation initiatives.
Face Halo body: 12.60,
These reusable gloves will leave your skin smooth and shiny. One side is made of tiny microfibres that work to remove dead skin, while the other softer side is perfect for general cleaning. The Face Halobody arrives in recyclable plastic packaging, but the brand is working towards removing this in order to become plastic-free.
1．What do we know about Organibox
A．Its packaging is plastic-free.
B．Its produce is not very fresh.
C．It delivers its boxes by plane.
D．lt features a zero-carbon footprint.
2．Which brand makes charitable donations
A．Organibox. B．Veja. C．Kind Bag. D．Face Halo.
3．Who will probably be most interested in the text
A．Product developers. B．Advertisers.
C．Bargain hunters. D．Environmentalists.
Having been born along the shores of Lake Victoria, the largest lake in Africa, Rahmina Paulette said she has witnessed firsthand the effects of climate change leading to great difficulties like drought and floods.
The 15-year-old Kenyan teenager said East Africa is highly dependent on Lake Victoria, but high pollution has led to poisoning of the water, soil erosion and health problems in people living around the lake.
As Paulette grew older, she realized she was slowly turning from being a witness to a victim of lake degradation. So, she decided to take action and save the lake in her own little way.
“Being an Indigenous person from Lake Victoria, I would like to help restore the ecosystem for my community that has an ancestral connection to the lake and also for the future generations to enjoy the cool breeze, good smells and see the biodiversity within Lake Victoria,” Paulette said.
In her efforts to end pollution in the lake, Paulette started an environmental organization called Kisumu Environmental Champions.
The young environmental champions carry out their activities during the weekends, and the group focuses on environmental conservation, climate change awareness and wildlife conservation.
The group, with about 200 members so far, has taken up the removal of the invasive plant hyacinth from the lake to make eco-friendly products. This project has earned Paulette international recognition. The group has made furniture, paper, cards, folders, document holders, bags and carton boxes from the water hyacinth.
With help from her mother, Paulette is trying to increase activities as she urges all Kenyans to incorporate eco-friendly ways in their day-to-day lives.
Apart from activists like Paulette, other organizations are casting the net wider in their attempt to save the lake. One such group is nonprofit Osienala in western Kenya. The organization has been cooperating with international partners such as those from China to save Lake Victoria.
4．What causes the problems of Lake Victoria
A．Soil erosion. B．Drought and flood.
C．Poisoning water. D．Climate change and pollution.
5．What does the underlined word “degradation” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Disappearance. B．Expansion. C．Damage. D．Restoration.
6．How does Paulette help save Lake Victoria
A．By planting more hyacinths. B．By removing the hyacinths with her mother.
C．By building a factory to make products. D．By setting up an organization.
7．What can we know about the Osienala
A．It casts some nets over the lake. B．It makes money while protecting the lake.
C．It seeks foreign cooperation to save the lake. D．It’s another organization founded by Paulette.
A selection of wildlife sculptures made out of recycled rubbish is being displayed at an exhibition at the Harley Gallery in Glasgow, England. The sculptures have, been created by Glasgow — based artist Michelle Reader, who has been working with recycled materials for over 20 years. The inspiration behind this collection of artwork was the increase in fly-tipping during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021. Fly-tipping is when people illegally dump rubbish or litter in a public place.
Reader told the BBC, “Glasgow Wildlife Trust showed me some of the materials that were found on their reserves — a washing machine, rusty bike frame, car tyres.” She decided to create wildlife sculptures out of these materials to encourage people to think about the damage fly-tipping can do to the environment and wildlife. Her three-dimensional artworks included recycled items such as skis, a gas mask, and washing machine, parts.
Reader often drew inspiration from the “beauty of the natural world,” and said that the large model of the white-tailed bee was inspired by the many hours she spent on her distribution during the pandemic. Another sculpture, of a bearded eagle, was inspired by the sighting of one such bird in the Peak District in July 2020. This was only the second time it had been spotted in the UK.
Other projects Reader has been involved with have highlighted issues such as the importance of recycling and reducing food waste. In April, the National Space Centre in Leicester, England, launched their Home Planet gallery, which featured an art installation from Reader. Using rubbish found in rivers, such as plastic bottles, tennis balls, footwear, and toys, Reader created a large wave sculpture to highlight the problem of littering.
Reader says that through her sculptures she draws attention to environmental issues in an attractive and humorous way. The exhibition is on at Harley Callery in Glasgow, England, until 24 July.
8．What inspired the exhibition at the Harley Gallery
A．Recycled materials. B．The covid -19 pandemic.
C．Wildlife sculptures. D．The increasing fly-tipping.
9．Why does Reader create the wildlife sculptures
A．To be environmentally-friendly. B．To protect wildlife animals.
C．To love the sculpture art. D．To improve creative ability.
10．Where does this passage probably come from
A．A family survey. B．A health magazine.
C．An environmental magazine. D．A science guide.
11．What may be the best title for the passage
A．Look at the art from another angle. B．Explore the artistic talents in your life.
C．Wildlife sculptures made from rubbish. D．A new way to live a sustainable life.
Two of the world’s most common species of reef-building corals seem surprisingly able to survive and even cope well with climate change, according to a new study—at least so long as global warming is kept below 2 degrees Celsius, the target set by the Paris Agreement.
The world has so far warmed by 1.1°C．The Great Barrier Reef, the world’s largest reef system, is currently in “crisis,” a recently published UN report said. That report warned that some coral reef ecosystems could face irreversible damage if the world warms more than 1.5°C．A 2018 report by the IPCC concluded that at 2 C or more, 99 percent of all reef-building corals could be lost.
But that’s not what McLachlan and her colleagues observed when they subjected Hawaiian corals to a simulated (模拟) 2 C world for nearly two years. They found that two common coral species were especially resilient (能复原的) : Two-thirds of those corals survived the simulated future.
To learn more about how both warming and acidification might threat reefs in the future, they collected samples of three common coral species and placed them in tanks where they would be exposed to the same weather as a reef just offshore. They filled a total of 40 tanks with sand, rubble, reef fish, plankton, and other reef features. The idea was to simulate ocean conditions as realistically as possible.
For 22 months, the researchers subjected some corals to 2 C of warming, some to acidified water, and some to both changes. Overall, of the corals exposed to both conditions, 46 percent of rice coral, 56 percent of lobe coral, and 71 percent of finger coral survived. Many of the corals were even thriving.
“The paper supports what has been observed in Hawaii.” says Ku’ulei Rodgers, a coral expert at the University of Hawaii at Manōa. “However, although it is hopeful that some species will survive this century, unless significant reductions in emissions occur, corals will eventually lose their fight for survival.”
12．What can we know from the passage
A．It seems some corals can adapt to a warmer world without limits.
B．The Great Barrier Reef will be lost as the world has warmed by 1.1°.
C．Two kinds of reef-building corals seem able to survive be free of global warming.
D．Living coral reefs would disappear from the planet if the world warms 2 C or more.
13．Why McLachlan and her colleagues did the study
A．To collect samples of three common coral species.
B．To simulate ocean conditions as realistically as possible.
C．To figure out how both warming and acidification might damage reefs.
D．To warn that reef ecosystems could face significant damage for global warming.
14．What does the last paragraph imply
A．Ku’ulei Rodgers speaks highly of the paper.
B．It’s hopeful that corals will survive in the future.
C．Corals will eventually lose their fight for survival.
D．Humans should spare no effort to reduce emissions.
15．How did the researchers do the research
A．By sampling and discussing.
B．By contrasting and observing.
C．By assuming and contrasting.
D．By observing and discussing.
A new study suggests that crop insurance serves as a disincentive （抑制因素） for farmers to adopt climate change relief measures on their croplands.
The study by researchers at North Carolina State University examined the interactions of warmer temperatures, crop yield （产量） risk and crop insurance participation by farmers. For the study, researchers developed models using historical county-level corn and soybean yield data in the United States, with an eye toward understanding the production impacts of rising temperatures.
The researchers found that variation in crop yield due to higher temperatures rose when more farmers had crop insurance. Interestingly, the results showed greater variability effects for corn yields than for soybean yields.
“This could be an unintended consequence of the government’s providing subsidies for crop insurance, which costs a large sum of money,” said Rod M. Rejesus, professor of agricultural and resource economics at NC State and the author of the research study. “The concept of moral crisis could be present here. If insurance will cover crop losses due to various effects like drought or severe weather, a farmer may not want to pay the extra expense for climate change adaptation efforts such as using cover crops to improve soil health, for example.”
The study models indicate that an increase of daily minimum and maximum temperatures of 1 degree Celsius would increase county-level corn yield variability by 8. 6 bushels （1 bushel equals to 35. 24 L） per acre if 80% of farmers in a county have crop insurance. The same temperature rise in a county with 10％ crop insurance participation would increase corn yield variability by just 6.2 bushels per acre.
The researchers bring up possible solutions to this situation for policymakers. They include providing more subsidies to encourage farmers’ use of climate change relief efforts—like soil health practices—and starting high-level policy conversations about how to possibly adjust rules and guidelines that govern crop insurance contracts in order to reduce the disincentive effects.
16．What does the study find about crop insurance
A．It ensures crop production. B．It leads to unexpected side effects.
C．It results in worse climate change. D．It doesn’t bring any benefits to farmers.
17．What does the underlined word “subsidies” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Market support. B．Verbal support.
C．Technical assistance. D．Financial aid.
18．What might explain the unintended consequence of crop insurance
A．Moral crisis. B．Law issue.
C．Study models. D．Custom change.
19．How did the author show the effects of crop insurance on corn yield variability
A．By doing experiments. B．By making a comparison.
C．By listing figures. D．By consulting experts.
It’s a warm June afternoon, and in a group of bushes and trees, a bird sings. A small insect climbs over a leaf. The Muziekplein forest, next to an 18-story building and a railway line, is about the size of a basketball court; before it was planted in 2018, the area was a parking place. The forest is one of seven such extremely small forests in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and 144 across the Netherlands. By the end of this year, according to IVN Nature Education, the organization proposing the country’s initiative, there will be 200.
Since the first forest was planted in the Netherlands in 2015, the concept has become popular. Daan Bleichrodt, who launched IVN’s Tiny Forest initiative with the goal of making it easier for children to get into and connect with nature, said that he thinks it is popular because people are becoming more aware of major environmental challenges. It’s a very practical way to do something positive in the light of climate change and loss of biodiversity.
Jeroen Schenkels, a senior adviser for the city of Utrecht on green planning, said he sees the mini-forests as nature-based approaches that are able to help the city weather heat waves and improve water retention (保持). But one of the biggest interests is social. “One of the most important things is that they give people the opportunity to be involved in nature in the neighbourhood,” Schenkels said.
Between 2018 and 2020, 40 different plant and animal groups and 121 total animal species were found in the Muziekplein forest alone. According to Wageningen University researchers, across the 11 tiny forests in their study, volunteers observed 636 animal species. They also identified 298 plant species in addition to the original species planted in the plots. Maintenance of the forests occasionally involves removing aggressive weeds, but in general new plant species, such as wildflowers that appear, are allowed to grow.
20．What is special about the Muziekplein forest
A．It is newly planted. B．It sits in an urban area.
C．It grows along a railway. D．It is shaped like a basketball court.
21．What’s the purpose of the Tiny Forest initiative
A．To make people realize environmental challenges.
B．To make nature more accessible to children.
C．To increase the Netherlands’ biodiversity.
D．To call for action on climate change.
22．What does paragraph 3 focus on
A．Benefits of mini-forests in cities. B．Ways to keep neighborhoods green.
C．Inspiration for planting forests in cities. D．Importance of being exposed to nature.
23．How does the author state the forests’ effect on biodiversity
A．By listing data. B．By giving examples.
C．By doing experiments. D．By making comparisons.
It is a well-known fact that plastic bottles, which take hundreds of years to rot, are harmful to our environment. However, efforts by environmentalists to encourage consumers to switch to alternatives, like water fountains or reusable bottles, have not been very effective. The U.S. alone uses over 50 million plastic bottles annually, 80% of which end up in landfills.
To try to stop that, Rodrigo García González, Pierre Paslier and Guillaume Couche from the Imperial College London have been working on a revolutionary solution — water wrapped inside an eatable container made mostly from seaweed. All the customer has to do to relieve his/her thirst is pop the entire drop into the mouth.
The inventors, who have been working on the Ooho bubble since 2014, use a simple two-step cooking process called spherification (球化) to create the delicate container. They begin by dipping a frozen ball of water or juice into a chemical solution (溶液). This helps form a layer around the liquid. The ball is then absorbed in a solution made from seaweed extract. This creates a second layer, helping strengthen the structure so that the water or juice does not leak. In addition to saving our environment, the biodegradable (可降解的) packaging costs just two cents each, making it cheaper to produce than plastic.
After three years of perfecting the design, the inventors, who recently raised over 1 million USD from a financial activity, are ready to bring the Ooho bubble to local market. However, there are a few challenges that still need to be overcome before the product’s launch. In addition to getting accustomed to the taste of the covering, each eatable container contains just a mouthful of water, requiring consumers to drink multiple bubbles to relieve their thirst. There is also the issue of finding an eco-friendly packaging to transport the bubbles so that they remain clean and do not burst. Hopefully, the inventors will find ways to handle the issues so that we can reduce, or perhaps even remove, plastic bottles.
24．Why was the Ooho bubble created
A．To test a newly-designed material. B．To change consumers’ drinking habit.
C．To reduce pollution caused by plastic. D．To take a share of drinking water industry.
25．What will the inventors probably do next
A．Solve some specific problems of the product. B．Collect more money to expand production.
C．Distribute the Ooho bubble to global market. D．Advertise the advantages of the Ooho bubble.
26．What is the author’s attitude towards the Ooho bubble’s launch
A．Uncaring. B．Doubtful. C．Confident. D．Opposed.
27．Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A．Scientists Work out a New Kind of Water
B．Plastic Bottles Will Be Replaced by the Ooho Bubble
C．Environmental Pollution is Expected to Be Solved
D．The Ooho Bubble Aims to Remove Plastic Bottles
Wind energy provided 7% of the total electricity in the United States in 2019. Since 2008, the use of coal-fired power plants has declined, as the use of renewable energy and natural gas has increased. Wind energy is an excellent way to reduce carbon emissions (排放物), but what happens when the wind turbine blades (涡轮叶片) wear out Is there a waste management issue
The design life of wind turbines is about 20 to 25 years. The longest wind turbine blade to date is 350 feet. Although certain parts of wind turbines can be relatively easily recycled, others are not designed for recyclability. Many spent turbine blades are piling up in landfills. However, researchers from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) are making progress in this area.
They developed a blade out of thermoplastic resin (热塑性树脂) that is low-cost, lightweight, and seems to be recyclable. If the new blade also proves to be strong, this will be a game changer for the offshore and onshore wind industry. Lower costs also could help improve wind energy efficiency, reducing the use of fossil fuels. A lightweight blade is easier to transport and uses less fuel. It also seems easier to recycle and uses less energy in the production process. “With the traditional material, it’s almost like when you fry an egg. It’s finished and you can’t undo that,” said Derek Berry, a senior engineer a NREL. “But with a thermoplastic resin system, you can make a blade out of it. You heat it to a certain temperature, and it melts back down. You can get the liquid resin back and reuse that.”
Although the research looks promising, progress will be slow. Most wind farms being constructed today will stop working in a few decades. The benefits of recyclable blades are still decades away at least. The associated environmental impact has largely been a bind spot for the industry. Hopefully, recent progress will help make wind power even greener.
28．What is the disadvantage of the current wind turbine blade
A．Its vast size.
B．Its short life.
C．Its negative impact on the environment.
D．Its inefficiency in producing electricity.
29．What do Derek’s words mainly show
A．Why thermoplastic resin is strong.
B．How thermoplastic resin is recycled.
C．The popularity of thermoplastic resin.
D．The production process of thermoplastic resin.
30．What is the author’s attitude to the future of wind energy
A．Pessimistic. B．Careless. C．Doubtful. D．Optimistic.
31．What is the text mainly about
A．A new way to develop turbine blades.
B．A fresh approach to using wind power.
C．An unknown renewable energy source.
D．The urge to tear down old turbine blades.
Within a few decades, global temperatures are expected to climb to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. And that’s going to be really bad for corals, according to the latest report out from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
So the recent IPCC report says that up to 1.5 we can expect 10 to 30 percent coral survivorship. And above that, it decreases sharply.
Andrea Grottoli is a distinguished professor at the Ohio State University. Amid the doom and gloom of the IPCC report, Grottoli has some rare good news. Corals may be more adaptable to future conditions than we thought.
Her team studied three species of coral from the island of Oahu, in Hawaii. They put them in tanks with either heat stress, more acidic water or both. And what really matters in this study is the one where both increases in temperature and ocean acidification, because that’s exactly what’s happening on reefs now.
Twenty-two months later, they assessed the winners and losers. They found that on average more than half the corals survived. Even after being punished with warmer, more acidic waters — the kind they’d face under two degrees of global warming, the corals survived. Two of the three species were actually physiologically performing normally. They were doing more than surviving. They were coping. They’d adapted. They were doing well.
The results appear in the journal Scientific Reports. Grottoli says the study provides hope. The world’s corals may be more resilient than we thought — especially since one of the Hawaiian species they studied is widespread around the planet.
But will this good news motivate world leaders to control warming Well, corals may be able to wait just a little longer to find out.
32．What effects does warming have on corals
A．It helps corals increase. B．It’s beneficial to corals.
C．I helps corals survive. D．It does harm to corals.
33．What does the underlined phrase “doom and gloom” probably mean in paragraph three
A．Expecting things to go well. B．Feelings of being hopeless and pessimistic.
C．Almost total darkness. D．An idea of what will happen in the future.
34．What can we infer from the study
A．All the three species were performing normally.
B．The corals could hardly stand the test conditions.
C．The results of the experiment were not significant.
D．Temperature rise and ocean acidification go hand in hand.
35．What is the author’s attitude to the result
A．Cautious. B．Ambiguous. C．Optimistic. D．Concerned.
In 2002, Huang Hui, a researcher of the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, went diving near Xisha. In addition to getting an irremovable suntan (晒黑), she was left with memories of a beautiful experience with clear water and abundant colorful corals (珊瑚). However, much of the breathtaking scenery of this reef has disappeared due to climate change and human activities. All of these factors led to the decline of the coral reef in the near shore waters. “We started to cultivate corals near the Xisha Islands in 2010, and restored more than 200,000 square meters of coral reefs,” Huang said.
In 2004, when Huang was attending the 10th International Coral Reef Symposium, she found herself the only representative from the Chinese mainland. She said she felt sad but she made up her mind to strengthen communication with other countries to improve China’s level and status in coral research. She visited top coral research institutes in the US and Australia, establishing long-term cooperation with some of the world’s top coral researchers. By far, Huang has worked on coral research and protection for 22 years. Now, China is in a leading position in terms of technology and coral planting scale.
Huang believes that people’s consciousness of coral protection matters most to the sustainable development of the coral reefs. “I want to call on more people to love nature and look at the ocean in awe,” Huang said.
Partly due to her efforts, Hainan Province released a law in 2017 banning reef exploitation (开发), trading and damaging.
Huang works as a consultant for customs and frontier police on coral protection and promotes coral protection in her local schools. Huang also provides online free training for divers to teach them proper behavior in the sea to protect coral reefs.
“A group of ‘folk scientists’ have also been trained with the hope that more people can gain awareness of the significance of coral reef protection and know how to protect them,” said Huang.
“I am 50, and when I become 60, I hope that not only a coral island will be built but a sustainable development pattern will also be created,” said Huang. “The ideal state is that the coral island should be able to support fishermen and preserve the ecosystem,” she added.
36．What impressed Huang most when going diving near Xisha in 2002
A．A permanent sunburn on her skin.
B．A large quantity of colorful corals.
C．A sweet memory of her childhood.
D．The sudden disappearance of corals.
37．What does Paragraph 2 mainly focus on
A．China’s advances in coral protection. B．Huang’s devotion to coral protection.
C．Huang’s concern over coral protection. D．People’s ignorance of coral protection.
38．What is the key to protecting corals according to Huang Hui
A．Introduction of advanced technology.
B．Tough laws banning reef exploitation.
C．Public awareness of coral protection.
D．Communication with foreign countries.
39．What is the best title for this passage
A．Corals in South China Sea are in danger.
B．Scientist plants corals to save ecosystem.
C．China is taking the lead in planting corals.
D．Measures are to be taken to protect corals.
参考答案
1．A
2．C
3．D
【解析】
【导语】
本篇为应用文。介绍四个环保产品。
1．
细节理解题。第一个产品为有机果蔬，且从介绍中的最后一句话“All the packaging comes in cardboard and paper, which can be easily recycled.”（所有包装材料是由硬纸板和纸制作……）”可知，Organibox的包装是无塑料的。故选A项。
2．
细节理解题。从第三个产品介绍的最后一句“Kind Bag gives one percent of sales to ocean clean-up and preservation initiatives.”（Kind Bag 品牌将销售额百分之一捐赠给海洋清理和保护计划）可知，该机构会进行慈善捐款。故选C。
3．
推理判断题。从本文标题中“The Best Eco-friendly Products for July 2022”（2022年7月最佳环保产品）以及具体产品介绍，可知四个产品均为环保产品，最感兴趣的应为环境保护主义者，故选D。
4．D
5．A
6．D
7．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了非洲最大湖泊维多利亚湖由于气候变化和污染，正在逐渐消失。Rahmina Paulette想帮助恢复生态，于是建立了环保组织。
4．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Having been born along the shores of Lake Victoria, the largest lake in Africa, Rahmina Paulette said she has witnessed firsthand the effects of climate change leading to great difficulties like drought and floods.(出生在非洲最大湖泊维多利亚湖畔的Rahmina Paulette说，她亲眼目睹了气候变化导致的干旱和洪水等巨大困难的影响)”以及第二段“The 15-year-old Kenyan teenager said East Africa is highly dependent on Lake Victoria, but high pollution has led to poisoning of the water, soil erosion and health problems in people living around the lake. (这位15岁的肯尼亚少年说，东非高度依赖维多利亚湖，但高污染已经导致湖水中毒，水土流失，以及生活在湖周围的人们的健康问题)”可知，气候变化和污染导致了维多利亚湖的问题。故选D。
5．
词句猜测题。根据第一段“Having been born along the shores of Lake Victoria, the largest lake in Africa, Rahmina Paulette said she has witnessed firsthand the effects of climate change leading to great difficulties like drought and floods.(出生在非洲最大湖泊维多利亚湖畔的Rahmina Paulette说，她亲眼目睹了气候变化导致的干旱和洪水等巨大困难的影响)”以及第二段内容可知，维多利亚湖遭遇了干旱和污染，目前正在消失，所以Paulette意识到自己正在慢慢地从湖泊消失的目击者变成受害者。故画线词意思是“消失”。故选A。
96．
细节理解题。根据第五段“In her efforts to end pollution in the lake, Paulette started an environmental organization called Kisumu Environmental Champions.(为了努力消除湖中的污染，Paulette创办了一个名为Kisumu环境冠军的环境组织)”可知，Paulettet通过建立一个组织来帮助拯救维多利亚湖。故选D。
7．
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“One such group is nonprofit Osienala in western Kenya. The organization has been cooperating with international partners such as those from China to save Lake Victoria. (肯尼亚西部的非营利组织Osienala就是这样一个组织。该组织一直与中国等国际伙伴合作拯救维多利亚湖)”可知，Osienala寻求外国合作来拯救湖泊。故选C。
8．D
9．A
10．C
11．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。近日，一组由回收垃圾制成的野生动物雕塑在英国格拉斯哥的哈利画廊展出。文章主要介绍了这次展览背后的灵感以及作者创作这些雕塑的原因。
8．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The inspiration behind this collection of artwork was the increase in fly-tipping during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021. Fly-tipping is when people illegally dump rubbish or litter in a public place.(这一系列艺术品的灵感来自于2020年和2021年Covid-19大流行期间非法倾倒垃圾的增加。非法倾倒是指人们在公共场所非法倾倒垃圾或乱扔垃圾)”可知，越来越多的非法倾倒垃圾启发了哈雷美术馆的展览。故选D。
9．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“She decided to create wildlife sculptures out of these materials to encourage people to think about the damage fly-tipping can do to the environment and wildlife.(她决定用这些材料创作野生动物雕塑，以鼓励人们思考非法倾倒废物对环境和野生动物造成的破坏)”以及最后一段中“Reader says that through her sculptures she draws attention to environmental issues in an attractive and humorous way.(Reader说，通过她的雕塑作品，她以一种迷人而幽默的方式引起了人们对环境问题的关注)”可知，Reader创作这些野生动物雕塑是为了环保。故选A。
10．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Reader says that through her sculptures she draws attention to environmental issues in an attractive and humorous way.(Reader说，通过她的雕塑作品，她以一种迷人而幽默的方式引起了人们对环境问题的关注)”结合文章说明了近日，一组由回收垃圾制成的野生动物雕塑在英国格拉斯哥的哈利画廊展出。文章主要介绍了这次展览背后的灵感以及作者创作这些雕塑的原因。可推知，文章选自环境杂志。故选C。
11．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“A selection of wildlife sculptures made out of recycled rubbish is being displayed at an exhibition at the Harley Gallery in Glasgow, England. The sculptures have, been created by Glasgow — based artist Michelle Reader, who has been working with recycled materials for over 20 years.(一组由回收垃圾制成的野生动物雕塑正在英国格拉斯哥的哈雷画廊展出。这些雕塑是由格拉斯哥的艺术家米歇尔·瑞德创作的，她使用回收材料已经超过20年了)”再结合文章主要介绍了这次展览背后的灵感以及作者创作这些雕塑的原因。可知，C选项“垃圾制作的野生动物雕塑”最符合文章标题。故选C。
12．D
13．C
14．D
15．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章主要讲述全球温度的升高对珊瑚的影响。
12．
推理判断题。根据第一段“Two of the world’s most common species of reef-building corals seem surprisingly able to survive and even cope well with climate change, according to a new study—at least so long as global warming is kept below 2 degrees Celsius, the target set by the Paris Agreement.”(一项新的研究显示，世界上最常见的两种造礁珊瑚似乎能够令人惊讶地生存下来，甚至能够很好地应对气候变化——至少在全球变暖保持在《巴黎协定》设定的2摄氏度以下的情况下)和最后一段““The paper supports what has been observed in Hawaii. ” says Ku’ulei Rodgers, a coral expert at the University of Hawaii at Manōa . “However, although it is hopeful that some species will survive this century, unless significant reductions in emissions occur, corals will eventually lose their fight for survival.””(“这篇论文支持了在夏威夷观察到的现象。”夏威夷大学Manōa分校的珊瑚专家库乌莱·罗杰斯说。“然而，尽管某些物种有希望在本世纪存活下来，但除非排放量大幅减少，否则珊瑚最终将输掉生存之战。”)可知，如果全球变暖2摄氏度或更高，活着的珊瑚礁将从地球上消失。故选D。
13．
细节理解题。根据第四段“To learn more about how both warming and acidification might threat reefs in the future, they collected samples of three common coral species and placed them in tanks where they would be exposed to the same weather as a reef just offshore.”(为了进一步了解气候变暖和海水酸化在未来对珊瑚礁的威胁，他们收集了三种常见的珊瑚物种的样本，并把它们放置在与近海珊瑚礁相同天气的水箱中。)可知，McLachlan和她的同事们做这项研究的目的是为了进一步了解气候变暖和海水酸化在未来对珊瑚礁的威胁。故选C。
14．
推理判断题。根据最后一段““The paper supports what has been observed in Hawaii. ” says Ku’ulei Rodgers, a coral expert at the University of Hawaii at Manōa . “However, although it is hopeful that some species will survive this century, unless significant reductions in emissions occur, corals will eventually lose their fight for survival.””(“这篇论文支持了在夏威夷观察到的现象。”夏威夷大学Manōa分校的珊瑚专家库乌莱·罗杰斯说。“然而，尽管某些物种有希望在本世纪存活下来，但除非排放量大幅减少，否则珊瑚最终将输掉生存之战。”)可知，要想保护珊瑚，人类应该不遗余力地减少排放。故选D。
15．
推理判断题。根据第三段“But that’s not what McLachlan and her colleagues observed when they subjected Hawaiian corals to a simulated (模拟) 2 C world for nearly two years. They found that two common coral species were especially resilient (能复原的) : Two-thirds of those corals survived the simulated future.”(但是当 McLachlan 和她的同事们将夏威夷珊瑚置于模拟2摄氏度的环境中近两年时，他们观察到的并非如此。他们发现两种常见的珊瑚物种具有特别的适应能力：其中三分之二的珊瑚在模拟的未来中存活了下来。)和第五段“For 22 months, the researchers subjected some corals to 2 C of warming, some to acidified water, and some to both changes. Overall, of the corals exposed to both conditions, 46 percent of rice coral, 56 percent of lobe coral, and 71 percent of finger coral survived. Many of the corals were even thriving.”(在22个月的时间里，研究人员让一些珊瑚受到2摄氏度的升温，一些受到酸化水的影响，还有一些受到两种变化的影响。总的来说，在暴露于这两种环境中的珊瑚中，46% 的大米珊瑚、56% 的叶珊瑚和71% 的指状珊瑚存活了下来。许多珊瑚甚至茁壮成长。)可知，研究人员们主要通过对比和观察的方法做的这项研究。故选B。
16．B
17．D
18．A
19．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。一项新的研究表明，农作物保险可能会让农民在农田里不积极采取气候变化缓解措施。
【详解】
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study suggests that crop insurance serves as a disincentive （抑制因素） for farmers to adopt climate change relief measures on their croplands.”（一项新的研究表明，农作物保险阻碍了农民在他们的农田上采取气候变化救济措施。）和第四段“If insurance will cover crop losses due to various effects like drought or severe weather, a farmer may not want to pay the extra expense for climate change adaptation efforts such as using cover crops to improve soil health, for example.”（如果保险将涵盖因干旱或恶劣天气等各种影响而造成的作物损失，农民可能不想为适应气候变化的努力支付额外的费用，例如使用覆盖作物改善土壤健康。）可知，农作物保险带来了一个预料之外的后果：因为有了保险覆盖他们的损失，所以农民不愿意额外花钱采取气候变化缓解措施以应对极端天气。故选B。
2. 词义猜测题。根据“This could be an unintended consequence of the government’s providing subsidies for crop insurance, which costs a large sum of money,” （“这可能是政府为农作物保险提供subsidies的意外后果，这需要花费一大笔钱。”）后面的money可知，此处应该是指政府在经济方面的补助。故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据第四段 “The concept of moral crisis could be present here. If insurance will cover crop losses due to various effects like drought or severe weather, a farmer may not want to pay the extra expense for climate change adaptation efforts such as using cover crops to improve soil health, for example.”（道德危机的概念可能会解释这个问题的出现。如果保险将涵盖由于干旱或恶劣天气等各种影响造成的作物损失，农民可能会不想支付额外的费用，例如使用覆盖作物改善土壤健康状况。）可知，道德危机也许能解释农作物保险的意外后果。故选A。
4. 推理判断题。根据第五段“The study models indicate that an increase of daily minimum and maximum temperatures of 1 degree Celsius would increase county-level corn yield variability by 8. 6 bushels （1 bushel equals to 35. 24 L） per acre if 80% of farmers in a county have crop insurance. The same temperature rise in a county with 10％ crop insurance participation would increase corn yield variability by just 6.2 bushels per acre.”（研究模型表明，如果一个县80%的农民有作物保险，每日最低和最高温度升高1摄氏度将使该县的玉米产量变异性每英亩增加8.6蒲式耳（1蒲式耳等于35.24升）。在一个有10%作物保险参与的县，同样的温度升高只会使玉米产量变异性每英亩增加6.2蒲式耳。）可知，作者列出数据来说明农作物保险对玉米产量变异性的影响。故选C。
20．B
21．B
22．A
23．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。荷兰城市里的微型森林不仅可以帮助城市抵御热浪，提高蓄水能力，还使人们有更多机会接触周围的自然环境。
20．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“The Muziekplein forest, next to an 18-story building and a railway line, is about the size of a basketball court; before it was planted in 2018, the area was a parking place.(Muziekplein森林，旁边是一座18层的建筑和一条铁路线，大约有一个篮球场那么大；在2018年种植之前，该地区是一个停车场)”可推知，该森林位于城镇区域。故选B。
21．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Daan Bleichrodt, who launched IVN’s Tiny Forest initiative with the goal of making it easier for children to get into and connect with nature, said that he thinks it is popular because people are becoming more aware of major environmental challenges.(Daan Bleichrodt发起了IVN的“小森林”计划，目的是让孩子们更容易进入大自然，与大自然接触。他说，他认为这一计划之所以受欢迎，是因为人们越来越意识到重大的环境挑战)”可知，Daan Bleichrodt 发起的微型森林计划的目的是让孩子们更容易接近大自然。故选 B。
22．
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Jeroen Schenkels, a senior adviser for the city of Utrecht on green planning, said he sees the mini-forests as nature-based approaches that are able to help the city weather heat waves and improve water retention (保持). But one of the biggest interests is social. “One of the most important things is that they give people the opportunity to be involved in nature in the neighbourhood,” Schenkels said.(乌得勒支市绿色规划高级顾问Jeroen Schenkels说，他认为迷你森林是一种以自然为基础的方法，能够帮助城市抵御热浪，提高保水能力。但最大的利益之一是社会利益。Schenkels说：“最重要的事情之一是，它们让人们有机会参与到周围的大自然中。”)”可知，城市里的微型森林不仅可以帮助城市抵御热浪，提高蓄水能力，还使人们有更多机会接触周围的自然环境，故本段主要关注的是城市里的微型森林的益处。故选 A。
23．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Between 2018 and 2020, 40 different plant and animal groups and 121 total animal species were found in the Muziekplein forest alone. According to Wageningen University researchers, across the 11 tiny forests in their study, volunteers observed 636 animal species. They also identified 298 plant species in addition to the original species planted in the plots.(2018年至2020年期间，仅在Muziekplein森林就发现了40种不同的植物和动物类群以及121种动物物种。据瓦赫宁根大学的研究人员称，在他们的研究中，志愿者们在11片小森林中观察了636种动物。除了原始种植的植物，他们还确定了298种植物)”可知，作者用了列数字的方法来说明城市里的微型森林对生物多样性的影响。故选A。
24．C
25．A
26．C
27．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新型饮用水Ooho bubble的产生背景、研发过程以及投放市场前所做的准备等情况。
24．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It is a well-known fact that plastic bottles, which take hundreds of years to rot, are harmful to our environment.(众所周知，塑料瓶要几百年才能腐烂，对我们的环境有害。)”以及“The U.S. alone uses over 50 million plastic bottles annually, 80% of which end up in landfills.(仅美国每年就使用超过5000万个塑料瓶，其中80%最终被扔进了垃圾填埋场。)”可知，Ooho bubble被研发出来的目的是为了结局塑料造成的污染问题。故选C。
25．
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However, there are a few challenges that still need to be overcome before the product’s launch. (然而，在产品发布之前还有一些挑战需要克服。)”可知，Ooho bubble研发者在接下来会解决产品存在的具体问题。故选A。
26．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Hopefully, the inventors will find ways to handle the issues so that we can reduce, or perhaps even remove, plastic bottles.(希望发明者能找到解决问题的方法，这样我们就能减少，甚至移除塑料瓶。)”可知，作者对Ooho bubble投放市场是充满信心的。故选C。
27．
主旨大意题。通读全文，本文主要介绍了新型饮用水Ooho bubble的产生背景、研发过程以及投放市场前所做的准备等情况。同时文章也指出，研发这种饮用水的目的是为了解决塑料水瓶带来的污染问题。故D选项“The Ooho Bubble Aims to Remove Plastic Bottles(“Ooho泡泡”旨在去除塑料瓶)”能够概括文章大意。故选D。
28．C
29．B
30．D
31．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文，主要讲的是风力发电对环境有益，但目前许多风力涡轮叶片使用完后都被填埋了，对环境造成了一定危害。为了解决这一难题，研究人员研究出了制作环保叶片的方法。
28．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Many spent turbine blades are piling up in landfills.(许多废弃的涡轮机叶片堆积在垃圾填埋场。)”可知，对环境的负面影响是现在涡轮叶片的一个弊端。故选C。
29．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“But with a thermoplastic resin system, you can make a blade out of it. You heat it to a certain temperature, and it melts back down. You can get the liquid resin back and reuse that.(但是用热塑性树脂系统，你可以用它做一个叶片。你把它加热到一定的温度，它就会融化。你可以把液体树脂拿回来再利用。)”可知，Derek的话主要说明了热塑性树脂如何回收。故选B。
30．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Although the research looks promising, progress will be slow.(尽管这项研究看起来很有希望，但进展将很缓慢)”和“Hopefully, recent progress will help make wind power even greener.(希望最近的进展将有助于使风力发电更加环保。)”可推知，作者对风能的未来持乐观态度。故选D。
31．
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The design life of wind turbines is about 20 to 25 years. The longest wind turbine blade to date is 350 feet. Although certain parts of wind turbines can be relatively easily recycled, others are not designed for recyclability. Many spent turbine blades are piling up in landfills. However, researchers from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) are making progress in this area.(风力涡轮机的设计寿命约为20 ~ 25年。迄今为止最长的风力涡轮机叶片是350英尺。虽然风力涡轮机的某些部分可以相对容易地回收，但其他部分不是为可回收性而设计的。许多废弃的涡轮机叶片堆积在垃圾填埋场。然而，来自国家可再生能源实验室的研究人员正在这一领域取得进展。)”，并结合文章首先介绍了美国的风力能源使用情况，接着向读者抛出了两个问题：风力涡轮叶片磨损后如何处理和是否存在垃圾处理问题可知，本文主要介绍制作环保的涡轮机叶片的方法，旨在解决目前的难题。即文章主要讲的是发展涡轮叶片的新途径。故选A。
32．D
33．B
34．D
35．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了全球变暖给珊瑚生存带来危害，在未来几十年内，全球气温预计将比工业化前的水平上升1.5摄氏度。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及结果的意义。
32．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Within a few decades, global temperatures are expected to climb to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. And that’s going to be really bad for corals, according to the latest report out from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.(在未来几十年内，全球气温预计将比工业化前的水平上升1.5摄氏度。根据政府间气候变化专门委员会的最新报告，这对珊瑚来说将是非常糟糕的)”可知，气候变暖对珊瑚有害。故选D。
33．
词句猜测题。根据第二段“So the recent IPCC report says that up to 1.5 we can expect 10 to 30 percent coral survivorship. And above that, it decreases sharply.”可知，因此，最近的IPCC报告说，上升1.5，我们可以预期10%到30%的珊瑚存活率，在此之上，它急剧下降。由此可知IPCC的报告充满了绝望和悲观的感觉。故画线词意思是“绝望和悲观的感觉”。故选B。
34．
推理判断题。根据第四段“They put them in tanks with either heat stress, more acidic water or both. And what really matters in this study is the one where both increases in temperature and ocean acidification, because that’s exactly what’s happening on reefs now.(他们把它们放在有高温压力或酸性水的容器中，或者两者都有。在这项研究中，真正重要的是温度上升和海洋酸化，因为这正是现在珊瑚礁上发生的事情)”可推知，研究中，温度上升和海洋酸化是携手并进的。故选D。
35．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Grottoli says the study provides hope. The world’s corals may be more resilient than we thought — especially since one of the Hawaiian species they studied is widespread around the planet.(Grottoli说，这项研究带来了希望。世界上的珊瑚可能比我们想象的更有弹性——尤其是他们研究的一种夏威夷珊瑚在地球上广泛存在)”可推知，作者对结果是乐观态度。故选C。
36．B
37．B
38．C
39．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了研究员黄晖为保护珊瑚礁而做出的努力。
36．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“she was left with memories of a beautiful experience with clear water and abundant colorful corals .(清澈的海水和丰富多彩的珊瑚给她留下了美好的回忆)”可知，大量色彩斑斓的珊瑚给她留下了美好的回忆。故选B。
37．
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“In 2004, when Huang was attending the 10th International Coral Reef Symposium, she found herself the only representative from the Chinese mainland. She said she felt sad but she made up her mind to strengthen communication with other countries to improve China’s level and status in coral research. She visited top coral research institutes in the US and Australia, establishing long-term cooperation with some of the world’s top coral researchers. By far, Huang has worked on coral research and protection for 22 years. (2004年，当黄晖参加第十届国际珊瑚礁研讨会时，她发现自己是中国大陆唯一的代表。她说她感到悲伤，但她决心加强与其他国家的沟通，以提高中国在珊瑚研究方面的水平和地位。她访问了美国和澳大利亚的顶级珊瑚研究机构，与一些世界顶级珊瑚研究人员建立了长期合作关系。到目前为止，黄晖已经从事珊瑚研究和保护工作22年了)”可知，本段讲述的是黄晖对保护珊瑚礁的全身心投入以及贡献。故选B。
38．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Huang believes that people’s consciousness of coral protection matters most to the sustainable development of the coral reefs.(黄晖认为，人们保护珊瑚的意识对珊瑚礁的可持续发展至关重要)”可知，人们树立保护珊瑚的意识是修复珊瑚礁的关键。故选C。
39．
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段““We started to cultivate corals near the Xisha Islands in 2010, and restored more than 200,000 square meters of coral reefs,” Huang said.(黄晖说：“2010年，我们开始在西沙群岛附近培育珊瑚，修复了20多万平方米的珊瑚礁。”)”和最后一段““I am 50, and when I become 60, I hope that not only a coral island will be built but a sustainable development pattern will also be created,” said Huang. “The ideal state is that the coral island should be able to support fishermen and preserve the ecosystem,” she added.(她说：“我今年50岁，当我60岁时，我希望建造的不仅仅是一座珊瑚岛，而是一个可持续发展的模式。”她补充说：“理想状态是珊瑚岛应该能够支持渔民和保护生态系统。”)”以及总览全文，文章讲述的是黄晖培育珊瑚，对保护珊瑚礁的全身心投入，同时希望以此来形成一种可持续的发展模式，保护生态系统。故B选项“Scientist plants corals to save ecosystem.(科学家种植珊瑚以拯救生态系统。)”适合文章的标题。故选B。阅读理解
Mr Doyle strolled into our classroom — all limbs and high-end literature. And from the moment he opened his mouth, he started opening our minds.
We were a bunch of awkward twelve-year-old’s — in our first year of secondary school at JannaliBoys’ High in Sydney’s south. To say that JBHS wasn’t well-known for its attachment to academia would be an understatement (轻描淡写). To say it celebrated the arts over sport or humanities over science would be a flat-out lie. But in the grand tradition of all good public high schools, if you wanted to learn, there was opportunity. You just had to dodge (躲开) the fruit fights at lunch time to find it.
Mr Doyle was our English teacher and ‘The Wind In ‘The Willows’ was our text. While other English teachers would read each chapter out loud — their monotone barely penetrating (穿透) the heaviness of a Sydney summer afternoon — Mr Doyle would act out every part. Mole, Ratty, Badger and Mr Toad all came vividly to life in that little classroom. The words sprang off the page, the music of language was given life. And a lifelong love affair with books took root.
One afternoon, for no apparent reason, Mr Doyle marched us out onto the oval. Confused but excited, we lay down on the grass and stared up at the sky while Mr Doyle recited poetry. It was all very Dead Poets Society.
Then, after term one school holidays, we all came back to discover Mr Doyle had disappeared. Weeks later, he appeared in Pizza Hut commercial, and months after that, he starred in the Bodyline mini-series. We were all star struck. Knowing someone who was on the telly was the height of amazing back then.
I met up with Mr Doyle twelve years later. I had gone on to become a young journalist and he had gone on to become an admired and wildly-successful radio and TV broadcaster — better known to the country as Rampaging Roy Slaven.
John Doyle, you were #theteacherthatshapedme and I salute you.
1．What can we learn about JBHS
A．It has a flexible school policy.
B．It is criticized for its tough discipline.
C．It lacks a satisfactory learning environment.
D．It is famous for its high academic standards.
2．What do the underlined words “Mole, Ratty, Badger and Mr Toad” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Fictional characters. B．The author’s classmates.
C．Book titles. D．Mr Doyle’s colleagues.
3．Which of the following words best describe John Doyle
A．Caring and mild-mannered. B．Passionate and well-trained.
C．Talented and sympathetic. D．Dynamic and unconventional.
4．What type of writing is this text
A．A biography. B．A blog post. C．A letter. D．A fantasy story.
It's amazing how often we take advantage of things in life. When we're used to something, we don't always appreciate how lucky we are to have it. While we're here complaining that our WiFi isn't fast enough and our videos keep buffering (卡顿), there are people in Africa who don't even get to eat three meals a day. While most people work hard for the things they own, it's important to stop and think of what others don't have every now and again. You may not think that shoes are something worth going crazy over, but the Uganda woman would disagree. After all, she went wild when she put a pair on for the first time in her life.
That's what Laura Grier did one day. The woman was in Bwindi National Park, Uganda, when she felt it necessary to stop and help someone by the side of the road. The person in question was standing around without any shoes on, and the sight convinced Grier to give up her own footwear. She had more shoes at home, while this woman had never even worn a pair before.
Laura's generosity was definitely appreciated by the stranger who treated her benefactor (恩人) to a celebratory dance. The woman couldn't keep the smile from her face as she went wild in her brand-new shoes. Grier was thrilled that her good deed had made the stranger so happy, and she cheered on the Ugandan woman as she danced in the street.
The next time you buy a pair of shoes, remember how lucky you are to have them.
5．What does the author talk about in the first paragraph
A．Her view about what we have. B．Something that we are used to.
C．The appreciation of her shoes. D．Her opinion about the Uganda woman.
6．Why did Laura Grier give her shoes to the woman
A．To offer some help to her. B．To show off extra shoes.
C．To show her curiosity. D．To exchange it for a meal.
7．How did the Uganda woman's feel about the shoes
A．Strange. B．Thankful. C．Shocked. D．Reasonable.
8．What would be the best title for the text
A．Never Expect Too Much of Life B．Don't Admire What Others Have.
C．Value What We Already Have. D．Know More About Africa.
The COVID-19 pandemic has been a frequent topic of conversation for most of us over the past year. As we dreamt of indoor dining, vacations ,and hugging our friends again, my friend Ana texted that her mother, living in Brazil, had been infected by the coronavirus. I won’t go into details here, but the disruption to life in Brazil have been especially upsetting considering their social and cultural norms (规范).
Ana is Brazilian, and I’m from the US. While living in New York City, we became fast friends despite the few awkward cultural differences I learned to deal with. She was comfortable with intimacy; I preferred to keep my distance. She liked the company of many; I liked the friendship of few. It was awkward for me to lean in for a quick hug, only to be embraced then kissed on the cheeks. To this day, I’m not an excellent cheek kisser, but I try. She is one of many people over the years who have educated me, in a way, about delighting in cultural differences.
I called Ana to check on her mother and I was primarily curious about how social and cultural norms have been affected. It’s difficult, said Ana, because the necessary health regulations are opposite to “what we believe and everything we know about living in a community and displaying feelings of love”, but she hasn’t given up hope. I asked if the shifts made during the pandemic will change cultural norms. “Absolutely not,” said Ana. This is who Brazilians are in nature and change doesn’t happen overnight. They spend a lot of time and energy investing in relationships, and the deeply rooted social conventions won’t change quickly.
Over the years, Ana has shared many stories that emphasize the differences in our upbringing. I delight in our differences, even if kissing on the cheek makes me uncomfortable. We find our commonalities, like talking with our hands, being expressive, and valuing community. And we learn from our differences. COVID disrupted many things, but through all of this, Ana said, we must constantly be adjusting, understanding, and doing what’s best for our communities and the people we love.
9．Which of the following words can best replace the underlined word in Paragraph 1
A．Adjustment. B．Disturbance. C．Commitment. D．Preference.
10．What can we learn about Ana from Paragraph 2
A．She is good at educating other people.
B．She enjoys the close contact with others.
C．She prefers to stay alone in her own comfort zone.
D．It took a long time for her to make friends with me.
11．Why doesn’t Ana think the pandemic will change social and cultural norms
A．Because the Brazilians are born to be sociable.
B．Because the social conventions are easy to change.
C．Because the health regulations consist with her beliefs.
D．Because Brazilians rarely value investment in relationships.
12．What would be the best title for the passage
A．My Attitude towards Friendship B．A Valuable Lesson in the Pandemic
C．The Influence of COVID-19 on Life D．My Acceptance of Cultural Differences
At a restaurant, a cockroach(蟑螂) suddenly flew from somewhere and sat on a lady. She started screaming out of fear. With a panic stricken face and trembling voice, she started jumping, with both her hands desperately trying to throw away the cockroach. Her reaction was contagious, as everyone in her group also got panicky.
The lady finally managed to push the cockroach away but ...it landed on another lady in the group. Now, it was the turn of the other lady in the group to continue the drama. The waiter rushed forward to their rescue. In the relay of throwing, the cockroach next fell upon the waiter. The waiter stood firm, composed himself and observed the behavior of the cockroach on his shirt. When he was confident enough, he grabbed it with his fingers and threw it out of the restaurant.
Sipping my coffee and watching the amusement, I picked up a few thoughts and started wondering, was the cockroach responsible for their dramatic behavior If so, then why was the waiter not disturbed He handled it near to perfection, without any chaos. It is not the cockroach, but the inability of those people to handle the disturbance caused by the cockroach, that disturbed the ladies.
I realized that, it is not the shouting of my father or my boss or my wife that disturbs me, but it's my inability to handle the disturbances caused by their shouting that disturbs me. It's not the traffic jams on the road that disturbs me, but my inability to handle the disturbance caused by the traffic jam that disturbs me. More than the problem, it's my reaction to the problem that creates chaos in my life.
13．What does word “the drama” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Escape from the restaurant . B．Sip her coffee.
C．Get rid of the cockroach. D．Rush to the waiter.
14．Which of the following best describes the waiter
A．Calm. B．Brave. C．Confident. D．Stubborn.
15．What disturbed the lady according to the author
A．Being laughed at by her group. B．Her fear of the cockroach.
C．Her incapability to deal with the cockroach. D．Her jumping and screaming.
16．What does the author try to convey in the text
A．It is never too late to learn.
B．Think twice before you act.
C．Always be ready to help others.
D．Your reaction to the problem determines how you feel.
Born in Hungary,Katalin Kariko always wanted to be a scientist when she was young. Her love of biology took her to the University of Szeged where she studied and then worked as a researcher at its Biological Research Center. Unfortunately, in 1985, Dr.Kariko’s university’s research program ran out of money. Kariko, her husband, and their 2-year-old daughter moved to America for her new job that could make her go on with her research at university in Philadelphia, America.
Kariko has spent her whole life trying to figure out how to use a person’s own cells to cure and prevent illness. She focused on mRNA,or messenger RNA, which could be used to instruct cells to make their own medicines, including vaccines(疫苗). In the 1990’s, Kariko tried to get money from big companies to do her experiments.No one would do that because her ideas about mRNA were too unbelievable at the time. “I thought maybe I’m not good enough, not smart enough. I tried to imagine: Everything is here, and I just have to do better experiments,” Kariko said.
Fortunately, a meeting at a university photocopying machine changed her life. She met another researcher, Dr.Drew Weissman. She told him, “I am an mRNA scientist—I can make anything with mRNA．” Weissman told her he just wanted to make vaccines against HIV. Kariko said, “Yeah, yeah, I can do it.” After that, they worked together for many years exploring the possibilities of mRNA, which led to the development of a vaccine for COVID-19.
Finally, two biotech companies, Moderna, in America, and BioNTech, in Germany, took notice of their work. The two companies provided money to support Weissman’s lab.
Now, Kariko and Weissman are considered as heroes of COVID-19 vaccine development.
17．Why did Kariko move to America with her family
A．To find a research partner. B．To look for a better-paid job.
C．To make more money. D．To continue her research.
18．What was the big companies’ initial attitude to Kariko’s research
A．Favorable. B．Doubtful. C．Objective. D．Tolerant.
19．What was Dr.Drew Weissman’s focus before he met Kariko
A．Putting mRNA into practice. B．Making COVID-19 vaccines.
C．Developing vaccines against HIV. D．Advising companies to help himself.
20．What can we learn from Kariko’s story
A．Never say no to your dream. B．Time is money.
C．Never too late to learn. D．Practice makes perfect.
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle is a name that every lover of English literature will always remember and cherish. He is the pen father of the extraordinary detective Sherlock Holmes and a number of detective stories.
Arthur chose to go to medical field and become a surgeon from the University of Edinburgh, and this is the place where Arthur met a person who influenced him to become a writer. It was one of his teachers Dr. Joseph Bell who was master at observation, logic, detection and diagnosis. All these qualities were later found in the character of the celebrated detective Sherlock Holmes.
1888 was a significant year that rocketed Doyle to fame with his novel which was named as “A Study in Scarlet” in which he introduced his two immortal characters—Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson. The story “The Sign of Four” was instrumental in establishing Sherlock Holmes and Arthur Conan Doyle in literature. The writer tried to open a practice in Paris but not a single patient came to him, which proved to be a blessing in disguise. It gave him a lot of time to think. And it was here that he met an illustrator named Sydney Paget who created the image of Sherlock Holmes which captured the minds of the readers and made the detective famous all over.
Doyle’s next creation was the delightfully violent Professor Challenger. “The Lost World” which involved Professor Challenger was an immediate success. Finally, because of his wife’s illness, Doyle decided to devote his life to his previous work rather than writing. This was the time when he decided to end the stories of Sherlock Holmes, which he did in “The Final Problem”.
The great Arthur Conan Doyle died at the age of 71 in 1930. He has left a legacy (遗产) to last us a lifetime and is still alive through his books and stories.
21．What can we know about Conan Doyle from the first two paragraphs
A．He was a doctor in his early age.
B．He is the pen father of detective stories.
C．All the qualities of his books came from his teacher.
D．His teacher recommended him to write detective story.
22．Which book made Conan Doyle a hit overnight
A．The Lost World. B．The Sign of Four.
C．The Final Problem. D．A Study in Scarlet.
23．What does the underlined phrase “a blessing in disguise” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Facts speak louder than words. B．Practice makes perfect.
C．Behind bad luck comes good luck. D．Failure is the mother of success.
24．What is the best title for the text
A．Sherlock Holmes: a selfless person.
B．Detective stories: the mainstream of reading.
C．Sherlock Holmes: a famous detective writer.
D．Detective stories: a big fortune for Sherlock Holmes.
Our English literature teacher Miss Linda was new to teaching. But she always did her best to make learning fun and pleasant. But the thing that truly solidified her spot as my favorite teacher was that for every student’s birthday she would give us a personalized notebook.
It was just a simple small notebook, but she had filled the first page with her own words which made me realize how good a person I was. As a teenager who had a terrible home life, it made all the difference in how I acted the rest of the year.
In a session of English class, we were discussing a passage we had read. One student Jack made a point. Miss Linda basically said Jack was wrong. The next day, after we took our seats, she said, “Before we begin, I was thinking about what Jack said yesterday. Let’s take a look at that again. My knowledge is limited in this field where you are definitely better than me.” She repeated Jack’s point and encouraged discussions among students. After the discussions, it became apparent that Jack’s point really held water. I was impressed by Miss Linda who acknowledged her mistake publicly.
After class, I had to purchase some red punch cards to get lunch at school. Unfortunately, I didn’t have that much money to purchase enough cards. Miss Linda noticed I often skipped meals and brought an extra sandwich to me in private. She not only offered me the food which I desperately needed, but also the self-respect which I valued as a teenage boy. Also, she never criticized any students in public, which really made her popular among students.
25．What might be included in the personalized notebook
A．Students’ test scores.
B．Students’ advantages.
C．Miss Linda’s blessing.
D．Miss Linda’s own thoughts.
26．Which statement about Jack is true
A．Class discussions proved Jack’s point is right.
B．Jack proved his point by himself.
C．Miss Linda agreed with Jack’s point at first.
D．Jack was more knowledgeable than Miss Linda.
27．Why was Miss Linda enjoying popularity among students
A．She always made learning fun and pleasant.
B．She gave each student a notebook for his birthday.
C．She had the courage to admit her mistake.
D．She paid attention to students’ dignity.
28．Which of the following can best describe Miss Linda
A．Humorous and open-minded. B．Generous and strict.
C．Caring and modest. D．Determined and warm-hearted.
Liz Murray grew up in the Bronx, New York City, with drug-addicted parents who sometimes sold household (家用的) items in order to get their fix. As a child, Murray hated school because when she did go, she was teased as an oddball (怪人) by other students.
As Murray grew older, her parents lost their apartment. Her mother, who suffered from AIDS, became increasingly ill and was sent to hospital, while her father struggled from shelter to shelter. Rather than submit to the dehumanization (非人性化) and sadness that had characterized her brief experience in childhood, Murray chose to look after herself.
When Murray was 16, her mother died, which was a big shock to her and caused her to question where her life was going. With an eighth-grade education, Murray decided that, as she said, “Life rewards action. I was going to go out there and… have action in my life every day.”
After Murray was admitted to an alternative high school, she took a double course load and completed high school in only two years. The school took its top 10 students, including Murray, on a trip to Boston, where the group walked through Harvard Yard. Later, she was admitted to Harvard with scholarship and graduated in 2009. During this period, her father also passed away due to AIDS.
Along the way, Murray began to tell her story through writing and public speaking. Her tale was adapted by Lifetime Television in the 2003 film “Homeless to Harvard: the Liz Murray Story.” She is also an enthusiastic writer whose the best-selling memoir(回忆录), “Breaking Night,” was published in 2010. Now a member of the Washington Speakers’ Bureau, Murray has found she has a skill for sharing her insights with audiences across the country, and she has founded a company, Manifest Living, which works to enable adults to create extraordinary things in their lives.
In all she does, Murray shows ambition - not only to achieve material goals and accomplishments, but more importantly, to overcome great difficulties and achieve the very best she can.
Ambition. Pass It On!
29．Which of the following best explains the phrase “get their fix” in Para. 1
A．To get rid of drugs.
B．To pay for their taxes.
C．To exchange cheaper items.
D．To purchase drugs again.
30．According Para. 3, Murray began to think about her future because of _________.
A．the death of her mother
B．the suffering of dehumanization
C．the admission of her high school
D．the decision of looking after herself
31．According to Para. 5, which of the following statement is TRUE
A．The 2003 film “Breaking Night” turned out a great success.
B．Murray doesn’t possess talent for sharing insights with audiences.
C．Besides telling stories, Murray is also a productive writer.
D．Manifest Living was founded in 2010 to help ambitious adults.
32．What’s the main idea of this passage
A．Start working hard before you lose your parents.
B．Set your goals and be determined to achieve them.
C．Never be addicted to drugs and care for your health.
D．Express sympathy for those who have painful childhoods.
As I had grown up in Belgium, going to university in the UK made me feel lost and lonely. Although I was struggling, I felt unable to share how I was feeling with anyone and didn’t know where I could turn for support.
Things were getting harder and harder, and one day I was on my way back to university when I had a sudden thought that ending my life would be a way out. I was in my own world when a lady standing nearby came up for me and said: “Are you waiting for a train Are you OK ”
Although I didn’t say much back to her, the little conversation was all it took to interrupt my thoughts of ending life. I got the next train back to university. The small talk was a wake-up call and made me realize it’s OK to reach out for help. I spoke to my university and they provided me with a teacher to help. I also shared my feelings with my loved ones. By seeking some timely and useful help and being honest about what I was feeling, I created a strong support network that I could lean on when I needed to.
When I started working at Network Rail in 2012, I heard that Samaritans provided training for staff working in the rail industry on identifying and helping people who may be vulnerable. Instantly, I knew I had to sign up. I wanted to turn my experience into something useful and positive, and to equip myself to help others who might be feeling like I did back then. The training was fantastic and interestingly shone a light on the fact that everyone has the skills to save a life.
So, if you ever notice someone who you think might be struggling, try talking to them. You already have everything you need to save a life. Take it from me, starting a conversation can be all that it takes.
33．How did the author feel when studying in the UK
A．Unadaptable. B．Generous. C．Worthwhile. D．Appealing.
34．What can we infer about the author from the third paragraph
A．He benefited little from the conversation with a lady.
B．He learned to bravely go to others for assistance.
C．He helped the mentor to create a network.
D．He still dealt with problems on his own.
35．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” probably mean
A．Bad-tempered. B．Easy-going. C．Warm-hearted. D．Easily-broken.
36．What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A．It’s rewarding to help others in need.
B．Helping others needs no skills at all.
C．A small talk can make a big difference.
D．Where there is a will, there is a way.
Dozens of sea turtles swim past as I dive. Suddenly a diver cuts me off. Then another. “Hey!” I think. “Watch where you’re going!” Then I realize: These aren’t divers. They are sea lions! The creatures blow bubbles at me and the group of 11 kids I’m on vocations with, hitting us slightly on our backs. To not bother them much, we tear ourselves away from the wonderland.
We take this trip to the Galapagos Islands, a group of tropical islands crossing the equator. Our hotel is a boat called the Eclipse that has a pool. Humans aren’t allowed to live on most of the islands. The only way people can experience the magic of this place and meet animals on all the islands is by “panga”. “Our small motorboat is more important than the Eclipse. It’s very safe,” says a local guide, Fielsch. Lack of human threat makes the animals friendly. “They don’t know enough to be scared of humans.” Our group experience that firsthand. When we return after our diving adventure, we find sea lions lying next to our backpacks! Walking along the sand, we see more wildlife: seals, red crabs, orcas.
The following morning, we reach Fernandina Island, known for its volcano. Flightless birds called cormorants build nests on the rocks. Nearby are Galapagos penguins. Averaging about 19 inches in height, they’re the second smallest species of penguin in the world. “The Galapagos are so curious,” says 12-year-old Harry. “You’ve got penguins living far from the frozen South Pole, and birds that don’t fly!”
As we ride back, six penguins stand like soldiers, seeming to say goodbye. It’s our last day; none of us wants to leave this place. We know this trip has been a milestone for us. A marked shift in our attitudes towards the natural world is underway. “The Galapagos Islands seem to break the world’s rules,” says Harry. “More than ever, I’m interested in saving the environment. These animals truly need our care,” his sister Hannah adds.
37．How does the author find the diving experience
A．Attractive. B．Disturbing.
C．Dangerous. D．Valuable.
38．What’s the function of “panga”
A．To protect people from danger.
B．To provide a shelter for local people.
C．To guide people in seeing the animals.
D．To transport people to each of the islands.
39．What’s special about Galapagos penguins
A．They are not able to fly.
B．They remain hidden from view.
C．They live in a tropical climate.
D．They’re the smallest of their kind.
40．Why is the trip considered a milestone for the author’s group
A．It expands their knowledge of the world.
B．It changes the way they think about nature.
C．It inspires them to protect the environment.
D．It enables them to interact with various wildlife.
参考答案
1．C
2．A
3．D
4．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。作者以博客文的形式记叙了为作者打开文学世界大门的优秀老师John Doyle的故事，并向老师致敬。
1．
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“To say that JBHS wasn’t well-known for its attachment to academia would be an understatement (轻描淡写).”(说JBHS不以依附学术界而闻名是保守的说法。)和最后两句“But in the grand tradition of all good public high schools, if you wanted to learn, there was opportunity. You just had to dodge (躲开) the fruit fights at lunch time to find it.”(但在所有优秀公立高中的伟大传统中，如果你想学习，就有机会。你只需要避开午餐时间的水果大战就能找到。)可知，JBHS缺乏令人满意的学习环境。故选C。
2．
词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Mr Doyle was our English teacher and ‘The Wind In ‘The Willows’ was our text.”(Doyle先生是我们的英语老师，《柳林风声》是我们的课文。)，第二句中的“Mr Doyle would act out every part”(Doyle先生会把每个角色都表演出来)和第三句中的“all came vividly to life in that little classroom”(在那间小教室里都变得生动起来)可知，Doyle先生在讲述课文时，会把每一个角色表演出来，这些角色在教室里变得生动起来，因此推断“Mole, Ratty, Badger and Mr Toad”是小说《柳林风声》中的角色。故选A。
3．
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句和第三句“While other English teachers would read each chapter out loud — their monotone barely penetrating (穿透) the heaviness of a Sydney summer afternoon — Mr Doyle would act out every part. Mole, Ratty, Badger and Mr Toad all came vividly to life in that little classroom.”(当其他英语老师大声朗读每一章时——他们单调的语调几乎无法穿透悉尼夏日午后的沉闷——Doyle会表演每一个部分。鼹鼠、鼠儿、獾和蟾蜍先生在那间小教室里都活得活灵活现。)可知，比较其他老师，John Doyle上课时会表演，让那些小说中的角色活灵活现，因此推断他充满活力，不墨守陈规。故选D。
4．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“John Doyle, you were #theteacherthatshapedme and I salute you.”(John Doyle，你是塑造我的老师，我向你致敬。)可知，这是一篇博客文。故选B。
5．A
6．A
7．B
8．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文为一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述Laura Grier遇到一个乌干达女人，将自己的脚上的鞋送给这个乌干达女人故事，告诉读者，要懂得珍惜拥有的一切。
5．
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“When we're used to something, we don't always appreciate how lucky we are to have it.（当我们习惯于某个东西时，我们总是不懂得去感激我们是多么幸运能拥有它。）”和本段的举例可知，作者在第一段提出自己的观点，我们总是不懂得去珍惜感激现在所拥有的东西，故选A。
6．
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“That's what Laura Grier did one day. The woman was in Bwindi National Park, Uganda, when she felt it necessary to stop and help someone by the side of the road.The person in question was standing around without any shoes on, and the sight convinced Grier to give up her own footwear.（这也就是Laura Grier那天所做的事。她站在乌干达布恩迪国家公园，这时她觉得有必要停下来帮助路边的人。那个人站在那里，没有穿鞋，这一景象说服了Grier放弃了她自己的鞋子。）”可知，Laura将鞋子给了那个乌干达女人是为了帮助她，故选A。
7．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Laura's generosity was definitely appreciated by the stranger who treated her benefactor (恩人) to a celebratory dance.（Laura的慷慨无疑无疑得到了这个陌生人的感激，乌干达女人为她的恩人跳起了庆祝的舞蹈。）”可知，乌干达女人对于Laura所送的那双鞋充满了感激之情，故选B。
8．
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“When we're used to something, we don't always appreciate how lucky we are to have it.（当我们习惯于某个东西时，我们总是不懂得去感激我们是多么幸运能拥有它。）”和文章最后一段“The next time you buy a pair of shoes, remember how lucky you are to have them.（下次你买鞋的时候，要记住，你是多么幸运才能拥有它们的。）”可知，作者通过讲述Laura Grier送乌干达女人鞋的故事告诉我们，应该要珍惜我们现在所拥有的一切，故C项“珍惜我们所拥有的”符合文章标题，故选C。
9．B
10．B
11．A
12．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一名美国人，在与巴西友人安娜的相处中，她了解到虽然疫情在一定程度上影响了巴西人的生活，但是根植的传统文化是不会轻易改变的，得益于与安娜多年的友谊，作者学会了求同存异，最后欣然接受了文化差异。
9．
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“I won’t go into details here, but the disruption to life in Brazil have been especially upsetting considering their social and cultural norms (规范). (在这里我就不细说了，但考虑到巴西的社会和文化规范，这种对生活的disruption尤其令人不安)”句中have been especially upsetting可推知，划线词是指对生活造成打扰或破坏 ，所以尤其令人不安。结合选项，划线词与disturbance意思相近，意为“扰乱，干扰”。故选B项。
10．
细节理解题。根据第二段“She was comfortable with intimacy; I preferred to keep my distance.(她对亲密无间感到很自在；我宁愿保持距离)”可知，即便有新冠疫情的影响，安娜仍喜欢与人亲近。故选B项。
11．
推理判断题。根据第三段“I asked if the shifts made during the pandemic will change cultural norms. “Absolutely not,” said Ana. This is who Brazilians are in nature and change doesn’t happen overnight. They spend a lot of time and energy investing in relationships, and the deeply rooted social conventions won’t change quickly.(我问，疫情期间所做的改变是否会改变文化规范。“绝对不是，”安娜说。这就是巴西人的本质，改变不会在一夜之间发生。他们在人际关系上投入了大量的时间和精力，根深蒂固的社会习俗不会很快改变)”可推知，安娜认为大流行不会改变社会和文化规范，是因为巴西人天生善于交际，在人际关系上投入了大量的时间和精力，根深蒂固的社会习俗不会很快改变。故选A项。
12．
主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合文章最后一段中“I delight in our differences, even if kissing on the cheek makes me uncomfortable.(我喜欢我们的不同，即使亲吻脸颊让我不舒服)”可推知，作者在巴西友人的影响下，改变了对文化差异的看法，最后作者学会了求同存异，欣然接受了文化差异，故“My Acceptance of Cultural Differences (我对文化差异的接受)”文章最佳标题。故选D项。
13．C
14．A
15．C
16．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是记叙文。讲述了一个由蟑螂引发思考的故事。
13．
词句猜测题。根据第一段中“With a panic stricken face and trembling voice, she started jumping, with both her hands desperately trying to throw away the cockroach.（她一脸惊恐，声音颤抖，开始跳起来，双手拼命想把蟑螂扔掉）”以及第二段中“The lady finally managed to push the cockroach away but ...it landed on another lady in the group. Now, it was the turn of the other lady in the group to continue the drama. （这位女士终于把蟑螂推开了，但是……它落在了群里的另一位女士身上。现在，轮到另一位女士继续表演了）”可知，第二段中“the drama”指的是摆脱掉蟑螂。故选C项。
14．
推理判断题。根据第二段中“In the relay of throwing, the cockroach next fell upon the waiter. The waiter stood firm, composed himself and observed the behavior of the cockroach on his shirt. When he was confident enough, he grabbed it with his fingers and threw it out of the restaurant.（在投掷接力中，蟑螂又落在了服务员身上。服务员站得很稳，使自己镇定下来，观察着衬衫上蟑螂的行为。当他足够自信时，他用手指抓住它，把它扔出了餐厅）”可推知，服务员在处理蟑螂的过程中非常冷静。故选A项。
15．
细节理解题。根据第三段中最后一句“It is not the cockroach, but the inability of those people to handle the disturbance caused by the cockroach, that disturbed the ladies.（不是因为蟑螂，而是因为这些人无力应对蟑螂引起的骚乱，才让这些女士们感到不安）”可知是因为这些人无力应对蟑螂打扰了这位女士。故选C项。
16．
细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“More than the problem, it's my reaction to the problem that creates chaos in my life.（不仅仅是问题本身，而是我对问题的反应在我的生活中制造了混乱）”可知，作者试图在文中传达你对问题的反应决定了你的感受。故选D项。
17．D
18．B
19．C
20．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Kariko反复地进行实验研究直至最后成功开发出COVID-19 疫苗，以此告诉人们要努力实现心中的梦想。
17．
推理判断题。根据第一段的“ Kariko, her husband, and their 2-year-old daughter moved to America for her new job that could make her go on with her research at university in Philadelphia, America.（Kariko、她的丈夫和他们 2 岁的女儿为了她的新工作搬到了美国，这可以让她在美国费城的大学继续她的研究。）”可知，Kariko要和家人一起搬到美国的原因是Kariko要继续她的研究。故选D项。
18．
推理判断题。根据第二段的“ In the 1990’s, Kariko tried to get money from big companies to do her experiments. No one would do that because her ideas about mRNA were too unbelievable at the time.（在1990 年代，Kariko 试图从大公司那里获得资金来进行她的实验。没有人会这样做，因为当时她关于 mRNA 的想法太令人难以置信。）”可知，大公司最初对Kariko 研究持怀疑的态度。故选B项。
19．
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Weissman told her he just wanted to make vaccines against HIV. （Weissman 告诉她，他只是想制造针对 HIV 的疫苗。）”可知，Dr.Drew Weissman 在遇到 Kariko 之前关注的重点是开发针对艾滋病病毒的疫苗。故选C项。
20．
推理判断题。根据第二段的““I thought maybe I’m not good enough, not smart enough. I tried to imagine: Everything is here, and I just have to do better experiments,”Kariko said.（Kariko说，“我想也许我不够优秀，不够聪明。我试着想象：一切都在这里，我只需要做更好的实验”。）”和第三段的“After that, they worked together for many years exploring the possibilities of mRNA, which led to the development of a vaccine for COVID-19.（之后，他们一起工作了多年，探索 mRNA 的可能性，从而开发了 COVID-19 疫苗。）”可知，Kariko反复地做进行实验研究直至最后取得成功，因此从她的身上我们得到了启示：永远不要对你的梦想说不。故选A项。
21．A
22．D
23．C
24．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇为记叙文。文章主要讲述了侦探小说家亚瑟 柯南 道尔爵士的生活经历及其著名小说。
21．
细节理解题。根据文章第二“Arthur chose to go to medical field and become a surgeon from the University of Edinburgh, and this is the place where Arthur met a person who influenced him to become a writer.(亚瑟选择了医学领域，并在爱丁堡大学成为了一名外科医生，在那里亚瑟遇到了一个影响他成为作家的人。)”可知，亚瑟早期曾经是一名医生。故选A项。
22．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “1888 was a significant year that rocketed Doyle to fame with his novel which was named as “A Study in Scarlet” in which he introduced his two immortal characters—Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson.( 1888年是意义重大的一年，道尔凭借小说《血字的研究》一举成名。在小说中，他介绍了他的两个不朽角色——夏洛克·福尔摩斯和华生医生。)”可知，道尔凭借其小说“A Study in Scarlet”一举成名。故选D项。
23．
词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词前“The writer tried to open a practice in Paris but not a single patient came to him,(作者试图在巴黎开一家诊所，但没有一个病人来找他，)”以及划线词后“It gave him a lot of time to think. And it was here that he met an illustrator named Sydney Paget who created the image of Sherlock Holmes which captured the minds of the readers and made the detective famous all over.(这给了他很多时间去思考。正是在这里，他遇到了一位名叫西德尼·佩吉特的插画家。佩吉特创作了夏洛克·福尔摩斯的形象，吸引了读者的注意力，使这位侦探名声大震。)”可知，起初亚瑟试图在巴黎开一家诊所，但没有一个病人来找他，而这也刚好给了给了他很多时间思考，而且他正是在这里遇到了让侦探夏洛克 福尔摩斯名声大震的一位名叫西德尼 佩吉特的插画家。)”，所以此处划线词的意思是说亚瑟因祸得福。故选C项。
24．
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Sir Arthur Conan Doyle is a name that every lover of English literature will always remember and cherish. He is the pen father of the extraordinary detective Sherlock Holmes and a number of detective stories.(阿瑟·柯南·道尔爵士是每个英国文学爱好者都会永远记住和珍惜的名字。他是杰出侦探夏洛克·福尔摩斯的笔父，并创作了许多侦探小说。)”可知第一段总体概述阿瑟 柯南 道尔的影响及成就，文章最后一段“The great Arthur Conan Doyle died at the age of 71 in 1930. He has left a legacy (遗产) to last us a lifetime and is still alive through his books and stories.(1930年，伟大的阿瑟·柯南·道尔去世，享年71岁。他留下了一份遗产，让我们一辈子受益，通过他的书和故事，他仍然活着。)”进一步指出阿瑟 柯南 道尔虽然去世了，但是他的影响永远存在，文章二三四段主要讲述了他的生平经历以及著名作品的情况，由此可知本文主要给我们介绍了侦探小说家亚瑟 柯南 道尔爵士的生活经历及其著名小说，所以C项作为文章标题最为合适。故选C项。
25．B
26．A
27．D
28．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是记叙文。作者描述了自己最喜欢的一位中学教师。
25．
推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“ … but she had filled the first page with her own words which made me realize how good a person I was.”（琳达老师在笔记本的第一页写的那些话让我意识到我是多么好的一个人。）可知，琳达老师写的是学生们的优点。故选B项。
26．
推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“Miss Linda basically said Jack was wrong.”（琳达老师基本上是说杰克错了）和“I was impressed by Miss Linda who acknowledged her mistake publicly.”（琳达老师公开承认自己的错误给我留下了深刻的印象）可知，一开始，琳达老师认为Jack的观点是错的，但是经过讨论，琳达老师当众承认了自己的错误。这说明Jack的观点是对的。故选A项。
27．
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“She not only offered me the food which I desperately needed, but also the self-respect which I valued as a teenage boy. Also, she never criticized any students in public, which really made her popular among students.”（她不仅给了我急需的食物，还给了我作为一个十几岁男孩所珍视的自尊。而且，她从不在公共场合批评任何学生，这使她在学生中很受欢迎）可知，琳达老师不仅私下为作者解决吃饭问题，也从不当众批评任何学生。琳达老师注重维护学生的尊严，这使她成为了受学生欢迎的教师。故选D项。
28．
推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“My knowledge is limited in this field where you are definitely better than me.”（我在这个领域的知识有限，而你们肯定比我强）可知，琳达老师认为她的知识在这个领域是有限的，学生一定会比她强。最后一段“Miss Linda noticed I often skipped meals and brought an extra sandwich to me in private.”（琳达老师注意到我经常不吃饭，私下里给我多带了一块三明治） 可以看出老师对我的关怀。综上所述，她是一位关爱学生而且谦逊的教师。故选C项。
29．D
30．A
31．A
32．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是记叙文。主要写了一个叫Liz的女孩子在父母吸毒早逝的情况下自己化悲痛为力量努力生活的故事。
29．
词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Liz Murray grew up in the Bronx, New York City, with drug-addicted parents who sometimes sold household(家用的)items in order to get their fix.(莉兹·默里(Liz Murray)在纽约市布朗克斯区长大，父母都吸毒成瘾，他们有时会出售家庭用品来get their fix.）”可推断Liz的父母吸毒成瘾，结合常识可推断有时会出卖家庭用品来“获取毒品”，由此可猜测get their fix意为“再次购买毒品。”与D.To purchase drugs again(再次购买毒品)意思相近。故选D。
30．
细节理解题。根据第三段的“When Murray was 16, her mother died, which was a big shock to her and caused her to question where her life was going.(莫里16岁时，她的母亲去世了，这对她来说是一个巨大的打击，让她质疑自己的人生将何去何从。）”可知根据第3段，默里因为母亲的去世开始考虑她的未来，故选A。
31．
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“She is also an enthusiastic writer whose the best-selling memoir（回忆录），“Breaking Night,“was published in 2010.（她还是一位热情的作家，2010年出版了畅销回忆录《Breaking Night》.）”可知2003年的电影《Breaking Night》取得了巨大的成功。由此可知A项表述符合文意，结合题干，故选A。
32．
主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“Liz Murray grew up in the Bronx, New York City, with drug-addicted parents who sometimes sold household(家用的)items in order to get their fix. As a child, Murray hated school because when she did go, she was teased as an oddball (怪人) by other students. (莉兹·默里(Liz Murray)在纽约市布朗克斯区长大，父母都吸毒成瘾，有时为了得到毒品，他们会卖掉家庭用品。小时候，默里讨厌上学，因为当她去上学时，她被其他学生嘲笑为怪人。）根据倒数第二段“In all she does, Murray shows ambition - not only to achieve material goals and accomplishments, but more importantly, to overcome great difficulties and achieve the very best she can.”（在她所做的一切中，默里表现出了雄心壮志——不仅要实现物质目标和成就，更重要的是，克服巨大的困难，做到最好。）以及下文内容可知，本文主要写了一个叫Liz的女孩子在父母吸毒早逝的情况下自己化悲痛为力量努力生活的故事。由此可知Set your goals and be determined to achieve them.(设定目标，下定决心去实现它们。）概括文意，故选B。
33．A
34．B
35．D
36．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了大学时的无助曾经使作者产生了自杀的念头，但与一位陌生女士的短暂交谈使作者意识到可以寻求帮助，在及时的帮助和支持下，作者度过了艰难时期，并决定去帮助别人。
33．
推理判断题。根据第一段“As I had grown up in Belgium, going to university in the UK made me feel lost and lonely. Although I was struggling, I felt unable to share how I was feeling with anyone and didn’t know where I could turn for support.(由于我在比利时长大，在英国上大学让我感到失落和孤独。虽然我在挣扎，但我觉得无法与任何人分享我的感受，也不知道在哪里可以寻求支持)”可知，作者很迷茫，无法适应新的环境。故选A项。
34．
细节理解题。根据第三段“The small talk was a wake-up call and made me realize it’s OK to reach out for help.(那次短暂的交谈给了我提醒，让我意识到去寻求帮助是可以的)”可知，在短暂的交谈之后，作者意识到可以勇敢地向别人寻求帮助。故选B项。
35．
词句猜测题。根据第三段“Although I didn’t say much back to her, the little conversation was all it took to interrupt my thoughts of ending life.(虽然我没有跟她说太多话，但那次短暂的谈话打断了我结束生命的念头)”以及第四段“When I started working at Network Rail in 2012, I heard that Samaritans provided training for staff working in the rail industry on identifying and helping people who may be vulnerable. Instantly, I knew I had to sign up. I wanted to turn my experience into something useful and positive, and to equip myself to help others who might be feeling like I did back then.(当我2012年开始在英国国营铁路公司工作时，我听说撒玛利亚人为铁路行业的工作人员提供了识别和帮助vulnerable的人的培训。立刻，我知道我必须注册。我想把我的经历变成一些有用和积极的东西，并让自己有能力帮助那些可能感觉像我那时那样的人)”可知，在听说撒玛利亚人会为铁路员工提供有关识别和帮助脆弱人群的培训之后，作者想要将自己的经历变成有用的和积极的东西，推测划线单词表示“脆弱的”，与easily-broken同义。故选D项。
36．
推理判断题。根据第三段“The small talk was a wake-up call and made me realize it’s OK to reach out for help.(那次短暂的交谈给了我提醒，让我意识到去寻求帮助是可以的)”以及最后一段“So, if you ever notice someone who you think might be struggling, try talking to them. You already have everything you need to save a life. Take it from me, starting a conversation can be all that it takes.(所以，如果你注意到你认为可能在挣扎的人，试着与他们交谈。你已经拥有了拯救生命所需的一切。相信我吧，开始一段对话就够了)”可知，作者鼓励大家在发现有人遇到困难的时候，要尝试与其进行短暂的交谈，短暂的交谈有时会对他人产生巨大的作用。故选C项。
37．A
38．D
39．C
40．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了到加帕拉格斯岛旅行的经历，这次旅行对作者的团队来说是一个里程碑，它改变了他们对自然的看法。
37．
观点态度题。根据第一段最后一句话“To not bother them much, we tear ourselves away from the wonderland.(为了不打扰它们，我们离开了仙境)”可知，作者认为这次潜水的地方简直是个仙境。由此可推知，这次潜水的经历是很有吸引力的。故选A。
38．
推理判断题。根据第二段第四、五句话“The only way people can experience the magic of this place and meet animals on all the islands is by “panga”. “Our small motorboat is more important than the Eclipse. (只有通过“panga”，人们才能体验这个地方的魔力，并在所有岛屿上见到动物。“我们的小型摩托艇比Eclipse更重要。它非常安全，”当地导游费尔施说)”可推知，“panga”的功能是将人们送到每个岛上。故选D。
39．
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话“You’ve got penguins living far from the frozen South Pole, and birds that don’t fly!(有企鹅住在远离冰冻南极的地方，还有不会飞的鸟！)”可知，有些企鹅住在远离南极的地方。由此可推知，加拉帕戈斯企鹅生活在热带气候中。故选C。
40．
细节理解题。根据最后一段第四、五句话“We know this trip has been a milestone for us. A marked shift in our attitudes towards the natural world is underway. (我们知道这次旅行对我们来说是一个里程碑。我们对自然世界的态度正在发生显著转变)”可知，这次旅行对作者的团队来说是一个里程碑，它改变了他们对大自然的认识。故选B。阅读理解
Many people who want to lose weight often choose to go on a diet. But is this really the best way With celebrities (名人) speaking about new diets that have helped them become slim (苗条的) in advertisements (广告), more and more people are turning to dieting. Some shops begin to sell diet products such as diet milkshakes, snack bars and even diet pills. However, such popular products and diets are often found to be extremely unhealthy.
Most of these popular diets work by cutting down on a certain nutrient (营养素) from your food intake (摄入量). For example, some diets work by cutting down on carbohydrates (碳水化合物). This means the body must use its fat reserves for energy. This might help you lose weight. However, by cutting a particular food group out of your diet, you are starving your body of a nutrient that it needs, which could leave you feeling weak, tired or even bad-tempered. Besides, these diets are often unsuccessful in the long run.
Generally, one of the most effective ways of losing weight is to cut down on calories. The recommended (推荐的) calorie intake for an adult male is 2,500. If a man consumes more than 2, 500 calories each day, then he is likely to gain weight. However, if he consumes less, then he is likely to lose weight.
In fact, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals all play an important role in staying healthy, which is why they all should be included in your meals. Of course, some foods can be eaten in moderation (节制) as an occasional snack. For example, a bar of chocolate every once in a while won’t cause you any problems.
So, instead of spending money on popular diet pills or special weight loss foods, try to eat healthy balanced meals containing foods from all food groups. So, next time your friends tell you that they are going on a diet, tell them that eating a healthy balanced diet is a much better choice.
1．What can we know about the popular diets mentioned in the para. 1
A．They are effective to lose weight. B．They are extremely unhealthy.
C．They help get people slim. D．They can replace people’s everyday meals.
2．How to lose weight effectively according to the passage
A．By reducing calorie intake. B．By forming a strict diet.
C．By taking regular exercise. D．By having diet products.
3．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Diet products should be moderately taken.
B．Keeping a balanced diet is the best policy.
C．It’s necessary to reduce carbohydrates intake.
D．Going on a diet should be stopped immediately.
4．In which column of a newspaper will the passage be found
A．Foods and health. B．Human and nature.
C．Economy and technology. D．Sports and exercise.
Taking a regular afternoon nap（小睡）may bring better mental functions（心理机能）in old people, a study has found. Researchers found sleeping in the afternoon has something to do with better memory in the ageing Chinese population.
The study, published in online journal General Psychiatry, examined the sleep patterns of 2,214 healthy people aged 60 and over in several large cities in China, including Beijing and Shanghai. Of those who took part in the study, 1,534 took a regular afternoon nap of between five minutes and two hours, while 680 did not.
Participants（参与者）in the study were asked how often they napped during the week, with answers from once a week to every day. The average length of nighttime sleep was around 6.5 hours in both groups, though no information was about how long they sleep.
All participants took part in a dementia（痴呆）screening test to check their mental functions across a number of areas The researchers found important differences in memory, with scores higher among the napping group.
“In addition to reducing sleepiness, mid-day naps offer a lot of benefits such as strengthening memory, preparation for following learning, and emotional stability, but these effects were not observed in all cases,” the researchers said.
However, the researchers did point out the research could not prove whether afternoon naps put off the dementia of older people, or whether they might be a sign of dementia. The researchers plan to continue their research to understand the details of these connections, and hope to publish more work in this field in the future.
5．According to the text，afternoon naps can help old people___________.
A．remember things better B．keep their promises
C．treat others with kindness D．live a rich life
6．How did the researchers get the findings
A．By watching the old people's regular afternoon nap.
B．By comparing the participants' mental functions
C．By showing many facts about old people's dementia.
D．By asking the participants to take many physical examinations
7．What can we know from the last paragraph
A．Afternoon naps can put dementia off.
B．The participants will write more works.
C．There will be a further study on afternoon naps.
D．The author of the text wants to make the study.
8．What does the text mainly talk about
A．The advantages of afternoon naps for the old.
B．The harm of old people's dementia.
C．The connection between living longer and dementia.
D．The way to develop the habit of taking afternoon naps
Restricting meals to early in the day did not affect weight among overweight adults with prediabetes or diabetes(糖尿病), according to a research presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2020.
“We have wondered for a long time if when one eats during the day affects the way the body uses and stores energy,” said study author Nisa M. Maruthur, associate professor of medicine in Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. “Most previous studies have not controlled the number of calories, so it wasn't clear if people who ate earlier just ate fewer calories. In this study, the only thing we changed was the time of eating in the day.”
Maruthur and colleagues followed 41 overweight adults in a 12-week study. Most participants(参与者)（90%）were African American women with prediabetes or diabetes, and average age of 59 years. Twenty-one of the adults followed a time-restricted eating pattern, limiting eating to specific hours of the day and ate 80% of their calories before 1 pm. The remaining 20 participants ate at usual times during a 12-hour window, consuming half of their daily calories after 5 pm for the entire 12 weeks. All participants consumed the same pre-prepared, healthy meals provided for the study. Weight and blood pressure were measured at the beginning of the study；then at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks.
The analysis found that people in both groups lost weight and had decreased blood pressure no matter when they ate. "We thought that the time-restricted group would lose more weight,” Maruthur said. “Yet that didn't happen. We did not see any difference in weight loss for those who ate most of their calories earlier versus later in the day. We did not see any effects on blood pressure either.”
The researchers are now collecting more detailed information on blood pressure recorded over 24 hours, and they will bring this information together with the results of a study on the effects of time-restricted feeding on blood sugar, insulin(胰岛素)and other hormones and making analyses on the data. "Together, these findings will help us to more fully understand the effects of time-restricted eating on cardiometabolic(心血管代谢)health," Maruthur said.
9．What made this study different from earlier ones
A．Participants' age. B．Participants' daily eating time
C．The number of participants. D．Research members.
10．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．Research procedure. B．Research result.
C．Research purpose. D．Research institution.
11．What do we know from Maruthur's words in paragraph 4
A．Blood pressure is connected with eating time.
B．Taking in less calories earlier makes for weight loss.
C．Eat calories earlier doesn't affect weight loss.
D．Eating time determines your effect of losing weight.
12．What may the researchers do next according to the last paragraph
A．Stop research. B．Announce findings.
C．Write essays. D．Analyze data.
Biological age might help determine your quality of life as you get older, since your cells and organs have ages varying from your regular age. Many aging-research scientists believe that knowing your biological age could help you postpone or avoid age-related illnesses, and better predict an individual’s lifespan (寿命). Other scientists argue that there’s no standard way to measure biological age. At the center of the debate are hopes that people can extend their lives by changing their behaviors.
Since everybody’s genes (基因) are different, tracking your biological age could help determine your most helpful habits and customize them. People also can attempt to lower their biological age through ways of effectively managing stress.
Dr. Sinclair at Harvard is developing a biological-age test based on chemical changes on DNA．He plans to launch it with a new company called Tally Health. Though criticized by other scientists for hyping the results of some of his findings for his business, he says that he doesn’t overstate his research findings.
Inside Tracker, a personalized-nutrition company founded by scientists, calculates biological age by having users take blood tests and analyzing the samples for marks of diseases. Those who test as older than their years get recommendations to adjust diet, exercise and medicine.
Many other health startups are offering testing that claims to calculate biological age, sometimes with little scientific backing, and designing medicine aimed at boosting youthfulness.
Stephen Robert tested himself earlier this year with an at-home blood test as an effort to improve his health at age 51. “I drink and smoke,” he says, so he expected his biological age to be a lot older than his calendar age. He says he was shocked when test results reported his biological age was 24.
Gordan Lauc, professor of biochemistry and chief scientific officer of GlycanAge, says the results make sense given Mr. Robert’s genetics — longevity runs in his family and lifestyle, which is likely less stressful.
13．What can people do after knowing their biological ages
A．Improve their calendar ages to prevent diseases.
B．Determine ways to effectively manage stress.
C．Get personalized-nutrition plan to improve health.
D．Lengthen their lives by changing their conduct.
14．Why did some scientists criticize Dr. Sinclair
A．He overstated his findings to make a profit.
B．His scientific research was far from mature.
C．His company let out people’s biological age.
D．Biological-age test did harm to people’s health.
15．What accounts for Stephen’s young biological age according to Gordan
A．He manages stress in life successfully. B．He had good nutrition at his childhood.
C．His family has a long-life tradition. D．He has improved his biological life.
16．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A．Understand Your Calendar Life and Stay Healthy
B．Meet Your Biological Age and Extend Your Life
C．Improve Your Biological Age with Good Habits
D．Employ Biological Technology to Start Business
For thousands of years, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been used across China and Southeast Asia. Its practices have developed over time and now, scientists are giving it a high-tech update.
Developed by Singaporean company AiTreat, “EMMA”is a robot masseuse（女按摩师) designed to give Tui Na, a type of TCM bodywork similar to a deep tissue massage (深层组织按摩)，a 21st-century makeover. Using sensors and 3D vision to measure muscle stiffness (僵硬)，EMMA (which stands for “Expert Manipulative Massage Automation”) identifies pressure points and gives massages to patients to help offer pain relief and relaxation. AiTreat founder and CEO Albert Zhang hopes that EMMA can create low-cost massage treatments that can be part of the growing attraction of preventative medicine.
In 2015, Zhang founded AiTreat. A trained TCM physician, Zhang has firsthand experience treating patients.
Patients lying on the table might not even notice the difference between EMMA and a real-life masseuse -but Zhang doesn't want robots to replace masseuses. Instead, he says that they can help by taking away the back-breaking work masseuses do every day, and enable them to “focus on the 10% highly skilled part,” which can increase their productivity and income while reducing the cost for patients. “One physician can only see one patient at a time,but with EMMA, the physician can control two robots and see up to four patients at the same time,” he says.
While TCM practitioners accept years of training, EMMA’s AI system has been trained with thousands of “data points”-bodies of different shapes, sizes and ethnicities-to find the acupoints (穴位) in each individual, says Zhang.
Currently, Zhang says 11 robots are working at eight different clinics (诊所)in Singapore, with plans to send them overseas. “We are seeing great responses from practitioners in the US and China,” he adds.
17．What do we know about EMMA
A．It is developed by a Chinese company.
B．It has become part of preventative medicine.
C．It can comfort patients by massaging them.
D．It needs to locate the stiffness with the help of doctors.
18．What advantage does EMMA have according to paragraph 4
A．It is more reliable than a real masseuse.
B．It can work on highly skilled parts.
C．It is softer than a real masseuse.
D．It is highly effective.
19．What is Zhang’s attitude to the future of EMMA
A．Worried. B．Confident. C．Uncaring D．Thankful.
20．What is the best title for the text
A．Tui Na massage by a robot masseuse
B．TCM being accepted by more patients
C．Humans losing job opportunities due to AI robots
D．Battle between EMMA and the human masseuse
Yoga (瑜伽) is a kind of sport. It is very popular around the world now. Everyone, young or old, men or women, can do yoga.
There are many reasons why people like yoga. First, yoga can build up your muscle. Your body will become stronger and more flexible. Second, yoga helps you get rid of stress. What's more, yoga can help your mind stay calm. To put it simply, the reason why so many people are falling in love with yoga is that they are discovering how wonderful it is for their mind, body and spirit.
Yoga began in India about 5,000 years ago. At that time, people wanted to be free, healthy and live a long life. As a result, this kind of exercise was born. The early yoga was part of the religion (宗教). It was usually taught one to one—one teacher and one student. Later, it was accepted by more people.
Yoga is an Indian word that means “to join together”. There are three parts of yoga altogether: exercise, breathing and meditation (冥想). In the past, people paid more attention to the spirit. The idea behind the exercise was to join the mind, body and spirit as one.
With the development of the exercise, more and more people are doing yoga as a way of keeping healthy. Among them, office ladies enjoy doing yoga most. Yoga can give them peace, help them feel relaxed and have fewer worries and illnesses.
21．From the passage, we know that yoga is ________ .
A．a kind of music B．a kind of sport
C．a kind of book D．a kind of food
22．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2
A．The reasons why people like yoga. B．The places where people do yoga.
C．The ways that people develop yoga. D．The persons who invented yoga.
23．When did yoga begin in India
A．2,000 years ago. B．3,000 years ago.
C．4,000 years ago. D．5,000 years ago.
24．What is the passage mainly about
A．The introduction of yoga. B．The introduction of paper.
C．The introduction of drink. D．The introduction of weather.
When it comes to having a healthy body, seeing may be believing. Experiments suggest that people who are shown pictures of their clogged arteries (动脉阻塞) may be more likely to stay healthy than people who do not.
Researchers studied just over 3,500 people. These people were between 40 and 60 years of age. Each person had at least one risk for heart disease, but no signs of the disorder. The researchers divided these subjects into two groups. The first group received what was called usual care — like taking medicine or talking with health care workers about heart disease. However, the members of the other group were shown pictures of their arteries. Researchers also gave them special guidance on why those pictures might be a sign of future health problems. One year later, the people who watched the images of their own arteries had less risk for heart disease than those who weren’t shown the pictures. That is where the “pictures” part may help.
Doctors warn that many people think they have healthy hearts but, actually, they do not. Clogged arteries can be a silent killer. It takes many years to develop and patients may show no signs until the condition is serious and difficult to treat. Because it is a silent killer, experts say patients only remember a small part of what their doctor tells them to do. Seeing a picture is much more effective. To use a popular English expression, “A picture is worth a thousand words.”
Smoking, an unhealthy habit, and being short of exercise increase the risk of heart attacks. Exercising for at least 30 minutes every day of the week will help to prevent heart disease. Eating at least five servings of fruit and vegetables a day, and limiting (限制) your salt intake to less than one spoon a day, also helps to prevent heart attacks.
25．What can we learn from the second paragraph
A．Both of the two groups received so-called usual care.
B．More than 3,500 people of all ages took part in the study.
C．Seeing pictures of possible illness helps people to keep healthy.
D．Heart disease is more difficult to treat without medicine.
26．What does the underlined word “effective” probably mean in Paragraph 3
A．Interesting. B．Dangerous. C．Common. D．Helpful.
27．What should we do to prevent heart attacks according to the text
A．Stop or avoid smoking. B．Take as much sugar as salt.
C．Exercise once a week. D．Eat as many nuts as possible.
28．Where may the text be taken from
A．A travel guide. B．A novel. C．A science website. D．A personal diary.
The science of your wellbeing
This course covers the real science of better health and happiness. With evidence -based advice from the very latest scientific research, you’ll find the truth about nutrition and diets, exercise and mental wellbeing.
What will you learn
·Why the brain makes habits hard to break.
·Techniques that can help you break bad habits.
·Achievable steps to improve your diets.
·Activities to help you remain healthy.
·Techniques informed by psychological research that you can use to improve your level of happiness.
Who is this course suitable for
·This course is suitable for students at all levels.
·You may be considering a career in nutrition or fitness and a basic understanding of diets, nutrition and exercise.
·Many of our learners take this course to improve their university application.
Who are your instructors
·Giles Yeo: He’s a program leader at the Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit at the University of Cambridge. His first book Gene Eating was published in December 2018, and his second, Why Calories Don’t Count, came out in June 2021.
·Jason Gill: He’s a professor of exercise and health at the University of Glasgow. He studies the effects of exercise and diets on the prevention and management of diseases.
·Jacky Forsyth: She’s an associate professor at the School of Health, Science and Wellbeing, Staffordshire University. She focuses on developing research and study on women in sport and exercise.
·Bruce Hood: He’s a professor of Developmental Psychology in Society at the University of Bristol. His research interests include the science of happiness, and inhibitory control of thoughts and actions.
29．What can we do if we take the course
A．Take part in research activities. B．Get science-based suggestions.
C．Interview some experts. D．Taste healthy dishes.
30．Who may be interested in the course
A．People who tend to be physically active. B．People who have many bad habits in life.
C．People who are applying to dream colleges. D．People who want to succeed in their career.
31．Which instructor is also a writer
A．Giles Yeo. B．Jason Gill. C．Jacky Forsyth. D．Bruce Hood.
Why do some people experience depression (抑郁症) while others don’t even under the same condition Finding out what makes someone easier to have depression continues to be one of the most important questions for researchers.
Although researchers don’t have an exact answer as to why some people are easier to suffer depression than others, there’s likely more than one factor. Research has shown everything from physical and chemical differences in the brain to social and environmental factors.
This makes it challenging to treat depression. A more complete understanding of various factors that lead to depression could help researchers get better at predicting who will get depressed. With the information, researchers would also be better at predicting how a person might respond to anti-depressants (抗抑郁药) or other forms of treatment.
While the experience of depression is shared by many, the factors are different for each person. There are some factors like genetics that you don’ t have control over. However, there are others like your diet that can be changed. While making a change won’t necessarily prevent depression, it may help diminish your risk of depression.
Whether you can change them or not, it’s helpful to know about factors that could make you more likely to develop depression in your lifetime. Just remember that researchers are still figuring out the role each factor plays. Having one or several of the factors that are thought to lead to depression doesn’t mean you will certainly become depressed.
Depression is common in people of all ages. According to a report, depression affects about 17.3 million people in the United States in 2017. And in 2018, it is reported that about 1.9 million children (ages 3~17) in the US have been diagnosed (诊断) with depression.
32．What makes depression hard to treat
A．People’s different eating habits.
B．The different causes of suffering it.
C．The limit of the treatment conditions.
D．People using brains differently.
33．What does the underlined word “diminish” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Explore. B．Ignore. C．Reduce. D．Spread.
34．What are you advised to do about depression
A．Change your lifestyle immediately.
B．Know about the factors of depression.
C．Take ant-depressants as soon as possible.
D．Stop caring about the causes of depression.
35．What can we infer from the numbers in the last paragraph
A．Depression is not a rare disease in the world.
B．The condition of depression is not so serious.
C．Teenagers are easier to suffer from depression.
D．The future of treating depression is promising.
What if computers could replace patients If virtual (虚拟的) humans could have replaced real people in some stages of a drug trial, it could have sped up development of a preventive tool and slowed down the spread of viruses. Similarly, potential drugs that weren’t likely to work could have been identified early, cutting trial costs and avoiding testing poor drug candidates on living volunteers. These are some of the benefits of “in silico medicine”, which is also known as “computational medicine”.
Powerful computers get to work based on the data according to some rules, producing a virtual organ (器官) that looks and behaves like the real thing. With virtual organs, the modeling begins by feeding data into a complex mathematical model of the mechanisms.
In silico clinical trials are already underway to an extent. For the foreseeable future, real patients will be needed in late-stage studies, but in silico trials will make it possible to conduct quick and inexpensive first assessments of safety and efficiency, hugely reducing the number of live human subjects required for experimentation.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), for instance, is using computer simulations (模拟) in place of human trials for evaluating new technology systems. The agency has also published guidance for designing trials of drugs and devices that include virtual patients.
Beyond speeding results and reducing the risks of clinical trials, in silico medicine can be used in place of risky interventions (干预) that are required for analyzing or planning treatment of certain medical conditions. For example, HeartFlow Analysis, a cloud-based service approved by the FDA, enables doctors to identify heart disease based on CT images of a patient’s heart. The HeartFlow system has used these images to construct a dynamic model of the blood running through the heart, thus identifying abnormal conditions and their severity. Without this technology, doctors would need to cut into the body to perform an angiogram (血管造影) to decide whether and how to intervene. Experimenting on digital models of individual patients can also help personalize treatment for any number of conditions.
36．What is the key factor of “in silico medicine”
A．Trial costs. B．Virtual organs.
C．Potential drugs. D．Living volunteers.
37．What can we know about “in silico medicine”
A．It is mainly used to try drugs. B．It is lacking in practical value.
C．It frees patients from clinical trials. D．It provides safety and reduces costs.
38．What can be inferred about HeartFlow Analysis
A．It is being applied to FDA for use. B．It has given doctors practical help.
C．It models CT images of living patients. D．It functions on the basis of angiograms.
39．What is the main idea of the text
A．Virtual medical science is developing rapidly.
B．Clinical trials of new drugs have been sped up.
C．Virtual patients make clinical trials fast and reliable.
D．Computers will replace human doctors in the future.
参考答案
1．B
2．A
3．B
4．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了健康均衡的饮食是最合理有效的减肥方式。
1．
细节理解题。根据第一段“However, such popular products and diets are often found to be extremely unhealthy.(然而，这些受欢迎的产品和饮食往往被发现是极其不健康的)”可知，这段中提到的流行饮食非常不健康，故选B。
2．
细节理解题。根据第三段“Generally, one of the most effective ways of losing weight is to cut down on calories.(一般来说，最有效的减肥方法之一就是减少卡路里摄入)”可知，通过减少卡路里的摄入，才能有效地减肥。故选A。
3．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“So, instead of spending money on popular diet pills or special weight loss foods, try to eat healthy balanced meals containing foods from all food groups. So, next time your friends tell you that they are going on a diet, tell them that eating a healthy balanced diet is a much better choice.(因此，与其花钱购买流行的减肥药或特殊的减肥食品，不如尝试吃健康均衡的膳食，包括所有食物组的食物。所以，下次当你的朋友告诉你他们正在节食时，告诉他们健康均衡的饮食是一个更好的选择)”可知，保持均衡的饮食是减肥最好的策略。故选B。
4．
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段的“So, instead of spending money on popular diet pills or special weight loss foods, try to eat healthy balanced meals containing foods from all food groups. So, next time your friends tell you that they are going on a diet, tell them that eating a healthy balanced diet is a much better choice.(所以，与其把钱花在流行的减肥药或特殊的减肥食品上，不如试着吃健康均衡的食物，包括所有种类的食物。所以，下次你的朋友告诉你他们要节食的时候，告诉他们健康均衡的饮食是一个更好的选择。)”可知，本文主要介绍了健康均衡的饮食是最合理有效的减肥方式，因此是文章是关于健康饮食的，因此推断会出现在报纸的食物和健康栏目。故选A。
5．A
6．B
7．C
8．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。研究发现，午睡能使老年人拥有更好的记忆力，并可能让他们拥有更好的心理机能。
5．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Researchers found sleeping in the afternoon has something to do with better verbal fluency and memory in the ageing Chinese population.（研究人员发现，在中国老年人口中，下午睡觉与更好的语言流畅性和记忆力有关）可知，习惯午睡的老年人有更好的记忆力。故选A。
6．
推理判断题。根据文章第二段The study, published in online journal General Psychiatry, examined the sleep patterns of 2,214 healthy people aged 60 and over in several large cities in China, including Beijing and Shanghai. Of those who took part in the study, 1,534 took a regular afternoon nap of between five minutes and two hours, while 680 did not.（这项研究发表在在线期刊《普通精神病学》上，调查了包括北京和上海在内的中国几个大城市的2214名60岁及以上健康人士的睡眠模式。在参与研究的人中，有1534人定期午睡5分钟到2小时，而有680人没有午睡）和文章第三段Participants in the study were asked how often they napped during the week, with answers ranging from once a week to every day. The average length of nighttime sleep was around 6.5 hours in both groups, though no information was taken on the specific duration or timing of the naps taken.（参与这项研究的人被问及他们一周小睡的频率，答案从一周一次到每天一次不等。两组人的平均夜间睡眠时间都在6.5小时左右，但没有记录具体的睡眠时间或时间）可知，这个实验通过对参与者进行痴呆筛选来检查他们的心理机能。经过比较后，研究人员发现有午睡习惯的一组参与者在语言流畅度和记忆力方面得分更高。由此推知，研究人员是经过比较参与者的心理机能来获得发现的。故选B。
7．
细节理解题。根据文章最后一句The researchers plan to continue their research to understand the details of these connections, and hope to publish more work in this field in the future.（研究人员计划继续他们的研究，以了解这些联系的细节，并希望在未来发表更多这一领域的工作）可知，关于午睡还会有进一步的研究。故选C。
8．
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段Taking a regular afternoon nap may be linked to better mental functions in old people, a study has found. Researchers found sleeping in the afternoon has something to do with better verbal fluency and memory in the ageing Chinese population.（一项研究发现，有规律的午睡可能与老年人更好的心智功能有关。研究人员发现，在中国老年人口中，下午睡觉与更好的语言流畅性和记忆力有关）可知，文章主要介绍了午睡对老年人的好处。故选A。
9．B
10．A
11．C
12．D
【解析】
【详解】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究。该项研究将一组人限制早上进食，另一组人正常进食，来研究他们之间的减肥效果和血压等之间的变化区别。该研究表明，早上限制能量摄入对减肥没有什么影响。
9.细节理解题。根据第二段“Most previous studies have not controlled the number of calories, so it wasn't clear if people who ate earlier just ate fewer calories. In this study, the only thing we changed was the time of eating in the day.（之前的大多数研究都没有控制卡路里的数量，所以不清楚吃得早的人是否只摄入了更少的卡路里。在这项研究中，我们唯一改变的是一天中吃饭的时间。）”可知，在这项研究中，我们唯一改变的是一天中吃饭的时间。故选B项。
10.主旨大意题。通读本段内容可知，本段主要介绍研究过程，例如参加人数，怎么进行分组，什么时候测量体重和血压等。故选A项。
11.推理判断题。根据第四段中“We thought that the time-restricted group would lose more weight,” Maruthur said. “Yet that didn't happen. We did not see any difference in weight loss for those who ate most of their calories earlier versus later in the day. We did not see any effects on blood pressure either.（“我们认为有时间限制的那一组会减掉更多的体重，”马鲁瑟说。但这并没有发生。我们没有发现在一天中早些时候摄入大部分卡路里的人与晚些时候摄入卡路里的人在减肥方面有什么不同。我们也没有发现对血压有任何影响。）”可知，他们原以为有时间限制的那组人会减掉更多的体重。然而，这并没有发生。他们发现一天中早些时候或晚些时候摄入大部分卡路里的人的体重减轻没有任何区别。故选C项。
12.细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“The researchers are now collecting more detailed information on blood pressure recorded over 24 hours, and they will bring this information together with the results of a study on the effects of time-restricted feeding on blood sugar, insulin(胰岛素)and other hormones and making analyses on the data.（目前，研究人员正在收集有关24小时内血压记录的更详细信息，他们将把这些信息与限时喂食对血糖、胰岛素和其他激素的影响的研究结果结合起来，并对数据进行分析。）”可知，接下来研究人员将收集更详细的24小时内血压记录信息。他们将把这些信息和限制饮食时间对血糖、胰岛素和其他激素影响的研究结果进行汇集，并对此进行分析。故选D项。
13．D
14．A
15．C
16．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了解生物年龄能帮助人们通过改变行为习惯来延长寿命。
13．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Many aging-research scientists believe that knowing your biological age could help you postpone or avoid age-related illnesses, and better predict an individual’s lifespan(寿命). (许多研究衰老的科学家认为，知道自己的生理年龄可以帮助你推迟或避免与年龄有关的疾病，并更好地预测一个人的寿命。)”和第二段的“At the center of the debate are hopes that people can extend their lives by changing their behaviors. (争论的中心是希望人们可以通过改变行为来延长寿命)”可知，了解生物年龄能够帮助人们推迟或者避免与年龄相关的疾病，人们也可以通过改变行为习惯来延长寿命。故选D。
14．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Dr. Sinclair at Harvard is developing a biological-age test based on chemical changes on DNA. He plans to launch it with a new company called Tally Health. (哈佛大学的辛克莱博士正在开发一种基于DNA化学变化的生物年龄测试。他计划与一家名为“塔利健康”的新公司一起推出这款产品。)”以及“Though criticized by other scientists for hyping the results of some of his findings for his business, he says that he doesn't overstate his research findings.( 虽然其他科学家批评他为了自己的生意而夸大自己的一些研究结果，但他说自己并没有夸大自己的研究结果。)”可知，哈佛大学的辛克莱博士计划与Tally Health合作，研发能够检测生物年龄的测试，然而遭到别的科学家的批评。由此可知，一些科学家批评他，是因为认为他夸大字节的研究结果，并以此牟利。故选A。
15．
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“the results make sense given Mr. Robert's genetics—longevity runs in his family and lifestyle, which is likely less stressful.(考虑到罗伯特的基因长寿与他的家庭和生活方式有关，他的生活压力可能更小，这一结果是合理的。)”可知，戈登教授解释说，这是因为罗伯特先生的遗传基因，他的家族都长寿。故选C。
16．
主旨大意题。本文介绍了解生物年龄的好处是能够让人们通过改变自身行为习惯来延长寿命。故B项“了解你的生物年龄，延长寿命”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。
17．C
18．D
19．B
20．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了机器人按摩师EMMA对人类进行按摩治病。
17．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Using sensors and 3D vision to measure muscle stiffness (僵硬)，EMMA (which stands for “Expert Manipulative Massage Automation”) identifies pressure points and gives massages to patients to help offer pain relief and relaxation. (使用传感器和3D视觉来测量肌肉的僵硬程度，EMMA(代表“自动化按摩专家”)识别压力点，给病人按摩，帮助减轻疼痛和放松。)”可知，EMMA可以通过按摩来减轻病人疼痛并让病人放松。故选C。
18．
细节理解题。根据第四段“ “One physician can only see one patient at a time, but with EMMA, the physician can control two robots and see up to four patients at the same time,” he says.( 他说:“一名医生一次只能看一名病人，但有了EMMA，医生可以控制两个机器人，最多同时看四名病人。”)”可知，因为在EMMA的帮助下，医生可以给多个病人看病；由此可知，EMMA的优点在于它的高效率。故选D。
19．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“ “We are seeing great responses from practitioners in the US and China,” he adds.( 他补充称:“我们看到美国和中国从业者的反应很好。”)”可知，因为Zhang看到了EMMA的积极一面；由此可知，Zhang对EMMA的将来充满了自信。故选B。
20．
主旨大意题。阅读文章内容，并根据第二段“Developed by Singaporean company AiTreat, “EMMA”is a robot masseuse（女按摩师) designed to give Tui Na, a type of TCM bodywork similar to a deep tissue massage (深层组织按摩)，a 21st-century makeover. (“EMMA”是由新加坡AiTreat公司开发的一款机器人按摩师，旨在为推拿（一种类似于中医身体的深层组织按摩）进行21世纪的改造。)”可知，本文主要介绍了机器人按摩师EMMA对人类进行按摩治病。故选A。
21．B
22．A
23．D
24．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑜伽这项运动，说明了人们喜爱瑜伽的原因、瑜伽的历史发展、瑜伽运动背后的思想等情况。
21．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Yoga (瑜伽) is a kind of sport.(瑜伽是一种运动。)”可知瑜伽是一种运动，故选B。
22．
主旨大意题。根据第二段“There are many reasons why people like yoga. First, yoga can build up your muscle. Your body will become stronger and more flexible. Second, yoga helps you get rid of stress. What's more, yoga can help your mind stay calm. To put it simply, the reason why so many people are falling in love with yoga is that they are discovering how wonderful it is for their mind, body and spirit.(人们喜欢瑜伽的原因有很多。首先，瑜伽可以锻炼你的肌肉。你的身体会变得更强壮，更灵活。第二，瑜伽帮助你摆脱压力。更重要的是，瑜伽可以帮助你保持头脑冷静。简单地说，这么多人爱上瑜伽的原因是他们发现瑜伽对他们的思想、身体和精神有多么美妙。)”可知，第二段的主旨是人们喜欢瑜伽的原因。故选A。
23．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Yoga began in India about 5,000 years ago.(瑜伽起源于大约5000年前的印度。)”可知，瑜伽是5000年前在印度开始的。故选D。
24．
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Yoga (瑜伽) is a kind of sport. It is very popular around the world now. Everyone, young or old, men or women, can do yoga.(瑜伽是一种运动。现在它在世界各地都很受欢迎。每个人，无论老少，无论男女，都会做瑜伽。)”可知，文章主要介绍了瑜伽这项运动，说明了人们喜爱瑜伽的原因、瑜伽的历史发展、瑜伽运动背后的思想等情况，故选A。
25．C
26．D
27．A
28．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。实验表明，那些看到动脉阻塞图片的人可能比那些没有看到的人更有可能保持健康。文章介绍了这一研究开展的过程以及看到可能生病的图片有助于人们保持健康的研究发现。
25．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“One year later, the people who watched the images of their own arteries had less risk for heart disease than those who weren’t shown the pictures. That is where the “pictures” part may help. (一年后，那些看了自己动脉图像的人比那些没有看图像的人患心脏病的风险更低。这就是“图片”部分可能有所帮助的地方)”可知，看到可能生病的图片有助于人们保持健康。故选C。
26．
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“To use a popular English expression, “A picture is worth a thousand words.”(用一句流行的英语表达就是“一张图片胜过千言万语”)”可知，可见看图片是有帮助的。画线词意思是“有帮助的”。故选D。
27．
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Smoking, an unhealthy habit, and being short of exercise increase the risk of heart attacks.(吸烟、不健康的习惯以及缺乏锻炼都会增加心脏病发作的风险)”可知，我们应该停止或避免吸烟来预防心脏病发作。故选A。
28．
推理判断题。根据第一段“When it comes to having a healthy body, seeing may be believing. Experiments suggest that people who are shown pictures of their clogged arteries (动脉阻塞) may be more likely to stay healthy than people who do not.(说到拥有一个健康的身体，眼见为实。实验表明，看到自己动脉阻塞图片的人可能比没有看到的人更有可能保持健康)”结合文章介绍了这一研究开展的过程以及看到可能生病的图片有助于人们保持健康的研究发现。可推知，文章选自科学网站。故选C。
29．B
30．C
31．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一门关于健康饮食和保持健康的课程，介绍了课程内容、适合对象以及导师的情况。
29．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“With evidence -based advice from the very latest scientific research, you’ll find the truth about nutrition and diets, exercise and mental wellbeing.(根据最新科学研究提供的基于证据的建议，你会发现关于营养、饮食、锻炼和心理健康的真相)”以及What will you learn 部分中“·Techniques informed by psychological research that you can use to improve your level of happiness.(·心理学研究提供的技能，可以用来提高你的幸福水平)”可知，如果我们上了这门课，我们能获得科学的建议。故选B。
30．
细节理解题。根据Who is this course suitable for 部分中“·Many of our learners take this course to improve their university application. (我们的很多学习者通过学习这门课程来提高他们的大学申请)”可知，申请理想大学的人会对这门课感兴趣。故选C。
31．
细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“·Giles Yeo: He’s a program leader at the Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit at the University of Cambridge. His first book Gene Eating was published in December 2018, and his second, Why Calories Don’t Count, came out in June 2021.(·Giles Yeo：他是剑桥大学医学研究委员会代谢疾病小组的项目负责人。他的第一本书《基因饮食》于2018年12月出版，第二本书《为什么卡路里不算数》于2021年6月出版)”可知，Giles Yeo导师也是作家。故选A。
32．B
33．C
34．B
35．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，讲述了更全面地了解导致抑郁症的各种因素可以帮助治疗或者预防抑郁症。
32．
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Research has shown everything from physical and chemical differences in the brain to social and environmental factors.(研究表明，从大脑的物理和化学差异到社会和环境因素，一切都是如此。)”和第三段的“This makes it challenging to treat depression. A more complete understanding of various factors that lead to depression could help researchers get better at predicting who will get depressed.(这使得抑郁症的治疗具有挑战性。更全面地了解导致抑郁的各种因素可以帮助研究人员更好地预测谁会抑郁。)”可知，造成抑郁症的不同原因让抑郁症难以治疗，故选B。
33．
词句猜测题。根据第四段的“While making a change won’t necessarily prevent depression(尽管做出改变并不一定能预防抑郁)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“虽然改变并不一定能预防抑郁症，但它可能有助于降低患抑郁症的风险”，划线词diminish的意思是“减少”，和reduce意思相近，故选C。
34．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Whether you can change them or not, it’s helpful to know about factors that could make you more likely to develop depression in your lifetime.(无论你是否能改变它们，了解可能使你在一生中更容易患抑郁症的因素是有帮助的。)”可知，对于抑郁症的建议是了解患抑郁症的因素。故选B。
35．
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Depression is common in people of all ages. According to a report, depression affects about 17.3 million people in the United States in 2017. And in 2018, it is reported that about 1.9 million children (ages 3~17) in the US have been diagnosed (诊断) with depression.(抑郁症在各个年龄段的人群中都很常见。根据一份报告，2017年美国约有1730万人受抑郁症影响。据报道，2018年，美国约有190万名儿童（3~17岁）被诊断出患有抑郁症。)”可知，抑郁症在世界上并不罕见。故选A。
36．B
37．D
38．B
39．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了虚拟患者使临床试验快速可靠。
36．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Powerful computers get to work based on the data according to some rules, producing a virtual organ (器官) that looks and behaves like the real thing. With virtual organs, the modeling begins by feeding data into a complex mathematical model of the mechanisms.(根据一些规则，功能强大的计算机以一些数据为基础，产生一个看起来和行为都像真实器官的虚拟器官。对于虚拟器官，建模首先要将数据输入到复杂的机构数学模型中。)”可知，in silico medicine是用电脑算法模拟活体器官，创造虚拟器官，用以代替真实器官进行药物和治疗方法的测试。故关键因素应该是“虚拟器官”。故选B。
37．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“but in silico trials will make it possible to conduct quick and inexpensive first assessments of safety and efficiency, hugely reducing the number of live human subjects required for experimentation.(但是在硅胶试验中，可以对安全性和效率进行快速而廉价的初步评估，这将大大减少实验所需的活体受试者的数量。)”可知，这项技术的安全有效，而且能节约成本。故选D。
38．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The HeartFlow system has used these images to construct a dynamic model of the blood running through the heart, thus identifying abnormal conditions and their severity. Without this technology, doctors would need to cut into the body to perform an angiogram to decide whether and how to intervene. (HeartFlow系统利用这些图像构建了血液流经心脏的动态模型，从而识别异常情况及其严重程度。如果没有这项技术，医生将需要切开身体进行血管造影，以决定是否以及如何进行干预。)”可知，该系统已经给予医生实际的帮助。故选B。
39．
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“What if computers could replace patients If virtual (虚拟的) humans could have replaced real people in some stages of a drug trial, it could have sped up development of a preventive tool and slowed down the spread of viruses. Similarly, potential drugs that weren’t likely to work could have been identified early, cutting trial costs and avoiding testing poor drug candidates on living volunteers. These are some of the benefits of “in silico medicine”, which is also known as “computational medicine”.”.( 如果电脑能取代病人呢 如果虚拟人能够在药物试验的某些阶段取代真人，就可以加快预防工具的开发，并减缓病毒的传播。同样，那些不太可能起作用的潜在药物也可以在早期被发现，从而降低试验成本，并避免在活着的志愿者身上测试效果不佳的候选药物。这些都是“in silico medicine”的一些好处，也被称为“计算医学”。)”可知，本文主要介绍了在硅医学技术，其关键因素是“虚拟器官”。通过浏览全文，该技术不仅可以加快药物的研发进程，而且可以提前评估实验的安全性和有效性，并且部分已经被用于帮助医生进行临床治疗。所以短文主要是关于虚拟患者使临床试验快速可靠。故选C。阅读理解
When I was in the eighth grade, my class was assigned (指派) to be friends with the second-grade kids. I got this little girl named Shelley. The first time I saw her, she was silent and cold. She was small for her age, and she didn’t play with the other kids in her class.
I tried all kinds of things to get her to talk to me. I bought her toys, crayons and candies. But try as I might, nothing worked. One time, I gave her a coloring book and said, “Shelley, now you can color in it any time.”
Shelley looked at the coloring book and then looked up at me, and finally looked away. By that, I didn’t know how I was going to get through to the little girl, but I knew I wouldn’t give up on her.
One Friday, I decided to tell her a story about my childhood. I told her that I felt lonely when I was with my classmates, and how I thought only my teachers liked me. I also told her that every day was a battle (战役) for me and I fought back tears so people wouldn’t know how much I was hurting.
She sat there just listening, trying to decide whether I was lying or not. Finally, when my story ended, there were tears in her eyes. And then she did the unthinkable. She said, “Thank you.” From then on, Shelley was a different little girl. She started smiling and talking with other kids.
Looking back at this I’m in awe, because all I did was to help her realize that she wasn’t alone. I didn’t ask her to tell her story, because her story is my story.
1．What was Shelley like when the writer first saw her
A．Cold. B．Lazy. C．Noisy. D．Slow.
2．In order to get through to Shelley, the writer ________.
A．wrote her a book B．made her a toy C．drew her a picture D．told her a story
3．Shelley changed a lot because she realized that ________.
A．her teachers loved her B．her classmates were kind
C．the writer understood her D．she had to study even harder
Uncle Wang works in a book shop in the middle of the city. The shop is not far from his home. It is about one kilometre away. So Uncle Wang seldom goes to work by bus. Heusually goes bike there by bike, sometimes on foot. It takes him twenty minutes to get there by bike and forty minutes on foot. Today his bike is broken. He wants to walk there. Now he is having breakfast. He leaves home at ten minutes to eight and he walks to work twenty minutes earlier. His work starts at half past eight in the morning and finishes at a quarter to five in the afternoon.
4．What does Uncle Wang do
A．He sells books. B．He grows flowers.
C．He makes shoes. D．He works in a hospital.
5．Why does he seldom go to work by bus Because ________.
A．there is no bus B．his shop is not far from his home
C．he likes riding a bike D．his shop isn't in the middle of the city
6．How long does it take him to walk to his book shop
A．Twenty minutes B．Forty minutes C．Ten minutes D．Half an hour
7．What time does he usually leave home by bike
A．At ten minutes to eight B．At half past eight
C．At ten minutes past eight D．At twenty minutes past eight
8．He usually gets back home from work at in the afternoon at ________.
A．4:45 B．5:15 C．4:55 D．5:05
An elderly lady who has chosen a life of backpacking after retirement(退休) has won millions of fans on Chinese social media. The 73-year-old retired teacher Ms Qi says she chose to travel instead of offering care to her children and grandchildren in her online video.
It caused a hot online discussion about the traditional idea that China's elderly should spend the rest of their lives taking care of grandchildren. “Why do elderly Chinese people have to do housework and look after their children and grandchildren ” she tells Pear Video. “We should have our own lives.”
Ms Qi says in the video that she has been travelling all her life, visiting countries in Europe, North America and Asia. She says to save money she always travels with students and shares costs. She says that meeting young people is one of the most important things about her travels. “I like talking with them and they have lots of fresh things to say,” she says.
The three-minute video featuring Ms Qi has been viewed more than 11 million times on video website Miaopai.
9．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Her students. B．Social media.
C．Her online video. D．Backpacking.
10．Why does Ms Qi travel with students
A．To save money. B．To talk with them.
C．To enjoy fresh things. D．To meet young people
11．What can we learn about Ms Qi
A．She is careless. B．She is dishonest.
C．She is independent. D．She is traditional.
12．What's probably the best title of the passage
A．A Way To Travel Cheap. B．An Elderly Backpacking Lady.
C．Travel All One's Life. D．An Interesting Website.
In the United States, when one becomes rich, he wants people to know it. And even if he does not become very rich, he wants people to think that he is. That is what ‘keeping up with the Joneses’ is about, It is the story of someone who tried to look as rich as his neighbors.
The expression was first used in 1913 by a young American called Arthur Momand. He told this story about himself. He began earning $125 a week at the age of 23. That was a lot of money in those days. He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighborhood outside New York City. When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand went horseback riding every day. When he saw that rich people had servants. Momand and his wife also hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbors.
It was like a race, but one could never finish this race because one was always trying to keep up. The race ended for Momand and his wife when they could no longer pay for their new way of life. They moved back to an apartment in New York City.
Momand looked around him and noticed that many people do things just to keep up with rich lifestyle of their neighbors. He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series of short stories, He called it “Keeping up with the Joneses” because “Jones” is a very common name in the United States. “Keeping up with the Joneses” came to mean keeping up with rich lifestyle of the people around you. Momand’s series appeared in different newspapers across the country for over 28 years.
People never seem to get tired of keeping up with the Joneses. And there are “Jonses” in every city of the world. But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because no matter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead.
13．What can we know about Americans from Paragraph 1
A．They want to be happy.
B．They want to be as funny as their neighbors.
C．They don’t want others to know they are rich.
D．They want others to know or to think that they are rich.
14．What can be inferred from the story about rich people
A．They live in apartments. B．They live in New York City.
C．They live outside New York City. D．They have many neighbors.
15．Why did Arthur Momand use the name “Jones” in his series of short stories
A．It’s an important name. B．It’s a popular name.
C．It’s his neighbor’s name. D．It’s not a good name.
16．How does the writer feel about keeping up with the Joneses
A．Correct. B．Interesting. C．Impossible. D．Good.
The custom of flying a piece of cloth high in the sky began more than 2,000 years ago in China. Since then, kites have been served in many fields, like doing scientific experiments, powering boats, taking pictures from the air and much more. In fact, kite-flying is a great way to clear the mind.
When Americans Kay and Larry Day found a store selling kites nearly 20 years ago, they decided to buy a few kites for their family. For fun, Larry bought one for himself. “He went out and flew it and decided he needed to go back and get a better one,” Kay remembered. Since then, she and her husband have loved kite-flying. They own many kites and plan trips around flying them. They also organize a kite-flying event each winter in their hometown in Iowa. “I’m at peace when I’m flying a kite,” said Larry.
Nic O’Neill, president of the American Kite-fliers Association said that kite-flying can be done alone or with friends and family. Kites appeal (有吸引力) to people who like to create works of art or to those who like to combine kite-flying with music. O’Neill said, “Part of the reason I love flying kites is that I have to risk trying and not succeeding. The best way to learn is to go out, undo the string (细绳) and let your kite fly. The perfect condition includes a nice steady wind and a place away from trees and buildings.”
Grant Lovett began flying simple kites as a child, but moved on to costlier and more complex kites as an adult. Today, Lovett likes making his own kites. He builds them from strong, lightweight materials and products designed for sailboats. Lovett attends kite-making classes and looks for new models on the Internet. He makes kites of different shapes and sizes because flying conditions can be greatly different. He also notes that experience makes a difference, and so does the weather and he likes the happy feelings that he experiences when his kite moves through the sky. “It is really calming,” he said.
17．What can we learn from the first paragraph
A．Kites have been used widely.
B．Kites have developed gradually.
C．Kites have been designed differently.
D．Kites have lost their popularity.
18．How does kite-flying make Larry feel
A．Excited. B．Hopeful. C．Peaceful. D．Amazed.
19．What do O’Neill and Grant Lovett consider in kite-flying
A．The flying experiences.
B．The flying conditions.
C．The skills of making kites.
D．The materials for making kites.
20．What is the best title of the text
A．Kite-Flying Is Fit for All Ages.
B．Kite-Flying Gets More Popular.
C．Kite-Flying Is a Traditional Sport.
D．Kite-Flying Gives a Lift to People.
“Medicine, law, business, engineering, these are noble pursuits, and necessary to sustain life. But poetry, beauty, romance, love, these are what we stay alive for.” — Robin Williams from Dead Poets Society. This is true to my first-year self, who was crazy about getting good grades, and failed to seek the happiness found in everything else that college has to offer.
Like some people, I grew up with a family that valued academics over all else, who gave you a little extra love when you were doing great in your classes, and took it away when you didn’t. As a result, my self-worth became tied to my academic success. There is a difference between trying to always better yourself for yourself, and simply putting too much on your plate until you burn out from attempting to live up to certain expectations. We should all try to do the former, but unfortunately our mindsets have been strange to follow the latter.
For the past week, I have been going around campus asking my friends what they wanted to get out of college. Why were they truly here As you can imagine, most of the answers I got can be summed up to one word一money. It is obviously a given that everyone who puts themselves through college sees it as a means to an end, that end being making a living in the future. And few went on to say they were truly passionate about what they were studying.
However, we should all try to develop a long-sighted perspective on how we want to shape our lives. Do things with intention, because everything you do now will have a hand in shaping who you turn out to be, whether you like it or not. Take some classes on topics that you’re genuinely interested in learning about, not just passing. Join clubs or work on projects that resonate with you and push you beyond your boundaries. Build a community. Surround yourself with people who challenge and excite you. And most of all, embrace the fact that failure and loss are sometimes inevitable in life.
21．What is the function of paragraph one
A．To share an idea.
B．To introduce the topic.
C．To tell the readers a story.
D．To quote a famous saying.
22．What should people do according to paragraph two
A．Perfect yourself for yourself.
B．Live up to certain expectations.
C．Treasure academics over all else.
D．Tie self-value to academic success.
23．According to the author, what should people get out of college
A．Good grades and passion to learn.
B．The ability to make a lot of money.
C．The ability to make a living in the future.
D．A farseeing view on how to direct our lives.
24．Why does the author write the passage
A．To inspire readers to the true meaning of college life.
B．To tell readers a story about his college life.
C．To explain why good grades is not everything.
D．To complain about his family’s wrong attitude to him.
Mobile phone has become a problem for middle school students. Some middle schools in Australia have banned (禁止) students from carrying mobile phones during school hours.
Mobile phones used among children have become a problem for school this year. Several children have got mobile phones as Christmas gifts, and more students will want them.
Mary Blue, an official, said mobile phone is a distraction (分心的事) to students during school hours and it also gives teachers so much trouble in their classrooms. Teachers were also saying that sometimes students might use phone messages to deceive teachers during exams.
She said some schools had tried to ban mobile phones. Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn’t get in touch with their children.
Many teachers said students should not have mobile phones at school, but there was a good reason why the students should not have mobile phones at school: they were easy to lose and were a distraction from study.
Many people say that they understand why parents would want their children to have phone, but they think schools should let the students know when they can use their mobile phones.
25．We know from the passage that some children get mobile phones from ________.
A．the makers and sellers B．the passers-by and strangers
C．their parents and friends D．some mobile phone users
26．What does the underlined word “deceive” mean in the passage
A．influence B．discover C．consult D．cheat
27．Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn’t ________ during the school hours.
A．use their mobile phones B．leave their mobile phones at school office
C．help the teacher with their work D．get in touch with their children
28．The passage tells us that ________.
A．students shouldn’t have mobile phones at school except for some special reasons
B．it is impossible to ban students from using mobile phones at school
C．some parents felt unhappy because they couldn’t use their phones at school
D．parents should teach their children how to use mobile phones during school hours
Kids Connect is a camp specifically for children with physical and mild (轻微的) intellectual disabilities aged 9-16(Individual consideration given to those over the age of 16). It is held in Blockhouse Bay, Auckland. Sometimes we require meeting a child before camp to make sure we are able to meet their needs during the camp.
Our camps are conducted by experienced staff. We take every effort to give your children a safe and enjoyable weekend. Our aim is that every child comes away with lasting memories of what they have experienced, explored and enjoyed at our camp.
We focus on building strong, healthy relationships with other children (with and without physical disabilities) and with group leaders.
We have a weekend packed full of activities, action and fun.
·Team games and competitions, songs
·Orienteering (定向越野) on a wheelchair accessible track
·Quad bikes (四轮摩托车)
·Craft
·Discussions, great food and loads of fun!
The camp fee is about $135(subject to change). We also accept payment by way of Ministry of Health carer support forms.
Day visits and fees can be organised on an individual basis if a full weekend stay is unsuitable.
For a registration form or for more information, please email info@cbm.org.nz or phone 09 630 527
Kids Connect Box 8774, Symonds Street Auckland 1150 Website: www.cbm.org.nz
29．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To explain the aim of the camp. B．To talk about camping experiences.
C．To describe the programs of the camp. D．To attract children to the camp.
30．What can children do at the camp
A．Carry out research activities. B．Practice favorite hobbies.
C．Enjoy outdoor activities. D．Learn to cook.
31．Who is the text probably written for
A．Teachers. B．Parents C．Travelers D．Teenagers.
If someone said they’d pay you 1,800 dollars to stay off social media for six years, would you do it Could you
Sivert Klefsaas did just that. “I thought it was awesome,” Sivert told CNN Tuesday, “I thought, ‘Ah what’s 6 more years ’”
In 2016, Lorna Goldstrand Klefsaas challenged her 12-year-old son Sivert to stay off social media until he was 18. If he completed the challenge, she’d award him the cash on his eighteenth birthday. On February 19, 2022, Sivert claimed his prize.
Lorna was inspired by a challenge she heard on the radio called the “16 for 16”, where a mother gave her daughter 1,600 dollars when she turned 16 if she stayed off social media, she told CNN. She decided to up the ante (提高赌注) to two extra years and 200 dollars more.
Sivert said it wasn’t too difficult to live without social media, and he didn’t think about it much during the six years. As a 12-year-old, Sivert said he wasn’t using social media much anyway. The only app he had prior to the bet was Snapchat — which he deleted a day after trying it out.
“I wouldn’t say there was ever a time when I thought I was about to break,” he said. “As it went on, it was more of a proud thing.” He also had his friends keep him up to date on the latest information or trends. “I got to avoid all the unnecessary drama that was on there,” Sivert added. It also meant he had more time to focus on his grades and sports instead, Sivert told reporters.
Now 1,800 dollars richer, Sivert told CNN he hasn’t thought about what to buy (when he was 12, he joked he’d get a house), but it’ll likely be something for his dorm room at the University of Northwester St. Paul, which he’ll attend in the fall.
32．What made Lorna get the idea of challenging her son to stay off social media
A．A TV programme. B．A CNN programme.
C．Her neighbor’s example. D．A radio programme.
33．How did Sivert feel about the challenge
A．Too difficult. B．Satisfied. C．Critical. D．Unhappy.
34．What extra benefits did Sivert gain besides 1800 dollars
A．A mobile phone. B．More friends.
C．Concentration on his study. D．Being admitted to university.
35．What is the best title for the text
A．Teen stays off social media for 6 years
B．Social media have bad influence on teens
C．Teens are increasingly addicted to social media
D．A mother challenged her son to stay off social media
Summer Camps
About us
Summer Camps offer many programs that develop athletic skills, teamwork and healthy habits to kids. We create a safe and non-competitive environment for learning and making friends. Our counselors(指导老师)are required to complete much training and deal with some practical issues. Directors and head counselors are qualified in CPR (心肺复苏)and First Aid and so on.
Full-day Camp (ages 6-13)
A typical camp starts with soccer, kickball, basketball or field games. After lunch, the kids do three activities. Depending on location, there are swimming, science and nature, arts and crafts, rope courses.
Li’1 Rascals Day Camp (ages 3-5)
Preschoolers get all the fun of full-day camp in half the time. Activities include arts and crafts, sports, games and relays. Each week has different themes. All participants must be able to be taught to use a patty(便壶).
Specialty(专长)camps (ages14-16)
These specialty camps build many athletes. Our experienced staff will help your child be excellent in his or her favorite sport.
·Tennis
·Basketball
·Soccer
·Dance
·Cheer-leading
Fee: $120
Contact Information
Call: 068-990-3224; E-mail:summercampsforkids@ or Write to: 125 Seventh Avenue South New York, NY 10014
What the parents from last year say about the camps:
“All the activities were perfect. My son definitely wants to return next year and I will recommend the camp to others.”
— Kate
“I think this is one of the best camps that my children have attended. The counselors and directors are enthusiastic and friendly. The programs are excellent and it is the only camp that they ask to go back to.”
—Jack
“My children had an excellent time at your camp. I was very impressed by both your friendly, helpful counselors and directors and the excellent way that the entire camp was organized and run. I will consider next year! Many thanks.”
—Mary
36．What do you know from the passage
A．The camps are free for little children.
B．There are mainly three activities at Full-day Camp.
C．Specialty camps are only open to young athletes.
D．The counselors at Summer Camps all have rich experience.
37．The children in Summer Camps may do the following EXCEPT________.
A．learn the skills to play ball games B．know how to survive in the wild
C．take part in arts and crafts activities D．dance together with other children
38．Children who join Li’1 Rascals Day Camp must________.
A．go home alone B．express themselves clearly
C．receive a complete physical examination D．go to the toilet by themselves
139．How did the parents feel about the camp
A．Satisfied. B．Bored. C．opposed. D．Terrible.
40．It can be known from the parents that________.
A．the spaces of Summer Camps are limited
B．the workers at the camps are responsible ones
C．the campground of Summer Camps is tidy and comfortable
D．Mary’s son will attend the camps with his friends next time
参考答案
1．A
2．D
3．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者八年级时被指派和二年级的孩子Shelley做朋友，起初Shelley对作者非常冷漠。最后作者给Shelley讲述了自己的童年，打动了Shelley，Shelley也因此有了改变。
1．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The first time I saw her, she was silent and cold.(我第一次见到她时，她沉默而冷漠)”可知，作者第一次见到Shelley时，她很冷漠。故选A。
2．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“By that, I didn’t know how I was going to get through to the little girl, but I knew I wouldn’t give up on her.(这样一来，我不知道该如何说服那个小女孩，但我知道我不会放弃她)”以及第四段中“One Friday, I decided to tell her a story about my childhood.(一个星期五，我决定给她讲一个关于我童年的故事)”可知，为了打动Shelley，作者给她讲了一个故事。故选D。
3．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“She sat there just listening, trying to decide whether I was lying or not. Finally, when my story ended, there were tears in her eyes. And then she did the unthinkable. She said, “Thank you.” From then on, Shelley was a different little girl. She started smiling and talking with other kids.(她坐在那里听着，试图判断我是不是在说谎。最后，当我的故事讲完的时候，她眼里含着泪水。然后她做了一件不可思议的事。她说：“谢谢。”从那以后，Shelley变成了另一个小女孩。她开始微笑着和其他孩子交谈)”以及最后一段中“Looking back at this I’m in awe, because all I did was to help her realize that she wasn’t alone. (现在回想起来，我感到很敬畏，因为我所做的一切都是为了让她意识到，她并不孤单)”可知，Shelley改变了很多，因为她意识到作者理解她。故选C。
4．A
5．B
6．B
7．C
8．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了王叔叔的日常生活。
4．
细节理解题。根据文章第一句“Uncle Wang works in a book shop in the middle of the city.(王叔叔在市中心的一家书店工作)”可知，王叔叔是卖书的。故选A。
5．
细节理解题。根据文章“The shop is not far from his home. It is about one kilometre away. So Uncle Wang seldom goes to work by bus. (这家商店离他家不远。大约有一公里远。所以王叔叔很少乘公共汽车去上班)”可知，王叔叔很少乘公共汽车去上班，是因为他的书店离他家不远。故选B。
6．
细节理解题。根据文章“It takes him twenty minutes to get there by bike and forty minutes on foot. (他骑车20分钟到那里，步行40分钟)”可知，王叔叔走到他的书店要花40分钟。故选B。
7．
细节理解题。根据文章“He leaves home at ten minutes to eight and he walks to work twenty minutes earlier. (他7点差50离开家，他提前二十分钟走路去上班)”可知，王叔叔通常8点10分骑车离开家。故选C。
8．
细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“His work starts at half past eight in the morning and finishes at a quarter to five in the afternoon. (他的工作早上8点半开始，下午5点差一刻结束)”可知，王叔叔通常在下午4:45下班回家。故选A。
9．C
10．A
11．C
12．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文为一篇说明文。主要讲述了一位退休教师齐女士选择旅行的视频获得了几百万的粉丝。
9．
词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“It caused a hot online discussion about the traditional idea that China's elderly should spend the rest of their lives taking care of grandchildren.(它引起了网上关于传统想法的激烈的讨论，传统想法认为老年人退休后应该帮助照顾孙子们。)”可知，此处的it指代前文的内容“The 73-year-old retired teacher Ms Qi says she chose to travel instead of offering care to her children and grandchildren in her online video.(这一73岁的退休教师齐女士在她的网上视频里说道，她退休后选择旅游，而不是照顾孙子。)”，故此处的it指代齐女士在网上发的那则视频，故选C。
10．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“She says to save money she always travels with students and shares costs.(她说，为了省钱，她经常和学生一起旅行，和学生一起分担费用。)”可知，她与学生一起旅行的目的是为了省钱，故选A。
11．
推理判断题。根据文章第二段““Why do elderly Chinese people have to do housework and look after their children and grandchildren ” she tells Pear Video. “We should have our own lives.”(她告诉梨视频：“为什么中国老年人必须做家务，必须照顾孩子呢？我们应该有自己的生活”。)”可知，齐女士是一个有着自己的生活的人，不依赖孩子，故她是一个独立的人，故选C。
12．
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“An elderly lady who has chosen a life of backpacking after retirement(退休) has won millions of fans on Chinese social media.(一位老年人在退休后选择背包客的生活，此举在中国社交媒体上获得了百万个粉丝。)”可知，本篇文章主要讲述了一位老年人在退休后选择当背包客环游旅行，故B项“一位老年背包客”符合文章标题，故选B。
13．D
14．C
15．B
16．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国俚语“跟上琼斯”的意思和这个俚语的来历。
13．
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“In the United States, when one becomes rich, he wants people to know it. And even if he does not become very rich, he wants people to think that he is.”（在美国，当一个人变得富有时，他想让人们知道。即使他没有变得非常富有，他也希望人们认为他很富有。）可知，从第一段中我们可以了解到美国人希望别人知道或认为他们很富有。故选D项。
14．
推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighborhood outside New York City.”（他结婚了，和妻子搬到了纽约市外一个非常富裕的社区。）可知，亚瑟·莫曼德和妻子搬到了纽约市外，那里有非常富裕的社区，由此可推断出，富人住在纽约市外非常富裕的社区里。故选C项。
15．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“He called it “Keeping up with the Joneses” because “Jones” is a very common name in the United States.”（他称之为“跟上琼斯”，因为“琼斯”在美国是一个非常常见的名字。）可知，亚瑟·莫曼在他的短篇小说系列中使用“琼斯”这个名字，因为“琼斯”在美国是一个非常常见的名字，由此可知，亚瑟·莫曼在他的短篇小说系列中使用“琼斯”这个名字，因为“琼斯”是一个大众化的名字。故选B项。
16．
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because no matter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead.”（但人们一定会厌倦试图跟上琼斯，因为无论你做什么，琼斯先生似乎总是领先。）可知，作者认为人们一定会厌倦试图跟上琼斯，因为无论你做什么，琼斯先生似乎总是领先，你跟不上他，由此可推断出，作者认为“跟上琼斯”是不可能的。故选C项。
17．A
18．C
19．B
20．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。本文通过列举具体例子，介绍了放风筝可以使大脑清醒，给人们提神，让人们感到放松和快乐。
17．
推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Since then, kites have been served in many fields, like doing scientific experiments, powering boats, taking pictures from the air and much more. In fact, kite-flying is a great way to clear the mind.”（从那时起，风筝在许多领域使用，比如做科学实验、给船提供动力、从空中拍照等等。事实上，放风筝是一个很好的使大脑清醒的方式。）可知，风筝一直以来应用于许多领域，比如做科学实验、给船提供动力、从空中拍照等等，因此可知风筝被广泛使用。故选A项。
18．
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“'I’m at peace when I’m flying a kite,' said Larry.”（拉里说：“我放风筝的时候很平静。”）可知，拉里在放风筝的时候感觉很平静，由此可知，放风筝让拉里感觉平静。故选C项。
19．
细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“The perfect condition includes a nice steady wind and a place away from trees and buildings.”（完美的条件包括良好的稳定的风和远离树木和建筑物的地方。）可知，奥尼尔在放风筝时会考虑飞行条件；根据最后一段关键句“ He makes kites of different shapes and sizes because flying conditions can be greatly different. He also notes that experience makes a difference, and so does the weather and he likes the happy feelings that he experiences when his kite moves through the sky.”（他制作不同形状和大小的风筝，因为飞行条件可能会有很大的不同。他还指出，经验会带来不同，天气也是如此，他喜欢风筝在天空中移动时所体验到的快乐感觉。）可知，格兰特·洛维特在放风筝时也会考虑天气等飞行条件，综上所述，奥尼尔和格兰特·洛维特在放风筝时都会考虑飞行条件。故选B项。
20．
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“In fact, kite-flying is a great way to clear the mind.”（事实上，放风筝是一个很好的使大脑清醒的方式。）可知，本文主要介绍了放风筝可以使大脑清醒，给人们提神，让人们感到放松和快乐，文章第二段到第四段分别列举了一些例子，来说明这一点，D项“Kite-Flying Gives a Lift to People.”意为“放风筝给人们提神。”能够概括文章主要内容，为最佳标题。故选D项。
21．B
22．A
23．D
24．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大学生活的真正意义，除了学业之外，各种不同的体验也很重要，我们要为了自己而努力提升自我。
21．
推理判断题。根据第一段“‘Medicine, law, business, engineering, these are noble pursuits, and necessary to sustain life. But poetry, beauty, romance, love, these are what we stay alive for.’ — Robin Williams from Dead Poets Society. This is true to my first-year self, who was crazy about getting good grades, and failed to seek the happiness found in everything else that college has to offer.( 医学、法律、商业、工程学，这些都是高尚的追求，也是维持生命的必要条件。但诗歌、美丽、浪漫、爱情，这些都是我们活着的目的。”—来自罗宾·威廉姆斯的《死亡诗社》。第一年的我也是如此，我疯狂地想要取得好成绩，却没有在大学所能提供的其他一切事物中寻找到快乐。）可知，作者在第一段中引用罗宾·威廉姆斯的话是为了引入文章主题---在大学生活中，除了学业之外，各种不同的体验也很重要。故选B。
22．
推理判断题。根据第二段的“There is a difference between trying to always better yourself for yourself, and simply putting too much on your plate until you burn out from attempting to live up to certain expectations. We should all try to do the former, but unfortunately our mindsets have been strange to follow the latter. (努力完善自己和简单地工作太多直到你因为试图达到某些期望而筋疲力尽之间是有区别的。我们都应该努力做到前者，但不幸的是，我们的心态一直奇怪地追随后者。）可推知，作者认为人们应该为了完善自己而努力提升。故选A。
23．
推理判断题。根据第五段“However, we should all try to develop a long-sighted perspective on how we want to shape our lives. Do things with intention, because everything you do now will have a hand in shaping who you turn out to be, whether you like it or not. Take some classes on topics that you’re genuinely interested in learning about, not just passing. Join clubs or work on projects that resonate with you and push you beyond your boundaries. Build a community. Surround yourself with people who challenge and excite you.”（然而，我们都应该试着从长远的角度看待我们想要如何塑造我们的生活。有目的地做事，因为你现在做的每件事都会影响你成为什么样的人。上一些你真正感兴趣的课程。加入俱乐部或参与项目，让你超越极限。建立一个社区。使你周围围绕挑战和激励你的人。）可推断，作者认为人们应该通过上大学形成如何塑造自己人生的远见。故选D。
24．
推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是第五段内容“However, we should all try to develop a long-sighted perspective on how we want to shape our lives. Do things with intention, because everything you do now will have a hand in shaping who you turn out to be, whether you like it or not. Take some classes on topics that you’re genuinely interested in learning about, not just passing. Join clubs or work on projects that resonate with you and push you beyond your boundaries. Build a community. Surround yourself with people who challenge and excite you. And most of all, embrace the fact that failure and loss are sometimes inevitable in life.”（然而，我们都应该试着从长远的角度看待我们想要如何塑造我们的生活。有目的地做事，因为你现在做的每件事都会影响你成为什么样的人。上一些你真正感兴趣的课程。加入俱乐部或参与项目，让你超越极限。建立一个社区。使你周围围绕挑战和激励你的人。最重要的是，要接受这样一个事实：失败和失去在生活中有时是不可避免的。）可推断，作者通过文章讲述在大学中要去做各种不同的事情，丰富多彩的体验最重要，来启发人们思考大学生活真正的意义。故选A。
25．C
26．D
27．D
28．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学生在学校使用手机的问题，澳大利亚的一些学校对此做出了一些规定，但是家长们有不同的看法。
25．
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Several children have got mobile phones as Christmas gifts (有几个孩子得到了作为圣诞礼物的手机)”可推知，一些孩子的手机是他们的父母和朋友送的圣诞礼物。故选C项。
26．
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Teachers were also saying that sometimes students might use phone messages to deceive teachers during exams.(老师们还表示，有时学生们可能会在考试时利用手机短信deceive老师)”中“also”可知，这一句话与前文一样，也是老师在说学生使用手机带来的麻烦，结合划线词后“during exams”可推知，老师在抱怨学生在考试中用手机作弊，划线词与cheat同义，意为“欺骗”。故选D项。
27．
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn’t get in touch with their children.(一些父母因为联系不上他们的孩子而感到不开心)”可知，一些父母感到不高兴，因为他们不能在上学时间联系他们的孩子。故选D项。
28．
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第五段中“there was a good reason why the students should not have mobile phones at school: they were easy to lose and were a distraction from study.(学生在学校不应该使用手机的一个很好的理由是：手机很容易丢失，而且会分散学习的注意力)”和最后一段中“but they think schools should let the students know when they can use their mobile phones. (但他们认为学校应该让学生知道他们什么时候可以使用手机)”可推知，文章告诉我们除了一些特殊原因外，学生不应该在学校使用手机。故选A项。
29．D
30．C
31．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个周末度假营，这个度假营主要针对9~16岁有生理缺陷和轻微智力缺陷的青少年。
29．
推理判断题。根据第一段“Kids Connect is a camp specifically for children with physical and mild (轻微的) intellectual disabilities aged 9-16(Individual consideration given to those over the age of 16).( Kids Connect是一个专门为9-16岁有身体和轻微智力障碍的儿童（16岁以上的儿童可单独考虑）的夏令营)”和第二段“Our camps are conducted by experienced staff. We take every effort to give your children a safe and enjoyable weekend. Our aim is that every child comes away with lasting memories of what they have experienced, explored and enjoyed at our camp.(我们的营地由经验丰富的工作人员管理。我们尽一切努力给您的孩子一个安全和愉快的周末。我们的目标是让每个孩子都能对他们在我们的营地所经历、探索和享受的事情留下持久的回忆。)”可知这是一篇关于度假营的广告。广告类性质的文体都是为了起到宣传推广的作用，本文旨在吸引青少年去参加这个度假营。故选D。
30．
细节理解题。根据文章中的“Orienteering on a wheelchair accessible track(在轮椅无障碍轨道上进行定向越野)”和“Quad bikes(四轮摩托车)”可知，孩子们在营地可以享受户外活动。故选C。
31．
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We take every effort to give your children a safe and enjoyable weekend.(我们竭尽全力让您的孩子度过一个安全愉快的周末)”可知这篇广告的读者主要是父母，文章是写给父母的。故选B。
32．D
33．B
34．C
35．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇新闻报道。2016年， Lorna Goldstrand Klefsaas向12岁的儿子Sivert发起挑战，要求他在18岁之前远离社交媒体。如果他完成了挑战，她会在他18岁生日时奖励他现金。2022年2月19日，Sivert获得了他的奖项。文章主要介绍了这件事的前因后果以及Sivert对此的看法。
32．
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Lorna was inspired by a challenge she heard on the radio called the “16 for 16”, where a mother gave her daughter 1,600 dollars when she turned 16 if she stayed off social media, she told CNN.( Lorna在接受CNN采访时表示，她在广播中听到了一个名为“16换16”的挑战，一个母亲在女儿16岁时给了她1600美元，如果她可以远离社交媒体)”可知，广播节目让Lorna想到让她的儿子远离社交媒体。故选D。
33．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中““I wouldn’t say there was ever a time when I thought I was about to break,” he said. “As it went on, it was more of a proud thing.”(他说：“我从来没有觉得自己快要崩溃的时候。随着时间的推移，这更像是一件值得骄傲的事情。”)”可知，西弗特对这个挑战感到满意。故选B。
34．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“It also meant he had more time to focus on his grades and sports instead, Sivert told reporters.( Sivert告诉记者，这也意味着他有更多的时间专注于成绩和体育)”可知，除了1800美元，Sivert还获得了对学习的专注的额外好处。故选C。
35．
主旨大意题。根据第三段“In 2016, Lorna Goldstrand Klefsaas challenged her 12-year-old son Sivert to stay off social media until he was 18. If he completed the challenge, she’d award him the cash on his eighteenth birthday. On February 19, 2022, Sivert claimed his prize.( 2016年， Lorna Goldstrand Klefsaas向12岁的儿子Sivert发起挑战，要求他在18岁之前远离社交媒体。如果他完成了挑战，她会在他18岁生日时奖励他现金。2022年2月19日，Sivert获得了他的奖项)”再结合文章主要介绍了这件事的前因后果以及Sivert对此的看法。可知，A选项“青少年远离社交媒体6年”最符合文章标题。故选A。
36．D
37．B
38．D
39．A
40．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一家夏令营的课程设置以及夏令营的学习内容，最后还附上了一些家长的评价，希望能吸引更多的学生参加这个夏令营。
36．
细节理解题。根据第一部分第三句“Our counselors(指导老师)are required to complete much training.（我们的顾问需要完成大量培训。）”以及Specialty(专长)camps (ages14-16)标题下的第二句话“Our experienced staff will help your child be excellent in his or her favorite sport.（我们经验丰富的员工将帮助您的孩子在他或她最喜欢的运动中表现出色。）”可知，指导老师都经过很多培训，而且他们都很有经验。故选D。
37．
细节理解题。根据Li'1 Rascals Day Camp (ages3-5)标题下的第二句“Activities include arts and crafts, sports, games and relays.（活动包括艺术和手工艺、体育、游戏和接力赛。）”可知，A和C项是活动之一。再根据Specialty(专长)camps (ages14-16)部分中·Dance，可知D项也是夏令营中的活动。根据About us大标题下最后一句话“Directors and head counselors are certified in CPR (心肺复苏)and First Aid and so on.（负责人和首席顾问都有CPR和急救等方面的认证。）”可推知，只是老师懂得心肺复苏和急救方面的知识，并没提到教孩子如何在野外生存。故B项不是夏令营的教授内容。故选B。
38．
细节理解题。根据Li'1 Rascals Day Camp (ages 3-5)部分最后一句“All participants must be able to be taught to use a potty(便壶).（所有参与者都必须学会使用厕所。）”可知，3-5岁的孩子要学会自己上厕所。故选D。
39．
推理判断题。根据倒数第三部分“All the activities were perfect. My son definitely wants to return next year and I will recommend the camp to others.（所有的活动都很完美。我儿子肯定想明年回来，我会把营地推荐给其他人。）”和倒数第二部分的最后一句话“The programs are excellent and it is the only camp that they ask to go back to（这些课程非常好，这是他们要求返回的唯一营地）”以及倒数第一部分“My children had an excellent time at your camp. I was very impressed by both your friendly, helpful counselors and directors and the excellent way that the entire camp was organized and run. I will consider next year! Many thanks.（我的孩子们在你们的营地玩得很开心。你们友好、乐于助人的顾问和主管，以及整个夏令营组织和运作的出色方式，给我留下了深刻印象。明年我会考虑的！非常感谢。）”可知，家长对于这家夏令营都很满意。故选A。
40．
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段第二句话“The counselors and directors are enthusiastic and friendly.（顾问和导演热情友好。）”以及倒数最后一段第二句话“I was very impressed by both your friendly, helpful counselors and directors and the excellent way that the entire camp was organized and run.（你们友好、乐于助人的顾问和主管，以及整个夏令营组织和运作的出色方式，给我留下了深刻印象。）”可知，这家夏令营的工作人们都很热情，都很负责任。故选B。阅读理解
If you thought teenage bullying was about someone’s bag being thrown on the science block roof or malicious (恶意的) exchanges on Snapchat, then you need to meet Natasha Devon, a leading mental health educator in British schools. She says that an increasing number of girls are asking for help with hidden forms of bullying, often within friendship groups.
In the latest government study of 10, 000 pupils, boys aged 15 and 16 were less likely to be bullied than a decade ago but girls have reported a rise in issues such as name-calling, social exclusion and cyberbullying.
Girl-on-girl bullying doesn’t only happen in girls’ schools, stresses Devon: “I see girls’ toxic friendships in all the schools I visit — mixed, girls’, state and private.”
Typically, being in a toxic friendship can wear on a girl’s self-esteem. She will follow the other’s advice on diet and dressing and appears to be forgoing her own ambitions to please her friend. Her friend undermines (暗中打击) her with seemingly supportive but subtly abusive comments, leaving her to think she’s the one with the problem. This, explains Devon, is typical“ gaslighting ”
Another behaviour, says Devon, is “topping”; when a girl shares something difficult that’s happening to her, and the friend responds with, “Oh, everyone goes through that”, essentially trying to belittle them.
So what can parents do to support their daughters “Telling your child what to do very rarely works after the age of 11,”Devon says, “But it will sink in and, given time, they may act on it. Advise them to talk to their friends in a neutral space, preferably a day after an incident.”
“When confronting their friends, they should confine(限制) it to their experience — I feel like this— rather than making accusations —You did this. They also need to be prepared to step away from the friend or group, perhaps for a few months or perhaps forever,”Devon adds.
1．What can we infer about teenage bullying
A．It is on the decline. B．It tends to be physical.
C．It takes on different forms. D．It is unique to girls’ schools.
2．What does the underlined word “forgoing” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Abandoning. B．Fulfilling. C．Pursuing. D．Sharing.
3．Which of the following responses is an example of “topping”
A．“Thank you for telling me. What can I do to help ”
B．“You are so smart. Why bother to ask me about it ”
C．“I’m sorry that you’re going through this right now.”
D．“Oh yeah Well, something even worse happened to me.”
4．What is a girl advised to do about a difficult friendship
A．Think about her friend’s positive parts.
B．Have a conversation with her friend.
C．Point out her friend’s wrongdoings.
D．Threaten her friend with violence.
Stanford University researchers have developed a device called a nature-inspired aerial grasper, or SNAG, which can be attached to a quadcopter drone （四轴无人机） to give it feet and legs like those of an eagle. When equipped with the device, the drone is able to fly around catching and carrying objects and perching（栖息）on various surfaces, according to a Stanford news release dated Dec. 1, 2021, describing the work.
But copying the flexibility of birds wasn’t easy to do. The researchers shot videos of small parrots flying back and forth between special perches that contained sensors to measure the physical forces of landing, perching and takeoff.
“What surprised us was that they did the same aerial military exercise, no matter what surfaces they were landing on,” one of the researchers, William Roderick, explained in the news release. “They let the feet handle the variability and complexity of the surface texture itself,” he said.
Giving a drone similar abilities required technological feat. SNAG has a 3D-printed structure that imitates an eagle’s lightweight bones, and each of its legs is equipped with a motor for moving back and forth and a second one for grasping.
Mechanisms in the robot’s legs are designed to absorb impact energy and passively change it into grasping force, the way that a bird’s muscles would. As a result, a drone equipped with the device can grasp something strongly in just 20 milliseconds. Once the robot’s feet are wrapped around a perch, its ankles lock and an accelerometer—a device that measures vibration-detects the landing and activates a balancing algorithm（算法）to stabilize it on the perch.
Elsewhere, researchers at other institutions also have been working for years on giving drones the ability to land and hang onto something. As this 2019 Smithsonian article explains, being able to land in various places helps drones to conserve energy that would expend by having to remain in the air. That’s important, because the flight time of robotic aircrafts is limited by their battery power.
5．What inspired the SNAG’s development
A．The way parrots perch. B．The military exercise.
C．The 3D-printed technology. D．The eagle’s lightweight bones.
6．What makes the drones’ grabbing something strongly so quickly possible
A．The powerful battery.
B．Their ability to imitate parrots’ taking off.
C．The application of advanced flying techniques.
D．The mechanical devices modeling a bird’s muscles.
7．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Flight time is not vital to the drones.
B．After 2019, researchers quit efforts to improve flight time.
C．Flight time has been a problem before this study.
D．Researching the ability to land and hang onto something is meaningless.
8．What is the most suitable title for the text
A．Drones, an application to the military
B．Robotic drones, really like birds
C．Robotic drones, a comparison of birds
D．Quadcopter drones, advanced technology
A new study suggests that crop insurance serves as a disincentive （抑制因素） for farmers to adopt climate change relief measures on their croplands.
The study by researchers at North Carolina State University examined the interactions of warmer temperatures, crop yield （产量） risk and crop insurance participation by farmers. For the study, researchers developed models using historical county-level corn and soybean yield data in the United States, with an eye toward understanding the production impacts of rising temperatures.
The researchers found that variation in crop yield due to higher temperatures rose when more farmers had crop insurance. Interestingly, the results showed greater variability effects for corn yields than for soybean yields.
“This could be an unintended consequence of the government’s providing subsidies for crop insurance, which costs a large sum of money,” said Rod M. Rejesus, professor of agricultural and resource economics at NC State and the author of the research study. “The concept of moral crisis could be present here. If insurance will cover crop losses due to various effects like drought or severe weather, a farmer may not want to pay the extra expense for climate change adaptation efforts such as using cover crops to improve soil health, for example.”
The study models indicate that an increase of daily minimum and maximum temperatures of 1 degree Celsius would increase county-level corn yield variability by 8. 6 bushels （1 bushel equals to 35. 24 L） per acre if 80% of farmers in a county have crop insurance. The same temperature rise in a county with 10％ crop insurance participation would increase corn yield variability by just 6.2 bushels per acre.
The researchers bring up possible solutions to this situation for policymakers. They include providing more subsidies to encourage farmers’ use of climate change relief efforts—like soil health practices—and starting high-level policy conversations about how to possibly adjust rules and guidelines that govern crop insurance contracts in order to reduce the disincentive effects.
9．What does the study find about crop insurance
A．It ensures crop production. B．It leads to unexpected side effects.
C．It results in worse climate change. D．It doesn’t bring any benefits to farmers.
10．What does the underlined word “subsidies” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Market support. B．Verbal support.
C．Technical assistance. D．Financial aid.
11．What might explain the unintended consequence of crop insurance
A．Moral crisis. B．Law issue.
C．Study models. D．Custom change.
12．How did the author show the effects of crop insurance on corn yield variability
A．By doing experiments. B．By making a comparison.
C．By listing figures. D．By consulting experts.
Imagine that you take a walk around your yard or nearby park and immediately, the sounds of an insect band surround you. Produced by the muscular movements of insects called treehopper (角蝉), this imagined soundscape comes from vibrations(共鸣、振动)that flow across the surface of plants. But it is not at all like the familiar vocalizations of crickets(蟋蟀); instead, it’s something richer, more varied. Some sounds are song-like, others are similar to the noises of machines or musical instruments. The noise made from even a single plant may be “as noisy as a busy street”.
In An Immense World: How Animal Senses Reveal the Hidden Realms Around Us, Pulitzer prize-winning science journalist Ed Yong explains that, on a real walk instead of this one we’ve imagined, humans would not be able to hear the treehoppers’ music without special equipment. In the company of scientists with a laser vibrometer(振动计), a device that changes the treehopper vibrations into sounds audible to human ears, Yong gets to hear them in the wild and in the laboratory. He is shocked by the attractive sounds.
In this book that follows on from 2018’s I Contain Multitudes, Yong writes in a perfect balance of scientific severity and personal awe as he invites readers to grasp something of how other animals experience the municating through surface vibrations is a rather cool example that extends beyond treehoppers to elephants and spiders, and to this fact about frogs. Attuned to vibrations entering the eggs, frog hatches quickly if a snake shows up with a hard bite, but ignore rain, wind, footsteps and even an earthquake.
My admiration for the book is, well, immense. Like many thousands of other people, I have relied throughout the course of COVID-19 on Yong’s reporting at The Atlantic as he cracked open the fast-changing world of pandemic science. Now, with An Immense World, Yong brings into beautiful focus a host of other animal sensory worlds that co-exist with ours, and how we may protect them.
13．How does the soundscape come about according to paragraph 1
A．It comes from humans’ muscles.
B．It arises from the vocalizations of crickets.
C．It comes from an imaginable world.
D．It arises from vibrations flowing across the surface of plants.
14．Why can Yong hear the treehopper’s music
A．Because of a laser device.
B．Because of the surface of plants.
C．Because of the nature of the insects.
D．Because of the special imaginable environment.
15．What can we learn about An Immense World
A．It appeals to all kinds of peoples.
B．It is aimed at protecting the animals.
C．It is scheduled to be published next year.
D．It describes a virtual world full of animals.
16．What is the text
A．A news report. B．A historical novel.
C．A book review. D．A personal biography.
Sicilian Rouge High GABA is a special type of tomato designed to contain high levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (氨基丁酸), an amino acid believed to aid relaxation and help lower blood pressure.
Tokyo-based startup Sanatech Seed Company teamed up with scientists at the University of Tsukuba to develop a new variety of tomatoes using CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology. Named Sicilian Rouge High GABA, this new type of tomato contains five to six times the normal level of a type of amino acid called gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA．According to Japanese media, the company removed an inhibitory domain (抑制域)within the tomato’s genome to enable it to produce these high levels of GABA．
According to Shimpei Takeshita, President of Sanatech Seed and Chief Innovation Officer of Pioneer EcoScience, the exclusive distributor of the tomato, the company was given permission to commercialize the genetically changed Sicilian Rouge High GABA variety last December, and contract farmers who have been growing them ever since. Now, the tomatoes are ready to hit store shelves.
“At first, we got mixed reactions to genome- edited foods, and we thought it would be difficult to bring them to market as they’re not fully understood by consumers,” Tatsuo Takeshita, chair of Sanatech Seed told NHK. “But the tomatoes earned a good name from those who took part in the trials.”
A Japanese health ministry committee gave Sanatech Seed permission to commercialize the new tomato variety. They provided notification and the startup plans to ship each package of tomatoes with a sticker that says “improved using genome-editing technology”.
Unlike genetically modified foods, genome-edited plant varieties are considered just as safe as varieties improved using traditional methods because no outside gene is introduced during the process.
Sanatech Seed has already started accepting online orders for Sicilian Rouge High GABA tomatoes. A 3-kilogram box of tomatoes will reportedly cost 7,500 yen. That’s a lot of money for tomatoes.
17．What do we know about Sicilian Rouge High GABA
A．It is beneficial to our health. B．It can promote tomatoes’ output.
C．It contains high level of nutrition. D．It can make people energetic.
18．Who permitted the new tomatoes into the market
A．President of the Sanatech Seed Company, B．The University of Tsukuba, Tokyo.
C．A Japanese health ministry committee. D．Chair of Tatsuo Takeshita Company.
19．How is the genome-edited plant regarded
A．Harmful. B．Easy. C．Traditional. D．Secure.
20．What is the writer’s attitude to Sicilian Rouge High GABA
A．Curious. B．Subjective. C．Dissatisfied. D．Objective.
There are many different types of houses in the UK. You may see detached, semi-detached, terraced houses or even end-of-terrace houses on a typical street. You might see apartments in wealthier parts of town, or people living in bungalows, preferring to live a life without stairs. Strange cottages may dot the countryside, while heading to the cities you could see any number of types of flats, including houses turned into flats, studios and duplexes. But one thing you will notice is that many houses come from different eras, and asking a British person about their ideal home, many of them will have a specific period property in mind.
For some, it could be Victorian houses, which are often seen with bay windows, high ceilings, stained glass doors and colored brickwork. During the Victorian era, a huge number of houses, particularly terraced, were built in towns and cities to accommodate vast numbers of workers who were moving from more rural areas.
Georgian architecture refers to houses built during the period of 1714 and 1830 during the rules of four British monarchs. Usually houses with this architectural style have a more symmetrical theme, both internally and externally, with a small square garden in front. For those not into older properties, new builds from the 1990s onwards offer better insulation against the cold and newer electrics. And those who prefer less repairs could always go with the open-plan or minimalist look of the modem era.
So, whether it’s high ceilings, better insulation, brickwork, bungalows or square gardens, people in Britain have a wide variety of preferences when it comes to where they live. And their ideal home may just simply be a case of what style feels like home.
21．What do the Victorian houses have
A．A small square garden in front. B．High ceilings and colored brickwork.
C．A more symmetrical theme than any other era. D．Broken windows and stainless doors.
22．Why does the author mention Victorian and Georgian houses
A．To display the wisdom of the architects. B．To introduce the origin of them.
C．To attract people fond of British houses. D．To show the diversity of British houses.
23．What can we learn from the text
A．The preference of British for the houses. B．The history of the Georgian houses.
C．The house structures of Britain. D．The fine scenery in Britain.
24．What will the author probably talk about next
A．Ideal British home. B．Terraced houses.
C．Georgian houses. D．Square and gardens.
“The research is clear that usable knowledge — that is, learning that can be transferred to new situations — only occurs when individuals are actively making sense of the world” (Science and Engineering for Grades 6-12: Investigation and Design at the Center, p.57)
One of the recent innovations (创新) in science and engineering education is the central focus on having students figure out puzzling phenomena and solving real-world problems. This idea builds on decades of research on how people learn and shifts the focus from “learning about” a science topic or the engineering design process to “figuring out” how to explain a phenomenon they see or solving a problem. With this focus, students learn ideas and skills because they realize they are missing some knowledge or skill that would allow them to answer their own questions — to satisfy their curiosity.
Students’ engagement in their own learning is a strong predictor of their achievement, and teachers often report that it is a challenge to engage students in learning when they are not face-to-face in a classroom. However, by centering students’ experience on figuring something out that they are genuinely curious about, science and engineering learning can become the most engaging part of a student’s day, even in remote learning environments. A phenomenon-and problem-centered focus provides opportunities to connect learning more closely to students’ own lives and therefore to make it more relevant to them when they are at home.
If students explore a phenomenon or problem that they see in their own home, neighborhood, or community, they can more easily apply the learning in other aspects of their lives.
25．Why is the quotation put at the beginning of the text
A．To popularize the idea of a book. B．To lead in the author’s concept.
C．To arouse the readers’ interest. D．To introduce the background.
26．How will students benefit from the innovation in science and engineering education
A．They will become more curious. B．They will become the center of the course.
C．They will be motivated to learn. D．They will have better learning environment.
The 2021 (22nd) Hainan Island Carnival kicked off in Haikou, capital city of Hainan province, on Dec 10th, 2021.
Zhang Xu, Chinese vice-minister of Culture and Tourism, said in his speech that the Ministry of Culture and Tourism will continue to support Hainan in comprehensively deepening reform and opening up, support Hainan's aim to become an international tourism consumption center, and provide assistance for the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port.
The festival jointly organized by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and the People's Government of Hainan province has become a vital platform in the past 20 years for Hainan to strengthen cooperation and exchanges in the fields of tourism, culture and sports with the world. This session of Hainan Island Carnival digs deep into all the possible “joyful elements” and fully displays the rich and unique tourism and cultural resources of Hainan so as to engage both tourists and residents to actively participate and interact in building Hainan Island, which has entered its peak tourism season, into a joyful destination for visitors around the world.
Apart from the opening ceremony, a series of exciting activities are scheduled to be held during the festival, including 2021 Hainan World Leisure Tourism Expo, 2021 Hainan International Tourism and Food Expo, the second Hainan International Tourism Equipment Expo, the second Hainan World Culture Week, and the fourth China-ASEAN University Student Culture Week.
Haikou is the event's main venue (主会场), while five other cities, namely, Sanya, Danzhou, Qionghai, Wanning and Wenchang, will serve as supporting venues, in which conferences and exhibitions, culture and art, sports and competitions, and promotional activities will be staged to enrich people s visiting experience.
In terms of tourism, resources of attractive scenic spots, rural tourism, shopping tourism are fully included, seven thematic (主题的) tourism routes including shopping, rural tourism, health tourism, red tourism, conference and exhibition, research and study, oceanic tourism will be launched to attract more visitors to travel to Hainan, which will stimulate (刺激) tourism consumption and help the construction of an international tourism consumption center.
27．What does the underlined phrase “kicked off” probably mean
A．struck B．ended C．declared D．started
28．What can we know about the Carnival
A．We can enjoy a variety of activities. B．It is organized by Sanya government.
C．It is held only in the Capital city, Haikou. D．We can visit more than 20 platforms.
29．What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A．To suggest what people should do after it. B．To show the potential effects of the carnival.
C．To prove to us why they hold the carnival. D．To introduce how they develop shopping tourism.
30．What will Hainan be in the future
A．A main venue of the carnival. B．An important platform.
C．A free trade port in China. D．A university student center.
When you were at school, were you ever told to stop daydreaming and concentrate It was easy for your mind to wander if you weren’t interested in what you were learning or if you had better things to think about. Staying focused can still be a challenge in adult life, but understanding how to do it, and knowing what is distracting you, can help.
Scientists have looked at what makes us delay and found a number of ways to help us stay in the zone. One of the most obvious things is removing noise. Research by Science Focus magazine found silence is best for concentration, or a gentle background hum and coffee shop noise is great! It also found turning off notifications on your phone, or switching it off altogether, removes a major distraction and helps us focus on the task at hand.
Another possible cure for a short attention span is brain training. Psychologists and neuroscientists are increasingly interested in our ability to get down to it and have looked at what we can change inside our head to make us concentrate. An article for BBC Future by Caroline Williams says that “Attention Researcher NilliLavie of University College London has found that making a task more visually demanding takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions.” So, keeping your mind busy might be the answer.
There are more practical tips to keeping your mind focused. These include making a list or timetable of the tasks you have to do, finding a workspace where you’re not tempted to do other things, or chewing some gum! It’s possible that the movement in your mouth occupies parts of the brain that might otherwise get distracted.
But according to Science Focus magazine, distraction isn’t all bad. “If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival.”
31．Which of the following distracts people easily according to the scientists
A．Task. B．Science. C．Zone. D．Noise.
32．What do we know according to Caroline Williams
A．Attention is paid to his articles. B．Distraction is not easy to settle.
C．Challenging tasks make people concentrate. D．A noisy background helps cure distraction.
33．What is the writer’s attitude toward distraction
A．Dissatisfied. B．Objective. C．Subjective. D．Curious.
34．What does the text mainly talk about
A．Dealing with distraction. B．Ways distracting people.
C．Things interesting people. D．Learning skills.
Many people think that you need to travel great distances and go on expensive trips to create beautiful photos. If you consider macro photography, which is capturing (捕捉) tiny details, an entirely new world may open for you right in your own backyard. This is what I decided to do to challenge myself recently! I chose a relatively small area in my neighborhood to revisit over a couple of days, but the only rules I gave myself were not to photograph anything above the knees.
Using a 50 mm macro lens (微距镜头) on a traditional DSLR camera, I walked around looking for different opportunities. I also often use two extension (伸缩) tubes, which help me get ever closer to my subject matter and increase the magnification (放大率). In the evening light, the high contrast helps you see small things like jumping grasshoppers or other insects flying around, but during the day it can be more challenging. To find good subject matter, I like to crawl (爬) around and look at the world from a lizard or snake’s point of view. It adds significantly more drama, improves the image. It also has the power to transform a beautiful subject into a beautiful piece of art.
I really also pay attention to the background elements, not just the subject matter, especially with wildflowers. How in focus the background is, or how out of focus it is, can change an image. I like to shoot with a fully blurred (模糊的) background, called bokeh, though sometimes increasing depth of field and not having total blurriness can be beneficial to the composition, too.
You also don’t need a special camera set up to do this. Using a smartphone, you can easily use tools like portrait mode, to help blur the background. Some apps also allow for a greater level of control with depth of field and close-up photography. It’s less about the camera you use, and more all about how you use it!
35．What makes a splendid composition
A．Taking an expensive trip. B．Capturing the details of life.
C．Shooting anything above the knees. D．Looking at a beautiful subject.
36．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．A traditional DSLR camera. B．The ways of macro shooting.
C．Shooting down at subjects. D．Insects flying around.
37．What does “this” refer to in the last paragraph
A．background B．portrait C．bokeh D．camera
38．What would be the best title for this passage
A．My Neighborhood B．The Backyard
C．Crouching down Yourself D．Macro Photography
Biological age might help determine your quality of life as you get older, since your cells and organs have ages varying from your regular age. Many aging-research scientists believe that knowing your biological age could help you postpone or avoid age-related illnesses, and better predict an individual’s lifespan (寿命). Other scientists argue that there’s no standard way to measure biological age. At the center of the debate are hopes that people can extend their lives by changing their behaviors.
Since everybody’s genes (基因) are different, tracking your biological age could help determine your most helpful habits and customize them. People also can attempt to lower their biological age through ways of effectively managing stress.
Dr. Sinclair at Harvard is developing a biological-age test based on chemical changes on DNA．He plans to launch it with a new company called Tally Health. Though criticized by other scientists for hyping the results of some of his findings for his business, he says that he doesn’t overstate his research findings.
Inside Tracker, a personalized-nutrition company founded by scientists, calculates biological age by having users take blood tests and analyzing the samples for marks of diseases. Those who test as older than their years get recommendations to adjust diet, exercise and medicine.
Many other health startups are offering testing that claims to calculate biological age, sometimes with little scientific backing, and designing medicine aimed at boosting youthfulness.
Stephen Robert tested himself earlier this year with an at-home blood test as an effort to improve his health at age 51. “I drink and smoke,” he says, so he expected his biological age to be a lot older than his calendar age. He says he was shocked when test results reported his biological age was 24.
Gordan Lauc, professor of biochemistry and chief scientific officer of GlycanAge, says the results make sense given Mr. Robert’s genetics — longevity runs in his family and lifestyle, which is likely less stressful.
39．What can people do after knowing their biological ages
A．Improve their calendar ages to prevent diseases.
B．Determine ways to effectively manage stress.
C．Get personalized-nutrition plan to improve health.
D．Lengthen their lives by changing their conduct.
40．Why did some scientists criticize Dr. Sinclair
A．He overstated his findings to make a profit.
B．His scientific research was far from mature.
C．His company let out people’s biological age.
D．Biological-age test did harm to people’s health.
41．What accounts for Stephen’s young biological age according to Gordan
A．He manages stress in life successfully. B．He had good nutrition at his childhood.
C．His family has a long-life tradition. D．He has improved his biological life.
42．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A．Understand Your Calendar Life and Stay Healthy
B．Meet Your Biological Age and Extend Your Life
C．Improve Your Biological Age with Good Habits
D．Employ Biological Technology to Start Business
Several days ago Spanish fashion brand Zara sparked a fierce debate after releasing its latest campaign featuring a Chinese model with freckles (雀斑). Actually, there are some different beauty standards between the East and the West.
In East Asia, freckles might be considered a “destructive weakness” for celebrities, especially actors or singers. Although normal people don’t care that much, subconsciously they might prefer a “clean” face. Generally speaking, freckles are more likely to appear if people are out in the sun frequently, and most East Asian women avoid the sun as best they can.
Having freckles, instead, is a trademark for unconventional beauty in the Western world, and some call freckles “angel kisses”. For most westerners, having freckles is no longer just something you have to live with; instead, it is something to be desired. After all, not everyone is lucky enough to have freckles.
When it comes to eye shapes, it seems Western and Chinese beauty standards don’t see eye-to-eye. Many Chinese think girls with big eyes are the most beautiful. If their eyes have a double-fold eyelid, that is considered perfect. However, most foreigners seem to prefer Chinese girls with slanted (斜的) and narrow eyes and eyebrows. Chinese known model Lyv Yan is often considered the country’s most beautiful by foreigners, while quite a few Chinese people think her appearance doesn’t fit with traditional beauty standards.
Young, girly feature or hot and mature feature Zhao Liying from China, Aragaki Yui from Japan and Lim Yoon-A from South Korea enjoy high popularity in Asia, as they boast bright faces with warm smiles, which win them lots of male fans. The three young celebrities represent Asia’s beauty standards: women with cute, girly features. Most women in Asia try their best to stay young accordingly. Unlike Chinese girls, Western girls think a more mature look shows independence and uniqueness. The superhero Wonder Woman is an ideal type for most.
As ties continue to grow between China and the West, it is unavoidable that these beauty standards develop. But one thing’s for sure-no matter how you look, you are who you are, and that should be satisfaction enough.
43．What do most western people think of having freckles
A．It is something unbearable. B．It is a destructive weakness.
C．It is something to wish for. D．It is a symbol of traditional beauty.
44．What do the underlined words “see eye-to-eye” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Have the same opinion. B．Recognize their strengths.
C．Misunderstand each other. D．Argue against one another.
45．Why do western girls prefer to appear mature
A．They think this beauty standard is better. B．They want to look independent and unique.
C．They hope to have high popularity in Asia. D．They admire Wonder Woman very much.
46．What does the text mainly talk about
A．What Zara’s beauty standard is. B．Why Chinese people don’t like freckles.
C．What causes the different beauty standards. D．How easterners and westerners think of beauty.
There are many sources of debate on a long road trip, including route selection, the choice of snacks ,and, probably most importantly, what to play on the radio. Finding a way for all parties to listen to their own audio without the need for headphones has been a goal of car makers for decades and scientists may have finally managed it.
A team from the University of Le Mans in France carefully positioned microphones, speakers and filters (过滤器) to create personalised sound zones (PSZs) inside a car, and the small regions are where sound from a set of speakers can be heard clearly. Outside these, it can not be heard.
One barrier which scientists have previously been unable to overcome was the impact of moving one’s seat. They were able to form a PSZ, but unable to move it to follow a person if they moved the seat forwards or backwards.
The French team created a new algorithm (算法) specifically to tackle this issue, which handles the sound waves to create “bright” and “dark” zones in the car. “Loudspeakers are placed in the headrests. and specific filters for each transducer (换能器) are calculated to reproduce a sound signal that maintains. good quality in the zone under consideration and is strongly weakened in other zones.” said Dr Lucas Vindrola, the author of the study. “The key to the technique working properly is having sufficient microphones placed around the car to detect how many people are in the car and where they are sitting. The price to pay is to have control microphones in the passenger section, so that the algorithm can work.”
However, the technique is not yet ready to be commercially rolled out as a luxurious optional extra just yet, as it currently works only for a limited range of frequencies.
47．What was once a challenge for scientists
A．PSZs could hardly be formed. B．The sound of moving a seat is loud.
C．They couldn’t create movable PSZs. D．The seats couldn’t be moved back and forth.
48．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．How the impact of moving one’s seat was addressed.
B．Why enough microphones are placed around the car.
C．When the algorithm can work well for all passengers.
D．Where “bright” and “dark” zones are created in the car.
49．What can we infer about the new technique
A．It currently works without limitation.
B．It has been put into use commercially.
C．It can function well with enough microphones.
D．It is costly to detect the position of microphones.
50．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To launch a new debate. B．To tackle an old problem.
C．To advertise an algorithm. D．To introduce a new technology.
参考答案
1．C
2．A
3．D
4．B
【解析】
【导语】
本篇为说明文。本文是对于校园“隐形”欺凌现象剖析及采取的应对措施。
1．
推理判断题。从第一段“If you thought teenage bullying was about someone’s bag being thrown on the science block roof or malicious (恶意的) exchanges on Snapchat，then you need to meet...an increasing number of girls are asking for help with hidden forms of bullying，often within friendship groups.”(如果你认为青少年欺凌是指某人的包被扔在科学楼屋顶上，或者Snapchat上的恶意交流，那么你需要认识一下……越来越多的女孩正在寻求帮助，解决隐藏形式的欺凌，通常是在朋友圈内。)可知，如果你的思维还停留在青少年欺凌表现为肢体暴力或言语暴力，你需要了解朋友圈里的“隐形”欺凌。可推理出青少年欺凌呈现不同形式。故选C。
2．
词义猜测题。从第四段前两句“Typically，being in a toxic friendship can wear on a girl’s self-esteem. She will follow the other’s advice on diet and dressing and appears to be forgoing her own ambitions to please her friend.”(通常情况下，处于一段有毒的友谊会损害一个女孩的自尊。她会听从对方在饮食和穿衣方面的建议，为了取悦她的朋友，她似乎forgoing了自己的抱负)可知这种“毒”友谊会损害受害者自信，她会听从朋友饮食和着装意见，似乎为了取悦朋友而放弃自己的抱负。故划线词的意思是“放弃”。故选A。
3．
推理判断题。从第五段“when a girl shares something difficult that’s happening to her, and the friend responds with，’Oh, everyone goes through that’,essentially trying to belittle them.”当一个女孩分享遇到的困难时，朋友轻描淡写地说“每个人都经历这些”，本质上是在贬低她们。可知D选项“哦,是吗 嗯，更糟糕的事情发生在我身上”是“topping”这个例子之一。故选D。
4．
细节理解题。从倒数第二段最后一句“Advise them to talk to their friends in a neutral space，preferably a day after an incident.”(建议他们在一个中立的空间和朋友交谈，最好是在事件发生后的第二天)以及最后一段“When confronting their friends，they should confine(限制)it to their experience —’I feel like this’— rather than making accusations —’You did this’.”(当面对朋友时，他们应该把话题局限在自己的经历上—我觉得这样’—而不是指责—是你干的)可知，对于一段艰难的友谊，建议女孩和她的朋友谈谈。故选B。
5．A
6．D
7．C
8．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了斯坦福大学的研究人员开发了一种名为“自然灵感空中抓取器”的设备。配备该设备后，无人机能够四处飞行，捕捉和携带物体，并在各种表面栖息。
5．
细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句话“The researchers shot videos of small parrots flying back and forth between special perches that contained sensors to measure the physical forces of landing, perching and takeoff.( 研究人员拍摄了小鹦鹉在特殊群体之间来回飞行的视频，这些群体包含传感器，用于测量着陆、栖息和起飞的物理力。)”可知据研究人员是受到了鹦鹉的启发。故选A项。
6．
细节理解题。根据第五段的第一、二句话“Mechanisms in the robot’s legs are designed to absorb impact energy and passively change it into grasping force, the way that a bird’s muscles would. As a result, a drone equipped with the device can grasp something strongly in just 20 milliseconds.(机器人腿上的机械装置被设计成吸收冲击能量，并被动地将其转化为抓取力，就像鸟类的肌肉那样。因此，配备该设备的无人机可以在20毫秒内强有力地抓住东西)”可知配备该设备的无人机能快速强有力的抓住物体，是因为机器人腿上的机械装置被设计得像鸟类的肌肉那样。故选D项。
7．
推理判断题。通读最后一段的最后两句“As this 2019 Smithsonian article explains, being able to land in various places helps drones to conserve energy that would expend by having to remain in the air. That’s important, because the flight time of robotic aircrafts is limited by their battery power. (正如2019年史密森尼学会的一篇文章所解释的那样，能够在不同的地方降落有助于节省由于必须留在空中而消耗的能量。这一点很重要，因为机器人飞机的飞行时间受到电池电量的限制。)”可知，而这项发明帮助机器人飞机节省由于必须留在空中而消耗的能量，从而解决此前机器人飞机的飞行时间受到电池电量的限制的问题。故选C项。
8．
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段中“Stanford University researchers have developed a device called a nature-inspired aerial grasper, or SNAG, which can be attached to a quadcopter drone (四轴无人机) to give it feet and legs like those of an eagle.(斯坦福大学的研究人员开发了一种名为“自然灵感空中抓取器”的设备，它可以被连接到四轴飞行器无人机上，使其拥有像鹰一样的脚和腿)”第四段中“SNAG has a 3D-printed structure that imitates an eagle’s lightweight bones”(自然灵感空中抓取器有一个三维打印结构，模仿老鹰轻量级的骨头)和第五段“Mechanisms in the robot’s legs are designed to absorb impact energy and passively change it into grasping force, the way that a bird’s muscles would.”(机器人腿上的机械装置被设计成吸收冲击能量，并被动地将其转化为抓取力，就像鸟类的肌肉那样。)可知机器人飞机灵感来自于鸟，拥有像鹰一样的脚和腿,并且模仿了鸟类的肌肉，故机器人飞机真的很像鸟。故选B项。
9．B
10．D
11．A
12．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。一项新的研究表明，农作物保险可能会让农民在农田里不积极采取气候变化缓解措施。
【详解】
9. 细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study suggests that crop insurance serves as a disincentive （抑制因素） for farmers to adopt climate change relief measures on their croplands.”（一项新的研究表明，农作物保险阻碍了农民在他们的农田上采取气候变化救济措施。）和第四段“If insurance will cover crop losses due to various effects like drought or severe weather, a farmer may not want to pay the extra expense for climate change adaptation efforts such as using cover crops to improve soil health, for example.”（如果保险将涵盖因干旱或恶劣天气等各种影响而造成的作物损失，农民可能不想为适应气候变化的努力支付额外的费用，例如使用覆盖作物改善土壤健康。）可知，农作物保险带来了一个预料之外的后果：因为有了保险覆盖他们的损失，所以农民不愿意额外花钱采取气候变化缓解措施以应对极端天气。故选B。
10. 词义猜测题。根据“This could be an unintended consequence of the government’s providing subsidies for crop insurance, which costs a large sum of money,” （“这可能是政府为农作物保险提供subsidies的意外后果，这需要花费一大笔钱。”）后面的money可知，此处应该是指政府在经济方面的补助。故选D。
11. 细节理解题。根据第四段 “The concept of moral crisis could be present here. If insurance will cover crop losses due to various effects like drought or severe weather, a farmer may not want to pay the extra expense for climate change adaptation efforts such as using cover crops to improve soil health, for example.”（道德危机的概念可能会解释这个问题的出现。如果保险将涵盖由于干旱或恶劣天气等各种影响造成的作物损失，农民可能会不想支付额外的费用，例如使用覆盖作物改善土壤健康状况。）可知，道德危机也许能解释农作物保险的意外后果。故选A。
12. 推理判断题。根据第五段“The study models indicate that an increase of daily minimum and maximum temperatures of 1 degree Celsius would increase county-level corn yield variability by 8. 6 bushels （1 bushel equals to 35. 24 L） per acre if 80% of farmers in a county have crop insurance. The same temperature rise in a county with 10％ crop insurance participation would increase corn yield variability by just 6.2 bushels per acre.”（研究模型表明，如果一个县80%的农民有作物保险，每日最低和最高温度升高1摄氏度将使该县的玉米产量变异性每英亩增加8.6蒲式耳（1蒲式耳等于35.24升）。在一个有10%作物保险参与的县，同样的温度升高只会使玉米产量变异性每英亩增加6.2蒲式耳。）可知，作者列出数据来说明农作物保险对玉米产量变异性的影响。故选C。
13．D
14．A
15．B
16．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章是一篇书评，介绍并评价了普利策奖得主、科学记者Ed Yong的书籍An Immense World。
13．
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Produced by the muscular movements of insects called treehopper (角蝉), this imagined soundscape comes from vibrations(共鸣、振动)that flow across the surface of plants.(这种想象中的音景是由一种名为角蝉的昆虫的肌肉运动产生的，它来自于流经植物表面的振动。)”可知，这种音景产生于流经植物表面的振动。故选D。
14．
细节理解题。根据第二段的“humans would not be able to hear the treehoppers’ music without special equipment. In the company of scientists with a laser vibrometer(振动计), a device that changes the treehopper vibrations into sounds audible to human ears, Yong gets to hear them in the wild and in the laboratory.(如果没有特殊的设备，人类将无法听到角蝉的音乐。在拥有激光测振仪的科学家的陪伴下，Yong在野外和实验室里都能听到它们的声音，激光测振仪是一种能将角蝉的振动转变为人耳可闻的声音的设备。)”可知，Yong能够听到角蝉的音乐是因为使用了一种激光振动仪。故选A。
15．
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Now, with An Immense World, Yong brings into beautiful focus a host of other animal sensory worlds that co-exist with ours, and how we may protect them.( 现在，在《无边无际的世界》一书中，Yong将许多其他与我们共存的动物感官世界，以及我们如何保护它们，带入了一个美丽的焦点。)”可知，《无边无际的世界》这本书的旨在保护动物。故选B。
16．
推理判断题。根据第二段的“In An Immense World: How Animal Senses Reveal the Hidden Realms Around Us, Pulitzer prize-winning science journalist Ed Yong explains that, on a real walk instead of this one we’ve imagined, humans would not be able to hear the treehoppers’ music without special equipment.(在《无边无际的世界：动物的感官如何揭示我们周围隐藏的领域》一书中，普利策奖得主、科学记者Ed Yong解释说，如果不是我们想象的这次散步，而是真正的散步，如果没有特殊的设备，人类将无法听到角蝉的音乐。)”以及全文对这本书的内容的介绍和评价可知，本文是一篇书评。故选C。
17．A
18．C
19．D
20．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章说明了总部位于东京的创业公司Sanatech Seed Company与筑波大学的科学家合作，利用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术开发了一种新的番茄品种。文章介绍了这种特殊类型的番茄的好处以及市场推广的情况。
17．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Sicilian Rouge High GABA is a special type of tomato designed to contain high levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (氨基丁酸), an amino acid believed to aid relaxation and help lower blood pressure.( Sicilian Rouge High GABA是一种特殊类型的番茄，含有高水平的伽马氨基丁酸（GABA），一种被认为有助于放松和降低血压的氨基酸)”可知，Sicilian Rouge High GABA对我们的健康有益。故选A。
18．
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“A Japanese health ministry committee gave Sanatech Seed permission to commercialize the new tomato variety. They provided notification and the startup plans to ship each package of tomatoes with a sticker that says “improved using genome-editing technology”.(日本厚生劳动省的一个健康委员会批准Sanatech种子公司将这种新的番茄品种商业化。他们提供了通知，这家初创公司计划在发运每包西红柿时贴上“使用基因组编辑技术改进”的标签)”可知，日本厚生省健康委员会允许新西红柿进入市场。故选C。
19．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Unlike genetically modified foods, genome-edited plant varieties are considered just as safe as varieties improved using traditional methods because no outside gene is introduced during the process.(与转基因食品不同，基因编辑的植物品种被认为与使用传统方法改良的品种一样安全，因为在这个过程中不会引入外部基因)”可推知，基因编辑过的植物是安全的。故选D。
20．
推理判断题。根据文章主要以列举第三方的客观事实和言论为主，没有涉及自己对Sicilian Rouge High GABA的态度，可推知，作者对Sicilian Rouge High GABA的态度是客观的。故选D。
21．B
22．D
23．A
24．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国房屋的不同类型以及两个时代的房屋特点。
21．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“For some, it could be Victorian houses, which are often seen with bay windows, high ceilings, stained glass doors and colored brickwork.(对一些人来说，这可能是维多利亚时代的房子，那里经常看到飘窗、高高的天花板、彩色玻璃门和彩色砖墙)”可知，维多利亚时代的房子有高高的天花板和彩色砖墙。故选B。
22．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“There are many different types of houses in the UK. You may see detached, semi-detached, terraced houses or even end-of-terrace houses on a typical street.(在英国有许多不同类型的房屋。在一条典型的街道上，你可能会看到独立式、半独立式、联排式房屋，甚至是街尾式房屋)”可推知，作者提到维多利亚和乔治时代的房子是为了展示英国房屋的多样性。故选D。
23．
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“So, whether it’s high ceilings, better insulation, brickwork, bungalows or square gardens, people in Britain have a wide variety of preferences when it comes to where they live.(所以，无论是高高的天花板、更好的隔热、砖砌、平房还是广场花园，英国人对他们居住的地方有着各种各样的偏好)”可知，可以从文章中了解到英国人对房子的偏爱。故选A。
24．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“And their ideal home may just simply be a case of what style feels like home.(他们理想中的家可能只是一个简单的案例，什么风格感觉像家)”可推知，接下来作者可能会谈论理想的英国家庭。故选A。
25．B
26．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。科学和工程教育最近的创新之一，是把重点放在让学生找出令人困惑的现象和解决现实世界的问题上，文章对此进行了介绍。
25．
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“One of the recent innovations (创新) in science and engineering education is the central focus on having students figure out puzzling phenomena and solving real-world problems.”(科学和工程教育最近的创新之一，是把重点放在让学生找出令人困惑的现象和解决现实世界的问题上。)和最后一句“With this focus, students learn ideas and skills because they realize they are missing some knowledge or skill that would allow them to answer their own questions — to satisfy their curiosity.”(有了这个重点，学生们就能学到一些想法和技能，因为他们意识到自己缺少一些知识或技能，这些知识或技能可以让他们回答自己的问题，以满足他们的好奇心。)以及第一段中的““The research is clear that usable knowledge — that is, learning that can be transferred to new situations — only occurs when individuals are actively making sense of the world” (Science and Engineering for Grades 6-12: Investigation and Design at the Center, p.57)”(研究表明，可用的知识即可以转移到新环境中的学习，只有在个人积极理解世界时才会发生”（6-12年级的科学与工程：中心的调查与设计，第57页）)可知，作者要介绍的科学和工程教育创新的重点和引言内容相近。所以引言放在文章开头是为了引入作者的概念。故选B。
26．
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“With this focus, students learn ideas and skills because they realize they are missing some knowledge or skill that would allow them to answer their own questions — to satisfy their curiosity.”(有了这个重点，学生们就能学到一些想法和技能，因为他们意识到自己缺少一些知识或技能，这些知识或技能可以让他们回答自己的问题，以满足他们的好奇心。)可知，通过科学和工程教育的创新，学生将会有学习的动力。故选C。
27．D
28．A
29．B
30．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了2021年第22届海南岛狂欢节。
27．
词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“The 2021 (22nd) Hainan Island Carnival kicked off in Haikou, capital city of Hainan province, on Dec 10th, 2021.（2021年海南岛狂欢节于2021年12月10日在海南省会城市海口 kicked off。）”并结合文章第五段“Haikou is the event's main venue (主会场)（海口是这次活动的主会场。）”提示可知，划线词此处指本次海南岛狂欢节与12月10日在海口开始举行，此处的kick off意思与start相近，意为“开始”，故选D。
28．
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Apart from the opening ceremony, a series of exciting activities are scheduled to be held during the festival（除了开幕式，狂欢节期间也安排了一系列有趣的活动）”可知，在这次狂欢节，游客可以参加各种各样的活动，故选A。
29．
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In terms of tourism, resources of attractive scenic spots, rural tourism, shopping tourism are fully included, seven thematic (主题的) tourism routes including shopping, rural tourism, health tourism, red tourism, conference and exhibition, research and study, oceanic tourism will be launched to attract more visitors to travel to Hainan, which will stimulate (刺激) tourism consumption and help the construction of an international tourism consumption center.（就旅游业而言，此活动包含了吸引人的旅游景点，郊区旅游，购物游，且特意推出了7条主题旅游险，吸引更多的游客到海南旅游，刺激旅游消费，并且帮助建设国际旅游消费中心。）”可知，最后一段主要讲述了此次欢乐节设置的活动对海南旅游业带来的潜在好处，故最后一段主要讲述此次狂欢节的潜在影响，故选B。
30．
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Zhang Xu, Chinese vice-minister of Culture and Tourism, said in his speech that the Ministry of Culture and Tourism will continue to support Hainan in comprehensively deepening reform and opening up, support Hainan's aim to become an international tourism consumption center, and provide assistance for the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port.（中国文化旅游副部长张旭在讲话中表示，文化旅游部将继续支持海南全面深化改革开放，支持海南成为国际旅游消费中心的目标，并为海南自由贸易港的建设提供支持。）”可知，文化旅游部将为海南成为自由贸易港提供支持和帮助，故海南将来会成为一个自由贸易港，故选C。
31．D
32．C
33．B
34．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了成年人容易分心，对此科学家研究了导致分心的原因并给出了一些有助于保持专注的方法。
31．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“One of the most obvious things is removing noise. Research by Science Focus magazine found silence is best for concentration, or a gentle background hum and coffee shop noise is great!(最明显的方法之一就是去除噪音。《科学焦点》杂志的研究发现，安静最有助于集中注意力，或者柔和的背景嗡嗡声和咖啡店的噪音也很好！)”可知，噪音容易让人分心。故选D。
32．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“An article for BBC Future by Caroline Williams says that “Attention Researcher NilliLavie of University College London has found that making a task more visually demanding takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions.”(卡罗琳·威廉姆斯在《BBC未来》上发表的一篇文章中说，“伦敦大学学院的注意力研究员NilliLavie发现，让一项任务对视觉要求更高，需要更多的处理能力，使大脑无法处理干扰。”)”可知，具有挑战性的任务使人集中精力。故选C。
33．
推理判断题。根据第一段“Staying focused can still be a challenge in adult life, but understanding how to do it, and knowing what is distracting you, can help.(在成年人的生活中，保持专注仍然是一个挑战，但了解如何做到这一点，知道是什么让你分心，会有所帮助)”以及最后一段“But according to Science Focus magazine, distraction isn’t all bad. “If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival.”(但根据《科学焦点》杂志的说法，分心也不全是坏事。“如果我们总是如此专注，从不分心，我们就会错过环境中的潜在变化，比如威胁。分散注意力对生存至关重要。”)”可知，作者先是说明了处理分心有助于保持专注，最后一段则说分心也有好处，故可推知，作者对分心的态度是客观态度。故选B。
34．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Staying focused can still be a challenge in adult life, but understanding how to do it, and knowing what is distracting you, can help.(在成年人的生活中，保持专注仍然是一个挑战，但了解如何做到这一点，知道是什么让你分心，会有所帮助)”结合文章主要说明了成年人容易分心，对此科学家研究了导致分心的原因并给出了一些有助于保持专注的方法。可知，这篇文章主要讲了处理分心的办法。故选A。
35．B
36．B
37．C
38．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了什么是微距摄影，及这种摄影方式的操作方法。
35．
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Many people think that you need to travel great distances and go on expensive trips to create beautiful photos. If you consider macro photography, which is capturing (捕捉) tiny details, an entirely new world may open for you right in your own backyard.”（许多人认为，为了拍出漂亮的照片，你需要长途跋涉，进行昂贵的旅行。如果你考虑微距摄影，即捕捉微小细节，一个全新的世界可能会在你自己的后院为你打开。）可知，如果我们善于捕捉生活的细节，那我们会发现一个全新的摄影世界，拍出优秀的作品，由此可知，捕捉生活的细节可以创造出优秀的作品。故选B项。
36．
主旨大意题。通读第二段内容，结合关键句“Using a 50 mm macro lens (微距镜头) on a traditional DSLR camera, I walked around looking for different opportunities. I also often use two extension (伸缩) tubes, which help me get ever closer to my subject matter and increase the magnification (放大率).”（在传统的单反相机上使用50毫米的微距镜头，我四处寻找不同的机会。我还经常使用两个伸缩管，这有助于我更接近我的主题，并提高放大率。）可知，本段内容主要介绍了如何进行微距拍摄，通过在传统的单反相机上使用50毫米的微距镜头，也可以通过使用伸缩管，提高放大率，由此可知，第二段主要讲了微距拍摄的方式。故选B项。
37．
词义猜测题。根据画线单词上文“I like to shoot with a fully blurred (模糊的) background, called bokeh, though sometimes increasing depth of field and not having total blurriness can be beneficial to the composition, too.”（我喜欢在完全模糊的背景下拍摄，称为bokeh（焦外成像），尽管有时增加景深和不完全模糊也有利于构图。）可知，上文介绍了一种名为bokeh（焦外成像）的拍摄方式，是在完全模糊的背景下进行拍摄，根据画线单词后句“Using a smartphone, you can easily use tools like portrait mode, to help blur the background.”（使用智能手机，你可以轻松使用肖像模式等工具来帮助模糊背景。）可知，下文介绍了使用智能手机的肖像模式等工具也可以帮助模糊背景，由此可知，画线单词所在句指的是你不需要一个特殊的摄像机来进行bokeh拍摄，使用智能手机也可以做到，“this”代指的是上文提到的“bokeh（焦外成像）”。故选C项。
38．
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“If you consider macro photography, which is capturing (捕捉) tiny details, an entirely new world may open for you right in your own backyard.”（如果你考虑微距摄影，即捕捉微小细节，一个全新的世界可能会在你自己的后院为你打开。）和第二段关键句“Using a 50 mm macro lens (微距镜头) on a traditional DSLR camera, I walked around looking for different opportunities.”（在传统的单反相机上使用50毫米的微距镜头，我四处寻找不同的机会。）可知，本文主要介绍了什么是微距摄影，及这种摄影方式的操作方法，“Macro Photography”意为“微距摄影”，能够概括文章主要内容。故选D项。
39．D
40．A
41．C
42．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了解生物年龄能帮助人们通过改变行为习惯来延长寿命。
39．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Many aging-research scientists believe that knowing your biological age could help you postpone or avoid age-related illnesses, and better predict an individual’s lifespan(寿命). (许多研究衰老的科学家认为，知道自己的生理年龄可以帮助你推迟或避免与年龄有关的疾病，并更好地预测一个人的寿命。)”和第二段的“At the center of the debate are hopes that people can extend their lives by changing their behaviors. (争论的中心是希望人们可以通过改变行为来延长寿命)”可知，了解生物年龄能够帮助人们推迟或者避免与年龄相关的疾病，人们也可以通过改变行为习惯来延长寿命。故选D。
40．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Dr. Sinclair at Harvard is developing a biological-age test based on chemical changes on DNA. He plans to launch it with a new company called Tally Health. (哈佛大学的辛克莱博士正在开发一种基于DNA化学变化的生物年龄测试。他计划与一家名为“塔利健康”的新公司一起推出这款产品。)”以及“Though criticized by other scientists for hyping the results of some of his findings for his business, he says that he doesn't overstate his research findings.( 虽然其他科学家批评他为了自己的生意而夸大自己的一些研究结果，但他说自己并没有夸大自己的研究结果。)”可知，哈佛大学的辛克莱博士计划与Tally Health合作，研发能够检测生物年龄的测试，然而遭到别的科学家的批评。由此可知，一些科学家批评他，是因为认为他夸大字节的研究结果，并以此牟利。故选A。
41．
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“the results make sense given Mr. Robert's genetics—longevity runs in his family and lifestyle, which is likely less stressful.(考虑到罗伯特的基因长寿与他的家庭和生活方式有关，他的生活压力可能更小，这一结果是合理的。)”可知，戈登教授解释说，这是因为罗伯特先生的遗传基因，他的家族都长寿。故选C。
42．
主旨大意题。本文介绍了解生物年龄的好处是能够让人们通过改变自身行为习惯来延长寿命。故B项“了解你的生物年龄，延长寿命”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。
43．C
44．A
45．B
46．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了东西方在雀斑、眼型、清纯，成熟等方面的审美观的不同。
43．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“For most westerners, having freckles is no longer just something you have to live with; instead, it is something to be desired.（对于大多数西方人来说，长雀斑不再是一件必须忍受的事情；相反，它是人们渴望的东西。）”可知，大多数西方人认为有雀斑并不是一件要忍受的事，而是一件非常盼望的事。故选C项。
44．
词句猜测题。根据第四段二、三、四句“Many Chinese think girls with big eyes are the most beautiful. If their eyes have a double-fold eyelid, that is considered perfect. However, most foreigners seem to prefer Chinese girls with slanted (斜的) and narrow eyes and eyebrows.（许多中国人认为大眼睛的女孩最漂亮。如果他们的眼睛有双眼皮，那就被认为是完美的。然而，大多数外国人似乎更喜欢中国女孩倾斜的和狭窄的眼睛和眉毛。）”可知，有关眼睛的形状问题，很多中国人和西方人看法不同，从而可推知该词组意思是“看法相同”。故选A项。
45．
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段倒数第二句“Unlike Chinese girls, Western girls think a more mature look shows independence and uniqueness.（与中国女孩不同的是，西方女孩认为更成熟的外表显示出独立和独特。）”可知，西方女孩更喜欢看起来成熟是因为她们想要以更成熟的外表来显得独立与独特。故选B项。
46．
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Actually, there are some different beauty standards between the East and the West.（事实上，东西方之间有一些不同的审美标准。）”并结合下文介绍的东西方审美的不同可知，本文主要介绍了东西方在雀斑、眼型、清纯，成熟等方面的审美观的不同。故选D项。
47．C
48．A
49．C
50．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新科技，这项科技可以让在车上的每个人都可以在不带耳机的情况下，听到自己喜欢听的音乐。
47．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“One barrier which scientists have previously been unable to overcome was the impact of moving one’s seat.They were able to form a PSZ, but unable to move it to follow a person if they moved the seat forwards or backwards.（科学家们此前一直无法克服的一个障碍是移动座位的影响。他们能够形成一个PSZ，但如果他们向前或向后移动座位，就不能跟随人来移动它。）”可知，PSZs没有办法随着座位移动而移动。故选C项。
48．
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段的“The French team created a new algorithm (算法) specifically to tackle this issue, which handles the sound waves to create “bright” and “dark” zones in the car.（ 这个法国团队专门开发了一种新算法来解决这个问题，通过处理声波来在车内创造“明亮”和“黑暗”区域。）”以及“The key to the technique working properly is having sufficient microphones placed around the car to detect how many people are in the car and where they are sitting. The price to pay is to have control microphones in the passenger section, so that the algorithm can work.(这项技术正常工作的关键是在汽车周围放置足够多的麦克风，以检测车内有多少人以及他们坐的地方。付出的代价是要在乘客区安装麦克风，这样算法才能起作用。)”可知，本段讲述如何要解决PSZs座位移动就听不到的问题，采用新的算法，乘客区放置足够多的麦克风，来解决这个问题。故选A项。
49．
推理判断题。根据文章第四段倒数第二句“The key to the technique working properly is having sufficient microphones placed around the car to detect how many people are in the car and where they are sitting.The price to pay is to have control microphones in the passenger section, so that the algorithm can work.(这项技术正常工作的关键是在汽车周围放置足够多的麦克风，以检测车内有多少人以及他们坐的地方。付出的代价是要在乘客区安装麦克风，这样算法才能起作用。）”可知，新科技成功与否的关键取决于是否有足够多的麦克风安装在车中。故选C项。
50．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Finding a way for all parties to listen to their own audio without the need for headphones has been a goal of car makers for decades and scientists may have finally managed it.（几十年来，汽车制造商一直想找到一种不需要耳机就能让所有人听到自己声音的方法，而科学家们可能终于实现了这一目标。）”可知，本文主要介绍科学家们运用新的技术让每个人都听到自己喜欢听的音乐，接下来第二段到第四段分别对怎么用新技术，碰到了哪些挑战以及怎么战胜挑战进行了描述，最后指出这项技术的局限性。因此推断本文的目的是介绍一项新科技。故选D项。阅读理解
Sicilian Rouge High GABA is a special type of tomato designed to contain high levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (氨基丁酸), an amino acid believed to aid relaxation and help lower blood pressure.
Tokyo-based startup Sanatech Seed Company teamed up with scientists at the University of Tsukuba to develop a new variety of tomatoes using CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology. Named Sicilian Rouge High GABA, this new type of tomato contains five to six times the normal level of a type of amino acid called gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA．According to Japanese media, the company removed an inhibitory domain (抑制域)within the tomato’s genome to enable it to produce these high levels of GABA．
According to Shimpei Takeshita, President of Sanatech Seed and Chief Innovation Officer of Pioneer EcoScience, the exclusive distributor of the tomato, the company was given permission to commercialize the genetically changed Sicilian Rouge High GABA variety last December, and contract farmers who have been growing them ever since. Now, the tomatoes are ready to hit store shelves.
“At first, we got mixed reactions to genome- edited foods, and we thought it would be difficult to bring them to market as they’re not fully understood by consumers,” Tatsuo Takeshita, chair of Sanatech Seed told NHK. “But the tomatoes earned a good name from those who took part in the trials.”
A Japanese health ministry committee gave Sanatech Seed permission to commercialize the new tomato variety. They provided notification and the startup plans to ship each package of tomatoes with a sticker that says “improved using genome-editing technology”.
Unlike genetically modified foods, genome-edited plant varieties are considered just as safe as varieties improved using traditional methods because no outside gene is introduced during the process.
Sanatech Seed has already started accepting online orders for Sicilian Rouge High GABA tomatoes. A 3-kilogram box of tomatoes will reportedly cost 7,500 yen. That’s a lot of money for tomatoes.
1．What do we know about Sicilian Rouge High GABA
A．It is beneficial to our health. B．It can promote tomatoes’ output.
C．It contains high level of nutrition. D．It can make people energetic.
2．Who permitted the new tomatoes into the market
A．President of the Sanatech Seed Company, B．The University of Tsukuba, Tokyo.
C．A Japanese health ministry committee. D．Chair of Tatsuo Takeshita Company.
3．How is the genome-edited plant regarded
A．Harmful. B．Easy. C．Traditional. D．Secure.
4．What is the writer’s attitude to Sicilian Rouge High GABA
A．Curious. B．Subjective. C．Dissatisfied. D．Objective.
Molecular gastronomy is nothing new. The art of breaking down a dish into its individual parts has been around for many years. You see it most commonly on cooking shows as the “deconstructed forms of popular meals. For example, a deconstructed Lasagna might consist of tomato soup, cheese curds, and tiny pieces of pasta — they’re all the parts that make up a lasagna, separated and presented on their own. As a cooking method, molecular gastronomy’s meant to take familiar tastes and present them in a new and adventurous way using special equipment and techniques. It’s expensive and time-consuming, but does present a unique dining experience that is impossible to recreate at home. Some ingredients are prepared through freeze-drying or dehydration — it’s very different from baking a loaf of bread or a cake.
French chemist Herve This believes instead of using traditional ingredients to add flavors, we’ll use their chemical compounds to recreate those flavors in other foods. “In 2050,” he said, “there will be many more people on Earth. This means getting enough protein will become a problem and the solution will probably be plant or insect proteins. We need expertise to cook these new ingredients. We are slowly introducing them so the public can use them. This is note by note cooking.”
His argument causes concern: most people, used to proteins from meat or plants, are going to feel uneasy about the new sources. He also shows that the “clean label” movement is harmful to our diets. The idea behind it is a move towards shorter ingredient lists with familiar ingredients. While there are chemical compounds in food that can do us harm, it has led to the public fearing unfamiliar terms on the back of the package. “Take citric acid for example. It is in lemon, so what’s the problem ” he asks.
Whether you agree or disagree, it will take molecular gastronomy some time to truly take over the entire world. Cooking, no matter the method, is a form of chemistry. It makes sense to advance it alongside the other sciences. So, while pizza won’t be delivered flash-frozen or dehydrated any time soon, it may one day in the not-too-distant future.
5．Why is the deconstructed lasagna mentioned in paragraph 1
A．To encourage people to cook at home.
B．To make molecular gastronomy easy to understand.
C．To show how people can have a pleasant dining experience.
D．To explain how molecular gastronomy is applied in practice.
6．What has caused a need for note by note cooking according to Herve This
A．The serious lack of expert cooks.
B．The growing population of the world.
C．The public’s easy acceptance of plant proteins.
D．The public’s reduced interest in traditional ingredients.
7．What can we know about the “clean label” movement
A．It is environment-friendly. B．It leads to people going on a diet.
C．It can mislead people sometimes. D．It has caused people lots of trouble.
8．What is the author’s attitude towards molecular gastronomy
A．Carefree. B．Doubtful. C．Worried. D．Positive.
Beer seldom lasts long, and sometimes there is can or bottle leftover after a party. When this occurs, the leftover can be used in a variety of ways, many of which most people would never think of.
Beer is a surprisingly good wood furniture polish. Let a can of beer go completely stale（不新 鲜）and pour a little onto a soft cloth. Polish your furniture with the cloth and follow up with a dry cloth. You will be amazed at how shiny your furniture will end up looking.
The slug（蛞蝓虫）is a terrible pest in the garden， particularly if you are growing plants for eating. Instead of using chemicals on your vegetables, bury a small cup in the garden and pour fresh beer in it. The slugs will be attracted to the smell, get drunk and drown. Be sure to refresh the beer daily, and you would have a cup full of slugs and healthy-looking cabbages.
Bees are also attracted by the smell of beer, so try putting a few open beer cans around the yard at your BBQ and you can enjoy BBQ in a nature-like garden. Obviously you should put the cans away from where people will be sitting or standing, and make sure that no one decides to drink from one of the cans when they are drunk-it will result in a very unpleasant situation.
Beer is also an excellent skin conditioner. If you want to have a long bath, pour a good can of dark beer into the water in advance. This is a nice substitute to salt which softens water. Also if you have a stomach upset, slowly drinking a can of beer can help to settle it down. The alcohol in the beer can help to ease the pain.
9．From the first paragraph we know that .
A．beer can have a long quality guarantee period B．people often make leftover when drinking beer
C．most people ignore the use of the beer leftover D．beer cans or bottles can be recycled in many ways
10．Taking the example of the two insects, the author tries to tell us .
A．some insects prefer the smell of fresh beer
B．the beer in open cans can be more attractive to insects
C．slugs and bees can be harmful to picnickers
D．pouring some beer on plants can drive insects away
11．The author believes that dark beer can .
A．help soften water B．be used to replace salt
C．prevent stomachache happening D．ease the pain after drinking alcohol
12．What does the passage mainly tell us
A．Polish your furniture with beer. B．Improve your garden with beer.
C．Try to drink beer in a healthy way. D．Learn to make the most of beer.
Tea is an important part of Chinese tradition. Tea has very close relationship to Chinese culture.
It is said that Chinese tea was discovered by King Shen Nong. People say that he lived 5,000 years ago. One summer day, while he was visiting a faraway part of his country, he felt very thirsty. The servants began to make water hot enough to turn into gas for him to drink. Dried leaves from a near plant fell into the water. The king drank some, and found it could make him feel less tried. Also as a scientist, Shen Nong was interested in the new drink. And so, tea was created in 2737 BC．
Drinking tea has many advantages. It makes people feel less tired, clears heat inside the human body and helps people lose weight. As you add a cup of tea to your daily life, please check the following helpful advice.
Drink it hot. Tea oxidizes(氧化) quickly, so it is suggested that you drink it hot.
Do not drink too much strong tea. It will probably be harmful to your stomach and make you feel sick if you make the tea too strong.The best time to drink tea is between meals. It may not make you have a strong wish to eat when your stomach is full.
Do not drink with medicine. It many change the medical result. You can drink tea two hours after you take medicine.
Green tea is the best choice for office workers. Why Because green tea helps stop the bad result of the computer.
13．Paragraph 2 is mainly about __________.
A．when King Shen Nong lived
B．where Chinese tea was created
C．How Chinese tea was discovered
D．why King Shen Nong drank tea
14．Drinking tea has lots of advantages EXCEPT __________.
A．help you lose weight B．letting you feel less tired
C．having a strong wish for food D．clearing heat inside your body
15．Mr. Smith is a computer teacher. He’d better drink __________.
A．Green tea B．black tea C．strong tea D．coffee with milk
16．What can we infer(推断) from the passage
A．Don’t drink too much strong tea.
B．Not all office workers drink green tea
C．Tea is connected with Chinese culture closely.
D．King Shen Nong loved creating new things
17．The passage is mainly written to ______.
A．let us know tea was discovered
B．give some advice drinking tea
C．tell people the history of tea
D．advise people to drink green tea
There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our families often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress.
On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of cultural identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride in their culture and means of coping with homesickness.
Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavour can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes in the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavours that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes.
We should not only embrace our heritage (传统) through our culture’s food, but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window on culture, and it should be treated as such.
18．What’s the function of food mentioned in the text
A．To help motivate homesickness.
B．To show cultural identity.
C．To reflect a country’s history.
D．To show a community’s superiority.
19．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．The specific traditional food.
B．The national culture.
C．A traditional expression of food.
D．The old-fashioned taste.
20．Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurants
A．To attach cultural importance to their dishes.
B．To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil.
C．To make the dishes popular among customers.
D．To present their own food culture in a new way.
21．What’s the author’s attitude towards different food cultures
A．Negative.
B．Balanced.
C．Unfair.
D．Unchangeable.
People in different places have very different ideas about what to eat. In our country, for example, people from the south like to eat rice while people in the north love dumplings or noodles. In Hunan or Sichuan, hot food is people’s favorite; however, people in Shanghai or Suzhou eat sweet dish almost every day.
But even if people live in the same part of the country, their tastes (口味) are not always the same. Old people and young ones have different tastes; men and women also have their different preferences (喜好). In a restaurant, some customs order thick and heavy soup, while others drink thin and clear one. A few people only eat vegetables. They do not eat fish or chicken at all!
So it is not easy for restaurants to meet the needs of all customers (顾客). To make more money, the restaurants in cities try their best to cook different kinds of foods.
22．What do people from the south like to eat
A．Noodles. B．Dumplings. C．Rice. D．Bread.
23．What kind of food do you think He Jiong in the TV program The Happy Camp perhaps likes to eat
A．Hot food. B．Sweet food. C．Salty food. D．Cold food.
24．Do people in the same part always have the same tastes
A．No, they don’t. B．Yes, they do.
C．Sorry, I don’t know. D．Yes, of course.
25．Why do restaurants try their best to cook different kinds of foods
A．To make more money. B．To meet more people.
C．To be good at cooking. D．To get enough customers.
Tempeh, a traditional soy product from Indonesia, is hailed as the country’s “gift to the world,” like kimchi from Korea or miso from Japan.
A stable, cheap source of protein in Indonesia for centuries, tempeh is a fermented (发酵的) food originating from the island of Java. It was discovered during tofu production when discarded soybean residue caught microbial spores from the air and grew certain whitish fungi around it. When this fermented residue (残渣) was found to be edible and tasty, people began producing it at home for daily consumption across the country. This has given rise to many variations in its flavor and texture throughout different Indonesian regions.
Tempeh is high in protein and low in fat, and contains a host of vitamins. In fact, it is the only reported plant-based source of vitamin B12. Apart from being able to help reduce cholesterol (胆固醇), increase bone density, and promote muscle recovery, tempeh has a lot of polyphenols that protect skin cells and slow down the aging process. Best of all, with the same protein quality as meat and the ability to take on many flavors and textures, tempeh is a great meat substitute —something the vegetarian and vegan communities have been quick in adopting.
In addition to its highly nutritional makeup, tempeh has diverse preparation possibilities. It can be served as a main course (usually in curries) or a side dish to be eaten with rice, as a deep-fried snack, or even blended into smoothies and healthy juices. Though not yet a popular food among international diners, you may find tempeh-substituted BLTs (bacon, lettuce, tomato sandwiches) in San Francisco as easily as you can find vegetarian burgers with tempeh patties in Bali.
For the people of Indonesia, tempeh is not just food but also has cultural value. With the Indonesian traditional fabric batik (蜡染) being recognized by UNESCO as “Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity,” tempeh has great potential for this honor as well.
26．According to the passage, which of the following is true about tempeh
A．It is mainly served as a side dish. B．It is formed from fermented soybeans.
C．It is discarded when fungi grow around it. D．It has the same nutritional benefits as kimchi.
27．What aspects of tempeh are discussed in paragraphs 2 to 4
A．Origin→nutrition→cuisine. B．Origin→cuisine→marketing.
C．Cuisine→nutrition→marketing. D．Distribution→cuisine→nutrition.
28．Which of the following can be inferred from this passage
A．Senior citizens will eat tempeh as vitamin supplement.
B．Tempeh will soon be more popular than kimchi or miso.
C．The nutrition of tempeh will be reduced with mass production.
D．Tempeh is likely to be recognized as an international cultural symbol.
29．Which of the followings can be a suitable title of this passage
A．Do You Know How Tempeh Is Made
B．Tempeh: A Traditional Delicacy From Java.
C．Will Tempeh Be Popular Among Vegetarians
D．Tempeh: The Cultural Heritage Of Indonesia.
New research from Edith Cowan University (ECU) has found being confident in the kitchen is not only good for your taste buds, it’s also good for your mental health.
In total, 657 participants undertook the seven-week healthy cooking course. Researchers found those who participated in the program saw significant improvements in general health, mental health and subjective vitality immediately after the program which remained six months after completing the course, when compared to the study’s control group.
“Improving people’s diet quality can be a preventive strategy to stop or slow the rise in poor mental health, obesity and other health disorders,” Dr Joanna Rees said. “Future health programs should continue to prioritise the barriers to healthy eating such as poor food environments and time restrictions, while placing greater emphasis on the value of healthy eating via quick and easy home-cooked meals, rich in fruit and vegetables and avoiding processed convenience foods.”
The Institute has previously found a link between eating more fruits and vegetables, and improved longer term mental health in a larger study collecting more complex dietary data, implying the participants in the current study may have felt better due to improved diet. However, the study showed participants’ mental health improved despite their reported diet not being found to have changed after completing the program.
At the start of the program, 77 per cent of participants who’ identified as female claimed to be confident about cooking, compared to just 23 per cent of those who identified as male. But at the end of the program, cooking confidence and cooking skills were equal across both groups.
This change in confidence could see change to the household food environment by reducing the gender prejudice and leading to a gender balance in home cooking. This in turn may help to overcome some of the barriers presented by not knowing how to cook, such as easing the time limits which can lead to ready-made meals which are high in energy but low in nutritional value.
30．What can we learn from what Dr Joanna Rees said
A．Processed convenience foods benefit people.
B．Time restrictions lead to healthy eating.
C．He thinks it urgent to improve people’s diet quality.
D．Home-cooked meals are better choices.
31．What is the benefit of eating more fruit and vegetables
A．Better mental health. B．Improved memories.
C．Losing weight. D．Increasing creativity.
32．How did researchers know cooking can increase confidence
A．By answering questions. B．By making contrasts.
C．By giving examples. D．By analyzing causes.
33．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Is the Kitchen Revolution Important
B．Learning Cooking Course Turns Popular
C．Healthy Home Cooking Equals a Healthy Mind
D．Being Confident in the Kitchen Benefits Confidence
A car needs gas to run and your body also needs food to work for you. Eating the right kind of food is very important. It can help your body grow strong, so take care of what you eat.
There are four main food groups altogether. The dairy group has food like milk, cheese and sour milk. The other three groups are the meat and fish group, the fruit and vegetable group, and the bread and rice group. Each meal should have at least one food from all four main groups, with all these food together, you will be given enough energy during the day.
It is easy to get into bad eating habits. You may eat your breakfast in a hurry to get to school on time. Or you may not have time for a good lunch. It may seem easy to finish your supper with fish and chips all the time, But you will find yourself tired in these days and you can not think quickly.
Watching what you eat will help keep your body healthy and strong. It is also good to take some exercise. It will help you eat more if you take a walk or play games in the open air. Having a good eating habit with some exercise is the key to your health.
34．Which of the following diets do you think is the best one
A．Eggs, tomatoes and chicken. B．Milk, bread, cabbages and beef.
C．Corn, fish, cream and pork. D．Rice, bean curd, apples, fish and chicken.
35．Which of the following is a good eating habit
A．Going to school without any breakfast.
B．Eating fish and chips for supper all the time.
C．Having at least one food from all four groups each meal.
D．Finishing your lunch in a very short time.
36．The underlined word “dairy” in the second paragraph means __________.
A．the food made out of cows such as milk and butter
B．the shop that sells milk and butter
C．a farm where cows are kept
D．a place where milk products are made
The best thing to start your day is a good breakfast. In fact, many people believe that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. In China, porridge (粥), noodles and milk are common breakfast foods. What are breakfasts in other countries like Let’s take a look!
The US
In the US, a good Sunday morning starts with eggs, bacon (培根) and pancakes. On busy weekdays, most people in the US like to have milk, bread and fruit for breakfast. Some people also drink coffee.
Canada
In Canada, people mainly eat toast, eggs and bacon for breakfast. However, Canadian bacon is quite unlike the bacon of the United States. It is served in thin round slices (薄片). Besides, coffee and fruit juice are their favorites.
Britain
The British breakfast is similar to the American breakfast. A basic British breakfast includes eggs, bacon and tomatoes. These foods are popular among young people in Britain. Usually, British people have coffee, tea or milk to drink. Some people also like to drink orange juice.
Japan
Most people in Japan these days—at least in big cities—eat a quick Western-style breakfast including eggs, toast, juice and coffee. Those who prefer more traditional foods are likely to have tea and soup with rice. Rice is necessary for a Japanese-style breakfast. Japanese people also add eggs to their rice.
37．In which country are pancakes popular for breakfast
A．China. B．Canada. C．Britain. D．America.
38．What is necessary for the Japanese-style breakfast
A．Rice. B．Bacon. C．Juice. D．Toast.
39．How many listed countries’ traditional breakfasts usually include coffee
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
参考答案
1．A
2．C
3．D
4．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章说明了总部位于东京的创业公司Sanatech Seed Company与筑波大学的科学家合作，利用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术开发了一种新的番茄品种。文章介绍了这种特殊类型的番茄的好处以及市场推广的情况。
1．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Sicilian Rouge High GABA is a special type of tomato designed to contain high levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (氨基丁酸), an amino acid believed to aid relaxation and help lower blood pressure.( Sicilian Rouge High GABA是一种特殊类型的番茄，含有高水平的伽马氨基丁酸（GABA），一种被认为有助于放松和降低血压的氨基酸)”可知，Sicilian Rouge High GABA对我们的健康有益。故选A。
2．
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“A Japanese health ministry committee gave Sanatech Seed permission to commercialize the new tomato variety. They provided notification and the startup plans to ship each package of tomatoes with a sticker that says “improved using genome-editing technology”.(日本厚生劳动省的一个健康委员会批准Sanatech种子公司将这种新的番茄品种商业化。他们提供了通知，这家初创公司计划在发运每包西红柿时贴上“使用基因组编辑技术改进”的标签)”可知，日本厚生省健康委员会允许新西红柿进入市场。故选C。
3．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Unlike genetically modified foods, genome-edited plant varieties are considered just as safe as varieties improved using traditional methods because no outside gene is introduced during the process.(与转基因食品不同，基因编辑的植物品种被认为与使用传统方法改良的品种一样安全，因为在这个过程中不会引入外部基因)”可推知，基因编辑过的植物是安全的。故选D。
4．
推理判断题。根据文章主要以列举第三方的客观事实和言论为主，没有涉及自己对Sicilian Rouge High GABA的态度，可推知，作者对Sicilian Rouge High GABA的态度是客观的。故选D。
5．B
6．B
7．C
8．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“分子烹饪”这种烹饪方式，通过举例解释了其概念以及流行原因。
5．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“For example, a deconstructed Lasagna might consist of tomato soup, cheese curds, and tiny pieces of pasta — they’re all the parts that make up a lasagna, separated and presented on their own. As a cooking method, molecular gastronomy’s meant to take familiar tastes and present them in a new and adventurous way using special equipment and techniques. It’s expensive and time-consuming, but does present a unique dining experience that is impossible to recreate at home. Some ingredients are prepared through freeze-drying or dehydration — it’s very different from baking a loaf of bread or a cake.(例如，分解的千层面可能包括西红柿汤、奶酪凝乳和小块的意大利面——它们都是构成千层面的各个部分，它们各自分开并呈现出来。作为一种烹饪方法，分子烹饪法意味着用特殊的设备和技术将熟悉的味道以一种新的、冒险的方式呈现出来。这是昂贵和耗时的，但确实呈现了一种独特的用餐体验，是不可能在家里重现的。有些食材是通过冷冻干燥或脱水来准备的，这与烤面包或蛋糕有很大的不同)”可推知，在第一段提到了分解的千层面是为了使分子烹饪易于理解。故选B。
6．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“there will be many more people on Earth. This means getting enough protein will become a problem and the solution will probably be plant or insect proteins.(地球上会有更多的人。这意味着获得足够的蛋白质将成为一个问题，解决办法可能是植物或昆虫的蛋白质)”可知，是世界人口的增长导致了对分子料理的需求。故选B。
7．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“He also shows that the “clean label” movement is harmful to our diets. The idea behind it is a move towards shorter ingredient lists with familiar ingredients. While there are chemical compounds in food that can do us harm, it has led to the public fearing unfamiliar terms on the back of the package.(他还指出，“干净标签”运动对我们的饮食有害。它背后的想法是朝着用熟悉的成分列出更短的成分清单的方向发展。虽然食品中含有对人体有害的化合物，但这已经导致公众对包装背面不熟悉的术语产生了恐惧)”可知，“干净标签”运动有时会误导人。故选C。
8．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whether you agree or disagree, it will take molecular gastronomy some time to truly take over the entire world. Cooking, no matter the method, is a form of chemistry. It makes sense to advance it alongside the other sciences. So, while pizza won’t be delivered flash-frozen or dehydrated any time soon, it may one day in the not-too-distant future.(不管你同意与否，分子烹饪要真正占领整个世界还需要一段时间。烹饪，无论用什么方法，都是一种化学。将它与其他科学一起推进是有意义的。所以，虽然速冻或脱水的披萨短期内不会推出，但在不久的将来可能会推出)”可推知，作者对分子烹饪的态度是积极的。故选D。
9．C
10．A
11．A
12．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了聚会后剩余的啤酒可以有多种用途，例如捕杀菜园中的蛞蝓虫和用来软化洗澡水。
9．
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Beer seldom lasts long, and sometimes there is can or bottle leftover after a party. When this occurs, the leftover can be used in a variety of ways, many of which most people would never think of.（啤酒很少能长时间地放置，有时聚会后会剩下罐装啤酒或瓶装啤酒。发生这种情况时，剩余的啤酒可以有多种用途，其中许多是大多数人永远不会想到的。）”可知，大多数人忽略了剩余啤酒的使用。故选C。
10．
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Instead of using chemicals on your vegetables, bury a small cup in the garden and pour fresh beer in it. The slugs will be attracted to the smell, get drunk and drown. Be sure to refresh the beer daily, and you would have a cup full of slugs and healthy-looking cabbages.（不要在蔬菜上使用化学物质，而是在花园里埋一个小杯子，然后倒入新鲜啤酒。蛞蝓虫会被气味吸引，喝醉然后淹死。一定要每天更换新鲜的啤酒，你的杯子会装满蛞蝓虫从而获得看起来健康的卷心菜。）”和第四段的“Bees are also attracted by the smell of beer, so try putting a few open beer cans around the yard.（蜜蜂也被啤酒的香味吸引，所以试着在你的院子里放几个打开的啤酒罐。）”可知，作者以这两种昆虫为例试图告诉我们有些昆虫更喜欢新鲜啤酒的味道。故选A。
11．
细节理解题。根据第五段的“ Beer is also an excellent skin conditioner. If you want to have a long bath, pour a good can of dark beer into the water in advance. This is a nice substitute to salt which softens water.（啤酒也是一种极好的皮肤调理剂。如果你想泡个长时间的澡，提前把一罐优质的黑啤酒倒进水里。这是盐的很好替代品，能够软化水。）”可知，黑啤可以帮助软化水。故选A。
12．
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“the leftover can be used in a variety of ways（剩余的啤酒可以有多种用途。）”及第2题和第3题的分析可知，剩余啤酒可以用来捕杀菜园中的蛞蝓虫和用来软化洗澡水，故文章主要告诉我们要学会充分利用啤酒。故选D。
13．C
14．C
15．A
16．D
17．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国茶的起源和文化并就喝茶给出了一些建议。
13．
主旨大意题。根据第二段“It is said that Chinese tea was discovered by King Shen Nong. People say that he lived 5,000 years ago. One summer day, while he was visiting a faraway part of his country, he felt very thirsty. The servants began to make water hot enough to turn into gas for him to drink. Dried leaves from a near plant fell into the water. The king drank some, and found it could make him feel less tried. Also as a scientist, Shen Nong was interested in the new drink. And so, tea was created in 2737 BC.(据说中国茶是神农王发现的。人们说他生活在5000年前。一个夏天，当他在他的国家的一个遥远的地方访问时，他感到非常口渴。仆人们开始把水加热到可以变成气体给他喝。附近植物的干叶子掉进了水里。国王喝了一些，发现这可以让他感觉不那么疲惫。作为一名科学家，神农对这种新饮料很感兴趣。公元前2737年，茶诞生了。)”可知，本段主要介绍中国茶是怎么被发现的。故选C项。
14．
细节理解题。由文章第三段“Drinking tea has many advantages. It makes people feel less tired, clears heat inside the human body and helps people lose weight. (喝茶有很多好处。它使人感觉不那么疲劳，清除人体内的热量，帮助人们减肥。)”再结合选项可知，A、B、D选项文章都提到并表达正确，而C项having a strong wish for food(对食物有强烈的欲望)文章未提及，所以错误。故选C项。
15．
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Green tea is the best choice for office workers. Why Because green tea helps stop the bad result of the computer.(绿茶是上班族的最佳选择。为什么？因为绿茶有助于阻止电脑的坏结果。)”可知，绿茶对办公室用电脑的人有好处。故选A项。
16．
推理判断题。由文章第二段“The king drank some, and found it could make him feel less tried. Also as a scientist, Shen Nong was interested in the new drink. And so, tea was created in 2737 BC.(国王喝了一些，发现这会让他感觉不那么累。作为一名科学家，神农对这种新型饮料很感兴趣。因此，茶是在公元前2737年发明的。)”可知，神农是一名科学家，所以他对发明新东西很感兴趣。故选D项。
17．
推理判断题。由文章第三段“Drinking tea has many advantages. It makes people feel less tired, clears heat inside the human body and helps people lose weight. As you add a cup of tea to your daily life, please check the following helpful advice.(喝茶有很多好处。它使人感觉不那么疲劳，清除人体内的热量，帮助人们减肥。当你在日常生活中加入一杯茶时，请查看以下有用的建议。)”以及结合上下文可知，本篇文章主要就喝茶给人们一些建议。故选B项。
18．B
19．A
20．C
21．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了传统食物是文化的重要组成部分，每一道菜都是了解文化的一扇窗户。
18．
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It also operates as an expression of cultural identity.”（它也是一种文化身份的表达。）可知，食物可以展示文化身份。故选B项。
19．
词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of cultural identity.”（在很大程度上，传统食物是文化的重要组成部分。它也是一种文化身份的表达。）可知在讲述传统食物；本句“Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride in their culture and means of coping with homesickness.”（移民走到哪里都会带着it，它是他们文化自豪的象征，也是应对乡愁的手段。）分析可知本句也是在讲述传统食物，说它是文化自豪的象征，是应对乡愁的手段，与前面说的它是文化的组成部分，是文化身份的表达这种说法相呼应，故划线单词it代指的就是前面提到的“传统食物”。故选A项。
20．
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes in the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers.”（此外，移民不仅向与他们来自同一国家的人出售菜肴，而且向来自不同国家的人出售菜肴。因此，他们不得不在原有菜品上做些小改动，以迎合更广泛的顾客。）可知，移民们改进他们餐馆里原有的菜肴是为了迎合更多来自不同国家的顾客。故选C项。
21．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“We should not only embrace our heritage (传统) through our culture’s food, but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window on culture, and it should be treated as such.”（我们不仅应该通过我们的文化食物来接受我们的传统，还应该通过尝试他们的食物来更多地了解其他文化。 重要的是要记住每道菜在它所属的文化中都有一个特殊的位置，并且对那些准备它的人来说是特别的。食物是文化的窗口，应该这样对待。）可知，作者认为我们应该通过传统食物来欣然接受我们的文化传统，并且要通过品尝其他的食物来了解其他文化。所以作者对于食物文化的态度是客观公正的，并没有带有个人感彩去偏向哪一方的文化。故选B项。
22．C
23．A
24．A
25．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。介绍了不同地方、不同性别、不同年龄的人们喜欢不同的食物，有不同的偏好。
22．
细节理解题。根据第一段的“people from the south like to eat rice(来自南方的人喜欢吃米饭)”可知，南方人喜欢吃米饭，故选C。
23．
推理判断题。根据第一段的“ In Hunan or Sichuan, hot food is people’s favorite(在湖南或四川，辣的食物是人们的最爱)”可知，湖南人喜欢吃辣的食物，主持《快乐大本营》的何炅是湖南人，应该是喜欢吃辣食，故选A。
24．
细节理解题。根据第二段“even if people live in the same part of the country, their tastes(口味) are not always the same.( 即使人们生活在这个国家的同一地区，他们的口味也并不总是一样的)”可知，即使生活在同一地区的人们，口味也不总是一样的，故选A。
25．
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“To make more money, the restaurants in cities try their best to cook different kinds of foods.( 为了多赚钱，城市里的餐馆会尽力做不同种类的食物)”可知，为了多赚钱，餐馆尽最大努力烹饪不同种类的食物。故选A。
26．B
27．A
28．D
29．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印度尼西亚的传统美食天贝。
26．细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二、三句话“A stable, cheap source of protein in Indonesia for centuries, tempeh is a fermented(发酵的) food originating from the island of Java. It was discovered during tofu production when discarded soybean residue caught microbial spores from the air and grew certain whitish fungi around it. When this fermented residue(残渣) was found to be edible and tasty, people began producing it at home for daily consumption across the country. (天贝是印尼几个世纪以来稳定、廉价的蛋白质来源，是一种源自爪哇岛的发酵食品。这是在豆腐生产过程中发现的，当时丢弃的豆渣从空气中捕捉到微生物孢子，并在其周围生长出某些白色真菌。当这种发酵残渣被发现可以食用且美味时，人们开始在家生产它，供全国各地的日常消费)”可知，天贝这种食物是由发酵的大豆制成的。故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句话“It was discovered during tofu production when discarded soybean residue caught microbial spores from the air and grew certain whitish fungi around it. When this fermented residue(残渣) was found to be edible and tasty, people began producing it at home for daily consumption across the country. (这是在豆腐生产过程中发现的，当时丢弃的豆渣从空气中捕捉到微生物孢子，并在其周围生长出某些白色真菌。当这种发酵残渣被发现可以食用且美味时，人们开始在家生产它，供全国各地的日常消费)”，第三段第一句话“Tempeh is high in protein and low in fat, and contains a host of vitamins.(天贝蛋白质含量高，脂肪含量低，并含有大量维生素)”以及第四段第一句话“In addition to its highly nutritional makeup, tempeh has diverse preparation possibilities. (除了高营养的化妆品外，天贝还有多种制作可能性)”可知，第二段到第四段分别介绍了天贝的来源，她的营养成分以及它可以制作成很多的美食。故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据全文尤其是最后一段“For the people of Indonesia, tempeh is not just food but also has cultural value. With the Indonesian traditional fabric batik(蜡染) being recognized by UNESCO as “Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity,” tempeh has great potential for this honor as well.(对印尼人民来说，天贝不仅是食物，而且具有文化价值。随着印尼传统织物蜡染被联合国教科文组织认定为“人类非物质文化遗产”，天贝也有很大的潜力获得这一荣誉)”可知，天贝也有很大的潜力获得“人类非物质文化遗产” 这一荣誉。由此可推知，天贝很可能被视为一个国际文化符号。故选D。
29．标题判断题。文章主要介绍了印度尼西亚的传统美食天贝，它的来源，营养成分，以及它可以被制作成很多的美食，天贝也有很大的潜力获得“人类非物质文化遗产” 这一荣誉。所以“天贝：爪哇传统美食”适合作本文的标题。故选B。
30．D
31．A
32．B
33．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，在厨房里保持自信不仅对味蕾有益，还对心理健康有益。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。
30．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Future health programs should continue to prioritise the barriers to healthy eating such as poor food environments and time restrictions, while placing greater emphasis on the value of healthy eating via quick and easy home-cooked meals, rich in fruit and vegetables and avoiding processed convenience foods.(未来的健康计划应该继续优先考虑妨碍健康饮食的障碍，如恶劣的食物环境和时间限制，同时更加强调通过快速和简单的家庭烹饪的健康饮食的价值，富含水果和蔬菜，并避免加工方便的食品)”可知，Joanna Rees认为家常菜是更好的选择。故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The Institute has previously found a link between eating more fruits and vegetables, and improved longer term mental health in a larger study collecting more complex dietary data, implying the participants in the current study may have felt better due to improved diet.(该研究所此前在一项收集了更复杂饮食数据的大型研究中发现，吃更多水果和蔬菜与改善长期心理健康之间存在联系，这意味着目前这项研究的参与者可能会因为改善饮食而感觉更好)”可知，多吃水果和蔬菜可以改善心理健康。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据第五段“At the start of the program, 77 per cent of participants who’ identified as female claimed to be confident about cooking, compared to just 23 per cent of those who identified as male. But at the end of the program, cooking confidence and cooking skills were equal across both groups.(在项目开始时，77%的女性参与者声称自己对烹饪很有信心，相比之下，只有23%的男性参与者表示自己对烹饪很有信心。但在项目结束时，两组人的烹饪信心和烹饪技巧是相等的)”可推知，通过对比，研究人员知道烹饪可以增加信心。故选B。
33．主旨大意题。根据第一段“New research from Edith Cowan University (ECU) has found being confident in the kitchen is not only good for your taste buds, it’s also good for your mental health.(伊迪丝科文大学的一项新研究发现，在厨房里保持自信不仅对你的味蕾有好处，对你的心理健康也有好处)”结合文章还介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。故C选项“健康的家庭烹饪等于健康的心态”最符合文章标题。故选C。
34．B
35．C
36．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了养成良好习惯的重要性以及怎样才是好的饮食习惯。
34．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The dairy group has food like milk, cheese and sour milk. The other three groups are the meat and fish group, the fruit and vegetable group, and the bread and rice group. Each meal should have at least one food from all four main groups, with all these food together, you will be given enough energy during the day.(这个乳制品组有牛奶、奶酪和酸牛奶等食品。其他三组是肉类和鱼类组，水果和蔬菜组，和面包和米饭组。每顿饭至少要有来自所有四个主要组合的一种食物，所有这些食物加在一起，你会在一天中得到足够的能量)”可知，每顿饭要有四种组合中的一种食物，这些食物加起来就是最好的饮食，即B项“Milk, bread, cabbages and beef.(牛奶，面包，卷心菜和牛肉)”这四种食物来自这四种组合，所以是最好的饮食，故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Each meal should have at least one food from all four main groups, with all these food together, you will be given enough energy during the day.(每顿饭至少要有来自所有四个主要组合的一种食物，所有这些食物加在一起，你会在一天中得到足够的能量)”可知，每顿饭至少吃四组食物中的一种，这样才是好的饮食习惯。故选C。
36．词句猜测题。根据上文“There are four main food groups altogether. (总共有四种主要的食物组合)”和划线单词所在句子“The dairy group has food like milk, cheese and sour milk.(这个dairy组有牛奶、奶酪和酸牛奶等食品)”可知，主要有四种食物组合，其中牛奶，奶酪，酸奶等食品，属于奶制品。由此可知，划线单词“dairy”与A项“the food made out of cows such as milk and butter(由奶牛产的食物，例如牛奶和黄油)”意思一样。故选A。
37．D
38．A
39．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了除中国以外其他一些国家受欢迎的早餐。
37．
细节理解题。根据第二段“In the US, a good Sunday morning starts with eggs, bacon and pancakes.(在美国，一个好的星期天早上从鸡蛋、培根和煎饼开始)”可知，早餐吃煎饼在美国是受欢迎的。故选D项。
38．
细节理解题。根据第五段“Rice is necessary for a Japanese-style breakfast.(米饭是日式早餐的必需品)”可知，米饭对日式早餐而言是必要的。故选A项。
39．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Some people also drink coffee.(有些人也喝咖啡)”、第三段“Besides, coffee and fruit juice are their favorites.(此外，咖啡和果汁是他们的最爱)”以及第四段“Usually, British people have coffee, tea or milk to drink.(通常，英国人喝咖啡、茶或牛奶)”可知，美国、加拿大和英国这三个国家的传统早餐通常包括咖啡。故选B项。阅读理解
I was born in the city of York, in England, in 1632. My father was a man of some wealth, able to give the me a good home and send me to school. It was his wish that I should be a lawyer but my head began to be filled very early with thoughts of travel, and I would be satisfied with nothing but going to sea. One day, being at Hull, met one of my friends who was about to sail for London in his father’s ship, and he invited me to go with him. Without telling my father, I went on board.
On the way to London, our ship was destroyed by a storm, and we almost lost our lives. I went on foot to London, where I met with the master of a large ship which did business with countries on the coast of Africa. He offered me a chance to go with him, which I gladly accepted.
A great storm came up, and the ship was tossed (颠簸) about for many days, until we did not know where we were. Suddenly we hit a bank of sand, and the sea broke over the ship in such a way that we could not hope to have her hold many moments without breaking into pieces. So we used a boat instead. After we had been driven four or five miles,a mountainous wave (波浪) hit us so hard that it overturned the boat at once. I swam well but the waves were so strong that I was pushed against a rock with such force, and left unconscious. But I recovered a little before the waves returned, and, running forward, got to the mainland safely. I never regretted my decisions.
1．What the author want to do most when he was young
A．To visit Africa. B．To sail the seas.
C．To practice law. D．To move to London.
2．The underlined word “unconscious” in the last paragraph means“________”.
A．alone B．hungry
C．sleepy D．senseless
3．In the last paragraph, the author mainly shows
A．what he did on the ship B．what he went through at sea
C．how he became a man of wealth D．how he got to know a ship owner
4．What can we learn about the author
A．He could not swim at all. B．He made his father very proud.
C．He was not afraid of taking risks. D．He did business with African countries.
A girl is smiling at me from a picture on my desk. She is one of my sponsor (资助) children. I didn’t spend much money helping her. The joy from helping her gives me, however, is over the picture.
I can still remember the first time that I decided to help a child. It was many years ago, I was only a middle school student. I had a little extra (额外的) money each month. I didn’t feel like buying anything, though. A few years ago, we lost everything in a house fire. That fire bought me a lot. I cleared that I didn’t need a lot of things to be happy. From then on I began to care about the suffering of children in poor countries. With my mom’s help, I soon found a few groups and joined them. They were helping others around the world.
It felt so good being able to reach out and help others in need. It felt so good being able to make even one life better. I could feel the love growing in my head and beginning to change me. This feeling makes us into better people with bigger hearts. It helps us to love, to be kind, and to make this world a better place.
5．The writer began to sponsor a child ________.
A．when he studied in the middle school B．before his house had a fire
C．when he felt like buying something D．before he had a little extra money
6．What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “suffering”
A．苦难 B．经验 C．情绪 D．要求
7．What’s the third paragraph mainly about
A．Why the writer helped poor children. B．How the writer found a few groups.
C．When the writer began to care about others. D．How the writer felt after helping others in need.
8．Which of the following is true
A．The writer needed a lot of money to be happy before.
B．The writer spent much money on his sponsor child.
C．The writer spent lots of money doing shopping every month.
D．After joining the groups, the writer changed a lot in his heart.
9．From the passage, we can learn that the writer is a ________ person.
A．rich B．lucky C．kind D．careless
On September 13th, I woke up in the best mood. It was a late start, so I got to sleep in. Not only did I get my full eight hours of sleep, but an additional two more hours as well. I got ready, danced in my room to my favorite music while I picked out my clothes, made my lunch, and was on my way to school. I arrived at 9: 50 a. m. Little did I know, in the next 20 minutes, my life would change forever. As I got out of my classroom, there he was, holding the gun.
Although everything happened so fast, in a matter of about 4 minutes, I remember it clearly. I remember every face I saw, and I remember every sound I heard. I remember the fear and the panic of the unknown. And lastly, I remember running. Running for my life. I ran down the stairs, out of the school’s front doors, and down the street to the primary school. I remember looking down at my feet. As I looked down I thought to myself, “ How am I running so fast ”
I finally made it to a safe classroom, and 20 other students and I settled in for lockdown. We stayed close to one another and cried. It felt as though the tears going down our faces would never stop. We passed our phones around to text our loved ones that we were safe and that there was a school shooter, shots were fired, and 4 students were injured thus far.
The lockdown lasted about 30 minutes, even though it felt like forever. Our headmaster made his way to our room and explained that the shooter had been caught and we were all going to make our way to the football field.
10．How did the writer feel before going to school
A．Relaxed. B．Worried. C．Scared. D．Puzzled.
11．What does the phrase “sleep in” probably mean in Paragraph l
A．sleep in bed B．sleep with clothes on
C．sleep with face covered D．sleep longer than usual
12．What did the students do when the shooting began
A．Calling the police for help. B．Running away in all directions.
C．Fighting back against the shooter. D．Texting their beloved ones about it.
13．Where did the writer find safety in the shooting
A．On a football field. B．In a neighboring school.
C．In a classroom of her school. D．Back at her own home.
14．What can we tell from the story
A．The headmaster didn’t care about his students.
B．There was more than one shooter in the killing.
C．Not all the 21 students took phones with them.
D．The shooter killed himself in the end.
I’ve gotten used to travelling alone over the past few years, and have found it’s something I quite enjoy most of the time. One thing I still find difficult though is eating alone in foreign restaurants, especially during main dining hours, such as a Saturday night. And yet, that’s the position I found myself in last night, wanting to enjoy a final Parisian meal of oysters（牡蛎）. I headed to a spot close to my house. But, to my dismay, when I arrived around 8:15 it as if the restaurant were already full. And worse, everyone was eating with someone else, and all of a sudden I got a kind of lonely and sad feeling. But I wanted my oysters, so I asked a waiter, “Would it be possible to find a seat for me ”
He said, “It is quite full, but for you I will find a place!” I waited and he quickly returned and asked me to follow him. He pulled out a table next to another couple. This couple was using one of the chairs of my table to store their things, and as the waiter pulled out my chair, the gentleman began to remove his belongings. I told him it wasn’t necessary.
“You are alone ” He asked me. “Yes,” I said. And then the waiter came up.
“No! You are not alone! Now you are here, dining with us!” he said, smiling, and with a gesture of his hand indicating the restaurant.
It was perhaps one of the nicest things anyone has ever said to me. I settled into my seat and watched the families and couples enjoying their dinner while I slurped the last briny oysters of my visit. And the feeling of being alone was forgotten.
15．The underlined word “dismay” in the first paragraph most probably means “______”.
A．concern B．surprise C．satisfaction D．disappointment
16．Why did the gentleman remove his belongings
A．Because he wanted to use the chair.
B．Because he wanted to use these things.
C．Because he thought that the author needed the chair.
D．Because he wanted to invite the author to join them.
17．According to the passage, we can infer that the gentleman is ______.
A．kind but silly B．gentle and thoughtful
C．noisy but polite D．funny and humorous
18．From the last paragraph we can learn that the author ______.
A．felt very comfortable and satisfied
B．forgot to enjoy the delicious oysters
C．still felt lonely when she was eating oysters
D．enjoyed sharing foods with others in the restaurant
Martha Graham, one of the most famous dancers and creators of dance, brought modern dance to a new level. Born in a small town near Pennsylvania in 1894, she did not know she would become a dancer. Once in 1910, Martha’s father took her to see a dance performance by Ruth Saint Denis, one of the first modern dancers in America. She decided then to become a dancer.
Martha’s parents did not approve of her desire to dance, as people saw American dance as a lower art form at that time. However, she chose to follow her dream, even though she was considered too old to begin dancing. In her early twenties, she began studying at a dance school in Los Angeles, California. Graham worked very hard to improve her ability to dance. She trained her body to become strong enough to meet the difficult demands of dance. After that, Martha Graham started teaching dance at a school in Rochester, New York. Later she taught at Carnegie Hall. There she began to create the steps of dances and created dances based on ancient Greek stories and famous women. In order to express herself freely, she started the Martha Graham Center of Contemporary Dance in 1926.
Martha Graham received many awards during her lifetime, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom when she was 82 years old. She was the first dancer to receive the country’s highest civilian honor. She died in 1991. However, the Martha Graham Dance Company still performs her dances in New York and around the world.
19．What made Martha Gramham determine to be a dancer
A．The popularity of modern dance. B．Her teacher’s encouragement.
C．Ruth Saint Denis’ performance. D．Her good physical conditions.
20．Why did Martha’s parents disapprove of her learning dance
A．They couldn’t afford it.
B．They thought she was too old.
C．They looked down upon American dance.
D．They found no good dance teachers.
21．What did Martha Graham do to show herself freely
A．She taught at Carnegie Hall.
B．She performed around the world.
C．She trained her body to become slimmer.
D．She founded her own dance center.
22．Which of the following word can describe Martha Graham
A．Devoted. B．Humorous. C．Honest. D．Considerate.
The phone rang. I waited for the answering machine to get it, but it was not picking up. I was angry because I knew the call was either going to be for my wife, Susan, who had left to take Alyce to school ten minutes earlier, or it was the latest of 300 attempts (企图) to sell me something I had absolutely no interest in. “Hello,” I said. “Daddy, it’s me, Alyce. Mommy was just in a car accident.” “Are you all right ” “Yes.” “Is Mommy ” A deep sob (哭泣).“I don’t know. . . I don’t think e quick”. I walked quickly a few blocks to what looked like a shoot for a disaster movie. Fire engines, police cars, and ambulances were parked in the street; helicopters circled. A city bus was on the wrong side of the road. In front of it were the remains of Susan’s destroyed car.
Susan was trapped under the dashboard (仪表盘). Alyce was standing on the comer, crying, covered in some glass but uninjured. Susan wasn’t so lucky. But she was alive. She spent almost three months in the hospital.
More than two years later, Susan and I were at an event and met with a woman, who told us she lived in the apartment building by where the accident had happened. That morning, she rushed to the street and saw Alyce standing there, crying. Alyce told her that she needed to call me, but her phone was missing. So the woman lent Alyce her phone.
We had our picture taken together, and as we were saying goodbye, we realized we had never been formally introduced, so she said to me, I’m sorry, but I never got your name. I told her it was Doug, and she paused, as if she hadn't heard me. I repeated, “Doug, like Douglas.”
She looked at us and said, “Wait, your name is Susan ” Susan nodded. “And your name is Doug ” The woman put her hand over her heart. “Oh my goodness,” she said. “My name is Susan Douglas.”
23．What can we know from the first paragraph
A．The daughter was seriously injured in the accident.
B．The husband was waiting for an important call at that moment.
C．The family had received many calls about promoting products.
D．The wife was picking up Alyce from school when the accident happened.
24．What did the author find when he arrived at the scene of the accident
A．His wife got stuck in the car.
B．His wife had been sent to hospital.
C．A disaster movie was being made.
D．A city bus had been ruined on the street.
25．What did Alyce beg the woman to do
A．Call her father. B．Lend her a phone.
C．Save her mother. D．Ask the police for help.
26．Why was the woman surprised at the names of the author and his wife
A．They sounded funny. B．They were similar to hers.
C．They were heard quite often. D．They were exactly the same as hers.
It was a hot summer day a few years ago. I had just walked into the local station. After pumping(抽取) the gas I started to walk inside to pay. That was when I noticed them. Two elderly women were standing back from their car. There was a mixture(混合) of shock and fear(恐惧) on their faces. I looked and saw what they saw. Five yellow jackets had started to build a nest around their gas cap. My eyes widened(放大).I shared the ladies fear.
Yellow jackets had never been my friends. Several times these wasps(黄蜂) had attacked(袭击) me while I was in a garden. They gave me stings(蜇) each time I ran over their nests. They are the reason I never do gardening anymore. The worst time, however, happened when I was a young boy.My friend and I were running and playing in my backyard(后院).I must step on one of their nests before I knew it. Both of us were chased(追赶) by the yellow jackets. I ran to my mom with tears in my eyes. She immediately put us in a cold bath(洗澡) to ease(缓解)the pain before giving us medicine(药).
Still, I knew I couldn’t let fear stop me now. I reached into my pocket(口袋) for a paper towel I had there, tore(扯)out the nest and stepped on it while the angry wasps buzzed(发出嗡嗡声) around me. Both of the ladies thanked me and I said."You' re welcome! " with a smile and a happy heart.
27．What does "yellow jackets" in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．Cars. B．Nests. C．Caps. D．Wasps.
28．What frightened the two elderly women
A．Five yellow jackets. B．A dangerous bear.
C．An unexpected fire. D．An out-of-control car.
29．Which of the following best describes the writer in Paragraph 3
A．Generous. B．Brave. C．Energetic. D．Fortunate.
30．What can we learn from the text
A．Don't let fear hold us back B．Accept the world around us
C．Life doesn't believe in tears D．Growth eases childhood pain
Kim Hyung-ho arrived in China from the Republic of Korea on Aug 24,1992, which happened to be the same day that the two countries officially established diplomatic relations. Kim, just 19 at the time, came to China to study traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), a medical system with thousands of years of history and which enjoys popularity in many countries.
Kim’s passion for TCM took root in his teenage years after he had a twisted ankle treated with acupuncture. “It’s incredible that a little needle can have such magical powers. That experience inspired me to learn authentic TCM in the place from which it originated,” recalls Kim.
In 2013, he was hired as a TCM specialist by the international clinic of Qingdao Municipal Hospital. “Doctor Kim is a professional, hardworking and nice,” says Sun Jie, director of the clinic. “He also helps bridge the communication gap between our staff and Korean patients.” For those who have difficulty moving around, Kim will go to the patient’s home to offer treatment.
Apart from his daily work, Kim has also volunteered to provide free medical consultations in the countryside. He found that many rural people have been suffering from long time diseases such as high blood pressure, but are not aware of their conditions, let alone attend regular checkups. As a result, Kim led fellow volunteers to collect lists of people from different villages. The lists were handed to local authorities to keep track of the patients’ treatment. Kim also provided guidance for village doctors, which helped improve the standard of treatment in the area.
Three decades have passed since Kim set foot in China, and he’s very grateful for what he has gained in the country. “Medicine does not have boundaries. As a TCM doctor, I will continue to communicate with doctors in Korea and other countries to help it spread and flourish even further, so that more people can understand its excellence,” says Kim.
31．When did Kim become interested in TCM
A．He learned the long history of TCM.
B．China and Korea had a close relationship.
C．He was treated with TCM when he was young.
D．Chinese medicine enjoyed great popularity in Korea.
32．What can we infer from the working experience of Kim
A．Korean patients are specially treated.
B．Some rural patients will be tracked by volunteers.
C．A blind patient may get a home treatment by Kim.
D．High blood pressure patients will be completely cured.
33．What does the underlined word “flourish” in the last paragraph mean
A．Crash. B．Develop. C．Remain. D．Increase.
34．What is the purpose of this text
A．To express patients’ demand. B．To recommend TCM treatment.
C．To explain a medical phenomenon. D．To introduce an international doctor.
As a dropout myself, I often feel it is my duty to defend my mon wisdom would have you believe we are the “bad kids’’, the future criminals, the worst sort of people. But not all dropouts are likely to deal drugs, steal goods from a shop, or shoot pool all day.
My own favourite place to go when skipping school was always the public library. My early retirement meant that at last I had time to read everything I wanted to. I found reading Thomas Pynchon’s Gravity’s Rainbow a lot more interesting than reading about Sir Isaac Newton and the falling apple.
The best of all was the time I finally had to myself. I felt liberated. I had been in school nearly my whole life. I wanted to find out for myself who I was, and until I did, everything else felt like a waste of time.
However, after three years, a series of strange thoughts began to make me anxious and unsure. Images of myself at the age of 35 began to haunt (困扰) me in my sleep. And a voice in my head began asking over and over, “Who is paying the hot water bills Who buys the microwave pizza ” The answer, of course, was my poor old parents. Sure, I was having an enjoyable time doing plenty of nothing, discovering myself and all, but that 9s unfair to them. What kind of parents long to see their child drop out of school, with no plans for the future Could they be expected to support me forever Certainly not. I immediately moved out of the house and out of town, in search of a future for myself.
And it is here, in my new home of San Francisco, that I have decided to do what was once unthinkable: go back to school. I plan to take adult education classes and then apply to City College. On the one hand, I can hardly believe I’m doing it: a return to desks, chalkboards, and clocks that tell you when to stop thinking about one thing and start thinking about another. But at City College, I’ll be able to take film production, semiotics, and sociology—just because I want to know about them.
So next time you see a dropout, be sympathetic. And please don’t push him to do something he doesn’t want to do. It never works. He’ll come round when he’s ready.
35．It is commonly believed that dropouts are ______.
A．bad kids from birth
B．interested in studying drugs
C．very likely to commit crimes
D．responsible for defending non-scholars
36．What did the author find most enjoyable after dropping out of school
A．Living in comfort with his parents.
B．Reading in the public library.
C．Escaping the pressure from school.
D．Having time for self-discovery.
37．Why did the author move to San Francisco
A．To fight for his own future.
B．To apply to City College.
C．To break away from his parents.
D．To live up to his parents9 expectations.
38．What does the author suggest people do to deal with dropouts
A．Push them to the limit.
B．Listen to them carefully.
C．Try to be understanding.
D．Encourage them to be friendly.
As I had grown up in Belgium, going to university in the UK made me feel lost and lonely. Although I was struggling, I felt unable to share how I was feeling with anyone and didn’t know where I could turn for support.
Things were getting harder and harder, and one day I was on my way back to university when I had a sudden thought that ending my life would be a way out. I was in my own world when a lady standing nearby came up for me and said: “Are you waiting for a train Are you OK ”
Although I didn’t say much back to her, the little conversation was all it took to interrupt my thoughts of ending life. I got the next train back to university. The small talk was a wake-up call and made me realize it’s OK to reach out for help. I spoke to my university and they provided me with a teacher to help. I also shared my feelings with my loved ones. By seeking some timely and useful help and being honest about what I was feeling, I created a strong support network that I could lean on when I needed to.
When I started working at Network Rail in 2012, I heard that Samaritans provided training for staff working in the rail industry on identifying and helping people who may be vulnerable. Instantly, I knew I had to sign up. I wanted to turn my experience into something useful and positive, and to equip myself to help others who might be feeling like I did back then. The training was fantastic and interestingly shone a light on the fact that everyone has the skills to save a life.
So, if you ever notice someone who you think might be struggling, try talking to them. You already have everything you need to save a life. Take it from me, starting a conversation can be all that it takes.
39．How did the author feel when studying in the UK
A．Unadaptable. B．Generous. C．Worthwhile. D．Appealing.
40．What can we infer about the author from the third paragraph
A．He benefited little from the conversation with a lady.
B．He learned to bravely go to others for assistance.
C．He helped the mentor to create a network.
D．He still dealt with problems on his own.
41．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” probably mean
A．Bad-tempered. B．Easy-going. C．Warm-hearted. D．Easily-broken.
42．What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A．It’s rewarding to help others in need.
B．Helping others needs no skills at all.
C．A small talk can make a big difference.
D．Where there is a will, there is a way.
When my father, who grew up on Tyneside, moved to the country in the 70s, he rapidly began accepting invitations to blood sports. He enjoyed the company, the sport and the hours spent out in the wild.
From about the age of eight, I was invited to accompany him on these weekend excursions, much like a child being taken to their first football matches. I was fed up with the early starts and standing around in freezing conditions, waiting for birds to be driven into the sky, to their deaths, over a line of booming guns. But I wanted to please my dad.
So years later-aged 27, I accepted an invitation to go deer hunting in Scotland with my father.
The hunting party assembled one Friday in September. The driver was also our ghillie, a tough figure whose job it was to identify elderly or weak deer that were selected for hunting and guide us to them through wind, fog and rain.
“Why are you doing this ” I kept asking myself. “What would have been wrong with a walk Or a guided wildlife tour ”
And then, suddenly, the ghillie almost pushed me to the ground. He pointed at a cloud of fog about a hundred yards ahead. I was baffled, until the cloud lifted like a curtain to reveal-directly in front of us one of the most magnificent living creatures I have ever seen.
“Now!” the ghillie hissed in my ear. “Now’s your chance. The deer! Remember. You want to kill it, not wound it.”
I adjusted my position, focused down the scope once more and placed my finger on the trigger (扳机). And, of course, I didn’t fire. Another curtain of mist came; when it lifted, seconds later, the stag had disappeared.
But I wasn’t disappointed. I was elated. I had come — via a telescopic sight — face to face with an old but most beautiful, iconic and noble beasts of Britain, roaming free in an empty and deserted land of his kingdom.
It was moment of truth and lasting inspiration. I could never have killed that deer-not in any context, for any reason But I would, a decade Inter, write a story about him Not just one book, but four, about little boy and the stag that persuades him to help save the world’s last remaining animals The encounter with that magnificent stag changed my life And guess what-those stories did please my dad.
43．What is the writer’s inner feeling of blood sports
A．They involve various risks. B．They will lose popularity.
C．They are simple but pleasing. D．They are unpleasant to deal with.
44．What does the underlined word “baffled” in paragraph 5 mean
A．Disappointed. B．Confused. C．Amazed. D．Reliable.
45．Why didn’t the writer take the shot
A．He was struck by the elderly deer.
B．His sight was blocked by the mist.
C．The guide found the old deer was injured.
D．The deer ran away before he positioned himself.
46．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．A miracle adventure B．An unforgettable moment
C．Wildlife tours: a way of protection D．Blood sports: an inspiration for stories
Fisayo Longe started her fashion label Kai Collective to celebrate all female forms—not just the western idea of beauty. “I feel my clothes transform you into a woman who is more confident,” says Longe.
Born in London and raised in Lagos, Nigeria, before returning to the UK when she was 15, Longe’s original outlet for her love of fashion was her blog Mirror Me. Having a passion for travel, Longe would pick up fabrics from the countries she visited and make clothes for herself, which she posted on social media. As her creations started to become a hit, the seed for her own brand was planted.
“I wanted something I could put 100% of my creativity into, something that belonged to me and women like me,” explains the business owner, who recalls going into a high street store and the jeans not fitting her body very well.
Longe says, “I’ve always wanted to build that kind of community of women because, having grown up in Nigeria, I feel some women are made to feel they have to dim (使暗淡)their light—we don’t realize our power. Things are all centred around men and marriage. I want to build a community that focuses on ourselves and our confidence.”
With no formal fashion training, Longe set up Kai Collective four years ago with money borrowed from her mum. Longe is the first to admit she was rather “naive” when she started, giving an example of heading to Turkey with her mother to find a company to produce her designs. “That’s not the way to find producers,” she says. “It’s much better to go to trade shows.”
But whatever she’s doing, it’s obviously working, with the brand featured in an Elle magazine cover shoot with the model Adwoa Aboah, as well as in Beyonce’s black-owned businesses list.
47．How did Longe express her love of fashion at first
A．By setting up her own brand. B．By making her clothes while travelling.
C．By visiting high street stores frequently. D．By putting her designs on social media.
48．What is Longe trying to do
A．To help women realize their dreams. B．To stress women’s role in a community.
C．To inspire women to live independently. D．To encourage women to find their own value.
49．What can we learn about Longe when she first started her business
A．She was afraid of failure. B．She got formal fashion training.
C．She lacked relevant experience. D．She hunted for producers at trade shows.
50．What does the last paragraph want to tell us about Longe
A．She is on the right track. B．She will never give up.
C．She has great ambitions. D．She is really hard-working.
参考答案
1．B
2．D
3．B
4．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己喜欢航海，先坐同学爸爸的船去伦敦，后坐一个生意人的船去非洲，两次旅行途中都遇到了暴风雨。
1．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It was his wish that I should be a lawyer but my head began to be filled very early with thoughts of travel, and I would be satisfied with nothing but going to sea.(他希望我成为一名律师，但我很早就开始满脑子都是旅行的念头，除了航海，我什么也不满意。)”可知，作者最想做的事是航海。故选B。
2．
词义猜测题。根据划线词前半句“I swam well but the waves were so strong that I was pushed against a rock with such force,(我游得很好，但海浪太大了，我被猛烈地推到一块岩石上，)”和后句“But I recovered a little before the waves returned, and, running forward, got to the mainland safely.(但在海浪回来之前，我恢复了一点，向前游去，安全到达了大陆。)”可知，作者被猛烈地推到一块岩石上，失去了知觉。所以unconscious为“失去知觉的；无意识的”的意思。故选D。
3．
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“A great storm came up, and the ship was tossed (颠簸) about for many days, until we did not know where we were. Suddenly we hit a bank of sand, and the sea broke over the ship in such a way that we could not hope to have her hold many moments without breaking into pieces. So we used a boat instead. After we had been driven four or five miles, a mountainous wave (波浪) hit us so hard that it overturned the boat at once. I swam well but the waves were so strong that I was pushed against a rock with such force, and left unconscious. But I recovered a little before the waves returned, and, running forward, got to the mainland safely. I never regretted my decisions. (暴风雨来了，船颠簸了许多天，直到我们不知道到达了哪里。突然，我们撞上了一滩沙子，船只被撞破，因此我们使用替代船。 在我们航行了四五英里后，一个连续不断的波浪猛烈地撞击着我们，立刻把船掀翻了。我游泳很好，但海浪太强了，我被推到一块岩石上，失去了知觉。 但在海浪再次袭来之前，我恢复了一点意识，向前游去，安全地到达了大陆。 我从不后悔我的决定。)”可知，本段主要展示了作者在海上经历的一切。故选B。
4．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But I recovered a little before the waves returned, and, running forward, got to the mainland safely. I never regretted my decisions.(但我在海浪再次袭来之前，我恢复了一点意识，向前游去，安全地到达了大陆。我从不后悔我的决定。)”可推断，作者不害怕冒险。故选C。
5．A
6．A
7．D
8．D
9．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的家曾经遭遇过一场火灾，而正是这场火灾让作者开始关注那些经历苦难的人，于是作者开始去帮助他人，这不仅给作者带来快乐，也让作者明白用爱和善良去让世界变得更美好。
5．
细节理解题。根据第二段的“I can still remember the first time that I decided to help a child. It was many years ago, I was only a middle school student.(我仍然记得我第一次决定帮助一个孩子。那是很多年前，我还只是一名中学生。)”可知，作者是在上中学的时候决定去帮助一个孩子。故选A项。
6．
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“From then on I began to care about the suffering of children in poor countries. With my mom’s help, I soon found a few groups and joined them. They were helping others around the world.(从那时起，我开始关心贫困国家儿童的suffering。在我妈妈的帮助下，我很快找到了几个小组，并加入了他们。他们在帮助世界上的其他人。)”可知，作者关心的儿童生活在贫困国家里，他们有着苦难的遭遇，所以作者加入他人去帮助他们，去帮助世界上需要帮助的人，所以可知，这些贫困国家的儿童的遭遇让作者关心，他们的苦难让作者为之所动，故可知此处的“suffering”意为“苦难”。故选A项。
7．
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“It felt so good being able to reach out and help others in need. It felt so good being able to make even one life better. I could feel the love growing in my head and beginning to change me. This feeling makes us into better people with bigger hearts. It helps us to love, to be kind, and to make this world a better place.(能够伸出手去帮助需要帮助的人，这种感觉真好。能够让哪怕一个人的生活变得更好，这种感觉真好。我能感觉到爱在我脑海中成长，并开始改变我。这种感觉让我们成为更好的人，拥有更宽广的胸怀。它帮助我们去爱，去善良，让这个世界变得更美好。)”可知，作者在帮助他人之后，发现去帮助他人能给一种很好的感觉，让爱的种子在他心里生根发芽，也让他明白要用爱和善良去让他人变得更好，让世界变得更好，因此可知，此段在讲述作者在帮助了他人之后的感受。故选D项。
8．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“It felt so good being able to reach out and help others in need. It felt so good being able to make even one life better. I could feel the love growing in my head and beginning to change me. This feeling makes us into better people with bigger hearts. It helps us to love, to be kind, and to make this world a better place. (能够伸出手去帮助需要帮助的人，这种感觉真好。能够让哪怕一个人的生活变得更好，这种感觉真好。我能感觉到爱在我脑海中成长，并开始改变我。这种感觉让我们成为更好的人，拥有更宽广的胸怀。它帮助我们去爱，去善良，让这个世界变得更美好。)”可知，帮助他人给作者带来很好的感觉，让他感受到爱在他心里成长，这改变了作者，让作者变成更好的人，去用爱去改变这个世界。故选D项。
9．
推理判断题。根据第二段的“From then on I began to care about the suffering of children in poor countries. With my mom’s help, I soon found a few groups and joined them. They were helping others around the world.(从那时起，我开始关心贫困国家儿童的苦难。在我妈妈的帮助下，我很快找到了几个小组，并加入了他们。他们在帮助世界上的其他人。)”以及最后一段的“It felt so good being able to reach out and help others in need. It felt so good being able to make even one life better. I could feel the love growing in my head and beginning to change me. This feeling makes us into better people with bigger hearts. It helps us to love, to be kind, and to make this world a better place. (能够伸出手去帮助需要帮助的人，这种感觉真好。能够让哪怕一个人的生活变得更好，这种感觉真好。我能感觉到爱在我脑海中成长，并开始改变我。这种感觉让我们成为更好的人，拥有更宽广的胸怀。它帮助我们去爱，去善良，让这个世界变得更美好。)”可知，作者在经历火灾之后，开始去关注那些有苦难遭遇的儿童，开始去帮助他人，这让作者明白帮助他人是很好的一件事，让作者继续用爱去改变他人，去改变这个世界，所以可知，作者是一个很有爱心、很善良的人。故选C项。
10．A
11．D
12．B
13．B
14．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者怀着愉悦的心情去上学，结果到学校目睹持枪歹徒枪击学生，作者和20名其他同学逃命的经历。
10．
推理判断题。根据第一自然段“On September 13th, I woke up in the best mood.（9月13日，我醒来时心情很好。）”以及“I got ready, danced in my room to my favorite music while I picked out my clothes, made my lunch, and was on my way to school.（我准备好了，在房间里随着我最喜欢的音乐跳舞，我挑选衣服，做午餐，然后在上学的路上。）”可以看出，作者在上学前，心情很放松。故选A。
11．
词义猜测提题。根据第一自然段“Not only did I get my full eight hours of sleep, but an additional two more hours as well.（我不仅睡了整整八个小时，还多睡了两个小时。）”可知，sleep in意为“睡懒觉；睡过头”。故选D。
12．
细节理解题。根据第二自然段“And lastly, I remember running. Running for my life.（最后，我记得跑。为我的生命而奔跑。）”和第三自然段第一句“I finally made it to a safe classroom, and 20 other students and I settled in for lockdown.（我终于来到了一个安全的教室，我和另外20名学生一起藏了起来。）”可知，当枪击发生时，学生们四下逃窜。故选B。
13．
细节理解题。根据第二自然段“I ran down the stairs, out of the school’s front doors, and down the street to the primary school.（我跑下楼梯，走出学校的前门，沿着街道来到小学。）”可知，在枪击事件中，作者在附近的一所学校找到了安全的地方。故选B。
14．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“We passed our phones around to text our loved ones that we were safe…（我们互相传递手机，发信息给我们的亲人，告诉他们我们很安全……）”可知，并非所有21名学生都随身携带手机。故选C。
15．D
16．C
17．B
18．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在独自旅行的时候，因一个人在餐厅吃饭，感到孤独，有次坐在一对夫妇旁边，夫妇中的男士说他不是一个人，而是跟他们一起，这样的话语让作者感到非常满意和舒适，忘记孤独感。
15．
词义猜测题。根据上文“One thing I still find difficult though is eating alone in foreign restaurants, especially during main dining hours, such as a Saturday night（我仍然觉得困难的一件事是独自在外国餐馆吃饭，尤其是在主要的用餐时间点，比如周六晚上。）”可知作者觉得在国外用餐是个问题，特别在主要的用餐的时间点，推知是因为用餐时间点人多的缘故；由“But, to my dismay, when I arrived around 8:15 it as if the restaurant were already full.（但是，令我沮丧的是，当我在8点15分左右到达时，好像餐厅已经满员了。）”可知当作者去餐厅吃饭时，发现已经坐满了人，与前面所述的在国外餐厅吃饭是个问题，尤其在用餐时间点这个说法相吻合，因此作者感到沮丧，因为人太多了，没地方坐；下文““Would it be possible to find a seat for me ”（能不能给我找个座位）”可知就是人太多以至于没有座位；故这个情况让作者感到沮丧，推知划线单词dismay的意思是沮丧，故选D项。
16．
推理判断题。由文章第二段“This couple was using one of the chairs of my table to store their things, and as the waiter pulled out my chair, the gentleman began to remove his belongings.（这对夫妇正在用我餐桌上的一把椅子来存放他们的东西，当服务员拉出我的椅子时，这位先生开始拿走他的东西。）”可知作者餐桌的椅子被那位先生放了东西；由文章第三段““You are alone ” He asked me.（你一个人？他问我）”可知那位先生以为作者是和别人一起来吃饭的，需要用另一把椅子，所以要从椅子上面把东西拿走；故选C项。
17．
推理判断题。由文章第四段““No! You are not alone! Now you are here, dining with us”! he said, smiling, and with a gesture of his hand indicating the restaurant.（“不！ 你不是一个人！现在你在这里，和我们一起吃饭！”他微笑着说，并用手势指了指餐厅。）”可知这位先生知道作者是一个人后，为了不让作者感到孤独，说他们一起在吃饭，说明他很体贴入微，思虑周全，连这种小细节都能照顾到；这位先生是微笑着说的，并用手势比划指了一下餐厅，而不是大声说或者站起来，说明他是温顺文雅的；故选B项。
18．
细节理解题。由文章最后一段“It was perhaps one of the nicest things anyone has ever said to me.（这可能是别人对我说过的最好的事情之一）”可知作者对这位先生的话很是满意；文章最后一句“And the feeling of being alone was forgotten.（孤独感被遗忘了）”可知作者不再感到孤独，此刻他的内心是非常舒服的；故选A项。
19．C
20．C
21．D
22．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了美国舞蹈家玛莎·格雷姆学习舞蹈的经历和为现代舞发展做出的贡献。
19．
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Once in 1910, Martha’s father took her to see a dance performance by Ruth Saint Denis, one of the first modern dancers in America. She decided then to become a dancer.”（1910年，玛莎的父亲带她去看美国第一批现代舞蹈家之一露丝·圣·丹尼斯的舞蹈表演。然后她决定成为一名舞者。）可知，玛莎在看过露丝·圣·丹尼斯的舞蹈表演后，决定成为一名舞者，由此可知，露丝·圣·丹尼斯的舞蹈表演让玛莎·格雷姆决定成为一名舞者。故选C项。
20．
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Martha’s parents did not approve of her desire to dance, as people saw American dance as a lower art form at that time.”（玛莎的父母不赞成她跳舞的愿望，因为当时人们认为美国舞蹈是一种低级的艺术形式。）可知，玛莎的父母不赞成她跳舞，因为他们认为美国舞蹈是一种低级的艺术形式，由此可知，玛莎的父母不赞成她学习舞蹈，因为他们瞧不起美国舞蹈。故选C项。
21．
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“In order to express herself freely, she started the Martha Graham Center of Contemporary Dance in 1926.”（为了自由表达自己，她于1926年创办了玛莎·格雷姆现代舞蹈中心。）可知，为了自由表达自己，玛莎·格雷姆创办了现代舞蹈中心，由此可知，玛莎·格雷姆建立了自己的舞蹈中心来自由展示自己。故选D项。
22．
推理判断题。通读文章，结合第二段关键句“After that, Martha Graham started teaching dance at a school in Rochester, New York. Later she taught at Carnegie Hall. There she began to create the steps of dances and created dances based on ancient Greek stories and famous women.”（此后，玛莎·格雷姆开始在纽约罗切斯特的一所学校教授舞蹈。后来她在卡内基音乐厅任教。在那里，她开始创作舞步，并根据古希腊故事和著名女性创作舞蹈。）可知，作为一名舞蹈家，玛莎·格雷姆一生致力于舞蹈，不仅跳舞，还教授舞蹈并创作舞蹈，全心全意的为舞蹈付出，由此可推断出，玛莎·格雷姆是一个有献身精神的人，一个专心致志的人。故选A项。
23．C
24．A
25．B
26．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者的妻子在两年前遭遇了一场车祸，虽然没有生命危险但是受了伤，而他们的女儿幸运地毫发无伤，并打给作者电话，得以获救。在两年多后，作者和妻子在别的事情中偶然遇到一位女士，她住在距离车祸不远的公寓，是她借给作者的女儿手机去联系作者的。当他们自我介绍时，发现这位女士的姓名就是作者和妻子名字的组合。
23．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“I was angry because I knew the call was either going to be for my wife, Susan, who had left to take Alyce to school ten minutes earlier, or it was the latest of 300 attempts（企图）to sell me something I had absolutely no interest in. (我很生气，因为我知道这个电话要么是打给我的妻子苏珊的，她十分钟前离开去送爱丽丝上学了，要么是300次试图向我推销我完全不感兴趣的东西中的最新一次。)”可知，从第一段中我们了解到这家人接到许多推销产品的电话。故选C。
24．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Susan was trapped under the dashboard（仪表盘）. Alyce was standing on the comer, crying, covered in some glass but uninjured. (苏珊被困在仪表盘下面。爱丽丝站在角落里哭着，身上盖着一些玻璃，但没有受伤。)”可知，当作者到达现场的时候，作者的妻子是被卡在了车里。故选A。
25．
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Alyce told her that she needed to call me, but her phone was missing. So the woman lent Alyce her phone.(爱丽丝告诉她要给我打电话，但她的手机不见了。所以这个女人把她的手机借给了爱丽丝。)”可知，Alyce乞求那位女士，借用那位女士的手机给她的父亲打电话。故选B。
26．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“She looked at us and said, “Wait, your name is Susan ” Susan nodded. “And your name is Doug ” The woman put her hand over her heart. “Oh my goodness, ” she said. “My name is Susan Douglas.”(她看着我们说：“等等，你叫苏珊 ”苏珊点点头。“你叫道格？”女人用手捂住心口。“哦，我的天哪，”她说。“我叫苏珊·道格拉斯。”)”可知，女人对作者和他妻子的名字感到惊讶的原因是她的名词至作者和妻子名字的结合，即他们名字是相似的。故选B。
27．D
28．A
29．B
30．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在一个夏天克服自己曾经被黄蜂攻击的恐惧，杀死了汽车上的黄蜂的故事。
27．
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Several times these wasps had attacked me while I was in a garden.”可知，当我在花园里的时候，这些黄蜂攻击了我好几次，所以我惊恐万分，故推测yellow jackets指的是“黄蜂”。故选D。
28．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Five yellow jackets had started to build a nest around their gas cap. My eyes widened. I shared the ladies fear.(五只黄蜂开始在它们的气帽周围筑巢。我睁大了眼睛。我和女士们一样害怕)”可知，五只黄蜂吓坏了两位老妇人。故选A。
29．
推理判断题。根据第三段“Still, I knew I couldn’t let fear stop me now. I reached into my pocket for a paper towel I had there, tore out the nest and stepped on it while the angry wasps buzzed around me. Both of the ladies thanked me and I said, “You’re welcome!” with a smile and a happy heart.(尽管如此，我知道现在不能让恐惧阻止我。我伸手从口袋里掏出纸巾，把蜂巢掏了出来，踩在上面，愤怒的黄蜂在我周围嗡嗡叫。两位女士都向我道谢，我带着微笑和快乐的心情说：“不客气！”)”可推知，作者很勇敢。故选B。
30．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Still, I knew I couldn’t let fear stop me now.(尽管如此，我知道现在不能让恐惧阻止我)”可知，不要让恐惧阻碍我们。故选A。
31．C
32．B
33．B
34．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了国际医生Kim Hyung-ho来中国学习中医，并且对农村医疗做出了贡献。
31．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Kim’s passion for TCM took root in his teenage years after he had a twisted ankle treated with acupuncture.( Kim对中医的热情在他十几岁的时候就开始了，当时他扭伤了脚踝，用针灸治疗)”可知，Kim开始对中医感兴趣始于他小时接受过中医治疗。故选C。
32．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“As a result, Kim led fellow volunteers to collect lists of people from different villages. The lists were handed to local authorities to keep track of the patients’ treatment.(因此，Kim带领志愿者们收集了来自不同村庄的人的名单。名单被交给当地政府，以跟踪患者的治疗情况)”可推知，部分农村患者将由志愿者跟踪。故选B。
33．
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“As a TCM doctor, I will continue to communicate with doctors in Korea and other countries to help it spread and”以及后文“so that more people can understand its excellence”可知，Kim说自己作为一名中医医生，将继续与韩国和其他国家的医生交流，帮助它进一步传播和发展，让更多人了解它的优点。故画线词意思是“发展”。故选B。
34．
推理判断题。根据第一段“Kim Hyung-ho arrived in China from the Republic of Korea on Aug 24,1992, which happened to be the same day that the two countries officially established diplomatic relations. Kim, just 19 at the time, came to China to study traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), a medical system with thousands of years of history and which enjoys popularity in many countries.(金亨浩于1992年8月24日从韩国抵达中国，这一天正是两国正式建立外交关系的日子。当时年仅19岁的金来中国学习中医，中医是一种具有数千年历史的医疗体系，在许多国家都很受欢迎)”结合文章主要讲述了国际医生Kim Hyung-ho来中国学习中医，并且对农村医疗做出了贡献。可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍一位国际医生。故选D。
35．C
36．D
37．A
38．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是夹叙夹议文。作者三年前辍学，觉得获得了解放，有时间做自己想做的事。但三年后，决定还是重回学校，为了自己的未来去奋斗。
35．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Common wisdom would have you believe we are the “bad kids’’, the future criminals, the worst sort of people.(常识会让你相信我们是“坏孩子”，未来的罪犯，最坏的一类人。)”可知，人们普遍认为辍学的孩子是“坏孩子”，是未来的罪犯。故选C。
36．
推理判断题。根据第三段中“The best of all was the time I finally had to myself. I felt liberated. I had been in school nearly my whole life. I wanted to find out for myself who I was, and until I did, everything else felt like a waste of time.(最棒的是我终于有了属于自己的时间。我觉得自由了。我几乎一辈子都在上学。我想自己找出我是谁，在我找到之前，一切都是浪费时间。)”可以推断，作者在辍学后觉得最有趣的事情是有时间自我发现。故选D。
37．
细节理解题。根据第四段中“I immediately moved out of the house and out of town, in search of a future for myself.(我立刻搬出了房子，出了城，为自己寻找未来。)”和第五段中“And it is here, in my new home of San Francisco, that I have decided to do what was once unthinkable: go back to school.(正是在这里，在我的新家旧金山，我决定做一件曾经不可想象的事：重返校园。)”可知，作者搬到San Francisco是要重回学校上学，为了自己的未来而奋斗。故选A。
38．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“So next time you see a dropout, be sympathetic. And please don’t push him to do something he doesn’t want to do.(所以，下次你看到一个辍学者时，要同情他。请不要逼他做他不想做的事。)”可以推断，作者建议人们对于辍学的人，要同情他们，要理解他们，不要逼他做他不想做的事。故选C。
39．A
40．B
41．D
42．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了大学时的无助曾经使作者产生了自杀的念头，但与一位陌生女士的短暂交谈使作者意识到可以寻求帮助，在及时的帮助和支持下，作者度过了艰难时期，并决定去帮助别人。
39．
推理判断题。根据第一段“As I had grown up in Belgium, going to university in the UK made me feel lost and lonely. Although I was struggling, I felt unable to share how I was feeling with anyone and didn’t know where I could turn for support.(由于我在比利时长大，在英国上大学让我感到失落和孤独。虽然我在挣扎，但我觉得无法与任何人分享我的感受，也不知道在哪里可以寻求支持)”可知，作者很迷茫，无法适应新的环境。故选A项。
40．
细节理解题。根据第三段“The small talk was a wake-up call and made me realize it’s OK to reach out for help.(那次短暂的交谈给了我提醒，让我意识到去寻求帮助是可以的)”可知，在短暂的交谈之后，作者意识到可以勇敢地向别人寻求帮助。故选B项。
41．
词句猜测题。根据第三段“Although I didn’t say much back to her, the little conversation was all it took to interrupt my thoughts of ending life.(虽然我没有跟她说太多话，但那次短暂的谈话打断了我结束生命的念头)”以及第四段“When I started working at Network Rail in 2012, I heard that Samaritans provided training for staff working in the rail industry on identifying and helping people who may be vulnerable. Instantly, I knew I had to sign up. I wanted to turn my experience into something useful and positive, and to equip myself to help others who might be feeling like I did back then.(当我2012年开始在英国国营铁路公司工作时，我听说撒玛利亚人为铁路行业的工作人员提供了识别和帮助vulnerable的人的培训。立刻，我知道我必须注册。我想把我的经历变成一些有用和积极的东西，并让自己有能力帮助那些可能感觉像我那时那样的人)”可知，在听说撒玛利亚人会为铁路员工提供有关识别和帮助脆弱人群的培训之后，作者想要将自己的经历变成有用的和积极的东西，推测划线单词表示“脆弱的”，与easily-broken同义。故选D项。
42．
推理判断题。根据第三段“The small talk was a wake-up call and made me realize it’s OK to reach out for help.(那次短暂的交谈给了我提醒，让我意识到去寻求帮助是可以的)”以及最后一段“So, if you ever notice someone who you think might be struggling, try talking to them. You already have everything you need to save a life. Take it from me, starting a conversation can be all that it takes.(所以，如果你注意到你认为可能在挣扎的人，试着与他们交谈。你已经拥有了拯救生命所需的一切。相信我吧，开始一段对话就够了)”可知，作者鼓励大家在发现有人遇到困难的时候，要尝试与其进行短暂的交谈，短暂的交谈有时会对他人产生巨大的作用。故选C项。
43．D
44．B
45．A
46．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直不理解父亲喜欢血腥运动的原因。直到27岁和父亲一起去苏格兰猎鹿。在这次的经历中，作者体会到了其中的乐趣，见到了不列颠野兽，它在它的王国一片空旷荒芜的土地上自由漫游的情景，甚至给作者带来了创作的灵感。
43．
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I was fed up with the early starts and standing around in freezing conditions, waiting for birds to be driven into the sky, to their deaths, over a line of booming guns. (我厌倦了早起，站在冰冷的环境中，等待着鸟儿飞向天空，在一排隆隆的枪声中死去)”可知，作者对血腥运动的内心感受是：它们令人讨厌。故选D项。
44．
词句猜测题。根据文章第六段“And then, suddenly, the ghillie almost pushed me to the ground. He pointed at a cloud of fog about a hundred yards ahead. (然后，突然间，吉利差点把我推倒在地。他指了指前方一百米左右的一团雾气)”以及下文“until the cloud lifted like a curtain to reveal-directly in front of us one of the most magnificent living creatures I have ever seen. (直到乌云像窗帘一样升起，在我们面前展现出我所见过的最壮观的生物之一)”可推知，作者当时突然被人一推，然后被对方指着那团雾气的动作搞得很困惑。由此可知，划线词baffled与confused“困惑的”意思接近。故选B项。
45．
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“But I wasn’t disappointed. I was elated. I had come — via a telescopic sight — face to face with an old but most beautiful, iconic and noble beasts of Britain, roaming free in an empty and deserted land of his kingdom. (但我没有失望。我感到欢欣鼓舞。我通过望远镜的瞄准镜来到了这里，与一只古老但最美丽、最具标志性和最高贵的不列颠野兽面对面，它在它的王国的一片空旷荒芜的土地上自由自在地游荡)”可知，作者没有开枪，因为作者被这头年老的鹿所触动。故选A项。
46．
主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者一直不理解父亲喜欢血腥运动的原因。直到27岁和父亲一起去苏格兰猎鹿。在这次的经历中，作者体会到了其中的乐趣，见到了不列颠野兽，它在它的王国一片空旷荒芜的土地上自由漫游的情景，甚至给作者带来了创作的灵感，这次经历让作者难忘。由此可知，An unforgettable moment(一个难忘的时刻)适合作本文标题。故选B项。
47．D
48．D
49．C
50．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Fisayo Longe创立她的时尚品牌的故事。文章讲述了她的创作背景、过程及后来的成绩。
47．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Longe’s original outlet for her love of fashion was her blog Mirror Me. Having a passion for travel, Longe would pick up fabrics from the countries she visited and make clothes for herself, which she posted on social media. As her creations started to become a hit, the seed for her own brand was planted.”（她最初用博客Mirror Me来表达自己对时尚的热爱。朗格对旅行充满热情，她会从她去过的国家挑选布料，为自己制作衣服，并把它们发布在社交媒体上。随着她的创作开始成为热门，她自己的品牌的种子已经种下。）可知Longe最初通过自己选布料为自己制作衣服并发布在媒体上来表达自己对时尚的热爱。故选D项。
48．推理判断题。根据文章第四段““I’ve always wanted to build that kind of community of women because, having grown up in Nigeria, I feel some women are made to feel they have to dim (使暗淡)their light-we don’t realize our power. Things are all centred around men and marriage. I want to build a community that focuses on ourselves and our confidence.””（“我一直想建立这样一个女性社区，因为在尼日利亚长大，我觉得有些女性不得不觉得她们必须使她们的光变暗——我们没有意识到我们的力量。一切都以男人和婚姻为中心。我想建立一个专注于我们自己和我们的信心的社区。”）可知Longe生活在尼日利亚，一个一切以男人和婚姻为中心的地方，毫不关注女人自身和她们的价值。由此推知，Longe想建立一个女性社区，来帮助她们找回自我价值，找回自信。故选D项。
49．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Longe is the first to admit she was rather “naive” when she started, giving an example of heading to Turkey with her mother to find a company to produce her designs. “That’s not the way to find producers,” she says. “It’s much better to go to trade shows.”（Longe是第一个承认她刚开始的时候相当“天真”的人，举了一个例子，她和母亲一起去土耳其寻找一家公司来生产她的设计。“这不是寻找生产商的方式，”她说。“去参加贸易展览要好得多。”）可知她一开始就直接去找公司生产她的设计，她自己也觉得这个是不妥当的，应该先去参加展览，获得市场的反响后再去决定是不是找生产商生产，所以推知她对于这些事是缺乏经验的。故选C项。
50．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But whatever she’s doing, it’s obviously working, with the brand featured in an Elle magazine cover shoot with the model Adwoa Aboah, as well as in Beyonce’s black-owned businesses list.”（但无论她在做什么，它显然都在发挥作用，该品牌出现在Elle杂志的封面照片中，封面是模特 Adwoa Aboah，以及出现在碧昂斯的黑人拥有的企业名单中）可知，她的工作都在正确的轨道上。故选A项。阅读理解
Regardless of how famous they are, and despite the star treatment they receive, many celebrities make it a point to give back to charities. Some have even set up their own private foundations. Their widely publicised visits to troubled areas of the world help to raise awareness of issues such as famine and poverty. According to Jane Cooper of Unicef UK, celebrities have a unique ability to reach huge numbers of people, many of whom might not otherwise be engaged in charitable causes. She pointed out that famous faces had played a significant role in raising funds in recent years, and their energies had produced tangible results, such as enabling millions of children in poorer countries to attend school.
But in spite of these successes there is evidence to suggest that celebrity endorsement (代言) may be overrated. In a survey of members of the public to find out if celebrity involvement would encourage people to donate, researchers found that the impact was not as great as previously thought. When shown a list of well-known organisations and famous people who represent them, over half of respondents were unable to match the celebrity with the cause. What’s more, three quarters claimed that they didn’t respond to celebrity endorsement in any way. The survey also showed that a few names did stand out as being associated with particular charities. But the presence of a celebrity in a campaign, was not a significant factor when it came to a decision to donate time or money. Instead, the majority of people contribute because of personal connections in their lives and families which make a charity important to them.
In another study aimed at young people, most participants cited a compelling (无法抗拒的) mission as their main motivation to give. The second most important incentive was if a friend or peer recommended supporting a particular cause. Only two percent of respondents said they were motivated by celebrity endorsement. This seems to contradict the general assumption that teenagers are particularly influenced by famous people. One possible explanation is that there is a general fatigue (疲倦) with celebrity culture. There is also a suspicion that the stars are the one who benefit most when they offer to do charity work. Some critics have accused that celebrities might actually take attention away from issues by attracting more attention than the causes they represent.
So taking all these issues into account, is it time for charities to rethink their campaign strategies and look for alternative ways to reach new audiences Whichever point of view you favour, there seems to be opportunities for more research into how charity campaigns might develop relationships with celebrities to maximise their potential. This in turn will open up more engagement, and better targeted campaigns-which can only benefit those who really matter — the people and animals that are in need of assistance.
1．What does the underlined word “tangible” in paragraph I probably mean
A．Definite. B．Complicated. C．Limited. D．Temporary.
2．According to the passage, most people contribute to charities because ________.
A．they gain benefit from the charities
B．they are forced to finish a necessary task
C．they believe in the famous people they like
D．they are inspired by the people around them
3．The third paragraph is mainly about ________.
A．what celebrities achieve in doing charities
B．How young people react to celebrity culture
C．why young people are hardly influenced by celebrities
D．who is to blame for taking attention away from charities
4．What is the author's attitude towards celebrity doing charities
A．Objective. B．Positive.
C．Negative. D．Unclear.
The conductor on the podium (指挥台) has no baton (指挥棒), no tailcoat and no musical score, but Android Alter 3 is kicking up a storm as it guides a symphony orchestra's players through their paces.
The robot has a humanoid face, hands and lower arms, which gesture with what could pass for passion as it bounces up and down and rotates during the live performance of Keiichiro Shibuya's opera Scary Beauty in the Emirate of Sharjah.
Video from the recent performance in the Emirate of Sharjah showed the machine turning to face orchestra members and waving its arms. Alter 3 even sang at times.
Shibuya said the involvement of robots in the everyday lives of humans is continually increasing. But, he said he thinks people will need to decide in the future how artificial intelligence can best improve the human experience.
Shibuya added that he believes humans and robots can learn to work together to create beautiful art. "This work is a metaphor of that relations between humans and technology," he said. Shibuya noted that sometimes the music-leading robot can "get crazy", making it difficult for the musicians to keep up. But other times, the humans and machines cooperate very well.
Shibuya said the robots and AI that exist today are "far from complete". He is interested in studying how such incomplete technology can be combined with art.
"I think this is a very exciting idea…We came to see what it looks like and how much is possible," said Anna Kovacevic. Another audience member, who gave his name only as Billum, said after the show, "You know, a human conductor is so much better." Although he said he is interested in AI and looks forward to big developments, he concluded on the project: "The human touch is lost."
5．What does Shibuya think of Alter 3
A．It is not perfect at present. B．It teams up with humans well.
C．It often makes humans crazy. D．It is better than human conductors.
6．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．The performance drew mixed reactions.
B．Billum took no interest in the performance.
C．The audience were fascinated by the performance.
D．The audience thought Alter 3 would have a bright future.
7．What is the author's attitude towards the combination of robots and art
A．Positive B．Negative. C．Objective. D．Critical.
8．What can be the best title for the text
A．Robot Cooperates with Humans
B．Robot Conducts Human Orchestra
C．The Significance of Robots in Art
D．The Relations Between AI and Humans
I’m May. high school seniors all around the U. S. scramble (争抢) to get ready for prom. Prom. short for promenade, is a formal dance held by a high school before graduation. It's an important aspect of American school culture because it's the last high-school dance seniors will ever attend.
Prom entails (牵涉) countless traditions. First a guy must ask a girl to go to prom with him. Most guys choose to do special prom proposals in hopes of winning the girl's heart with their creativity. Then he will rent a tuxedo (燕尾服), and the girl will often get their hair, nails and makeup done professionally. That night couples will take pictures, and then they will often take a limousine (豪华轿车) to dinner and to the dance. Several reports state that parents can spend upward of $ 2,000 to give their kids the perfect prom experience.
The history of prom can be traced back to the last half of the 1800s. At that time, American universities and colleges organized dances each year for their graduating students. The purpose was not only to entertain the students but also to prepare them for the wider world by teaching them proper manners for men and women.
Later, high schools took over the prom tradition. In the 1950s, high schools began moving the dance from their gyms to beautiful hotels or country clubs to make the event even more special. Perhaps the most amazing prom took place in 1975, when Susan Ford, the daughter of the country's president, received permission to hold her high school's prom at the White House. So far, no other prom has managed to top that.
9．What does this article mainly explain about prom
A．Its unusual atmosphere.
B．Its present and future.
C．Its educational benefits.
D．Its customs and roots.
10．According to this article, what do the participants in prom mainly pay attention to
A．Their appearance.
B．Their possessions.
C．Their transportation.
D．Their supervisors.
11．What were people supposed to learn from prom at one time
A．What marketing plan to use.
B．How to behave around others.
C．Which food was best to eat.
D．When to earn a great degree.
12．According to this article ,where was a special event held more than four decades ago
A．In an official residence.
B．In an international court.
C．In a motion picture studio.
D．In a modern gallery.
In the magnificent range of mountains of northern California, 42 radio telescopes point towards the stars, scanning for signs of life. The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence （SETI） Institute has been listening for a signal here since it was founded in 1984. Jill Tarter, its co — founder, says the programmed aim is not just to communicate with remote civilisations. It is also to remind human beings of its own modest, fragile （脆弱的）place in the universe. Thus, for the first time, SETI is cocking its ear towards Earth to look for a signal that can be sent into space to represent the species.
Felipe Perez Santiago, a Mexican musician and composer, has an idea of what might work.Since songs, like the human voices, are common to all languages and nations, he and Ms. Tarter have designed the “Earthling Project”-a call to people everywhere to upload extracts （精华）of song that he plans to melt into a collective human chorus. An initial composition will be launched into space this summer, recorded on a virtually indestructible disk. Future plans and dreams include an eventual landing on Mars.
Human music has been sent to the heavens in 1977. Distant beings can in theory already enjoy Peruvian panpipes, a Navajo chant, Bach, Beethoven and more. But no previous offering, and perhaps no composition undertaken anywhere, has tried to encompass the entire diversity of human song.
Mr. Santiago says he is thrilled about bringing together contributors from around the globe. Unlike other recordings sent into space, says Mr. Santiago, “Everyone's invited. You don't have to be one of the main composers of our history like Beethoven, just someone singing in their shower.” Download the “Earthling Project" app, sing up to three songs of 30 seconds each, and your voice will be sent into the sky.
13．Why does SETI look for a signal to be sent into space
A．To stand for species on the earth.
B．To scan for other liveable planets.
C．To respond to the call of the universe.
D．To stress the importance of the earth.
14．What can we infer about the "Earthling Project”
A．It is a world music organization.
B．It intends to create a human chorus.
C．It tries to develop a universal language.
D．It aims to search for signals from space.
15．What does the underlined word “encompass" in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Include. B．Appreciate.
C．Work out. D．Relate to.
16．What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A．To inspire people to become composers.
B．To call on people to protect our planet.
C．To encourage people to explore space.
D．To invite people to join a programme.
Future City Competition
Future City starts with a question—how can we make the world a better place To answer it, 10th, 11th, and 12th grade students imagine, research, design, and build cities of the future that showcase their solution to a citywide sustainability issue. Past topics include Urban Agriculture, Public spaces, and Green energy while the topic of this year is Living on the Moon. Teams will design a futuristic lunar city and provide examples of how the city uses Moon resources to keep its residents safe and healthy.
Participants complete five deliverables: a 1,500-word city essay: a scale model; a project plan; a presentation video; and a virtual/online Q&A session with /judges. Regional winners represent their region at the international Finals. After completing Future City, student participants are not only prepared to be citizens of today’s complex and technical world, but also ready to become the drivers of tomorrow.
What you can learn
This flexible, cross-curricular(跨课程的) educational program gives students an opportunity to do the things that engineers do-identify problems: brainstorm ideas; design solutions; test, retest and build; and share their results. With this at its center, Future City is an engaging way to build students’ 21st century skills. Students participating in Future City also learn how their communities work and become better citizens and develop strong time management and project management skills.
What you need
Future City costs just $25 per organization—and you can register I team or 100. The price always stays the same.
We keep the price affordable so everyone can participate. Not only that, we limit the budget for materials for the City Model and City Presentation to $100 and encourage teams to use recycled materials. You don’t need expensive equipment to excel. Creativity, hard work, and commitment are all you need to get ahead.
Please note: Some regions limit the number of teams an organization can bring to the Regional Competition. Please check with your Regional Coordinator to find out the guidelines in your region.
17．In Future City Competition 2021, students need to ________.
A．complete more than five taskes
B．design a city with green energy
C．address problems on the moon
D．make use of lunar resources
18．What lies at the core of Future City Competition
A．Designing cities.
B．Identifying problems.
C．Training better citizens
D．Engineering design process
19．If you want to succeed in the competition, you need ________.
A．to be creative and devoted.
B．to use the recycled materials.
C．to buy some expensive equipment.
D．to ask more people to join in your team.
Sora observed in amazement as Weilun picked up two large metal cans. She followed Weilun with a pail (桶) of clothes, watching him carry the two cans effortlessly. They were large and were covering Weilun’s small frame.
Sora’s father had sent her to the village to learn about rural life. Sora had never once done any household chores back home. She did not understand why her father would always chant “Where is your willingness to learn ” whenever she asked him if she could stay home for the holidays. Her father had given her a checklist on the life skills that she needed to learn, one of which was to wash clothes. She recalled washing a table cloth after an art lesson in school. That was a piece of cake, she thought. So Sora refused Weilun’s offer to help. Weilun then went to fill the large cans with water at the far end of the river.
Suddenly, a big bird dived from the sky when Sora placed the last piece of clothing back in the pail. Sora released her grasp of the pail in shock. Then she was relaxed to find it was aiming for a worm near her. But the clothes were drifting in the river. Weilun immediately came to help and Sora shifted the blame to the bird.
He pointed at the detergent foam (洗涤剂泡沫) on the surface of the river. “Don’t tell me you rinsed (漂洗) the detergent from the clothes in the river. Don’t you know that it may kill the river creatures You caused the problem, not the bird!” Sora looked down in shame. “You think that you know everything, but you actually don’t.”
Sora closed her eyes to let Weilun’s words sink in for a moment. She finally understood the meaning behind her father’s chants. She walked towards Weilun and whispered, “Could you teach me all the life skills that my father had planned for me to learn ”
20．Why was Sora amazed
A．Weilun was too small in size for the two large cans.
B．Weilun was willing to help his parents do some chores.
C．Weilun managed to carry the two large cans easily.
D．Weilun was willing to accompany her to the riverside.
21．Why did Sora refuse Weilun’s offer to help wash the clothes
A．She thought it was an easy task.
B．She had learned how to do it.
C．She wanted her father to be proud of her.
D．She wanted to learn new things by herself.
22．What happened when Sora found the bird flew towards her
A．The bird was diving for food.
B．The bird was attacking her.
C．Sora was rinsing the detergent in the pail.
D．Sora was shocked to find a worm in the pail.
23．What do you think Sora “finally understood”
A．She wasn’t capable of living on her own.
B．She really lacked the willingness to learn.
C．Life skills could be learned in the country.
D．Her father wanted her to learn from Weilun.
Independent living at home is the ideal for every aging person. But a fall or other health-threatening incidents can change everything rapidly.
The wearable “panic buttons” introduced in the late 1980s were a great advance. But they only work if people actually wear them and can reach the button in an emergency. Today there are passive wearables that automatically detect falls, and camera-based systems to monitor elder safety.
Coming from a 40-year career in the semiconductor and wireless communication field, Rafi Zack decided to find a better alternative. “People aren’t devoted to wearing small devices 24/7, and camera-based systems are an invasion（侵犯）of privacy,” he points out, “The most challenging aspect is a fall. How fast we can detect a fall matters because the medical situation worsens quickly. Sometimes people stay on the floor for a long time. We have to find out how to solve that problem.”
Zack is a co-founder, CEO and vice president of R&D at EchoCare Technologies which has developed ECHO (Elderly Care Home Observer), a cloud-connected monitor based on radar technology and machine learning.
Because radar sees through walls, one ECHO unit fixed on the ceiling or wall can monitor one person (or two persons, in a future version) in a standard-sized apartment in a senior living facility. The device detects falls, breathing difficulties, drowning in a bathtub and other dangerous events. It gives out warnings to potential health worsening conditions by continuously monitoring and analyzing the person’s location, posture（姿势）, motion and breath. EchoCare tested the device in the United States, Japan, Australia and Israel. ECHO was certified（认证）in 2019 in Japan with the most aging population in the world.
“Bathrooms were the main testing area where about 17,000 deadly accidents happen annually.” said SMK Director and Executive Vice President Tetsuo Hara. “Bathroom makers, home security service providers and nursing homes are highly interested in EchoCare’s solution.” Zack noted, “As more and more elder people live alone as a result of social distancing, there is an increased need to monitor them without the burden of wearables or privacy-invading cameras.”
24．What’s the advantage of ECHO over “panic buttons”
A．It has camera-based systems. B．It has been widely accepted.
C．It can function without cameras. D．Its buttons can be easily reached.
25．What can we know about ECHO from paragraph 5
A．It is designed to send out warnings regularly.
B．It monitors dangerous health-related events.
C．It was certified in many developed countries.
D．It detects more than one person at the same time.
26．What can we infer about the future of ECHO
A．It’ll become more popular with the elderly.
B．It’ll stop 17,000 deaths happening annually.
C．It’ll be used in nursing homes and hospitals.
D．It’ll help elderly people to live an active life.
27．What can be the best title for the passage
A．An Advanced Medical Instrument
B．A High-tech Monitor for the Elderly
C．The Invention of a Healthcare Device
D．The Improvement of a Medical Facility
What is talent Are you born with it Or does it seem to develop over time Before I start, I’d like to say that one thing everyone agrees on is that the most skilled musicians have worked hard to get there.
While it’s true that a few of us had enough “talent” to avoid extra practice to do just as well as those who did, those who worked hard easily beat us. It is, in fact, very likely that if some of us “talented ones” had actually been practicing and improving our skill, we would have achieved a whole different level.
Another aspect of talent seems to be heart and passion (酷爱). The people I see who are the most talented musicians are crazy about music. They eat, breathe, and live music and they make an extraordinary effort to make it part of their lives. As Remus Badea said, desire for the musician-to-be is significant for them to be successful. This desire is easily found in those considered to be talented. When you want and love something so bad, it drives you and your entire character can be shaped around it. Such determined passion seems to produce incredible skill and talent.
The third aspect (方面) of talent is having talent around you. When surrounded by talented musicians, it only seems natural that you start to catch up to their level Take a look at almost any group of musicians in history. The more talented people in the group the more talented the group is as a whole. A great example of this is the relationship between audio producer and artist. The artist turns up to the studio with their song, and as they work through recording it, the audio producer will often suggest various changes to the song to make it better.
28．What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A．Pride goes before a fall.
B．It’s never too old to learn.
C．Practice contributes to talent.
D．Talent determines achievements.
29．What is the key to success according to Remus Badea
A．Passion. B．Character . C．Skill. D．Talent.
30．Why is the example mentioned in the last paragraph
A．To introduce what real talents are.
B．To explain how a song is composed.
C．To prove talents need team spirit.
D．To show the benefits of being with talents.
31．What might the author probably agree with
A．Music has no limits.
B．Musicians are born with talent.
C．Music favors the talented.
D．Musicians are created, not born.
A young woman was walking in Santa Ana, California, when she came upon an elderly street vendor (小贩) selling tamales (玉米粉蒸肉). Seeing how tired he looked in his wheelchair, she decided to give him a few bucks and a sandwich—and she also gave him a sympathetic ear to listen to his story.
When Kenia Barragan first saw Jose Villa Ochoa, she thought of her own parents. “I felt for him,” she told KTTV News, “My parents are both older, and I would hate to see my dad out selling tamales for somebody and barely making ends meet.”
Known as “Don Joel”, he explained that although he wanted a job, no company would hire him because of his age. In order to keep himself out of debt, he started to sell tamales cooked by a local woman. At the end of each hard day, she would give him a cut of the earnings. This allowed him to buy food, but was not enough for him to afford his medical treatment or a phone.
The 28-year-old woman was happy to listen to Don Joel’s story, but she wanted to do more. She made an appeal to her followers on Instagram for some assistance. Within a week, friends and strangers flooded her with more than $84 000 in donations.
In addition to the money raised for Don Joel’s retirement, Kenia purchased him a new wheelchair and a shiny new pair of shoes. Even though he’s 94, he says he feels like he’s 40 now, because the kindness has made him feel so alive. He describes the generosity as “life-changing”.
Kenia feels exactly the same way. She says she’s always looking for a purpose that helps people and that she’s been living in line with those values in her current job, working with people who have disabilities to get them transportation. Her goal in life is to establish a homeless shelter.
32．Why did Don Joel sell tamales
A．To buy a new wheelchair. B．To struggle for a living.
C．To pay off his medical debt. D．To help a local woman.
33．How did Kenia change Don Joel’s life
A．By establishing a homeless shelter. B．By giving him money and sandwiches.
C．By collecting donations on Instagram. D．By listening to his story attentively.
34．What can we infer about Kenia in the text
A．She disliked her father because of his job.
B．She is a wealthy woman ready to help others.
C．She helped Don Joel when she was 40 years old.
D．She is a kind woman aiming to do more charity.
35．What does the author want to tell us
A．Rose given, fragrant in hand. B．The best hearts are always the bravest.
C．No pain, no gain. D．Sharp tools make good work.
The first wave of a new class of anti-aging drugs have begun human testing. These drugs won't let you live longer but aim to treat specific illnesses by slowing a fundamental process of aging.
The drugs are called senolytics—they work by removing certain cells that accumulate as we age. Known as “senescent” cells, they can create low-level inflammation (炎症) that prevents normal systems of living cells repair and creates a poisonous environment for neighboring cells.
In June, San Francisco - based Unity Biotechnology reported initial results in patients with mild to severe osteoarthritis (关节炎) of the knee. Results from a larger clinical trial are expected in the second half of this year. The company is also developing similar drugs to treat age-related diseases of the eyes and lungs, among other conditions.
Senolytics are now in human tests, along with a number of other promising approaches targeting the biological processes that lie at the root of aging and various diseases.
A company called Alkahest injects patients with components found in young people's blood and says it hopes to stop conscious and functional decline in patients suffering from mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. The company also has drugs for Parkinson's and dementia in human testing.
And in December, researchers at Drexel University College of Medicine even tried to see if a cream including the immune-suppressing drug could slow aging in human skin.
The tests reflect researchers' expanding efforts to learn if the many diseases associated with getting older- such as heart diseases, arthritis, cancer, and dementia- can be dealt with to delay their outbreak.
36．Why do the researchers develop the drugs
A．To rid inflammation. B．To lengthen people's life.
C．To treat age-related diseases. D．To remove cancer cells.
37．What does the underlined word “senescent” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Repairing. B．Cycling. C．Aging. D．Dividing.
38．How does the text mainly develop
A．By listing data. B．By providing details.
C．By making comparisons. D．By analyzing causes.
39．Where is this text most likely from
A．A diary. B．A guidebook. C．A novel. D．A magazine.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Julia began her second year as a first grade teacher in an online classroom. One September afternoon, she received a call from and Cynthia, who was having technical difficulties with her granddaughter's tools for online learning.
Julia immediately knew something was wrong with Cynthia. The two women had spoken many times before, but Julia had never heard she sounded like this. Her words were so jumbled that Julia could barely understand her. Julia called her headmaster, Charlie, who convinced her that he would call and check on Cynthia himself.
Just like Julia, Charlie could barely understand Cynthia. He suspected she might be having a stroke (中风) — he recognized the signs from when his own father had suffered one. Charlie immediately became concerned that Cynthia's two grandchildren, ages six and eight, were probably home alone with her and scared. Charlie asked his office manager to send an ambulance to the grandmother's home.
The quick response from Julia and Charlie saved Cynthia's life. She arrived at the hospital in time to get treatment before long-term damage occurred. Thanks to an extended stay in the hospital, she has regained most of the movement throughout her body except for one hand and a region of her mouth.
“I'm proud of the people I work with, that they responded so quickly and that it did make a difference to Cynthia,” says Julia. “I am so pleased to be part of such a caring community.” But the school's crisis response is only one piece of the community's extraordinary efforts to help Cynthia and her granddaughters. Another family with young children took in the two girls.
Virtual learning has been a challenge across the country, but it's fair to say that it has helped the community grow closer. Many teachers there gave their personal phone numbers to students and families in case they needed extra help. In this case, the exchange was literally life-altering.
40．Cynthia called Julia in order to .
A．complain about the poor contents of online learning
B．consult about her granddaughter's academic performance
C．seek some help for lack of certain technical knowledge
D．volunteer her services as a teacher in an online classroom
41．The underlined word “jumbled” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .
A．brief
B．unclear
C．gentle
D．impolite
42．How did Charlie decide that Cynthia might have suffered a stroke
A．By recalling his own previous sufferings from the disease.
B．By using his professional knowledge to form the judgment.
C．By combining Julia's call with the granddaughters' description.
D．By identifying the symptoms that a stroke patient may have.
43．What does the author think of virtual leaning
A．It has caused much inconvenience to parents.
B．It will bring about unavoidable leak of privacy.
C．It has provided more benefits than challenges.
D．It needs technical guidance to be highly effective.
Young children who have experienced compassionate (有同情心的) love and empathy (认同感) from their mothers may be more willing to turn thoughts into action by being generous to others, a University of California, Davis’ study suggests.
In lab studies, children tested at ages 4 and 6 showed more willingness to give up the tokens (代金券) they had earned to fictional children in need when two conditions were present—if they showed bodily changes when given the opportunity to share and had experienced positive parenting that modeled such kindness. The study initially included 74 preschool-age children and their mothers. They were invited back two years later, resulting in 54 mother-child pairs whose behaviors and reactions were analyzed when the children were 6.
“At both ages, children with better physiological regulation and with mothers who expressed stronger compassionate love were likely to donate more of their earnings,” said Paul Hastings, UC Davis professor of psychology. “Compassionate mothers likely develop emotionally close relationships with their children while also providing an early example of satisfying the needs of others,” researchers said in the study, published in November in Frontiers in Psychology” Emotion Science.
In each lab exercise, after attaching a monitor to record children’s heart-rate activity, the examiner told the children they would be earning tokens for a variety of activities, and that the tokens could be turned in for a prize. The tokens were put into a box, and each child eventually earned 20 prize tokens. Then before the session ended, children were told they could donate all or part of their tokens to other children.
Taken together, the findings showed that children’s generosity is supported by the combination of their socialization experiences—their mothers’ compassionate love—and their physiological regulation, and that these work like “internal and external supports for the ability to act prosocially that build on each other”.
In addition to observing the children’s propensity (习性) to donate their game earnings, Hastings suggested that “being in a calmer state after sharing could reinforce (加强) the generous behavior that produced that good feeling.”
44．How do young children loved by their mother tend to become in later years
A．Considerate. B．Emotional.
C．Generous. D．Optimistic.
45．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．The process of the research. B．The result of the experiment.
C．The reactions of the children. D．The importance of Mom’s love.
46．According to Hastings, what factor could strengthen children’s good behaviors
A．Their moms love them deeply. B．They donate the tokens easily.
C．They behave physiologically. D．They are calmer after sharing.
47．What is probably the best title of this passage
A．What Contributes to Generosity
B．The More You Give, the Calmer You Will Be
C．Do You Prefer to Receive or Give
D．More Giving, Less Receiving
Nearly everyone knows eBay is a website where you can buy and sell pretty much anything. There are other Internet auction (拍卖) sites, but none come close to eBay for brand-name recognition. And for good reason: eBay is the largest English-language online auction site in the world. Buyers come to eBay for the best chance of finding the particular thing they want. Sellers come for the largest pool of buyers, which they hope means the best chance of selling at the highest possible price.
Buying things on eBay is pretty simple. You can type a term into the search field, or click through the categories list to get to what you want. Inside an individual item listing, you’ll see the current asking price, and a little button to click if you wish to place your own bid. Enter a price, occasionally come back to see if someone has bid higher than you and wait for the end of the auction period. If your bid is the highest, you win! Now all you have to do is arrange payment and shipping method with the seller. eBay is only in the business of putting buyers and sellers together for a small fee from the seller. It doesn’t handle the actual payment or shipping of goods. In other words, it isn’t a big department store, or a warehouse. It’s the owner of a flea market, and you have to do your own deals with the individual sellers in their virtual stalls.
To be a skillful eBay buyer, you should learn when to trust sellers and how a proxy (代理人) bid can save you from going online every half-hour to up your bid. Experienced eBay users also know how to use escrows (公正托管) to guarantee goods, and how to avoid selling tricks such as fake bids that push up prices. The more often you buy on eBay, the more you learn.
48．Why is eBay the best website for people to buy and sell things
A．Because it has all brand products.
B．Because the trade language is English.
C．Because sellers and buyers can close their deals.
D．Because sellers can find a swimming pool there.
49．What should you do first if you want to buy something at the site
A．Find the current asking price.
B．Click a button to place your own bid.
C．Enter a price which is higher than others.
D．Find what you want in the categories list.
50．What should the buyer do if he/she wins the bid
A．Get goods from eBay.
B．Determine payment and shipment.
C．Send somebody for the goods.
D．Talk about the price of the goods.
51．What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph
A．How to be a skillful buyer at eBay.
B．How to make sure of qualified goods.
C．How to avoid being cheated by others.
D．How to spare you from going online frequently.
The use of AI (artificial intelligence) is becoming more common in many branches of industry and online shopping. Traditional lines of work, such as goods transport and driving, are developing in a similar direction although mainly out of public view. Scientists at the University of G ttingen have now investigated how efficient (高效的) the use of AI can be in the commercial management of trucks.
“Digital applications—as well as machine leaning, a kind of AI—are increasingly applied to operations and courses in the transport area,” explains Professor Matthias Klumpp from the Faculty of Economics. “The question in the commercial area, however, is whether or not this contributes to achieving goals.”
To answer this question, the researchers compared the work efficiency of truck drivers with their main use of AI applications. Looking at trade delivery by truck, they studied three groups: the first drove completely following human decision-making models; the second used a combination of human and machine; and the third depended completely on fully automated decisions.
The researchers found that an intelligent combination of human work and decision-making abilities with AI applications promises the highest transport and driving efficiency. “On average, the second group achieved the most efficient transport trips, with the fewest interventions (干预) and off-course from the best path.” one researcher said, “Clearly, neither a completely human decision-making structure nor a fully automated driving system can promise to meet current goods transport requirements.” The scientists therefore summarized that despite the progress of AI in the field of transportation by truck, human experience and decision-making abilities will still be necessary in the longer term. However, the challenge is that a wide range of training and qualification (资格) needs will come along by working with Al applications, especially for simple goods transport activities.
52．What does Matthias Klumpp focus on
A．The efficiency of AI.
B．The advantages of AI.
C．The problems caused by AI.
D．The wide applications of AI.
53．How did the researchers get the finding
A．By providing examples.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By using different trucks.
D．By listing three experiments.
54．What can we know from the last paragraph
A．Al is better at making decisions.
B．A balance is needed between human and AI.
C．Human will soon be replaced by AI in driving.
D．Al applications meet the current requirements.
55．What is the best title for the text
A．The future of transport.
B．Artificial intelligence as a co-driver.
C．Artificial intelligence-a better choice in driving.
D．The strengths of artificial intelligence in transport.
Just as a hungry brain craves (渴望) food, a lonely brain craves people. A new brain study demonstrates this. After being left alone, it shows people's brains would be activated at the sight of other people. The action was in the same brain region that speeds up when a hungry person sees food.
Livia Tomova, a neuroscientist, who studies how the brain produces mental activities, and her colleagues began this study. They recruited (招募) 40 people. On one day, the participants had to fast—not eat anything at all—for 10 hours. On another day, the same people were placed in a room for 10 hours. They couldn't see anyone. No friends, no family and no social media. They weren't even allowed to check their email. After both days, Tomova and her colleagues put the people in a MRI machine. It shows activity in the brain by tracking how much blood is flowing to each region.
At the end of each day, the participants showed high activity in a brain area called the midbrain. The scientists were interested in two, small areas within it. Both areas produce dopamine, a chemical that is important in craving and rewards. The two areas activated when hungry participants saw pictures of tasty pizza or juicy hamburgers. After the volunteers had been isolated, those brain areas became active when they saw social activities they missed. It might be playing sports or chatting with friends.
The midbrain plays an important part in people's motivation to seek food or friends. In fact, it responds to food and social signals even when people aren't hungry or lonely. But hunger and loneliness increased the reactions and made people's responses specific to the thing they were missing. And the more hunger or isolation the volunteers said they were experiencing, the stronger the activity in this part of the brain. Tomova and her colleagues published their results November 23 in Nature Neuroscience.
56．How does Tomova test out the result of the study
A．By stimulating desire. B．By controlling blood flow.
C．By monitoring brain activity. D．By examining mental activities.
57．What do we know about midbrain
A．It consists of two areas. B．It helps motivate desire for food.
C．It stops working when people are full. D．It decreases responses to lost friends.
58．What does the underlined “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．A midbrain area. B．A social activity. C．A volunteer. D．A hamburger.
59．What can be the best title for the text
A．Dopamine—a Sure Sign of Age B．Midbrain—a Nest for the Thoughts
C．Hunger Makes Mental Health Struggle D．Loneliness Makes Our Brains Need People
THE BEST BOOKS OF 2020
In our efforts to increase and spread knowledge, we highly recommend these titles issued this year.
You Never Forget Your First: A Biography of George Washington
Treating the first president’s masculinity (刚毅) as a ‘‘previous conclusion”, historian Alexis Coe explores lesser-known aspects of Washington’s life, from his interest in animal husbandry (畜牧业) to his role as a father figure.
All We Can Save: Truth, Courage, and Solutions for the Climate Crisis
Johnson, a marine biologist and the founder of Ocean Collective, and Wilkinson, the editor in chief of Project Drawdown edited appealing pieces on climate change crafted by 60 women. The collection, All We Can Save, showcases a diverse range of experts, all working to tackle climate issues in powerful ways.
Feasting Wild: In Search of the Last Untamed Food
Gina Rae La Cerva travels the globe in search of some of the planet’s last truly wild foods. Her journey takes her to a place in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where she investigates the “bush meat" trade that is common in the region’s rainforest and results in the illegal hunting of wild animals.
The Man Who Ate Too Much: The Life of James Beard
James Beard Award-winning author, John Birdsall writes this book to show a more complete picture of Beard’s life, examining the cook’s use of coded language in early cookbooks. The language itself is as rich as Beard’s fried chicken.
60．What can we learn from You Never Forget Your First
A．Washington’s wide interests.
B．Washington’s masculinity as a father.
C．Some popular aspects of Washington’s life.
D．Some unfamiliar aspects of Washington’s life.
61．Which book should you read if you want to know the topic about climate problems
A．Feasting Wild. B．All We Can Save.
C．You Never Forget Your First. D．The Man Who Ate Too Much.
62．What is the similarity between Feasting Wild and The Man Who Ate Too Much
A．Foods are both mentioned. B．Both are about traveling.
C．Their languages are vivid. D．Their authors are famous.
At 88, I remain a competitive runner. The finish line of my life is drawing close, and I hope to reach it having given the best of myself along the way. I’ve been training my body to meet the demands of this final stretch. But, I wonder, should I have asked more of my mind
If I didn’t exercise, I would release the hungry beasts that seek their elderly prey on couches, but not in the gym. The more I sweated, the more likely it was my doctor would continue to say, “Keep doing what you’re doing, and I’ll see you next year.” My mind, on the other hand, seems less willing to give in to discipline. I have tried Internet “brain games”, solving algebraic problems flashing past and changing the route of virtual trains to avoid crashes. But these never approach my determination to remain physically fit as I move deeper into old age.
Though I have many friends in their 70s, 80s and 90s, I’ve been far too slow to realize that how we respond to aging is a choice made in the mind, not in the gym. Some of my healthiest friends carry themselves as victims abused by time. Other friends, many, whose aching knees and hips are the least of their physical problems, find comfort in their ability to accept old age as just another stage of life to deal with. I would use the world “heroic” to describe the way they cope with aging.
One such friend recently called from a hospital to tell me a sudden brain disease had made him legally blind. He interrupted me as I began telling him how terribly sorry I was: “Bob, it could have been worse. I could have become dead instead of blind.”
In spite of all the time I spend lifting weights and exercising, I realized I lack the strength to have said those words. It suddenly struck me that I’ve paid a price for being a “gym rat”. If there is one characteristic common to friends who are aging with a graceful acceptance of life’s attacks, it is contentment. Aging had to be more than what I saw in a mirror.
But rather than undertaking a fundamental change in the way I face aging. I felt the place to begin would be to start small. A recent lunch provided a perfect example.
I’ve always found it extremely difficult to concentrate when I’m in a noisy setting. At this lunch with a friend in an outdoor restaurant, a landscaper began blowing leaves from underneath the bushes surrounding our table. Typically, after such a noisy interruption, I would have snapped, “let’s wait until he’s finished!. ”, then fallen silent. When the roar(吼叫)eventually faded, my roar would have drained(消耗)the conversation of any warmth. It troubled me that even a passing distraction(分心)could so easily take me from enjoying lunch with a good friend to a place that gave me no pleasure at all. I wanted this meal to be different.
My years in gyms had taught me to shake off pains and other distractions, never permitting them to stop my workout or run. I decided to treat the noise this way. I continued talking with my friend, challenging myself to hear the noise, but to hold it at a distance. The discipline was so familiar to me in the gym—this time applied to my mind— proved equally effective in the restaurant. It was as though I had taken my brain to a mental fitness center.
Learning to ignore a leaf blower’s roar hardly equips me to find contentment during my passage into ever-deeper old age. But I left the lunch feeling I had at least taken a small first step in changing behavior that stood in the way of that contentment.
Could I employ that same discipline to accept with dignity the unavoidable decline awaiting me like the finish line Hoping that contentment will guide me as I make my way along the path yet to be travelled.
63．The author’s question in Paragraph 1 implies that ________.
A．he feels unsatisfied with the result of the brain games.
B．he has never believed the necessity of mind training.
C．He has realized he should mentally prepare for aging.
D．he feels regret for not sharpening his thinking skills
64．What can we learn from the author’s friend mentioned in Paragrph 4
A．He takes physical illnesses as they come.
B．He fears that his illness will become worse.
C．He needs to find a way through those hardships.
D．He sees life as a series of disappointments.
65．After that recent lunch, the author realized that ________.
A．he had made small changes to adapt to aging.
B．the restaurant was not an ideal place for eating
C．distractions were not uncommon in everything life.
D．his roar had spoiled the friendly conversation.
66．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage
A．Benefits of Regular Exercise
B．Old Age Hate and Blessing
C．Never Too Old to Learn
D．The Secret to Aging Well
After beating bone cancer, Hayley Arceneaux thinks rocketing into orbit on SpaceX’s first private flight should be no problem at all. St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital announced the 29-year-old doctor’s assistant will rocket into space later this year.
Arceneaux, a former patient at St. Jude, will become the youngest American in space, beating NASA record-holder Sally Ride by over two years. She will travel with businessman Jared Isaacman, who is using the spaceflight he bought to raise money for charity. Two other yet-to-be-chosen space flyers will join them. Arceneaux will be the first person to launch with a prosthesis an artificial device that replaces a missing or injured part of the body. When she was 10, Arceneaux had an operation at St. Jude to replace her knee and a piece of metal was put in her left leg. She still limps and has occasional leg pain.
“My battle with cancer really prepared me for space travel,” she recently told The Associated Press. “It made me tough, and then also I think it really taught me to expect the unexpected and go along for the ride.” Arceneaux wants to show her young patients and other cancer survivors that “the sky is not even the limit anymore.” “It’s going to mean so much to these kids to see a survivor in space.” she said.
Isaacman announced his space flight on February 1, promising to raise $200 million for St. Jude. As the flight’s self-appointed commander, he offered one of the four seats aboard SpaceX’s Dragon spacecraft to St. Jude. The hospital chose Arceneaux from among its many workers who had once been patients. The idea was that one of them could represent the new generation, noted Rick Shadyac, president of St. Jude’s financing organization.
Arceneaux was at home in Memphis, Tennessee, when she got a surprising call in January. She was asked if she would represent St. Jude in space. As a lifelong space fan who loves adventures, Arceneaux has traveled widely and loves roller coasters. Isaacman, who flies fighter airplanes for fun, considers her a perfect fit. The launch is planned for this fall at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center, with the spacecraft orbiting Earth for two to four days.
67．Which statement is true about Hayley Arceneaux
A．She works where she used to be a patient.
B．She is an adventure hater.
C．She is the youngest American in space.
D．She is the first woman space flyer.
68．What’s the correct order for what happened to Hayley Arceneaux
a. She received a surprising call. b. She was diagnosed with a serious disease.
c. She was chosen to rocket into space. d. She was operated on at St.Jude.
A．a c d b B．b c d a C．b d a c D．c a b d
69．What’s the purpose of the space flight
A．To carry out medical research.
B．To explore space.
C．To expect the unexpected.
D．To collect money.
70．How can we describle Hayley Arceneaux
A．Generous and strong.
B．Caring and optimistic.
C．Brave and honest.
D．Patient and representative.
It’s common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting seems to look back at viewers, following them with her eyes no matter where they are in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrong.
A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle of 15.4° off to the viewer’s right — well outside the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. In other words, said the study author, Horstmann, “She’s not looking at you.”
This is ironic (讽刺), because the entire phenomenon of a person’s gaze (凝视) in a photograph or painting seeming to follow the viewer is called the “Mona Lisa effect”, which is absolutely real. If a person is illustrated or photographed looking straight ahead, even people viewing the portrait from an angle will feel they are being looked at. As long as the angle of the person’s gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs.
Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars (虚拟头像) when Horstmann took a long look at the “Mona Lisa” and realized she wasn’t looking at him.
To make sure it wasn’t just him, the researchers gathered 24 people to view images of the “Mona Lisa” on a computer screen. They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants to note which number on the ruler intersected (相交) Mona Lisa’s gaze. To calculate the angle of Mona Lisa’s gaze as she looked at the viewer, they moved the ruler farther from or closer to the screen during the study. Consistently, the researchers found, participants judged that the woman in the “Mona Lisa” portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly off to their right.
So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer Horstmann isn’t sure. It’s possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first coined the term “Mona Lisa effect” just thought it was a cool name.
71．It is generally believed that the woman in the painting “Mona Lisa” ________.
A．attracts the viewers to look back
B．seems mysterious because of her eyes
C．fixes her eyes on the back of the viewers
D．looks at observers wherever they stand
72．What did the new study find
A．The Mona Lisa effect does not really exist.
B．The mystery of the woman’s smile in the painting.
C．The angle of the gaze in Mona Lisa effect.
D．Mona Lisa effect does not occur with Mona Lisa.
73．The experiment involving 24 people was conducted to ________.
A．confirm Horstmann’s belief
B．create artificial-intelligence avatars
C．calculate the angle of Mona Lisa’s gaze
D．show how the Mona Lisa effect can be applied
74．What can we learn from the passage
A．Horstmann thinks it cool to coin the term “Mona Lisa effect”.
B．The Mona Lisa effect contributes to the creation of artificial intelligence.
C．Feeling being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attention.
D．The position of the ruler in the experiment will influence the viewers’ judgement.
China was a latecomer to space exploration, and in the movies, it has been a latecomer to science fiction. That has probably changed.
The country’s first blockbuster (大片) set in space, The Wandering Earth, opened in February amid high expectations that it would represent the beginning of a new era in Chinese filmmaking. Shown in 3D, The Wandering Earth takes place in a distant future in which the sun is about to expand into a red giant and devour (吞食) the Earth. The approaching danger forces the world’s engineers to work out a plan to move the planet to a new solar system. Things go very badly when Earth has to pass Jupiter, setting off a desperate fight to save humanity from being totally destroyed.
The Wandering Earth is adapted from a short novel by Liu Cixin, the writer who has led a renaissance in science fiction in China. His works are great epics (史诗) and deeply researched. Translating them into movies would challenge any filmmaker, as the director of The Wandering Earth, Guo Fan, admitted.
Guo noted that Chinese Studios had been cautious about investing the resources required to make convincing science-fiction. The budget for The Wandering Earth reportedly reached nearly $50 million— modest by Hollywood standards but still significant in China. “I really hope this movie will not lose money at least,” said Guo before the movie’s release. The popularity of Liu’s novels could help. So could the fact that China has reached a milestone in space: the landing of a probe (航天探测器) on the far side of the moon in January. Although decades behind Russia and the United States, China has now put astronauts in orbit and has ambitious plans to join---or even lead---a new age of space exploration.
Unlike some typical Hollywood movies, The Wandering Earth does not feature a world-saving hero. The fight to save Earth is fought instead by a group. A vision of international cooperation to cope with the threats facing the Earth is a theme that runs deeply through Liu’s fiction.
75．What message does the success of the movie The Wandering Earth convey
A．It lives up to the audience’s high expectations.
B．It marks a new height of the Chinese filmmaking industry.
C．It displays China’s ambition to lead space exploration.
D．It sets new and higher standards for Chinese movies.
76．The Wandering Earth achieved great success because of ________.
A．giant investment of Chinese studios B．the high reputation of the film director
C．China’s advances in space exploration D．the deep research and world-saving theme
77．What might be the best title of the passage
A．A New Era for Space Exploration Begins
B．A Film Based on Liu Cixin’s Novel Enjoys Great Popularity
C．China’s First Space-Themed Film Features Cooperation
D．China’s Film Industry Eventually Joins the Space Race
参考答案：
1．A
2．D
3．C
4．A
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要分析了名人做慈善的利与弊。
1．词句猜测题。第一段划线词所在句“She pointed out that famous faces had played a significant role in raising funds in recent years, and their energies had produced tangible results, such as enabling millions of children in poorer countries to attend school.(她指出，名人近年来在筹集资金方面发挥了重要作用，他们的精力产生了切实的成果，比如让贫困国家的数百万儿童上学)”中的“such as enabling millions of children in poorer countries to attend school”部分表明，名人们在慈善方面的努力取得了实在的成果，所以可以推测tangible意为“切实的，实在的”。A. Definite.确切的；B. Complicated.复杂的；C. Limited.有限的；D. Temporary.暂时的。所以A选项和划线词词义最接近，B、C、D都不符合。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Instead, the majority of people contribute because of personal connections in their lives and families which make a charity important to them.(相反，大多数人捐款是因为他们生活和家庭中的私人关系，这使得慈善对他们很重要)”可知，大多数人向慈善机构捐款是因为他们受到周围人的鼓舞。故选D项。
3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Only two per cent of respondents said they were motivated by celebrity endorsement. This seems to contradict the general assumption that teenagers are particularly influenced by famous people.(只有2%的受访者说他们受到名人代言的激励。这似乎与一般的假设相矛盾，即青少年特别容易受到名人的影响)”可知，与一般的假设相反的是，青年人几乎不会受到名人的影响，余下内容“One possible explanation is that…There is also a suspicion that…Some critics have accused that…”则主要讲述了原因，所以第三段主要讲述青少年几乎不受名人影响的原因。故选C项。
4．推理判断题。文章前面主要讲述了名人做慈善带来的切实的成果以及被夸大的现象，最后一段“So taking all these issues into account, is it time for charities to rethink their campaign strategies and look for alternative ways to reach new audiences ... This in turn will open up more engagement, and better targeted campaigns-which can only benefit those who really matter — the people and animals that are in need of assistance.(因此，考虑到所有这些问题，慈善机构是否应该重新考虑他们的竞选策略，寻找其他途径来接触新的受众？……这反过来又会促进更多的参与和更有针对性的运动——这只会让真正重要的人受益——那些需要援助的人和动物)”提出慈善机构应该多方考虑，最终目的是使得真正需要的人或动物受益。所以作者是以客观的态度来分析名人做慈善这件事。A. Objective.客观的；B. Positive.积极的；C. Negative.消极的；D. Unclear.不清楚的。故选A项。
5．A
6．A
7．C
8．B
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了机器人Alter 3在Emirate of Sharjah指挥人类管弦乐队演出的情况，人们对此的观点和不同反应。
5．细节理解题。根据第五段“Shibuya noted that sometimes the music-leading robot can "get crazy", making it difficult for the musicians to keep up.(Shibuya指出，有时候，指挥音乐的机器人会“发疯”，让音乐家很难跟上节奏)”和倒数第二段“Shibuya said the robots and AI that exist today are "far from complete". He is interested in studying how such incomplete technology can be combined with art. (Shibuya说目前存在的机器人和人工智能“还远远不够完善”。他对研究这种不完善的技术如何与艺术结合很感兴趣)”可知，Shibuya认为Alter 3目前还不完美，还需要改进。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“"I think this is a very exciting idea…," said Anna Kovacevic. Another audience member, …said after the show, "You know, a human conductor is so much better." …he concluded on the project: "The human touch is lost."”列举的不同观众对机器人指挥人类管弦乐队发表的观点，可知这一表演引起了观众们不同的反应。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据文章后四段中“Shibuya said”，“he said”，“Shibuya added”，“said Anna Kovacevic.”，“Another audience member, who gave his name only as Billum, said”等内容可知，作者在文中只是客观引用了人们对机器人与艺术的结合的看法，并没有发表自己的观点。所以作者的态度是客观的，故选C。
8．主旨大意题。文章前三段介绍了机器人Alter 3指挥人类管弦乐队演出的情况，下文介绍了人们对此的观点和不同反应。B项Robot Conducts Human Orchestra概括了全文内容，适合作为文章标题。故选B。
9．D
10．A
11．B
12．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述毕业舞会的文化和起源。
9．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“It's an important aspect of American school culture because it's the last high-school dance seniors will ever attend.”（ 这是美国学校文化的一个重要方面，因为这是高年级学生最后一次参加高中舞会。）第二段“Prom entails (牵涉) countless traditions. ”（ 舞会需要无数的传统。）和第三段“The history of prom can be traced back to the last half of the 1800s.”（ 毕业舞会的历史可以追溯到19世纪后半叶。）可知这篇文章主要讲述了舞会的文化和起源，故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段“First a guy must ask a girl to go to prom with him. Most guys choose to do special prom proposals in hopes of winning the girl's heart with their creativity. Then he will rent a tuxedo (燕尾服), and the girl will often get their hair, nails and makeup done professionally. That night couples will take pictures, and then they will often take a limousine (豪华轿车) to dinner and to the dance. ”（ 首先，男生必须邀请女生和他一起去毕业舞会。大多数男生会选择做一些特别的舞会求婚，希望用他们的创造力赢得女孩的心。然后他会租一件燕尾服，女孩会经常让专业人员做头发、指甲和化妆。那天晚上，情侣们会拍照，然后他们通常会乘坐豪华轿车去吃饭和参加舞会。）可知，参加舞会的人员都很注重外表，故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据第三段“At that time, American universities and colleges organized dances each year for their graduating students. The purpose was not only to entertain the students but also to prepare them for the wider world by teaching them proper manners for men and women. ”（当时，美国的大学和学院每年都为他们的毕业生组织舞会。其目的不仅是为了使学生快乐，而且通过教导他们正确的礼仪，使他们为更广阔的世界做准备。）可知当时的毕业生舞会为不仅是为了使学生快乐，还要教导他们正确的礼仪，也就是如何在他人面前表现，故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Perhaps the most amazing prom took place in 1975, when Susan Ford, the daughter of the country's president, received permission to hold her high school's prom at the White House. So far, no other prom has managed to top that. ”（ 最令人惊叹的毕业舞会可能发生在1975年，当时美国总统的女儿苏珊·福特(Susan Ford)获准在白宫举办她的高中毕业舞会。到目前为止，还没有其他毕业舞会能超越这一水平。）根据常识可知白宫是美国政府所在地，所以40多年前曾在官方府邸举行了一场特别的舞会，故选A。
13．A
14．B
15．A
16．D
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了Felipe Perez Santiago和Tarter女士设计了“地球计划”——号召世界各地的人们上传歌曲的片段，将这些歌曲融合成人类的集体合唱，代表地球上物种的声音被发送到太空。
13．细节理解题。根据首段最后一句“Thus, for the first time, SETI is cocking its ear towards Earth to look for a signal that can be sent into space to represent the species.”（ SETI首次向地球竖起耳朵，寻找可以送入太空的代表物种的信号。）可知，SETI寻找信号发送到太空是为了代表地球上的物种的声音。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Since songs, like the human voices, are common to all languages and nations, he and Ms. Tarter have designed the “Earthling Project”-a call to people everywhere to upload extracts of song that he plans to melt into a collective human chorus.”（ 因为歌曲，就像人类的声音，对所有语言和国家来说都是共通的，他和塔特女士设计了“地球计划”——号召世界各地的人们上传歌曲的片段，他计划将这些歌曲融合成人类的集体合唱。）可知，地球计划打算创造一个人类的合唱。故选B项。
15．词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句“Distant beings can in theory already enjoy Peruvian panpipes, a Navajo chant, Bach, Beethoven and more.”（ 遥远的生物理论上已经可以欣赏秘鲁的排箫、纳瓦霍的圣歌、巴赫、贝多芬等。）可知，被送到太空的音乐类型很多。再根据划线词所在句的But，可以判断之前的作品没能包含人类歌曲的多样性，故由此可知划线词词义为“包含”，选A项。
16．推理判断题。根据尾段最后一句“Download the “Earthling Project" app, sing up to three songs of 30 seconds each, and your voice will be sent into the sky.”（ 下载“地球计划”应用程序，唱三首歌，每首歌30秒，你的声音就会被发送到太空中。）可知，本段的目的是邀请读者参加地球计划。故选D项。
【点睛】文章意图题目是阅读理解题里的常见题目类型，解答此类题目常常可以根据一些动词迅速得出答案，例如本文的第四题，根据文章最后一句的Download，可知是号召读者下载应用程序，进而参加地球计划。
17．D
18．D
19．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“未来城市竞赛”这一活动的相关内容和参加这一项目需要注意的事项。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段“Teams will design a futuristic lunar city and provide examples of how the city uses Moon resources to keep its residents safe and healthy.（团队将设计一个未来的月球城市，并提供城市如何使用月球资源，以保持其居民的安全和健康的例子。）”可知，在2021年未来城市竞赛中，学生需要利用到月球资源。故选D项。
18．细节理解题。根据What you can learn部分的“This flexible, cross-curricular(跨课程的) educational program gives students an opportunity to do the things that engineers do-identify problems: brainstorm ideas; design solutions; test, retest and build; and share their results. With this at its center, Future City is an engaging way to build students’ 21st century skills.（这种灵活的、跨课程的教育计划让学生有机会做工程师所做的事情——发现问题：头脑风暴；设计解决方案；测试、再测试和构建；并分享他们的成果。以这为中心，未来城市是培养学生21世纪技能的一种引人入胜的方式。）”可知，未来城市竞赛的核心是工程设计过程。故选D项。
19．细节理解题。根据What you need部分的第二段“C阅读理解
A new study suggested that some grandmothers may hold a deeper bond with their grandchildren than their own children. James Riling of Emory University in Atlanta published the study in The Royal Society last week. His team surveyed 50 grandmothers with at least one biological grandchild between three and twelve years old. They also measured the brain function as the participants viewed pictures of their grandchild, an unknown child, the same sex parent of the grandchild and an unknown adult.
Researchers found that grandmothers viewing grandchild pictures activated parts of the brain that involved emotional empathy and movement. In contrast, the study also found that when grandmothers viewed images of their adult child, they showed stronger activation in an area of the brain associated with cognitive empathy (认知同理心). That indicates they may be trying to cognitively understand what their adult child is thinking or feeling, but not as much from the emotional side.
Compared with results from an earlier study by the Rilling lab of fathers viewing photos of their Children, results showed that grandmothers activated more parts of the brain that involved emotional empathy and motivation. That suggests that grandmothers are intended to feel what their grandchildren are feeling when they interact with them.
“In many societies, grandmothers are important caregivers, and their investment is often associated with improved grandchild well-being,” the study’s authors wrote. It’s part of the reason why the US celebrates Grandparents’ Day each year on the first Sunday after Labor Day in September. Former President Jimmy Carter signed the proclamation (公告) in 1978. “Because they are usually free to love and guide and befriend the young without having to take the daily responsibility for them, they can reach out past pride and fear of failure and close the space between generations,” the proclamation read.
1．What can be inferred about the study
A．200 children’s pictures are used.
B．Young couples could be surveyed.
C．The participants’ brains are monitored.
D．Biological child’s picture is sure to be viewed.
2．What might be grandparents doing if their grandchild is smiling
A．Feeling the child’s joy. B．Feeling the child’s distress.
C．Trying to show activation. D．Trying to understand why.
3．Why does the author mention an earlier study in Paragraph 3
A．To give a proof. B．To explain a rule.
C．To clarify a concept. D．To introduce a theory.
4．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning grandparents
A．Their received honor. B．Their disadvantages.
C．Their responsibility. D．Their contribution.
A heartwarming letter written by Yuan Longping, known as“the father of hybrid rice”, has caught people’s eyes as the nation is mourning (悼念) over his passing away. In 2010, at the age 80, Yuan wrote this letter in memory of his late mother, Hua Jing, and many are deeply touched by its sincerity (真情) .
In the letter, entitled“The Rice is Ripe (成熟), Mom”, Yuan recalled the old days with his mother in Anjiang town in Central China’s Hunan province, where his mother was buried in 1989.
Born in a wealthy family in Yangzhou, eastern China’s Jiangsu province, Hua Jing was well educated and open- minded. She taught Yuan English when he was very young. Having never worked in the fields, Hua moved to Anjiang town to support her son’s family and research.
“Mom, the rice is ripe and I come back to Anjiang to see you. .... Every time when I was able to deliver a speech to the audiences from around the world or take a prize in my study, I always thought of you. You made me who I am. People say I’ve changed the world with one tiny rice seed but mom, I know you sowed (播种) the seed in me when I was a little boy.”
5．Why did Yuan Longping write a letter in 2010
A．To honor his mother. B．To attract people’s eyes.
C．To comfort his mother. D．To public his achievements.
6．What moved many people deeply in the letter
A．The seed. B．The emotion. C．The speech. D．The education.
7．What can we know about Hua Jing
A．She was born in a poor family. B．She used to work in the fields.
C．She didn’t get any schooling. D．She moved to Anjiang for her son.
8．What’s the main idea of the last paragraph
A．The speech to the audience. B．The growth in Anjiang.
C．The seed of Yuan’s mother. D．The prize in his study.
Ten years ago, when I was in junior school, Mrs. Amatuli was my language teacher. One day at lunch time, I was getting ready to eat my cold fish sandwich as usual and suddenly Mrs. Amatuli asked me if she could buy the sandwich from me. She explained that I could use the money to buy a hot lunch from the cafeteria. I was very pleased. I never bought my lunch from the cafeteria. It was too expensive for my family, and I always carried my lunch and took the bag back home to use again the next day.
Seeing that other students went to the cafeteria after class, I felt my heart was filled with admiration. You can imagine how pleased I was when I had the opportunity to buy a hot lunch. Kids always complained about the cafeteria food but I really wished to buy it. When we finished lunch that day, Mrs. Amatuli took me aside and explained why she had bought my sandwich. She said she was a Catholic and Catholics didn’t eat red meat on Fridays — they ate fish on Fridays. From then on, every Friday she bought my fish sandwich and with the money I could get in line with other kids for a hot lunch.
One year later, I knew from a classmate that Mrs. Amatuli was not a Catholic and her family was not rich. She bought my cold sandwich because she knew that a poor girl would be excited at the simple act of having a hot lunch. She wanted to help me! I will never forget her sympathy and generosity. I will be grateful to my dear teacher, Mrs. Amatuli, forever.
9．From the passage we can know that ________.
A．Mrs. Amatuli was a Catholic and didn’t eat red meat on Fridays
B．the author was too poor to buy a hot lunch from the cafeteria
C．Mrs. Amatuli bought the author’s cold sandwich every day
D．the author and her classmates all liked the cafeteria food
10．When Amatuli told the author to use the money to buy a hot lunch, the author felt ________.
A．happy B．worried C．disappointed D．surprised
11．Why did the author admire other kids
A．Because they were good at their lessons.
B．Because they could eat the fish sandwich.
C．Because they could carry lunch from home.
D．Because they could buy hot lunches from the cafeteria.
12．Mrs. Amatuli bought the author’s sandwiches in order to ________.
A．save time to prepare for her lessons
B．show the author she liked the fish sandwich
C．let the author buy hot lunch as other kids did
D．make others believe she was a real Catholic
13．From the passage we know a “cafeteria” is ________.
A．a place in the school where students can eat lunch
B．a big restaurant where people can have dinner
C．a shop where kids can buy food and drink
D．the kitchen where one can have a hot lunch
My doctor took me for a walk around the farm where she lives. I was physically and mentally exhausted and discouraged.
The farm was full of life. There were insects, horses, rabbits, and cats. She told me to focus on my body in the environment. When was ill, I intended to escape from the reality. So I expected nothing when meeting the horse named Fira.
As I got closer to Fira, she nuzzled (用鼻子爱抚) her nose into my chest, putting a gentle pressure over my heart. Something happened inside me: I felt as if I had reached a wellspring (源泉) of my fears, hurts and failures. I began to melt emotionally in an uncommon way. I patted Fira’s nose and breathed in her smell. Fira helped me feel loved and safe. After that, I began working with Fira often, learning basic communication and leading methods to work together with her. She connected with me by responding to my emotional state and reflecting it back to me in an open, friendly way.
In my meetings with Fira, I learned to live in the present, to focus on what was happening this day, at this moment, in this place. I learned to forget the past, with all its hurt. I learned to forget the future, which hadn't happened yet. I found deep peace in leading her along the path, by using my own power to judge whether to start, stop, turn left or turn right. I found inner quiet and even joy. My work with this horse was part of a journey out of a very dark night in my soul.
14．What did the author think of Fira at the very beginning
A．Grateful. B．Interested.
C．Worried. D．Unconcerned.
15．What happened when Fira approached the author
A．She felt afraid and Fira hurt her.
B．She realized how to live in the present.
C．She was touched mentally in a special way.
D．She learned basic communication methods with horses.
16．What might be the biggest gain for the author
A．Making friends with a little horse. B．Learning how to live in the future.
C．Spending a good time with the doctor. D．Finding deep peace and inner quiet.
17．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．Animals are the friends of human beings. B．The author recovers with the help of Fira.
C．It is a good idea to get close to nature. D．Some animals have magical abilities.
You have the ability to decide whether you are happy or not. Happiness is a choice.
You can’t depend on someone else to make you happy. That is a lesson I learned early in my marriage. I realized that I couldn’t rely on my husband as my source of happiness. I learned that my happiness depended on myself and not my husband’s actions. I learned that you have to choose to be happy.
You can choose your emotions. True happiness comes from within, and it can’t be forced by outside force. So how do you choose happiness The same way, you choose to smile or choose to wear a certain outfit (一套衣服). You choose it because that’s what you want to experience in your life.
You want to buy a new pair of shoes so you choose a pair that you like and feels good. You wouldn’t buy a pair of shoes that you don’t like or that doesn’t fit well, right So why do we keep choosing emotions and feelings that don’t make us feel good
Choosing to be happy after you realize your anger has shown up (or even choosing to be calm) can be beneficial. We choose our feelings; no one else can do that for us. If we let others get to us, influence our emotions — we are giving them power over us. When others cause us anger or pain, we are giving them our power.
We need to keep our feelings in check(制约)and not to react(反应)immediately to what is thrown at us. We need to think our actions out instead of just reacting to what someone says or does.
Remember that we can always choose happiness. At first it will be difficult to just switch(使转变)your thoughts and feelings from anger, self-doubt, or fear to joy and happiness. But it is only a thought away. Don’t dwell on (细想)what happens to you unnecessarily but realize what is causing you to feel that way.
Realize that thoughts, feelings and emotions can change. Then move on and choose to be happy.
18．What’s the best title of this passage
A．Choose to Be Happy B．Choose Your Friends
C．Pretend to Be Happy D．Find Emotions
19．The lesson the writer learned in her marriage is _________.
A．one can’t depend on someone else to make himself or herself happy
B．balancing the relationship between husband and wife is an art
C．she can depend on her husband to find happiness
D．happiness can be influenced by outside force
20．Why did the writer mention buying shoes
A．To offer advice on how to choose comfortable shoes.
B．To use it as an example to illustrate(阐述)her point of view.
C．To compare choosing shoes and choosing an outfit.
D．To help move to the next paragraph easily.
21．The writer suggests that we need _________.
A．let others control our feelings
B．react immediately to others’ words
C．keep our feelings in check
D．pay more attention to words than actions
What are your favorite stories you learned as a child What stories do you hope your loved ones will tell about you when you aren’t around
Storytellers were once known as “liars”. This was not to say their stories weren’t true. But they were often exaggerated in colorful ways that brought a story to life.
I grew up in a family of “liars”. They all told stories. And I grew up to earn my living by writing stories. The stories I write about my family are always true. But I can’t always be sure of every detail, so I rely on imagination to fill in the gaps.
My grandmother’s stories changed a bit each time she told them, and I smiled at how her changes made a story better. I loved hearing her stories. And my grandchildren seem to love hearing mine.
“Tell it again, Nana!” they say. I do, and they start laughing before I get to the funny part. Recently, they begged to hear a Halloween story I’ve told countless times. Here it is:
Once upon a time, when I was 10, my mother told me to make costumes (服装) and take my brothers to go trick-or-treating. Denton was 4. He looked like a monkey. Joe was 6 and totally blind. I threw a sheet over his head but forgot to tell him he was a ghost (鬼).
We knocked on the first door and waited. The door flew open, and we all shouted, “Trick-or-treat!” Mrs. Fisher patted Joe’s head through the sheet and said, “What a cute little ghost!”
And Joe yelled (叫喊), “I am not a ghost!”
True story. My grandchildren love it. They beg me to tell it again and again.
I hope to tell them more stories as they grow older. I want them to remember me and the big, crazy family I grew up in. Stories are the unbreakable threads that bind generations together, tell us who we are and give us hope.
My grandchildren have never met their “Great Uncle Joe”, but they won’t soon forget him. To them, he will always be, not a ghost, but very lovable.
22．Why did the author say she grew up in a family of liars
A．Because her family were good at telling lies.
B．Because their stories were not true.
C．Because all her family told stories.
D．Because her grandmother would often change her stories.
23．What can we know from the article
A．Some family members often lie to one another.
B．Stories may make one remembered in a way.
C．Joe was the youngest child in the family.
D．Joe liked to be called a ghost.
24．What can be the best title of the article
A．Living on through stories B．Great Uncle Joe
C．Family liars D．Grandma’s stories
Expressing emotions is difficult as it's not always encouraged in society. People rely on comfort zones and a secure mask to get them through the day. You may wonder, "Why am I so sad " and not know how to answer that question. We ignore warning signs of sadness, depression and other forms of suffering because we cannot be open about such feelings in society. It shouldn't be something we are afraid of. With the release of emotion, we find who we want to be and quickly to a previous good condition. Sadness is one emotion of many. But it is often the one most ignored. We don’t want to appear weak to others.
Sadness is different from depression. Typically, sadness comes and goes, while depression holds us down for long. When feeling sad, you are most likely feeling alone, helpless and hopeless. But depression lasts almost nonstop at a depth that can overrule your behavior.
We feel it our duty to be our own heroes. We feel like we need to hold on rather than let go and let others in. When this happens, sadness increases, and we are no longer engaged with those we love. When sadness hits, we have to tell someone and build a support system. You just need to allow others to see your weaknesses, which aren't even true weaknesses. Feeling sad is not a weakness. Holding back in an effort to appear strong is, however, a weakness.
When people know what you're going through, they can better assist you.
Our sadness does not show what we are worth. It only tells us the story we tell ourselves. And when we change that story, we can breathe. We start to realize we deserve to be happy. Self talk like "I am worth it" is sending message of love and hope to ourselves when the world fails to do so for you.
25．What can be inferred from the first paragraph
A．People tend to release bad emotions. B．People express their emotions easily.
C．People usually hide their emotions. D．People often lose control of emotions.
26．How is sadness different from depression
A．Depression is easier to recover. B．Sadness lasts for shorter periods.
C．Depression leads to hopelessness. D．Sadness can overrule people's behavior.
27．What is a weakness according to the author
A．Turning to others for help. B．Pretending to be strong.
C．Admitting our weaknesses. D．Telling the truth to someone,
28．What does the author suggest in the last paragraph
A．Sending ourselves positive messages. B．Asking others for advice.
C．Keeping the sad stories in mind. D．Learning from our own past experience
Have you ever had a stressful day And on these high-pressure days, many people might find themselves reaching for a sugary snack. Perhaps this is part of their daily routine. Or perhaps on this particular day, heir self-control is a bit low and they want to take a sugar hit.
Stress is natural. That feeling of pressure is a biological response, and under the right circumstances can be a great source of motivation. However, too much stress, has been linked to sleep disruption, heart-attack, ulcer or depression, among other things. But why should stress make a person comfort eat
When we become stressed, our bodies enter “fight or flight” mode. Because our body believes it’s under attack, it releases glucose (葡萄糖) into the blood to provide energy for muscles. However, if we don’t use that energy, our body then releases insulin (胰岛素) to make the blood sugar levels drop. This drop causes a hunger response: you want to eat. And what you particularly want is sugary food, which rapidly refills the energy you have lost. If this happens repeatedly, over a long enough period, these high-calorie foods can lead to obesity.
So what can we do to fight the stress Dr Michael Mosley recommends exercise, gardening, mindfulness or other activities you enjoy. But his strongest recommendation is trying to get a goodnight’s sleep. So, try sleeping to decrease stress.
29．What can we know about stress from the passage
A．It is always negative. B．It can make people angry.
C．It is a natural response. D．It can make people sleep.
30．Why do we want to eat sugary food in particular when stressed
A．Our self-control is too low to refuse sugary food.
B．Sugary food rapidly refills the energy we have lost.
C．Insulin in our body makes the blood sugar levels rise.
D．Sugary food releases insulin to provide energy for muscles.
31．How can we best fight stress according to Dr. Michael Mosley
A．By getting a good night’s sleep. B．By taking up gardening.
C．By eating much sugary foods. D．By doing something your enjoy.
32．What is the best title for the passage
A．What causes stress B．How to reduce stress
C．When to take sugary snacks D．Why stress makes you fat
First, all participants found it quite easy to link colors and emotions. This was particularly true for colors like red, black, or yellow. Other colors, like brown and purple, received fewer associations. We found that colour-emotion associations were not one-to-one, but many-to-many.
Participants did not select one emotion for a colour, but often chose several emotions. In turn, different colors were linked to the same emotion, like pleasure, which was associated with red but also yellow, orange, pink and purple.
What you can also see is that most colors were associated with positive emotions. Only brown, grey and black—that is, darker colors—were associated with negative emotions. Red was the most controversial colour. For some, it was a very positive colour—the colour of passion, love and desire. For others, it was a negative colour—the colour of danger, anger and hate. For even others, it was both positive and negative. What connects all these emotions and ideas is the fact that red is activating and strong.
Second, we found few cultural differences. In other words, many colour-emotion associations seemed universal. Most participants agreed that pink was associated with love and pleasure, yellow with joy and amusement, or that black was the saddest colour.
Third, if you are interested in cultural differences, we found some specificities too. For example, in addition to the universal associations of love and anger with red, Chinese participants also associated joy and amusement, while Nigerian participants additionally associated fear with red. Another example is the association between purple and sadness that only Greek participants chose. For others, purple was generally a positive colour with very little agreement on the exact emotions associated with purple.
Fourth, participants whose languages were more similar to each other also had more similar associations. To arrive at this finding, we estimated the degree of linguistic (语言的) similarity between two languages, which shows how related or unrelated they are. And then, languages from different language families, like English and Chinese, would have the lowest similarity scores.
33．Which colour is most likely to cause controversy
A．Black. B．Red. C．Yellow. D．Brown.
34．What is pink associated with according to most participants
A．Love and pleasure. B．Joy and amusement.
C．Anger and sadness. D．Fear and disappointment.
35．Which group of people associate purple with sadness
A．Chinese participants. B．Nigerian participants.
C．Greek participants. D．English participants.
36．What’s the best title of the text
A．The Deep Meaning of Colours
B．The Link Between Colours and Emotions
C．Cultural Differences in Different Countries
D．Linguistic Similarity Between Two Languages
Dutch “Jogger Jo” breaks over-70s record on his 75th sub-three-hour marathon
At 70 when many of people are winding down, Jo Schoonbroodt is somehow speeding up. On Sunday, Schoonbroodt, a 71-year-old from Maastricht, ran a marathon in a staggering 2 hours 54 minutes and 19 seconds to become the fastest septuagenarian(七十至八十岁的) in history.
“I only started jogging at 36 because my doctor told me I had high cholesterol,” he says. With a few miles remaining, he knew he was just ahead of the previous best, set by Gene Dykes in 2018, because a friend was following him on his bike and barking out his lap times. But his legs were starting to get heavier. “However, my friend had a special trick to keep me on track,” said Schoonbroodt, “He put Eddy Wally’s song Chérie, Chérie on his phone on repeat. I’ve always loved it. It gave me a boost. I overtook one runner after another and, despite getting cramp in the final 500 meters, I was able to break the record by four seconds.”
Schoonbroodt often runs at nine or 10-minute mile pace, far slower than the 6:38-minute miles he ran for 26.2 miles to set his world record, but he says the key thing is he listens to his body. “A lot of people follow a training plan or coach and push on even when their body is saying: ‘No, this is not a good day to do it,’” he says. “the key thing is he listens to his body”.
Being a late bloomer, he believes, has actually helped him because he himself never had to worry about chasing faster times of his youth. While Schoonbrodt’s achievements are exceptional, he is not the only old master to defy conventional wisdom.
What might explain this phenomenon John Brewer, a sports scientist at the University of the West of Scotland, points out. “Compared to 40 years ago, the advances in nutrition, recovery and technology all mean that it is more possible for people in their 60s and 70s to produce good performance if they follow the right training,” he said.
37．Why did Jo begin his jogging at the age of 36
A．Because he wanted to break the jogging record.
B．Because he has some problem with his health.
C．Because his friend encouraged him to run.
D．Because he wanted to become a late bloomer.
38．What does the underline word “boost” mean
A．help. B．Favor. C．Growth. D．Promotion.
39．Schoonbroodt believes________.
A．that follow your doctor’s advice and you can succeed.
B．that follow your coach’s advice and you can succeed.
C．that follow your detailed plan and you can succeed.
D．that follow your body and your feeling and you can succeed.
40．What’s the John Brewer’s attitude to seniors’ jogging
A．Supportive. B．Doubt. C．Indifferent. D．Negative.
参考答案
1．C
2．A
3．A
4．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究的结果：祖母和孙辈之间的情感更加深厚。
1．
推理判断题。根据第一段“They also measured the brain function as the participants viewed pictures of their grandchild, an unknown child, the same sex parent of the grandchild and an unknown adult.(他们还测量了参与者在观看她们的孙辈、一个不认识的孩子、孙辈的同性父母和一个不认识的成年人的照片时的大脑功能)”可知，他们还会测量参与者的大脑功能，由此可推知参与者的大脑被监测。故选C项。
2．
推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchers found that grandmothers viewing grandchild pictures activated parts of the brain that involved emotional empathy and movement.(研究人员发现，祖母观看孙辈的照片激活了大脑中涉及情感移情和运动的部分)”可知，祖母观看孙辈的照片时会激活她们大脑中有关情感同理心的部分，也就是说她们和孙辈会有情感上的共鸣，由此可知，当她们看到孙辈在笑时，她们能体会到孩子的快乐。故选A项。
3．
推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchers found that grandmothers viewing grandchild pictures activated parts of the brain that involved emotional empathy and movement.(研究人员发现，祖母观看孙辈的照片激活了大脑中涉及情感移情和运动的部分)”以及第三段“Compared with results from an earlier study by the Rilling lab of fathers viewing photos of their Children, results showed that grandmothers activated more parts of the brain that involved emotional empathy and motivation. That suggests that grandmothers are intended to feel what their grandchildren are feeling when they interact with them. (与瑞林实验室早些时候对父亲观看孩子照片的研究结果相比，结果显示祖母激活了大脑中更多涉及情感移情和动机的部分。这意味着祖母们想要感受到她们的孙辈与她们互动时的感受)”可知，祖母们看到孙辈的照片时，会激活大脑中的情感同理心部分，作者提到先前的研究是为了证明这一观点。故选A项。
4．
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In many societies, grandmothers are important caregivers, and their investment is often associated with improved grandchild well-being,(在许多社会中，祖母是重要的照顾者，她们的付出往往与改善孙辈的福祉有关)”可知，本段主要讲述祖父母所做出的贡献。故选D项。
5．A
6．B
7．D
8．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了袁隆平写给母亲的信，信中表明了他的母亲对他的影响，以及他表达了对母亲的思念之情。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In 2010, at the age 80, Yuan wrote this letter in memory of his late mother, Hua Jing, and many are deeply touched by its sincerity（2010年，80岁高龄的袁隆平写下了这封信，以纪念他已故的母亲华静，许多人被这封信的真诚深深打动）”可知，袁隆平2010年写信的目的是为了纪念他的母亲。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In 2010, at the age 80, Yuan wrote this letter in memory of his late mother, Hua Jing, and many are deeply touched by its sincerity（2010年，80岁高龄的袁隆平写下了这封信，以纪念他已故的母亲华静，许多人被这封信的真诚深深打动）”可知，信中情感深深打动了许多人。故选B项。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Having never worked in the fields, Hua moved to Anjiang town to support her son's family and research.（从来没有下田过的华静搬到了安江镇，以支持她儿子的家庭和研究）”可知，她为了儿子搬到安江。故选D项。
8．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“People say I’ve changed the world with one tiny rice seed but mom, I know you sowed the seed in me when I was a little boy.（人们说我用一粒小小的水稻种子改变了世界，但是妈妈，我知道在我还是个小男孩的时候，你就在我心里种下了这粒种子）”可知，最后一段主要讲母亲在袁隆平心中种下的种子。故选C项。
9．B
10．A
11．D
12．C
13．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了年幼的作者为能在学校买一份热午餐而欣喜不已，事后才意识到是老师在不动声色地关心自己，感激之情油然而生。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段“I never bought my lunch from the cafeteria. It was too expensive for my family, and I always carried my lunch and took the bag back home to use again the next day. (我从来没有在自助餐厅买过午餐。这对我的家人来说太贵了，我总是带着午餐，把袋子带回家第二天再用)”可知，作者太穷了，不能从自助餐厅买热午餐。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第一段“She explained that I could use the money to buy a hot lunch from the cafeteria. I was very pleased. (她解释说，我可以用这些钱从自助餐厅买一份热午餐。我很高兴)”可知，当Amatuli告诉作者用这笔钱买热午餐时，作者感到很高兴。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段“Seeing that other students went to the cafeteria after class, I felt my heart was filled with admiration. (看到其他同学下课后都去了自助餐厅，我心里充满了羡慕)”可知，作者羡慕其他孩子，是因为他们可以从自助餐厅买热午餐。故选D。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“From then on, every Friday she bought my fish sandwich and with the money I could get in line with other kids for a hot lunch. (从那时起，每个星期五她都会买我的鱼三明治，用这些钱我可以和其他孩子一起吃一顿热午餐)”可知， Amatuli买了作者的三明治，以便让作者像其他孩子一样买热午餐。故选C。
13．词句猜测题。根据第一段“She explained that I could use the money to buy a hot lunch from the cafeteria. I was very pleased. I never bought my lunch from the cafeteria. (她解释说，我可以用这些钱从cafeteria买一份热午餐。我很高兴。我从来没有在cafeteria买过午餐)”可知，cafeteria指的是学校里一个学生可以吃午餐的地方。故选A。
14．D
15．C
16．D
17．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。作者身心俱疲、抑郁沮丧，医生带作者到农场走了走，作者原以为这不会有什么用，没想到一匹名为菲拉的马竟帮助作者缓解了压力，使作者找到了内心的宁静甚至是快乐。
【详解】
14. 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“So I expected nothing when meeting the horse named Fira.(所以当我遇到一匹名叫菲拉的马时，我没有任何期待)”可知，作者最开始对这匹叫菲拉的马没有任何期待，认为它不会对自己的状况有什么帮助。由此推知，作者起初应是对菲拉不感兴趣的。unconcerned意为“不关心的；不感兴趣的”。故选D项。
14. 细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句“Something happened inside me: I felt as if I had reached a wellspring (源泉) of my fears, hurts and failures. I began to melt emotionally in an uncommon way. (我内心发生了一些事情：我感觉自己好像到达了恐惧、伤痛和失败的源泉。我的情感开始以一种不寻常的方式融化)”可知，菲拉接近作者时，作者感到自己的内心开始以一种不同寻常的方式融化，即菲拉用一种特别的方式在精神上打动了作者。C项中的“mentally”和“special”分别对应第三段第三句中的“emotionally”和“uncommon”。故选C项。
16. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I found deep peace in leading her along the path, by using my own power to judge whether to start, stop, turn left or turn right. I found inner quiet and even joy.(我用自己的力量来判断是开始、停止、左转还是右转，在引导她沿着这条道路前进的过程中，我找到了内心深处的平静。我找到了内心的宁静，甚至快乐)”可知，对作者来说最大的收获是他找到了内心深处的平静和宁静。故选D项。
17. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“My work with this horse was part of a journey out of a very dark night in my soul.(我对这匹马的研究是我灵魂深处走出黑夜的旅程的一部分)”可知，最后一段主要讲了作者在这匹马的帮助下得以康复。故选B项。
18．A
19．A
20．B
21．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了幸福是一种选择，它取决于我们自己的能力决定，以及我们要意识到思想、感觉和情绪是可以改变的。然后继续前进，选择快乐。
18．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一、二段“You have the ability to decide whether you are happy or not. Happiness is a choice. You can’t depend on someone else to make you happy. That is a lesson I learned early in my marriage. I realized that I couldn’t rely on my husband as my source of happiness. I learned that my happiness depended on myself and not my husband’s actions. I learned that you have to choose to be happy.”（你有能力决定自己是否快乐。幸福是一种选择。你不能指望别人给你带来快乐。这是我结婚初期学到的一课。我意识到我不能依赖我的丈夫作为我的幸福来源。我明白了我的幸福取决于我自己，而不是我丈夫的行为。我明白了你必须选择快乐。）可知，文章主要讲的是你有能力决定自己是否快乐。幸福是一种选择。故文章最好的标题为“选择快乐”。故选A项。
19．细节理解题。根据第二段“You can’t depend on someone else to make you happy. That is a lesson I learned early in my marriage. I realized that I couldn’t rely on my husband as my source of happiness. I learned that my happiness depended on myself and not my husband’s actions. I learned that you have to choose to be happy.”（你不能指望别人给你带来快乐。这是我结婚初期学到的一课。我意识到我不能依赖我的丈夫作为我的幸福来源。我明白了我的幸福取决于我自己，而不是我丈夫的行为。我明白了你必须选择快乐。）可知，作者从她的婚姻中学到的教训是，一个人不能依靠别人来使自己幸福。故选A项。
20．推理判断题。根据第四段“You want to buy a new pair of shoes so you choose a pair that you like and feels good. You wouldn’t buy a pair of shoes that you don’t like or that doesn’t fit well, right So why do we keep choosing emotions and feelings that don’t make us feel good ”（你想买双新鞋，所以你选择一双你喜欢的，感觉良好的。你不会买一双你不喜欢或者不合脚的鞋子，对吧？那么，为什么我们总是选择那些让我们感觉不好的情绪和感觉呢？）故可推知，作者提到买鞋是想用这个例子来说明她的观点。故选B项。
21．细节理解题。根据第五段“Choosing to be happy after you realize your anger has shown up (or even choosing to be calm) can be beneficial. We choose our feelings; no one else can do that for us. If we let others get to us, influence our emotions — we are giving them power over us. When others cause us anger or pain, we are giving them our power.”（当你意识到你的愤怒出现后选择快乐(甚至选择平静)是有益的。我们选择自己的感觉;没人能帮我们。如果我们让别人影响我们，影响我们的情绪——我们就给了他们控制我们的力量。当别人给我们带来愤怒或痛苦时，我们就是在给他们力量。）以及最后一段“Realize that thoughts, feelings and emotions can change. Then move on and choose to be happy.”（意识到思想、感觉和情绪是可以改变的。然后继续前进，选择快乐。）可知，作者建议我们需要控制自己的感情。故选C项。
22．C
23．B
24．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者通过讲故事将一个大家庭的几代人联结起来的故事。作者也希望一个个像作者这样的家庭成员，将讲故事的能力一代又一代传承下去。
22．
细节理解题。根据第三段“I grew up in a family of “liars”. They all told stories.（我成长于一个满是“说谎者”的家庭。他们都在讲故事）”可知，作者这么说，仅仅是因为作者的家人都会讲故事。故选C项。
23．
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了作者向孙子们讲述自己儿时故事的过程，在这个万圣节的故事中，有一个主人公是孩子们的叔祖父，这个故事让孩子们捧腹大笑并久久不能忘记。而最后一段作者总结到“My grandchildren have never met their “Great Uncle Joe”, but they won’t soon forget him. To them, he will always be, not a ghost, but very lovable（我的孙子们从未见过他们的“叔祖父乔”，但他们却不会那么快忘记他。对孩子们来说，他永远都在那，不是鬼，而是一个非常可爱的人）”可推知，故事可以使一个人以某种方式被记住。故选B项。
24．
主旨大意题。根据文中最后一段“My grandchildren have never met their “Great Uncle Joe”, but they won’t soon forget him. To them, he will always be, not a ghost, but very lovable（我的孙子们从未见过他们的“叔祖父乔”，但他们却不会那么快忘记他。对孩子们来说，他永远都在那，不是鬼，而是一个非常可爱的人）”以及结合全文可知，文章最后落脚于通过故事让一个人继续“活”下去，而不会被遗忘，消失于家庭的历史长河中，故A选项Living on through stories（在故事中长存）符合文章主题。故选A项。
25．C
26．B
27．B
28．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。悲伤是许多情感中的一种。感到悲伤不是一种弱点。然而，为了显得强大而有所保留是一个弱点。由此，作者建议我们要学会敞开心扉，释放情绪，要给自己传递积极的信息。
25．
推理判断题。根据第一自然段“We ignore warning signs of sadness, depression and other forms of suffering because we cannot be open about such feelings in society.（我们忽视了悲伤、抑郁和其他形式痛苦的警告信号，因为我们无法对社会上的这种感觉敞开心扉。）”以及“Sadness is one emotion of many. But it is often the one most ignored. We don’t want to appear weak to others.（悲伤是许多情感中的一种。但它往往是最被忽视的一个。我们不想在别人面前显得软弱。）”可知，人们通常隐藏自己的情绪。故选C。
26．
细节理解题。根据第二自然段“Typically, sadness comes and goes, while depression holds us down for long.（通常，悲伤来来往往，而抑郁会让我们压抑很长时间。）”可知，悲伤和抑郁的区别在于悲伤的持续时间较短。故选B。
27．
细节理解题。根据第三自然段“Feeling sad is not a weakness. Holding back in an effort to appear strong is, however, a weakness.（感到悲伤不是一种弱点。然而，为了显得强大而有所保留是一个弱点。）”可知，作者认为假装坚强是一种弱点。故选B。
28．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Self talk like "I am worth it" is sending message of love and hope to ourselves when the world fails to do so for you.（像“我值得”这样的自我对话是在向自己传递爱和希望的信息，而这个世界并没有为你这样做。）”可知，作者建议我们要给自己传递积极的信息。故选A。
29．C
30．B
31．A
32．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了为什么压力会让人变胖，并介绍了一些应对压力的方法。
29．
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Stress is natural. That feeling of pressure is a biological response, and under the right circumstances can be a great source of motivation.”（压力是自然的。这种压力感是一种生物反应，在适当的情况下可以成为很大的动机来源。）可知，压力是自然的，压力感是一种生物反应，由此可知，从文章中我们可以了解到压力是一种自然反应。故选C项。
30．
细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“And what you particularly want is sugary food, which rapidly refills the energy you have lost.”（你特别想要吃的是含糖食物，它能迅速补充你失去的能量。）可知，在你感到有压力时，你特别想要吃的是含糖食物，因为它能迅速补充你失去的能量，由此可知，我们在有压力的时候特别想吃含糖的食物，因为含糖食物能迅速补充我们失去的能量。故选B项。
31．
细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“So what can we do to fight the stress Dr. Michael Mosley recommends exercise, gardening, mindfulness or other activities you enjoy. But his strongest recommendation is trying to get a goodnight’s sleep.”（那么，我们能做些什么来应对压力呢？迈克尔·莫斯利博士建议锻炼、园艺、正念或做其他你喜欢的活动。但他最强烈的建议是尽量睡个好觉。）可知，关于如何应对压力，迈克尔·莫斯利博士最强烈的建议是尽量睡个好觉，由此可知，根据迈克尔·莫斯利博士的说法，睡个好觉能最好地应对压力。故选A项。
32．
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合倒数第二段关键句“If this happens repeatedly, over a long enough period, these high-calorie foods can lead to obesity.”（如果这种情况在足够长的时间内反复发生，这些高热量食物可能会导致肥胖。）可知，本文主要介绍了为什么压力会让人变胖，因为当人感到压力时，会身体会释放葡萄糖为肌肉提供能量，但我们的身体不使用这些能量，身体就会释放胰岛素使血糖水平下降，在这种情况下，人会感到饥饿，而含糖食物能迅速补充你失去的能量，这种情况在足够长的时间内反复发生，可能会导致肥胖，“Why stress makes you fat ”意为“为什么压力会让你变胖？”选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选D项。
33．B
34．A
35．C
36．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要探究颜色与情感之间的联系。
33．
细节理解题。根据第三段“Red was the most controversial colour. (红色是最具争议的颜色。)”可知，红色最可能引发争议。故选B。
34．
细节理解题。根据第四段“Most participants agreed that pink was associated with love and pleasure, yellow with joy and amusement, or that black was the saddest colour. (大多数参与者都认为粉红色与爱和快乐有关，黄色与快乐和娱乐有关，黑色是最悲伤的颜色。)”可知，大多数参与者都认为粉红色与爱和快乐有关，故选A。
35．
细节理解题。根据第五段“Another example is the association between purple and sadness that only Greek participants chose. (另一个例子是紫色和悲伤之间的联系，只有希腊参与者选择。)”可知，希腊的参与者认为这紫色与悲伤有关，故选C。
36．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“First, all participants found it quite easy to link colors and emotions. This was particularly true for colors like red, black, or yellow. Other colors, like brown and purple, received fewer associations. We found that colour-emotion associations were not one-to-one, but many-to-many. (首先，所有参与者都发现很容易将颜色和情感联系起来。对于红色，黑色或黄色等颜色尤其如此。其他颜色，如棕色和紫色，收到的关联较少。我们发现颜色与情感的联系不是一对一的，而是多对多的。)”可知文章主要探究颜色与情感之间的联系。故文章的标题是The Link Between Colours and Emotions。故选B。
37．B
38．D
39．D
40．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了71岁老人Jo坚持跑步的励志故事。
37．
细节理解题。根据文章第二段““I only started jogging at 36 because my doctor told me I had high cholesterol,”(“我36岁才开始慢跑，因为我的医生告诉我，我的胆固醇很高。”)”可知Jo是因为胆固醇高才开始跑步，也就是身体出问题了。故选B项。
38．
词句猜测题。根据文章第二段““He put Eddy Wally’s song Chérie, Chérie on his phone on repeat. I’ve always loved it. It gave me a boost. I overtook one runner after another and, despite getting cramp in the final 500 meters, I was able to break the record by four seconds.”(“他把艾迪·沃莉的歌《切丽，切丽》放在手机里重复播放。我一直都很喜欢。这给了我boost。我超过了一个接一个的跑步者，尽管在最后500米时抽筋了，但我还是以4秒的速度打破了纪录。”)”可知Jo喜欢的艾迪 沃莉的歌《切丽，切丽》给了他激励，让他在腿抽筋的情况下超过了一个又一个的跑步者，最终打破计录。所以此处的划线词boost的意思应是“促进；增进”。故选D项。
39．
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“but he says the key thing is he listens to his body. (但他说关键是他会倾听自己的身体。)”Jo Schoonbroodt认为锻炼的关键是倾听自己的身体和感觉，这样你就可以成功。故选D项。
40．
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“John Brewer, a sports scientist at the University of the West of Scotland, points out. “Compared to 40 years ago, the advances in nutrition, recovery and technology all mean that it is more possible for people in their 60s and 70s to produce good performance if they follow the right training,” he said.(西苏格兰大学的体育科学家约翰·布鲁尔指出。他说：“与40年前相比，营养、康复和技术方面的进步都意味着，如果六七十多岁的人接受了正确的训练，他们就更有可能有更好的表现。”)”可知John Brewer对于老年人慢跑的态度是赞成的。故选A项。

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