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Brian Schwartz became one of the many to turn jobless under the epidemic. For Brian, the timing could not have been worse. It was a stressful time between a wife carrying a baby, a dad battling brain cancer, and everything else going on in the news.
Brian needed to do something productive and he turned to mow mowing lawns for stress relief. “I just decided to create my own good news, really just as a time filler,” says Brian. He wanted to help neighbors, just keeping himself busy mentally and physically. Brian offered his lawnmowing service free to seniors and people with disabilities in his community.
As word spread of his good acts, the local media began picking up on the story. The attention got Brian thinking. There was clearly a broader need for what he was offering. So he decided to launch a website, loanttomowyourlaen.com, and a kindness movement was born. Pretty soon, Brian had a large crowd of clients needing others to mow their lawns and an army of volunteers, from 18-year-olds in college to recent retirees. As news of his organization spread, he also began to attract donations to help with operating costs, which encouraged him to turn the service into a nonprofit.
As the organization has evolved (演变), Brian has expanded his offerings to include other services like removing trees and clearing snow. But he believes the benefit of what his team does goes way beyond the practical. “We are not only providing them with financial relief,” he says. “It’s mental and physical relief as well. And we’re hearing feedback not only directly from the people we’re helping, but also from their neighbors who thank us for helping make the community better. And I’m even receiving occasional letters from people that we might not even help, but they might have just been at the time looking for some uplifting news.”
lwanttomouwyourlawn.com has become a passion. Not least of all for the benefits the kindness brings. “It stimulates my mind, my body and my soul just by helping others,” he says. “It’s a really good feeling. I feel like I’m doing something that has some meaning and purpose.”
1．What got Brian into a bad situation
A．Taking care of a baby. B．Being out of work.
C．Fighting against cancer. D．Being reported in news.
2．Why did Brian create the website
A．To gain more public attention.
B．To provide a wider range of services.
C．To raise donations for people in need.
D．To collect news of kindness movements.
3．What can we learn about Brian’s organization
A．It puts forward plans on bettering the community.
B．It requires people to give feedback on the offerings.
C．It reduces the unemployment among people in need.
D．It gives people spiritual support as well as direct help.
4．What can we conclude from this passage
A．Good things take time. B．Every moment matters.
C．We rise by lifting others. D．Fame brings opportunities.
Dear colleague,
Greetings from the Office of Admission at Harley University! We hope that you and your students are doing well in these challenging times. In light of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, Harley has suspended all campus visitations. However, we write to you today to affirm our commitment to working with you and your students as they navigate the college search and application process.
To that end, we are pleased to announce that beginning on Tuesday, March 31, 2020, our office will be offering online information sessions for prospective students. Much like our on-campus information sessions, these will consist of a one-hour discussion hosted by a Harley admission dean and a current student. They will provide an inside look at the Harley community both academically and socially, as well as an overview of the admission and financial aid processes. Attendees will be able to see the presenters and submit questions throughout the sessions. While designed for prospective students, counselors are welcome to join.
Our online information sessions will be offered on the days/times below.
Tuesdays at 3:00 pm EDT
Thursdays at 9:00 am EDT and 6:00 pm EDT
Students/Counselors can register here.
We are hopeful the times we offered will allow anyone, regardless of time zone, to be able to join us for a session. While we are disappointed that campus visits are not currently possible, we are confident that these online sessions will provide the same accessibility, information, and enthusiasm as we introduce your students to the Harley community.
In the same spirit, we remain committed to answering any questions you, your students, or their families may have about these sessions, or any other changes to our programming. You can contact us at admission@harley.edu.
We wish you all a safe and healthy spring.
Sincerely,
Jason Harley
Director of Undergraduate Admission
5．What is the purpose of this letter
A．To answer questions from teachers and students.
B．To arrange for school visits and online interviews.
C．To say hello to colleagues during the Covid-19 pandemic.
D．To inform alternative methods of getting application information.
6．The online information sessions are most probably for ________.
A．students in Grade 11-12
B．parents of senior high school students
C．current students in Harley University
D．teaching staff in Harley University
7．What can be learnt from the letter
A．Harley University does not enroll new students this year.
B．Prospective students should attend the sessions with counselors.
C．The online sessions will function almost the same with on-campus visits.
D．Students can contact admission@harley.edc to arrange on-campus visits.
How does a person become an Olympic champion—someone capable of winning the gold In reality, a combination of biological, environmental, and psychological factors, as well as training and practice, all go into making a super athlete.
Perhaps the most important factor involved in becoming an elite athlete is genetics. Most Olympic competitors are equipped with certain physical characteristics that differentiate them from the average person. Take an elite athlete’s muscles, for example. In most human skeletal muscles (the ones that make your body move), there are fast-twitch fibers and slow-twitch fibers. Fast-twitch fibers help us move quickly. Olympic weightlifters, for example, have a large number of fast-twitch fibers in their muscles—many more than the average person. These allow them to lift hundreds of kilos from the ground and over their heads in seconds. Surprisingly, a large, muscular body is not the main requirement to do well in this sport. It is more important to have a large number of fast-twitch fibers in the muscles.
The legs of an elite marathon runner, on the other hand, might contain up to 90 percent slow-twitch muscle fibers. These generate energy efficiently and enable an athlete to control fatigue and keep moving for a longer period of time. When we exercise long or hard, it’s common to experience tiredness, muscle pain, and difficulty breathing. These feelings are caused when the muscles produce high amounts of lactate(乳酸) and can’t remove it quickly enough. Athletes with many slow-twitch muscle fibers seem to be able to clear the lactate from their muscles faster as they move. Thus, the average runner might start to feel discomfort halfway into a race. A trained Olympic athlete, however, might not feel pain until much later in the competition.
For some Olympic competitors, size is important. Most male champion swimmers are 180cm or taller, allowing them to reach longer and swim faster. For both male and female gymnasts, though, a smaller size and body weight mean they can move with greater ease, and are less likely to suffer damage when landing on the floor from a height of up to 4.5 meters.
Some athletes’ abilities are naturally enhanced by their environment. Those raised at high altitudes in countries such as Kenya, Ethiopia, and Morocco have blood that is rich in hemoglobin(血红素). Large amounts of hemoglobin carry oxygen around the body faster, enabling these athletes to run better. Cultural factors also help some athletes do well at certain sports. Tegla Loroupe, a young woman from northern Kenya, has won several marathons. She attributes some of her success to her country’s altitude (she trains at about 2,400 meters) and some to her cultural background. As a child, she had to run ten kilometers to school every day. “I’d be punished if I was late,” she says.
Although genetics, environment, and even culture play a part in becoming an elite athlete, training and practice are needed to succeed. Marathon runners may be able to control fatigue and keep moving for long periods of time, but they must train to reach and maintain their goals. Weightlifters and gymnasts perfect their skills by repeating the same motions again and again until they are automatic. Greg Lougains, winner of four Olympic diving gold medals, says divers must train the same way to be successful: “You have less than three seconds from takeoff until you hit the water, so it has to be reflex. You have to repeat the divers hundreds, maybe thousands, of times.” Training this way requires an athlete to be not only physically fit but psychologically healthy as well. “They have to be,” says Sean McCann, a sports psychologist at the Olympic Training Center in the U.S. “otherwise, they couldn’t handle the training loads we put on them. Athletes have to be good at setting goals, generating energy when they need it, and managing anxiety.”
How do athletes adjust to such intense pressure Lougains explains how he learned to control his anxiety during a competition: “Most divers think too much…,” he says. “They’re too much in their heads. What worked for me was humor. I remember thinking about what my mother would say if she saw me do a bad dive. She’d probably just compliment me on the beautiful splash.”
8．What is this article mainly about
A．Factors that make someone a super athlete.
B．The different muscle types of super athlete.
C．The size of a super athlete.
D．How to qualify for the Olympics.
9．The underlined word more in paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A．Muscles B．Average people
C．Olympic weightlifters D．Fast-twitch fibers
10．What advantage do athletes from high-altitude countries have
A．A strong sense of culture.
B．More muscles in their legs.
C．Hemoglobin-rich blood.
D．Lower amounts of lactate in their muscles.
11．What statement would diver Greg Lougains probably agree with
A．A professional athlete should never feel anxiety.
B．Athletes cannot perform well unless they are under pressure.
C．It’s key to practice and train hard, but try not to take things too seriously.
D．It’s important to joke around with your teammates before you perform any sport.
Mathilde Loisel, a beautiful woman, is miserable with her life. Although from a family of clerks, she always felt she had “fallen from a higher station” and longs to be part of the upper class. With no prospect of meeting these dreams she marries a middle-class Parisian clerk. This leaves her unhappy, suffering from what she thinks as a life of poverty. Although her husband’s income is sufficient for their needs, Mathilde still dreams of being wealthy. Mathilde focuses on her lack of possessions such as gowns and jewelry instead of enjoying the life she has. She even becomes jealous of her school friend, Madame Forestier, who has married a wealthy man.
One evening, the triumphant Monsieur Loisel comes home and hands her an invitation to a ball at the Ministry of Public Instruction where he works. Mathilde surprises him by refusing to go and throws the invitation onto the floor. She gets upset and tells her husband that without a new gown and jewelry she cannot possibly attend the ball. Monsieur Loisel reluctantly agrees to pay for a gown costing four hundred francs, knowing he will not be able to afford the hunting gun he had been saving up to buy. Mathilde buys the dress but complains that she still has no jewelry. For once though, Mathilde is pleased when her husband comes up with the solution to ask her friend to lend some jewelry.
Madame Forestier offers Mathilde to choose what she wants and Mathilde selects a beautiful diamond necklace from a black satin box. When Madame Forestier sees how happy the necklace makes her friend feel she agrees to lend it to her for the ball.
At the ball, Mathilde is the most elegant and graceful woman there, smiling and happy. All the men ask her name and want to be introduced to her. She dances with all of the attaches from the cabinet and is even noticed by the minister. Dancing with happiness and passion, intoxicated with pleasure, Mathilde exists for a time in the world she longs to be part of.
At 4 am, she is ready to leave. As Monsieur Loisel places the wrap over his wife’s shoulders, the contrast of the poverty of her wrap with the elegant ball gown is too much to bear and to save any embarrassment she hurries to leave before anyone notices her. When they reach the street, they cannot find a cab and start to walk home. They walked towards the Seine in despair, shivering with cold. At last on the quay side they find “one of those ancient night cabs which, as though they were ashamed to show their shabbiness during the day, are never seen round Paris until after dark”.
The Loisels arrive home at the Rue des Martyrs, and Mathilde’s happiness turns to horror as she sees that the necklace is missing when she looks in the mirror to admire herself one more time. She and Monsieur Loisel search frantically, but they cannot find the necklace. Monsieur Loisel even retraces their steps back along the whole route and then spends the next day enquiring and trying to find the necklace. Finally, in defeat, he suggests Mathilde writes a letter to Madame Forestier, explaining she will return the necklace after repair, lying that the clasp had broken. This story allows them time to continue the search.
When the Loisels are unable to find the necklace, they use its jewelry box to search for the jeweler where it was purchased. The jeweler offers the couple a similar necklace for thirty-six-thousand francs with the understanding that he will buy it back if they find the necklace before the end of February. However, they do not find the necklace, and they take on huge debt that forever changes their lives. Monsieur Loisel, frightened by the trouble yet to come, by the “black misery” that is about to fall upon him, by the prospect of all the physical sacrifices and the “moral tortures” he is about to suffer, goes to pay the jeweler thirty-six-thousand francs and collects the diamond necklace.
When Mathilde takes the newly purchased necklace to Madame Forestier, she fears her friend will discover that the necklace is a replacement and consider her a thief. Although Madame Forestier criticizes Mathilde for bringing the necklace back late, she never opens the case to look at it.
The next years are horrible for Mathilde, who works like a servant, her own servant having been dismissed. The Loisels move to cheaper housing. Mathilde dresses in work clothing and becomes responsible for doing all the family’s “odious” housework duties. She takes on this role with “sudden heroism”. Monsieur Loisel works a second job at night. They work for ten years to repay their debts. The strain of deprivation takes its toll, and Mathilde ages rapidly. Occasionally, she thinks back and remembers the wonders of the ball, but finally, their debt is paid in full.
One day on the street, Mathilde meets Madame Forestier, still looking lovely. At first not recognizing Mathilde, Madam Forestier is shocked by her friend’s haggard appearance. Mathilde explains that her life has been hard because of Madame Forestier. Mathilde shares the truth regarding her loss and replacement of the necklace that she had borrowed. She explains that it was purchased with ten years of hard labour. She proudly describes how she met her obligation both to Madame Forestier and to society.
Madame Forestier, deeply moved, takes Mathilde’s hands in her own and tells her the truth. The necklace that she had loaned Mathilde was mere costume jewelry worth only five hundred francs.
12．Mathilde Loisel refused to go to the ball because she ________.
A．was angry with her husband
B．thought she was not invited
C．was upset for having lost her jewelry
D．feared that she would be looked down upon
13．Put the following events into the correct order.
① Mathilde realized that the necklace was missing.
② The Loisels worked hard to pay their debt.
③ Monsieur Loisel brought home an invitation to a ball
④ Monsieur Loiser bought a diamond necklace from a jeweler.
⑤ Mathilde borrowed a necklace from her friend Madame Forestier.
⑥ Mathilde talked to her friend Madame Forestier about her “sudden heroism”
A．③⑤①④②⑥ B．③①⑤②④⑥
C．⑤③①②④⑥ D．⑤③④②①⑥
14．Madame Forestier never opens the case because she ________.
A．trusts her friend very much
B．forgets about the necklace
C．is sure that the necklace is in the case
D．doesn’t care much about the necklace
15．What can best describe Mathilde Loisel
A．unfortunate but honest. B．lucky but selfish.
C．smart but lazy. D．beautiful but evil.
When the author opens his memoir with a scene of his mother pushing him from a moving vehicle, you know you’re in for a fascinating read. Born a Crime by Trevor Noah, who is now a daily show host, is an autobiography about Trevor’s life in Africa.
Trevor, the son of a Xhosa(科萨人) mother and a Swiss-German father, was born a crime as it was illegal for different races to marry and have children in Africa. Growing up biracial in the post-apartheid era (后种族隔离时代), his mother is an influential partner at every step along his journey. She worked diligently to stay out of poverty and keep Noah in good schools. Trevor’s mom stressed independence and free thought as well as all the values of Judaism (犹太教). Even before they knew apartheid would end, she wanted him to live freely. She took him to places that black South Africans considered “white things,” like ice rinks and the suburbs, because even if he never left the ghetto (贫民区), he would know that the ghetto was not the world. It was her mother’s aim to keep him from internalizing his oppression, and to convince him that he was greater than social labels. His mom would take him to the library and museums, and local college campuses. For his mother, being a black woman didn’t mean he couldn’t achieve greatness. She gave him permission to dream beyond his circumstances.
In Trevor’s whole early life, being mixed-race, he often wasn’t allowed to go outside during apartheid because the police could have taken him away; he couldn’t be seen with his parents and his mother had to pretend to be his maid when they were in public. So, Trevor had to have his mother’s friends pose as his mother. Trevor struggled to fit in at school as he didn’t know which group to play with. Later in high school, Trevor had to start a lunch delivery business to move up and be accepted by his fellow classmates. After high school, he started getting into comedy in 2002 and has been on TV ever since. Trevor had a rough, but loving relationship with his mother as he was always getting in trouble. Trevor didn’t see his dad much and could only meet in secret. In the end, Born a Crime is not just an unnerving account of growing up in South Africa under apartheid, but a love letter to the author’s remarkable mother. Noah writes: “I understood even from an early age that we weren’t just mother and son. We were a team.”
Born a Crime tells a really personal and yet universal story in many respects. It is undoubtedly a life-changing story which is powerful, honest, funny and dark at the same time, still it never turns to despair, self-pity or hopelessness. It’s a story of survival against the odds and the human ability to transcend the limits of their origin. At the end of the book, he explains this miracle that happened to his mother, where she survives a bullet to the head. These stories uncover new feelings towards loved-ones, and may influence you to sincerely reconsider connections to your family and their priorities.
16．It can be learnt that Born a Crime is ________.
A．a book on slavery
B．a story about criminals
C．an autobiography of a show host
D．a report about how to reduce crime
17．What problem did Trevor have in his early life
A．He didn’t get along with his mother.
B．He felt hard to fit in at school.
C．He was wanted by the police.
D．He got too much attention.
18．According to the passage, Trevor’s mother ________.
A．pushed him to reach academic excellence
B．encouraged him go beyond the present limits
C．inspired him to speak for the minority as a TV host
D．helped him determine which race he should side with
19．What might be the theme of Born A Crime
A．Law and justice. B．Hope and grit.
C．Getting to the top. D．Secrets of success.
Humans have long gained pleasure from the smells of the natural world. For the most part, though, human beings are not their target market. For plants, fragrances are a way to interact with insects and other animals. Their attraction for people happens simply by chance.
In chemical terms, most natural fragrances are made up of volatiles — so called because of their tendency to change states suddenly. Volatiles evaporate easily, drifting into noses. In plants’ reproductive processes, smelly volatiles attract pollinators (授粉昆虫). But their natural applications are much more varied. If an insect chews through the leaves of some Bursera plants, out shoots a sticky, smelly liquid to trap it. Coyote tobacco plants are even more crafty: upon sensing the smell of hungry caterpillars, they produce volatiles that attract predators to kill the pests.
What is truly amazing is just how wily plants can be in using their scents for reproduction. White flowers often emit their scent at night to attract nocturnal pollinators such as moths. They produce a dilute nectar (稀释的花蜜) that encourages moths to keep moving, rather than linger at a single bloom—all the better to increase pollination. Other flowers change their fragrance after being successfully pollinated, as a signal for insects to go elsewhere.
But though “Scent” is a story of plants’ cleverness, it is also a tale of the human kind. People have long used fragrances for their own purposes, particularly for use in religious ceremonies: perfume recipes on the walls of an Egyptian temple in Edfu demonstrate just how long ingredients have been mixed in pursuit of the best blend. So highly prized were some scents that, to scare off competitors, Arab traders spread a legend about giant eagles that guarded cinnamon.
Eventually scientists no longer needed natural sources for fragrances. In 1866 a fragrance molecule was produced for the first time. Sixteen years later, Houbigant Parfum released Fougère Royale, the first “modern fantasy perfume” that creates an imaginary scent rather than copying a natural one. Nowadays fragrance–making is dominated by man–made compounds, which can be reliably and affordably produced in large quantities.
That has led to the mass production of smelly products, from toilet paper to toothpaste. Scent is accordingly big business. It is said that a world–famous fragrance and flavour manufacturer that claims people interact with its products up to 30 times a day, had sales of ?3.8bn last year.
20．According to Paragraph 1 and 2, which would the author agree with
A．Some plants might kill the pests with their smells.
B．Fragrance is a tool for plants to protect themselves.
C．People interact with nature easily through fragrance.
D．Fragrances are less important to humans than to animals and insects.
21．What does the underlined word “prized” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean
A．Developed. B．Rewarded. C．Mixed. D．Valued.
22．What can we learn from the passage
A．Humans do not use fragrances as purposefully as plants do.
B．Natural sources for fragrances will be out of date in the future.
C．Plants use fragrances to both attract and send away pollinators.
D．Man–made fragrances have to be produced by copying natural ones.
23．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Plants Smell, Insects Prey B．Smartness behind Fragrance
C．Fragrance: To Make or Not to Make D．Fragrance Connects Human & Nature
Nia’s family moved often, finding shelter in rooms with relatives. Tensions rose with every move and shouting matches were constant. When everything came to a boil, Nia found it best to keep silent. She became more and more withdrawn as she got older, losing confidence in herself and her voice.
When she was a young adult, Nia had developed a fear of speaking. So when a friend told her about YouthCare’s Tile Project, she was terrified. But Nia wanted to take steps to find a job and support herself. She finally took a deep breath and decided to give it a shot.
Nia signed up for a ceramic (陶瓷) class. The passion she gained for learning a new craft was clear-but when it came to group activities in the classroom, Nia struggled. She told staff that she didn’t like being around people she didn’t know. So when the class was given the opportunity to sell their artwork at a local fair, Nia hesitated. With the support from YouthCare Career Coordinator, Kate, she cautiously agreed.
When the big day came, shoppers poured into the fair, approaching Nia with questions about the program and art pieces for sale. Each time, Nia turned to Kate to whisper the answers in her ear, and Kate repeated the answers out loud. At one point during the fair, she was left alone for a moment. When a customer came up to ask a question, Nia answered with hesitation. Soon after, another visitor came. When Kate returned to her side, Nia fought back her fears and answered their questions on her own.
Nia’s confidence grew with every interaction. By the end of the day, she was beaming. “I was so impressed by Nia. She really loved explaining to customers how to fire ceramic,” said Kate. “The artwork she sold was the biggest sale of the day!”
That day at the fair was life-changing for Nia. She discovered that she truly enjoyed talking to others-especially about art! With continued support from staff to build communication skills and confidence, Nia completed the Tile Project with flying colors.
24．What made Nia finally decide to try the Project
A．Her family atmosphere. B．Her friend’s persuasion.
C．Her desire to find a job. D．Her passion for ceramics.
25．The fair is life-changing for Nia because she .
A．discovered her true love in art B．made the biggest sale in the fair
C．won the recognition of customers D．gained confidence through interaction
26．What can we know about Nia
A．She was forced to the fair. B．She did very well throughout the fair.
C．She finished the project successfully. D．She was struggling in learning ceramic.
The wheelchair-bound young man, a patient of mine, was pushed to the lectern at the high school to deliver his commencement address. His face still partially paralyzed, he spoke in a soft voice. But Mark Orsini delivered a powerful speech and received a thunderous applause from his fellow students, who had wondered if he’d live to graduate.
The 18-year-old had developed Guillain-Barre syndrome, which can cause paralysis. Soon he was almost completely paralyzed.
His parents insisted that he was a fighter. He’d get through this and go on to attend Dartmouth. But meanwhile, immobile and on a ventilator (呼吸器), how was he going to ask questions or be involved in his care
The solution was remarkable: The Orsinis would sit at Mark’s side and recite the alphabet. When they got to a letter Mark needed to spell a word, he’d nod “yes”. They’d write it down, then start over and wait for him to nod again. They never lost patience and Mark was involved with every decision. Standard treatment hadn’t helped, so I proposed a risky procedure to filter (过滤) his blood. After treatment he showed improvement and soon he could move his toes, his legs and then his arms.
Mark has graduated from Dartmouth. I saw him in my office some time ago, and he was feeling great. But there was a lot left unsaid. I wanted to say I was in awe of him, and that his parents were some of the most amazing people I’d ever met, sitting by his bed for hours, patiently listening to their child speak letter by letter. I wanted to tell him of my shame when my children tried to talk to me and I brushed them off because I didn’t have time to listen. I wanted to say I’d never forget him or his parents. But words failed me.
27．The underlined word “commencement” in Paragraph 1 means ________.
A．graduation B．promise C．birthday D．acceptance
28．What did Mark’s parents do for him when he was learning in class
A．They did everything for Mark. B．They assisted Mark in learning.
C．They lost patience sometimes. D．They made decisions for him.
29．According to the last paragraph, how did the writer feel about the way he treated his children
A．He felt proud of it. B．He felt confident of it.
C．He felt guilty of it. D．He felt doubtful about it.
“Everybody is a genius. But if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid.”—Albert Einstein
If you have a kid with special needs in the school system, you’re likely to have come across that saying hanging on a classroom wall. My five-year-old daughter Syona has cerebral palsy (脑瘫) and it means, combined with her communication and sight problems, that normal standard isn’t always an accurate measure of her abilities.
By now you have probably heard about Chris Ulmer, the 26-year old teacher in Jacksonville, Florida, who starts his special education class by calling up each student to give them much admiration and a high-five. I couldn’t help but be reminded of Syona’s teacher and how she supports each kid in a very similar way. Ulmer recently shared a video of his teaching experience. “I have seen their confidence increase rapidly.” he said. All I could think was: how lucky these students are to have such good teachers.
Syona’s teacher has an attitude that can best be summarized in one word: wonderful. Her teacher doesn’t focus on what can’t be done—she focuses on what can be done. Over the past several months, my husband Dilip and I have seen Syona’s confidence increase greatly. She uses words she wouldn’t have thought of using before. She recently told me about her classmates trip to Ecuador and was very proud when I understood her on the first try.
I actually wonder what the influence would be if we did something similar to what Ulmer does with his students in our home. We’ve recently started our day by reminding each other of the good qualities we all have. If we are reminded of our strengths on a regular basis, we will become increasingly confident about progress and success.
30．What does the author think of Albert Einstein’s saying
A．Funny. B．True. C．Strange. D．Confusing.
31．What can we learn about Syona’s teacher
A．She is Syona’s favorite teacher.
B．She puts Einstein’s quote on the wall.
C．She uses videos to teach her students.
D．She helps increase her students’ confidence.
32．What change has taken place in the author’s family
A．They’ve invited Ulmer’s students to their home.
B．They visit Ulmer’s classroom regularly.
C．They give each other praise every day.
D．They feel thankful to people in their lives.
A character in one of Shakespeare’s plays once said, “Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them.” Any of these could apply to the modern-day sportsmen. Many still argue about the nature of talent. Some claim that people are born to be sportsmen, while others say it is only through devotion and hard work that they achieve their abilities. Arguably though, it is not until their talents are acknowledged (认可) by the public that they truly have greatness fallen upon them.
With this acknowledgement of their “greatness” come all the trappings of modern-day celebrity: money, power, influence and responsibility. For better or for worse, like it or hate it, modern sportsmen are the role models of children everywhere. These children will grow up admiring their heroes, devoting their lives to copying their every move, and wanting above all to be like them. Due to this fascination, particularly with the massive influence of the media, it is more important than ever for these sportsmen to acknowledge their responsibility.
In the past few months alone, there have been many examples of questionable behaviors from sports stars of the present day. They are often mirroring the very worst aspects of society, a fact that the self-righteous (自以为是的) anger of the modern press has been quick to point out. It would be wrong for us to expect sportsmen to be perfect. It would also be wrong for us to think that their behavior is markedly different from the sportsmen they grew up watching, but with the all-seeing eye of modern media it is a different world, and different standards must be expected.
Of course, there is no duty for sportsmen to be good role models. There are no prison sentences, no fines, no community service—unless their behaviors are illegal. Unless they break the law, it is entirely up to them as to whether or not they think their behavior is appropriate. Furthermore, measuring the true influence their decisions have on their followers is absolutely impossible. Some will rise against their idols, seeing them in a new light and criticizing their actions. Others may copy their heroes’ actions, using them as a shield when accused of the same crimes.
It is without doubt that the actions of sportsmen will influence the lives of those who worship them. Modern day sportsmen are almost ideals of today’s world, and their actions are watched carefully by millions over the world. Some may complain against it, denying their influence on these children’s lives. Others may be aware of it but not respect it, while many may both be aware of it and respect it. In a word, you do not choose whether you are a role model. All you can do is to decide how to act when greatness is thrust upon you.
33．In Paragraph 1, the author tries to emphasize ______.
A．sportsmen become great when their gifts are recognized by people
B．sportsmen achieve greatness through their devotion and efforts
C．different ways for sportsmen to achieve success and greatness
D．the core characteristic to become great sportsmen nowadays
34．According to Paragraph 4, we can learn that ______.
A．role models usually have positive influence on their fans
B．sportsmen have the right to behave freely within the law
C．all the fans will follow their heroes’ actions
D．no duty is given to sportsmen
35．The underlined phrase thrust upon in paragraph 1 most probably means ______.
A．put off B．removed from C．related to D．forced on
36．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To advise the media to choose proper events to report.
B．To inform the public that sportsmen are no role models.
C．To remind the sportsmen of their social responsibilities.
D．To argue that sportsmen should not be expected as heroes.
Whether a person is considering starting a small business or changing career paths, passion must be taken into account. While characteristics such as strong values, talent, ambition, intellect, discipline, persistence (毅力), and luck all contribute to business and career success, following your passion can often make the most significant difference of all.
Before discussing passion and explaining its significance, we must first define the true meaning of success. Success is usually thought of as making large sums of wealth or achieving a certain level of fame, but true success that satisfies is not all about money.
Success is better defined as an achievement of a desired aim or purpose. More than money or fame, most people desire to combine their own passions with their work while making a sustainable income. The more you earn, the less money returns, making money an elusive (难以捉摸的) definition of success.
For most people, success means being proud of their achievements and being part of something that matters. This is particularly true when it comes to meaningful work. If a person decides to follow their passion, there is a greater likelihood that money and traditional success will follow because the time and effort invested in the adventure come with enthusiasm and zeal (热情).
If enthusiasm and passion are present, people tend to be more resilient (有承受力) when facing difficulties. People who are passionate about what they do, rather than just “in it for the money,” tend to be people who have more positive outlooks and can overcome difficulty through problem-solving.
Also, the more passionate someone is about their job, the more inclined (倾向于) they are to work hard on self-improvement, increasing their chances of success.
One of the most successful companies in the world is Apple. Apple’s founder and most remarkable leader was the late Steve Jobs. In an article titled “The Seven Success Principles of Steve Jobs”, writer Carmine Gallo outlines seven factors responsible for Jobs’ success. The article is based on interviews with Apple employees and Steve Jobs himself. The first principle “Do what you love.” Steve Jobs believed in the power of passion and once said, “People with passion can change the world for the better.” Jobs claimed that his passion for his work made all the difference.
37．In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ______.
A．introduce the topic B．make a comparison
C．present a problem D．give a definition
38．By saying “The more you earn, the less money returns, making money an elusive definition of success.” in Paragraph 3, the author means ______.
A．sometimes you don’t get much reward for your hard work
B．money doesn’t always define success
C．if you want to be successful, you need a steady income
D．the more you earn, the less money returns, which is not a sign of success
39．What could we learn from Paragraph 4
A．Most people intend to choose meaningful jobs.
B．If you follow most people’s course, success is just around the corner.
C．Working with enthusiasm is more likely to succeed.
D．If you are always proud of yourself, you will succeed easily.
40．What could be the best title for the passage
A．Steve Jobs and His Success Principles
B．Follow Your Passions, and Success Will Follow
C．Secrets to Success
D．Passion and Your Career
The annual marathon (马拉松) in my town occurred as scheduled. My job was to follow behind the runners in an ambulance in case any of them needed medical attention. As the athletes began to pace themselves, the front runners started to disappear. It was then that my eyes were drawn to the woman in blue running shorts and a baggy white T-shirt.
I knew we were already watching our “last runner”. Her feet were turned in, yet her left knee was turned out. Her legs were so crippled (跛足的) and bent that it seemed impossible for her to walk, not to mention run a marathon.
The driver and I watched in silence as she slowly moved forward. We would move forward a little bit, then stop and wait for her to gain some distance. Then we’d slowly move forward a little bit more. As I watched her struggle to put one foot in front of the other, I found myself breathing for her and urging her forward. I wanted her to stop, and at the same time, I prayed that she wouldn’t.
Finally she was the only runner left in sight. I sat on the edge of my seat and watched with respect and amazement as she pushed forward with strong determination through the last miles. When the finish line came into sight, the cheering crowds had long gone home. Yet standing straight and proud waited a man. He was holding one end of a ribbon tied to a post. She slowly crossed through, leaving both ends of the ribbon fluttering behind her.
I don’t know this woman’s name, but that day she became a part of my life — a part I often depend on. For her, it wasn’t about beating the other runners or winning a prize. It was about finishing what she had set out to do. When I think things are too difficult or I get those “I-just-can’t-do-it,” I think of the last runner. Then I realize how easy the task before me really is.
41．What words can best describe the woman
A．Proud and determined. B．Modest and courageous
C．Diligent and considerate. D．Strong-willed and honorable.
42．What has the author learnt from the woman
A．Don’t depend on others when facing difficulties.
B．Nothing is too tough to accomplish if one is brave enough.
C．It’s not winning but holding on straight to the end that really matters.
D．The disabled can also run a marathon despite their walking difficulty.
43．What could be the best title for the text
A．The Annual Marathon. B．The Last Runner.
C．An Unforgettable Job. D．Humorous Stranger.
Are you happy Do you remember a time when you were happy Are you seeking happiness today
Many have sought a variety of sources for their feelings of happiness. Some have put their heart and efforts into their work. Too many have turned to drugs and alcohol. Meanwhile, untold numbers have looked for it in the possession of expensive cars, exotic (异国的) vacation homes and other popular “toys”. Most of their efforts have a root in one common fact: people are looking for a lasting source of happiness.
Unfortunately, I believe that happiness escapes from many people because they misunderstand the journey of finding it. I have heard many people say that, “I’ll be happy when I get my new promotion,” or “I’ll be happy when I lose that extra20 pounds.” It is dangerous because it accepts that happiness is a “response” to having, being or doing something.
In life, we all experience stimulus (激励) and response. Today, some people think that an expensive car is stimulus. Happiness is a response. A great paying job is stimulus. Happiness is a response. A loving relationship is stimulus. Happiness is a response. This belief leaves us thinking and feeling: “I’ll be happy when...”
It has been my finding that actually the opposite is true. I believe that happiness is a stimulus and response is what life brings to those who are truly happy. When we are happy, we tend to have more success in our work. When we are happy, people want to be around us and enjoy loving relationships. When we are happy, we more naturally take better care of our bodies and enjoy good health. Happiness is not a response but a stimulus.
Happiness is a conscious choice we make every day of our lives. For unknown reason to me, many choose to be painful, unsuccessful and angry most of the time. Happiness is not something that happens to us after we get something we want—we usually get things we want AFTER we choose to be happy.
44．From the second paragraph, we know too many people __________.
A．all desire exotic vacation homes
B．are not happy when they work hard
C．are not happy when they drink or take drugs
D．are happy when they possess their own expensive cars
45．Generally speaking, most people feel happy because __________.
A．they get what they want to have
B．they get a great paying job
C．they get an expensive car
D．they think happiness is rooted in their deep hearts
46．Which of the following is right according to the author
A．Most people today are happy.
B．Work is a necessary part in our daily life.
C．We should try to get more and then we’ll be happy.
D．If you want to get what you want, you first choose to be happy.
47．From the viewpoint of the author, happiness is __________.
A．based on our needs B．out of reach
C．unconditional D．limited
参考答案：
1．B
2．B
3．D
4．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了布莱恩·施瓦茨(Brian Schwartz)成为疫情失业背景下，免费为社区的老年人和残疾人提供修剪草坪的服务，创办一个网站loanttomowyourlaen.com帮助更多需要服务的人，既帮助了别人，也升华了自己。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Brian Schwartz became one of the many to turn jobless under the epidemic.(布莱恩·施瓦茨(Brian Schwartz)成为疫情下失业的众多人之一。)”可知，失业使布莱恩陷入了困境。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“There was clearly a broader need for what he was offering. So he decided to launch a website, loanttomowyourlaen.com,and a kindness movement was born.(显然，他所提供的东西有更广泛的需求。于是，他决定创办一个网站loanttomowyourlaen.com，一场善意运动就此诞生)”可知，Brian创立网站是为了提供更广泛的服务。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““We are not only providing them with financial relief,” he says. “It’s mental and physical relief as well.”(“我们不仅为他们提供经济援助，”他说。“这是精神和身体上的放松。”)”可知，Brian的组织给人们精神上的支持以及直接的帮助。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“lwanttomouwyourlawn.com has become a passion. Not least of all for the benefits the kindness brings. “It stimulates my mind, my body and my soul just by helping others,” he says. “It’s a really good feeling. I feel like I’m doing something that has some meaning and purpose.”(Lwanttomouwyourlawn.com已经成为一种激情。尤其是这种善意所带来的好处。“通过帮助他人，它刺激了我的思想、身体和灵魂。这种感觉真的很好。我觉得我做的事情是有意义和目的的。”)”可知，我们从文章中能得出我们通过帮助别人而得到升华。故选C。
5．D
6．A
7．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了由于疫情原因，Harley University暂停了所有的校园参观活动。为了帮助高中毕业生了解报考Harley University的相关信息，Harley University将为高中毕业生提供在线信息课程。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, we write to you today to affirm our commitment to working with you and your students as they navigate the college search and application process.(然而，我们今天写信给您，确认我们的承诺，将与您和您的学生在大学搜索和申请过程中进行合作。)”以及第二段“To that end, we are pleased to announce that beginning on Tuesday, March 31, 2020, our office will be offering online information sessions for prospective students.(为此，我们很高兴地宣布，从2020年3月31日星期二开始，我们的办公室将为未来的学生提供在线信息课程。)”可知，这封信是为了告知由于疫情不能参观学校，所以Harley University决定提供网上信息课程，以帮助学生了解申请该大学的信息，即告知获取大学申请信息的其他方法。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, we write to you today to affirm our commitment to working with you and your students as they navigate the college search and application process.(然而，我们今天写信给您，确认我们的承诺，将与您和您的学生在大学搜索和申请过程中进行合作。)”，第二段“To that end, we are pleased to announce that beginning on Tuesday, March 31, 2020, our office will be offering online information sessions for prospective students.(为此，我们很高兴地宣布，从2020年3月31日星期二开始，我们的办公室将为未来的学生提供在线信息课程。)”以及“While designed for prospective students, counselors are welcome to join.(虽然是为未来的学生设计的，但欢迎辅导员加入。)”可知，在线信息课程是为即将毕业报考大学的高中生而准备的。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Much like our on-campus information sessions, these will consist of a one-hour discussion hosted by a Harley admission dean and a current student. (就像我们的校园信息会议一样，这些会议将包括一个小时的讨论，由哈雷大学的招生主任和一名在读学生主持。)”以及倒数第三段“While we are disappointed that campus visits are not currently possible, we are confident that these online sessions will provide the same accessibility, information, and enthusiasm as we introduce your students to the Harley community. (虽然我们对目前无法访问校园感到失望，但我们相信，这些在线课程将提供同样的便利、信息和热情，就像我们向您的学生介绍哈雷社区一样。)”可知，此次在线课程的功能和校园参观的功能几乎一致。故选C。
8．A
9．D
10．C
11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要列举了成为超级运动员所需要的因素。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“How does a person become an Olympic champion—someone capable of winning the gold In reality, a combination of biological, environmental, and psychological factors, as well as training and practice, all go into making a super athlete.(一个人如何成为奥运会冠军——一个有能力赢得金牌的人 事实上，生物、环境和心理因素的结合，以及训练和练习，都是造就超级运动员的关键。)”以及下文通过几个段落分别阐述了成为奥运冠军所需要的素质。所以这篇文章主要讲成为超级运动员的因素。故选A。
9．词句猜测题。根据划线词前半句“Olympic weightlifters, for example, have a large number of fast-twitch fibers in their muscles(例如，奥运会举重运动员的肌肉中有大量的快速收缩纤维)”可知，奥运会举重运动员的肌肉中的快速收缩纤维比普通人多得多。所以more指代的是“快速收缩纤维”故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第五段“Those raised at high altitudes in countries such as Kenya, Ethiopia, and Morocco have blood that is rich in hemoglobin. Large amounts of hemoglobin carry oxygen around the body faster, enabling these athletes to run better. (在肯尼亚、埃塞俄比亚和摩洛哥等高海拔国家长大的人，血液中富含血红蛋白。大量的血红蛋白在体内携带氧气的速度更快，使这些运动员跑得更好。)”可知，来自高海拔国家的运动员有血液中富含血红蛋白的优势。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据第六段“Greg Lougains, winner of four Olympic diving gold medals, says divers must train the same way to be successful: “You have less than three seconds from takeoff until you hit the water, so it has to be reflex. You have to repeat the divers hundreds, maybe thousands, of times.” (四枚奥运会跳水金牌得主格雷格 洛甘斯表示，跳水运动员必须以同样的方式训练才能成功：“你从起飞到落水只有不到三秒的时间，所以必须是条件反射。你必须重复潜水数百次，甚至数千次。”)”和最后一段“How do athletes adjust to such intense pressure Lougains explains how he learned to control his anxiety during a competition: “Most divers think too much…,” he says. “They’re too much in their heads. What worked for me was humor. I remember thinking about what my mother would say if she saw me do a bad dive. She’d probably just compliment me on the beautiful splash.”(运动员如何适应如此大的压力 洛甘斯解释了他是如何在比赛中学会控制焦虑的：“大多数跳水运动员想得太多了……”“他们脑子里想的太多了。对我有用的是幽默。我记得我在想，如果我妈妈看到我跳得不好，她会说什么。她可能只会称赞我漂亮的水花。”)”可知，跳水运动员格雷格 洛甘斯认为努力练习和训练是关键，但尽量不要把事情看得太严重。故选C。
12．D
13．A
14．D
15．A
【导语】这是一篇短片小说。短文是莫泊桑的短片小说《项链》。故事讲述了小公务员的妻子玛蒂尔德为参加一次晚会，向朋友借了一串钻石项链，来炫耀自己的美丽。不料，项链在回家途中不慎丢失。她只得借钱买了新项链还给朋友。为了偿还债务，她节衣缩食，为别人打短工，整整劳苦了十年。最后，得知所借的项链原是一串假钻石项链。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Mathilde surprises him by refusing to go and throws the invitation onto the floor. She gets upset and tells her husband that without a new gown and jewelry she cannot possibly attend the ball.(玛蒂尔德拒绝去，并把邀请扔到地板上，这让他很惊讶。她很生气，告诉丈夫如果没有新的礼服和珠宝，她不可能参加舞会)”推知，玛蒂尔德拒绝参加舞会是因为没有新的礼服和珠宝她会被人瞧不起。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段的“One evening, the triumphant Monsieur Loisel comes home and hands her an invitation to a ball at the Ministry of Public Instruction where he works. (一天晚上，得意洋洋的卢瓦塞尔先生回到家，递给她一张请柬，邀请她参加他工作的公共教学部举办的舞会)”，第三段的“When Madame Forestier sees how happy the necklace makes her friend feel she agrees to lend it to her for the ball.(当福雷斯蒂尔夫人看到这条项链让她的朋友感到多么高兴时，她同意把它借给她参加舞会)”，第六段的“The Loisels arrive home at the Rue des Martyrs, and Mathilde’s happiness turns to horror as she sees that the necklace is missing when she looks in the mirror to admire herself one more time.(卢瓦塞尔一家回到了Rue des Martyrs街的家，当玛蒂尔德再次对着镜子欣赏自己时，发现项链不见了，她的快乐变成了恐惧)”，第七段的“The jeweler offers the couple a similar necklace for thirty-six-thousand francs with the understanding that he will buy it back if they find the necklace before the end of February. (珠宝商以三万六千法郎的价格向这对夫妇提供一条类似的项链，条件是如果他们在二月底之前找到项链，他就把项链买回来)”，倒数第三段的“The next years are horrible for Mathilde, who works like a servant, her own servant having been dismissed. The Loisels move to cheaper housing. Mathilde dresses in work clothing and becomes responsible for doing all the family’s “odious” housework duties.(接下来的几年对马蒂尔德来说是可怕的，她像个仆人一样工作，自己的仆人也被解雇了。Loisel一家搬到了更便宜的房子。玛蒂尔德穿着工作服，负责做家里所有“讨厌”的家务)”，以及倒数第二段的“She explains that it was purchased with ten years of hard labour. She proudly describes how she met her obligation both to Madame Forestier and to society.(她解释说，这是用十年的艰苦劳动换来的。她自豪地描述了她如何履行对弗赖斯节夫人和社会的义务)”可知，故事的发展顺序是：丈夫带回一张请柬，玛蒂尔德借朋友的项链，发现项链丢失，丈夫买回一条钻石项链，夫妇两努力工作还债，玛蒂尔德对朋友讲述自己的英雄行为。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The necklace that she had loaned Mathilde was mere costume jewelry worth only five hundred francs.(她借给玛蒂尔德的那条项链只是一件装饰项链，只值五百法郎)”推知，Forestier没有打开装钻石项链的盒子是因为借给玛蒂尔德的项链不是真的，她根本不在乎。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Although from a family of clerks, she always felt she had “fallen from a higher station” and longs to be part of the upper class. With no prospect of meeting these dreams she marries a middle-class Parisian clerk. This leaves her unhappy, suffering from what she thinks as a life of poverty.(尽管她出身于一个职员家庭，但她总觉得自己“落伍了”，渴望成为上流社会的一部分。在没有实现这些梦想的前景下，她嫁给了一位巴黎中产阶级职员。这让她很不快乐，因为她认为自己的生活很贫穷)”以及她丢了“假”项链并花三万六千法郎购买钻石项链还给Forestier，以及通过自己的劳动还债推知，玛蒂尔德是一个不幸但诚实的人。故选A。
16．C
17．B
18．B
19．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了特雷弗·诺亚的著作《天生有罪》。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段“Born a Crime by Trevor Noah, who is now a daily show host, is an autobiography about Trevor’s life in Africa.(特雷弗·诺亚是一名每日节目主持人，他的《天生有罪》是一本讲述特雷弗在非洲生活的自传。)”可知，特雷弗·诺亚是一名节目主持人，他所著的《天生有罪》是一本关于他在非洲生活的自传。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据第三段“In Trevor’s whole early life, being mixed-race, he often wasn’t allowed to go outside during apartheid because the police could have taken him away; he couldn’t be seen with his parents and his mother had to pretend to be his maid when they were in public. Trevor struggled to fit in at school as he didn’t know which group to play with. (在特雷弗的整个早年生活中，作为一个混血儿，在种族隔离时期，他经常不被允许出门，因为警察可能会把他带走;他不能和他的父母在一起，当他们在公共场合时，他的母亲不得不假装是他的女佣。所以特雷弗得让他妈妈的朋友假扮他妈妈。特雷弗很难融入学校，因为他不知道该和哪个小组一起玩。)”可知，特雷弗早年很难融入校园生活。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据第二段“She gave him permission to dream beyond his circumstances.(她允许他超越自己的环境去梦想。)”可知，特雷弗的母亲鼓励他超越现有的限制。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s a story of survival against the odds and the human ability to transcend the limits of their origin.(这是一个在逆境中生存的故事，以及人类超越自身极限的能力。)”可知，《天生有罪》的主题是突破现有的限制，到达顶峰。故选C。
20．B
21．D
22．C
23．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。对植物来说，香味是与昆虫和其他动物互动的一种方式。它们对人的吸引力完全是偶然发生的。文章主要说明了植物是如何通过香味来保护自己以及繁殖的。
20．推理判断题。根据第二段中“If an insect chews through the leaves of some Bursera plants, out shoots a sticky, smelly liquid to trap it. Coyote tobacco plants are even more crafty: upon sensing the smell of hungry caterpillars, they produce volatiles that attract predators to kill the pests.(如果一只昆虫咬穿了一些Bursera植物的叶子，就会喷出一种粘性的、有臭味的液体来困住它。土狼烟草植物甚至更狡猾：一旦嗅到饥饿毛虫的气味，它们就会产生挥发物，吸引捕食者杀死害虫)”可推知，作者认同香味是植物保护自己的工具。故选B。
21．词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“to scare off competitors, Arab traders spread a legend about giant eagles that guarded cinnamon”可知，为了吓跑竞争对手，阿拉伯商人传播了一个关于守护肉桂的巨鹰的传说，可见有些香料非常珍贵，让商人通过传说来吓跑竞争对手。故画线词意思是“宝贵的”。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段“What is truly amazing is just how wily plants can be in using their scents for reproduction. White flowers often emit their scent at night to attract nocturnal pollinators such as moths. They produce a dilute nectar (稀释的花蜜) that encourages moths to keep moving, rather than linger at a single bloom—all the better to increase pollination. Other flowers change their fragrance after being successfully pollinated, as a signal for insects to go elsewhere.(真正令人惊奇的是植物在利用它们的气味进行繁殖时是多么的狡猾。白花通常在夜间散发气味，以吸引夜间传粉者，如飞蛾。它们产生稀释的花蜜，鼓励飞蛾不断移动，而不是停留在一个单一的花期，这更好地增加授粉。其他花朵在成功授粉后会改变它们的香味，作为昆虫转移到其他地方的信号)”可知，植物利用香味来吸引和赶走传粉者。故选C。
23．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Humans have long gained pleasure from the smells of the natural world. For the most part, though, human beings are not their target market. For plants, fragrances are a way to interact with insects and other animals. Their attraction for people happens simply by chance.(长期以来，人类一直从自然界的气味中获得快乐。不过，在大多数情况下，人类并不是它们的目标市场。对植物来说，香味是与昆虫和其他动物互动的一种方式。它们对人的吸引力完全是偶然发生的)”结合文章主要说明了植物是如何通过香味来保护自己以及繁殖的。可知，B选项“香味背后的聪明机智”最符合文章标题。故选B。
24．C
25．D
26．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公妮娅通过一次在交易会上的表现，成功地克服了与他人交流的恐惧，建立了通技巧和信心，出色地完成了工作的项目。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But Nia wanted to take steps to find a job and support herself. She finally took a deep breath and decided to give it a shot.”（但妮娅想找份工作养活自己。她终于深吸了一口气，决定试一试。）可知，她想找工作的愿望是让她最终决定尝试这个计划的。故选C项。
25．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Nia’s confidence grew with every interaction. By the end of the day, she was beaming. “I was so impressed by Nia. She really loved explaining to customers how to fire ceramic,” said Kate.”（每和妮娅交流一次，她的信心就增加一次。那天结束时，她满脸笑容。“妮娅给我留下了深刻的印象。她非常喜欢向顾客解释如何烧制陶瓷。”凯特说。）可知，这次交易会改变了妮娅的生活，因为她在互动中获得了自信。故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“With continued support from staff to build communication skills and confidence, Nia completed the Tile Project with flying colors.”（在工作人员的持续支持下，妮娅建立了沟通技巧和信心，出色地完成了瓷砖项目。）故可推知，关于妮娅，我们知道她最终成功地完成了这个项目。ABD选项与原文实意不符。故选C项。
27．A
28．B
29．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文介绍了患上了格林-巴利综合征的18岁男孩Mark Orsini的求学经历。
27．词句猜测题。根据第一段划线词上文“The wheelchair-bound young man, a patient of mine, was pushed to the lectern at the high school(那个坐轮椅的年轻人是我的一个病人，他被推到了高中的讲台上)”及下文“But Mark Orsini delivered a powerful speech and received a thunderous applause from his fellow students, who had wondered if he’d live to graduate.(但马克·奥西尼发表了一场强有力的演讲，并得到了同学们的雷鸣般的掌声，同学们曾怀疑他是否能活到毕业)”可推知，那个坐轮椅的年轻人被推到高中的讲台上发表毕业演说。由此可知，划线词的意思是“毕业”。故选A项。
28．细节理解题。根据第四段“The solution was remarkable: The Orsinis would sit at Mark’s side and recite the alphabet. When they got to a letter Mark needed to spell a word, he’d nod “yes”. They’d write it down, then start over and wait for him to nod again.(这个解决方案很了不起：奥尔西尼一家会坐在马克身边背诵字母表。当他们说到一个字母，马克需要拼写一个单词，他会点头“是”。他们会写下来，然后重新开始，等待他再次点头)”可知，马可的父母在学习上帮助了马可。故选B项。
29．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I wanted to tell him of my shame when my children tried to talk to me and I brushed them off because I didn’t have time to listen.(我想告诉他，当我的孩子们试图和我说话时，我没有理睬他们，我对此感到羞愧。因为我没有时间听他们说话)”可知，根据最后一段，作者对自己对待孩子的方式感到内疚。故选C项。
30．B
31．D
32．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲了作者的女儿患有脑瘫，在一位老师的帮助下，他的女儿增加了信心，可以和别人正常交流了，因此作者把这种特殊的教育方法用在家庭中，每天他们都会给彼此赞美。
30．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Everybody is a genius. But if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid.(每个人都是天才。但是，如果你以爬树的能力来判断一条鱼，那么它一辈子都会认为自己很笨)”和第二段“My five-year-old daughter Syona has cerebral palsy (脑瘫) and it means, combined with her communication and sight problems, that normal standard isn’t always an accurate measure of her abilities.(我5岁的女儿Syona患有脑瘫，这意味着，再加上她的沟通和视力问题，正常的标准并不总是对她能力的准确衡量)”和最后一段的“If we are reminded of our strengths on a regular basis, we will become increasingly confident about progress and success.(如果我们经常被提醒我们的优势，我们将对进步和成功越来越有信心)”可知，作者认为爱因斯坦说的这句话是非常正确的。故选B。
31．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“I couldn’t help but be reminded of Syona’s teacher and how she supports each kid in a very similar way. Ulmer recently shared a video of his teaching experience. “I have seen their confidence increase rapidly.” he said.(我不禁想起了Syona的老师，她以非常相似的方式支持每个孩子。Ulmer最近分享了一段他教学经历的视频。“我看到他们的信心迅速增强。”他说)”可知，Syona的老师帮助她的学生们增加了信心。故选D。
32．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I actually wonder what the influence would be if we did something similar to what Ulmer does with his students in our home. We’ve recently started our day by reminding each other of the good qualities we all have.(实际上，我想知道如果我们在家里像Ulmer那样对孩子，会有什么影响。最近，我们以提醒彼此我们都拥有的好品质开始了我们的一天)”可知，在作者家里发生的变化就是每天他们都会给彼此赞美。故选C。
33．A
34．B
35．D
36．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，很多有名的运动员成为孩子的偶像，他们的言行对崇拜他们的人有很大影响，因此应注意自身的言行，履行社会责任。
33．推理判断题。根据第一段“Arguably though, it is not until their talents are acknowledged (认可) by the public that they truly have greatness fallen upon them. (然而，尽管有争议，直到他们的才能得到公众的认可，他们才真正伟大。)”可知，第一段试图强调运动员的天赋被人们认可时才会变得伟大。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段“Of course there is no obligation for sportsmen to be good role models. There are no prison sentences, no fines, no community service—unless their behaviors are illegal.(当然，运动员没有义务成为好的榜样。没有监禁判决，没有罚款，没有社区服务——除非他们的行为是违法的。)”可知，运动员有在法律范围内自由行动的权利。故选B。
35．词句猜测题。根据划线短语前一句“Some are born great，some achieve greatness(有些人生来伟大，有些人通过努力获得伟大)”可知，划线短语所在句“and some have greatness thrust upon them”是讲述另一种变得伟大的方式，应是“被迫变得伟大”，所以thrust upon意为“被迫，强加于”。故选D。
36．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第二段最后一句“Due to this fascination, particularly with the massive influence of the media, it is more important than ever for these sportsmen to acknowledge their responsibility.(由于这种迷恋，尤其是媒体的巨大影响，对这些运动员来说，承认他们的责任比以往任何时候都重要。)”可知，本文主要讲述运动员成为很多人的偶像，他们的行为影响着崇拜他们的人，所以本文的目的是提醒运动员他们所承担的社会责任。故选C。
37．A
38．B
39．C
40．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍无论一个人是在考虑创业还是改变职业道路，激情都是必须考虑的因素，与价值观、天赋、抱负、智力、纪律、毅力和运气等特征相比，追随激情更有助于商业和事业的成功。
37．推理判断题。根据第一段“Whether an individual is considering starting a small business or changing career paths, passion must be taken into account. While characteristics such as strong values, talent, ambition, intellect, discipline, persistence (毅力), and luck all contribute to business and career success, following your passion can often make the most significant difference of all. (无论一个人是在考虑创业还是改变职业道路，激情必须考虑在内。尽管诸如强烈的价值观、天赋、抱负、智力、纪律、毅力和运气这些特点，都有助于企业和事业成功，追随你的激情会产生最显著的影响。)”可知，作者介绍了文章的主题：激情促成事业的成功，因此推断第一段的目的是介绍主题。故选A。
38．推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“The more you earn, the less money returns, making money an elusive(难以捉摸的) definition of success.(你赚的越多，金钱带来的回报就越少，这使得金钱成为成功的一个难以捉摸的定义。)”以及第二段的最后一句“Success is usually thought of as making large sums of wealth or achieving a certain level of fame, but true success that satisfies is not all about money. (成功通常被认为是获得大量的财富或获得一定程度的名声，但真正让人满意的成功并不全是金钱。)”、第三段的第二句“More than money or fame, most people desire to combine th阅读理解
Preschool Girl Lifts Old Man’s Spirits
When Tara Wood brought her daughter to a grocery store to buy the four-year-old some cupcakes, she had no idea that would be a life-changing experience.
As Tara pushed her daughter Norah around the store last month, she passed an old man who was by himself. The old man looked cold, until Norah shouted to him, “Hi! It’s my birthday today!” The man stopped and his demeanor changed from distant and serious to warm and friendly. “How old are you today ” the man asked. After some time talking together, Norah asked her mom to take a picture of her with her new friend “Mr. Dan”, Dan Peterson, 82. They hugged and after ten minutes went their separate ways. That could have been the end of the story. But it is actually the beginning of a special relationship.
Tara posted the picture of her daughter and Mr. Dan on Facebook and someone who recognized him reached out to her with his contact information. It turned out that Mr. Dan’s wife died in March and he had been suffering from depression and anxiety ever since. The person on Facebook told Tara that it was the first time they had seen Mr. Dan smile since the death of his wife. Knowing that, Tara contacted Mr. Dan, and ever since Norah and the 82-year-old have developed a friendship unlike any other. “She has shown me a depth of love, a depth that I didn’t know existed,” Mr. Dan told the reporter.
Mr. Dan told Tara that before meeting Norah, he hadn’t had one night of uninterrupted sleep. Anxiety kept him up at all hours and made him restless. After meeting Norah, he said he now sleeps soundly. For Mr. Dan’s 82nd birthday on October 20, the mother and the daughter brought balloons and presents — and, of course, cupcakes. Mr. Dan will also spend a day around Thanksgiving with Norah and her family. “If you don’t take the time to notice people, you will never know how you can positively impact a life,” Tara Wood said.
1．Mr. Dan looked cold because ________.
A．he felt lonely B．he disliked little kids
C．nobody had hugged him D．he knew little about Norah
2．How did Tara know more about Mr. Dan
A．From a news reporter. B．From a stranger.
C．From a shop assistant. D．From his neighbor.
3．What can we learn from the story
A．Giving makes a real difference.
B．It is important to respect each other.
C．We should not judge a person at first sight.
D．Good things will happen if one keeps trying.
It was a rainy, damp December day. I was headed to the store to pick up another week’s worth of food. I had put off shopping for Christmas presents until later in the month but wasn’t looking forward to the crowd of Christmas shoppers while I grabbed my groceries. I kept the CD player on while I drove to avoid the radio news. It only spoke of the world’s huge problems and how divided we all still were. And it usually just left me feeling helpless.
Still, I gave my son a dollar to put in the bell-ringer’s pot at the door to the store. We went in and soon filled our cart with food. Then we walked towards the self-checkout machines. I hated using them. I much preferred to chat with the friendly cashiers, but the line at them was five deep and I just didn’t have the time. As I pulled my cart up, I heard an old man at the machine next to mine grumbling (嘟囔) under his breath, trying his hardest not to curse. He only had a few items but every time he put his wrinkled, well-worn, twenty-dollar bill into the machine, the money was returned.
I quickly grabbed a newer twenty out of my purse and gave it to him. He thanked me with a warm smile and paid for his goods. I told him to keep his money but he insisted that I take his old, torn twenty. I nodded, put it in my coat pocket, and wished him a Merry Christmas.
After checking out, I remembered something Mother Teresa had once said about how we all can change the world. “Help one person at a time,” she said, “and always start with the person nearest you.” I reached into my pocket, smiled, and went outside. Then I dropped that torn twenty into the bell-ringer’s pot and walked to my car with my son happily.
4．Why did the author feel helpless
A．Radio provided unreliable news. B．There was always a Christmas rush.
C．People were disconnected from each other. D．Christmas was ruined by the terrible weather.
5．How did the author help the old man
A．By paying for his shopping items. B．By exchanging a newer note with him.
C．By teaching him how to use the machine. D．By calling out the friendly cashier in time.
6．Why did the author give twenty dollars to the bell-ringer
A．She wanted to pursue Mother Teresa’s ideas.
B．She desired to spread Mother Teresa’s words.
C．She expected to set a good example to her son.
D．She hoped to have a meaningful day with her son.
If you start a sentence with, “If I were you...” or find yourself scratching your head over a decision when the answer is crystal-clear, there’s a scientific reason behind it. Our own decision-making abilities can become exhausted over the course of the day causing indecision or poor choices, but choosing on behalf of someone else is an enjoyable task that doesn’t suffer the same difficulties.
“The problem is decision fatigue, a psychological phenomenon that causes harm to the quality of your choices after a long day of decision making,” says Evan Polman, a leading psychologist.
Physicians on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely to prescribe antibiotics (抗生素) to patients when it’s unwise to do so. “Presumably it’s because it’s simple and easy to write a prescription and consider a patient case closed rather than investigate further,” Polman says.
But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for someone else. When people imagine themselves as advisers, they feel less tired and rely less on decision shortcuts. “By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker, one does not suffer the consequences of decision fatigue,” he says. “It is as if there is something fun about making someone else’s choice.”
“Getting input from others not only offers a fresh perspective and thought process, it often also includes riskier choices. While this sounds undesirable, it can be quite good. When people experience decision fatigue, when they are tired of making choices, they have a tendency to choose to go with status quo,” says Polman. “But it can be problematic since a change in the course of action can be important and lead to a positive outcome.”
To achieve a successful outcome or reward, some level of risk is almost always essential. “People who are susceptible to decision fatigue will likely choose to do nothing over something,” he says. “That’s not to say risk is always good, but it is related to taking action, whereas decision fatigue assuredly leads to inaction and the possible chagrin (懊恼) of a decision maker who might otherwise prefer a new course but is unfortunately hindered.”
“Just because you can make good choices for others doesn’t mean you’ll do the same for yourself,” Polman cautions. “Research has found that women negotiate higher salaries for others than they do for themselves,” he says, adding that people slip in and out of decision roles.
7．What does the author say about people making decisions
A．They tend to make decisions the way they think advantageous to them.
B．They may become exhausted making too many decisions for themselves.
C．They show considerable differences in their decision-making abilities.
D．They are more cautious in making decisions for others than for themselves.
8．When do people feel less decision fatigue
A．When they take decision shortcuts.
B．When they have advisers to turn to.
C．When they have major decisions to make.
D．When they help others to make decisions.
9．What are people likely to do when decision fatigue sets in
A．They avoid trying anything new.
B．They turn to physicians for advice.
C．They tend to make risky decisions.
D．They adopt a totally new perspective.
10．What does the passage say about taking some risk in decision making
A．It will enable people to be more creative.
B．It will more often than not end in regret.
C．It is vital for one to reach the goal desired.
D．It is likely to bring about serious consequences.
Side hustles for college students deliver spending money while still offering the flexibility that a full class schedule requires.
Take class notes
One side hustle for college students involves taking notes in class and selling them.
Three sites — StudySoup, NexusNotes and Stuvia — offer attractive pay for uploading and selling class notes to other students at your university. Each has its own pay formula. But you usually get a bonus when someone signs up to get access to your notes, plus a payment for each set of notes that sell. Students say they can earn $250 to $500 per class, per semester. Because this job requires taking great class notes, you’re likely to do better in school.
Become a tutor
Many younger students have fallen behind academically as they struggled with distance learning. That opens an opportunity for those who have mastered a subject, from high school algebra to Spanish, to teach that subject to others. A number of tutoring platforms allow you to sign up and tutor online or in person.
Some of the best: Wyzant, Varsity Tutors, and, for those who want to teach music, LessonFace.
Be a survey taker
The best option in this category is a site called Prolific, which helps researchers find pre-screened survey participants. What makes this site better than most is that it asks you to answer qualifying questions — age, income, family status, etc. — in advance. Then, the site sends you only the surveys that you’re qualified to take. You’re given an estimate of the time it will require to take each survey and how much it pays. You decide whether it’s worth your time.
Charge scooters
Big campuses are often littered with electric scooters and bikes that can be unlocked and ridden around campus. Riders can drop the scooters just about anywhere. So scooter companies, such as Bird and Lime, enlist “chargers” and “juicers” to pick them up, charge them overnight and return them to a designated area early the next morning.
If you have a late class, there are two benefits to signing up to charge. First, you earn between $5 and $20 for each scooter you return fully charged. You also get to ride the scooters home for free, which isn’t a bad way to get back to your dorm.
11．Which site allows one to get paid by uploading their class notes
A．Prolific. B．LessonFace. C．Wyzant. D．StudySoup.
12．What may make Charge scooters attractive
A．It pays riders for charging scooters.
B．It provides more benefits for students.
C．It offers a means of free transportation.
D．It helps solve litter problem on campus.
13．The passage mainly introduces ________.
A．methods to do better in school
B．job options for college students
C．after-class activities for students
D．ways to meet a full class schedule
ECycling refers to the recycling of electronic items, which are becoming a common problem in American home and throughout the world. The EPA, or Environmental Protection Agency, has actually started a program to help and motivate the recycling of electronics.
To get the program to the regional and neighborhood levels, the EPA directed “Plug-In to eCycling Partners.” These partnerships support electronic reusing programs in individual communities. They provide local governments, retailers and manufacturers with opportunities to reuse and recycle their items. Those who make and offer electronic devices then promote programs and opportunities for consumers to reuse their second-hand electronic products. One of the EPA’s goals is to enlighten customers about why the recycling of electronics is so important. They likewise wish to make eCycling chances easily accessible to specific consumers and their family electronics. According to the EPA, the eCycling program has actually been quite successful. In 2008, the EPA collected 66.5 million pounds of electronic devices through their Plug-In Partners.
Local governments have actually likewise got on board and passed laws intended to handle used electronic devices. Huge corporations have actually introduced eCycling programs at their local retail stores. One seller offers customers small, medium and big boxes for sale, which the customers then load with used electronics and go back to the store. Typically, customers bring their recyclable electronics to a location. When the electronic items are gathered by the EPA (typically this is done by the Partners), they are reused or recycled.
Reused items are repaired and refurbished, and passed on to others as a contribution. You can repair or recondition your very own electronic devices too, extending the life of the items and conserving the energy of making new materials. Reusing electronic devices includes making use of the products and parts of the items. These materials and parts are then made use of to produce another item. This is more efficient than making items from new materials.
Some items that are commonly eCycled consist of televisions, computer monitors, printers, notebook computer, keyboards and cable televisions. Less usual items include copying machines, CD players, voice mail machines, computer hard drives, mobile telephones, remote controls, radios, batteries, telephones, facsimile machines and computer games. Occasionally, electronic items such as microwaves, fans, vacuums, smoke alarms, and toasters are eCycled.
As the eCycling program continues, you or your organization may want to get involved. Check the EPA’s internet site (www.epa.gov) for regional eCycling programs, or for details on how your company can participate. Their website has links to organizations that are taking part in the eCycling program.
14．The EPA brought about “Plug-In to eCycling Partners” to ________.
A．make and offer electronic devices to consumers
B．make customers understand the importance of eCycling
C．make it possible for consumers to reuse their used e-products
D．make the program accessible to local regions and communities
15．The Plug-In Partners are mainly engaged in ________.
A．offering customers different boxes for sale
B．reusing second-hand e-products
C．gathering recyclable electronics
D．repairing electronic device
16．What is the main purpose of this passage
A．To call on local governments to support Plug-In Partners.
B．To attract people to join in the eCycling programs.
C．To teach customers how to recycle electronics.
D．To introduce a new way to save costs.
As 17-year-old Norwood drove through St. Petersburg, Florida, last February, the laughter and chatter from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to screams. As they approached a crossroad, another car T-boned them, sending their black car sailing into the yard of a nearby house, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree.
As smoke rose from the other car, a bystander shouted, “It’s about to blow up! Get out!” .The impact had caved in Norwood’s driver’s side door, jamming it shut. Shaken, but still OK, she crawled out through the window. Along with two of her friends, who’d also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life.
But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn’t with them. Norwood ran back to the seriously damaged car and found Simmons lying in the back seat. “She wasn’t moving,” Norwood told the reporter. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out, avoiding the broken glass as best she could. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. “I checked her pulse.” Nothing. “I put my head against her chest.” No sign of life. “That’s when I started CPR.”
If the accident had happened a few weeks earlier, she might not have known what to do. But Norwood, who wants to pursue a career in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate just the day before. Kneeling on the lawn and looking down at her dying friend, Norwood knew she had precious little time to practice what she’d learned.
She started pressing Simmons’s chest with her crossed fingers and breathing into her friend’s mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life. No response. And then, after the 30th press, Simmons began coughing and gasping for air. The CPR had worked!
Soon, an ambulance arrived and rushed Simmons to the hospital, where she received stitches(缝合) for a wound in her forehead. And then she heard how her best friend had saved her life. “I wasn’t shocked,” said Simmons. “She will always help any way she can.”
17．Norwood ran back to the damaged car just in order to ______.
A．practice CPR B．help her friend out
C．open the back door D．stop the explosion
18．Which of the following words can best describe Norwood
A．Brave. B．Creative. C．Ambitious. D．Optimistic.
19．What’s the best title of the passage
A．Pursuit of dream B．Breath of life
C．Recovery from injury D．Loss of memory
Gas boilers, which are popular as a choice for heating our homes, are filled with problems. Lack of room-by-room control means you could be left cold and unhappy, meanwhile possibly polluting the environment with harmful gases. The inefficiency of gas heaters could also cost you hundreds of pounds in repairs.
The Future is Electric
The Fischer EB is an electric boiler that has been built with the future in mind. With no need for outside water tanks (置水箱), the Fischer EB is a modern and efficient heating solution to replace your outdated heating. Made from a special steel, Fischer EB is built to last and simple to operate. And with no additional need for servicing, you can enjoy peace of mind knowing there is no risk of your boiler breaking down.
Complete Control
Fischer EB comes with a wireless thermostat (恒温计) that has been designed for easy and simple use. Program your Fischer EB boiler to make sure you are getting the right temperature when you need it. No wasted heat, no wasted energy and no more fear when the weather takes a turn for the worse. At the touch of a button you will experience the warmth and comfort of Fischer EB．
Make a difference to the environment
Fischer Electric Boilers run only on electricity, meaning if you are supplied with renewable energy you can heat your home without worrying about any harmful gases or pollutants. Installation (安装) is easy and simple. You can relax when knowing there is no need for maintaining or service.
A cleaner future
Act now! Apply an energy efficient Fischer Electric boiler and replace your huge, inefficient gas or oil boiler. Benefit from controllability and comfort this winter. You can learn more about Fischer EB by calling 0800 1032 672 or by visiting the website at: www..
20．The Fischer EB is environmental friendly mainly because ______.
A．it runs only on electricity B．it’s simple to operate
C．it costs less money in repairs D．it’s easy to maintain
21．With a Fischer EB, people can control the temperature by ______.
A．using a special steel B．programming the boiler
C．installing a water tank D．adding an extra button
22．The purpose of the passage is to ______.
A．find an applicant B．share a technology
C．introduce a service D．promote a product
My home is in Demonton near a river valley. It is a beautiful area that has been made into a park with meters of hiking trails (小路) along the river.
One day I discovered a trail I had never seen before. It was extremely steep and very slippery as it was covered with ice. I was alone at the time and even though I was terrified, I still wanted to go for a walk. Just this thought made my heart beat faster. I shook, not from the cold, although it was probably around -15℃, but from the fear. I knew I had to do it.
I moved forward slowly and put one foot on the trail, then the other. Thus I continued, one foot in front of the other I went very slowly down the trail, shaking with every step. I was sweating despite my cold. I had no idea how long it would take me to travel along the trail, but I didn’t care. I just wanted to conquer my fear.
At last, I succeeded! At least that’s how I felt. I nearly ran down the trail. Well, not exactly ran, but it felt like that compare with my extremely slow speed in the beginning.
Maybe you don’t think this is much of a story, but I just want to tell you that we never know what’s around the corner. If you compare this story to life, you’ll see that we have no idea where life is going to take us, or how many easy or difficult trails there are to choose from until we make a choice! The point is: we have the freedom to choose!
23．Which of the following words can best describe the trail the author discovered
A．Steep and muddy. B．Icy and slippery.
C．Rough and wide. D．Narrow and wet.
24．What do we know about the author
A．He liked taking adventures. B．He covered the trail with fear.
C．He ran quickly along the trail. D．He went down the trail with his friend.
25．We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．it was very warm that day
B．the trail was not far from the river
C．the trail was far from the author’s home
D．the author had walked along the trail before
26．By talking about his experience, the author mainly wants to tell us that ________.
A．Rome was not built in a day
B．things may not seem so dangerous in the end
C．it’s worth challenging our fears and pushing on
D．we don’t have the freedom to do anything we like
When I give public lectures about the climate crisis, the most common question people pose is: “Are you an optimist or a pessimist ”
My answer is yes. California has achieved dramatic emissions reductions in a thriving economy, which makes me hopeful, yet in general the fossil-fuel industry is determined not to change. The second most common question is: “What can I, personally, do ”
That’s a tough one. The major drivers of climate change are collective enterprises such as power grids, industry, large-scale agriculture and transportation systems. Substantial emissions reductions in these settings most likely will not come from personal actions; they will come from laws and policies such as carbon-pricing systems, revised building codes and supports for green investment.
Some people have argued that calls for individual action actually distract us from corporate responsibility. That could explain why the fossil-fuel industry is fond of such requests. Oil giant BP popularized and promoted the idea of a carbon footprint, deflecting attention to its customers who, it suggests, should take personal responsibility by lowering their carbon footprints. One study found that focusing on individual activity actually undermines support for more effective policy initiatives such as a carbon tax. Another problem with personal behavior is that people do not like to be told what to do.
Yet individual acts can grow into influential group activity. One effective act, and one that can be amplified, is to eat less red meat. Cutting meat consumption is a powerful and personal thing most Americans can do to tackle the climate crisis, and they can do it immediately. About 40 percent of greenhouse gases come from agriculture, deforestation and other land-use changes. Meat — particularly beef — drives climate change in two ways: first, through cows’ emission of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, and second, by destroying forests as they are converted to grazing land to satisfy the global demand for beef. By eating less beef, we can start to decrease that demand. You do not have to become a vegan to do this. If every person in the U.S. cut their meat consumption by 25 percent, it would reduce annual greenhouse gas emissions by 1 percent. That might not sound like a lot, but it would help protect the rain forest, so the positive effects — including reduced water and fertilizer use, improved biodiversity and safeguarded rights of indigenous peoples — would be amplified.
Perhaps most important, social action is contagious — in a good way. If lots of us begin to eat less meat and if we talk about it constructively, we will likely influence others. Pretty soon the 1 percent reduction becomes 2 percent or more. Reduced demand for meat could motivate my local supermarket to carry better produce, making it easier for me and my neighbors to prepare a few more satisfying meat-free meals. Ultimately changes in demand will influence industry. Forty years ago few mainstream supermarkets carried organic products; now nearly all do. Consumer demand did that.
Cutting back on red meat also has the added benefit of being good for your health. So while I wouldn’t advise governments to order people to stop eating hamburgers, if anyone asks, “What can I do ” a simple and accurate answer is: “Eat less meat. It’s in your control, and you can begin right now. It benefits both you and the planet.”
27．Which one plays the most decisive role in emissions reductions according to the passage
A．Individual actions. B．Fossil-fuel industries.
C．The thriving economy. D．Effective laws and policies.
28．What do we learn from the passage
A．Indigenous peoples turn forests into grazing land.
B．Meat is considered as the biggest driver of climate change.
C．Small individual acts can make a big difference collectively.
D．Most Americans have to become vegans to tackle the climate crisis.
29．What does the underlined word “contagious” in Paragraph 6 mean
A．Appealing. B．Poisonous. C．Harmonious. D．Spreading.
30．What is the purpose of the author writing this passage？
A．To explain ways to reduce carbon footprint.
B．To persuade people to cut meat consumption.
C．To evaluate the effects of healthy eating habits.
D．To argue against the emission policies of industries.
About 20 years ago, Daniel Hoffman, a classically trained violinist met a young musician playing in the town square in Marrakech, an ancient city in Morocco. They communicated in the little French they both knew, but their main common language was music. On the back of a motorbike of the fellow violinist, Hoffman weaved through the back streets of the city and then learned his first lessons in Andalusian music, the classical music of North Africa.
That experience gave birth to an idea: What would it be like to try to learn how to play different violin styles around the world in just one week Oh. yes, and at the end of that week, play a concert. He even got a name for the concept “musical extreme sports”.
It took him almost two decades to launch that dream with a friend, who introduced him to the wonders of Kickstarter, a funding platform for creative projects. Up to now, the dream has taken the form of a new documentary currently airing on American public television stations called “Otherwise, It’s Just Firewood.”
In the documentary, Hoffman travels to County Clare, Ireland, where he takes lessons with James Kelly, a master Irish violin player, for less than a week and then performs together with him in front of an audience, many of whom are star Irish musicians.
The film is what Hoffman hopes will be the first of an eventual series of short documentaries, showing him learning to play the violin in a variety of styles, including the folk music of south India, Sweden, Greece, Romania, and West Virginia.
That would add to his extensive repertoire (全部曲目), which already includes Balkan, Middle Eastern, and Turkish styles. “The big joke is what’s the difference between the fiddle and the violin It’s the person who plays it,” says Niall Keegan, a traditional flute player. “It’s the music you make on it that makes it Irish or English or French or classical or jazz or whatever else. It’s how we imagine it and how we create through it that make it and give it character.”
“Otherwise, it’s just firewood,” he says, words that became the film’s title.
31．Where does Hoffman’s idea of musical extreme sports come from
A．His exploration of the local music.
B．His cooperation with the young violinist.
C．His sightseeing tour on a motorbike seat.
D．His constantly changing taste in violin styles.
32．According to the passage, the series of documentaries ________.
A．help Hoffman to become a master violin player
B．are funded by American public television stations
C．introduce different styles of musicians around the world
D．record Hoffman’s experience in learning various violin styles
33．The title of the documentary “Otherwise, It’s Just Firewood” is used to emphasize ________.
A．the power of diversified artistic expression
B．the pleasure in learning traditional music
C．the technique of instrument playing
D．the importance of famous artists
参考答案
1．A
2．B
3．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章从一开始小女孩通过和老人聊天、拥抱成为朋友，老人情绪低落的情况得到好转，后来得知老人的情况后，女孩和妈妈一起为老人庆生。文章体现了“给予别人关心和爱为老人带来的积极影响”。
1．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“As Tara pushed her daughter Norah around the store last month, she passed an old man who was by himself. ”（上个月，当塔拉推着女儿诺拉逛商店时，她路过一位独自一人的老人）和第三段中的“It turned out that Mr. Dan’s wife died in March and he had been suffering from depression and anxiety ever since.”（结果发现，丹先生的妻子于今年3月去世，此后他一直患有抑郁症和焦虑症）可知，老人的妻子过世后他独自一人，变得抑郁焦虑。由此推知，老人冷漠是因为他很孤独。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Tara posted the picture of her daughter and Mr. Dan on Facebook and someone who recognized him reached out to her with his contact information.”（塔拉把女儿和丹的照片发布在Facebook上，一个认出丹的人向她提供了他的联系方式）和“The person on Facebook told Tara that it was the first time they had seen Mr. Dan smile since the death of his wife. ”（Facebook上的这名人士告诉塔拉，这是他们第一次在他妻子去世后看到丹微笑）可知，是Facebook上的网友告诉塔拉关于丹先生的事情，Facebook上的网友是塔拉不认识的陌生人。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When Tara Wood brought her daughter to a grocery store to buy the four-year-old some cupcakes, she had no idea that would be a life-changing experience.”（当塔拉·伍德带着女儿到一家杂货店给四岁的孩子买一些纸杯蛋糕时，她不知道这会是一次改变人生的经历）和最后一段中的“If you don’t take the time to notice people, you will never know how you can positively impact a life,” Tara Wood said.（塔拉·伍德说：“如果你不花时间去关注别人，你就永远不知道如何才能对生活产生积极的影响。”）并结合文章内容小女孩通过和老人聊天、拥抱成为朋友，老人情绪低落的情况得到好转，后来得知老人的情况后，女孩和妈妈一起为老人庆生，可推断出生活中我们要多关注他人，给予他人关心和温暖，因为给予会产生巨大影响。故选A项。
4．C
5．B
6．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在一次去商店买东西的时候，帮助了一个在自助结账机结账时遇到问题的人的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“I kept the CD player on while I drove to avoid the radio news. It only spoke of the world’s huge problems and how divided we all still were. And it usually just left me feeling helpless. (我开车时一直开着CD播放机，以避开广播新闻。它只谈论世界上的大问题，以及我们之间仍然存在的分歧。这通常只会让我感到无助)”可知，因为作者认为人与人之间的联系并不密切存在，人与人之间的联系被切断，所以作者感到无助。故选C项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“He only had a few items but every time he put his wrinkled, well-worn, twenty-dollar bill into the machine, the money was returned. I quickly grabbed a newer twenty out of my purse and gave it to him.(他只有几样东西，但每次他把皱巴巴的、破旧的20美元钞票放进机器里，钱就被退回了。我很快从钱包里掏出一个更新一些的20美元给了他)”以及“I told him to keep his money but he insisted that I take his old, torn twenty.(我告诉他留下他的钱，但他坚持要我拿走他那破旧的20美元)”可知，作者通过和老人交换了一张新的钞票来帮助老人。故选B项。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段“After checking out, I remembered something Mother Teresa had once said about how we all can change the world. “Help one person at a time,” she said, “and always start with the person nearest you.” (结账后，我想起了特蕾莎修女曾经说过的关于我们如何改变世界的话。“一次帮助一个人，”她说，“总是从离你最近的人开始。”)”可知，作者给了敲钟人20美元是因为作者想到了特蕾莎修女的话，想要贯彻特蕾莎修女的想法。故选A项。
7．B
8．D
9．A
10．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍决策疲劳的概念、行为表现及后果，还说明了在决策中承担一定风险的重要性。
7．细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“Our own decision-making abilities can become exhausted over the course of the day causing indecision or poor choices, but choosing on behalf of someone else is an enjoyable task that doesn’t suffer the same difficulties.（我们自己的决策能力可能会经历一整天后耗尽，导致我们犹豫不决或做出糟糕的选择，但为他人做选择是一项令人愉快的任务，此时不会遇到这种困难。）”可知，为他人做决策的时候不会觉得疲劳，而为自己做决定时，尤其是过了一整天，做了太多的决定后，就会变得十分疲劳。故选B项。
8．细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for someone else.（但是当你在为他人做决定时，你就不会轻易产生决策疲劳。）”可知，当我们帮助他人做决定的时候，我们就没有感到决策疲劳。故选D项。
9．细节理解题。根据第五段的第三句“When people experience decision fatigue, when they are tired of making choices, they have a tendency to choose to go with status quo.（人们变得决策疲劳时——当他们厌倦了做决定时——他们往往会选择维持现状。）”可知，人们变得决策疲劳时，他们往往会选择维持现状，也就是避免尝试新的事物。故选A项。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第一句“To achieve a successful outcome or reward, some level of risk is almost always essential.（为了获得成功的结果或回报，一定程度的风险几乎总是必不可少的。）”可知，要想实现既定目标，在决策过程中冒一定的风险是十分重要的。故选C项。
11．D
12．A
13．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四份适合大学生的兼职。
11．细节理解题。根据Take class notes部分“Three sites — StudySoup, NexusNotes and Stuvia — offer attractive pay for uploading and selling class notes to other students at your university. (studsoup、NexusNotes和Stuvia这三个网站为上传和出售课堂笔记给你所在大学的其他学生提供了诱人的报酬)”可知，四个选中只有StudySoup允许通过上传课堂笔记来获得报酬。故选D项。
12．细节理解题。根据Charge scooters部分“If you have a late class, there are two benefits to signing up to charge. First, you earn between $5 and $20 for each scooter you return fully charged. You also get to ride the scooters home for free, which isn’t a bad way to get back to your dorm.(如果你有晚课，报名充电有两个好处。首先，每还一辆充满电的小型摩托车，你就能赚5到20美元。你还可以免费骑摩托车回家，这是回宿舍的好方法)”可知，Charge scooters吸引人的地方是它会给为小型摩托车充电的骑车人付钱。故选A项。
13．主旨大意题。通过全文，并结合第一段“Side hustles for college students deliver spending money while still offering the flexibility that a full class schedule requires.(适合大学生的兼职，既能得到零用钱，又能保证完整课程表所要求的灵活性)”可知，本文主要介绍了四份适合大学生的兼职。故选B项。
14．D
15．C
16．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了eCycling这一项目的开展情况和人们的参与情况。
14．细节理解题。根据第二段“To get the program to the regional and neighborhood levels, the EPA directed “Plug-In to eCycling Partners.”(为了将该项目推广到地区和社区层面，美国环境保护署指导了Plug-In to eCycling Partners项目。)”可知，美国环境保护署推出了Plug-In to eCycling Partners计划，是为了使当地地区和社区都可以使用该项目。故选D项。
15．细节理解题。根据第二段“They provide local governments, retailers and manufacturers with opportunities to reuse and recycle their items. Those who make and offer electronic devices then promote programs and opportunities for consumers to reuse their second-hand electronic products.(它们为地方政府、零售商和制造商提供了重复使用和回收其产品的机会。然后，那些制造和提供电子设备的公司会为消费者提供重复使用二手电子产品的项目和机会。)”可知，Plug-In Partners主要从事的活动是收集可回收利用的电子产品。故选C项。
16．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As the eCycling program continues, you or your organization may want to get involved. Check the EPA’s internet site (www.epa.gov) for regional eCycling programs, or for details on how your company can participate. Their website has links to organizations that are taking part in the eCycling program.(随着eCycling计划的继续，您或您的组织可能希望参与其中。查看美国环境保护署的网站（www.epa.gov）了解区域eCycling项目，或了解贵公司如何参与的详细信息。他们的网站上有与参与电子产品回收项目的组织的链接。)”可知，本文的主要目的是吸引人们参加eCycling项目。故选B项。
17．B
18．A
19．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁的Norwood在遭遇车祸后，如何用自己所学的心肺复苏术及时救助了好朋友。
17．细节理解题。根据第三段“But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn’t with them. Norwood ran back to the seriously damaged car and found Simmons lying in the back seat. “She wasn’t moving,” Norwood told the reporter. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out, avoiding the broken glass as best she could.(但是走到一半的时候，她发现她最好的朋友Simmons没有和他们在一起。Norwood跑回损坏严重的汽车，发现Simmons,躺在后座上。“她没有动，” Norwood告诉记者。她猛地打开后门，把她的朋友拉了出来，尽量避开破碎的玻璃。)”可知，Norwood跑回受损的汽车是为了帮助她的朋友脱险。故选B。
18．推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“As smoke rose from the other car, a bystander shouted, “It’s about to blow up! Get out!” .（当另一辆车冒出浓烟时，一名旁观者喊道：“就要爆炸了！快出去！”）”和第三段“But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn’t with them. Norwood ran back to the seriously damaged car and found Simmons lying in the back seat. “She wasn’t moving,” Norwood told the reporter. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out, avoiding the broken glass as best she could. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. (但是走到一半的时候，她发现她最好的朋友Simmons没有和他们在一起。Norwood跑回损坏严重的汽车，发现Simmons,躺在后座上。“她没有动，” Norwood告诉记者。她猛地打开后门，把她的朋友拉了出来，尽量避开破碎的玻璃。她把Simmons拖了几英尺到安全的地方，把她放在地上。)”可知，Norwood明知有危险，还去救朋友，表现出了勇敢的品质。故选A。
19．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“She started pressing Simmons’s chest with her crossed fingers and breathing into her friend’s mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life.(她开始用交叉的手指按压西蒙斯的胸部，向她朋友的嘴里呼吸，希望能让生命之吻充满她的肺部。)”及全文可知，文章主要讲述的是Norwood在遭遇车祸后，冒着汽车爆炸的危险救出自己的朋友，当发现朋友没有气息时，她又用自己的急救知识为朋友施行心肺复苏术，成功救了自己的朋友。所以朋友重新恢复气息时，象征着朋友活了下来。所以“Breath of life (生命的呼吸)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
20．A
21．B
22．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一则广告，主要介绍了Fischer EB电锅炉。
20．第一句细节理解题。根据第四段“Fischer Electric Boilers run only on electricity, meaning if you are supplied with renewable energy you can heat your home without worrying about any harmful gases or pollutants.( Fischer电锅炉只靠电力运行，这意味着如果你使用的是可再生能源，你就可以为你的家供暖，而不用担心任何有害气体或污染物。)”可知，Fischer电锅炉环保的主要原因是它只靠电力运行。故选A。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段第一二句“Fischer EB comes with a wireless thermostat(恒温计) that has been designed for easy and simple use. Program your Fischer EB boiler to make sure you are getting the right temperature when you need it.(Fischer EB配备了一个无线恒温器，其设计目的是方便和简单的使用。给你的Fischer EB锅炉编程，确保你在需要的时候得到正确的温度。)”可知，人们在使用Fischer EB电锅炉的时候，可以通过对温度编程来控制温度。故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据最后一段前三句“Act now! Apply an energy efficient Fischer Electric boiler and replace your huge, inefficient gas or oil boiler. Benefit from controllability and comfort this winter.(现在就行动！使用节能的Fischer电锅炉，取代你的巨大，低效的燃气或燃油锅炉。这个冬天您将从可控性和舒适性中获益。)”可推断，文章的主要目的是推销这款产品。故选D。
23．B
24．B
25．B
26．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述的是作者克服恐惧走过一条较险的小路的故事，由此告诉大家克服恐惧，勇往直前。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“It was extremely steep and very slippery as it was covered with ice.”（它非常的陡，而且很滑，因为路面结满了冰。）可知，这条路很陡，而且结满了冰。故选B项。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段的倒数第二句“I shook, not from the cold, although it was probably around -15°C, but from the fear.”（我颤抖着，是因为害怕，而不是因为冷，尽管当时可能零下15度左右。）可知，当作者产生要走这条小路的想法时就已经害怕得发抖了。第三段的前三句“I moved forward slowly and put one foot on the trail, then the other. Thus I continued, one foot in front of the other I went very slowly down the trail, shaking with every step. I was sweating despite my cold.”（我慢慢地往前挪，先一只脚踩在小路上，然后另一只脚再踩在上面。于是我继续往前走，双脚前后交替着慢慢地沿着小路走下去，每走一步都会发抖。尽管我觉得冷，但我还是出汗了。）描述的是作者走这条小路的动作，从慢慢地往前挪，每走一步都会发抖等细节可以看出作者是带着恐惧走这条小路的。故选B项。
25．推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句“It is a beautiful area that has been made into a park with meters of hiking trails (小路) along the river.”（这个地区很美，已建成公园，沿河有几米长的徒步小路。）可知，这条小路离小河不远。故选B项。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段“ If you compare this story to life, you’ll see that we have no idea where life is going to take us, or how many easy or difficult trails there are to choose from until we make a choice! The point is: we have the freedom to choose!”（如果你把这个故事和生活相比较，你会发现我们不知道生活将带我们去哪里，也不知道有多少容易或困难的道路可以选择，直到我们做出选择!关键是:我们有选择的自由!）以及通读全文，作者讲述的这个经历是：面对着一条较险的小路，作者心生恐惧，但是最终仍然克服了恐惧，成功地走过了这条小路，所以作者是想借自己的经历告诉我们要挑战恐惧，继续向前，C项符合题意。故选C项。
27．D
28．C
29．D
30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过个人的努力，也可以为减少碳足迹贡献自己的力量。
27．细节理解题。根据第三段“they will come from laws and policies such as carbon-pricing systems, revised building codes and supports for green investment.(它们将来自法律和政策，如碳定价体系、修订的建筑法规和对绿色投资的支持。)”可知，有效的法律和政策在减排中起决定性作用。故选D。
28．推理判断题。根据第五段“Yet individual acts can grow into influential group activity. (然而，个人行为可以发展成有影响力的群体活动。)”及下文所举少吃肉的例子可推断，小的个人行为可以产生大的影响。故选C。
29．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Reduced demand for meat could motivate my local supermarket to carry better produce, making it easier for me and my neighbors to prepare a few more satisfying meat-free meals. (如果我们很多人开始少吃肉，如果我们建设性地谈论它，我们很可能会影响其他人。很快，1%的减少就变成了2%或更多。)”可知，社会行动具有传染性。所以contagious为“感染性的；传播性的”之意。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So while I wouldn’t advise governments to order people to stop eating hamburgers, if anyone asks, “What can I do ” a simple and accurate answer is: “Eat less meat. It’s in your control, and you can begin right now. It benefits both you and the planet.”(所以，虽然我不会建议政府下令人们停止吃汉堡包，但如果有人问：“我能做什么 ”一个简单而准确的回答是:“少吃肉。”一切都在你的掌控之中，你现在就可以开始。这对你和地球都有好处。”)”及全文可推断，作者写这篇文章的目的是解释如何通过个人努力减少碳足迹的方法。故选A。
31．A
32．D
33．A
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小提琴家Daniel Hoffman尝试学习如何演奏世界各地不同风格的小提琴，并将这段经历拍成了纪录片。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段“On the back of a motorbike of the fellow violinist, Hoffman weaved through the back streets of the city and then learned his first lessons in Andalusian music, the classical music of North Africa. (坐在小提琴手同伴的摩托车后座上，霍夫曼穿梭于城市的后街，然后开始学习安达卢西亚音乐，这是北非的古典音乐。)”和第二段“That experience gave birth to an idea: What would it be like to try to learn how to play different violin styles around the world in just one week Oh. yes, and at the end of that week, play a concert. He even got a name for the concept ‘musical extreme sports’. (这段经历让我产生了一个想法：在短短一周的时间里，尝试学习如何演奏世界各地不同风格的小提琴，会是什么感觉 哦。是的，在那个周末，开一场音乐会。他甚至为“音乐极限运动”这个概念取了个名字。)”可知，霍夫曼关于音乐极限运动的想法来自于对北非当地音乐的探索。故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据第五段“The film is what Hoffman hopes will be the first of an eventual series of short documentaries, showing him learning to play the violin in a variety of styles, including the folk music of south India, Sweden, Greece, Romania, and West Virginia. (霍夫曼希望这部电影能成为一系列短纪录片的第一部，展示他如何学习以各种风格拉小提琴，包括南印度、瑞典、希腊、罗马尼亚和西弗吉尼亚州的民间音乐。)”可知，这个系列纪录片记录了霍夫曼学习各种小提琴风格的经历。故选D。
33．推理判断题。根据第六段“‘The big joke is what’s the difference between the fiddle and the violin It’s the person who plays it,’ says Niall Keegan, a traditional flute player. ‘It’s the music you make on it that makes it Irish or English or French or classical or jazz or whatever else. It’s how we imagine it and how we create through it that make it and give it character.’ (“最大的笑话是fiddle和violin有什么区别 ”，传统长笛演奏家尼尔·基根说：“是你在上面演奏的音乐让它成为爱尔兰音乐、英国音乐、法国音乐、古典音乐、爵士乐或其他任何音乐。是我们如何想象它，如何通过它创造，成就并赋予了它个性。”)”可推知，小提琴的价值在于多元的艺术表现，你在上面演奏的音乐赋予它个性，“否则，它就是一根木柴”，所以纪录片的标题“Otherwise, It’s Just Firewood”强调了多元艺术表达的力量。故选A。阅读理解
Think of somebody you really admire. You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily. As the “Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)”, Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life working to reduce world hunger and helping to feed the country with the largest population.
Wu Mengchao, the “Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary Surgery(肝胆外科)”, focused on saving people’s lives for nearly eighty years. He performed more than 16,000 operations during his life. Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time deformed his fingers, which are not in the shape of normal ones. Wu once said, “It would my greatest happiness if I could work at the operating table until my dying day.”
In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria(疟疾), Tu Youyou, the pharmacologist(药学家) took on the job as head of a research team. She and her teammates performed different kinds of experiments. However, the results were disappointing. Instead of giving up They kept trying. Finally, in 1972, they made it! In 2015, at the age of 85, she received Nobel Prize.
Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb(灯泡) believed that every failure was a step towards success. He once said, “If I find 10,000 ways something won’t work, I haven’t failed. I am not discouraged, because every wrong try is another step forward.”
Some people only became successful after their deaths. Not like Pablo Picasso who became famous and very rich during his lifetime, the artist Vincent van Gogh only sold one painting all through his life and that was to a friend. But he kept painting and he painted more than 2,000 artworks in the following ten years. Now his paintings are very popular and they sell for millions of pounds.
One thing all these people have in common is sticking to their goals no matter what.
1．What do Yuan Longping and Wu Mengchao have in common
A．They succeeded in solving world problems.
B．They spent all their lives serving people.
C．They achieved a lot in the medical field.
D．They are remembered for their happiness.
2．The underlined phrase deformed his fingers could be replaced by.
A．changed the shape of his fingers B．made him feel down
C．gave him too much pressure D．got his fingers cut off
3．It is clear that _____.
A．Pablo Picasso became famous after his death
B．Vincent van Gogh painted 2,001 artworks in his life
C．it took Tu Youyou’s team about 3 years to reach their goal
D．Thomas Edison tried 10,000 ways before he invented the light bulb
4．What does the writer mainly want to tell us
A．Not everyone can be successful.
B．The more difficulties, the better.
C．Great achievements aren’t made naturally.
D．Great hopes make great men.
Li Zixuan is a junior middle school student. He is now studying in Grade 9. He has had many dreams since he was little. But as time goes by, some new dreams have appeared and some old ones have disappeared. However, only one dream is still in his mind.
Li Zixuan says that when he was a child, he heard about rockets and spaceships. At first, he didn’t know what they were. From his father, he knew that scientists made rockets to carry things into space, and spaceships were used to carry people through space. From then on, he has had a real interest in space. Every time he sees beautiful stars and the moon in the sky at night, he gets very excited. He is always dreaming that he can fly to space to look at the earth one day. His mother knows about his dream and often encourages him.
In school, Li Zixuan learned that the first man flew into space in 1961 and later, more astronauts succeeded in traveling into space. Some astronauts even landed on the moon. His teacher always encourages him to learn more. He knows not everyone has a chance to travel into space. More importantly, before he can fly to space, he must be trained specially.
Li Zixuan knows it’s not easy to achieve his dream, but he decides to try his best. He says I’ve had this dream for many years. It has brought me a lot of joy and always gives me power. Even if it doesn’t come true in the end, I won’t be sorry.”
5．What does the boy want to be when he grows up
A．A scientist. B．A pilot. C．An engineer. D．An astronaut.
6．Who told the boy something about rockets and spaceships
A．His father. B．His mother. C．His teacher. D．His friend.
7．What must the boy do before he can fly to space
A．Study very hard. B．Get a driving license.
C．Do exercise every day. D．Get some special training.
8．What’s the best title for the text
A．Dreams of a Boy B．The Love of a Father
C．An Excellent Hobby D．An Unusual Experience
Derek Redmond
It was the Olympic Games in Barcelona in 1992; the semi-final of the 400 metres. The sun was shining and the crowd were ready for a great race. The British athlete Derek Redmond was a top runner: he had a very good chance of winning a medal.
The race began. At first, Derek was running well. Then, after about 150 metres, he felt a pain in his leg. He fell down on one knee. He had a bad injury and couldn’t carry on. The other runners went past him and finished the race.
After about five seconds, Derek got up and started to run again, on one leg only. Some organizers tried to stop him but he kept going. The crowd stood up and started to clap. Then another man came onto the track—Derek’s father, Jim. His father put his arm around him and said, “Derek, you don’t have to do this.” Derek replied, Yes, I do. I have to finish.” And so together they walked the last 50 metres and crossed the line.
When he finally crossed the line, Derek was crying and 60, 000 people were cheering him.
Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner
In the summer of 2010, mountaineer Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner was almost at the top of a mountain called K2 in Nepal. She was trying to climb the 8,611-metre mountain for the fifth time and this time she was climbing with her friend Fredrik Ericsson.
It was about 7 o’clock in the morning and it was snowing a little. The two climbers were getting ready to go up the last 400 metres. Fredrik was trying to tie some rope but he slipped and fell past Gerlinde. He fell 1,000 metres and was killed.
__▲__ K2 was now a very sad place for her, and she thought perhaps she would never climb the mountain.
But there was something very important that she wanted to do: K2 is one of 14 mountains in the world that are 8,000 metres or higher, and her dream was to climb them all.
So in August 2011 she went back to Nepal and K2, and tried again. This time, she got to the top. Her dream was complete.
9．What information is mentioned in the first story
A．The time Derek spent on the race.
B．The person who crossed the line with Derek.
C．The speed Derek ran for the first 150 meters.
D．The names of the runners who went past Derek.
10．Which of the following can be put in “__▲__”
A．Gerlinde went back to base-camp.
B．Gerlinde went on climbing.
C．Gerlinde tied some rope to the rocks.
D．Gerlinde wanted to try again.
11．What did the two main characters have in common
A．They both came from Britain.
B．They both failed the 400-metre race.
C．They both had the dream to climb high mountains.
D．They were both brave people who didn’t give up.
12．What does the writer mainly want to tell us
A．The most important thing is to win the race.
B．When things go wrong, we must stop at once.
C．When we start something, we should try to finish.
D．We shouldn’t start a race if we think we can’t win.
To improve children’s fitness, Freestyle360 has introduced some fun fitness classes for children between nine and thirteen years old. We want to encourage children to turn energy into sports and have social fun in a caring and professional environment.
Kids Karate (Mondays) Time: 16:30-17:30 Coach: Brett Ukich It is a fun karate class for children to increase skills. They will also learn some of the Japanese terminology (术语). Fitness Fun (Wednesdays) Time: 16:30-17:15 Coach: Lynsey McDonald This class offers fun lessons including body-weight exercises. Its purpose is to help children get stronger.
Team Games (Thursdays) Time: 17:00-18:15 Coach: Lorraine Clayton This class teaches children to work as a team. We offer fun fitness games so there is something for everyone. Physical Activity=Better Health By exercising, children will become happier and fitter.
Price: 7. 5/lesson or 28/month Tel: 01386 700039 or 07818 033629 Email: info@freestyle360.co.uk Address: Draycott Road, Blockley, GL569DY
13．Who will train the children on Monday afternoons A．Brett. B．Lynsey. C．Lorraine. D．Draycot.
14．How long does each lesson of Fitness Fun last
A．30 minutes. B．45 minutes. C．60 minutes. D．75 minutes.
15．Where can we most probably find the above information
A．In a hotel. B．At a school. C．In a cinema. D．At a hospital.
It seems like people today are more easily offended than ever before.
If smoking in an elevator or talking in a movie theater were normal in the past, they are considered to be rude today. We used to be obliged to answer whatever questions a family elder asked, but now when a prying relative asks about our test grades or dream university — information that we’d rather keep to ourselves — we feel offended, even if they mean well.
The boundary between “politeness” and “rudeness” has changed over the years, especially among young people.
But this change doesn’t just go one way — things that used to be considered rude may also go across to the other side of the boundary. For example, to stand up for themselves, some youths may try to make statements by using phone cases printed with phrases like “Leave me alone” or “None of your business”. In their eyes, this is more like being independent than being rude.
“These phenomena involve rejecting previously moral order to ignore insults, recognize the good intentions of those who accidentally give offense, and be charitable toward those with whom we disagree,” wrote Time. “They suggest a new morality.”
And this fresh morality is introduced by a new group of people. According to The Economist, young people, or millennials, are “the best-educated generation ever”, which is why they tend to be more conscious about their privacy and personal space. They are also freer than previous generations, more eager to explore the world and refuse to be tied down by elders’ rules.
But there are, of course, people who think that millennials have gone too far to defend their own needs. An earlier Time article called millennials the “Me Me Me Generation”, saying that they are self-involved, less grateful and less tolerant of people.
But Lauren Martin, a lifestyle writer in the US, and a millennial herself, has a theory.
“Our generation is an anomaly (与众不同的事物),” she wrote on Elite Daily. “We refuse to do things their way, so they call us entitled. We refuse to sit in cubicles, so they call us spoiled. We refuse to follow their plans, so they call us stubborn. What they are slowly realizing, however, is we’re not lazy, stubborn or entitled. We just refuse to accept things as they’re given to us.”
16．What is the article mainly about
A．Why people today are more easily offended.
B．The definition of “politeness” and “rudeness”.
C．The morality of millennials and some views on it.
D．Key characteristics of the millennial generation.
17．What can we conclude from the first four paragraphs
A．A prying relative always makes people feel offended.
B．Many young people can’t tell politeness from rudeness.
C．Young people today don’t care what people think of them.
D．Traditional morality has been rejected by some.
18．According to The Economist, millennials ______.
a. are more curious about the outside world
b. are less thankful and understanding
c. are more concerned about their privacy
d. are more likely to challenge elders’ rules
e. enjoy more freedom and are self-involved
A．a, b, c B．a, c, d C．b, d, e D．c, d, e
19．What does Lauren Martin think of millennials
A．They are too stubborn to listen to others.
B．They cannot get along well with others.
C．They have their own ways of viewing things.
D．They should adjust their way to defend their own needs.
Adventure stories
Eva Lilly and the Three-Toed Snooch by Muggs
Eva Lilly has a million questions like “What if ” “Why ” “Where did I come from ” and “How big is the sky ” When the mysterious Snooch arrives in her world to become her best friend, he leads her on a voyage of self-discovery to explore, to learn and to grow. In Eva Lilly’s first adventure with the Three-Toed Snooch, you are invited into the magical world of “knowing” and “believing”.
About the author: Muggs is a New Zealander living in Dubai. She is inspired to share her passion for the magic of life with both children and readers. She is a published writer of stories for children. She is also a creative artist, educator, and philosopher, whose work continues to encourage the creativity of others on their voyages of self-discovery to explore, to learn and to grow .
The Adventures of Daniel and Tasco: A Day on the Farm by Nicky Liguori
The Adventures of Daniel and Tasco: A Day on the Farm is an adventure story about Daniel who travels to South Africa to visit his grandparents on the farm. While he is there, he meets Tasco, an Alsatian puppy. And they hang about all over the farm together.
About the author: Nicky grew up on a farm in South Africa. She spent most of her childhood playing sports and riding horses. She met her husband Julian while she was at university and after a few years they moved to Dubai where her son Daniel John was born. She is still living in Dubai and her family travel to South Africa every six months to ensure that Daniel John is fully aware of her rich and colourful childhood.
Shania Streep Wanted to Sleep by Shalina McPherson
As Shalina’s first children story and the first in the series, Shania Streep Wanted to Sleep is a story of a young girl who has trouble sleeping one night due to a strange sound. Shania then sets off for an adventure to discover the source of the sound and ends up teaching readers a valuable lesson.
About the author: McPherson is a young British expat (侨民) living in Dubai and working as a nursery teacher. She started writing poems at the tender age of six. Over the years her songs, short plays, movie scripts and writing skills advanced. In 2011, McPherson decided to combine her two loves: writing and teaching children. Thus, she developed the “Wanted to” series-a collection of fancy stories that at the same time, taught children an important life lesson.
20．Which of the following characters is full of curiosity
A．Eva Lilly. B．Snooch. C．Daniel. D．Shania.
21．These books are intended for ________.
A．teachers B．children C．parents D．writers
22．These books are all about ________.
A．friendship B．science C．adventure D．trouble
23．What do the three authors have in common
A．They each developed a book series.
B．They limit themselves to writing stories.
C．None of them are native to Dubai.
D．They are all professional writers.
More than a third of Americans don’t get enough sleep. That may not seem like a big deal, but being short of sleep—even by just an hour—can have serious effects on your health, and the economy.
Every year, not getting enough sleep costs the U.S. economy up to $ 411 billion, according to a new report from the not-for-profit research group RAND Europe.
The researchers wanted to look at how shortened sleep—which means getting a sleep of less than 7 hours a night—affects the economy of five different countries: the U.S., the UK, Germany, Japan and Canada. With survey results from the National Sleep Foundation, they found three effects: death, since lack(缺乏) of sleep has been connected to about half of the leading causes of death in the U.S.; low productivity(生产力), since sleepy workers are less productive and more likely not to show up; and poor development skills, which affect lifetime earnings.
“How would those countries look if the number of people who sleep less than a certain amount of time actually improved ” wondered Marco Hafner, a research leader at RAND Europe and the report’s main author.
The U.S. loses the most from its sleepy people. The researchers said that workers with shortened sleep cost the country’s economy about $ 411 billion a year, about 2% of the GDP. Japan was the second most affected, losing about the same of its GDP followed by Germany and the UK. Canada had the best sleepers, but still lost 1.4% of its GDP to lack of sleep. The study authors also found marked health effects from lack of sleep. Sleeping about six hours a night is connected to a 7% higher risk of death, and sleeping less than six hours is connected to a 13% higher risk. “It’s not a small problem,” Hafner says. “It seems to be not only a public health problem, but also an economic problem.”
24．How much does lack of sleep probably cost the America economy every month on average
A．More than $ 411 billion. B．Less than $ 41l thousand.
C．About $ 35 thousand. D．About $ 35 billion.
25．What effect is mentioned when workers are short of sleep according to Paragraph 3
A．It may affect the health of the workers.
B．It may affect the creativity of the workers.
C．it may affect the education of the workers.
D．It may affect the communication skills of the workers.
26．What can we know from Paragraph 5
A．The UK loses the least in economy.
B．Japan loses the most because of its sleepy people.
C．Lack of sleep has become an important economic problem.
D．Lack of sleep in workers has not produced noticeable effects.
27．Where can we find this text most probably
A．In a dictionary. B．in an economic magazine.
C．In a guidebook. D．In a storybook.
Most animals on land are known to us, but many living things underwater are not. Now let’s get to know some of them.
Sea cucumber
Sea cucumber are strange animals living at the bottom of the sea. They wear brown or pale green coats with many sticks up. When summer comes, they stay deep to sleep because they are afraid of heat. And when it is autumn, they move to shallow (浅的) water and get their food.
Pike
The pike is a kind of freshwater fish. They are good swimmers and like swimming near boats, waiting to be fed. They have sharp teeth to catch fishes. When they are young, they live in groups. However, when they grow up, they prefer to live alone.
Cuttlefish
A cuttlefish can swim quite fast, so it is also called rocket (火箭) fish. It has eight arms and two feelers on its head, just around its mouth. It ejects ink (喷墨) when it is in danger. Its meat is delicious, and it is often the first choice for many people.
Octopus
An octopus has long arms, with which to catch food and protect itself. When it is sleeping, one or two of its arms are still on duty, keeping moving. Once it feels something dangerous, it can wake up at once to take action.
28．Sea cucumbers stay deep to sleep in summer because they ________.
A．are afraid of high temperature B．want to get strong and fat
C．are afraid of their enemy D．want to live alone
29．According to the passage, ________ likes to swim near boats.
A．the sea cucumber B．the pike
C．the cuttlefish D．the octopus
30．What happens if a cuttlefish meets its enemy
A．It rushes at the enemy at once. B．It cuts off one of its arms.
C．It bites with its sharp teeth. D．It ejects ink to the enemy.
There were smiling children all the way. Clearly they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway, wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang. Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives. These are the simple village people of Malaysia. I was moved.
I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time I was on a train. I did not particularly (特别) relish the long train journey and had bought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. I looked about the train. There was not one familiar (熟悉的) face. I sighed and sat down to read my Economics.
It was not long before the train was across the Causeway and in Malaysia. Johor Bahru was just another city like Singapore, so I was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past. As we went beyond the city, I watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green. Then the first village came into sight. Immediately I came alive; I decided to wave back.
From then on my journey became interesting. I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysian life. Then everything came alive. The mountains seemed to speak to me. Even the trees were smiling. I stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time.
The day passed fast and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt hungry. I looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3: 00 pm. Soon the train pulled up at Butterworth. I looked at the people all around me. They all looked beautiful. When my uncle arrived with a smile, I threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug. I had never done this before. He seemed surprised and then his weather-beaten face warmed up with a huge smile. We walked arm in arm to his car.
I looked forward to the return journey.
31．Why did the author mention the families standing outside their homes
A．To show the real life of village people.
B．To show the friendliness of village people.
C．To show how village people found pleasure.
D．To show how village people warmed their relatives.
32．What does the underlined word “relish” mean in the second paragraph
A．Choose. B．Enjoy. C．Prepare for. D．Carry on.
33．How did the author probably feel after the train went beyond Johor Bahru
A．Excited. B．Unsatisfied. C．Disappointed. D．Bored.
34．What’s the best title of the text
A．My exciting journey to Malaysia
B．Scenery adding pleasure to my train trip
C．My unforgettable train trip in Butterworth
D．Waves and smiles cheering up my train trip
Soccer star Carli Lloyd made history as a member of the United States women’s national soccer team, which won the 2015 FIFA Women’s World Cup. Lloyd became the first person ever to score three goals in a single game during a Women’s World Cup Final, helping the U.S. beat Japan 5 - 2 in the final match. During that game, Lloyd scored two goals within the first five minutes.
Lloyd was named the most valuable player of 2015 World Cup and won the Golden Ball Trophy. In November, it was announced that Lloyd was on the short list for FIFA’s Puskás Award, for the season’s best single goal. The goal being considered was her third during the World Cup Final, which she shot from the field’s halfway line, 50 yards from the net. She was the only woman nominated (提名) this year.
Lloyd became a force in women’s soccer long before the U.S. team’s World Cup won. She grew up in Delran, New Jersey, a small town near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She began playing soccer at age 5. By high school, she was a powerhouse in the sport. The Philadelphia Inquirer named her Girls’ High School Player of the Year in 1999 and 2000. She attended Rutgers University, in New Jersey, where she was a collegiate soccer star. She graduated as the school’s all-time leader in New Jersey, where she was a collegiate soccer star.
Lloyd has won two Olympic gold medals. She has scored winning goals in many important matches, including the finals in both the 2008 and 2012 Olympics. In all, Lloyd has scored more than 70 goals as a member of the women’s national team. She has also played on several professional teams, and is currently a midfielder in the United States women’s national soccer team. Off the field, Lloyd gives back to her community by running a soccer camp for young people in New Jersey. She is a hometown hero in Delran; a local ice-cream shop even named a flavor Carli’s Cake Batter Cookie Dough Kick in her honor.
35．Lloyd made history in 2015 by ________.
A．setting a new world record
B．winning the 2015 FIFA Women’s World Cup as captain
C．joining the United States women’s national soccer team
D．scoring three goals alone in the FIFA Women’s World Cup Final
36．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．Lloyd’s awards after her success. B．Lloyd’s hope as a soccer player.
C．Lloyd’s problems in her career. D．Lloyd’s influence on her team.
37．Why is Lloyd a hometown hero in Delran
A．She is the only Olympic Games winner.
B．She teaches young people to play soccer.
C．She does something for her community in return.
D．She has set an example to her community people.
38．Which section of a newspaper is the text probably taken from
A．History. B．Sports. C．Biology. D．Politics.
参考答案：
1．B
2．A
3．C
4．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文主要介绍伟人的事迹，告诉我们伟大的成就不是天生的，所有这些伟人的共同点就是无论发生什么都坚持自己的目标。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life working to reduce world hunger and helping to feed the country with the largest population.(作为“杂交水稻之父”，袁隆平克服重重困难，终其一生致力于减少世界饥饿，帮助养活世界上人口最多的国家。)”以及文章第二段“Wu Mengchao, the “Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary Surgery”, focused on saving people’s lives for nearly eighty years.(吴孟超，“中国肝胆外科之父”，近八十年来专注于挽救生命。) ”可知，袁隆平和吴孟超一生都在为人民服务。故选B项。
2．词义猜测题。根据下文which引导定语从句“which are not in the shape of normal ones.(它们不是正常的形状。）分析可知，which指代上文“Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time”，因此推断，长时间握手术刀导致对他的手指造成了一定的影响，他的手指变形了，这不是正常的形状。所以划线词意为“使手指变形”。与A项“使他的手指变形了”意思相近。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria, Tu Youyou, the pharmacologist took on the job as head of a research team.(1969年，为了解决治疗疟疾的问题，药理学家屠呦呦担任了一个研究小组的负责人。)”以及“Finally, in 1972, they made it!(最终，在1972年，他们成功了！)”可知，1969年开始研究，1972年成功，一共花了屠呦呦三年时间达成目标。故选C项。
4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Think of somebody you really admire. You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily.(想想你真正崇拜的人。你可能会发现他们的成功来之不易。)”以及最后一段“One thing all these people have in common is sticking to their goals no matter what.(这些人都有一个共同点，那就是无论如何都要坚持自己的目标。)”可知，本文主要通过介绍伟人的事迹，告诉我们伟大的成就不是天生的。故选C项。
5．D
6．A
7．D
8．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个初中生的太空梦想。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He is always dreaming that he can fly to space to look at the earth one day.(他总是梦想有一天能飞到太空看地球)”可知，这个男孩长大后想当宇航员。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“From his father, he knew that scientists made rockets to carry things into space, and spaceships were used to carry people through space.(从他父亲那里，他知道科学家制造火箭是为了把东西送入太空，而宇宙飞船是用来载人穿越太空的)”可知，男孩的爸爸告诉他关于火箭和宇宙飞船的事情。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“More importantly, before he can fly to space, he must be trained specially.(更重要的是，在他能飞上太空之前，他必须接受专门的训练)”可知，飞入太空前他必须接受一些专门的训练。故选D。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“But as time goes by, some new dreams have appeared and some old ones have disappeared. However, only one dream is still in his mind.(但是随着时间的推移，一些新的梦想出现了，一些旧的已经消失了。然而，只有一个梦想还在他的脑海里)”及第二段中的“He is always dreaming that he can fly to space to look at the earth one day.(他总是梦想有一天能飞到太空看地球)”可知，文章主要讲述了一个男孩的太空梦想。由此可知，A. Dreams of a Boy(一个男孩的梦想)适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。
9．B
10．A
11．D
12．C
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章通过讲述运动员Derek Redmond在比赛时腿伤复发，但是他还是坚持冲向了终点线，和登山家Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner在登山时失去了自己的好朋友，但是她还是仍然克服了自己的心理障碍实现了自己的梦想。
9．细节理解题。根据Derek Redmond部分第三段“Then another man came onto the track—Derek’s father, Jim. His father put his arm around him and said, “Derek, you don’t have to do this.” Derek replied, Yes, I do. I have to finish.” And so together they wallked the last 50 metres and crossed the line.”(然后，另一个人来到赛道上，Derek的父亲Jim。他的父亲搂着他说：“Derek，你不必这样做。”Derek回答：“是的，我需要。我必须完成。”于是，他们一起在最后50米处筑墙，越过了这条线。)可知，第一个故事里提到了和Derek一起冲向终点的人，也就是他的爸爸Jim。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据上一段“He fell 1,000 metres and was killed. ” (他在1000米高空坠落身亡。)和下文“K2 was now a very sad place for her, and she thought perhaps she would never climb the mountain.”(K2现在对她来说是一个非常悲伤的地方，她想也许她永远不会爬上这座山。)可知，在第一次攀爬中，因为失去了朋友，所以她接下来应该是回到了大本营，A项“Gerlinde回到了大本营”符合上下文意思。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据Derek Redmond部分第二段“Then, after about 150 metres, he felt a pain in his leg. He fell down on one knee. He had a bad injury and couldn’t carry on.”(然后，大约150米后，他感到腿疼。他单膝摔倒了。他受了重伤，无法继续。)，第三段“After about five seconds, Derek got up and started to run again, on one leg only.”(大约五秒钟后，德里克站起来，开始再次跑步，只靠一条腿。)和“Then another man came onto the track—Derek’s father, Jim. His father put his arm around him and said, “Derek, you don’t have to do this.” Derek replied, Yes, I do. I have to finish.” And so together they wallked the last 50 metres and crossed the line.”(然后，另一个人来到赛道上，Derek的父亲Jim。他的父亲搂着他说：“Derek，你不必这样做。”Derek回答：“是的，我需要。我必须完成。”于是，他们一起在最后50米处筑墙，越过了这条线。) 可知，Derek在腿受伤时仍然坚持跑完全程。根据Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner部分第三段“K2 was now a very sad place for her, and she thought perhaps she would never climb the mountain.”(K2现在对她来说是一个非常悲伤的地方，她想也许她永远不会爬上这座山。)和最后一段“So in August 2011 she went back to Nepal and K2, and tried again. This time, she got to the top. Her dream was complete.”(因此，2011年8月，她回到尼泊尔和K2，并再次尝试。这一次，她登上了顶峰。她的梦想完成了。)可知，在Gerlinde登山时因为失去了朋友而处于伤痛中，但是后来仍然克服心理障碍，成功登上山顶。所以这两个人的共同特点是：在遇到困难时都没有放弃。故选D。
12．推理判断题。根据Derek Redmond部分第三段“Then another man came onto the track—Derek’s father, Jim. His father put his arm around him and said, “Derek, you don’t have to do this.” Derek replied, Yes, I do. I have to finish.” And so together they wallked the last 50 metres and crossed the line.”(然后，另一个人来到赛道上，Derek的父亲Jim。他的父亲搂着他说：“Derek，你不必这样做。”Derek回答：“是的，我需要。我必须完成。”于是，他们一起在最后50米处筑墙，越过了这条线。)和Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner部分第四段“But there was something very important that she wanted to do: K2 is one of 14 mountains in the world that are 8,000 metres or higher, and her dream was to climb them all.”(但她有一件非常重要的事想做：K2是世界上14座8000米或更高的山峰之一，她的梦想是攀登所有山峰。) 和最后一段“So in August 2011 she went back to Nepal and K2, and tried again. This time, she got to the top. Her dream was complete.”(因此，2011年8月，她回到尼泊尔和K2，并再次尝试。这一次，她登上了顶峰。她的梦想完成了。)可知，作者想通过运动员Derek Redmond和登山员Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner的励志故事告诉我们，当我们开始做某件事时，即使碰到了许多困难，但我们应该坚持完成，而不要中途放弃。故选C。
13．A
14．B
15．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Freestyle360为9至13岁的儿童开设的健身课程，包括时间、教练及课程内容等信息。
13．细节理解题。根据“Kids Karate (Mondays) Time: 16: 30-17: 30 Coach: Brett Ukich(儿童空手道（星期一）时间: 16:30-17:30 教练: Brett Ukich)”可知，Brett教练将于周一下午训练孩子们。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据“Fitness Fun (Wednesdays) Time: 16: 30-17: 15( 健身乐趣课程（星期三）时间: 16:30-17:15)”可知，一节健身乐趣课程持续45分钟。故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据第一段“To improve children’s fitness, Freestyle360 has introduced some fun fitness classes for children between nine and thirteen years old. We want to encourage children to turn energy into sports and have social fun in a caring and professional environment.(为了提高儿童的健康水平，Freestyle360为9至13岁的儿童推出了一些有趣的健身课程。我们希望鼓励孩子们将精力转化为体育运动，并在关爱和专业的环境中享受社交乐趣)”及表格内容可知，文章主要介绍了Freestyle360为9至13岁的儿童开设的健身课程。由此推知，我们很有可能在学校找到上述信息。故选B。
16．C
17．D
18．B
19．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述的是千禧一代的道德观和关于它的一些观点。
16．主旨大意题。根据第六段“this fresh morality is introduced by a new group of people. According to The Economist, young people, or millennials (千禧一代), are “the best-educated generation ever”, which is why they tend to be more conscious about their privacy and personal space. They are also freer than previous generations, more eager to explore the world and refuse to be tied down by elders’ rules. (这种全新的道德是由一群新的人提出的。据《经济学人》报道，年轻人，或者说千禧一代，是“受教育程度最高的一代”，这就是为什么他们更关注自己的隐私和个人空间。他们也比前几代人更自由，更渴望探索世界，拒绝被长辈的规矩束缚)”和第七段“But there are, of course, people who think that millennials have gone too far to defend their own needs. An earlier Time article called millennials the “Me Me Me Generation” , saying that they are self-involved, less grateful and less tolerant of people. (当然，也有一些人认为千禧一代在捍卫自己的需求上做得太过了。早些时候的一篇文章将千禧一代称为“Me Me Me Me Generation”，称他们自我中心、不感恩、不宽容)”并结合全文内容可知，文章讲述的是千禧一代的道德观和关于它的一些观点。故选C。
17．推理判断题。根据第五段中“These phenomena involve rejecting previously moral order to ignore insults, recognize the good intentions of those who accidentally give offense, and be charitable (体谅的) toward those with whom we disagree,这些现象包括拒绝先前的道德秩序，忽视侮辱，认识到那些无意冒犯的人的良好意图，对那些我们不同意的人仁慈”可知，传统道德已经被一些人所摒弃。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据第六段中“which is why they tend to be more conscious about their privacy and personal space. They are also freer than previous generations, more eager to explore the world and refuse to be tied down by elders’ rules.(这就是为什么他们更关心自己的隐私和个人空间。他们也比前几代人更自由，更渴望探索世界，拒绝受长辈的束缚)”可知，千禧一代更在意自己的隐私和私人空间。他们也比前几代人更自由，更渴望探索世界，拒绝被长辈的规矩束缚。故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“What they are slowly realizing, however, is we’re not lazy, stubborn or entitled. We just refuse to accept things as they’re given to us.然而，他们慢慢意识到的是，我们并不懒惰、固执或自以为是。我们只是拒绝接受别人给我们的东西。”可知，劳伦·马丁认为千禧一代有自己看待事物的方式。故选C。
20．A
21．B
22．C
23．C
【导语】本文为应用文。文章介绍了三本冒险故事书和它们的作者。
20．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“Eva Lilly has a million questions like “What if ” “ Why ” “ Where did I come from ” and “ How big is the sky ” (Eva Lilly有一百万个问题，比如“如果呢？”“为什么？“我从哪里来？和“天空有多大？”)”可知，Eva是一个有无限问题的人，即Eva对世界万物充满好奇。故选A项。
21．推理判断题。根据第二段前两句“Muggs is a New Zealander living in Dubai. She is inspired to share her passion for the magic of life with both children and readers. She is a published writer of stories for children. (Muggs是居住在迪拜的新西兰人。她受到启发，与孩子和读者分享她对生活魔力的热情。她是一位出版的儿童故事作家。)”以及第四段最后一句“She is still living in Dubai and her family travel to South Africa every six months to ensure that Daniel John is fully aware of her rich and colourful childhood.(她仍然住在迪拜，她的家人每六个月去一次南非旅行，以确保丹尼尔·约翰充分了解她丰富多彩的童年。)”和最后一段最后两句“ In 2011, McPherson decided to combine her two loves: writing and teaching children. Thus, she developed the“ Wanted to” series-a collection of fancy stories that at the same time, taught children an important life lesson. (2011年，McPherson决定结合她的两个爱好：写作和教孩子。因此，她开发了“想要”系列——一个奇特的故事集，同时给孩子们上了一堂重要的人生课。)”可知，这几本书都是为孩子们而准备的。故选B项。
22．推理判断题。根据文章标题Adventure stories和文章第一段最后一句“In Eva Lilly’s first adventure with the Three-Toed Snooch, you are invited into the magical world of “knowing” and “believing” (在Eva Lilly与三趾史努奇的第一次冒险中，你被邀请进入“知道”和“相信”的神奇世界。)”和第三段第一句“The Adventures of Daniel and Tasco: A Day on the Farm is an adventure story about Daniel who travels to South Africa to visit his grandparents on the farm. (《丹尼尔和塔斯科历险记：农场的一天》讲述了丹尼尔前往南非看望农场的祖父母的冒险故事。)”以及第五段“ Shania then sets off for an adventure to discover the source of the sound and ends up teaching readers a valuable lesson. (Shania随后开始冒险以发现声音的来源，并最终给读者上了一堂宝贵的课。)”可知，这三本书都是冒险故事。故选C项。
23．细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“Muggs is a New Zealander living in Dubai. (Muggs是居住在迪拜的新西兰人。)”和第四段第一句“Nicky grew up on a farm in South Africa. (Nicky在南非的一个农场长大。)”和第三句“She met her husband Julian while she was at university and after a few years they moved to Dubai where her son Daniel John was born. (她在上大学时遇到了丈夫朱利安，几年后，他们搬到了她儿子丹尼尔·约翰出生的迪拜。)”以及最后一段第一句“McPherson is a young British expat living in Dubai and working as a nursery teacher. (McPherson是一名年轻的英国侨民，住在迪拜，是一名幼儿园教师。)”可知，三位作者都不是迪拜人，这是她们的共同点。故选C项。
24．D
25．A
26．C
27．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要讲述了睡眠不足不仅会带来身体上的影响，也会给经济造成一定的影响。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Every year, not getting enough sleep costs the U.S. economy up to $ 411 billion, according to a new report from the not-for-profit research group RAND Europe.（根据非盈利研究集团RAND Europe的一份报告，美国每年因睡眠不足而导致的经济损失高达411亿美元。）”可知，睡眠不足导致美国每年经济损失高达411亿美元，那每个月就是411除以12，每月约35亿美元，故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“With survey results from the National Sleep Foundation, they found three effects: death, since lack(缺乏) of sleep has been connected to about half of the leading causes of death in the U.S.（根据国家睡眠基金会的调查结果，他们发现了三种影响：死亡，因睡眠不足与美国约一半的主要死亡原因有关。）”可知，睡眠不足给员工带来的是身体健康方面的影响，故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The researchers said that workers with shortened sleep cost the country’s economy about $ 411 billion a year, about 2% of the GDP. Japan was the second most affected, losing about the same of its GDP followed by Germany and the UK. Canada had the best sleepers, but still lost 1.4% of its GDP to lack of sleep.（研究员表示，睡眠时间缩短的工人每年给国家经济造成约4110亿美元的损失，约占GDP的2%，日本是受影响的第二大国家，损失的GDP与德国和英国差不多。加拿大睡眠状况还好，但仍因睡眠不足而损失了GDP的1.4%。）”以及““It’s not a small problem,” Hafner says. “It seems to be not only a public health problem, but also an economic problem.”（ Hafner说道：‘这似乎不仅是一个公共健康问题，而且是一个经济问题’。）”可知，睡眠不足已经成为了一个经济问题，故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“More than a third of Americans don’t get enough sleep. That may not seem like a big deal, but being short of sleep—even by just an hour—can have serious effects on your health, and the economy.（美国超过三分之一的人睡眠不足。这似乎并不是一件大事，但缺少睡眠——哪怕是一小时——都能对你的身体和经济带来严重的影响。）”可知，本文主要讲述睡眠不足会带来身体和经济的影响，故本文可能出现在一本关于经济的杂志上，故选B。
28．A
29．B
30．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种海洋生物——海参，梭鱼，墨鱼和章鱼。
28．细节理解题。根据Sea cucumber部分中的“When summer comes, they stay deep to sleep because they are afraid of heat.(当夏天来临时，它们会因为害怕热而待在海洋深处睡觉)”可知，海参在夏天待在海洋深处睡觉，因为它们害怕高温。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据Pike部分中的“They are good swimmers and like swimming near boats, waiting to be fed.(它们擅长游泳，喜欢在船附近游泳，等待喂食)”可知，梭鱼喜欢在船旁游泳。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据Cuttlefish部分中的“It ejects ink (喷墨) when it is in danger.(当它处于危险时，它将喷墨)”可知，如果墨鱼遇到敌人，它会向敌人喷墨。故选D。
31．B
32．B
33．A
34．D
【导语】本文记叙文。文章主要介绍作者第一次坐火车在马来西亚旅行的情况，当地人们的挥手和微笑感动了作者。
31．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives.”（常常全家人都站在家门口，挥手微笑，仿佛火车上的人是他们最喜欢的亲戚。）可推知，作者提及那些站在家门口的家庭是为了展示这些村民非常的友好。故选B。
32．词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词所在句的后半句“I did not particularly (特别) relish the long train journey and had bought along a dozen magazines to read and reread.”（我并不特别relish长途火车旅行，买了许多杂志来反复阅读。）可知，因为作者并不是特别喜欢长途火车旅行，所以带了许多杂志来反复阅读。由此可推知，划线词relish意为“喜欢”。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“As we went beyond the city, I watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green. Then the first village came into sight. Immediately I came alive; I decided to wave back.”（当我们穿过这座城市的时候，我看到了一排排笔直的橡胶树和绵延数英里的绿色树林。这时，第一个村庄映入眼帘。我精神为之一振，决定向他们挥手。）可推知，作者在火车驶过Johor Bahru后，心情很可能还是激动的。故选A。
34．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“There were smiling children all the way. Clearly they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway, wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang. Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives.”（一路上都是微笑的孩子。很明显，他们知道火车是在什么时候经过他们的家的，他们的工作就是站在铁路旁，向陌生人挥手，在他们冲向槟城的时候给他们打气。通常，整个家庭都站在家门口，挥手微笑，仿佛火车上的人是他们最喜欢的亲人。）和第四段中的“From then on my journey became interesting. I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysian life. Then everything came alive. The mountains seemed to speak to me. Even the trees were smiling. I stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time.”（从那以后，我的旅程变得有趣了。我把杂志扔进废纸篓，决定加入马来西亚的生活。然后一切都活了起来。群山似乎在对我说话。连树都在微笑。我盯着一切，就好像我是第一次看到它。）可知，这些村民的微笑和挥手使我的火车之旅变得愉快。由此可知，D项“挥手和微笑让我的火车旅行变得快乐”适合做本文最佳标题。故选D。
35．D
36．A
37．C
38．B
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。主要叙述了在2015年国际足联女子世界杯决赛中，Lioyd成为第一位在一场比赛中打进三球的球员。成功后的劳埃德荣获许多奖及荣誉。她也为自己的家乡做了一些事来回馈社会。
35．细节理解题。根据第一段“Soccer star Carli Lloyd made history as a member of the United States women’s national soccer team, which won the 2015 FIFA Women’s World Cup. Lloyd became the first person ever to score three goals in a single game during a Women’s World Cup Final(足球明星Carli Lloyd作为美国国家女子足球队的一员创造了历史，这支球队赢得了2015年国际足联女子世界杯。Lloyd成为史上第一个在女足世界杯决赛中单场打进3球的人)”可知，Lloyd在2015年通过在女足世界杯决赛中独进三球创造了历史。故选D。
36．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Lloyd was named the most valuable player of 2015 World Cup and won the Golden Ball Trophy. In November, it was announced that Lloyd was on the short list for FIFA’s Puskás Award, for the season’s best single goal. The goal being considered was her third during the World Cup Final, which she shot from the field’s halfway line, 50 yards from the net. She was the only woman nominated (提名) this year.(Lloyd被评为2015年世界杯最有价值球员，并赢得了金球奖。11月，Lloyd被宣布进入国际足联Puskás奖的候选名单，这是本赛季的最佳单球。这是她在世界杯决赛期间的第三个进球，她在球场中线射门，距离球门50码。她是今年唯一被提名的女性。)”可知，第二段主要叙述Lloyd成功后所获的奖励。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容“Off the field, Lloyd gives back to her community by running a soccer camp for young people in New Jersey. She is a hometown hero in Delran(在球场外，Lloyd在新泽西为年轻人开办了一个足球夏令营，以回馈社区。她是Delran家乡的英雄)”可知，Lloyd是Delran的英雄，因为她为她的社区做了一些事情作为回报。故选C。
38．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Soccer star Carli Lloyd made history as a member of the United States women’s national soccer team, which won the 2015 FIFA Women’s World Cup. Lloyd became the first person ever to score three goals in a single game during a Women’s World Cup Final, helping the U.S. beat Japan 5 - 2 in the final match. During that game, Lloyd scored two goals within the first five minutes.(足球明星Carli Lloyd作为美国国家女子足球队的一员创造了历史，这支球队赢得了2015年国际足联女子世界杯。Lloyd成为历史上第一个在女足世界杯决赛中单场打进3球的人，帮助美国队在决赛中以5 - 2击败日本队。在那场比赛中，Lloyd在前五分钟内就进了两球。)”可知，本文主要叙述了足球明星Carli Lloyd在2015年国际足联女子世界杯决赛中成为第一位在一场比赛中进三球的球员。由此可推知，本文可能出自报纸中的体育版块。故选B。阅读理解
Dealing with stress is a top topic of concern to young people. Stress has harmful influence on their study and health. According to an OECD survey, nearly half (47%) of Australian students feel very anxious when they study, compared to the international number of 37%. 67% of Australian students say they feel very nervous even if they’re well-prepared for a test. And the international number of that is 56% (64% for girls and 47% for boys).
It is important that schools teach students how to recognize and best manage stress. These skills will continue to do good to them throughout their lives. School-based stress management programs, such as yoga (瑜伽) programs, have proven to be helpful in the United States. Similar programs will bring advantages to Australian school children.
Schools can better support students by providing yoga programs. And among them, mindfulness practice is the most common. Mindfulness practice requires people to pay attention to the present moment and realize and accept feelings, thoughts and bodily sensations as they really are. It improves the ability to get used to new environments for the first-year college students. They will also feel less stressed about schoolwork.
In high schools, students believe mindfulness-based yoga programs can improve memory, grades, and their abilities to control her feelings. Students also think yoga could make them less interested in smoking and drinking and increase connection with family and friends. In fact, at home, parents can consider practicing mindfulness together with their kids. They can turn to online yoga programs and apps, such as Head space and Smiling Mind.
Given the above facts, offering yoga programs in schools may help young people learn to manage stress better.
1．What problem do Australian students face
A．They are highly stressed. B．They lose interest in study.
C．They aren’t healthy enough. D．They don’t have yoga classes.
2．What does the third paragraph say about mindfulness practice
A．It fits college students best.
B．It’s the most popular yoga program.
C．It improves people’s physical health.
D．It’s a good way to manage stress.
3．What do high school students think of yoga
A．It can be learnt on the Internet.
B．It makes them become smarter.
C．It will be a popular family activity.
D．It keeps them from some bad habits.
4．What’s the best title of the text
A．Australian students are under stress
B．Yoga should be added to Australian schools
C．Yoga classes are becoming popular in Australia
D．Americans manage stress better than Australians
There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress.
On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants(移民)bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride in their culture and means of coping with homesickness.
Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional cuisine. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some ingredients needed to make traditional cuisine may not be readily available, so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell cuisine to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes to the original cuisine to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the cuisine.
We should not only embrace our heritage through our culture’s food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such.
5．What’s the function of the traditional food
A．It helps motivate homesickness.
B．It shows culture identity.
C．It reflects a country’s history.
D．It shows a community’s superiority.
6．Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant
A．To attach cultural importance to their dishes.
B．To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil.
C．To make the dishes popular among customers.
D．To present their own food culture in a new way.
7．What’s the author’s attitude towards different food cultures
A．Negative. B．Balanced. C．Unfair. D．Unchangeable.
8．Which column does the passage come from
A．Space B．Science C．Food D．Entertainment
Moving to a foreign country is an amazing, life-changing experience. It’s an opportunity to meet new people, make yourself completely involved in a different culture and possibly learn another language. However, before embarking on such an adventure, there are some practical decisions that need to be made. One such decision is choosing where to live.
For me, choosing to live with a French family was the best choice I made, and here are the reasons.
Firstly, a family can show you around the city or town and help you settle in, stopping you from feeling lonely. When you’re in new surroundings with people you don’t know and who are speaking a language you’re still not fluent in, you might feel lost, tired and homesick—I know I did. However, my host family are wonderful and welcoming; they showed me which buses to take to get to work, cooked dinner for me, and took me with them on trips to the beach, the theatre and even a bullring. These were great opportunities to experience French culture and build relationships, which in turn helped me feel at home and welcome.
Moreover, living with French people has been beneficial to helping me improve my language skills. Being constantly exposed to authentic French conversation has allowed me to learn new phrases, widen my vocabulary and even improve my accent. My host family are happy to answer my questions and correct me when I say things wrong, which makes me a better and more confident French speaker.
Finally, the experience of living abroad is one that you will remember forever, and perhaps the friendships—like the memories—will also last. Your host family might become your friends for life. You might return for their birthdays, weddings, holidays, and many more things. I sincerely hope to remain in contact with my host family long after I leave France because when I was away from my friends and loved ones, they welcomed me and made me part of their family.
9．What does the underlined phrase “embarking on” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．Remarking on. B．Setting about.
C．Depending on D．Writing down.
10．Where did the writer choose to live when moving to a foreign country
A．In a dormitory. B．In his own apartment.
C．In a host family. D．In his friend’s house.
11．What is the advantage of living with French people for the writer
A．Improving his French skills.
B．Feeling homesick and lonely.
C．Making friends from different countries.
D．Introducing English culture to the French.
12．How does the writer develop the passage
A．By making comparisons.
B．By following the order of time.
C．By following the order of importance.
D．By listing detailed reasons.
Huangguoshu Waterfall, Guizhou
Located in southwest Anshun, Guizhou Province, Huangguoshu Waterfall is the largest and most wonderful group of waterfalls in China. It is 77.8 meters high and 101 meters wide, with 17 smaller waterfalls.
Best time to visit: May to October
Admission: 180 yuan(March 1 to Oct. 31); 160 yuan off-season(Nov. 1 to Feb. 28)
Shigatse, Tibet
Kanas Lake, lying in a valley in the Altai Mountains, is located near the very northern tip of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous(自治的)Region. The lake is famous for its fantastic natural landscape and mysterious local legend. Kanas Nature Reserve founded in 1980 is now considered a paradise(天堂)for travelers and hikers.
Best time to visit: June, September
Admision: 150 yuan(April 1 to Oct. 31); 80 yuan of-season(Nov. 1 to March 31)
Jiuzhai Valley, Sichuan
Jiuzhai Valley in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, is a magical fairyland in nature that enchants tourists with mountains, forests, lakes, waterfalls and crowded wildlife. During autumn, colorful leaves are reflected in the clear waters. Lakes vary in color according to their depths, angles and surroundings.
Best time to visit: September to October
Admission: 220 yuan(April 1 to Nov. 15); 80 yuan(Nov. 16 to March 30)
Changbai Mountain, Jilin
Changbai Mountain in southeastern Jilin Province is considered as the most famous mountain in northeast China, Changbai Mountain has rich biodiversity(生物多样性). With an average altitude of 2,000 meters, the mountain is well-known for its snowy scenery, cool summers and many mineral springs.
Admission: 100 yuan for adults; 50 yuan for children
Hours: 8 a. m. to 4 p. m.
13．Which of the places below can visitors enjoy the largest waterfall in China
A．Huangguoshu Waterfall. B．Shigatse .
C．Jiuzhai Valley. D．Changbai Mountain.
14．How long can visitors stay if they visit Changbai Mountain
A．10 hours. B．8 hours. C．7 hours. D．5 hours.
15．Where can we possibly read the text
A．A teacher’s handbook. B．A travel journal.
C．A science magazine. D．A personal diary.
Suppose you are out shopping and come across an old friend who starts telling you a story that seems to be dragging on and on. You want to seem interested, so you offer the occasional “Oh” or “I see”. To your surprise, though, this person angrily stops and says, “Sorry if I’m boring you!”
Where did this come from Clearly, your body language must have let out your inner feelings. The idea that verbal (口头的) and nonverbal messages can conflict was the inspiration for a recently published study from Yale University’s Lueylle Armentano.
To test the role of verbal-nonverbal mismatch on emotional communication, Armentano and her partner created experimental conditions to see what happens when someone asks for help from strangers. The research team created videotapes of a fellow Yale student expressing nervousness in his words, bodily gestures, or both. The bodily gestures included running his hands through his hair, grabbing his arm, and facially expressing uneasiness. The key question was whether the other participants, another 82 Yale students, would believe the student and provide the help he was requesting. They needed to give their responses.
Turning to the findings, those nonverbal cues (提示) of nervousness had a greater impact on helping behavior than the verbal cues. Surprisingly, helping behavior was the highest when verbal expressions of nervousness were low but nonverbal cues were high.
Recognizing that your body language can outweigh your words means that you need to be mindful of what your body is doing when you’re interacting with others. Generally, when someone is speaking to you, you want to look like you’re interested. Not only should you maintain eye contact, but you should keep your body still and face toward the other person.
16．What is the main idea of paragraph 1
A．The obvious advantages of body language.
B．The proper way to interact with old friends.
C．A situation where body language is necessary.
D．An example of the conflict of verbal and nonverbal messages.
17．What was the task of the 82 Yale students
A．Try to win the nervous student’s trust.
B．Identify the types of body language.
C．Respond to the nervous student’s request.
D．Express nervousness in their words.
18．What would probably win kindness from strangers
A．Positive attitude to nervousness. B．Good manners in front of others.
C．Sincere verbal expressions. D．Nonverbal cues of nervousness
19．What is the purpose of the writer in the last paragraph
A．Give some warnings. B．Present some facts.
C．Offer suggestions. D．Make a prediction
Famous Chinese agricultural scientist Yuan Longping and his research team’s experiment of planting saltwater-tolerant(耐盐碱) rice in desert areas of Dubai in the United Arab Emirates proved to be a success, with one type of rice producing more than 7.5 tons per hectare(公顷), Xinhua reported.
Saltwater-tolerant rice is designed to grow in tidal flats(滩涂)or other areas with heavy salt content. It was the world’s first successful case of planting rice in a tropical desert area, standing as China’s contribution to improving the ability of people in desert areas to be self-sufficient in main foods. In January, the center chose dozens of types of hybrid rice and planted them on small places of desert areas near Dubai. After five months of growth, the center invited experts from India, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates and other countries for evaluation, and found three types of rice producing more than 6 tons per hectare. In June, a second evaluation will be carried out for middle-season rice.
The technology of saltwater-tolerant rice plays a key role in the success as the natural environment of the Dubai desert is terrible for rice growth. The daytime temperatures could be as high as over 50 ℃, and nighttime temperatures could drop by 30 ℃. Humidity stays below 20 percent and there are sandstorms from time to time. The biggest challenge is the desert soil, which is low in organic matter and unable to keep soil water as it is totally sand. To make it worse, sea water remains just 7.5 meters below the soil, which makes it easy to be full of salt.
With this success, the center and the private investment office of the ruler of the Emirate of Dubai plan to set up a 100-hectare experimental farmland in Dubai, to test the production costs and farming techniques(耕种技术) of the saltwater-tolerant rice and prepare for promotion. The two parties will construct a 100-hectare standard farmland in 2019 and speed up rice planting in 2020.
20．Which of the following statements is true according to paragraph 2
A．Saltwater-tolerant rice is designed to grow in areas with rich soil.
B．Dubai is the most successful country in planting saltwater-tolerant rice.
C．Chinese team play a great role in planting saltwater-tolerant rice in desert areas.
D．Planting saltwater-tolerant rice can be easily achieved in many tropical desert-areas.
21．What’s the most difficult thing for rice growth in Dubai desert
A．Its soil is short of organic matter and hard to keep soil water.
B．It’s just 6.5 meters above the sea water and easy to be full of salt.
C．It is extremely expensive to conduct experiments in tropical desert areas.
D．Its daytime temperature could be up to 50 ℃ and humidity stays below 20%.
22．What’s the passage mainly about
A．Chinese team help expand the farming of saltwater-tolerant rice.
B．The rice experiment is of great importance for the tropical desert-areas.
C．Chinese team succeeds in planting saltwater-tolerant rice in Dubai’s desert.
D．The United Arab Emirates tries to improve the desert ecological environment.
23．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．There will be no starvation all over the world in 2020.
B．No more experimental farmland will be set up in Dubai .
C．In 2020 the production of saltwater-tolerant rice will be twice of that in 2019.
D．More efforts will be put into the experimental farmland to improve the saltwater-tolerant rice planting.
Do you need to throw your smartphone away to live your best life Not necessarily, according to researchers from Ruhr-Universit t Bochum who suggest that we could all benefit from cutting down on screen time — just only a little bit time.
On average, we spend more than three hours a day on our smartphone screens. Between social media, news feeds, endless video games, and an app for pretty much everything else, there’s always something to draw our attention. In recent years, studies have blamed(责备) smartphones for modern problems ranging from rising anxiety rates to neck pain. It begs the question: Are people all really better off turning back to landlines(座机)
“The smartphone is both a blessing and a curse,” says study leader Dr. Julia Brailovskaia, whose team set out to answer that question by gathering together 619 volunteers, hoping to know how much the smartphone is good for us. 200 people put their smartphones completely aside for a week; 226 reduced the amount of time they used the device by one hour a day; 193 people didn’t change anything in their behavior.
Researchers interviewed each person about both their overall lifestyle habits and well-being four months later after the experimental week ended. “We found that both completely giving up the smartphone and reducing its daily use by one hour had positive effects on the well-being of the participants(参与者),” as Brailovskaia sums up the upshots. Notably, changing their smartphone habits for just one week appeared to produce lasting outcomes to the subjects(实验对象). Even four months afterward, participants who were told to avoid using their smartphones totally were using their phones for an average of 38 minutes less per day.
Meanwhile, the “one hour less” group were using their phones as much as 45 minutes less per day after four months. This group also showed improved life satisfaction, more exercise, and less depression(沮丧).
“It’s not necessary to completely give up the smartphone to feel better,” Brailovskaia concludes.
24．What’s the purpose of Paragraph 2
A．To stress the benefits of smartphones.
B．To state disadvantages of the experiment.
C．To explain why the experiment was done.
D．To answer the question on the smartphones.
25．What did the researchers do to the volunteers before testing them
A．They trained them.
B．They interviewed them.
C．They gave them a physical exam.
D．They divided them into 3 groups.
26．What does the underlined word “upshots” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．purpose B．results C．reasons D．doubts
27．What is the text mainly about
A．Fewer smartphones, more well-being.
B．No smartphone use is the best policy.
C．Smartphones are a part of our lives.
D．A small smartphone, two big sides.
On Monday, I stopped my car in front of my daughter Juliet’s middle school. She jumped in the front seat, feeling down. She asked me to help her study for her science test.
“Dad, I need to memorize a unit about the Reproductive Cycle of Plants. And I can hardly make it.”
“You know memorizing seems like the best way to study, but in fact you can do better in tests if you work on trying to understand the material.”
Juliet was open to my advice. It was Monday afternoon and we had two nights to study before the test on Wednesday. I suggested a plan. “Tomorrow night, you are going to teach the material to me. Tonight, read the unit. Prepare to teach.”
Asking her to teach me was an unusual idea but I was determined to do it. Studies show teaching somebody else is a very useful way to learn. Even if you don’t do the teaching, the act of preparing to teach leads to more learning than just trying your best to memorize the material.
On Tuesday afternoon, Juliet sat down with her science book facing me and said, “Okay Dad, let’s study.” I wanted her to teach me. But false starts happened. I couldn’t be too hard on her. So instead we started with me asking her some simple questions. She knew some but not others. When she didn’t know the answers, I encouraged her to check the book.
She started checking things that didn’t make sense. And she was actively seeking to test her understanding. I was happy to see it. She wasn’t memorizing; she was trying to make sense of things, which was exactly what I had hoped she would do.
28．Why did Juliet feel down
A．Because she failed her science test.
B．Because she couldn’t follow her teacher.
C．Because she knew nothing about planting.
D．Because she had trouble memorizing a unit.
29．In the writer’s opinion, which was the key to best learning
A．Memorizing. B．Understanding. C．Questioning. D．Testing.
30．What does Juliet think of the writer’s suggestion
A．Useless. B．Unique. C．Helpful. D．Unpractical.
31．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Learning from Teaching B．An Unexpected Test
C．A Creative Father D．Preparing for Teaching
Top 5 Travel Destinations in China
★ Yunnan — a colorful wonderland
Yunnan is the most diverse (多种多样的) and colorful area in China. You can admire different views, such as snowcapped mountains, rainforests, highland lakes, historical sites and amazing minority villages. It is famous worldwide for the Old Town of Lijiang, which has a history of over 800 years.
★ Guilin — the place to go for classic Chinese countryside
“East to west, Guilin is best.” Guilin’s countryside scenery (风景) draws millions of tourists from near and far every year. Its unique limestone ( 石灰岩) scenery is known as “the most beautiful on earth”. The Li River is the most beautiful sight in Guilin, which attracts many photographers in spring and fall.
★ Chengdu — the city of cute giant pandas
Giant pandas are so cute that many travelers want to see these lovely animals. Though there are giant pandas in zoos in many places around China, the best place to see them is in Chengdu. Visitors can also take part in volunteer programs to take care of giant pandas.
★ Tibet — nothing but pure beauty
Tibet is an attractive destination for many tourists. It is best known for rich Tibetan culture, unique
Tibetan architectural structures, extremely large grasslands, herds (群) of sheep, blue skies, clear water and fresh air.
★Zhangjiajie
Zhangjiajie is famous for its high peaks (山峰), clear rivers, thick forests and diverse plants and animals. It is a must-see scenic area in China. Many foreign travelers’ attention was attracted to it through the filming of the movie Avatar.
32．What is Yunnan famous for
A．The Old Town of Lijiang.
B．The rich Tibetan culture.
C．The highland lakes.
D．The unique limestone scenery.
33．What can visitors enjoy in Guilin
A．Exploring minority villages.
B．Seeing herds of sheep.
C．Climbing the high peaks.
D．Admiring countryside scenery.
34．Where should visitors go if they desire to see the cute and lovely animals
A．Yunnan. B．Guilin. C．Chengdu. D．Tibet.
I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting. But where are we doing all of this waiting, and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours To understand the issue, let’s take a look at three types of “waits”.
The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait. It is without doubt the most annoying of all. Take filling up the kitchen sink(厨房洗涤盆) as an example. There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it’s full. During these waits, the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks. This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.
A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait. This one requires a bit of discipline. Properly preparing packaged noodle soup requires a Forced Wait. Directions are very specific. “Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, simmer for three minutes, remove from heat, let stand for five minutes.” I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires patience.
Perhaps the most powerful type of waiting is the Lucky-Break Wait. This type of wait is unusual in that it is for the most part voluntary. Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.
Turning one’s life into a waiting game requires faith and hope, and is strictly for the optimists among us. On the surface it seems as ridiculous as following the directions on soup mixes, but the Lucky-Break Wait well serves those who are willing to do it. As long as one doesn’t come to rely on it, wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.
We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting. The next time you’re standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you’ll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, don’t be desperate. You’re probably just as busy as the next guy.
35．While doing a Watched-Pot Wait, we tend to________.
A．keep ourselves busy B．get absent-minded
C．grow anxious D．stay focused
36．What is the difference between the Forced Wait and the Watched-Pot Wait
A．The Forced Wait requires some self-control.
B．The Forced Wait makes people passive.
C．The Watched-Pot Wait needs directions.
D．The Watched-Pot Wait engages body and brain.
37．What does the author advise us to do the next time we are waiting
A．Take it seriously. B．Don’t rely on others.
C．Do something else. D．Don’t lose heart.
38．The author supports his view by ________.
A．exploring various causes of “waits”
B．describing detailed processes of “waits”
C．analysing different categories of “waits”
D．revealing frustrating consequences of “waits”
参考答案：
1．A
2．D
3．D
4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚的学生普遍面临着很大的学习压力。学生们如何才能缓解学习压力呢？将瑜伽引入澳大利亚校园是个不错的主意。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“According to an OECD survey, nearly half (47%) of Australian students feel very anxious when they study, compared to the international number of 37%. 67% of Australian students say they feel very nervous even if they’re well-prepared for a test. And the international number of that is 56% (64% for girls and 47% for boys).”（根据经济合作与发展组织（OECD）的一项调查，近一半（47%）的澳大利亚学生在学习时感到非常焦虑，而国际学生的这一比例为37%。67%的澳大利亚学生表示，即使他们为考试做好了充分准备，他们也会感到非常紧张。国际上这一比例为56%（女孩为64%，男孩为47%））可知，澳大利亚学生面临的学业压力很大。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Schools can better support students by providing yoga programs. And among them, mindfulness practice is the most common. Mindfulness practice requires people to pay attention to the present moment and realize and accept feelings, thoughts and bodily sensations as they really are. It improves the ability to get used to new environments for the first-year college students. They will also feel less stressed about schoolwork.”（学校可以通过提供瑜伽课程来更好地支持学生。其中，正念练习是最常见的。正念练习要求人们关注当下，意识到并接受真实的感觉、思想和身体感觉。它提高了大一新生适应新环境的能力。他们也会感到较少的学业压力）可知，正念练习是学校采取的帮助学生适应环境，管理学习压力的一种课程方式。正念练习是一个管理压力的好方法。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ In high schools, students believe mindfulness-based yoga programs can improve memory, grades, and their abilities to control her feelings. Students also think yoga could make them less interested in smoking and drinking and increase connection with family and friends.”（在高中，学生们相信正念瑜伽课程可以提高他们的记忆力、成绩和控制情绪的能力。学生们还认为瑜伽会降低他们对吸烟和喝酒的兴趣，并增加与家人和朋友的联系）可知，高中生认为正念瑜伽课程是一门非常好的课程，使他们远离一些坏习惯，有助于他们身心的健康成长。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。文章首段陈述了“澳大利亚的学生普遍面临着很大的学业压力”这一问题；第二段提出练习瑜伽可以有效地帮助学生减压；第三、四段以瑜伽中的正念练习为例说明练习瑜伽对学生的好处；最后一段再次强调应该将瑜伽引进学校。由此可知，本文的最佳标题是“建议瑜伽引进澳大利亚的学校”。符合题意。故选B。
5．B
6．C
7．B
8．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者从食物与文化关系的角度表达了自己的看法，作者认为传统食物是文化的重要组成部分，它也是一种文化身份的表达，食物是了解文化的窗口。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants(移民)bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride in their culture and means of coping with homesickness.”（它也是一种文化认同的表达。移民无论走到哪里都会带着它，它象征着他们对自己的文化和应对乡愁的方式的自豪。）可知传统食品的功能在于它显示了文化认同。故选B项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段“Additionally, immigrants do not only sell cuisine to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries.Therefore, they have to make small changes to the original cuisine to cater to a wider range of customers. ”（此外，移民不仅向来自同一国家的人出售美食，还向来自不同国家的人销售美食。因此，他们不得不对原有的菜肴做一些小改动，以迎合更广泛的顾客。）可知一些移民不得不改变餐馆原有的菜肴，这是为了让菜肴在顾客中流行。故选C项。
7．观点态度题。根据最后一段“We should not only embrace our heritage through our culture’s food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food.”（我们不仅应该通过我们的文化食物来传承我们的传统，而且应该通过尝试其他文化的食物来更多地了解其他文化。）可知作者坚持平衡不同食物文化。故选B项。
8．文章出处题。根据文章大意，本文主要叙述了作者从食物与文化关系的角度表达了自己的看法，作者认为传统食物是文化的重要组成部分，它也是一种文化身份的表达，食物是了解文化的窗口。可知本文主题与食物有关。故选C项。
9．B
10．C
11．A
12．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者结合自己寄宿家庭的经历介绍了在国外生活住在寄宿家庭的好处。
9．词句猜测题。根据上文“Moving to a foreign country is an amazing, life-changing experience. It’s an opportunity to meet new people, make yourself completely involved in a different culture and possibly learn another language. (搬到国外生活是一种令人惊奇的、改变生活的经历，是一个认识新朋友的机会，完全融入到不同的文化中，并且可以学会另一种语言)”可知，在国外生活是一种令人惊奇的、改变生活的经历，是一个认识新朋友的机会，完全融入到不同的文化中，并且可以学习另一种语言。由转折词“However”以及下文“such an adventure”可推断此处表示：在出发进行这样的冒险之前，需要做一些实用的决定。由此可知该短语的意思是：出发，与B项“Setting about”意义相近。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段的“For me, choosing to live with a French family was the best choice I made, and here are the reasons..(对我来说，选择和法国家庭生活是我做出的最好选择，下面就是原因)”可知，作者在国外生活时选择住在寄宿家庭里。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Moreover, living with French people has been beneficial to helping me improve my language skills.(此外，与法国人住在一起，帮助我提高了我的语言技能)”可知，与法国人住在一起有助于提高自己的法语技能。故选A。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段的“For me, choosing to live with a French family was the best choice I made, and here are the reasons..(对我来说，选择和法国家庭生活是我做出的最好选择，下面就是原因)”可知，作者是通过列出详细的原因来行文的，故选D。
13．A
14．B
15．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章对国内四个旅游景点的位置、景色、票价等信息进行了介绍。
13．细节理解题。根据Huangguoshu Waterfall, Guizhou段落下的“Huangguoshu Waterfall is the largest and most wonderful group of waterfalls in China.(黄果树瀑布是中国最大最壮观的瀑布)”可知，游客如果要欣赏中国最大的瀑布应去看贵州的黄果树瀑布。故选A项。
14．细节理解题。根据Changbai Mountain, Jilin段落下的“Hours: 8 a. m. to 4p. m. (时间：上午8点到下午4点)”可知，游客去长白山玩只能呆8小时。故选B项。
15．推理判断题。根据段落小标题“Huangguoshu Waterfall, Guizhou(贵州黄果树瀑布)”“Shigatse, Tibet(西藏日喀则)”“Jiuzhai Valley, Sichuan(四川九寨沟)”“Changbai Mountain, Jilin(吉林长白山)”及对这些景点的介绍可推知，本文最可能出自旅游杂志。故选B项。
16．D
17．C
18．D
19．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了耶鲁大学的Lueylle Armentano最近发表的一项研究，研究表明与人互动时，你的肢体语言可以胜过你的口头语言。
16．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后两句“You want to seem interested, so you offer the occasional “Oh” or “I see”. To your surprise, though, this person angrily stops in their tracks and says, “Sorry if I’m boring you!(你想显得感兴趣，所以你偶尔说“哦”或“我明白了”。然而，让你惊讶的是，这个人生气地停下脚步说：“如果我让你感到无聊了，我很抱歉!”)”可知，这是一个言语和行为上不一致的一个举例，即语言和非语言不匹配的例子。故选D项。
17．细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句“The key question was whether the other participants, another 82 Yale students, would believe the student and provide the help he was requesting. They needed to give their responses.(关键问题是，其他的参与者，另外82名耶鲁学生，是否会相信这个学生，并提供他所要求的帮助。他们需要给出自己的反应)”可知，这82名耶鲁学生被要求对紧张的学生的要求作出回应。故选C项。
18．细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句“Surprisingly, helping behavior was the highest when verbal expressions of nervousness were low but nonverbal cues were high.(令人惊讶的是，当紧张的言语表达较少而非言语暗示较多时，帮助行为最高)”可知，非语言暗示，即紧张的肢体动作是赢得善意最重要的因素。故选D项。
19．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句“Recognizing that your body language can outweigh your words means that you need to be mindful of what your body is doing when you’re interacting with others.(意识到你的肢体语言可以胜过你的语言意味着当你与他人互动时，你需要注意你的身体在做什么)”结合全段可推知，本段作者主要是给出一些针对性的建议。故选C项。
20．C
21．A
22．C
23．D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述我国水稻专家袁隆平带领其团队在迪拜的沙漠地区试验种植的耐盐碱水稻取得了成功，本文介绍了这一成功的重要意义以及他们所面临的困难。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It was the world’s first successful case of planting rice in a tropical desert area, standing as China’s contribution to improving the ability of people in desert areas to be self-sufficient in main foods.(这是世界上第一个在热带沙漠地区种植水稻的成功案例，标志着中国为提高沙漠地区人民的主要粮食自给能力做出了贡献。)”可推知，中国团队在沙漠地区种植耐盐水稻方面发挥了重要作用。故选C项。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The biggest challenge is the desert soil, which is low in organic matter and unable to keep soil water as it is totally sand.(最大的挑战是沙漠土壤，它的有机质含量低，不能保持土壤的水分，因为它完全是沙子)”可知，在迪拜沙漠种植水稻最困难的是土壤有机质缺乏，土壤水分难以保持。故选A项。
22．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Famous Chinese agricultural scientist Yuan Longping and his research team’s experiment of planting saltwater-tolerant(耐盐碱) rice in desert areas of Dubai in the United Arab Emirates proved to be a success, with one type of rice producing more than 7.5 tons per hectare(公顷), Xinhua reported.(据新华社报道，中国著名农业科学家袁隆平和他的研究团队在阿联酋迪拜沙漠地区种植耐盐水水稻的实验取得了成功，一种水稻每公顷产量超过7.5吨)”以及结合后文可知，这篇文章主要讲的是中国团队成功地在迪拜沙漠种植耐盐水水稻。故选C项。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段“... Dubai plan to set up a 100-hectare experimental farmland in Dubai, to test the production costs and farming techniques(耕种技术) of the saltwater-tolerant rice and prepare for promotion. (迪拜计划建立一块100公顷的实验农田来测试耐盐碱水稻生产的费用和和耕种技术，并准备提升它的产量。)”可知，政府将会在这块实验农田投入更多的财力和人力来研究耐盐碱水稻。故选D项。
24．C
25．D
26．B
27．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员发现减少屏幕时间有助于提高生活满意度。
24．推理判断题。文章第二段“It begs the question: Are people all really better off turning back to landlines(座机) (这就引出了一个问题：人们真的最好回到固定电话上吗 )”提出一个问题，根据第三段中“whose team set out to answer that question by gathering together 619 volunteers(她的团队召集了619名志愿者来回答这个问题)”可知，下文提到Julia Brailovskaia博士的团队为了回答这个问题而进行了一项试验，故第二段的目的是解释为什么要做实验，故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段“200 people put their smartphones completely aside for a week; 226 reduced the amount of time they used the device by one hour a day; 193 people didn’t change anything in their behavior.(200人将智能手机完全搁置一周；226人将他们每天使用该设备的时间减少了一小时；193人的行为没有任何改变)”可知，研究人员在测试志愿者之前把他们分成三个小组。故选D。
26．词义猜测题。划线单词上文“We found that both completely giving up the smartphone and reducing its daily use by one hour had positive effects on the well-being of the participants(参与者)(我们发现，完全放弃智能手机和减少一小时的日常使用都对参与者的幸福感产生了积极影响)”可知，Brailovskaia对上文进行的研究进行总结，然后得出结论或者结果。由此可知， upshots可以用results“后果，结果”代替。故选B。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段“This group also showed improved life satisfaction, more exercise, and less depression(沮丧).(这组人的生活满意度也有所提高，运动量增加，抑郁程度降低)”可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员研究发现减少屏幕时间有助于提高生活满意度。A项“智能手机越少，幸福感越强”可最好概括本文。故选A。
28．D
29．B
30．C
31．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“我”引导我的女儿记忆Reproductive Cycle of Plants单元。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“Dad, I need to memorize a unit about the Reproductive Cycle of Plants. And I can hardly make it.(爸爸，我需要记住一个关于植物繁殖周期的单元。我几乎做不到)”可知，Juliet记不住一个很难的单元，所以情绪低落。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段“but in fact you can do better in tests if you work on trying to understand the material.(但事实上，如果你努力理解材料，你会在考试中做得更好)”可知，作者认为理解是学习最好的关键。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段“Juliet was open to my advice.(Juliet乐于接受我的建议)”以及下文Juliet的做法可知，Juliet认为作者的建议有帮助。故选C。
31．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，作者通过讲述自己引导女儿背书的经历说明学习最好的途径是理解，A项“从教学中学习”适合作为文章大意。故选A。
32．A
33．D
34．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的五大旅游目的地。
32．细节理解题。根据★ Yunnan — a colorful wonderland中的“It is famous worldwide for the Old Town of Lijiang, which has a history of over 800 years.(丽江古城闻名世界，有800多年的历史。)”可知，云南以丽江古城而闻名。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据★ Guilin — the place to go for classic Chinese countryside中的“Guilin’s countryside scenery (风景) draws millions of tourists from near and far every year.(桂林的乡村风光每年吸引着数以百万计的来自四面八方的游客。)”可知，游客在桂林可以欣赏乡村风景。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据★ Chengdu — the city of cute giant pandas中的“Giant pandas are so cute that many travelers want to see these lovely animals. (大熊猫是如此可爱，以至于许多游客都想看看这些可爱的动物。)”得知，如果游客想看可爱的动物，可以去成都去看大熊猫。故选C。
35．B
36．A
37．D
38．C
【导语】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们说明了等待的三种类型，同时告诉我们不应该在等待时失去信心。
35．细节理解题。根据第二段中“During these waits, the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks. This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.(在这些等待过程中，思绪会从身体中溜走，四处游荡，直到水从柜台边缘流到你的袜子上。这种等待让等待者感到无助和心不在焉)”可知在关注式等待的时候，我们往往会走神。故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据第三段中“A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait. This one requires a bit of self-control.(与关注式等待类似的是强迫等待。但它需要一点自我控制)”可知强迫等待与关注式等待的区别是强迫等待需要一些自制力。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.(不像强迫等待，这也是自愿的，等待你的幸运并不一定意味着它会发生)”以及倒数第二段“As long as one doesn’t come to rely on it, wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.(只要一个人不依赖它，希望发生一些好事永远不会伤害任何人)”可知，作者建议我们下次等待的时候不要灰心。故选D。
38．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“To understand the issue, let's take a look at three types of waits.(为了理解这个问题，我们来看一下三种类型的“等待”)”以及文章主要内容可知作者是通过分析不同类别的等待证明自己的观点。故选C。阅读理解
Apples, oranges and other fruit should be kept in the fridge to last long, new supermarket labels will say, in a move which could tell the end of the traditional fruit bowl. The labels will form part of the Government-backed guidance to help consumers reduce the amount of food they throw by changing advice on packs of supermarket food.
Under the plan supermarkets will introduce a new “Little Blue Fridge” sign for food which should be kept chilled(冷藏), or benefit from being kept in the fridge to prevent it going off. The sign will appear on much food which is not usually kept in the fridge. For example the Waste and Resources Action Program (WRAP) pointed out that apples, oranges and pears, which are usually kept in a fruit bowl, should in fact be stored in the fridge.
Dr. Andrew Parry, a special advisor on food and drink, said, “Most fresh fruit and vegetables will keep fresher for longer if kept in their packaging and in the fridge. Generally a good way to manage fruit at home is to take out enough into the fruit bowl—if you prefer it at room temperature; but use your fridge as cold storage for the majority. This will give you more time to enjoy your food, and help cut down on waste.”
Environment Minister Thérèse Coffey said, “We know that confusing(难以理解的) labels can lead to food waste by suggesting that edible items need to be thrown away sooner. This new guidance will make packaging much clearer for consumers, saving them money and reducing waste. I encourage all food businesses, large and small, to use this guidance to help them put the right date mark on food and help to guide people on the freezing products which are crucial(至关重要的)to reducing the amount of edible food thrown away.”
Heather Hancock, chairman at the Food Standards Agency, said, “I think this clear guidance can help deal with food waste, without damaging the safety of food. It will help businesses supply food that is properly described and stored, and safely provided to consumers.”
1．According to the text, what is in line with the goal of the Government-backed guidance
A．It encourages business. B．It lowers goods prices.
C．It helps cut down on waste. D．It improves product quality.
2．What’s the second paragraph mainly about
A．The plan newly put forward by the government.
B．The common fruit and vegetables kept in the fridge.
C．Effects of the new “Little Blue Fridge” sign on food.
D．Supermarkets’ reaction to the Government-backed guidance.
3．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “edible” in Paragraph 4
A．Eatable. B．Bad. C．Fresh. D．Packaged.
4．What’s Heather Hancock’s attitude towards the Government-backed guidance
A．Critical. B．Cold. C．Positive. D．Disappointed.
For a few seconds on a sunny afternoon last April，renewables broke a record for California’s main electric network，providing enough power to supply 94.5% of demand. The moment was praised as a milestone on the path to decarbonisation(脱碳).But what happens when the sunsets and the winds stop
Handling the varied power production of renewables will require cheap storage for hours or even days at a time. New types of iron-based batteries might be up to the task.
Many firms are engaged in developing these kinds of batteries. Oregon- based ESS,whose batteries can store energy for between four and twelve hours，launched its first network-scale projects in 2021.Massachusetts-based Form Energy,which raised $ 240 million in 2021，has batteries that store power for up to 100 hours. Its first installation will be a one-megawatt(兆瓦)pilot plant in Minnesota，planned to be completed in 2023.
Both companies rely on batteries that use iron，one of the most abundant materials on the planet. This means that their offerings could eventually be cheaper than other network storage candidates. Form says its batteries could eventually cost just $ 20 per kilowatt-hour，lower than even optimistic predictions for lithium-ion(锂离子)batteries in the next several decades.
There are still challenges to address：iron batteries typically have low efficiency，meaning a good part of the energy that’s put into them can’t be recovered. Unwanted side reactions can also degrade them over time. But if iron-based batteries can be applied widely，at a low enough cost，they could help power more of the world with renewable energy.
5．What is the author’s purpose of raising a question in the first paragraph
A．To introduce the topic of the article. B．To support the topic of this paragraph.
C．To highlight the importance of energy. D．To inspire more scientists to study.
6．How does the author develop Paragraph 3
A．By making classifications. B．By analysing cause and effect.
C．By giving examples. D．By explaining definitions.
7．What do we know about the iron-based batteries in the passage
A．They are bound to quickly replace all the existing batteries.
B．They are of great help in spite of several unknown weaknesses.
C．They are believed to be applied more widely in the remote areas.
D．They are expected to supply more energy at a much lower cost.
8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Competition：Two Battery Companies
B．Possibility：Long-lasting Network Batteries
C．Challenge：New Battery with Low Efficiency
D．Milestone：Success in Decarbonisation
It has always been horrible for me to picture my life in old age. My recent visits to the senior care center, however, relieved some of my fears and provided valuable food for thought.
Looking for meaningful ways to spend my weekends after my exams, I signed up for a program of arts and crafts for the elderly run by my schoolmates. I was informed that the Renci Nursing Home,where the program would be held, accommodated some of the less fortunate elderly in Singapore. Some background research gave me the impression that many of them suffered from physical problems and had little family support. As a result, I expected the atmosphere there to be discouraging. And, judging by the lack of interest in the painting activities, I truly sensed a feeling of aimlessness there. Given that we live in a society in which the relationships between the generations are weakening, perhaps the disappointing atmosphere in the home wasn’t surprising. The people were cut off from the ties that make life meaningful.
Is it safe to say then that our lives after retirement will likely feel aimless But after I spoke to a Portuguese-Chinese man, I thought that this wasn’t necessarily so. At the age of 90, he displayed a surprisingly strong sense of control over his life. His liveliness was exceptional among the elderly population in the home. He had spent his life either traveling around the world as a backpacker, or working hard in Singapore to save up for his trips. He had made it a rule to learn foreign languages,exercise and eat healthily- something he continued to do during his stay in the nursing home.
While he spoke to me about how his time in London had shaped his view of cultural difference,I looked into his eyes. I knew that this was the kind of control over life that I wanted for myself. I don’ t want to spend half of my time wandering about in foreign countries like he did, but I do want to appreciate the richness that life has to offer.
9．Why did the author go to the Renci Nursery Home
A．It was run by his schoolmates. B．He meant to learn arts and crafts.
C．It housed some unfortunate seniors. D．He wanted a significant weekend.
10．What did the author think of the nursing home before he entered it
A．It was filled with depression. B．It solved physical problems.
C．It was full of impressive activities. D．It connected different generations.
11．What mainly helped the author change his attitude toward old age
A．The efforts of the elderly. B．The view of cultural difference.
C．The liveliness of an old man. D．The care of the nursing home.
12．What can we learn about the author
A．He was trying to call on people to care for the elderly.
B．He found what he wanted for his life--living by his own law.
C．He would travel by himself like a backpacker.
D．He made adequate preparations for his old age.
They say procrastination (拖延) is the thief of time — actually deadlines are. New research has found that if you want someone to help you out with something, it is best not to set a deadline at all. But if you do set a deadline, make it short.
Professor Stephen Knowles tested the effect of deadline length on task completion for their research.Participants were invited to complete an online survey concerning a charity donation. They were given either one week, one month, or no deadline to respond. Professor Knowles says although the topic of the survey is about charity, the results are true of any situation where someone asks another person for help.
The study found responses to the survey were lowest for the one-month deadline and highest when no deadline was specified. No deadline and the one-week deadline led to many early responses, while a long deadline appeared to give people permission to procrastinate, and then forget. Professor Knowles wasn’t surprised to find that specifying a shorter deadline increased the chances of receiving a response compared to a longer deadline. However, he did find it interesting that they received the most responses when no deadline was specified.
“We interpret this as evidence that specifying a longer deadline, as opposed to a short deadline or no deadline at all, removes the urgency to act,” he says. “People therefore put off undertaking the task, and since they are inattentive or forget, postponing it results in lower response rates.”
He says of the research that it is possible that not specifying a deadline might still have led participants to assume that there is an unspoken deadline. Professor Knowles hopes his research can help reduce the amount of procrastinating people do. “Many people procrastinate. They have the best intentions of helping someone out, but just do not get around to doing it.”
13．Why did Professor Knowles do the research
A．To study the role a deadline plays in procrastination.
B．To find out whether people are interested in charity.
C．To attract public attention to the effects of procrastination.
D．To test the effect of procrastination on task completion.
14．What most likely leads to procrastination
A．No deadlines. B．Short deadlines. C．Specific deadlines. D．Long deadlines.
15．What’ s the attitude of Professor Knowles to the findings of the study
A．Interested. B．Conservative. C．Confused. D．Unsurprised.
16．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Procrastination — the Thief of Time B．Procrastination — the Urgent Problem to Solve
C．Deadline — the Key to Reducing Procrastination D．Deadline — a Result of Procrastination
According to the statistics shared by UNESCO, at least 43% of the total languages being spoken across the world are in danger of extinction. Moreover, many languages around the world have less than 1,000 speakers now. Linguists (语言学家) and researchers believe that by the end of the century, at least half of the world’ s languages will have died.
Language activists and people who speak these endangered languages spare no effect to fight back. Scientists believe that digitalization might be our only hope to preserve some of these quickly disappearing languages in the online world.
For example, Oxford University Press launched Oxford Global Languages a few years ago, advocating “digitally underrepresented” languages. They are focused on promoting languages that might have close to a million speakers worldwide, but have little or no online presence. Therefore, they have been creating digital dictionaries as a fundamental building block to help preserve them.
There have been countless other projects like this with the same aim. Another is the Rosetta Project,which aims to create a handheld digital library that will carry more than 1,500 languages. It will be appropriately sized to fit nicely into our hands, and will come with around 13,000 pages of information. Projects like these have as their main goals to ensure the preservation of local languages long after their speakers have died.
Countless languages will continue to perish as the remaining speakers die. Of course, we cannot only rely on digitization to deal with worldwide languages loss. However, it is a step in the right direction. These digital tools offer endangered languages many opportunities to bounce back and survive.
17．What does the data in paragraph 1 mainly show
A．Many languages are endangered.
B．Culture determines language development.
C．Human activity has an influence on languages.
D．Many linguists attempt to protect threatened languages.
18．What does Oxford Global Languages try to do
A．Promote online courses of local languages.
B．Publish paper dictionaries of global languages.
C．Increase dying language speakers to a million.
D．Make certain languages available in digital form.
19．What can we learn about the digital library to be created by the Rosetta Project
A．It is portable but very expensive.
B．It is sponsored by Oxford University Press.
C．It provides protection for linguistic diversity.
D．It contains automatically updated information.
20．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “perish” in the last paragraph
A．Be enriched. B．Be lost. C．Be acquired. D．Be invented.
Rescarchers in the US treated healthy mice with a form of gene therapy that refreshed older cells, making the animals more youthful according to biological markers that are used to measure the effects of ageing. Repeating the trick in humans is far from straightforward, but the findings will fuel interest in new therapiesthat aim to slow or reverse theageing process as a means of tackling age-related diseases such as cancers and Alzheimer’s.
The scientists drew on previous work by the Japanese Nobel winner Prof Shinya Yamanaka, who showed that a mixture of four molecules(原子)—known as Yamanaka factors—can turn adult cells into youthful stem cells that are capable of forming almost any tissue (组织) in the body.
Writing in the journal Nature Aging,the US team led by Jasper and Prof Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte at the Salk Institute in California and the San Diego Altos Institute, found that mice who received Yamanaka factors for several months were similar to younger animals in many ways, with their skin in particular showing signs of rejuvenation(恢复青春).
The experiments showed that rejuvenation was more effective when the therapy was given for a long time—7 to 10 months—starting when the animals were 12 to 15 months old, equal to age 35 to 50 in humans. Whén older animals, equal to 80 years old in human terms, were treated for one month, the scientists saw little impact.
Rather than using Yamanaka factors to rejuvenate aged humans, many scientists suspect that new drugs will be needed to partially reprogram cells safely and effectively. “In theory, biological age reversal or reduction could be possible. However, we are at very early stages where we need to understand the basic science behind it much better,” said Dr.Tamir Chandra, an expert in the biology of ageing at the University of Edinburgh.
21．Which of the following best describes the findings of the research
A．Suspicious.
B．Tricky.
C．Amusing.
D．Inspiring.
22．What can we say about Yamanaka factors
A．They are made up of three molecules.
B．They can probably rejuvenate mice’s skin.
C．They were first found by a Japanese scientist.
D．They can become a part of mice’s body tissue.
23．What can be inferred from the findings of the experiments
A．The therapy given for a long time works better.
B．Humans may have better outcomes than animals.
C．The rejuvenation is more effective for people aged 12 to 15.
D．Older animals can live longer with the help of the treatment.
24．What do Dr.Tamir Chandra’s words mainly tell us
A．The researches are far from complete.
B．The process of growing old cannot be stopped.
C．The basic rule behind rejuvenation is fully understood.
D．The new drug has been put into use safely and effectively.
A Dutch city will become the first in the world to ban meat advertisements from public spaces in an effort to reduce consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.The ban also covers holiday flights, fossil fuels and cars that run on fossil fuels.The ban is delayed until 2024 due to existing contracts with companies that sell the products.
Haarlem, which lies to the west of Amsterdam and has a population of about 160,000,will bring the ban into effect from 2024 after meat was added to a list of products deemed to contribute to the climate crisis. Advertisements will not be allowed on Haarlem’s buses, shelters and screens in public spaces, prompting complaints from the meat sector that the government is “going too far in telling people what’s best for them”.
Recent studies suggest global food production is responsible for one-third of all planet-heating emissions,with the use of animals for meat accounting for twice the pollution of producing plant-based foods. Forests that absorb carbon dioxide are cut down for the food of animals while fertilisers used for growing their feed are rich in nitrogen(氮)，which can contribute to air pollution，water pollution and climate change. Livestock also produces large quantities of methane(甲烷)，a powerful greenhouse gas.
Zlggy Klazes,a councillor from the GroenLinks party, said she had not known the city would be the world’s first to enforce such a policy when she proposed it. She told the Haarlem105 radio channel:“We are not about what people are baking and roasting in their own kitchen;if people want to continue eating meat, it’s fine. We can’t tell people there’s a climate crisis and meanwhile,encourage them to buy products that are part of the cause. Of course, there are a lot of people who find the decision shocking and unreasonable,but there are also a lot of people who think it’s fine.”
25．What does the meat sector think of the ban
A．Disapproving.
B．Neutral.
C．Indifferent.
D．Positive.
26．What do recent studies show
A．Nitrogen is harmful to the environment.
B．Methane mainly comes from livestock.
C．Meat consumption causes more pollution.
D．People cut down trees for human habitation.
27．What message do Ziggy Klazes’s words convey
A．She is the first to ban meat advertisement.
B．She is in favor of banning meat advertising.
C．She emphasizes the advantage of eating meat.
D．She cares about what people cook in the kitchen
28．What is the best title for the text
A．Fossil fuels are banned in Dutch city.
B．Dutch city decreases meat production.
C．Dutch city bans meat advertisements in public.
D．Greenhouse gas emissions are limited in Dutch city.
I first came to Berwickshire for a job-to be the Ranger for the Berwickshire Marine Reserve.I was then Senior Ranger for St Abb’s Head National Nature Reserve and I set up my own business, In Our Nature, offering wildlife journeys,walks,talks and courses in 2020. There’s so much I love about Berwickshire.Its stunning scenery. Its variety of landscapes and habitats and range of amazing wildlife, both above and below the water. Its friendly people. In places you can feel like you are a million miles from anywhere, when in reality you’re just an hour’s drive from Edinburgh.
The thing that supports everything on the Berwickshire Coast is its varied and fascinating geology(地质).The jewel in the crown is Siccar Point. With its world-famous non-conformity(均变)，it’s considered the birthplace of modern geology. The geology not only shapes the landscape, but it also impacts on the wildlife, forming varied habitats from steep sheltered valleys and towering cliffs to sheltered sandy bays.
There’s nothing I like more than being out in nature and sharing my passion with others, so starting up In Our Nature was a no brainer. In the warmer months I offer tours on land and sea to help folk enjoy the amazing wildlife and scenery of the Berwickshire Coast. In the darker months my online courses help people learn about wildlife in the hope that it will increase their enjoyment of the marine and coastal environments they spend time in.
My favourite spot on the Berwickshire Coast has got to be a place called Petticowick. The views up the coast and inland to the Mire Loch are second to none. It’s a place where you can marvel at geology which covers unimaginable periods of time. You can listen to and watch thousands of seabirds that return to the cliffs to breed each spring. Or witness all the amazing activity of the breeding seal colony on the beach below during the early winter.
29．Why did the author go to Berwickshire
A．To do sightseeing.
B．To make friends.
C．To work in a reserve.
D．To study wildlife.
30．What do the underlined words “The jewel in the crown" mean
A．The highest part.
B．The most attractive part.
C．The valueless part.
D．The advanced part.
31．How does the author help people get to know wildlife in darker months
A．By providing online courses.
B．By sharing her experiences.
C．By offering tours on land.
D．By organizing trips to the sea.
32．What can we learn from the text
A．Modern geology needs further study.
B．Petticowick should be well preserved.
C．People should not take advantage of nature.
D．The author is enthusiastic about Berwickshire.
LEGOLAND California
Ready, set, explore! What will you do first Conquer The Dragon or soar through the sky on Emmet’s Flying Adventure Ride Awesome awaits at LEGOLANDO California Resort!
Rides &Attractions
LEGOLAND California is filled with more than 60 kid-friendly rides, shows and attractions all built for fun and prepared for families with children between the ages of 2 and 12! Inside LEGOLAND, you can enter a world of knights and princesses to conquer the Dragon Coaster. Kids can drive their own cars at Driving School.
Shows&Activities
From 4-D Movies to the LEGO Friends Beach Mission, LEGOLAND California offers entertainment to delight every member of the family. Download our mobile app for showtimes!
Dining
Bring your appetite! We have all of your favorites from cheeseburgers, pizza, a wide range of sweet treats and freshly prepared choices from tasty salads and fried chicken. Popcorn,novelty ice cream and cold beverages are available at carts weather permitting.
Tickets
*1-Day LEGOLAND
Adult(Ages 13+):$110 Child(Ages 3-12):$104
*1-Day LEGOLAND+SEA LIFE
Adult(Ages 13+):$130 Child(Ages 3-12):$124
*2-Day LEGOLAND+SEA LIFE
Adult(Ages 13+):$155 Child(Ages 3-12):$149
Book with Confidence!
Learn more about how we are making it safe to play at our Theme Park and Hotel! The California Department of Public Health strongly recommends that all guests be fully vaccinated or obtain a negative COVID-19 test prior to entering theme parks. All guests are required to review important health and safety information on this website before arriving. Questions Visit our Frequently Asked Questions page!
33．What are visitors advised to do to know the specific time of the shows
A．Phone the park for the showtimes.
B．Get the timetable from the Internet.
C．Download the mobile app of the park.
D．Consult the park about the time in person.
34．How much should they pay if a couple with a 5-year-old kid visit LEGOLAND for 1 day
A．S214.
B．$384.
C．$304
D．S324.
35．Where can the text be found
A．In a magazine.
B．On a website.
C．In a travel brochure.
D．In a biography.
Luya, a virtual singer who was admitted to a Chinese music college in 2022, made a hit recently.The pink-haired anime (动漫) girl, developed by iFLYTEK, China’s leading AI and speech tech company, shows skills that are unmatched by her classmates in the real world. She can easily mix diversified musical genres, analyze complicated chords (和弦) and explore broader possibilities of making music great fun. More than a virtual idol, she is an example of the new industrial fashion in the country.
China’s internet magnates (巨头) are acting quick to explore AI digital humans’ potential. Baidu launched a digital person called Xi Ling, who can provide a 24-hour tireless live streaming service. Ayayi, another AI-enabled influeneer, joined Alibaba as a digital manager. A large quantity of Chinese TV stations have jumped on the bandwagon (潮流) as well. Many digital hosts have appeared on the sereen. They are expected to revolutionize the media landscape in the future.
Lu Yanxia, an analyst from IDC, said that AI digital humans have shown noticeable commercial value in some areas, and a growing number of them will work together with human beings in the future. But such digital beings should be properly introduced into their areas, Lu added.
Now, China is trying to deepen the integration of AI, virtual reality and 8K tech and expand their applications in social networking, shopping, entertainment and exhibitions. According to the data from iiMedia Research, the market value in China driven by virtual humans is expected to reach $92.45billion in 2025.
36．Which of the following words best describes Luya
A．Experienced. B．Irreplaceable. C．Intelligent. D．Respected.
37．What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A．Xi Ling is employed as a digital manager.
B．Virtual figures are applied online and in TV programs.
C．Digital hosts have revolutionized the media landscape.
D．Baidu designed virtual influencers as managers.
38．What does Lu Yanxia think about AI digital humans
A．They have captured little attention of the market.
B．They are showing commercial value in all areas.
C．They should be properly introduced into their areas.
D．They will replace human beings in more areas.
39．What is the best title for the passage
A．AI-enabled virtual humans are becoming fashion in China
B．AI technology has a long way to go in China
C．China is to deepen the integration of AI technology
D．TV stations have brought in many digital hosts
参考答案
1．C
2．D
3．A
4．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项政府支持的指导将通过改变超市食品包装上的建议来帮助消费者减少浪费。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The labels will form part of the Government-backed guidance to help consumers reduce the amount of food they throw by changing advice on packs of supermarket food. (这些标签将成为政府支持的指导方针的一部分，通过改变超市食品包装上的建议，帮助消费者减少他们扔掉的食物量。)”可知，政府支持的指导有助于减少浪费。故选C项。
2．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Under the plan supermarkets will introduce a new ‘Little Blue Fridge’ sign for food which should be kept chilled(冷藏), or benefit from being kept in the fridge to prevent it going off. (根据该计划，超市将推出一个新的‘蓝色小冰箱’标志，用于存放需要冷藏的食物，或存放于冰箱中防止变质的食物。)”可知，本段主要讲超市对政府支持的指导的反应。故选D项。
3．词句猜测题。划线词句后文“I encourage all food businesses, large and small, to use this guidance to help them put the right date mark on food and help to guide people on the freezing products which are crucial(至关重要的)to reducing the amount of edible food thrown away. (我鼓励所有大大小小的食品企业使用这一指南，帮助他们在食品上贴上正确的日期标记，并帮助指导人们使用冷冻产品，这对减少可食用食品的扔掉至关重要。)”说明这样做的目的是减少可食用食品的被扔掉，从而推知划线词句“We know that confusing(难以理解的) labels can lead to food waste by suggesting that edible items need to be thrown away sooner. (我们知道，混淆标签会导致食物浪费，因为它暗示edible商品需要尽快扔掉。)”其中词汇意思应为“可食用的”。故选A项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Heather Hancock所说“I think this clear guidance can help deal with food waste, without damaging the safety of food. It will help businesses supply food that is properly described and stored, and safely provided to consumers. (我认为这一明确的指导方针有助于在不损害食品安全的情况下处理食品浪费。它将帮助企业提供经过正确描述和储存的食品，并安全提供给消费者。)”可知，Heather Hancock对政府支持指导持积极态度。故选C项。
5．A
6．C
7．D
8．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明可再生能源的低效率存储问题并提出了使用新型的铁基电池来解决。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The moment was praised as a milestone on the path to decarbonisation(脱碳).But what happens when the sunsets and the winds stop (这一时刻被誉为脱碳道路上的里程碑。但当日落和风停止时会发生什么呢 )”和第二段“Handling the varied power production of renewables will require cheap storage for hours or even days at a time. New types of iron-based batteries might be up to the task.(处理可再生能源的各种电力生产将需要廉价的存储，一次存储几个小时甚至几天。新型铁基电池或许可以胜任这项任务。)”可知，作者在第一段介绍新能源的目的是为了引入话题，介绍文章的主题“铁基电池”。故选A项。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Oregon- based ESS，whose batteries can store energy for between four and twelve hours，launched its first network-scale projects in 2021.Massachusetts-based Form Energy，which raised $ 240 million in 2021，has batteries that store power for up to 100 hours.(总部位于俄勒冈州的ESS的电池可以储存4到12小时的能量，于2021年启动了第一个网络规模的项目。总部位于马萨诸塞州的Form Energy公司于2021年筹集了2.4亿美元，其电池可储存电量长达100小时。)”可知，作者主要是通过举两个例子来说明铁基电池的发展，所以作者是通过举例子来展开第三段的。故选C项。
7．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But if iron-based batteries can be applied widely，at a low enough cost，they could help power more of the world with renewable energy.(但如果铁基电池能够以足够低的成本广泛应用，它们可以帮助世界上更多的人使用可再生能源。)”可知，铁基电池被期望以更低的成本提供更多的能量。故选D项。
8．主旨大意题。分析全文内容再根据文章最后一段“There are still challenges to address：iron batteries typically have low efficiency，meaning a good part of the energy that’s put into them can’t be recovered.(目前仍有一些挑战需要解决：铁电池的效率通常很低，这意味着投入其中的很大一部分能量无法回收。)”可知，本文主要说明可再生能源的低效率存储问题并提出了使用新型的铁基电池来解决，所以C选项“挑战：新型低效率电池”适合用作文章标题。故选C项。
9．D
10．A
11．C
12．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者想象自己晚年的生活会是一件可怕的事，然而，在去了老年护理中心以后，缓解了恐惧并对生活充满了感激。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Looking for meaningful ways to spend my weekends after my exams, I signed up to a program of arts and crafts for the elderly run by my schoolmates.(考试后，为了寻找有意义的方式来度过我的周末，我报名参加了一个由我的同学为老年人开办的艺术和手工艺项目。)”可知，作者去Renci养老院是为了寻找有意义的方式来度过周末。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some background research gave me the impression that many of them suffered from physical problems and had little family support. As a result, I expected the atmosphere there to be discouraging. (一些背景调查给我的印象是，他们中的许多人都有身体问题，几乎没有家庭支持。因此，我预计那里的气氛会令人沮丧。)”可知，作者在进入养老院之前，认为里面充满了沮丧。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据第三段“But after I spoke to a Portuguese-Chinese man, I thought that this wasn’t necessarily so. At the age of 90, he displayed a surprisingly strong sense of control over his life. His liveliness was exceptional among the elderly population in the home.(但当我和一个葡萄牙华裔男子交谈后，我觉得情况并非如此。在90岁的时候，他表现出了一种令人惊讶的强烈的生活控制感。他在这个家里的老年人中特别活泼。)”可知，是一个活泼的90岁老年人让作者改变了他对老年的态度。故选C。
12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I knew that this was the kind of control over life that I wanted for myself. (我知道这就是我想要的那种对生活的掌控。)”及全文可推断，作者找到了自己想要的生活——按照自己的法则生活。故选B。
13．A
14．D
15．D
16．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们拖延与设定截止日期的时间长短有关。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段“Professor Stephen Knowles tested the effect of deadline length on task completion for their research. (Stephen Knowles教授在他们的研究中测试了截止日期长度对任务完成的影响)”可推断，Stephen Knowles教授做这项研究是为了研究设定截止日期对拖延这一行为的影响。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段中“No deadline and the one-week deadline led to many early responses, while a long deadline appeared to give people permission to procrastinate, and then forget. (没有截止日期和一周的截止日期导致了许多早期的回复，而较长的截止日期似乎允许人们拖延，然后忘记)”可知，设定很长的截止日期最有可能导致拖延。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Professor Knowles wasn’t surprised to find that specifying a shorter deadline increased the chances of receiving a response compared to a longer deadline.( Knowles教授毫不惊讶地发现，与较长的截止日期相比，指定较短的截止日期会增加收到回复的机会)”可推断，Knowles教授对这项研究结果的态度是不惊讶的。故选D。
16．主旨大意题。通读全文，再根据文章第一段“They say procrastination is the thief of time — actually deadlines are. (人们说拖延是时间的小偷——实际上截止日期才是罪魁祸首)”以及第三段“specifying a shorter deadline increased the chances of receiving a response compared to a longer deadline. (与较长的截止日期相比，指定较短的截止日期可以增加收到回复的机会)”可知，文章主要介绍了设定截止日期的长短会影响人们做事是否拖延。由此可知，C项“Deadline — the Key to Reducing Procrastination (截止日期——减少拖延的关键)”适合作为本文标题。故选C。
17．A
18．D
19．C
20．B
【导语】本文为说明文。文章介绍了全世界使用的语言总数中至少有 43% 面临灭绝的危险，到本世纪末，世界上至少有一半的语言会消亡。科学家认为，数字化可能是我们在网络世界中保留其中一些迅速消失的语言的唯一希望。
17．推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“According to the statistics shared by UNESCO, at least 43% of the total languages being spoken across the world are in danger of extinction. Moreover, many languages around the world have less than 1,000 speakers now. (根据联合国教科文组织分享的统计数据，全世界使用的语言中至少有43%面临灭绝的危险。此外，现在世界上许多语言的使用者不到1000人)”可知，43% 的语言面临灭绝，一些语言的使用者人数甚至不超过1000人，这些数字是说明很多语言濒临灭绝。故选A项。
18．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“For example, Oxford University Press launched Oxford Global Languages a few years ago, advocating “digitally underrepresented” languages. They are focused on promoting languages that might have close to a million speakers worldwide, but have little or no online presence. Therefore, they have been creating digital dictionaries as a fundamental building block to help preserve them. (例如，牛津大学出版社几年前推出了牛津全球语言，倡导“数字代表性不足”的语言。他们专注于推广可能在全球有近一百万使用者的语言，但很少或根本没有在线存在。因此，他们一直在创建数字词典作为帮助保存它们的基本构建块)”可知，Oxford Global Languages 在创建数字词典，努力以数字的形式保存一些语言的基本构建块。故选D项。
19．推理判断题。根据第四段“There have been countless other projects like this with the same aim. Another is the Rosetta Project,which aims to create a handheld digital library that will carry more than 1,500 languages. It will be appropriately sized to fit nicely into our hands, and will come with around 13,000 pages of information.Projects like these have as their main goals to ensure the preservation of local languages long after their speakers have died.(有无数其他类似的项目具有相同的目标。另一个是罗塞塔项目，该项目旨在创建一个手持式数字图书馆，将承载1500多种语言。它的大小将适当，以适合我们的手，并将提供大约13000页的信息。像这样的项目的主要目标是确保在当地语言使用者去世后很长一段时间内得到保护)”可知， Rosetta Project项目的目标是确保当地的语言在使用者在去世之后很长一段时间后可以得到保护，即它保护了语言的多样性。故选C项。
20．词义猜测题。根据上文第四段最后一句“Projects like these have as their main goals to ensure the preservation of local languages long after their speakers have died.(像这样的项目的主要目标是确保在当地语言使用者去世后很长一段时间内得到保护)”和下文最后一段第二句“Of course, we cannot only rely on digitization to deal with worldwide languages loss.(当然，我们不能仅仅依靠数字化来应对全球语言的流失) ”可知，此处指的是语言使用者逝世之后，语言就会消失，而科学家们现在在用数字化保护这些语言，确保在语言使用者逝世后语言依然可以得到保护，故推测perish是“消失”的意思。故选B项。
21．D
22．B
23．A
24．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国研究人员用一种基因疗法治疗健康的小鼠，这种疗法可以使衰老的细胞恢复体力，使小鼠更年轻。文章介绍了这种基因疗法的作用和研究过程。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第一段话“Repeating the trick in humans is far from straightforward, but the findings will fuel interest in new therapiesthat aim to slow or reverse theageing process as a means of tackling age-related diseases such as cancers and Alzheimer’s.(在人类身上重复这一技巧远非易事，但这一发现将激发人们对旨在减缓或逆转衰老过程的新疗法的兴趣，作为治疗癌症和阿尔茨海默氏症等与年龄有关的疾病的一种手段。)”可知，这一研究发现引发了对减缓衰老新疗法的兴趣，也对治疗其他疾病有重大启发。故选D项。
22．细节理解题。根据文章第二段话“The scientists drew on previous work by the Japanese Nobel winner Prof Shinya Yamanaka, who showed that a mixture of four molecules(原子)—known as Yamanaka factors—can turn adult cells into youthful stem cells that are capable of forming almost any tissue (组织) in the body.(科学家们借鉴了日本诺贝尔奖得主Shinya Yamanaka教授之前的研究成果。Shinya Yamanaka教授展示了一种四种分子的混合物——即山中因子——可以将成年细胞转化为年轻的干细胞，这些干细胞几乎能够形成体内的任何组织。)”以及第三段话“found that mice who received Yamanaka factors for several months were similar to younger animals in many ways, with their skin in particular showing signs of rejuvenation(恢复青春).(研究发现，连续几个月接受山中因子治疗的小鼠在许多方面与年轻的小鼠相似，尤其是它们的皮肤显示出年轻化的迹象。)”可知，研究表明可以将小白鼠的皮肤变得更年轻化，故选B项。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第四段话“The experiments showed that rejuvenation was more effective when the therapy was given for a long time—7 to 10 months—starting when the animals were 12 to 15 months old, equal to age 35 to 50 in humans.(实验表明，当治疗时间较长（7到10个月）时，恢复活力更有效，从动物12到15个月大开始，相当于人类的35到50岁。)”可知，治疗时间越久，效果会更好。故选A项。
24．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段话“In theory, biological age reversal or reduction could be possible. However, we are at very early stages where we need to understand the basic science behind it much better,(从理论上讲，生物年龄逆转或缩短是可能的。然而，我们还处于非常早期的阶段，我们需要更好地理解它背后的基础科学，)”可知，我们现在的研究还处于初级阶段，还需要更多的深入研究和实践，故选A项。
25．A
26．C
27．B
28．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了荷兰一个城市将成为世界上第一个禁止在公共场所投放肉类广告的城市，以减少消费和温室气体排放。
25．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Advertisements will not be allowed on Haarlem’s buses, shelters and screens in public spaces, prompting complaints from the meat sector that the government is “going too far in telling people what’s best for them”.(哈勒姆的公共汽车、避难所和公共场所的屏幕上不允许出现广告，这引发了肉类行业的抱怨，称政府“在告诉人们什么对他们最好方面走得太远了”。)”可知，肉类行业反对这项禁令。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Recent studies suggest global food production is responsible for one-third of all planet-heating emissions, with the use of animals for meat accounting for twice the pollution of producing plant-based foods.(最近的研究表明，全球食品生产造成的温室气体排放量占全球温室气体排放量的三分之一，而使用动物肉类造成的污染是生产植物性食品造成的污染的两倍。)”可知，最近的研究表明肉类消费造成更多的污染。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“She told the Haarlem105 radio channel: “We are not about what people are baking and roasting in their own kitchen; if people want to continue eating meat, it’s fine. We can’t tell people there’s a climate crisis and meanwhile, encourage them to buy products that are part of the cause. Of course, there are a lot of people who find the decision shocking and unreasonable, but there are also a lot of people who think it’s fine.”(她告诉Haarlem105广播频道：“我们不关心人们在自己的厨房里烘焙什么;如果人们想继续吃肉，那也没关系。我们不能告诉人们有气候危机，同时鼓励他们购买造成气候危机的产品。当然，有很多人觉得这个决定令人震惊，不合理，但也有很多人认为这很好。”)”可知，Ziggy Klazes的话传达了她支持禁止肉类广告。故选B。
28．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A Dutch city will become the first in the world to ban meat advertisements from public spaces in an effort to reduce consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.(荷兰一个城市将成为世界上第一个禁止在公共场所投放肉类广告的城市，以减少消费和温室气体排放。)”可知，文章主要讲述了一个荷兰城市禁止在公共场所投放肉类广告。故选C。
29．C
30．B
31．A
32．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在做贝里克郡海洋保护区的看护员时欣赏当地的美景，并通过自己的公司帮助人们认识野生动物的故事，表达了他对贝里克郡的热爱之情。
29．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“I first came to Berwickshire for a job-to be the Ranger for the Berwickshire Marine Reserve.”（我第一次来到贝里克郡是为了一份工作——做贝里克郡海洋保护区的看护员。）可知，作者第一次去贝里克郡是为了做海洋保护区的看护员。故选C项。
30．词义猜测题。根据第二段第三句“ With its world-famous non-conformity(均变)，it’s considered the birthplace of modern geology. ”（由于其举世闻名的均变，它被认为是现代地质学的发源地。）可知， Siccar Point是现代地质学的发源地，推断出它的作用和地位是重要的也是最吸引人的，The jewel in the crown意为“皇冠上的宝石”，也是最吸引人的东西，符合句意。故选B项。
31．细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“In the darker months my online courses help people learn about wildlife in the hope that it will increase their enjoyment of the marine and coastal environments they spend time in.”（在黑暗的月份，我用线上课程帮助人们了解野生动物，希望这能增加他们对海洋和沿海环境的感受。）可知，作者是通过在线课程帮助人们认识野生动物。故选A项。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“There’s so much I love about Berwickshire.”（我爱贝克里郡的地方实在太多了。）可知作者热爱这个地方的一切，推断出他对于贝克里郡充满热情。故选D项。
33．C
34．D
35．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了加州乐高乐园的相关信息。
33．细节理解题。根据小标题Shows&Activities下的段落中“Download our mobile app for showtimes!(下载我们的手机应用程序以查看表演时间)”可知，参观者可以下载园区手机app了解表演的具体时间。故选C项。
34．细节理解题。根据小标题Tickets下的1-Day LEGOLAND部分“Adult(Ages 13+): $110 Child(Ages 3-12): $104(成人(13岁以上)：110美元儿童(3-12岁)：104美元)”可知，一对夫妇带着一个5岁的孩子去乐高乐园玩一天，他们的费用为：2x110+104=324美元。故选D项。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“All guests are required to review important health and safety information on this website before arriving.(所有客人在到达前都必须浏览本网站上的重要健康和安全信息)”可推知，本文是发布在网站上。故选B项。
36．C
37．B
38．C
39．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了几个人工智能虚拟人物，以及这项技术在各个领域的应用。
36．推理判断题。根据第一段中“…shows skills that are unmatched by her classmates in the real world. She can easily mix diversified musical genres, analyze complicated chords (和弦) and explore broader possibilities of making music great fun.(……她展示了现实世界中她的同学无法匹敌的技能。她可以轻松地混合不同的音乐类型，分析复杂的和弦，并探索使音乐变得有趣的更广泛的可能性)”可知，Luna非常智能。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Baidu launched a digital person called Xi Ling, who can provide a 24-hour tireless live streaming service.(百度推出了一个名为Xi Ling的数字人，可以提供24小时不知疲倦的直播服务)”以及“A large quantity of Chinese TV stations have jumped on the bandwagon (潮流) as well. Many digital hosts have appeared on the sereen. (大量的中国电视台也加入了这股潮流。荧屏上出现了许多数字主持人)”可知，虚拟人物被应用于网络和电视节目，故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“But such digital beings should be properly introduced into their areas, Lu added.(但是这些数字生物应该被恰当地引入他们的领域，Lu补充道)”可知，Lu Yanxia认为人工智能数字人物应该被适当地引入他们的领域，故选C。
39．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“Now, China is trying to deepen the integration of AI, virtual reality and 8K tech and expand their applications in social networking, shopping, entertainment and exhibitions.(现在，中国正试图深化人工智能、虚拟现实和8K技术的融合，并扩大它们在社交网络、购物、娱乐和展览方面的应用)”可知， 文章主要介绍了几个人工智能虚拟人物，以及这项技术在各个领域的应用，A项“人工智能虚拟人在中国风靡一时”适合作为文章标题。故选A。阅读理解
You probably like blue, and you’re not alone. Across the globe, a majority of people tend to select blue as their favourite colour. A new study from University of Wisconsin found that not only do we adore blue, but we start to give meaning to colours as we age.
During the study conducted by psychology professor Karen Schloss at the University of Wisconsin in 2019, the researchers investigated the science of how different people perceive colour. They noted that subjects with a preference for a sports team found their favourite team’s colours more favourable. The more they valued their team, the more they favoured the specific colour. “It tells us that our experiences with the world are constantly influencing the way we view colour,” Schloss says.
So, why does blue dominate lists of favourites From previous surveys the researchers found that blue has been a favourite colour. Even the earliest-recorded colour studies from the 1800s show that blue is universally loved, due at least in part to our fondness for blues in nature. Many colours in nature that we love are blue, especially a blue sky, the sea and many flowers. A blue sky is enough to make many people very happy. It’s possible then, that blue offer plenty of positive experiences, which we unconsciously link to our favourite colour.
But blue isn’t the only attention-grabbing colour. The other finding of the research was that our colour interests change as we gain new experiences. The younger you are, for instance, the more likely you are to enjoy a brighter colour. As you age, you’re more likely to take on darker colours as your favourites; younger women, according to the researchers, tend to enjoy purples and reds, while younger men may lean toward green or yellow-green. The studies showed that dark yellowish-brown was the world’s least liked colour.
Simply put, the things we enjoy most in our lives will drive our colour preferences.
1．What does the underlined word “It” refer to in paragraph 2
A．The specific sports team. B．A subject’s personality.
C．People’s preference of a colour. D．The feature of colours.
2．What do the early colour studies tell us
A．Human beings are fully linked to nature.
B．Our preference for blue is longstanding.
C．It’s a coincidence that blue is our favourite.
D．Blue is associated to the sky and the sea.
3．What was the second finding of the research
A．Our colour preferences may shift over time.
B．We may prefer brighter colours as we age.
C．We tend to stick with just one colour in our lives.
D．Blue is a top choice for favourite colour in the world.
4．What can be concluded from the text
A．Older people can understand the colours better.
B．More mysteries remain to be seen about colour.
C．Colour preferences change our view of the world.
D．Colour preferences are shaped by our experiences.
Small-scale fisheries supply many people with food. Almost all of those in this trade rely on gillnets (刺网) to trap fish. But gillnets trap other things, for example, endangered animals such as turtles; dangerous ones, such as Humboldt squid; and ones that are both endangered and dangerous, such as several types of sharks. Everyone involved would be better off if this did not happen.
Building on studies done both by himself and by others, to try to avoid the accidental netting of turtles, Jesse Senko, a marine-conservation biologist at Arizona State University, has been investigating the idea of fitting LEDs (发光二极管) to nets to avoid netting other unwanted by-catch without discouraging target animals. And, as he reports in Current Biology, it seems to work.
Dr.Senko and his colleagues set up an experiment in the Gulf of Ulloa, in Mexico, in which they cooperated with local fisher folks to employ over 10,000 meters of nets that had had nets battery-powered waterproof green LEDs fitted onto them every ten meters. In half of the these lights were lit. The other half were left unlit, as controls. Each lit net was paired with an unlit one, and the two were employed alongside one another at prime fishing locations. The fishers’ target fish were large groupers. Dr. Senko was interested both in what else got caught and whether the lights decreased catches of the target species.
On the latter point, to his relief, they did not. On the former, the lit nets caught 95% fewer kilograms of shark-related species. In particular, several threatened species turned up less often in the lit than the unlit nets.
The advantage from the point of view of fisher folks was that they needed to spend a lot less time clearing these dangerous by-catches from their nets. And, crucially, the LEDs concerned are cheap, hard-wearing, and easy to fit. There are also plans to make them solar powered, for easy recharging. Here, then, is a conservation idea from which everyone wins.
5．What is the problem with gillnets
A．They are costly to maintain. B．They discourage target catches.
C．They need more time to be cleaned. D．They trap unwanted by-catches.
6．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．The principle of the experiment. B．The effect of the experiment.
C．The purpose of the experiment. D．The process of the experiment.
7．What can be inferred from Dr. Senko’s experiment
A．The LEDs are easy to recharge. B．Gillnets will soon be out of date.
C．Fitting LEDs to gillnets is a win-win idea. D．Fisher folks benefit the most from the idea.
8．What was the author s attitude to the prospect of the LEDs idea
A．Reserved. B．Hopeful. C．Ambiguous. D．Doubtful.
Standing in the starlight under the Milky Way, the night sky is one of the most incredible wonders many of us have not seen which is under threat due to the constant march of human progress and consequent light pollution.
Below are some of my favorite dark sky destinations around the world.
■Aoraki Mackenzie Dark Sky Reserve, New Zealand
Aoraki Mackenzie Dark Sky Reserve is one of the best places in the country to view the night sky. Comprised of Aoraki/Mt Cook National Park Visitor Centre and the Mackenzie Basin, the Dark Sky Reserve was certified in 2012 to continue protecting the dark skies in the area.
Stargazing (观星) enthusiasts should plan a visit to Mr.John Observatory, tours to which must be booked in advance.
■The Wild Atlantic Way, Ireland
Most visitors road-trip Ireland s western Wild Atlantic Way to explore beyond hot spots like Dublin and Cork, but the route is also fast becoming a great region for stargazing, thanks to the efforts of local communities along the Way.
If planning a trip, keep in mind that Ireland does have wet months where overcast skies are more likely to affect your stargazing prospects.
■Wadi Rum, Jordan
Wadi Rum is also sometimes called the “Valley of the Moon,” though you’re more likely to compare it to Mars if you visit. Made famous for its otherworldly landscapes in movies like Prometheus, Star Wars, Rogue One and The Martian, Wadi Rum’s towering red rock formations are extremely interesting to explore by day-and offer protection from any distant light pollution once the sun sets.
Stargazing in Wadi Rum is a breathtaking experience, and reminds us how our ancestors experienced the night sky for thousands of years.
9．What might be a disadvantage of stargazing in Ireland
A．Conservation efforts. B．Heavy tourism.
C．Customer service. D．Local climate.
10．What sets Wadi Rum apart from other dark sky destinations
A．Unusual landscapes. B．Ancestors experiences.
C．Its geographical location. D．Its local film studios.
11．What is the purpose of the text
A．To compare. B．To inform.
C．To warn. D．To announce.
When I was a kid, if someone told me that I would grow up to become a published author and founder of a youth literacy (读写能力)foundation, I would have laughed and kept walking. Even now when I see the title of my latest picture book, My Very Favorite Book in the Whole Wide World, I shake my head, not quite believing that book has my name on it. But the truth is, this story comes from my own personal experience.
It took me a very long time to find my personal reading voice. In Valdosta, Ga., where I grew up, my community promoted two pathways to a better life for little boys like me: being an athlete and being an entertainer. I was no different than the other kids, so I did what felt natural: Play football and overlook school. School presented challenges every day and so did football practice, but overcoming physical adversity (逆境) was on trend with my neighborhood’s culture. Reading books not so much.
Fortunately, I went to college. That’s where my reading struggles really reared their ugly head. Trips to the grocery store were stressful because there was so much reading involved in the simple act of buying food. I would misread labels and grab the wrong items. Once, I picked up apple sauce thinking it was apple slices. I didn’t notice my mistake until I got home and realized that it was my inability to understand the differences in the wording on the labels that caused the mistake. I realized that I needed to make an important decision. If I wanted to be a better version of me, I had to become a stronger reader.
I joined a book club and read every free moment I had. My journey with reading also created a desire in me to inspire others who struggle with reading. So I started a nonprofit, Share the Magic Foundation, trying to transform the lives of children living in underserved communities through literacy.
12．What does the author think of his new book
A．It’s beyond his expectation. B．It’s helpful for youth literacy.
C．It s full of humor and wisdom. D．It’s an exact record of his early life.
13．What was the root reason for the author s failure to find his reading voice
A．The influence of his community. B．His dream to be an entertainer.
C．The challenges he met in study. D．His preference for football.
14．What does the underlined phrase “reared their ugly head“ in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Changed. B．Concluded. C．Surfaced. D．Disappeared.
15．Which of the following best describes the author
A．Reflective and warm-hearted. B．Persuasive and absent-minded.
C．Creative and stubborn. D．Ambitious and cautious.
Have you ever suddenly developed an appetite from a passing glance at a freeway billboard featuring a brightly colored cheeseburger, or decided to step into a candy or ice cream store displaying a window full of lively shades and hues (色调)of sweet treats If so, you are in good company. Unless we are medically restricted or strictly dieting, we are not likely to resist inviting fare simply because we recognize the lack of nutritional value.
Devina Wadhera and Elizabeth D．Capaldi-Phillips in A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food recognize the impact of sensory cues (信号)on food consumption and enjoyment, and the potential they have to promote healthy eating behavior. They cite previous research in providing some interesting examples of the visual impact of different color schemes (方案)on taste and food enjoyment. They note that pink food on a white plate was considered sweeter and more flavorful than the same food on a black plate. Apparently, we consume with more of our senses than we realize. So given the rainbow of colors around us when faced with so many appealing food choices, is there any way to control our appetite Thankfully, some research says yes.
Oliver Genschow demonstrated that when it comes to eating less colors impact consumption. They specifically researched the effect of the color red. They found that people ate fewer pretzels when using a red plate, as opposed to white or blue, and drank less from a red cup than a blue cup. They suggest that the color red reduces food and drink intake by functioning as a stop signal.
But when it comes to healthy eating, instead of putting on a pair of sunglasses to block the inviting hues of food cues, consider the value of discipline. Healthy eating involves intentional choices, not mindless responses to sensory cues. And before you invest in many red tableware to slim down, remember that what goes onto those plates is much more important.
16．What may be a major reason for us to refuse eye-catching food
A．The shortage of nutrition. B．The rich color of fine foods.
C．The doctor’s instructions. D．Advertisements everywhere.
17．What might be dealt with in A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food
A．Benefits of different color schemes.
B．Interesting examples of food service.
C．Potentials to promote food consumption.
D．Effects of sensory cues on eating behavior.
18．What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph
A．Follow the sensory response. B．Make food choices sensibly.
C．Wear sunglasses to block colors. D．Avoid colorful food intentionally.
19．What is the best title for the text
A．How People can Control Their Appetite.
B．How People are Tricked by Color Schemes.
C．How Colors Impact Food Appeal and Appetite.
D．How Bright Colors Make Food More Appealing.
For most people, having property stolen feels like a disaster. Robbie Pruitt admits when his mountain bike was stolen last September, he got mad. But soon enough, his emotions took a turn. After letting go of his anger, he found himself on a road to compassion instead.
As a biker, Pruitt’s first priority was to buy one again, but when he went bike shopping, he found the pickings slim. The scarcity in stock got him thinking: What if the person who’d taken his had done so because he truly needed transportation to get to work
With that thought in mind, Pruitt came up with a plan and posted it to a local Facebook group. Pruitt put out a call for bikes people don’t use, which he would repair again for free and then donate to folks who could truly use them but didn’t have the budget to buy a bike outright.
The day the post went live, Pruitt was excited about a list of 30 used bicycles. The initial influx(涌入) was followed by more than 500 posts from people who either had bikes to donate or that needed fixing soon after. By the end of the month, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 bikes for donation.
In addition to practical skills, Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-esteem, and foster feelings of community. “Pruitt is certainly providing a service, but it’s not the bikes. It’s the relationships in the community. It’s the impact he made on people. All the neighborhood kids are spending a lot more time doing something that’s hands-on,” Pruitt’s next-door neighbor Danny told The Washington Post.
20．How did he feel after he went to the bikeshop
A．He was angry at the theft. B．He became eager to a new bike.
C．He would rather find his old bike. D．He became in sympathy with the thief.
21．What does the underlined word “scarcity” in Para. 2 probably mean
A．Variety. B．Shortage. C．Abundance. D．Security.
22．Why did Pruitt post on Facebook
A．To find his lost bike. B．To collect unemployed bikes.
C．To raise some money for charity. D．To advertise his bike repair shop.
23．Which of the following best describes Robbie Pruitt
A．Caring and inspiring. B．Considerate and loyal.
C．Outgoing and brave. D．Responsible and humorous.
Housing ranks high among the numerous challenges that still need to be overcome before humans can colonize(征服) Mars. The brave pioneers that make the six-month voyage to the Red Planet will need a place to live in as soon as they land. While the best solution would be to have the structures ready before they get there, it has so far been a challenge given that most construction robots have never made it out of the laboratory. Now, there may be a bit of hope thanks to Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s newly revealed Digital Construction Platform (DCP).
The DCP comprises a double arm system that is fitted on a tracked vehicle. As the larger arm moves, the smaller, precision motor robotic arm builds the structure by shooting out the necessary construction material, ranging from insulation foam(绝缘泡沫) to concrete. The team of researchers led by Ph. D．Steven Keating say that unlike other 3-D printers that are limited to building objects that fit within their overall enclosure, DCP’s free moving systems can be used to construct structures of any size.
The team recently demonstrated the DCP’s building skills on an empty field in Mountain View, CA．The robot began by creating a mold with expanding foam that hardens when dry. It then constructed the building, layer by layer, using sensors to raise itself higher as it progressed. The final product was a sturdy “home” that had 50-foot diameter walls and a 12-foot high roof with room for essentials like electricity wires and water pipes to be inserted inside. Even more impressive It took a mere 14 hours to “print”!
The researchers’ next plan is to make the DCP smart enough to analyze the environment where the structure is going to be built and determine the material densities best suited for the area. However, that’s not even the best part. Future DCP models are going to be solar-powered, autonomous, and, most importantly, capable of sourcing construction components from its surroundings. This means the robot can be sent to remote, disaster-stricken areas, and perhaps even to Mars, to build shelters using whatever material is available.
24．What do we learn from the first paragraph
A．Housing pioneers on Mars is a reality.
B．Colonizing Mars is out of the question.
C．Building structures on Mars is in the testing phases.
D．Finding a liveable place on Mars is a top priority.
25．How does the DCP differ from other 3-D printers
A．It consumes less time.
B．It comes in more different sizes.
C．It is more environmentally friendly.
D．It can build more diverse structures.
26．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A．The successful case of the DCP. B．The working principle of the DCP.
C．The instructions of using the DCP. D．The limitation of the DCP’s function.
27．What might be the biggest highlight of future DCP
A．Being powered by solar.
B．Building shelters anywhere.
C．Collecting building materials on site.
D．Analyzing building material densities.
The icy waters surrounding Antarctica have long been called the Southern Ocean by scientists. However, it never received the official recognition it deserved—until now. On World Oceans Day, the National Geographic Society announced that from now on, there would be five oceans: the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, and Southern Ocean.
National Geographic’s map policy committee had been considering making the change for many years. However, it is on June 8, 2021 that it recognized the Southern Ocean as the world’s fifth ocean. “Our maps are updated. The Southern Ocean is treated the same as the traditional four, and the next quiz question about the number of oceans has an updated official answer from National Geographic—five!” the Society officials declared on Twitter.
The new ocean will include most of the waters around Antarctica out to 60 degrees south latitude(纬度), except the Drake Passage and the Scotia Sea. Unlike the other oceans, which are divided by the surrounding continents, the extent of the Southern Ocean is determined by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC)—the Earth’s longest and strongest oceanic current.
The ACC was set 34 million years ago when Antarctica broke off from South America, enabling the water to freely flow around Earth’s southernmost tip. Its water is colder and less salty than the ocean waters to the north and provides a unique habitat for thousands of species, including whales, penguins, and seals.
Alex Tait, a National Geographic Society geographer, says that the change reflects the Society’s desire to draw public attention to protecting the Southern Ocean’s unique marine ecosystem. Tait says the change will have a good impact on how children using maps in school to see the world. “Students acquire information about the ocean world through textbooks, maps as well as newspapers. So it is necessary for them to learn there is the fifth ocean around Antarctica.” he says.
28．Why did the Society officials say the map was updated again
A．A new land was discovered.
B．A fifth ocean was officially recognized.
C．A new body of water appeared in the world.
D．The movement of the underwater updated the map.
29．How is the Southern Ocean divided
A．By surrounding continents. B．By a unique oceanic current.
C．By the 60 degrees south latitude. D．By the habitat for unique species.
30．What is Alex Tait’s attitude to the official recognition of Southern Ocean
A．Conservative. B．Skeptical.
C．Objective. D．Favorable.
31．What might be the best title for the passage
A．Earth Now Officially Has Five Oceans
B．The Ice in Antarctica Is Melting Rapidly
C．Action Should Be Taken to Protect Oceans
D．The World Map Needs Updating All the Time
Germany may be famous for its history and culture, and it also houses some of Europe’s most wild and wonderful scenery. Here are four parks worth visiting.
Berchtesgaden Nature Park
Berchtesgaden is one of Germany’s oldest and most beautiful conservation areas. Trails go in and out of the forest, leading you along the banks of glassy lakes. The more adventurous visitors may choose paragliding (滑翔伞运动). Back on the ground, a network of more than 150 miles of walking trails goes through the forest.
Jasmund Nature Park
It lies on the west coast of the offshore island of Rügen. This protected site is the smallest of Germany’s national park. It is here that painter Caspar David Friedrich found himself inspired to create one of his masterpieces, Chalk Cliffs on Rügen, in 1818. Here long trails can take you all the way to the Rügen coastline, where white-sand beaches and blue waters wait for you.
The Bliesgau Biosphere
This place is home to almost half of all German flower species. The grasslands spread for miles, drawing different butterflies. Thanks to its comfortable climate, this is an area of sustainable development. In fact, this park is an example of farming done right and offers a wealth of agricultural know-how to anyone eager to learn.
Southern Black Forest Nature Park
The highland areas, with views over Switzerland and France, are a good place for food-lovers. Activities in the park range from hiking and fishing to mountain biking, while the slower travelers will enjoy the trails for an escape from everyday life.
32．Which park would you prefer if you want to hike on the beach
A．Jasmund Nature Park. B．The Bliesgau Biosphere.
C．Berchtesgaden Nature Park. D．Southern Black Forest Nature Park.
33．What is special about Southern Black Forest Nature Park
A．It is an example of farming done right.
B．It is a park with a view of three countries.
C．It is Germany’s oldest conservation area.
D．It is the smallest of Germany’s National Park.
34．What does the passage probably come from
A．A story book. B．A health survey.
C．A sports magazine. D．A travel advertisement.
Fashion designers are always looking for new materials to work with. Lately, it’s all about environment-friendly materials -- recycled tires, mushrooms, even pineapple fibers! What if you want such a pair of shoes Thaely is here to help.
This sneaker brand out of Dubai wants to fight the growing problem of plastic pollution. Led by 23-year-old Indian businessman Ashay Bhave, they may have found a winning approach: making shoes out of plastic grocery bags. “Thaely” means “plastic bag” in the Hindi language.
“I was looking to create footwear that is cost-effective and safe for the environment,” Bhave said in an interview with a newspaper. “I needed to come up with something that uses recycled plastic without creating any more plastic waste. ”Plastic bags were the perfect solution. He said five trillion plastic bags are used around the world each year. “I was motivated to find a solution to this problem,” Bhave said.
That solution was the fiber called ThaelyTex. Made entirely from plastic bags, the material looks and feels like leather. That sounds promising. Better yet, the production process requires no additional chemicals and produces no poisonous by-products. The result is a smart-looking pair of white low-top sneakers.
Bhave wouldn’t expose the full process for making ThaelyTex, but he said that each pair of shoes was made from up to 15 plastic bags and 22 plastic bottles. Where do they get the materials Bhave told Elle that was the hardest part. “The biggest challenge we faced was right at the first step of acquiring the plastic bags. ”
Finally, they got help from TrioTap Technologies, a waste management plant. Bhave said they offered to collect the bags and also process them into ThaelyTex.
So far, it seems like things are falling into place. There are already hundreds of pre-orders in place. It sounds like they have some plans for the future. “We have a few more colors coming up,” said Bhave. They also plan to put out a high-top model and bring in a line of clothing. Let’s hope their growth is also friendly to the environment.
35．Why did Bhave choose to make shoes out of plastic bags
A．To set a new footwear trend.
B．To test new materials for footwear.
C．To reduce the use of plastic bags in his home country.
D．To use recycled plastic in an environment-friendly way.
36．What was the most difficult task for Bhave
A．Having a few more colors for Thaely. B．Processing plastic bags into ThaelyTex.
C．Collecting enough production materials D．Dealing with many poisonous by-products
37．The underlined part“put out”in the last paragraph probably means__________.
A．produce B．conserve
C．provide D．broadcast
38．What can be the best title for this passage
A．Bhave: a promising young man
B．Thaely: killer of waste plastic bags
C．ThaelyTex: material out of plastic bags
D．TrioTap Technologies: a waste management plant
参考答案
1．C
2．B
3．A
4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究发现，人们对颜色的偏爱随时间而变化，并且与我们的经历相关。
1．词义猜测题。根据第二段“During the study conducted by psychology professor Karen Schloss at the University of Wisconsin in 2019, the researchers investigated the science of how different people perceive colour. They noted that subjects with a preference for a sports team found their favourite team’s colours more favourable. The more they valued their team, the more they favoured the specific colour. (威斯康星大学心理学教授凯伦·施洛斯2019年进行的一项研究中，研究人员调查了不同人如何感知颜色的科学。他们注意到，对运动队有偏好的受试者发现他们最喜欢的运动队的颜色更受欢迎。他们越看重自己的团队，就越喜欢特定的颜色。)”可知，研究人员对不同的人如何感知颜色进行了科学调查。画线单词所在句陈述结论“It tells us that our experiences with the world are constantly influencing the way we view colour(它告诉我们，我们与世界的经历不断地影响着我们看待颜色的方式)”可知，这里的it代指“人们对颜色的偏好度”。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段“From previous surveys the researchers found that blue has been a favourite colour. Even the earliest-recorded colour studies from the 1800s show that blue is universally loved, due at least in part to our fondness for blues in nature. (从之前的调查中，研究人员发现蓝色一直是人们最喜欢的颜色。即使是19世纪最早记录的色彩研究也表明，蓝色受到普遍喜爱，至少部分原因是我们喜欢大自然中的蓝色。)”并结合前文可知，之前的调查中，研究人员发现蓝色一直是人们最喜欢的颜色。由此推断，从早期的颜色研究中我们可以发现：我们对蓝色的偏爱由来已久。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“The other finding of the research was that our colour interests change as we gain new experiences. The younger you are, for instance, the more likely you are to enjoy a brighter colour. As you age, you’re more likely to take on darker colours as your favourites (该研究的另一个发现是，当我们获得新的经验时，我们对颜色的兴趣也会发生变化。例如，你越年轻，你就越有可能喜欢鲜艳的颜色。随着年龄的增长，你更有可能选择深色作为自己的最爱)”可知，这项研究的第二个发现是我们对颜色的偏好可能会随着时间的推移而改变。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Simply put, the things we enjoy most in our lives will drive our colour preferences. (简单地说，我们生活中最喜欢的东西会影响我们对颜色的偏好。)”可推断，我们对颜色的偏爱是由我们的经历体验决定的。故选D。
5．D
6．D
7．C
8．B
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了刺网面临的问题，以及Senko博士为缓解这一问题而在刺网中安装LED灯的创意措施。这一措施得到了较好的效果，未来会有不错的发展前景。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段“But gillnets trap other things, for example, endangered animals such as turtles; dangerous ones, such as Humboldt squid; and ones that are both endangered and dangerous, such as several types of sharks.(但是刺网也会捕获其他东西，例如，濒危动物，如海龟；危险的动物，如洪堡乌贼；还有那些既濒危又危险的鲨鱼，比如几种鲨鱼。)”可知,刺网的问题是常常打捞上来我们并不想要的东西，比如濒危物种和危险动物。故选D。
6．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Dr.Senko and his colleagues set up an experiment in the Gulf of Ulloa, in Mexico, in which they cooperated with local fisher folks to employ over 10,000 meters of nets that had had nets battery-powered waterproof green LEDs fitted onto them every ten meters. In half of the these lights were lit. The other half were left unlit, as controls. Each lit net was paired with an unlit one, and the two were employed alongside one another at prime fishing locations. The fishers’ target fish were large groupers. Dr. Senko was interested both in what else got caught and whether the lights decreased catches of the target species.(森科博士和他的同事们在墨西哥乌洛亚湾进行了一项实验，他们与当地渔民合作，使用了超过10000米长的渔网，这些渔网上每隔10米就安装有电池供电的防水绿色LED灯。其中一半的灯是亮着的，另一半是不亮的作为对照。每一张亮着的渔网都与另一张不亮着的渔网配对，这两张渔网在主要的捕鱼地点一起使用。渔民的目标鱼是大型石斑鱼。森科博士感兴趣的是还捕获了什么，以及灯光是否减少了目标物种的捕获。)”可知，本段详细阐述了博士进行实验的整个操作过程，细节十分丰富。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“On the latter point, to his relief, they did not. On the former, the lit nets caught 95% fewer kilograms of shark-related species. In particular, several threatened species turned up less often in the lit than the unlit nets.(在后一点上，使他松了一口气的是，他们并没有做。在前者中，照明网捕获的与鲨鱼相关的物种的公斤数减少了95%。特别是，一些受威胁的物种在没有光照的网中出现的次数少。)”可知，安装LED灯后，非相关物种的被捕量明显得到了减少。根据最后一段的“The advantage from the point of view of fisher folks was that they needed to spend a lot less time clearing these dangerous by-catches from their nets. And, crucially, the LEDs concerned are cheap, hard-wearing, and easy to fit. (从渔民的角度来看，这样做的好处是他们需要花更少的时间从渔网中清除这些危险的副渔获物。而且，最关键的是，相关的LED便宜，耐用，易于安装。)”可知，LED灯带来的效率不仅能为渔民节省大量时间，并且亦十分经济实惠。综合可知，在刺网中装上LED灯的做法达到了双赢。故选C。
8．推理判断题。 根据最后一段作者的结语“Here, then, is a conservation idea from which everyone wins.(因此，这是一个皆大欢喜的环保理念。)”可推知，作者对其效果及未来发展持积极乐观的态度。故选B。
9．D
10．A
11．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，作者介绍了三个他最喜欢的观星目的地。
9．推理判断题。由题目“Ireland”可以定位到文章第二个小标题下的“If planning a trip, keep in mind that Ireland does have wet months where overcast skies are more likely to affect your stargazing prospects.(如果计划一次旅行，请记住爱尔兰确实有多雨的月份，阴天更可能影响你的观星。)”可知，在爱尔兰观星的缺点就是当地的天气可能影响观星，故选D。
10．细节理解题。由题目“Wadi Rum”定位到文章最后一个小标题，根据该段第二句“Made famous for its otherworldly landscapes in movies like Prometheus, Star Wars, Rogue One and The Martian, Wadi Rum’s towering red rock formations are extremely interesting to explore by day-and offer protection from any distant light pollution once the sun sets.(在电影《普罗米修斯》、《星球大战》、《侠盗一号》和《火星救援》中，它以超凡脱世的风景而闻名。瓦迪鲁姆高耸的红色岩层在白天是非常有趣的探索，而且在太阳落山后，它可以保护你免受任何遥远的光污染)”可知，Wadi Rum因其在众多电影中的超凡景观而闻名，与众不同，故选A。
11．推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第二段“Below are some of my favorite dark sky destinations around the world.(下面是我最喜欢的世界各地的黑暗天空目的地)”可知，作者介绍了三个他最喜欢的观星目的地，所以文章目的是告知，故选B。
12．A
13．A
14．C
15．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了原本不重视阅读的作者通过努力克服自身的阅读障碍，最终成功出版书籍、成立非营利性组织帮助他人的故事。
【详解】 1.推理判断题。由文章第一段“When I was a kid, if someone told me that I would grow up to become a published author and founder of a youth literacy (读写能力)foundation, I would have laughed and kept walking.Even now when I see the title of my latest picture book, My Very Favorite Book in the Whole Wide World, I shake my head, not quite believing that book has my name on it. (当我还是个孩子的时候，如果有人告诉我，我长大后会成为一名出版作家和一个青年识字基金会的创始人，我会笑，继续走路。即使现在，当我看到我最新图画书的标题，My Very Favorite Book in the Whole Wide World，我摇摇头，不太相信那本书上有我的名字。)”可知，作者假设还小的时候有人跟他说以后他能成为出版商和创始人，他会一笑了之，即使现在看到自己的书，也不相信是书上有他自己的名字，可以推断出作者认为他的新书超出了他的预期，故选A。
2.细节理解题。由文章第二段“In Valdosta, Ga., where I grew up, my community promoted two pathways to a better life for little boys like me: being an athlete and being an entertainer. I was no different than the other kids, so I did what felt natural: Play football and overlook school. School presented challenges every day and so did football practice, but overcoming physical adversity (逆境) was on trend with my neighborhood’s culture. Reading books not so much.(在佐治亚州的瓦尔多斯塔,在我长大的地方，我的社区为像我这样的小男孩开辟了两条走向更好生活的道路：成为一名运动员或一名艺人。我和其他孩子没有什么不同，所以我做了一件感觉很自然的事情：踢足球，忽略上学。学习每天都有挑战，足球练习也有挑战，但克服身体逆境是我的社区文化的趋势。读书不用太多。)”可知，在作者所在的那个社区像作者这样的小男孩被固定了两条通往更美好生活的道路——成为运动员或艺人，作者觉得这很自然，这是作者社区文化的趋势，读书不多，所以作者未能找到自己读书的声音的根本原因是社区对他的影响，而C项只是表面的一个挑战，故选A。
3.词句猜测题。由下文“Trips to the grocery store were stressful because there was so much reading involved in the simple act of buying food. I would misread labels and grab the wrong items. Once, I picked up apple sauce thinking it was apple slices. I didn’t notice my mistake until I got home and realized that it was my inability to understand the differences in the wording on the labels that caused the mistake. I realized that I needed to make an important decision. If I wanted to be a better version of me, I had to become a stronger reader.(去杂货店的旅行很紧张，因为购买食物的简单行为涉及到太多的阅读。我会误读标签，拿走错误的东西。有一次，我拿起了苹果酱，以为那是苹果片。我没有注意到我的错误，直到我回家后才意识到是我无法理解标签上措辞的不同，才导致了这个错误。我意识到我需要做出一个重要的决定。如果我想成为一个更好的自己，我就必须成为一个更强大的读者。)”可知，作者在读大学时候由于阅读障碍认错、买错了许多东西，所以他决定努力阅读，上文写他所在的社区读书不多，所以这一句“ That’s where my reading struggles really reared their ugly head.”是承接句，故这句话的意思应该是那就是我阅读争斗都展现出来了的地方，结合“head”可以推断出划线处的意思为“浮出水面”，故选C。
4.推理判断题。由文章最后一段“I joined a book club and read every free moment I had. My journey with reading also created a desire in me to inspire others who struggle with reading. So I started a nonprofit, Share the Magic Foundation, trying to transform the lives of children living in underserved communities through literacy.(我加入了一个读书俱乐部，在我拥有的每一个自由时间阅读。我的阅读之旅也让我产生了一种欲望，去激励那些努力阅读的人。所以我创办了一个非营利组织，Share the Magic Foundation，试图通过识字来改变生活在服务不足社区的儿童的生活。)”可知，作者希望激励那些在阅读中挣扎的人，所以成立一个非营利组织，努力通过扫盲改变生活在服务不足社区的儿童的生活，作者这么做是由于自己的经历想帮助更多像他一样的儿童，可以推断出作者是热心的，而且这也是深思后做的决定，故选A。
16．C
17．D
18．B
19．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。通过生动的阐述与举例，向我们分析了食物的色彩对人们进食时的食欲与胃口有着怎样的影响，以及不同色彩间的差异。最后，作者向读者提出了一定的科学建议。
16．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Unless we are medically restricted or strictly dieting, we are not likely to resist inviting fare simply because we recognize the lack of nutritional value.(除非我们受到医学限制或严格节食，否则我们不太可能仅仅因为认识到食物缺乏营养价值而拒绝品尝食物)”并结合选项推知，医生的指导是影响我们是否摄入这些色彩艳丽食物的主要原因。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Devina Wadhera and Elizabeth D.Capaldi-Phillips in A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food recognize the impact of sensory cues (信号)on food consumption and enjoyment, and the potential they have to promote healthy eating behavior. They cite previous research in providing some interesting examples of the visual impact of different color schemes (方案)on taste and food enjoyment. (Devina wadandra和Elizabeth D.Capaldi-Phillips在《与食物相关的视觉线索综述》中认识到感官线索对食物消费和享受的影响，以及它们促进健康饮食行为的潜力。他们引用了以前的研究，提供了一些有趣的例子，说明不同配色方案对味觉和食物享受的视觉影响)”可知，A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food探讨了感官信号会对人们的进食行为产生怎样的影响。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“But when it comes to healthy eating, instead of putting on a pair of sunglasses to block the inviting hues of food cues, consider the value of discipline. Healthy eating involves intentional choices, not mindless responses to sensory cues. (但说到健康饮食，与其戴上一副太阳镜来阻挡诱人的食物颜色，不如考虑一下自律的价值。健康饮食包括有意的选择，而不是对感官线索的盲目反应)”可知，在选择健康的饮食上个人自主能动性是很重要的，要做出有意义的选择。故选B。
19．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要分析食物的色彩对于人们进食食欲的影响。通过科学实验与理论完成分析与阐释。故C项“颜色如何影响食物的吸引力和食欲”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。
20．D
21．B
22．B
23．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了罗比·普鲁伊特的自行车被盗后，他没有恼火和生气，反而收集闲置的自行车去修理，然后送给那些需要的人的故事。
20．推理判断题。根据第一段的“After letting go of his anger, he found himself on a road to compassion instead.(在放下愤怒之后，他发现自己走上了同情之路。)”可知，他去了商店以后，开始同情偷自行车的人。故选D项。
21．词义猜测题。根据划线词前一句“but when he went bike shopping, he found the pickings slim.(但当他去买自行车时，他发现买的东西很少。)”可知，此处是说自行车的库存短缺。A. Variety.多样性；B. Shortage.短缺；C. Abundance.充裕；D. Security.安全。故选B项。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Pruitt put out a call for bikes people don’t use,(普鲁伊特呼吁收集人们用过的自行车，)”可知，他发帖子目的是收集人们闲置的自行车。故选B项。
23．推理判断题。根据第三段的“he would repair—again for free—and then donate to folks who could truly use them...(他会再次免费修复，然后捐赠给真正能使用它们的人……)”可知，他是很有爱心的；又根据最后一段“It’s the impact he made on people. All the neighborhood kids are spending a lot more time doing something that’s hands-on,(这是他能对人们产生的影响。所有邻居的孩子都花了更多的时间做一些亲身实践的事情，)”可知，他激励了很多人去做一些力所能及的事情。故选A项。
24．C
25．D
26．A
27．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了麻省理工学院(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)最新公布的数字建设平台(DCP)将如何解决在火星上建房子的问题的。
24．推理判断题。第一段的“While the best solution would be to have the structures ready before they get there, it has so far been a challenge given that most construction robots have never made it out of the laboratory.(虽然最好的解决方案是在结构物到达之前做好准备，但鉴于大多数建筑机器人从未走出实验室，这一直是一个挑战)”推知，在火星上建造建筑物正处于测试阶段。故选C项。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段的“...unlike other 3—D printers that are limited to building objects that fit within their overall enclosure, DCP’s free moving system can be used to construct structures of any size.(……与其他仅限于构建适合其整体外壳的物体的3D打印机不同，DCP的自由移动系统可用于构建任何尺寸的结构)”可知，与其他3D打印不同，它可以建造更多样化的房屋。故选D项。
26．主旨大意题。根据第三段的“The team recently demonstrated the DCP’s building skills on an empty field in Mountain View, CA.(该团队最近在加利福尼亚州山景城的一块空地上展示了DCP的建筑技能)”可知，本段主要介绍了DCP的成功案例。故选A项。
27．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“most importantly, capable of sourcing construction components from its surroundings. This means the robot can be sent to remote, disaster-stricken areas, and perhaps even to Mars, to build shelters using whatever material is available.(最重要的是，能够从周边采购建筑构件。这意味着机器人可以被送到偏远的灾区，甚至火星，用任何可用的材料建造居所)”可知，未来DCP的最大亮点是可以现场收集建筑材料。故选C项。
28．B
29．B
30．D
31．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了南大洋作为世界第五大洋得到官方的认可。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段第二三句“However, it is on June 8, 2021 that it recognized the Southern Ocean as the world’s fifth ocean. Our maps are updated. (但直到2021年6月8日，它才承认南大洋为世界第五大洋。我们的地图更新了)”可知，因为官方认可了世界第五大洋——南大洋，所以协会官员说地图已经更新。故选B项。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Unlike the other oceans, which are divided by the surrounding continents, the extent of the Southern Ocean is determined by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC)—the Earth’s longest and strongest oceanic current. (与被周围大陆划分的其他海洋不同，南大洋的范围是由南极环极流(ACC)决定的，这是地球上最长、最强的洋流)”可知，南大洋是由一股独特的洋流——南极环极流(ACC)决定的。故选B项。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Tait says the change will have an impact on how children using maps in school learn to see the world. (Tait说，这一变化将对孩子们在学校使用地图学习看世界的方式产生影响)”和最后一句“So it is necessary for them to learn there is the fifth ocean around Antarctica. (所以他们有必要知道南极洲周围有第五大洋)”可知，Alex Tait对于南大洋得到官方认可持支持态度。故选D项。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“On World Oceans Day, the National Geographic Society announced that from now on, there would be five oceans: the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, and Southern Ocean. (在世界海洋日，国家地理学会宣布，从现在起，将有五个大洋：大西洋、太平洋、印度洋、北极和南大洋)”以及第二段第二三句的“it is on June 8, 2021 that it recognized the Southern Ocean as the world’s fifth ocean. Our maps are updated. (直到2021年6月8日，它才承认南大洋为世界第五大洋。我们的地图更新了)”可知，主要介绍了南大洋得到官方的认可。故A项“地球现在正式拥有五大洋”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A项。
32．A
33．B
34．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了德国四个值得参观的国家公园。
32．细节理解题。根据Jasmund nature park部分中的“Here long trails can take you all the way to the Rügen coastline, where white-sand beaches and blue waters wait for you.(在这里，长长的小径可以把你一直带到Rügen海岸线，那里有白色的沙滩和蓝色的海水等着你)”可知，若你想在海边沙滩上徒步的话，应该去Jasmund nature park。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据Southern Black Forest nature park部分中的“The highland areas, with views over Switzerland and France, are a good place for food-lovers.(高原地区可以俯瞰瑞士和法国的美景，是美食爱好者的好去处)”可知，这个公园的特殊之处是，在这里的高地，可以看到三个国家。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据第一段“Germany may be famous for its history and culture, and it also houses some of Europe’s most wild and wonderful scenery. Here are four parks worth visiting.(德国可能以它的历史和文化而闻名，它也拥有欧洲最原始和最美妙的风景。这里有四个值得参观的公园)”可知，文章介绍了德国四个值得参观的国家公园。由此推知，文章最可能来自于一则旅游广告。故选D。
35．D
36．C
37．A
38．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。印度商人Ashay Bhave找到了回收使用塑料袋的新方法——把塑料袋制成一种叫作ThaelyTex纤维，然后用这种纤维制作鞋子；这样，塑料袋得以回收利用，减少了对环境的污染。
35．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“This sneaker brand out of Dubai wants to fight the growing problem of plastic pollution.（这个来自迪拜的运动鞋品牌想要对抗日益严重的塑料污染问题）”和第三段的句子“I needed to come up with something that uses recycled plastic without creating any more plastic waste.（我需要想出一种既使用回收塑料又不会产生更多塑料垃圾的方法）”可知，Bhave选择用塑料制作鞋子，是因为他想用环保的方式使用回收塑料。故选D项。
36．细节理解题。根据第五段的最后一句话“The biggest challenge we faced was right at the first step of acquiring the plastic bags.（我们面临的最大的挑战就是如何获得塑料袋）”可知，对于Bhave来说，最大的困难是获得足够的塑料袋来作为生产材料。故选C项。
37．短语猜测题。前文“We have a few more colors coming up,” said Bhave.(“我们会有更多的颜色出现，”巴维说)”可知，他们会生产更多颜色的鞋子，结合划线句“They also plan to put out a high-top model and bring in a line of clothing.(他们还计划put up一个高帮样式，并推出一系列服装)”和句中的“a high-top model（高帮样式）”可知，put out是在该句子中是“生产”的意思，意思是说他们还计划生产一种高帮鞋。故选A项。
38．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Lately, it’s all about environment-friendly materials -- recycled tires, mushrooms, even pineapple fibers! What if you want such a pair of shoes Thaely is here to help.(最近，完全是关于环保材料的——回收轮胎、蘑菇，甚至菠萝纤维！如果你想要这样一双鞋，泰利来帮忙。)”以及下文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲的是印度商人Ashay Bhave找到了回收使用塑料袋的新方法——把塑料袋制成一种叫作ThaelyTex纤维，然后用这种纤维制作鞋子；这样，塑料袋得以回收利用，减少了对环境的污染。所以，B项“Thaely: killer of waste plastic bags（Thaely：废塑料袋的杀手）”作为本文的题目符合题意。故选B项。阅读理解
Video calls are a common occurrence, but have you imagined being able to touch the person on the other end of the line. Scientists are making this a reality.
Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (愈觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch. Haptic technology mimics (模仿) the experience of touch by stimulating: localized areas of the skin in ways that are similar to what is felt in the real world, through force, vibration (振动) or motion.
Vibration is the most common haptic technology today and has been built into many electronic devices, such as one attached to the back of a touch pad in laptops, which simulates a button clicking. However, haptic feedback with vibration becomes less sensitive when used continuously. The existing technology also has great difficulty recreating the sense of touch with objects in virtual environments or located remotely, according to Mai Thanh Thai, leed author of the study.
The new technology overcomes issues with existing haptic devices. The research team introduced a novel method to recreate the sense of touch through soft, artificial “muscles”.
“Our three-way directional skin stretch device, built into the fingertips of the wearable haptic glove we also created, is like wearing a second skin-it’s soft, stretchable and mimics the sense of touch-and will enable new forms of haptic communication to improve everyday activities.”said Thanh Nho Do, senior author of the study.
It works like this: Imagine you are at home and you call your friend who is in Australia. You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with integrated 3D force sensors. If your friend picks up an object, it will physically press against your friend’s fingers. And their glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. The force signals can be sent to your glove so your device will produce the same 3D forces, making you experience the same sense of touch as your friend.
The haptic devices could be applied in various situations, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance. This could be especially beneficial during such times like the COVID-19 pandemic when people rely on video calls to stay connected with loved ones. Or it could be used in medical practices. Doctors can feel a patient’s organ tissues with surgical (手术的) tools without touching them.
1．What can we learn about the SSD
A．It takes the shape of a glove.
B．It mainly uses vibration technology.
C．It makes virtual haptic communication possible.
D．It is a soft electronic glove made of animal skins.
2．How could the new haptic device benefit people
A．It could be used for recreating organ tissues.
B．Users could feel remote objects in a realistic way.
C．Doctors could perform surgeries from a distance.
D．It could replace video calls as a way to communicate.
3．What’s the main purpose of the text
A．To inform readers of a new invention.
B．To encourage the use of a new product.
C．To compare different kinds of existing haptic devices.
D．To introduce the development of haptic technology.
4．In which section of a newspaper can we find this text
A．Science B．Education
C．Entertainment D．Health
My mother was from a generation of women in India who truly worked the “double shift”, but that did not mean that her respons bilita s at home were in any way decreased. It’s one of the reasons I do not blame her for not being passionate about food the way I am, or not making cooking with my sister and me a priority. The last thing she needed was us walking around the kitchen, messing up her system, and making a mess.
I only started cooking for myself when I was homesick in England and the food of homeland and childhood made me feel closer to my family. Mom and I have very different styles of cooking. I have a huge collection of cookbooks and I love learning all about food that is unfamiliar to me. Mom’s cooking and her recipes came all down from her parents, a continuation of oral (口述的) traditions and culture. Sometimes, I catch my mom browsing through my cookbook collection with wonder and I see her eyes widen with appreciation and understanding.
I like to develop a recipe, and if it isn’t right the first time, I’ll keep trying until it’s perfect. My Samosa (萨莫萨三角炸饺) recipe, for example, is testament (证明) to it. Mom never liked making samosas; she thought they were a waste of time when we could just as easily go and buy some. I was enthusiastic about making the perfect ones, and gave her calls—a lot of them in the middle of the night—until I knew I had the right recipe and quantities. When we cook together, I am constantly pestering (打扰) her for quantities she looks at me with amusement, as I am pulling my hair in frustration whose handful is that small handful referring to, Mother But my mom smiles as she happily adds a pinch of (一撮) this and a teaspoon of that. She tells me that I am lucky to be able to enjoy cooking, and asks if I am too serious about quantities, am I still enjoying myself
My mom has taught me a lot about life and food. I am really grateful to her.
5．What was the author’s mom like when the author was young
A．She didn’t get on with her kids.
B．She gave up her work to take care of her family.
C．She didn’t want her kids to be in the kitchen.
D．She often blamed her kids for being particular about food.
6．What can we infer about the author’s mom’s looking through cookbooks
A．She wants to write her own cookbooks.
B．She hopes to improve traditional cooking.
C．She is doubtful about the author’s cooking style.
D．She appreciates the author’s cooking interest.
7．Why did the author mention samosas in the text
A．To show her love of cooking.
B．To indicate they were her favorite food.
C．To express her appreciation for her mom.
D．To prove her mom was bad at making them.
8．What might the author’s mom agree with
A．Cooking can make one calm down.
B．One should read cookbooks critically.
C．One shouldn’t be too serious about quantities while cooking.
D．It’s not a good idea to inv lve too many cooks in cooking.
Earth Overshoot Day marks the date when humanity has used up nature’s annual resources. In 2020, Earth Overshoot Day fell on August 22, three weeks later than 2019’s date of July 29 as a result of COVID-19 lockdowns, meaning that humanity consumed less resources than last year.
According to research conducted by Global Footprint Network, an international research organization, COVID-19- related lockdowns resulted in a 9.3% reduction in humanity’s ecological footprint compared with the same period last year.
However, we would still need 1.6 Earths to keep up with our current use of ecological resources.
While Mathis Wackernagel, president of Global Footprint Network, called this year’s data “encouraging,” he called for further progress to be made “by design, not by disaster.”
CEO of Global Footprint Network Laurel Hanscom adds, “Sustainability requires that both ecological balance and people’s well-being be ensured over the long-term, therefore this year’s sudden Ecological Footprint reduction cannot be mistaken for progress.”
According to the research, Australia used up its resources in the first half year during its 2019/ 2020 forest fire season.
Wackernagel says, “We’re using up the future to pay for the present. We’ve only got one planet and that’s not going to change.”
The research organization says that sustainability of a society depends on the sound management of ecological resources. To do this, we need to change the way we produce our food, we move around, how many children we have and how much land we protect for wildlife. Reducing our overall carbon footprint by 50% would push the date back 93 days, cutting food waste in half, 13 days. And if we push the date back by 5 days each year, humanity would be using less than one planet before 2050.
9．What led to less resource consumption in 2020
A．COVID-19 lockdowns. B．Improved awareness.
C．The forest fire season. D．Sound management of ecology.
10．What is Laurel Hanscom’s attitude towards this year’s data
A．Negative. B．Critical.
C．Cautious. D．Positive.
11．What can we learn from the figures of the last paragraph
A．We have reduced carbon footprint by 50%.
B．The more children we have, the wealthier our life are.
C．The way we travel around doesn’t make any difference.
D．Good management of natural resources has a positive effect.
12．What’s the best title for this text
A．To reduce carbon footprint of food.
B．Using less resources in 2020 than last year.
C．To encourage humans to use resources slowly.
D．COVID-19 lockdown being good for development.
East of England tour
Tour itinerary(行程)
Sunday 7 August:Check into our three-star hotel for the trip, Bamsdale Lodge, near Rutland Water.Enjoy a welcome dinner and talk by BBC Gardeners’World magazine Associate Editor, David Hurrion.Monday 8 August: First to Cottesbrooke Hall & Gardens in Northamptonshire for a gardener-led tour,plus lunch. Then to the private garden of The Old Vicarage, Burley, where owner Sandra Blaza will share her gardening passion. Later, enjoy a welcome drink, dinner and a talk by Nick Hamilton, owner of Barnsdale Gardens.
Tuesday 9 August: Bamsdale Gardens consisting of 37 gardens in many styles offer inspiration for all.Nick Hamilton will be on hand to show you round. In the afternoon we’ll visit wonderful Elton Hall in Cambridgeshire for a tour of the private gardens with the head gardener and have free time to explore the formal gardens. We’ll have dinner at the hotel.
Wednesday 10 August: Boughton House, Northamptonshire, will open exclusively(专门地) for us,starting with a two- course lunch, and a talk and Q&A with our special guest Adam Frost. After lunch,we’ll take a tour of the gardens with the head gardener.
PLEASE NOTE: Thus is a busy itinerary involving a great amount of walking, with little or no access to assistance. Please bear this in mind when booking this tour.
13．What do tour itineraries of Monday and Tuesday have in common
A．They both provide dinner at the hotel.
B．They both include a tour of the private garden.
C．They both include a guided tour by Nick Hamilton.
D．They both offer free time to explore the formal gardens.
14．When will the tourists be entertained by Adam Frost
A．On August 7. B．On August8.
C．On August9. D．On August 10.
15．What is required of potential tourists
A．They are able to walk long distances.
B．They should book the tour in person.
C．They must bring their own travel tools.
D．They have a good knowledge of gardening.
Liu Yexi has taken Douyin by storm. As of Nov. 17, the virtual idol, who appeared on the social media platform on Oct. 31, had only released two short videos but attracted over 5 million followers. Different from other virtual idols, Liu is defined as a “virtual beauty vlogger”. In her first video, Liu is doing makeup with an eye brush while dressed in a traditional Chinese costume. When she turns around, the onlookers are terrified, except one boy. Then Liu slightly brushes the boys eyes, allowing him to see the fantasy world in her own eyes.
The internet users were impressed by its storyline, science-fiction elements and special visual effects with cyberpunk style. Liang Zikang, the CEO of the production team, told China Newsweek that the team spent two months making the video.
Lius instant popularity online further reflects that the virtual idol industry in China has been booming. There are over 32,400 virtual idols that have opened accounts on video-sharing platform Bilibili in the past year, seeing a year-on-year rise of 40 percent, Chen Rui, the CEO of Bilibili, said in a speech.
“Compared with real idols and stars, the virtual ones seem to be more approachable for fans,” Shine News noted. Additionally, these virtual web celebrities won't have scandals.
As more young people are fascinated by these virtual figures, their commercial value has been on the rise. Generally, they earn money by endorsements (代言), online concerts, livestreaming and related products. For example, Luo Tianyi, a well-known virtual singer, cooperated with livestreamer Li Jiaqi to promote goods in 2020.
Therefore, some people are wondering whether they will replace real humans. “These so-called virtual idols have real human teams to back them up and control them. They are not really virtual,” Ding Daoshi, an independent analyst in the internet sector, told the Global Times. The real virtual idol will come when artificial intelligence achieves a new level of self-learning and self-training and then interacts with others, he added.
16．Which of the following contributes to the popularity of Liu Yexis video
A．The video involves sci-fi elements.
B．The video features funny visual effects.
C．The video teaches useful makeup skills.
D．The video tells a traditional Chinese story.
17．Which is an advantage virtual idols have over real idols
A．They can attract more followers.
B．They have higher commercial value.
C．They can be approached more easily.
D．They are equipped with better talents.
18．What do we know about the current virtual idols according to Ding
A．They can interact with each other.
B．They will replace human idols soon.
C．They are dependent on human teams.
D．They can learn and train by themselves.
19．Which is the best title for the text
A．Virtual idols are sweeping the Internet.
B．People raise concern about virtual idols.
C．AI technology has made a new breakthrough.
D．Social media platforms are gaining popularity.
Recently, researchers at Yale did a groundbreaking study that found that parents had enormous power to reduce their child’s anxiety,even if the child didn’t do anything different.
The study involved 124 parents and their children, aged 7 to 14, who had been diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Half the children received 12 weekly sessions of cognitive(认知的)behaviour therapy(治疗). The other half received no therapy at all，but their parents received 12 weekly sessions to guide them on how to respond to anxiety in their children.
Parent therapy focused on helping parents reduce their accommodation behaviour, which are the behaviour that make anxiety more possible. These behaviour included parents supporting avoidance, over-comforting, changing the environment to avoid anything that might fuel anxiety, accommodating obsessive-compulsive(强迫症)behaviour(either by joining in or making way for them). For example,if a parent received loads of text messages a day from an anxious child, that parent gradually reduced the number of text messages he or she sent back to two or three. Parents of children who were refusing or avoiding school because of anxiety-driven stomachaches were taught to respond with something like,“I know you are feeling upset right now, and I know you will be okay,”before sending the child to school.
The results were remarkable. Children in both groups showed the same reduction in anxiety, regardless of whether they or their parents received suggestions. On top of this, the relationship between the parent and child was better in the group where only the parents received therapy. If you have stood with a child during anxiety,you would probably be way too aware of the sense of helplessness that can swamp them. When anxiety lays a heavy hand, it can understandably be tough for our children to open up to doing something different. What this research is telling us is that we don’t need them to. Even without involving their children, parents have enormous power to reduce anxiety in their children by changing the way they respond to anxiety.
20．What are the two therapies intended for
A．One for children and one for parents.
B．Both for children’s cognitive behaviour.
C．Both for parents’ anxiety and behaviour.
D．Both for children with anxiety and bad deeds.
21．Why should parents reduce sent-back messages when receiving so many
A．To let experts give some advice.
B．To show their ignorance to them.
C．To reduce the children’s anxiety.
D．To give children too much comfort.
22．What does the result of the research show to us
A．Children’s ways to deal with anxiety are vital.
B．Parents’ proper behaviors are more important.
C．Children’s cognitive behaviors should be guided.
D．Children are short of experience in treating anxiety.
23．What should a parent do in treating children’s anxiety
A．Change himself. B．Give advice quickly.
C．Take them to doctors. D．Get into their behaviors.
Phineas T Barnum is the best-known circus business owner of the nineteenth century. He excelled as a showman, and throughout his career in the entertainment business, he promoted many different forms of attractions.
Barnum’s first industry was as a newspaper owner. He also worked as a writer and publisher. His enduring fame, however, is as a showman. Barnum considered this to be his main talent and he never changed this view of his character.
T. Barnum’s entertainment interests covered museums, traveling dance troupes (团), and even the mid-century US tour by Jenny Lind, the Swedish singer. He was, by nature, a risk-taker, and usually gained success from the most unlikely enterprises.
Barnum was willing to adopt any tactic that publicized his businesses. His American Museum in New York included hoaxes and freaks (恶作剧和怪物), both human and animal. This was not unusual by the standards of the time, but even he felt the need to prove his hoaxes fair, as advertising tricks.
Barnum’s unbounded self-confidence meant he never doubted his ability to make a success of any business. He opened America’s first aquarium (水馆) and opened a theater in New York that was the largest and most modern in the city. He aimed to change the public knowledge of theaters, and in this, he largely succeeded. He made theater-going respectable.
Determination and hard work featured majorly in the qualities that Barnum displayed, and he frequently spoke about the necessity of both. He believed success only came to those who worked for it and knew they had the self-determination necessary. He also stated the necessity of understanding the business that a person was running. Knowledge and experience counted for much in Barnum’s life, and he certainly knew the entertainment business.
Success in life, according to Barnum, could only be achieved when a person is in good health. He advised that getting healthy and maintaining a healthy body and mind would lead to happiness as well as success.
24．What did Barnum think was his most successful career
A．A writer. B．A publisher.
C．A showman. D．A newspaper owner.
25．What does the underlined word “tactic” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Media. B．Strategy. C．Support. D．Opportunity.
26．Why does the author mention Barnum’s success in opening the aquarium and theater
A．To show Barnum’s firm beliefs in his own capacity.
B．To tell us chances are important for any business.
C．To explain what kind of business was successful.
D．To indicate how bad people’s life was at that time.
27．Which of the following can best describe Barnum and his business
A．Eventful. B．Adventurous. C．Unsteady. D．Outstanding.
Best Cycling Holiday Destinations In Europe
Girona,Spain
Girona is surrounded by fantastic and easily accessible cycle routes that pretty much offer any riding you would ever need or want. The relatively traffic-free roads mean that there is little trouble in getting out of the town and into the hills. Girona’s old town itself is a beauty and with plenty of places serving great food and great coffee, there’s a certain magic to the place.
Algarve,Portugal
Portugal is a cycling destination that has grown in popularity thanks to the large variety of roads in the country. It is not too dissimilar to what you’ll find in the most popular cycling regions,but Portugal just feels that little bit less main stream. Away from the bike, there is also plenty of food to sink your teeth into and local wines to try.
Northern Scotland,UK
One of the best places to tour in all of Europe is in fact Scotland. Particularly adventurous cyclists can take advantage of Scotland’s rules on wild camping-Scottish law allows members of the public the right to roam(漫游)，while English law does not. It’s a totally liberating way to explore a place and Scotland might just be one of the best ones to do it due to the beautiful scenery and rural landscapes.
Julian Alps,Slovenia
Slovenia is one of the relatively new kids on the block when it comes to European cycling getaways. A great destination for mountain bikers and road cyclists alike, the country has plenty of brilliant off-road routes and rideable,tricky roads that take you high up into the Julian Alps. It’s no surprise once you’ve ridden here that the country punches well above its weight in terms of producing world class bike racers.
28．What do the first two destinations have in common
A．They supply local wines for visitors.
B．They are completely traffic free.
C．They have fewer riding routes.
D．They serve delicious food.
29．Which of the following is your best choice if you love adventure
A．Algarve,Portugal.
B．Girona,Spain.
C．Northern Scotland,UK.
D．Julian Alps,Slovenia.
30．What do we know about Julian Alps, Slovenia
A．It produces brilliant mountain climbers.
B．It has a short cycling history.
C．It welcomes wild campers.
D．It is known for rural landscapes.
Scientists researching climate change in Antarctica are studying penguins in an effort to better understand the area’s environmental health. The scientists are measuring the growth and development of the penguin population on the eastern side of the Antarctic Peninsula.“We are counting penguin nests to understand how many penguins are in a colony, producing young every year, and whether that number is going up or down with the environmental conditions,“ said Alex Borowicz. He is an ecology researcher at New York’s Stony Brook University.
The work is not easy for climate researchers in the icy,faraway reaches of Antarctica. But penguins are easier to follow than some other kinds of animals because they nest on land. Their black bodies and wastedroppings can also be identified against the area’s white background.
Michael Wethington,another researcher from Stony Brook,told Reuters the penguin population can represent overall climate conditions and the health of the area’s whole ecosystem.The researchers say countsof individual penguins can be combined with data from satellite images to get a more complete picture of how the animals are progressing.
Gentoo penguins-with bright orange beaks and white markings on their heads-prefer open water without broken pieces of ice floating around. So when temperatures on the Antarctic Peninsula began rising during the latter half of the 20th century,gentoo populations moved south.Gentoo penguins don’t like sea ice. They mostly forage(觅食)over the continental shelf and don＇t go far out to sea. As sea ice has decreased along the western side of the peninsula,gentoos seem to have gotten used to the changed conditions. But those same conditions have been worse for the Adelie penguin species. This is because the Adelies depend on sea ice for feeding and reproduction.
“When we find Adelie penguins, we typically know that sea ice is nearby,”Stony Brook’s Wethington said. He added that whenever researchers see sea ice decreasing or disappearing,they also see Adelie penguin populations plunge.Even though Adelie penguins are increasing in number overall, some populations have fallen by more than 65 percent,researchers say.
31．Why do scientists studying climate change in Antarctica study penguins
A．To offer them better protection.
B．To learn more about the conditions of Antarctica.
C．To find out about the penguin population.
D．To have a clearer idea of their living habits.
32．What makes penguins easier to follow than other kinds of animals
A．Their various species.
B．Their unusual hunting ways.
C．Their unique eating habits.
D．Their nesting habit and body color.
33．What can be inferred about gentoo penguins from paragraph 4
A．They are quite adaptive.
B．They are in great danger.
C．They tend to hunt far out to sea.
D．They have a preference for sea ice.
34．What does the underlined word “plunge” in the last paragraph mean
A．Rise steadily.
B．Swing violently.
C．Drop sharply.
D．Grow swiftly.
Max Du won the Canada-Wide Science Fair. His project is a drone (无人机) to save people who go into cardiac (心脏的) arrest. Max got the inspiration during Christmas break last year. “I got a toy drone from my parents, but I couldn’t fly it because it is snowy.” Max said. “So I played with it at home, and it got me thinking how a drone could be used as an indoor robot that could help people.”
About 35, 000 people have cardiac arrests in Canada each year. Most of those happen outside of a hospital, of whom fewer than 10 percent survive. Max believed a drone could offer faster support and life-saving medicine, but he had to build it himself to know for sure.
Testing his drone took about six months. Max’s parents had to deal with their son’s constantly flying and crashing in the home. Every time Max would create an exciting innovation, such as an extendable arm, it would add extra weight to his drone, causing it to break apart. Then Max would have to buy all new parts. Max tested using more lightweight materials until his design was more balanced.
Through trial and error, the 14-year-old boy finally got it right. His drone can open a door handle, fly in the air and then land softly on the ground. A new extendable arm can be released to administer a shot or hand a patient lifesaving medicine. A built-in camera could directly conference with an emergency response team whose members could monitor the patient remotely.
Max plans on applying for a patent (专利) so he can make connections in the health-care industry to get it made for real. He’s spent his summer learning about artificial intelligence at California’s Stanford University as one of 32 kids selected worldwide. He’ll head next to the University of Pennsylvania to take a college-level robotics class before returning to high school in September.
35．Why did Max Du design a drone by himself
A．He had sympathy for those with heart attacks.
B．He had nothing to do in Christmas holidays.
C．He wanted use it to help his parents.
D．He tried to make it fly in the snow.
36．What can we learn from paragraphs 2 and 3
A．Most of the people with cardiac arrests in Canada can survive.
B．Max’s parents were unwilling to help during his drone design.
C．It’s very important to control the balance of the drone.
D．Max’s design of the extendable arm is very smooth.
37．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A．The instructions for using the drone.
B．The reason for applying for a patent.
C．The process of Max’s success.
D．The functions of the new drone.
38．Which of the following can best describe Max
A．Considerate and brave.
B．Talented and creative.
C．Clever and honest.
D．Helpful and loyal.
参考答案
1．C
2．B
3．A
4．A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸装置（SSD），这种装置可以重现触觉。
【详解】1.细节理解题。从文章第二段中“Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (愈觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch.(澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软的皮肤伸展装置（SSD），这是一种可以重现触觉的触觉装置。)和第六段中“It works like this:Imagine you are at home and you call your friend who is in Australia. You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with integrated 3D force sensors.If your friend picks up an object, it will physically press against your friend’s fingers. And their glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. (它的工作原理是这样的: 想象你在家里，你打电话给你在澳大利亚的朋友。你戴着一个带SSD的触觉手套，你的朋友也戴着一个集成了3D力传感器的手套。如果你的朋友拿起一个物体，它会物理地压在你朋友的手指上。他们带有3D力传感器的手套将测量这些相互作用。)”可知，SSD可以使人们在虚拟环境中有触觉感受。故选C。
2.细节理解题。从文章最后一段中“The haptic devices could be applied in various scenarios,allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance.(这种触觉装置可以应用于各种场合，使用户能够感觉到虚拟世界内部或远处的物体。)”可知，新的触觉设备可以让用户以逼真的触摸方式感受远距离的物体。故选B。
3.推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章依次介绍了现触觉技术的局限、新触觉设备的先进技术及其工作原理和应用，所以文章的主要目的是向读者介绍一种新发明。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据第一段“Video calls are a common occurrence, but have you imagined being able to touch the person on the other end of the line. Scientists are making this a reality.(视频通话是一种常见的现象，但你有没有想象过能够接触到电话另一端的人。科学家们正在使这一切成为现实。)”和第四段中“The research team introduced a novel method to recreate the sense of touch through soft,artificial“muscles”(研究小组引入了一种新方法，通过柔软的人造“肌肉”重建触觉。)”可知，文章主要介绍了澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸装置，所以本文属于科学技术类文章，可以在报纸的科学版面上找到这篇文章。故选A。
5．C
6．D
7．A
8．C
【导语】本文是记叙文，文章主要讲了作者因为妈妈对烹饪有了更深刻的理解。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The last thing she needed was us walking around the kitchen,messing up her system, and making amess(她最不需要的就是我们在厨房里走来走去搞乱她的秩序，搞得一团糟。)”可知，小时候作者的妈妈不想让她和妹妹出现在厨房中。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Sometimes, Featch my mom browsing through my cookbook collection with wonder and I see her eyes widen with appreciation and understanding(有时，我看到我妈妈带着好奇浏览我的食谱收藏，我看到她带有欣赏且理解地睁大了眼睛。)”可推知，作者的妈妈很赞同作者学习烹饪。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段中“I like to develop a recipe, and if it isn’t right the first time, I’ll keep trying until it’s perfect. My Samosa(萨莫萨三角炸饺) recipe, for example, is testament (证明) to it. Mom never liked making samosas; she thought they were a waste of time when we could just as easily go and buy some.I was enthusiastic about making the perfect ones, and gave her calls—a lot of them in the middle of the night—until I knew I had the right recipe and quantities. (我喜欢开发一个食谱，如果第一次不对，我会继续尝试，直到它完美。比如说，我的萨摩萨菜谱就是最好的证明。妈妈从来不喜欢做咖喱角：她认为做咖喱角是浪费时间，因为我们可以很容易地去买一些。我热衷于做出完美的咖喱角，并给她打电话——很多都是在半夜打的——直到我知道我有正确的配方和数量。)”可知，作者提到萨莫萨三角炸饺的例子是为了说明她对烹饪的热爱。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“But my mom smiles as she happily adds a pinch of(一撮) this and a teaspoon of that. She tells me that I am lucky to be able to enjoy cooking, and asks if I am too serious about quantities, am I still enjoying myself (但是我妈妈笑着高兴地加了一小撮这个和一茶匙那个。她告诉我，我很幸运能够享受烹饪，并问我是否我对用量严格太要求，问我是否仍然很享受？)”可知，妈妈想要告诉作者的是：要想充分享受烹饪的乐趣，就不应该过分纠结配料的用量。故选C。
9．A
10．C
11．D
12．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了根据国际研究组织全球足迹网络的研究，由于新冠肺炎疫情封控，2020年资源消耗减少。然而，需要人类对生态资源的良好管理才能达到可持续发展。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 2020, Earth Overshoot Day fell on August 22, three weeks later than 2019’s date of July 29 as a result of COVID-19 lockdowns, meaning that humanity consumed less resources than last year.(2020年，由于新冠肺炎疫情的封锁，地球超载日是8月22日，比2019年7月29日晚了三周，这意味着人类消耗的资源比去年少。)”可知，2020年资源消耗减少，是由于新冠肺炎封锁。故选A项。
10．推理判断题。根据第五段“CEO of Global Footprint Network Laurel Hanscom adds, ‘Sustainability requires that both ecological balance and people’s well-being be ensured over the long-term, therefore this year’s sudden Ecological Footprint reduction cannot be mistaken for progress.’(全球足迹网络首席执行官劳蕾尔·汉斯科姆补充说：“可持续发展要求长期确保生态平衡和人们的福祉，因此今年突然减少的生态足迹不能被误认为是进步。”)”可知，在他看来，可持续发展要求长期确保生态平衡和人们的福祉，因此要警惕，对于今年突然减少的生态足迹不能被误认为是进步，由此可推知，他对这个数据的态度是谨慎的。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Reducing our overall carbon footprint by 50% would push the date back 93 days, cutting food waste in half, 13 days. And if we push the date back by 5 days each year, humanity would be using less than one planet before 2050.(将我们的整体碳足迹减少50%，将日期推迟93天，将食物浪费减少一半，即13天。如果我们将这一日期每年向后推5天，到2050年，人类将只使用不到一个地球。)”可知，如果人类总碳足迹减少50%，日期会推后93天，如果我们每年把这个日期推后五天，到2050年，人类会使用不到一个地球，由此可推知，对生态资源的良好管理有积极的影响。故选D项。
12．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In 2020, Earth Overshoot Day fell on August 22, three weeks later than 2019’s date of July 29 as a result of COVID-19 lockdowns, meaning that humanity consumed less resources than last year.(2020年，由于新冠肺炎疫情的封锁，地球超载日是8月22日，比2019年7月29日晚了三周，这意味着人类消耗的资源比去年少。)”提出了文章的话题“由于新冠肺炎疫情封锁，2020年资源消耗比去年同期消耗数量减少”，并在后文对其原因和深远意义进行了讲述。因此，选项B“Using less resources in 2020 than last year.(2020年使用的资源比去年更少。)”贴合主题。故选B项。
13．B
14．D
15．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一个关于英格兰东部地区的旅游行程安排。
13．推理判断题。根据文章“Monday 8 August(8月8日星期一)”中的“Then to the private garden of The Old Vicarage(然后去老牧师公馆的私人花园)”和以及文章“Tuesday 9 August (8月9日星期二)”中的 “In the afternoon we’ll visit wonderful Elton Hall in Cambridgeshire for a tour of the private gardens with the head gardener and have free time to explore the formal gardens(下午，我们将参观剑桥郡的埃尔顿庄园，与园艺师一起参观私人花园，并有空闲时间探索正式的花园)”可知，周一和周二都有关于参观私人花园的安排。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据“Wednesday 10 August(8月10日星期三)”中的“a talk and Q&A with our special guest Adam Frost(与我们的特别嘉宾亚当·弗罗斯特进行了对话和问答)”可知，8月10号安排了特别嘉宾Adam Frost的演讲及与他的问答互动环节。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“PLEASE NOTE(请注意)”中的“This is a busy itinerary involving a great amount of walking, with little or no access to assistance(这是一个繁忙的行程，包括大量的步行，很少或根本没有帮助)”可知，本次旅游会涉及大量的徒步行走，且几乎得不到任何帮助，想要报名的人必须能进行远距离行走。故选A。
16．A
17．C
18．C
19．A
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。虚拟偶像柳夜熙凭借其视频的故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果而在网上的迅速走红，反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展，文章同时剖析了其中的原因，效应以及未来的发展趋势。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段“The internet users were impressed by its storyline, science-fiction elements and special visual effects with cyberpunk style. (网友们对其故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果印象深刻。)”，第三段“Lius instant popularity online further reflects that the virtual idol industry in China has been booming. (柳在网上的迅速走红进一步反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展。)”可知，虚拟偶像柳夜熙的视频中的科幻元素，有助于视频的流行。故选A项。
17．细节理解题。根据第四段“‘Compared with real idols and stars, the virtual ones seem to be more approachable for fans,’ Shine News noted. (‘与真实的偶像和明星相比，虚拟的偶像和明星对粉丝来说似乎更平易近人。’Shine News指出。)”可知，虚拟偶像比真实的偶像更容易接近。故选C项。
18．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“‘These so-called virtual idols have real human teams to back them up and control them. They are not really virtual,’ Ding Daoshi, an independent analyst in the internet sector, told the Global Times. (‘这些所谓的虚拟偶像有真实的人类团队来支持和控制他们。它们并不是真正的虚拟，’互联网领域的独立分析师丁道石告诉《环球时报》。)”可知，根据丁道石的话可知，目前的虚拟偶像其背后有真实的人类团体支持，因此他们的存在依赖于人类团体。故选C项。
19．推理判断题。通读全文，文章以柳夜熙为例，他凭借其视频的故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果而在网上的迅速走红，反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展，文章同时剖析了其中的原因，效应以及未来的发展趋势。Virtual idols are sweeping the Internet.适合当本章标题。故选A项。
20．A
21．C
22．B
23．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了父母在帮助减少孩子焦虑方面的重要作用。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“Half the children received 12 weekly sessions of cognitive behaviour therapy. The other half received no therapy at all， but their parents received 12 weekly sessions to guide them on how to respond to anxiety in their children.(一半的儿童每周接受12次认知行为治疗。另一半人根本没有接受任何治疗，但他们的父母每周接受12次治疗，指导他们如何应对孩子的焦虑)”可知两种治疗分别针对孩子和父母。故选A项。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段的前三句“Parent therapy focused on helping parents reduce their accommodation behaviour, which are the behaviour that make anxiety more possible. These behaviour included parents supporting avoidance, over-comforting, changing the environment to avoid anything that might fuel anxiety, accommodating obsessive-compulsive behaviour(either by joining in or making way for them). For example,if a parent received loads of text messages a day from an anxious child, that parent gradually reduced the number of text messages he or she sent back to two or three.(父母治疗的重点是帮助父母减少他们的迁就行为，这些行为使焦虑更有可能发生。这些行为包括父母支持回避，过度安慰，改变环境以避免任何可能加剧焦虑的事情，包容强迫症行为(要么加入，要么为他们让路)。例如，如果一位家长每天收到来自一个焦虑的孩子的大量短信，这位家长就会逐渐减少他或她回复的短信数量，减少到2或3条。)”可知，父母减少回复信息的原因是为了要减少父母对孩子的迁就行为，以便于使孩子的焦虑更少（更不太可能）发生。故选C项。
22．推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“On top of this, the relationship between the parent and child was better in the group where only the parents received therapy. (最重要的是，在只有父母接受治疗的小组中，父母和孩子之间的关系更好。)” 可知，接受治疗的父母那一组，孩子的情况更好，因此可以推断，父母的恰当行为对于减少孩子焦虑更重要。故选B项。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Even without involving their children, parents have enormous power to reduce anxiety in their children by changing the way they respond to anxiety. (即使没有孩子的参与，父母也有巨大的能力通过改变他们应对焦虑的方式来减少孩子的焦虑)” 可知，父母改变自己是关键。故选A项。
24．C
25．B
26．A
27．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了娱乐大亨Phineas T Barnum的职业生涯。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“His enduring fame, however, is as a showman. Barnum considered this to be his main talent and he never changed this view of his character.(然而，他持久的名声是作为一名娱乐经理人。Barnum认为这是他的主要天赋，他从未改变对自己特点的看法)”可知，Barnum认为他作为娱乐经理人是最成功的。故选C项。
25．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Barnum was willing to adopt any tactic that publicized his businesses. His American Museum in New York included hoaxes and freaks, both human and animal. This was not unusual by the standards of the time, but even he felt the need to prove his hoaxes fair, as advertising tricks.(Barnum愿意采取任何宣传其业务的tactic 。他在纽约的美国博物馆收藏了人类和动物的恶作剧和怪物。以当时的标准来看，这并不罕见，但即使是他也觉得有必要证明自己的骗局是合理的，就像广告伎俩一样)”可知，Barnum愿意采用任何策略来宣传其业务，并证明其策略是合理的，推测划线单词表示“策略”，与strategy同义。故选B项。
26．推理判断题。根据第五段“Barnum’s unbounded self-confidence meant he never doubted his ability to make a success of any business. He opened America’s first aquarium and opened a theater in New York that was the largest and most modern in the city. He aimed to change the public knowledge of theaters, and in this, he largely succeeded. (Barnum的无限自信意味着他从不怀疑自己在任何业务上取得成功的能力。他开设了美国第一家水族馆，并在纽约开设了一家剧院，这是该市最大、最现代化的剧院。他旨在改变公众对戏剧的认知，并在这方面取得了很大的成功)”可知，作者提到Barnum在水族馆和剧院方面的成功，是为了展示Barnum对自己能力的坚定自信。故选A项。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段“He excelled as a showman, and throughout his career in the entertainment business, he promoted many different forms of attractions.(作为一名娱乐经理人，他表现出色，在娱乐业的整个职业生涯中，他推广了许多不同形式的景点)”、第三段“He was, by nature, a risk-taker, and usually gained success from the most unlikely enterprises.(他天生就是一个冒险者，通常从最不可能的企业那里获得成功)”、第五段“Barnum’s unbounded self-confidence meant he never doubted his ability to make a success of any business.(Barnum的无限自信意味着他从不怀疑自己在任何业务上取得成功的能力)”以及文章内容可知，Barnum在许多行业取得成功，并对自己的能力具备自信，所以Barnum及其事业是杰出的。故选D项。
28．D
29．C
30．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，分别介绍了欧洲最好的四个骑行度假胜地的特色，以供感兴趣的游客选择。
28．推理判断题。根据Girona,Spain部分“Girona’s old town itself is a beauty and with plenty of places serving great food and great coffee, there’s a certain magic to the place.（赫罗纳的老城本身就是一个美丽的地方，有很多地方提供美味的食物和咖啡，这里有一定的魔力。）”以及Algarve,Portugal部分“Away from the bike, there is also plenty of food to sink your teeth into and local wines to try.（除了自行车，这里还有很多食物可以让你尽情享用，还有当地的葡萄酒可以品尝。）”可知，这两个骑行度假胜地的共同特点是都提供美味的食物。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据Northern Scotland,UK部分“Particularly adventurous cyclists can take advantage of Scotland’s rules on wild camping（特别喜欢冒险的骑行者可以利用苏格兰关于野外露营的规定。）”可知，Northern Scotland,UK是喜欢冒险的人的最佳选择，故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据Julian Alps,Slovenia部分“Slovenia is one of the relatively new kids on the block when it comes to European cycling getaways.（斯洛文尼亚是欧洲自行车之旅中相对较新的孩子之一。）”可知，斯洛文尼亚是欧洲自行车之旅中的新秀之一，历史较短，故选B。
31．B
32．D
33．A
34．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员通过观察企鹅的数量来观测气候变化。
31．细节理解题。根据首句“Scientists researching climate change in Antarctica are studying penguins in an effort to better understand the area’s environmental health.”（研究南极洲气候变化的科学家们在研究企鹅，努力更好了解该地区的环境健康状态）可知，科学家的目的是为了解当地的环境条件，故选B项。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“But penguins are easier to follow than some other kinds of animals because they nest on land.”（但是企鹅较之其他动物们易于跟踪的原因是因为他们居住在陆地上）和最后一句“Their black bodies and waste droppings can also be identified against the area’s white background.”（在该地区白色背景的映衬下，它们黑色的身体和排出的废物易于识别）可知，企鹅易于跟踪的原因是它们的定居习惯和体色。故选D项。
33．推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第三句“As sea ice has decreased along the western side of the peninsula, gentoos seem to have gotten used to the changed conditions.”（随着沿半岛两边的海里的冰减少，巴布亚企鹅似乎已经习惯了改变了的环境条件）可知，这种企鹅的适应性强.，故选A项。
34．词句猜测题。根据最后一段第二句“He added that whenever researchers see sea ice decreasing or disappearing, they also see Adelie penguin populations plunge.”（他补充说不论何时研究人员看见海里的冰在减少或者消失时，他们也看见Adelie企鹅的数量 ）以及最后一句“Even though Adelie penguins are increasing in number overall, some populations have fallen by more than 65 percent,researchers say.”(研究人员表示，尽管阿德利企鹅的数量总体上在增加，但一些数量下降了65%以上。)可知，这种企鹅受气候改变的影响，plunge应表示“暴跌”。故选C项。
35．A
36．C
37．D
38．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位14岁的少年设计用于救助心脏病人的无人机并因此获奖的故事。
35．细节理解题。根据第一段Max所说的话“So I played with it at home, and it got me thinking how a drone could be used as an indoor robot that could help people. (所以我在家里玩它，它让我思考如何将无人机用作室内机器人去帮助人们)”和第二段“Max believed a drone could offer faster support and life-saving medicine, but he had to build it himself to know for sure. (Max相信无人机可以提供更快的支持和救命的药物，但他必须自己制造出来才能确定)”可知，他的无人机是用来帮助心脏骤停的病人的，表明他很同情患有心脏病的人。故选A。
36．推理判断题。由第三段“Every time Max would create an exciting innovation, such as an extendable arm, it would add extra weight to his drone, causing it to break apart. Then Max would have to buy all new parts. Max tested using more lightweight materials until his design was more balanced. (每次Max创造一个令人兴奋的创新时，比如一个可伸展的机械臂，就会给他的无人机增加额外的重量，导致它摔碎。Max不得不买新的零件。Max使用更轻的材料进行测试，直到他的设计更加平衡)”可知，可伸展的机械臂会给无人机增加额外的重量导致它四分五裂。Max需要使用更轻的材料使他的设计更加平衡。由此可见，控制无人机的平衡是很重要的。故选C。
37．主旨大意题。通读第四段“Through trial and error, the 14-year-old boy finally got it right. His drone can open a door handle, fly in the air and then land softly on the ground. A new extendable arm can be released to administer a shot or hand a patient lifesaving medicine. A built-in camera could directly conference with an emergency response team whose members could monitor the patient remotely. (经过反复试验，这个14岁的男孩终于成功了。他的无人机可以打开门把手，在空中飞行，然后轻轻地降落在地面上。一种新型的可伸缩手臂可以被释放出来进行注射或递给病人救命的药物。内置摄像头可以直接与应急小组进行会议，其成员可以远程监控病人)”可知，本段的主要部分，即第二句到第四句都是介绍Max的无人机的功能。因此本段主要是关于无人机的功能。故选D。
38．推理判断题。由全文所说的Max自己设计救助心脏病人的无人机表明Max很有创造力，最后一段“He’s spent his summer learning about artificial intelligence at California’s Stanford University as one of 32 kids selected worldwide. He’ll head next to the University of Pennsylvania to take a college-level robotics class before returning to high school in September.(作为全球32名被选中的孩子之一，他整个夏天都在加州斯坦福大学学习人工智能。接下来，他将前往宾夕法尼亚大学学习大学水平的机器人课程，然后在9月份返回高中。)”说明Max在人工智能方面很有天赋，所以B选项“Talented and creative. (有天赋的并具有创造力的)”符合题意。故选B。阅读理解
So you’re looking to ski at one of the best We’ve done the hard work for you.
Breckenridge
Breckenridge is an extremely popular ski destination. It’s undoubtedly an awesome mountain to ride, but it can also get discouragingly crowded. This is not surprising given all the things Breckenridge has going for it: affordable lodging (借宿), an abundance of slopes and North America’s highest lift. The town atmosphere is fun and relaxing, plus there are a ton of shopping, dining, and drinking options to choose from. With so much to offer, Breckenridge makes for a great ski resort that suits all budgets.
Aspen Snowmass
Aspen is the ultimate ski destination for the rich and has evolved into four separate ski areas: Aspen, Snowmass, Buttermilk, and Aspen Highlands. They’re all linked by a shuttle system, accessible with a single ticket, and gathered around one of the greatest ski towns in the world. Aspen is truly the king of apres-ski (滑雪后的社交娱乐) with endless dining and nightlife options! It’s also one of the few ski resorts in Colorado where you won’t be affected by altitude sickness. For all the appeal that brings celebrities here, Aspen does come at a price.
Jackson Hole
Jackson Hole is infamous for its extreme terrain (地形) and steeps with the most continuous vertical in the US. Although it has the reputation of an expert’s paradise, recent improvements have made intermediate terrain easier to access. On the other side, Jackson Hole is not ideal for first-timers and kids due to the lack of beginner terrain. Crowds can also be an issue. If you’re looking for ski-in/ski-out access, stay in Teton Village which has a handful of bars; if not, the town of Jacks.
1．If you are a beginner with a tight budget, which skiing resort may you choose
A．Buttermilk. B．Breckenridge.
C．Jackson Hole. D．Aspen Snowmass.
2．What can we learn about Aspen Snowmass
A．It is economical to ski there.
B．It offers limited social activities.
C．One ticket can be used in 4 ski areas.
D．Visitors will feel sick for its high altitude.
3．What’s the same disadvantage of Breckenridge and Jackson Hole
A．The price is expensive.
B．The traffic is not very convenient.
C．They are not friendly to beginners.
D．They are very crowded sometimes.
A study recently looked into the state-to-state moving patterns of Americans. The study examined each state to determine how many of its adult citizens have moved there from other states. States with high percentages of these residents are called “magnet states” in the report. The study also investigated what percent of adults born in each state are still living there. States high in the number of these residents are called “sticky states”. The study found that some states were both magnet and sticky, while others were neither. There were also states that were only magnet or only sticky.
Florida is a good example of a state that ranks high on both. Seventy percent of its current adult population was born in other states; at the same time, 66% of adults born in Florida are still living there. On the other hand, West Virginia is neither magnet nor particularly sticky. In other words, it has few newcomers. and relatively few West Virginians stay there. Michigan is a typical example of a state which is highly sticky, but not magnet. In contrast, Alaska, which ranks near the top of the magnet scale, is the least sticky of all states.
Here are some other extreme examples. New York is at the opposite end of the magnet scale, even though it is attractive to immigrants (移民) from other nations. Another extreme example is Texas. Although it is a fairly weak magnet, it is the nation’s stickiest state.
The study went on to explore the reasons why movers leave their home states and stayers remain. As for movers, there is no single factor that influences their decisions to move to other states. The most common reason they gave for moving is to seek job or business opportunities. Others report moving for personal reasons: family ties, the desire to live in a good community for their children, or retirement.
4．Which statement describes a magnet state
A．Few adults born there have stayed.
B．Few adults living there were born elsewhere.
C．Many adults born there have stayed.
D．Many adults living there were born elsewhere.
5．What is mainly talked about in this passage
A．Moving patterns of Americans. B．Collecting method of moving data.
C．Benefits of living in a good community. D．Reasons for some states’ less popularity.
6．Which state attracts most foreigners
A．Florida. B．Alaska. C．New York. D．Texas.
7．What topic might follow the last paragraph
A．Ways to raise children, B．Reasons why not move.
C．States attracting immigrants. D．Types of welcomed occupations.
Back in the day, people called putting up wallpaper together the ultimate test for one’s patience, but this isn’t as relevant anymore nowadays as it was then. Want to see someone’s deepest, darkest self Watch them try to work with a bad and slow Internet connection. Everyone who spends every day working on a computer knows how frustrating slow Internet can be. In fact, there’s a very cheap way to boost your WiFi signal if it could do with an improvement. All you need is an empty, clean can, a knife, and a pair of scissors.
Make sure the can you’re using is dry and clean. Take off the can tab (拉环) and cut the bottom off. Then start cutting off the top, but don’t cut it all the way, making sure to leave around half an inch of the can attaching the top to the rest of the can. At this point, you can turn the can up side down; the former top will now serve as the can’s base. Cut the can along the side so you can open it up completely. Be careful when doing this- the edges of the can are sharp. Consider wearing gloves to avoid cutting yourself.
If your router (路由器) has an antenna (天线), you should let the antenna be able to go through the drinking hole at the bottom of the base. If your router has no antenna, make sure that the can is behind the router, and that the router’s front is facing in the direction toward which you want to boost the signal.
While the boost to your Wi-Fi may be fairly minimal, you will still notice a change in your Internet speed or consistency. However, this is unlikely to work if your target item is more than a few feet outside of your router’s Wi-Fi range.
8．What do putting up wallpaper and working with slow Internet have in common
A．Both are difficult to improve. B．Both can test one’s patience.
C．Both cost a lot of money. D．Both build relationship.
9．Which part of a can is used as the new base of the can booster
A．The side. B．The edge. C．The bottom. D．The top.
10．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．We have different kinds of routers. B．The theory of can boosters is simple.
C．Methods of setting can boosters vary. D．Router with an antenna is more powerful.
11．What is the disadvantage when we use the can to boost the signal
A．The edges of the can are dangerous. B．The boost is too small to be noticed.
C．The router’s Wi-Fi has a narrow range. D．The can can’t be opened up completely.
Georgia's public university system will not rename any of its 75 buildings with ties to slavery (奴隶制) or racial segregation (种族隔离), explaining that “history can teach us important lessons”. “The purpose of history is to instruct,” the Board of Regents for Georgia’s public university system wrote in a statement. “History can teach us important lessons, lessons that if understood and applied can make Georgia and its people stronger.”
The board(董事会) voted universally on Monday against such changes, nearly a year after it established a committee to study the names and potential changes. The internal committee had advised that changes be made to 75 buildings on campus that are named after Confederate leaders and others.
People in support of making changes to the names blamed the board following its decision on Monday. “The decision by Georgia s Board of Regents to keep the names of known racists and segregationists of the state' s public colleges and universities is not surprising. It demonstrates to us the board’s support for racism,” a group called Rename Grady said in a statement.
Some schools also established teams of experts to investigate whether building names or statues were regarded insensitive due to their connections to slavery, racial segregation or the mistreatment of American Indians in the history. Towson University, for example, removed the names of slave owners from two dormitory halls earlier this year. In Chicago, the public school system promised to rename 30 buildings bearing the names of slaveholders.
Other schools, however, have taken the same path as Georgia s public university system and chose against changing names. The Board of Trustees at Washington and Lee University voted earlier this year to keep its name, which partly honors Robert E. Lee, the commander of the Confederate States Army.
12．Why will Georgia’s public university system refuse to change building names
A．The names have a long history.
B．The names was decided by the board.
C．The names remind Georgia of going forward.
D．The names have no connections to racists and segregationists.
13．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．The board. B．The decision. C．The statement. D．The committee.
14．What do the examples in Paragraph 4 imply
A．Not every school has taken the same path.
B．Building names or statues should not be changed.
C．The teams of experts some schools established are powerful.
D．Building names or statues were regarded sensitive by some people.
15．What is the author’s attitude towards the renaming action
A．Approval. B．Objective. C．Unconcerned. D．Unfavourable.
Here are some incredibly useful websites on the Internet that will help you to solve at least one problem really well. And they all have cool Uniform Resource Locators(URL) that are easy to memorize thus saving you a trip to Google.
Befrienders Worldwide
Befrienders Worldwide is a charity that helps people who are experiencing emotional trouble. They have 349 emotional support centers in 32 countries, reaching an estimated 7 million people each year. Volunteers listen without judging people or telling them what to do, and can be contacted by phone, SMS, internet chat or in person, depending on location.
BullyingCanada
BullyingCanada is the only national anti -bullying (反霸凌) charity dedicated to creating a brighter future for bullied youth. It began as a youth-created website bringing together bullied kids and providing information on bullying and how to stop it. The website is now a full 24/7 support service. On any day of the year, at any time, youth, parents, coaches, and teachers contact us by phone, text, online chat, and email for help on how to stop bullying. Our Support Team consists of hundreds of highly-trained volunteers.
Cheapism
At Cheapism, we believe you can live well no matter what your budget is. The New York Times has called us “a Consumer Reporting for the Cheap”, and other media outlets have named us “Best Shopping Site” or “Best for Being Frugal” On , you'll find carefully researched buying guides and price comparisons, charming slide shows, and common-sense advice.

was founded in 2014 in Austin, Texas. Our goal is to create positive experiences for both businesses and customers. has continued to grow, inspire and bring changes across industries. With a team of talented engineers, designers, and thoughtful leaders from around the globe, the platform has become a powerful system that makes running your business simple and enjoyable.
16．Which website best suits a girl who just quarreled with her parents
A．Befrienders Worldwide. B．Cheapism.
C．. D．BullyingCanada.
17．What do the first two websites have in common
A．Both mainly aim to help youths.
B．Both provide full 24/7 support service.
C．Both possess highly- trained volunteers.
D．Both can be contacted in different ways.
18．What is it that makes platform a powerful system
A．Its long history. B．Its positive experiences.
C．Its outstanding service team. D．Its simple and enjoyable business.
Do you think the order of practice potentially facilitates learning outcomes without increasing the amount of practice A study was conducted to examine how different training schedules influence throwing performance.
In this study, elementary school students threw a tennis ball at a target laid on the floor. They threw the ball from three throwing locations at distances of 3, 4, and 5 meters from the target. The target consisted of the center (20cm wide) and nine larger outer rings. They served as zones to indicate the accuracy of the throws.
The students were assigned to one of three practice groups: Blocked, Random, or Combined. All students were instructed to use an overarm throwing motion to try to hit the center of the target with the ball. On the first day of this study, they each completed a total of 81 practice throws.
Students in the Blocked group threw 27 times from one of the three throwing locations, followed by 27 throws from the next location, and ended practice with 27 throws from the final location. In the Random group, each student threw the ball 81 times in the order of throwing locations that the researchers had specified. No more than two continuous throws were allowed from the same location for this group. In the Combined group, the students started with a blocked schedule and gradually shifted to a random schedule. On the next day, all students completed a performance test of 12 throws.
Results showed that during the practice of 81 throws, the Blocked group performed worse than the other two groups. Performance test scores were also analyzed. The Combined group showed the best performance among the three groups, followed by the Random group and then by the Blocked group. It is still uncertain if similar results can be obtained for adults in training programs for other throwing actions, such as those seen in bowling, baseball, and basketball. This will be addressed in the following section.
19．Who might be interested most in the study result
A．Ball sellers. B．Sports coaches.
C．Long-distance runners. D．Elementary school teachers.
20．How many throws does a student perform in total
A．39. B．81. C．93. D．162.
21．What do we learn about the Blocked group
A．Various throwing motions are involved.
B．The distance from the target remained unchanged.
C．All throws were made from the same initial throwing location.
D．Throwers can throw three times in a row from the same location.
22．What will most likely be discussed next in this report
A．Training of underhand throws.
B．Younger students’ movements.
C．Overarm throws with eyes closed.
D．Various kinds of throwing motions.
Over the past few years, the amount and types of data available on the Internet and, in particular, the speed at which we can process the data, have increased to an extent few people could have imagined. As a result, many new business models have appeared.
One such model is a large corporation arranging to have another company, often located in a different country, perform essential tasks. This became possible with the growth of reliable and secure communications and the ability to move massive amounts of data over long distances in an instant. A company in the United States, for instance, first scans all its bills, orders, and wage payments into the computer and sends the documents to an accounting center in, say, Costa Rica. Basic accounting activity is then carried out at that site. Next, the data is returned via the Internet to the original company, where high- level analysis is done.
A second model is one in which work is divided into smaller, more specific tasks performed by individuals in different geographical locations. For example, specialists living at a great distance from each other can work together to produce a new semiconductor (半导体) design. A member of the group living in California does some initial work on the project and uploads the result onto a server. A colleague in Japan makes further additions to the design. Next, someone in Israel accesses it and does his/her part of the job. Finally the group member in California downloads it and gives it a final check. Thus, specialists in different parts of the world team cooperate to complete a single project.
Now, more and more people are taking advantage of the career opportunities that the IT Revolution has opened up. In this way, the best talent in the world can be chosen for each task wherever he or she is.
23．What factors are most considered by those companies using the first model
A．Safety and rapidity. B．Origin and popularity.
C．Location and material. D．Economy and ecology.
24．Which project could take the second business model
A．To set up a pet hospital. B．To hold the Olympic Games.
C．To create a travelling guidebook. D．To organizing an important exam.
25．What is the benefit the IT Revolution brings according to the text
A．Simplifying workers' schedules. B．Increasing the career opportunities.
C．Satisfying the demand of customers. D．Reducing the cost of doing business.
26．Which of the following might the author agree with
A．All the work can be done digitally.
B．Doing business relies on location less and less.
C．Specialists don't need to go to company.
D．The increasing of speed at processing the data is predictable.
Bridges are one of the best constructional inventions. You may be surprised to see that some old bridges are still standing and used by tourists. Some of the more modern bridges, on the other hand, reach breathtaking heights and are not for the faint of heart (胆小鬼).
The Bridge of Immortals (China)
The Bridge of Immortals connects the Huangshan mountain ranges in southern Anhui Province of eastern China. The bridge is terrifying to cross but the views are definitely rewarding and the photographs are pretty special too. The drop below is pretty dramatic and if you decide to cross, we only have a piece of advice to offer you crazy adventurers... Don’t look down!
Hussaini Hanging Bridge (Pakistan)
Hussaini Hanging Bridge is considered to be the most dangerous bridge in the world. This rope bridge is poorly maintained and shakes wildly when you walk across it. If you take a wrong step, you’ll end up flying into the Hunza River below.
Langkawi Sky Bridge (Malaysia)
This curious looking bridge in Malaysia is 400 feet above the ground and has been closed several times for maintenance purposes. Its reopening was delayed several times but it is now open for use, although not many people actually want to cross. There was a rumor (传闻) claiming that the bridge can potentially collapse.
Seven Mile Bridge (Florida)
The Seven Mile Bridge can be found in the Florida Keys and connects the Middle Keys to Little Duck Key in the Lower Keys. When it was constructed, it was one of the longest bridges in the world. It won 8 awards and one of these was the Exceptional Award for Cost Savings Innovation from the Federal Highway Administration.
27．Which of the following bridges is most welcomed by photographers
A．The Bridge of Immortals. B．Hussaini Hanging Bridge.
C．Langkawi Sky Bridge. D．Seven Mile Bridge.
28．Why is Hussaini Hanging Bridge considered the most dangerous bridge in the world
A．It’s made of rope. B．It’s above the river.
C．It is in poor condition. D．The drop below is dramatic.
29．What is special about Seven Mile Bridge
A．It once had a lot of honors. B．It reaches breathtaking height.
C．It cost a big sum of money to built. D．It was the longest bridge in the world.
A new study suggested that some grandmothers may hold a deeper bond with their grandchildren than their own children. James Riling of Emory University in Atlanta published the study in The Royal Society last week. His team surveyed 50 grandmothers with at least one biological grandchild between three and twelve years old. They also measured the brain function as the participants viewed pictures of their grandchild, an unknown child, the same sex parent of the grandchild and an unknown adult.
Researchers found that grandmothers viewing grandchild pictures activated parts of the brain that involved emotional empathy and movement. In contrast, the study also found that when grandmothers viewed images of their adult child, they showed stronger activation in an area of the brain associated with cognitive empathy (认知同理心). That indicates they may be trying to cognitively understand what their adult child is thinking or feeling, but not as much from the emotional side.
Compared with results from an earlier study by the Rilling lab of fathers viewing photos of their Children, results showed that grandmothers activated more parts of the brain that involved emotional empathy and motivation. That suggests that grandmothers are intended to feel what their grandchildren are feeling when they interact with them.
“In many societies, grandmothers are important caregivers, and their investment is often associated with improved grandchild well-being,” the study’s authors wrote. It’s part of the reason why the US celebrates Grandparents’ Day each year on the first Sunday after Labor Day in September. Former President Jimmy Carter signed the proclamation (公告) in 1978. “Because they are usually free to love and guide and befriend the young without having to take the daily responsibility for them, they can reach out past pride and fear of failure and close the space between generations,” the proclamation read.
30．What can be inferred about the study
A．200 children’s pictures are used.
B．Young couples could be surveyed.
C．The participants’ brains are monitored.
D．Biological child’s picture is sure to be viewed.
31．What might be grandparents doing if their grandchild is smiling
A．Feeling the child’s joy. B．Feeling the child’s distress.
C．Trying to show activation. D．Trying to understand why.
32．Why does the author mention an earlier study in Paragraph 3
A．To give a proof. B．To explain a rule.
C．To clarify a concept. D．To introduce a theory.
33．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning grandparents
A．Their received honor. B．Their disadvantages.
C．Their responsibility. D．Their contribution.
For many travelers these days, finding a way to make travel more meaningful has become a top priority. They are increasingly pursuing journeys that include time to volunteer, work on a conservation project, protect endangered animals or to do other activities that allow for giving back while exploring a new part of the world. Here are some opportunities that combine travel with doing good deeds.
The Azores
The trips offer the opportunity to work on carefully selected projects alongside famous scientists while also enjoying encounters with some of the world’s most fascinating sea creatures in water. It allows participants to join a research team in the Azores that s studying the animals to support future conservation of the species. Advanced diving experience is required.
Red Sea, Egypt
Combining an opportunity for world-class diving with being part of an important research effort conducted by Hurghada Environmental Protection and Conservation Association. The seven-night trip includes learning how to gather water data with state -of- the -art scientific equipment and conducting onboard and underwater experiments.
Australia
Explore Queensland, Australia, while also supporting a registered charity that rescues farm animals from abuse, neglect, and situations where they’re in danger. Participants help with daily cleaning of barns (牲口圈) and cages. feeding, health checks, light repair, monitoring animals’ movements, and intensive care of ill, old and baby animals. The experience includes free accommodations with Wi Fi and a swimming pool.
Romania
Work with bears at Romania’s largest bear sanctuary (庇护所), a place that was created as a heaven for bears that have been abused. Located in the Carpathian Mountains, the sanctuary needs volunteers to help with preparing food, monitoring animal well-being and leading conservation tours. The sanctuary is home to 84 bears, with 20 more due to be rescued.
34．What do the first two trips have in common
A．Both involve underwater activities.
B．Both provide free accommodations.
C．Both require advanced diving experience.
D．Both teach how to use scientific equipment.
35．Which place best suits a girl who likes horses
A．The Azores. B．Red Sea. C．Australia. D．Romania.
36．Why are the bears adopted by the sanctuary in Romania
A．They have no food. B．They are badly treated.
C．They should be monitored. D．They need to live in mountains.
参考答案：
1．B
2．C
3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三处滑雪胜地。
1．推理判断题。根据Breckenridge部分的“With so much to offer, Breckenridge makes for a great ski resort that suits all budgets.(有这么多的提供，Breckenridge是一个伟大的滑雪胜地，适合所有预算。)”可知，Breckenridge适合所有预算的游客，也就是说如果你是一个预算紧张的初学者，你可以选择Breckenridge。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Aspen Snowmass部分的“Aspen is the ultimate ski destination for the rich and has evolved into four separate ski areas(Aspen是富人的终极滑雪目的地，现已发展成四个独立的滑雪场)”和“They’re all linked by a shuttle system, accessible with a single ticket(它们都由一个穿梭系统连接，一张票就能到达)”可知，关于Aspen Snowmass，我们了解到一张票可以到四个滑雪区域，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据Breckenridge部分的“it can also get discouragingly crowded(它也会变得令人沮丧地拥挤)”和最后一段关于Jackson Hole部分的“Crowds can also be an issue(人群也可能是一个问题)”可知，两个景点的共同缺点是人多拥挤，故选D。
4．D
5．A
6．C
7．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国城市居民迁移的特点。
4．细节理解题。由第一段第二、三句“The study examined each state to determine how many of its adult citizens have moved there from other states. States with high percentages of these residents are called ‘magnet states’ in the report. (该研究调查了每个州，以确定有多少成年公民已经从其他州搬到那里。在报告中，这些居民中比例较高的州被称为“磁铁州”。)”可知，居民中由其他州迁移到本州占比较高的州为“磁铁州”，也就是在这样的州，许多住在那里的成年人都出生在其他地方。故选D。
5．主旨大意题。由第一段第一句“A study recently looked into the state to state moving patterns of Americans.(最近的一项研究调查了美国人的移动模式)”可知，文章的内容主要是关于美国城市人口的迁移模式。故选A。
6．推理判断题。由第三段第二句“New York is at the opposite end of the magnet scale, even though it is attractive to immigrants (移民) from other nations. (尽管纽约对来自其他国家的移民很有吸引力，但它的吸引力却处于磁铁天平的另一端)”可知，纽约市吸引大多数外国居民。故选C。
7．推理判断题。由文中最后一段第一句“The study went on to explore the reasons why movers leave their home states and stayers remain.(这项研究继续探索了迁移者离开他们的家乡州和滞留者留下的原因。)”以及接下来的“As for movers...”可知，研究要探索离开和留守的原因，前面分析的是离开的原因，那么接下来就应该分析留守的原因了。故选B。
8．B
9．D
10．C
11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何自制网络信号放大器。
8．推理判断题。由第一段中的“Back in the day, people called putting up wallpaper together the ultimate test for one’s patience(过去，人们把贴墙纸称为对一个人耐心的终极考验)”和“Want to see someone’s deepest, darkest self Watch them try to work with a bad and slow Internet connection.(想看到一个人最深最黑暗的一面吗？看看他们如何在网速较慢的情况下工作)”可知，贴墙纸和信号不好都会考验人的耐心。故选B。
9．细节理解题。由第二段的“the former top will now serve as the can’s base(以前的顶部现在将作为罐子的底部)”可知，易拉罐之前的顶部现在成为了放大器的底部。故选D。
10．主旨大意题。由第三段中的“If your router (路由器) has an antenna(如果你的路由器有天线)”和“If your router has no antenna(如果你的路由器没有天线)”可知，这一段讲的是针对不同路由器，网络信号放大器的放置方法不同。故选C。
11．推理判断题。由全文最后一句“However, this is unlikely to work if your target item is more than a few feet outside of your router’s Wi-Fi range.(然而，如果你的目标产品在路由器Wi-Fi范围之外几英尺以外，这就不太可能奏效。)”可知，网络信号放大器的缺点是适用范围较小。故选C。
12．C
13．B
14．D
15．B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讨论了美国的大学对于更换与奴隶制或种族隔离制度有关的建筑物名称所采取的不同态度和举措。
12．细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“History can teach us important lessons, lessons that if understood and applied can make Georgia and its people stronger.(历史可以给我们上重要的一课，如果能够理解和应用历史，就可以使格鲁吉亚及其人民更加强大。)”可知，学校认为历史能使人更强大，催人奋进。故选C项。
13．词句猜测题。 由It 前面的一句“The decision by Georgia's Board of Regents to keep the names of known racists and segregationists of the state's public colleges and universities is not surprising.(乔治亚州董事会决定保留该州公立学院和大学中已知的种族主义者和种族隔离主义者的名字，这并不令人惊讶。) ”可知，这里是在继续谴责“这个决定”，因为它昭示了委员会对种族主义的支持，此处it指“这个决定”。故选B项。
14．推理判断题。由第四段第一句“Some schools also established teams of experts to investigate whether building names or statues were regarded insensitive due to their connections to slavery, racial segregation or the mistreatment of American Indians in the history.(一些学校还成立了专家小组，调查建筑名称或雕像是否因为与历史上的奴隶制、种族隔离或美国印第安人的虐待有关而被认为是不敏感的。)”可知，有的大学成立专家组调查人们对建筑物名称是否无感，后面所举的更多的例子说明有人对这些建筑物名称是很敏感的。故选C项。
15．推理判断题。通读全文，根据“History can teach us important lessons, lessons that if understood and applied can make Georgia and its people stronger.(历史可以给我们上重要的一课，如果能够理解和应用历史，就可以使格鲁吉亚及其人民更加强大。)”以及“The board(董事会) voted universally on Monday against such changes, nearly a year after it established a committee to study the names and potential changes.(该公司董事会在周一举行的投票中普遍反对此类更改。在此之前，该公司成立了一个委员会来研究这些名称和可能的更改。)”可知，文章既有支持的例子也有反对的例子，由此可知作者对此事的态度是客观的。故选B项。
16．A
17．D
18．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了四个提供帮助型的网站。
16．细节理解题。由第一个网站的介绍“Befrienders Worldwide is a charity that helps people who are experiencing emotional trouble.( Befrienders Worldwide是一个慈善机构，旨在帮助那些有情感问题的人。) ”可知，如果正在经历情感情绪方面的问题，可以联系该网站。Befrienders Worldwide网站最适合刚和父母吵架的女孩。故选A项。
17．细节理解题。由第一个网站介绍的最后一句“Volunteers listen without judging people or telling them what to do, and can be contacted by phone, SMS, internet chat or in person, depending on location.(志愿者们在聆听时不会评判别人或告诉他们该做什么，他们可以通过电话、短信、网络聊天或当面联系，具体取决于所处的位置。)”和第二个网站介绍的倒数第二句“On any day of the year, at any time, youth, parents, coaches, and teachers contact us by phone, text, online chat, and email for help on how to stop bullying.(在一年中的任何一天，任何时候，青少年、家长、教练和老师通过电话、短信、在线聊天和电子邮件联系我们，寻求如何停止霸凌的帮助。)”可知，两个网站都提供了多样化的求助联系途径。故选D项。
18．细节理解题。由最后一段“With a team of talented engineers, designers, and thoughtful leaders from around the globe, the platform has become a powerful system.(我们拥有一支由来自世界各地的天才工程师、设计师和有思想的领导者组成的团队。平台已经成为一个功能强大的系统)”可知，网站平台系统功能强大的原因源于它出色的服务团队。故选C项。
19．B
20．C
21．D
22．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项投掷实验，结论是不同的投掷次序会带来不同的投掷成绩。
19．推理判断题。根据第一段的“A study was conducted to examine how different training schedules influence throwing performance.(一项研究调查了不同的训练计划如何影响投掷成绩。)”可知，本文主要讲的是一项对不同的训练计划如何影响投掷成绩的研究，因此体育教练可能对研究结果最感兴趣，故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据第三段“On the first day of this study, they each completed a total of 81 practice throws.(在研究的第一天，他们每个人总共完成了81次练习。)”和第四段“On the next day, all students completed a performance test of 12 throws.(第二天，所有学生完成了12次投掷的表演测试。)”可知，一个学生在两天里总共的投掷次数为(81+12=93)次。故选C。
21．推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Students in the Blocked group threw 27 times from one of the three throwing locations, followed by 27 throws from the next location, and ended practice with 27 throws from the final location.(Blocked组的学生在三个投掷点中的一个投掷了27次，然后在下一个投掷点投掷了27次，最后在最后一个投掷点投掷了27次。)”可知，Blocked组的学生从三个投掷位置中的第一个投掷 27次，然后从下一个位置投掷27次，最后从最后一个位置投掷27次，学生在每个位置都能投掷27次，因此必然能够“在同一个地点连续投掷3次”，故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It is still uncertain if similar results can be obtained for adults in training programs for other throwing actions, such as those seen in bowling, baseball, and basketball. This will be addressed in the following section.(目前还不确定的是，在其他投掷动作（如保龄球、棒球和篮球）的训练项目中，是否可以得到类似的结果。这将在下一节中解决。)”可知，下文将继续讨论不同的投掷动作对投掷成绩的影响。故选D。
23．A
24．C
25．B
26．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了两种商业模式及其特点和应用。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段的“This became possible with the growth of reliable and secure communications and the ability to move massive amounts of data over long distances in an instant.(随着可靠和安全通信的发展，以及瞬间长距离传输大量数据的能力，这成为可能。) ”可知，对于第一种商业模式来说，安全性和快捷性是很重要的。故选A项。
24．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“A second model is one in which work is divided into smaller, more specific tasks performed by individuals in different geographical locations.(第二种模式是将工作分成更小、更具体的任务，由不同地理位置的个人完成。)”可知，信息技术革命带来的第二种商业模式是可以由身处不同地理位置的人执行， C项“设计一份旅游指南”可由身处不同地理位置的人协同完成，与文章内容一致。故选C项。
25．推理判断题。根据最后一段“more and more people are taking advantage of the career opportunities that the IT Revolution has opened up(越来越多的人正在利用信息技术革命带来的职业机会)”可知，信息技术革命“提升了就业机会”。故选B项。
26．推理判断题。根据原文对两种商业模式的介绍可知，随着信息科技和信息技术革命的发展，不同地理位置的人和公司可以协同办公。再根据最后一段“ In this way, the best talent in the world can be chosen for each task wherever he or she is.”（这样，无论他或她在哪里，都可以为每一项任务选择世界上最好的人才）由此判断出，作者可能同意做生意越来越不依赖地理位置。故选B项。
27．A
28．C
29．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四座桥及其它的特点。
27．推理判断题。由第二段第二句“The bridge is terrifying to cross but the views are definitely rewarding and the photographs are pretty special too.(过桥很可怕，但风景绝对是值得的，照片也很特别) ”可知，The Bridge of Immortals (China)拍的照片非常特别，由此推知它是最受摄影师喜欢的一座桥。故选A项。
28．细节理解题。由第三段第二句“This rope bridge is poorly maintained and shakes wildly when you walk across it.(这座索桥维护不善，当你走过它时，会剧烈地摇晃)”可知，Hussaini Hanging Bridge (Pakistan)这座桥危险的原因是桥本身的状况很糟糕。故选C项。
29．细节理解题。由最后一段最后一句“It won 8 awards and one of these was the Exceptional Award for Cost Savings Innovation from the Federal Highway Administration.(它获得了8个奖项，其中一个是联邦公路管理局颁发的成本节约创新特别奖)”可知，Seven Mile Bridge (Florida)这座桥特殊的地方在于曾获得多项荣誉。故选A项。
30．C
31．A
32．A
33．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究的结果：祖母和孙辈之间的情感更加深厚。
30．推理判断题。根据第一段“They also measured the brain function as the participants viewed pictures of their grandchild, an unknown child, the same sex parent of the grandchild and an unknown adult.(他们还测量了参与者在观看她们的孙辈、一个不认识的孩子、孙辈的同性父母和一个不认识的成年人的照片时的大脑功能)”可知，他们还会测量参与者的大脑功能，由此可推知参与者的大脑被监测。故选C项。
31．推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchers found that grandmothers viewing grandchild pictures activated parts of the brain that involved emotional empathy and movement.(研究人员发现，祖母观看孙辈的照片激活了大脑中涉及情感移情和运动的部分)”可知，祖母观看孙辈的照片时会激活她们大脑中有关情感同理心的部分，也就是说她们和孙辈会有情感上的共鸣，由此可知，当她们看到孙辈在笑时，她们能体会到孩子的快乐。故选A项。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchers found that grandmothers viewing grandchild pictures activated parts of the brain that involved emotional empathy and movement.(研究人员发现，祖母观看孙辈的照片激活了大脑中涉及情感移情和运动的部分)”以及第三段“Compared with results from an earlier study by the Rilling lab of fathers viewing photos of their Children, results showed that grandmothers activated more parts of the brain that involved emotional empathy and motivation. That suggests that grandmothers are intended to feel what their grandchildren are feeling when they interact with them. (与瑞林实验室早些时候对父亲观看孩子照片的研究结果相比，结果显示祖母激活了大脑中更多涉及情感移情和动机的部分。这意味着祖母们想要感受到她们的孙辈与她们互动时的感受)”可知，祖母们看到孙辈的照片时，会激活大脑中的情感同理心部分，作者提到先前的研究是为了证明这一观点。故选A项。
33．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In many societies, grandmothers are important caregivers, and their investment is often associated with improved grandchild well-being,(在许多社会中，祖母是重要的照顾者，她们的付出往往与改善孙辈的福祉有关)”可知，本段主要讲述祖父母所做出的贡献。故选D项。
34．A
35．C
36．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四处旅游地点。
34．细节理解题。根据The Azores部分的“The trips offer the opportunity to work on carefully selected projects alongside famous scientists while also enjoying encounters with some of the world’s most fascinating sea creatures in water.(这些旅程提供了与著名科学家一起从事精心挑选的项目的机会，同时也享受与一些世界上最迷人的海洋生物在水中相遇的乐趣。)”和Red Sea, Egypt部分的“Combining an opportunity for world-class diving with being part of an important research effort(既是世界级潜水的机会，也是重要研究工作的一部分)”和“The seven-night trip includes learning how to gather water data with state -of- the -art scientific equipment and conducting onboard and underwater experiments.(7个晚上的旅行包括学习如何用最先进的科学设备收集水数据，以及进行船上和水下实验。)”可知，两者都有水下活动。故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据Australia部分的“Explore Queensland, Australia, while also supporting a registered charity that rescues farm animals from abuse, neglect, and situations where they’re in danger.(探索澳大利亚昆士兰，同时也支持一个注册的慈善机构，该机构拯救农场动物，使它们免受虐待、忽视和危险。)”可推知，这里可能有马，最适合喜欢马的女孩，故选C。
36．推理判断题。由文章最后一段的“Work with bears at Romania’s largest bear sanctuary (庇护所), a place that was created as a heaven for bears that have been abused.(在罗马尼亚最大的熊保护区和熊一起工作，这里是被虐待的熊的天堂。)”可知，这些熊会被罗马尼亚的保护区收养是因为它们受到虐待。故选B。阅读理解
Video conferencing has been around for more than 20 years. Until the Covid-19 pandemic, though, you would find that many people needing to attend a meeting remotely would be calling from a real conference room full of their teammates. Today, we’re routinely holding video conferences that are 100% virtual (虚拟). And this is creating a problem that technology can’t fix.
The problem is us, specifically the fact that we haven’t evolved (进化) socially to the point where we can bear much separation. So much of our well-being and work productivity is decided on how close we are physically. The removal of that for any period of time can be severely damaging. One aspect surprisingly affected by social distancing is laughter.
Normally people laugh about 18 times per day. And 97% of that time we’re laughing with others—we are 30 times more likely to laugh with others than to laugh alone. Think about it; how often does it happen—when you and your friends laugh at something, is that something actually funny Research shows that 80% of what people laugh at is really not that funny.
So why do people laugh They laugh in order to laugh with others. Just as everyone starts yawning (打哈欠) when just one person yawns, most people can’t help but laugh when those around them do. This is why TV comedy shows often use prerecorded laugh tracks (音轨).
Laughing in response to other people’s laughing is not just a behavioral phenomenon. When we laugh, our body produces two key chemicals: endorphin which helps relieve pain and sets off feelings of pleasure, and dopamine which can improve learning, motivation and attention. In fact, studies show that people can stand 15% more pain simply by laughing for a few minutes beforehand. Laughter is also associated with higher motivation and productivity at work.
In today’s home-alone, virtual-team world, this is exactly what you as a team leader should be doing: for your team members to stay healthy and productive, you need to get them to laugh more and stress less.
1．Why is video conferencing mentioned at the beginning
A．To show a fact. B．To entertain readers.
C．To introduce the topic. D．To summarize the passage.
2．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Laughing starts with yawning in groups.
B．Laughing comes more easily in groups.
C．Laugh tracks are popular in comedy shows.
D．Laughing is uncontrollable in conferences.
3．What can we learn from Paragraph 5
A．Laughing with others is out of politeness.
B．Laughing is the only way to reduce pain.
C．Laughing improves physical and mental health.
D．Laughing leads to a higher position in the workplace.
4．What would the author most probably discuss next
A．Specific steps to produce laughter in a team.
B．Other factors that may influence a team’s health.
C．Ways to tell the real world from the virtual world.
D．The importance of maintaining work productivity.
Ma Long has had a good student image since childhood Ma, born in Anshan, Liaoning, the “hone of table tennis”, was sent by his father to practice table tennis when he was 5 years old, and he went to Shenyang at the age of 11. At 15, Ma Long joined the national team. Although he was the least talkative boy of the players, his perseverance (坚持不懈) was as great as his overall strength in table tennis. In 2006, at 18, Ma Long, together with his teammates, won a team world championship.
Behind early fame of the genius is Ma Long’s almost paranoid (偏执的) strictness towards himself. His daily routine throughout four seasons was a two—point line between the dormitory and the training hall, and he was the first to arrive and the last to leave on a daily basis. He had been doing so for ten years, monotonously and repetitively. His coach Liu Guoliang once said, “I went to the table tennis hall on a Sunday morning for an unannounced inspection to see how many players were training on Sunday. Only one person in the men’s first team was there… A genius is not your fear, but your fear is that a genius works harder than you do.” Such a genius is Ma Long.
However, after joining the team for nearly a decade, he suffered various types of failure, and thus was questioned by everyone. At that time, Zhang Jike, another top player, returned to the national team. From then on, Zhang was so invincible that he achieved the personal Grand Slam (大满贯) within only 445 days, which was done in the shortest time in record. Seeing Zhang’s achievements, Ma Long, at the lowest point, had the idea of retiring. But he was unwilling to just “disappear”.
Then came the Suzhou 2015 World Championship, Ma Long crowned his career, winning the singles champion, and it had been ten years since he won a world championship last time. This title seemed to give him new prospect and all of his efforts paid off.
5．What can we know about Ma Long in Paragraph 1
A．He was an outgoing and sociable person.
B．He won the first world singles championship at 18.
C．He started to practice at S in the absence of his parents.
D．He stood out for his determination and professional skills.
6．What can we infer about Ma Long according to Liu Guoliang
A．Years of training witnessed his loneliness.
B．He was worn—out and under inspection every day.
C．Hardship and fears swallowed him without mercy.
D．The road to fame was never smooth but rather tough.
7．What does the underlined word “invincible” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Approachable B．Matchless. C．Selfless. D．Unbearable.
8．What is the suitable title for the text
A．Ma Long: Pain Is Worthy of a Champion
B．Ma Long: Victory Deserves Focus of Attention
C．Ma Long: Glory Is Bound to Fade Away
D．Ma Long: Chance Favors the Intelligent
After taking a few steps back to get a running start, Hadj Benhalima dashed toward the building, pushed against its wall with his foot, pushed himself upward and stretched out his arm.
At the peak of his leap, he fingered oft a light switch, more than 1o feet off the ground. The bright lights of a nearby barbershop went off instantly
Groups of young athletes practicing Parkour—the practice of passing obstacles in a man—made or natural environment through the use of running, vaulting (腾跃), jumping, climbing, rolling, and other movements in order to travel from one point to another in the quickest and most efficient way possible without the use of equipment—have been swinging around big French cities switching off wasteful shop signs at night, in an effort to fight light pollution and save energy.
These so—called Light Off operations have become extra popular in recent months, with France embarking on energy conservation efforts.
Paris, the City of Light, is a favorite target. While its landmark monuments now go dark earlier than usual, many store signs still stay lit all night.
“Everyone can contribute in their own way” to save energy, said Kevin Ha, the leader of the Paris—based Op he Spot Parkour group, with about 20 members. “We put our physical abilities to good use.”
Enforcing the orders in place of the authorities certainly enters a legal gray area. But the group said all the police officers they have met during their rounds have approved of their deeds—as long as it causes no damage.
9．Which of the following options is NOT Parkour’s feature
A．It doesn’t need any tools to assist movement.
B．It can only be practiced in an enclosed environment.
C．It aims to travel from one point to another in the quickest way.
D．It is practiced through running, vaulting, jumping, climbing, etc.
10．Why do young athletes in Paris take part in Parkour
A．To invite more youths to join them in competition.
B．To overcome physical boundaries and build fitness.
C．To reduce the consequences of energy consumption.
D．To tour around feeling the unique beauty of Paris at night.
11．What does Kevin Ha think of the Parkour participants
A．They are honest. B．They are creative. C．They are selfish. D．They are optimistic.
12．How did the police react to the Light Off operations of the young
A．They gave their unspoken agreement.
B．They took these actions as illegal.
C．They believed there must be damage caused.
D．They held an indifferent attitude towards them.
Done with Dragon’s Back and tired of the Twin Peaks Check out these lesser-known hikes in Hong Kong with rewarding views and fewer crowds on for size.
Tai Po Kau Forest Walk
Best for: Families
Tai Po Kau Forest Walk is located inside the Tai Po Kau Nature Reserve, a popular destination for nature lovers. It features different colour-coded trails (小径) which allow you to control the duration of your hike. This nature reserve is also home to various wildlife, so if you’re lucky, you might be able to see some resident owls or even fireflies. Another benefit is that Tai Po Kau has a thick forest which provides plenty of shade for the entire duration of the hike.
Distance: 3-10 km
Duration: 45 mins-3.5 hours
Difficulty: 2.5 out of 5
Little Hawaii
Best for: A waterfall hike
Known as the easiest waterfall hike in Hong Kong, Little Hawaii was once the water reservoir (水库) for factory in the 1900s. Now, it’s the perfect spot for a leisure walk. Altogether, there are 3 waterfall spots. As the highlight of the hike, you can go upstream to view the waterfall from a different angle.
Distance: 2.5 km
Duration: 1 hour
Difficulty: 1 out of 5
Wo Yeung Shan
Best for: Advanced hikers
As the fifth highest peak in Hong Kong, Wo Yeung Shan offers breathtaking views of the city. Those well-trained hikers who are up for challenge can even climb up the Wo Yeung Rocks for photos. You nay end the hike at Shing Mun Reservoir, where minibuses and taxis are available to return to the city.
Distance: 9.5 km
Duration: 4.5 hours
Difficulty: 3.5 out of 5
Lai Chi Wo
Best for: Heritage and wildlife
Explore the northeast comer of the New Territories through the old Hakka village of Lai Chi Wo and the Double Haven Geo Area. Along the well-paved trail, you will also be impressed by hundreds of species of wildlife here. Don’t miss the chance to check out the wetlands and fishponds around Double Haven too.
Distance: 16 km
Duration: 4.5 hours
Difficulty: 2.5 out of 5
13．What do Tai Po Kau Forest Walk and Lai Chi Wo have in common
A．They both feature various wildlife.
B．They are both with a water reservoir.
C．They are both friendly to beginner hikers.
D．They both provide free return minibuses and taxis.
14．What is special about Little Hawaii
A．It is well known as the highest peak in Hong Kong.
B．Its forest can shelter the hikers from direct sunshine.
C．It’s a perfect place to get to know some old villages.
D．It offers a good view of the waterfall if hikers go upstream.
15．Which hike might be your choice if you are an experienced hiker ready for challenge
A．Tao Po Kau forest Walk. B．Wo Yeung Shan.
C．Little Hawaii. D．Lai Chi Wo.
About 600,000 people die of heart attacks at home each year. And the survival rate (存活率) of out-of-hospital heart attacks is much lower than those that happen at the in-hospital setting.
Pumpstart, a program created by students at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) which is meant to teach hands-only CPR (心脏复苏术) to the general public, is effective in both teaching high school students a life-saving skill and providing medical students with a chance to take part in public health and medical education after several surveys.
High school students in the Boston area who joined in the Pumpstart program completed pre-/post surveys. The pre-surveys were carried out before they watched a 60-minute training session (培训课程) on hands-only CPR. And the post surveys were done after the training session. Medical students also completed surveys judging their comfort in learning CPR both before and after they took part in the program. The high school students reported huge improvements in CPR skills following their training from Pumpstart. And it was reported that the medical students had higher confidence levels regarding their abilities to answer questions about CPR and helping new medical students to better understand the training sessions after they joined in Pumpstart.
“Getting the general public to feel comfortable performing CPR is important to overall improved survival from heart attacks,” explained Anita Knopov, a fourth-year medical student at BUSM. “Using educational resources provided by the city medical center and offering training to inner-city high school students allow medical students to serve as both educators and experienced people in CPR within the community, while making high school students interested in the healthcare field (医疗领域). That’s what Pumpstart does.”
Knopov believes Pumpstart can serve as a model for other organizations and can have a long-term (长期的) public health influence as the bystander CPR continues to be one of the most useful factors in out-of-hospital (医院之外) heart attack survival. “Although Pumpstart is offered only in Boston, we hope that our work may stimulate the development of similar programs in other areas. And in that case we can use lots of new ‘Pumpstarts’ in other regions.”
16．What is the main purpose of Pumpstart
A．To change people’s lifestyle.
B．To train students to be healthy
C．To improve CPR skills of the public.
D．To provide medical care for communities.
17．What does Paragraph 4 imply
A．Pumpstart improves students self-confidence
B．Pumpstart performs CPR for people independently.
C．Pumpstart obviously reduces the risk of heart attacks
D．Pumpstart encourages students to work in the healthcare field
18．What does Anita Knopov think of the program
A．Pretty useful. B．Widely popular
C．Partly confusing. D．Fairly interesting
19．What does the underlined word “stimulate” in the last paragraph mean
A．Check B．Prevent
C．Encourage D．Slow
Have you gotten price shock lately when you looked at the cost of a new car It’s not your imagination .The average price of a new car is the highest ever for the first quarter, according to CNBC．At $33, 319, the price is about $1,000 more than in 2018. Because of that, new car sales dropped by as many as 2.5 million units compared to the same quarter last year.
You’d think the drop might concern car makers, but as it turns out, the increase of the price reflects a choice. Many carmakers are stopping producing less expensive cars in favor of SUVS and pickup trucks, which bring in bigger profits(利润).
“Carmakers always say they build what people want.” The Wall Street Journal reporter Dan Neil said. “But they never mention the fact that they spend billions telling people what they want. It wasn’t that consumers wanted to have a truck that was as big as a house. No, that was a gradual process. And it has been mainly pushed by carmakers because bigger equals more profits.”
In late 2018, Ford announced it was gradually stopping producing its Fiesta, Focus, and C-max models in the United States while continuing to make the Mustang and Focus Active. Other big carmakers did the same, with General Motors ending production of the Chevy Volt, Cruz, Impala, Buick Lacrosse. Cadillac XTS, and Cadillac CT6 in the United States. And Fiat Chrysler is putting the Dodge Dart and Chrysler 200 to an end. “I can tell you right now that both the Chrysler 200 and the Dodge Dart, as great products as they were, are the least financially rewarding business that we’ve carried out in the last eight years,” said Fiat Chrysler CEO.
So where does that leave consumers Well, if you’re in the market for an SUV or a top-of-the-line pickup truck, you can expect better features. But if you’re looking for a smaller, less expensive car you might be squeezed (挤)out of the market. More and more buyers are likely to look to used cars instead. But before car shopping, make sure you know the secrets car dealers don’t want to tell you.
20．What caused the drop in new car sales this year
A．The decline of cars quality B．The rising price of new cars
C．The change of market demand D．The decrease of carmakers’ number
21．What do Dans words imply about the car market
A．Carmakers always know the true need of consumers
B．Carmakers produce bigger cars because of the social trend
C．Consumers really depend less on carmakers in buying cars
D．Consumers’ shopping decisions are influenced by carmakers
22．Paragraph 4 suggests that carmakers production plans_________.
A．are driven by profits B．can be unwise sometimes
C．may influence the quality of cars D．fail to meet some people’s demands
23．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Most people don’t prefer small cars any more.
B．Producing small cars brings less profit to carmakers.
C．Small cars can’t provide better features for consumers.
D．Buying second-hand cars is a good choice for some people.
Do you want to travel the world Toronto-based travel company G Adventures has picked out the best places to visit in 2019.
Uzbekistan
In 2018, Uzbekistan relaxed its visa entry requirements(签证政策) by introducing a new e-visa for 51 countries, including Canada. Because of the easy visa entry requirements, it attracts more travellers. And G Adventures has seen a 72 percent increase in travellers to Uzbekistan. It’s no wonder that the beautiful buildings, historical importance and friendly people make Uzbekistan one of the best places to visit in 2019.
Taiwan China
Recently called by The New York Times “Asia’s most- food- obsessed (对食物着迷的) place”, Taiwan is heaven for travellers who enjoy food very much. Its culture shows through its busy cities natural landscapes (风景) and mouthwatering night markets。
Jordan
With year-over-year traveller growth of 71 percent for G Adventures, it’s probably safe to say that Jordan is back. Travellers can see Petras amazing tombs and ancient buildings carved (雕刻) into rock walls, and learn about Bedouin culture during an overnight stay in the desert.
Iceland
Winter is coming, and so is the craze for places in the north as the final season of Game of Thrones again shows its filming locations to audience. Iceland is no exception. The beautiful landscapes of this island nation offer perhaps the closest thing one can have to an out-of-body travel experience. From the building of Reykjavik to the black sand beaches of Reynisfjara, the country offers the perfect landscapes to travelers
24．What makes travellers to Uzbekistan increase
A．Its improved traffic B．Its new scenic spots
C．Its visa entry policy D．Its living conditions
25．If you want to visit some sites of rock walls you can go to ________.
A．Uzbekistan B．Taiwan China
C．Jordan D．Iceland
26．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A news report. B．A travel magazine
C．A job guide. D．A science book
If someone says “give me five” to you, do not search your pocket to get five yuan! It will make others laugh! The person is not asking for your money, but your fingers.
In the US, “give me five” or “give me the high five” is a popular gesture (动作). You can see it often in films or on TV. It means the clapping (拍) of each other’s raised (举起的) right hands together.
People do it when they meet for the first time or when something happy or successful happens. For example, when a basketball team wins a game, the players will give high fives to everyone around to celebrate.
This gesture may come from the old Roman gesture of raising the right arm for the emperor (皇帝). This showed that the person raising his arm did not have a sword (刀) in his hand.
Why not try to give the high five to your friends
27．“Give me five” is a gesture to ______.
A．ask for money B．make people laugh
C．give up dreams D．celebrate success
28．The gesture “give me five” is the clapping of ______.
A．toes B．hands C．arms D．legs
29．When you ______, you will give your friends high fives.
A．lose your money B．go back home
C．win a basketball game D．lose your way
30．The gesture started in ______ according to the story.
A．Rome B．America C．China D．England
New rules and behavior standards (行为规范) for middle school students came out in March. Middle Schools are going to use a new way to decide who the top students are. The following are some of the new rules.
Tell the truth. If you have played computer games for two hours in your room, don’t tell your parents you have done homework. That’s not something an honest student should do.
Do more at school. Good students love animals and care for other people. April is Bird-loving month in China. Is your school doing anything to celebrate You should join! That way, you can learn more about animals and how to protect them.
Be open to new ideas. Don’t look down on (轻视) new ideas. Everyone’s ideas are important. You should welcome them, because new ideas may make life better.
Protect yourself. Safety is important. If you have to go home late, you should let your parents know.
Use the Internet carefully. The Internet can be very useful for your study, but not all the things on the Internet are suitable for students. So try to look through websites that are good for you.
31．Which of the following is NOT mentioned (提到) in the passage
A．Take care of yourself.
B．Tell the truth.
C．Protect the environment.
D．Use the Internet properly.
32．Good websites for students can ______.
A．be a waste of time B．make life easier
C．do housework for them D．help them with their studies
33．The passage mainly tells us how to ______.
A．decide top students B．do more at school
C．care for others D．use the Internet
The milu deer used to be common in China long ago. Like other deer, they lived together and ate grass as well as the soft parts of trees, such as small branches. However, milu deer were often hunted for food or sport in the past. The Ming and Qing dynasties did not protect them and many were killed. Later, the milu deer disappeared from China.
Luckily, before all of them were killed, some were taken to Europe. The Duke (公爵) of Bedford from Britain collected all the milu deer from Europe and put them in his deer park. The deer liked the cool, wet weather in England and their numbers increased year by year. In 1985, the government of China decided to reintroduce (再引入) the milu deer. The first deer came back to China and were placed in the Beijing Nanhaizi Milu Park. The milu deer certainly seemed happy to be back in China and their numbers started to grow steadily (稳定地).
34．What did the milu deer eat
A．Flowers. B．Grass or small branches.
C．Big trees. D．Seeds.
35．Why did the milu deer disappear from China
A．People didn’t like them.
B．They had nothing to eat.
C．The Ming and Qing dynasties didn’t protect them and many were killed.
D．They didn’t survive the cold weather.
36．When did the government of China reintroduce the milu deer
A．In the 1990s. B．In the 1980s.
C．In the 1970s. D．In the 1960s.
参考答案
1．C
2．B
3．C
4．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了人们为什么笑以及笑对于我们身心健康的重要性。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Today, we’re routinely holding video conferences that are 100% virtual (虚拟). And this is creating a problem that technology can’t fix. (今天，我们经常性地举行100%虛拟的视频会议，这就产生了一个技术无法解决的问题。)”以及第二段的“So much of our well-being and work productivity is decided on how close we are physically. The removal of that for any period of time can be severely damaging. One aspect surprisingly affected by social distancing is laughter. (我们的幸福感和工作效率很大程度上取决于我们的身体距离有多近。任何一段时间的近距离身体接触的缺失都有可能具有严重的破坏性。令人惊讶的是，受社交距离影响的一个方面是笑声。)”可知此处提到的视频会议是为了引出笑这个话题。故选C项。
2．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段的“So why do people laugh They laugh in order to laugh with others. Just as everyone starts yawning (打哈欠) when just one person yawns, most people can’t help but laugh when those around them do. (那么人们为什么会笑呢 他们笑是为了和别人一起笑。就像当一个人打哈欠时，每个人都开始打哈欠，当周围的人笑时，大多数人都会忍不住笑。)”以及“why TV comedy shows often use prerecorded laugh tracks.(为什么电视喜剧节目经常使用预先录制好的笑声。)”可知，此处是在说笑和打呵欠一样具有传染力，即当周围的人笑时，大多数人都会忍不住笑，由此可知此处的This指代的是在群体中更容易笑这个事实。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第五段的“When we laugh, our body produces two key chemicals: endorphin which helps relieve pain and sets off feelings of pleasure, and dopamine which can improve learning, motivation and attention. In fact, studies show that people can stand 15% more pain simply by laughing for a few minutes beforehand. Laughter is also associated with higher motivation and productivity at work. (当我们笑的时候，我们的身体会产生两种关键的化学物质：内啡肽，它有助于缓解疼痛和激发愉悦感；多巴胺，它可以提高学习、动机和注意力。事实上，研究表明：人们只需提前几分钟大笑，就能承受15%以上的疼痛。笑还能提高工作积极性和工作效率。)”可知笑可以让我们减缓疼痛激发愉悦感，提高工作效率，所以可以推出笑能够增进我们的身心健康。故选C项。
4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“In today’s home-alone, virtual-team world, this is exactly what you as a team leader should be doing: for your team members to stay healthy and productive, you need to get them to laugh more and stress less. (在今天这个独居的虚拟团队世界中，这正是你作为团队领导者应该做的：为了让你的团队成员保持健康和高效，你需要让他们多笑，减少压力。)”可知为了让你的团队成员保持健康和高效，你需要让他们多笑，减少压力，所以文章接下来应该讲到在团队中如何制造笑声，即制造笑声的的具体步骤。故选A项。
5．D
6．D
7．B
8．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍的是马龙的成名之路以及他为此付出的努力。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Although he was the least talkative boy of the players, his perseverance (坚持不懈) was as great as his overall strength in table tennis.(虽然他是运动员中最不爱说话的，但他的毅力和他在乒乓球比赛中的整体实力一样强大。)”可知，在第一段中我们能了解到马龙以他的决心和专业技能脱颖而出，故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Behind early fame of the genius is Ma Long’s almost paranoid (偏执的) strictness towards himself. His daily routine throughout four seasons was a two—point line between the dormitory and the training hall, and he was the first to arrive and the last to leave on a daily basis.(这位天才早年成名的背后，是马龙对自己近乎偏执的严格。在过去的四个赛季里，他的日常生活就是在宿舍和训练馆之间划出一条两点线，他每天第一个到，最后一个离开。)”和“A genius is not your fear, but your fear is that a genius works harder than you do.(天才不是你害怕的，你害怕的是天才比你更努力。)”可知，根据刘国梁的说法，马龙的成名之路从来不是平坦的，而是艰难的。故选D。
7．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“he achieved the personal Grand Slam (大满贯) within only 445 days, which was done in the shortest time in record(他只用了445天就完成了个人大满贯，这是历史上最短的时间)”可知，张继科很无敌，因此invincible意为“无敌的”，和matchless意思相近，故选B。
8．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段的“Then came the Suzhou 2015 World Championship, Ma Long crowned his career, winning the singles champion, and it had been ten years since he won a world championship last time. This title seemed to give him new prospect and all of his efforts paid off.(然后是2015年苏州世锦赛，马龙加冕了自己的职业生涯，获得单打冠军，距离他上一次获得世界冠军已经有十年了。这个头衔似乎给了他新的前景，他所有的努力都得到了回报。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是马龙的成名之路以及他为此付出的努力，因此最好的题目是A选项“Ma Long: Pain Is Worthy of a Champion(马龙：痛苦配得上冠军)”，故选A。
9．B
10．C
11．B
12．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是巴黎年轻运动员利用跑酷来节省能源。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Groups of young athletes practicing Parkour—the practice of passing obstacles in a man—made or natural environment through the use of running, vaulting(腾跃), jumping, climbing, rolling, and other movements in order to travel from one point to another in the quickest and most efficient way possible without the use of equipment(一群练习跑酷的年轻运动员，通过跑步、跳跃、跳跃、攀爬、滚动和其他动作，在人造或自然环境中通过障碍，以便在不使用设备的情况下以最快和最有效的方式从一个地方到另一个地方)”可知，跑酷的特点不包括只能在封闭的环境中练习。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的““Everyone can contribute in their own way” to save energy, said Kevin Ha, the leader of the Paris—based Op he Spot Parkour group, with about 20 members. “We put our physical abilities to good use.”(“每个人都可以用自己的方式”来节约能源，总部位于巴黎的Op he Spot跑酷小组的负责人Kevin Ha说，该小组约有20名成员。“我们很好地利用了我们的体能。”)”可知，巴黎的年轻运动员参加跑酷是减少能源消耗的后果。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的““Everyone can contribute in their own way” to save energy(“每个人都可以用自己的方式”来节约能源)”和“We put our physical abilities to good use.(我们很好地利用了我们的体能。)”可知，Kevin Ha认为跑酷参与者很有创造力，故选B。
12．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But the group said all the police officers they have met during their rounds have approved of their deeds—as long as it causes no damage.(但该组织表示，他们在巡逻期间遇到的所有警察都认可他们的行为——只要不造成损害。)”可知，警方对青少年Light Off行动心照不宣地同意了。故选A。
13．A
14．D
15．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几处香港鲜为人知的徒步旅行地点。
13．推理判断题。根据文章Tai Po Kau Forest Walk部分的“This nature reserve is also home to various wildlife, so if you’re lucky, you might be able to see some resident owls or even fireflies. (这个自然保护区也是各种野生动物的家园，所以如果你幸运的话，你可能会看到一些猫头鹰甚至萤火虫)”及Lai Chi Wo部分的“Along the well-paved trail, you will also be impressed by hundreds of species of wildlife here. (沿着铺得很好的小道，你还会对这里的数百种野生动物印象深刻)”可知，Tai Po Kau Forest Walk和Lai Chi Wo的共同点是它们都以各种野生动物为特色。故选A项。
14．细节理解题。根据Little Hawaii部分的“As the highlight of the hike, you can go upstream to view the waterfall from a different angle. (作为远足的亮点，你可以从不同的角度逆流而上观赏瀑布)”可知，Little Hawaii的特别之处是如果徒步旅行者逆流而上，它可以很好地看到瀑布。故选D项。
15．细节理解题。根据Wo Yeung Shan部分“As the fifth highest peak in Hong Kong, Wo Yeung Shan offers breathtaking views of the city. Those well-trained hikers who are up for challenge can even climb up the Wo Yeung Rocks for photos. (作为香港的第五高峰，Wo Yeung Shan提供了令人叹为观止的城市景观。那些训练有素、勇于挑战的徒步旅行者甚至可以爬上Wo Yeung Rocks拍照)”可知，如果你是一位准备迎接挑战的经验丰富的徒步旅行者，你会选择Wo Yeung Shan。故选B项。
16．C
17．D
18．A
19．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为Pumpstart的项目，旨在向普通公众教授徒手心肺复苏术，提高心脏病患者的存活率。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Pumpstart, a program created by students at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) which is meant to teach hands-only CPR (心脏复苏术) to the general public, is effective in both teaching high school students a life-saving skill and providing medical students with a chance to take part in public health and medical education after several surveys.”（Pumpstart是波士顿大学医学院学生创建的一个项目，旨在向普通公众教授徒手心肺复苏术，该项目向高中学生传授挽救生命的技能，经过多次调查，该项目也为医学生提供参加公共卫生和医学教育的机会。）可知，Pumpstart旨在向普通公众教授徒手心肺复苏术，由此可知，Pumpstart的主要目的是提高公众的心肺复苏技能。故选C项。
17．推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“Using educational resources provided by the city medical center and offering training to inner-city high school students allow medical students to serve as both educators and experienced people in CPR within the community, while making high school students interested in the healthcare field (医疗领域). That’s what Pumpstart does.”（利用城市医疗中心提供的教育资源，并为市中心的高中学生提供培训，使医学生既能成为社区内心脏复苏术的教育者，又能成为有经验的人，同时让高中学生对医疗领域感兴趣。这就是Pumpstart所做的。）可知，Pumpstart希望让高中学生对医疗领域感兴趣，由此可知，Pumpstart鼓励学生在医疗领域工作。故选D项。
18．推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Knopov believes Pumpstart can serve as a model for other organizations and can have a long-term (长期的) public health influence as the bystander CPR continues to be one of the most useful factors in out-of-hospital (医院之外) heart attack survival.”（Knopov认为Pumpstart可以作为其他组织的榜样，并且可以对公众健康产生长期影响，因为旁观者的心脏复苏仍然是提高医院外心脏病发作存活率的最有用因素之一。）可知，Knopov认为Pumpstart可以对公众健康产生长期影响，有助于提高医院外心脏病发作患者的存活率，由此可知，Anita Knopov认为这个项目非常有用。故选A项。
19．词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“And in that case we can use lots of new ‘Pumpstarts’ in other regions.”（在这种情况下，我们可以在其他地区使用许多新的“Pumpstarts”。）可知，“我们”希望可以在其他地区使用许多新的“Pumpstarts”，由此可知，我们希望我们的工作能够激励其他领域类似项目的发展，这样就可以在其他地区使用许多新的“Pumpstarts”。由此可知划线词意为“激励”，与encourage同义。故选C项。
20．B
21．D
22．A
23．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要分析了汽车价格与以往相比呈上涨趋势的真实原因。
20．细节理解题。根据文章第一段话“Have you gotten price shock lately when you looked at the cost of a new car It’s not your imagination .The average price of a new car is the highest ever for the first quarter, according to CNBC. At $33, 319, the price is about $1,000 more than in 2018. Because of that, new car sales dropped by as many as 2.5 million units compared to the same quarter last year.(当你看一辆新车的成本时，你最近有没有受到价格冲击 这不是你的想象，据CNBC报道，今年第一季度新车的平均价格是有史以来最高的。目前的价格为33319美元，比2018年高出约1000美元。因此，新车销量与去年同期相比减少了250万辆。)”可知，由于价格的上涨造成新型汽车销售下降。故选B项。
21．推理判断题。根据文章第三段话“And it has been mainly pushed by carmakers because bigger equals more profits.(而且主要是汽车制造商推动的，因为规模越大，利润就越多。)”可知，消费者的购买选择受到汽车制造商的影响。故选D项。
22．细节理解题。根据文章第四段话“I can tell you right now that both the Chrysler 200 and the Dodge Dart, as great products as they were, are the least financially rewarding business that we’ve carried out in the last eight years,(我现在就可以告诉你克莱斯勒200和道奇Dart，尽管它们是伟大的产品，但它们却是我们在过去8年里所做的经济回报最低的生意，)”可知，汽车制造商的生产计划是受收益利润影响的。故选A项。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段话“More and more buyers are likely to look to used cars instead.(越来越多的买家可能会转而购买二手车。)”可知，购买二手车对于一些人来说是个很好的选择。故选D项。
24．C
25．C
26．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了总部位于多伦多的旅游公司G Adventures选出的2019年最佳旅游目的地。
24．细节理解题。由文章第二段第二句“Because of the easy visa entry requirements, it attracts more travellers.”（由于签证入境要求简单，他吸引了更多的游客）可知，由于Uzbekistan的签证政策使得到该国的游客增多。故选C项。
25．细节理解题。由文章第四段第二句“Travellers can see Petras amazing tombs and ancient buildings carved(雕刻) into rock walls, and learn about Bedouin culture during an overnight stay in the desert.”（游客可以在Petras看到令人惊叹的坟墓和刻在岩壁上的古建筑，并且当你在沙漠过夜的时候可以学习Bedouin的文化）可知想要参观岩画应该去Jordan。故选C项。
26．推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句“Toronto-based travel company G Adventures has picked out the best places to visit in 2019.”（ 总部位于多伦多的旅游公司G Adventures选出的2019年最佳旅游目的地）以及下文对四个目的地的介绍推知，本文很有可能摘自一份旅游杂志。故选B项。
27．D
28．B
29．C
30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲了一个重要的交际手势“give me five”，详细地介绍了它的含义和由来。
27．推理判断题。根据第三段的“People do it when they meet for the first time or when something happy or successful happens. For example, when a basketball team wins a game, the players will give high fives to everyone around to celebrate.(人们在第一次见面时，或者当有快乐或成功的事情发生时，都会这样做。例如，当篮球队赢得比赛时，队员们会向周围的人击掌庆祝。)”可知，“Give me five”是一个庆祝成功的手势，故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段的“It means the clapping (拍) of each other’s raised (举起的) right hands together.(意思是彼此举起右手一起鼓掌。)”可知，“击掌”的手势是拍打手，故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段的“For example, when a basketball team wins a game, the players will give high fives to everyone around to celebrate.(例如，当篮球队赢得比赛时，队员们会向周围的人击掌庆祝。)”可知，当你赢了篮球比赛的时候，你会和你朋友击掌，故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“This gesture may come from the old Roman gesture of raising the right arm for the emperor (皇帝).(这个手势可能来自古罗马人向皇帝举起右臂的手势。)”可知，这个手势开始于罗马，故选A。
31．C
32．D
33．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是学校决定谁是尖子生的一些新的规则。
31．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Protect yourself.(保护你自己)”，第二段的“Tell the truth.(说实话)”，最后一段的“Use the Internet carefully.(小心使用互联网)”可知，A，B，D选项都提到了，C选项“保护环境”没提到，故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The Internet can be very useful for your study(互联网对你的学习非常有用)”可知，好的学生网站可以帮助他们学习，故选D。
33．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Middle Schools are going to use a new way to decide who the top students are. The following are some of the new rules.(中学将使用一种新的方式来决定谁是尖子生。以下是一些新规定)”可知，本文主要介绍的是学校决定谁是尖子生的一些新的规则，也就是主要告诉我们如何决定尖子生。故选A。
34．B
35．C
36．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麋鹿在中国的消失和回归。
34．细节理解题。根据第一段“Like other deer, they lived together and ate grass as well as the soft parts of trees, such as small branches.(像其他鹿一样，它们生活在一起，吃草和树的柔软部分，如小树枝)”可知，麋鹿吃草或小树枝。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据第一段“However, milu deer were often hunted for food or sport in the past. The Ming and Qing dynasties did not protect them and many were killed. Later, the milu deer disappeared from China. (然而，麋鹿在过去经常被猎杀作为食物或消遣。明清两朝没有保护它们，许多人被杀。后来，麋鹿从中国消失了)”可知，麋鹿从中国消失，是因为明清两朝没有保护它们，很多麋鹿被猎杀。故选C。
36．细节理解题。根据第二段“In 1985, the government of China decided to reintroduce (再引入) the milu deer. (1985年，中国政府决定重新引进麋鹿)”可知，中国政府在20世纪80年代重新引进了麋鹿。故选B。阅读理解
Chinese astronauts have successfully grown rice seedlings(幼苗)aboard the Tiangong space station and this experiment may offer key insights into how astronauts can grow food to support long—term space missions, experts said on Monday. This experiment is the first to produce the complete life cycle of the plant, which begins with a seed and ends with a mature plant producing new seeds.
The breakthrough was conducted in the Wentian space laboratory, which was launched into orbit on July 24, 2022. Three astronauts were conducting the experiment smoothly and testing the plants according to the plan.
“The rice seedlings are growing very well,” said Zheng Huiqiong, a researcher of the task, adding that the experiment also contained seedlings of a small flowering plant often used by scientists to study mutations(变异). “The astronauts will keep monitoring the plants, and if it is successful, they will collect the newly produced seeds and bring them back to Earth for further studies,” she noted
The flowering stage is crucial for plant reproductive development. “We want to investigate how microgravity can affect the plant flowering time and whether it is possible to use the microgravity environment to control the related process,” she said.
Since the 1980s, China has been taking seeds of rice and other crops to space to help them mutate and produce higher yields once they were planted on Earth. But growing rice in orbit is a different challenge due to the tough conditions of space such as microgravity and lack of air.
Rice has been a main food for astronauts since the early days of space exploration. Freeze—dried chicken and rice was the menu for the Apollo 11 mission, which carried the first humans to land on the moon in July 1969.
“But if we want to land on and explore Mars, bringing food from Earth is not enough to provide for the astronauts’ long journey and mission in space. We have to find a food source for long term space explorations,” Zheng added.
1．What’s the significance of Chinese recent space rice experiment
A．It enables human beings to move to another planet.
B．It helps people get a better idea of the human life cycle.
C．It inspires more other countries to do space explorations
D．It makes it possible to carry out long—term space missions
2．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The mutation. B．The experiment. C．The exploration. D．The space mission.
3．Why have crop seeds been brought to space since the last century
A．To promote genetic changes and increase crop harvest.
B．To figure out how to create an earth—like environment.
C．To study the impact of microgravity on crop growth.
D．To develop new crop species with strong ability to adapt.
4．Where is the text most probably from
A．A medical report. B．A fashion magazine.
C．A science newspaper. D．A history book.
Carbon dioxide emissions from transportation are now thought as the top source of green—house gases. One of the most effective ways to reduce your carbon footprint is to reconsider how much, and how often, you travel.
Going car free for a year could save about 2.6 tons of carbon dioxide, according to a study from the University of British Columbia. How can you stop using a car Try taking a train, bus or better yet, riding a bike.
But let’s be realistic. You will likely need to use a car this year. So, when you do, here are some tips to make your trip more climate—friendly. Driving efficiently can help to reduce emissions. Go easy on the gas and brakes and drive like you have an egg under your foot. Regularly service your car to keep it more efficient. Keeping your tires pumped correctly can reduce emissions. Low tire pressure will hurt your fuel economy. Air conditioning and frequent city driving can make emissions go up So cut down on these as often as possible. Use cruise control(定速巡航)on long drives—in most cases, this can help to save gas. Don’t weigh your car down with extra things that you don’t need on your trip.
Fly often Taking one fewer long round—trip flight could reduce your personal carbon footprint significantly. If you use public transportation often and fly less, your carbon foot print might still be relatively sustainable, but if you drive and fly a lot, your emissions will be higher. If you can’t avoid flying, you can offset them by donating money to sustainable projects, such as supplying efficient stoves to rural homes, or projects which help farmers deal with crop waste environmentally.
5．What does the author think of going car free
A．Efficient. B．Costly. C．Impractical. D．Reliable.
6．Which can be adopted to save fuel of your car
A．Maintaining your car properly.
B．Using cruise control in the city.
C．Stepping hard on the gas and brakes.
D．Getting rid of all the necessary loads.
7．What does the underlined word “offset” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Put up with. B．Team up with. C．Set foot in. D．Make up for.
8．Which is the best title for the text
A．Lower carbon footprint in transportation
B．How to reduce your carbon footprint
C．Reduce carbon footprint by all means
D．How to save fuel when driving cars
Four Best Language Exchange Apps
HelloTalk
HelloTalk is a language exchange application that allows you to talk with others from around the world for free. You can write a brief summary about yourself in your profile（简介）, choose your native language and select the language and level that you’re currently learning. Then you’re able to search for native language partners from around the world! What sets HelloTalk apart from similar apps is that native speakers can edit your messages and correct your grammar while you chat together.
Lext Talk
Lext Talk is an application that allows users to connect with people from around the world. Once your profile is complete, you can select which language you speak and which language you’d like to learn. A very convenient feature that Lext Talk offers is its map. Users can use Lext Talk’s map to search for language partners in their areas, or find a partner in a specific region.
Doongle
Like the feature of Lext Talk but you have an Android phone Don’t worry, there’s a similar app for all Android users too! Doongle allows its users to share voice messages, photos and more. Like Lext Talk, Doongle also has a map feature. Doongle offers a particular group chat feature, where you can talk about English grammar or share tips on how to make a pizza with others.
italki
With italki, you get to choose your teachers based on your interests and goals. You pay per lesson but you get what you pay for. You can choose to take lessons anytime and anywhere to your liking. If you don’t know which teacher to choose, don’t worry. All teachers will have a video introduction of themselves and you could also judge by looking through previous re—views from students.
9．What’s special about HelloTalk
A．It is the best application to learn grammar.
B．Users’ errors can be corrected in the message.
C．HelloTalk offers quality lessons at a low price.
D．Users can choose language partners by gender.
10．Which offers professional guidance to a language learner
A．HelloTalk. B．Lext Talk. C．Doongle. D．italki.
11．What can be inferred from the text
A．Doongle doesn’t have a map feature.
B．HelloTalk doesn’t offer a text chat feature.
C．Lext Talk is not suitable for Android users.
D．italki doesn’t offer much detail of teachers.
In Yakutia, Siberia, temperatures drop to as low as -71℃. It is actually one of the coldest places on earth. Located a few hundred miles outside the Arctic Circle, The Republic of Sakha, also known as Yakutiya or Yakut-Sakhat, is now the largest republic in Russia.
Fur(毛皮) hats and thick coats are surely required. Thick fur boots, gloves, and anything else to avoid frostbite is highly encouraged.
People of Yakutia are so used to the cold that they even have an open air market where they can shop for meat and fish. The best part is that they don’t need those huge freezers to keep the meat. Sellers remain outdoors for the entire day in the freezing winds.
And if you think there’s no way to have fun in such a tough environment, think again. They love ice fishing and ice swimming. They actually take off all their clothes and put on their swimwear before swimming in the freezing waters.
It’s so cold outside that some people don’t need freezers anymore. Pipes are left outside as well since they cannot be laid out under the ground because of the hard soil. Other people make do with blocks of ice that they cut from the rivers for free water. Toilet duties are handled outside. Just be sure to do everything quickly.
It’s not always freezing as summer can hit +40℃ though it is short and dry. It is among the coldest cities in the world. Visitors need to do a lot of research and preparations before spending a few days in Yakutia, though it certainly is an interesting place to experience!
12．What can be learned from paragraph 1
A．Yakutia is larger than Russia.
B．Yakutia is actually the coldest place on earth.
C．The temperature in Yakutia is always -71℃ in winter.
D．Yakutia is located a few hundred miles outside the Arctic Circle.
13．What does the underlined word “frostbite” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Frozen injury. B．High fever.
C．Going out. D．Falling down because of icy road.
14．What do people in Yakutia like to do for fun
A．Cut blocks of ice for water.
B．Sell fish and meat in open air.
C．Go ice fishing and ice swimming.
D．Handle toilet duties outside quickly.
15．Where can the text be found
A．In a science report. B．On a tour website.
C．In a sports magazine. D．In an entertainment newspaper.
Recordings (录音) of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says. Beehives (蜂窝) either recorded or real may even prevent elephants from damaging farmer’s crops.
Years ago, scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them. Today, Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might stop elephants from eating crops. But before she asked farmers to set up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would frighten elephants away.
Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder. Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life. Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down. Next, Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a tree close to each family.
From a distance, Lucy turned on the pre-recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera. Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds. Out of a total of 17 groups, only one group didn’t react to the sound of the angry bees. Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them. When Lucy played the sound of a waterfall (瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families, the animals were undisturbed. Even after four minutes, most of the groups stayed in one place.
Lucy is now studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times. She hasn’t tested enough groups yet to know and she has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.
16．Why did Lucy throw a stone into a wild beehive
A．To record the sound of angry bees. B．To make a video of elephants.
C．To see if elephants would run away. D．To find out more about the behavior of bees.
17．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Groups of elephants will make bees angry.
B．Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place.
C．Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them.
D．Young elephants ignore African honeybees.
18．According to the passage, Lucy ________.
A．works by herself in Africa
B．needs to test more elephant groups
C．has stopped elephants eating crops
D．has got farmers to set up beehives on their farms
19．What can be the title of the passage
A．Bees are the King of the Forest B．How to Keep Elephants Away
C．Don’t Get Close to Angry Bees D．Angry Bees Frighten Big Elephants Away
The example of a foreign teacher who volunteered to help fight the wildfires in Chongqing’s Beibei District with other local residents has touched many.
In the unbearable heat and drought conditions, multiple wildfires hit parts of Chongqing. On Sunday night, a forest fire broke out and spread in Beibei District. The local government issued an urgent call for volunteers with certain skills and experience, such as chain saw（链锯）operation, to join in the firefighting. Chain saws were used to create fire barriers.
“I was happy to help,” said Francis Stonier, a professor in a university. “I used to cut trees around my yard and neighborhood and had volunteered many times in the US in the past.”
Stonier found a translator—50-year-old He Wu, a foreign language professor—who also signed up to fight fires. Soon after arriving at the volunteer area, the pair were assigned to one of the chain saw groups—examining and adjusting chain saws.
“Stonier is responsible and focused, and is doing a really good job,” said He, adding that Stonier checked each chain saw carefully, to see if it was too tight or too loose. “Wherever I went, the volunteers and local residents gave me a big thumbs-up. It was an unforgettable experience,” Stonier said.
Thanks to the joint efforts of fire and rescue workers, as well as volunteers and residents, the scaring wildfire in Beibei had been put out as of Thursday night.
“It was great to see such an outpouring of help in the extreme heat,” Stonier said, noting that he was impressed with the number of locals who came to help. Motorcyclists gave up their jobs to transport materials and people up and down the mountains. Others gave their time to carry heavy supplies, prepare and serve meals or help organize.
20．What caused the outbreak of the forest fire in Beibei District
A．The extreme heat and drought.
B．The local area being short of water.
C．The existence of enough oil materials.
D．The lack of people guarding the forest.
21．Why was Stonier accepted to participate in the firefighting
A．He was capable of creating fire barriers.
B．He was experienced in chain saw operation.
C．He was determined to become a firefighter.
D．He showed no consideration for his own safety.
22．Which words can best describe Stonier
A．Determined and creative. B．Generous and independent.
C．Devoted and courageous. D．Humorous and passionate.
23．What message does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph
A．To care is to help. B．Many hands make light work.
C．Dare to challenge and achieve yourself. D．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
Polar bears generally use sea ice to hunt (捕猎), but a newly discovered group has found another way. An isolated (与世隔绝的) population of polar bears has been discovered in a fjord (峡湾) in southeast Greenland, which is free of sea ice for most of the year. Polar bear generally need sea ice to survive, so the discovery is raising hopes that some kinds of the polar bears might survive the loss of sea ice caused by global warming.
Researchers found the population living in a fjord in the southeast Greenland, which is surrounded by mountains and an ice sheet to the west, and ocean to the east. The sea-ice coverage lasts for only around 100 days each year. With sea ice in the fjord becoming smaller because of global warming, the whole group were expected to die out by the end of this century.
But the isolated population has found a way to hunt without sea ice. The group, about 27 adult females, has been isolated from other polar bear populations along Greenland’s east coast for at least 200 years.
Tracking data from marked bears proves that they don’t move far. For example, when members of the group went out of the fjord, the ice on which they sat sometimes got caught in the rapid water flow. “Whenever this happened, they would get stuck and then, they would have to jump off, swim to the beach and walk back home empty-handed,” says lead author Kristin Laidre, an animal ecologist at the University of Washington in Seattle.
Though the researchers failed to video their hunting without sea ice, the existence of this small population in conditions of low sea-ice coverage suggests there is a chance that the population can survive, even as sea ice flows away to farther north each year.
24．What have the newly discovered polar bears found
A．A place filled with ice sheets.
B．A way to hunt without sea ice.
C．A way to track sea ice flowing away.
D．An ice sheet caught in the rapid water flow.
25．Why were polar bears in the fjord expected to die out
A．They are being hunted by human.
B．They have lost their source of food.
C．They can’t stand the increasing heat.
D．The sea ice there is becoming smaller.
26．What can be inferred from the text
A．The bears can swim very far to hunt for food.
B．Kristin Laidre is negative about the future of the group.
C．Once the group went out of the fjord, they might get into trouble.
D．If the bears got caught in the rapid water flow, they wouldn’t go home.
27．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．Polar bear population can survive without sea ice
B．Sea ice is becoming smaller because of the global warming
C．Polar bear population may die out because of the global warming
D．A newly discovered polar bear population has been stuck in a fjord
When you are about to go to a boarding school in England, there are many different questions that may come to mind. But once you look at them with some perspective, you will certainly feel easy. Here is a normal boarding day.
Early Morning:
Usually boarders get up around 7: 00 am and have around an hour to take a shower and put on their uniform before breakfast.
Lessons:
Classes start at 9: 00 am and every lesson lasts for 50 minutes. After two lessons, at 10: 40 am, you’ll have a short break. The next period of classes will include two more lessons.
Lunch:
Lunch is usually held around 12: 30 pm at the dining hall, where you’ll join your friends to enjoy a hot dish. After an hour of lunch, you’ll have three or four more lessons to attend.
Dinner:
At 5: 00 pm you will have finished your school lessons for the day. Most boarding schools in the UK offer their full boarders different kinds of hot meals to choose from.
Activities/ Sports:
All boarding schools in the UK provide many different kinds of activities for their boarders, such as football, swimming, golf or art.
Prep:
An important part of boarding school life is the supervised homework session known as “prep”. Although prep might sound stressful, it’s a great way for you to keep up with your studies.
Free time:
Once you are done with all your classes and activities, it’s time to relax.
Bedtime:
In most boarding schools, the lights go out around 10: 30 pm.
Being nervous just before you go to a boarding school is completely normal and understandable. Hopefully, being aware of the usual routine you’ll be following can help you. Once you are there, you will also see how exciting life in a boarding school in England can be.
28．What do we know about boarding schools in England from the text
A．Classes usually start at 8: 30 am.
B．They don’t give students any free time.
C．They turn off the lights around 10:30 pm.
D．Students can have a short break after four lessons.
29．What can help you keep up with your studies in the boarding school
A．Doing activities. B．Having lessons.
C．Enjoying free time. D．Supervised homework sessions.
30．What is the purpose of the text
A．To help students know about boarders’ life.
B．To attract more students to boarding schools.
C．To introduce a new school life.
D．To advertise for boarding schools.
Online, English has become a common language for users from around the world. In the process, the language itself is changing. There are now thought to be some 4.5 billion web pages worldwide. Some language experts predict that within 10 years English will occupy the internet — but in forms very different to what we accept and recognize as English today.
That’s because people who speak English as a second language already outnumber native speakers. And increasingly, they use it to communicate with other non-native speakers, particularly on the internet where less attention is paid to grammar and spelling and users don’t have to worry about their accent (口音).
Users of Facebook already socialize in a number of different “Englishes” including Indian English, Spanish English and Korean English. While these different styles have long existed within their cultures, they’re now expanding and coming online. Technology companies are introducing newly-developed English words with products aimed at enabling users to add words that are not already in the English dictionary. And most large companies have English websites, while smaller businesses are learning that they need a common language — English — to reach global customers.
The increasing popularity of the internet allows more languages to develop quickly. “Most people actually speak several languages — it’s less common to only speak one,” says Mr. Munro. “English has taken its place as the world’s common language, but it’s not pushing out other languages.” Instead, other languages are pushing their way into English, and in the process creating something new.
31．Which of the following is NOT true about online communication
A．People need to spell exactly. B．Grammar is not so important.
C．People do not care about their accent. D．Most English-speakers are not native speakers.
32．What can we infer from the text
A．We can only communicate online in English.
B．It’s impossible to find all the English words in the dictionary.
C．Some technology companies start to publish English dictionaries.
D．Smaller businesses are not allowed to have English websites.
33．What can we learn from what Mr. Munro said
A．The other languages are enriching English.
B．One can’t live well without speaking several languages.
C．English will become the only language in the world.
D．Chinese used to be the world’s common language.
34．What does the text mainly talk about
A．English is a common language around the world.
B．There are now many different language styles.
C．English language is developing with the Internet.
D．Smaller businesses are learning a common language.
It’s a struggle to learn a second language at any age. Now, in a new study, scientist have found out the exact age after which your chances of reaching fluency in a second language seem to plummet: 10.
The study published in the journal Cognition, found that it’s “nearly impossible” for language learners to reach native-level fluency if they start learning a second language after age 10. “It turns out you’re still learning fast,” says study co-author Joshua Hartshorne. “It’s just that you run out of time, because your ability to learn starts dropping at around 17 or 18 years old,” People who start a few years after age 10 may still become quite good at a language, the authors say, but they are unlikely to become fluent.
Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages for sound reasons. Children’s brains are more plastic than those of adults, meaning they’re better able to adapt and respond to new information. Kids may also be more willing to try new things than adults are. Their comparatively new understanding of their native language may also be advantageous.
These findings may seem discouraging, but it was inspiring for scientists to learn that the key period for fluent language learning might be longer than previously thought. Some scientists believed that the window begins to close shortly after birth, while others made it longer to very early pared with those judgments, age 17 or 18—when language learning ability starts to drop off—seems relatively old.
For this study, the researchers created an online test promising to guess people’s native language and home country based on their responses to English grammar questions. Almost 670,000 people took it, giving the researchers huge amounts of data from English speakers of many ages and backgrounds. Examining the responses and grammar mistakes allowed them to made unusually exact judgments about language learning.
35．What does the underlined word “plummet” in paragraph 1 mean
A．Appear gradually. B．Increase greatly.
C．Double suddenly. D．Drop sharply.
36．What can we learn from the study
A．Adults’ learning ability can boost their second language.
B．All these new findings are quite discouraging for scientists.
C．Children are at an advantage in acquiring a new language.
D．People have different key periods for mastering a language.
37．What does the last paragraph mainly focus on
A．The process of the study. B．The findings of the study.
C．The subject of the study. D．The purpose of the study.
38．What’s the best title of the text
A．Never Too Early to Learn New Languages
B．Better to Learn a New Language Before Age 10
C．Never Say Die When Learning a New Language
D．Best Ways to Improve the Second Language Fluency
参考答案：
1．D
2．B
3．A
4．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国宇航员在天宫空间站成功种植水稻幼苗，这项实验可能为宇航员如何种植粮食以支持长期太空任务提供关键见解。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Chinese astronauts have successfully grown rice seedlings(幼苗)aboard the Tiangong space station and this experiment may offer key insights into how astronauts can grow food to support long—term space missions, experts said on Monday.( 专家周一表示，中国宇航员已经成功地在天宫空间站上种植水稻幼苗，这一实验可能为宇航员如何种植食物以支持长期太空任务提供关键见解。)” 中国最近的太空水稻实验使执行长期太空任务成为可能，故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据第三段““The rice seedlings are growing very well,” said Zheng Huiqiong, a researcher of the task, adding that the experiment also contained seedlings of a small flowering plant often used by scientists to study mutations(变异).( “水稻幼苗长得很好，”该任务的研究员郑慧琼说，他补充说，该实验还包含了一种小型开花植物的幼苗，科学家经常用它来研究突变)”可知如果实验成功，他们将收集新产生的种子，并将它们带回地球进行进一步研究。故此处的it指代实验，故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第五段“Since the 1980s, China has been taking seeds of rice and other crops to space to help them mutate and produce higher yields once they were planted on Earth.(自20世纪80年代以来，中国一直在将水稻和其他作物的种子带到太空，帮助它们在地球上种植后发生突变，从而产生更高的产量。)”可推断自上个世纪以来农作物种子被带到太空，促进基因变化，提高作物产量。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Chinese astronauts have successfully grown rice seedlings(幼苗)aboard the Tiangong space station and this experiment may offer key insights into how astronauts can grow food to support long—term space missions, experts said on Monday.( 专家周一表示，中国宇航员已经成功地在天宫空间站上种植水稻幼苗，这一实验可能为宇航员如何种植食物以支持长期太空任务提供关键见解。)”可知文章是关于科学的一篇报道，故选C。
5．C
6．A
7．D
8．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何选择适当的出行方式，降低运输中的碳足迹。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段“How can you stop using a car Try taking a train, bus or better yet, riding a bike.(你怎么能不开车呢？试着坐火车、公共汽车或者骑自行车。)”可知，作者认为不开汽车是不实际的，故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段“Low tire pressure will hurt your fuel economy. Air conditioning and frequent city driving can make emissions go up So cut down on these as often as possible. Use cruise control（定速巡航）on long drives—in most cases, this can help to save gas. Don’t weigh your car down with extra things that you don’t need on your trip.( 轮胎气压过低会影响你的燃油经济性。空调和频繁的城市驾驶会使排放上升，所以尽可能减少这些排放。在长途驾驶中使用巡航控制——在大多数情况下，这可以帮助节省汽油。不要给你的车添置旅途中不需要的额外物品。)”可知适当的保养汽车可以节省汽车的燃油，故选A。
7．词义猜测题。根据第四段“by donating money to sustainable projects, such as supplying efficient stoves to rural homes, or projects which help farmers deal with crop waste environmentally.(你可以通过向可持续发展项目捐款，比如为农村家庭提供高效炉具，或者帮助农民环保地处理作物废物的项目。)”可知上文意思是如果你不能避免坐飞机，你可以通过向可持续发展项目捐款来抵消这些损失，所以offset意为弥补，A. Put up with.容忍；B. Team up with.提出；C. Set foot in.踏上；D. Make up for.弥补，故选D。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Carbon dioxide emissions from transportation are now thought as the top source of green—house gases. One of the most effective ways to reduce your carbon footprint is to reconsider how much, and how often, you travel. (交通运输排放的二氧化碳现在被认为是温室气体的主要来源。减少碳足迹最有效的方法之一就是重新考虑旅行的次数和频率。)”可知本文主要介绍了如何选择适当的出行方式，降低运输中的碳足迹，故A选项“降低运输中的碳足迹”符合题意，故选A。
9．B
10．D
11．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个语言交流程序。
9．细节理解题。根据第一部分“What sets Hello Talk apart from similar apps is that native speakers can edit your messages and correct your grammar while you chat together.”（HelloTalk与类似应用程序的不同之处在于，说本族语的人可以在一起聊天时编辑信息并纠正语法。）可知， HelloTalk的用户可以在消息中更正用户的错误。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据最后一部分“With italki, you get to choose your teachers based on your interests and goals. ”（有了italki，你可以根据你的兴趣和目标来选择你的老师。）可知，italk为语言学习者提供专业指导。故选D项。
11．推理判断题。根据倒数第二部分“Like the feature of Lext Talk but you have an Android phone Don’t worry, there’s a similar app for all Android users too! ”（像Lext Talk的功能，但你有Android手机？别担心，也有一个适用于所有Android用户的类似应用程序！）可知，Lext Talk不适合Android用户。故选C项。
12．D
13．A
14．C
15．B
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球上最冷的地方，西伯利亚的雅库蒂亚，讲述了当地人们的生活方式。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Located a few hundred miles outside the Arctic Circle, The Republic of Sakha, also known as Yakutiya or Yakut-Sakhat, is now the largest republic in Russia.（位于北极圈以外几百英里处，萨哈共和国，也被称为雅库蒂亚或者雅库特萨哈，是俄罗斯最大的共和国。）”可知，雅库蒂亚位于北极圈以外几百英里处，故选D。
13．词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“In Yakutia, Siberia, temperatures drop to as low as -71℃.（西伯利亚的雅库蒂亚，气温降至零下71摄氏度。）”的提示可知，此处“Thick fur boots, gloves, and anything else to avoid frostbite is highly encouraged.（强烈建议穿上厚皮靴，戴上手套和其他任何避免frostbite的东西。）”中的划线词“frostbite”指的是因为寒冷而引发的冻伤，故此处frostbite一词的与A项“Frozen injury冻伤”意思相近，故选A.
14．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“And if you think there’s no way to have fun in such a tough environment, think again. They love ice fishing and ice swimming.（如果你认为在这样艰苦的环境下没有办法可以玩得很开心，那就再想想。他们喜欢冰上钓鱼和冰上游泳。）”可知，雅库蒂亚的人喜欢冰上钓鱼和冰上游泳，故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Visitors need to do a lot of research and preparations before spending a few days in Yakutia, though it certainly is an interesting place to experience!（游客在来到雅库蒂亚之前需要做些研究和准备，尽管它绝对是一个有趣的地方。）”以及本文对雅库蒂亚当地人的生活方式可知，可以在关于旅游的网站上找到这篇文章，故选B。
16．A
17．C
18．B
19．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，愤怒的蜜蜂的录音足以让高大强壮的非洲象逃跑。本文对这项研究结果进行了论证。
16．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But before she asked farmers to set up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would frighten elephants away.(但在她要求农民在他们的农场上建立蜂箱之前，她需要弄清楚这些蜜蜂是否会把大象吓跑)”以及第三段中的“Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder. Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life.(露西在肯尼亚北部的一棵树里发现了一个野生蜂巢，并安装了一台录音机。然后她向蜂箱扔了一块石头，蜂箱突然活了起来)”可推知，露西往一个野蜂箱里扔了块石头来记录蜜蜂愤怒的声音。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Years ago, scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them.(多年前，科学家露西·金和她的团队发现，大象会避开某些有蜜蜂居住的树木)”可知，大象不会靠近有蜜蜂居住的树木。故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She hasn’t tested enough groups yet to know and she has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.(她还没有对足够多的群体进行测试，现在她已经开始在田野里放置扬声器，看看大象是否会被吓跑)”可推知，露西需要测试更多的象群。故选B。
19．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Recordings (录音) of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says.(一项新的研究表明，愤怒的蜜蜂的录音足以让高大强壮的非洲象逃跑)”可知，文章主要讲述的是愤怒的蜜蜂会把大象吓跑。由此可知，D. Angry Bees Frighten Big Elephants Away适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
20．A
21．B
22．C
23．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了外籍教师Francis Stonier自愿与其他当地居民一起帮助扑灭重庆北碚区的野火的感人事迹。
20．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In the unbearable heat and drought conditions, multiple wildfires hit parts of Chongqing. On Sunday night, a forest fire broke out and spread in Beibei District.(在难以忍受的高温和干旱条件下，多起野火袭击了重庆部分地区。周日晚上，北碚区发生森林火灾并蔓延。)”可知，造成北碚区发生森林火灾的原因是极端高温和干旱。故选A。
21．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The local government issued an urgent call for volunteers with certain skills and experience, such as chain saw operation, to join in the firefighting. Chain saws were used to create fire barriers.(当地政府紧急呼吁具有一定技能和经验（如链锯操作）的志愿者加入救火。链锯被用来制造防火屏障。)”可知，政府需要有使用链锯操作经验的志愿者。根据文章第三段“I used to cut trees around my yard and neighborhood and had volunteered many times in the US in the past.(我过去经常在我的院子和社区周围砍树，也曾多次在美国做志愿者。)”可知，Stonier之前有砍树的经验，而砍树是需要操作链锯的，可推测出他会使用链锯。所以Stonier可以参加救火是因为他有操作链锯的经验。故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“On Sunday night, a forest fire broke out and spread in Beibei District.(周日晚上，北碚区发生森林火灾并蔓延。)”和第三段“‘I was happy to help,’ said Francis Stonier, a professor in a university. ‘I used to cut trees around my yard and neighborhood and had volunteered many times in the US in the past.’(“我很乐意帮忙，”一所大学的教授弗朗西斯·斯托尼尔说。)”可知，在北碚区发生森林火灾这么危险的情况下，Stonier还是乐意去帮忙，说明他是勇敢的；根据文章第五段“‘Stonier is responsible and focused, and is doing a really good job,’ said He, adding that Stonier checked each chain saw carefully, to see if it was too tight or too loose.(他说：“斯托尼尔很负责，很专注，工作做得很好。”他补充道，斯托尼尔仔细检查了每一把链锯，看看它是太紧还是太松了。)”可知，Stonier在志愿者活动期间工作非常认真负责，这说明他是全心全意来做这项工作的。C选项描述正确。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘It was great to see such an outpouring of help in the extreme heat,’ Stonier said, noting that he was impressed with the number of locals who came to help. Motorcyclists gave up their jobs to transport materials and people up and down the mountains. Others gave their time to carry heavy supplies, prepare and serve meals or help organize.(史托尼尔说：“在酷热的天气下，能看到这么多人伸出援手，真是太棒了。”他还指出，前来帮忙的当地人之多给他留下了深刻印象。骑摩托车的人放弃了工作，在山上来回运送物资和人员。其他人则花时间搬运沉重的物资，准备和提供饭菜，或者帮助组织。)”可知，在这场火灾中，不同身份的人们都齐聚在一起，共同为扑灭火灾而努力。所以作者想表达的是“众人拾柴火焰高，人多力量大”这一道理。B选项“Many hands make light work.(众人拾柴火焰高。)”符合语境。故选B。
24．B
25．D
26．C
27．A
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了研究者发现北极熊可能会在全球变暖导致海冰流失中幸存下来。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But the isolated population has found a way to hunt without sea ice.(但是这一与世隔绝的群体发现了一种没有海冰的狩猎方式)”可知，新发现的这一北极熊群体找到了这一种没有海冰的狩猎方式，故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“With sea ice in the fjord becoming smaller because of global warming, the whole group were expected to die out by the end of this century.(随着全球变暖，峡湾的海冰变少，预计整个群体将会在本世纪末消亡)”可知，由于海冰变少，峡湾里的北极熊群里就可能会面临灭绝。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“For example, when members of the group went out of the fjord, the ice on which they sat sometimes got caught in the rapid water flow. “Whenever this happened, they would get stuck and then, they would have to jump off, swim to the beach and walk back home empty-handed,” says lead author Kristin Laidre, an animal ecologist at the University of Washington in Seattle.(例如，当北极熊群体的成员走出峡湾时，它们坐在上面的冰有时会被湍流的水流所困住。“每当这种情况发生时，它们就会被困住，而不得不跳下，游到海滩，空手回家，”西雅图华盛顿大学的动物生态学家Kristin Laidre说道)”可推知，如果北极熊群体走出峡湾，它们就会陷入困境。故选C。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Polar bear generally need sea ice to survive, so the discovery is raising hopes that some kinds of the polar bears might survive the loss of sea ice caused by global warming.(北极熊常常需要海冰才能生存，因此这项发现提高了人们的希望，即某些种类的北极熊可能会在全球变暖导致的海冰流失中幸存下来)”可知，本文主要讲述了研究者发现北极熊可能会在全球变暖导致海冰流失中幸存下来。由此可知，A项“没有海冰，北极熊群体可能会幸存下来”符合文章标题。故选A。
28．C
29．D
30．A
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍在英国寄宿学校里学习和生活的日常。
28．细节理解题。根据Bedtime部分“In most boarding schools, the lights go out around 10: 30 pm.”(在大多数寄宿学校，晚上10:30左右熄灯。)可知，在英国，大多数寄宿学校晚上10:30左右熄灯。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据Prep部分“An important part of boarding school life is the supervised homework session known as “prep”. Although prep might sound stressful, it’s a great way for you to keep up with your studies.”(寄宿学校生活的一个重要部分是被称为“准备”的有监督的家庭作业。虽然备考可能听起来很有压力，但这是你跟上学习进度的好方法。)可知，在寄宿学校，要想跟上学习进度，最重要部分是被称为“准备”的有监督的家庭作业。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据第一段“When you are about to go to a boarding school in England, there are many different questions that may come to mind. But once you look at them with some perspective, you will certainly feel easy. Here is a normal boarding day.”(当你要去英国的寄宿学校时，可能会想到很多不同的问题。但一旦你从某种角度看待它们，你肯定会感到轻松。接下来是寄宿学校正常的一天。)可知，这篇文章的目的是帮助读者了解英国寄宿学校里学习和生活的日常。故选A。
31．A
32．B
33．A
34．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了互联网英语已经成为来自世界最普通的语言，同时英语也在发生着变化。
31．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“particularly on the internet where less attention is paid to grammar and spelling and users don't have to worry about their accent.(特别是在互联网上，对语法和拼写的关注较少，用户不必担心他们的口音。)”可知，在网络交流中人们不需要准确地拼写。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Technology companies are introducing newly-developed English words with products aimed at enabling users to add words that are not already in the English dictionary.(科技公司正在推出新开发的英语单词，其产品旨在使用户能够添加尚未在英语词典中出现的单词。)”可知，不可能在字典里面找到所有的单词。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Instead, other languages are pushing their way into English, and in the process creating something new.(相反，其他语言正在推动进入英语，并在此过程中创造新的东西。)”可知，Mr. Munro 认为其他语言正在丰富英语，故选A。
34．主旨大意题。根据文章和第一段的“Some language experts predict that within 10 years English will occupy the internet-but informs very different to what we accept and recognize as English today.(一些语言专家预测，在10年内，英语将占据互联网，但与我们今天接受和认可的英语信息大不相同。)”和最后一段的“The increasing popularity of the internet allows more languages to develop quickly.(互联网的日益普及使更多的语言得以快速发展)”以及“Instead, other languages are pushing their way into English, and in the process creating something new.(相反，其他语言正在推动进入英语，并在此过程中创造新的东西。)”可知，文章主要介绍英语随着网络在发展。故选C。
35．D
36．C
37．A
38．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了孩子比成年人更容易学习语言的原因，并提出最好在10岁之前学习一门新语言这样一个观点。
35．词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中“The study published in the journal Cognition, found that it’s “nearly impossible” for language learners to reach native-level fluency if they start learning a second language after age 10. (这项发表在《认知》杂志上的研究发现，对于语言学习者来说，如果他们在10岁以后开始学习第二语言，达到母语水平的流利程度“几乎不可能”。)”可知在10岁以后开始学习第二语言，几乎不可能和母语一样流利，故推知“in a new study, scientist have found out the exact age after which your chances of reaching fluency in a second language seem to plummet :10.”表述的是：在一项新的研究中，科学家们发现了一个确切的年龄：10岁，在这个年龄之后，你流利掌握第二语言的可能性似乎会极剧下降，故推知划线词“plummet”的意思是“急剧下降”；故选D项。
36．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages for sound reasons. (孩子在学习新语言方面可能比成年人做得更好，是有合理的原因的。)”可知孩子在学习新语言方面可能比成年人更好，由此推知孩子在学习一门新语言方面具有优势；故选C项。
37．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“For this study, the researchers created an online test promising to guess people’s native language and home country based on their responses to English grammar questions. Almost 670,000 people took it, giving the researchers huge amounts of data from English speakers of many ages and backgrounds. Examining the responses and grammar mistakes allowed them to made unusually exact judgments about language learning. (在这项研究中，研究人员创建了一个在线测试，承诺根据人们对英语语法问题的回答来猜测他们的母语和祖国。近67万人参加了测试，为研究人员提供了大量来自不同年龄和背景的说英语者的数据。通过检查他们的回答和语法错误，他们可以对语言学习做出异常准确的判断。)”可知，文章最后一段主要是介绍这项研究的过程；故选A项。
38．标题判断题。根据第二段的“The study published in the journal Cognition, found that it’s “nearly impossible” for language learners to reach native-level fluency if they start learning a second language after age 10.(这项发表在《认知》杂志上的研究发现，如果语言学习者在10岁之后开始学习第二语言，他们“几乎不可能”达到母语水平的流利程度。)”和第三段的“Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages for sound reasons.(孩子在学习新语言方面可能比成年人做得更好，这是有原因的。)”可知，本文主要讲述了孩子比成年人更容易学习语言，在10岁之前学习新语言最好，故选项B“最好在10岁之前学习一门新语言”合适作为本文标题；故选B项。阅读理解
While you may be doing everything right, ignoring just one or two steps in the process may keep you from getting a job, especially in this fierce market. Here is a checklist that covers some of the major links in the job-search chain.
THE RESUME—Make sure it is up-to-date and tailored to the types of jobs you are seeking for. Have someone else look at your resume. If you cannot afford a career coach, give your resume to friends or family members to scrutinize. Have copies of your resume printed so that you are ready to hand them out at interviews.
COVERING LETTERS—Maybe you’ve set up a few basic styles in advance, but that’s not enough. Each covering letter should be designed to suit the job for which you are applying.
THE WARDROBE(衣橱)—Check your wardrobe to ensure that you have the appropriate professional dress, including shoes, ready for interview.
NETWORKING—Don’t isolate yourself from work through e-mail messages, phone calls, appointments and meetings keep you in touch with the outside world and prevent you from becoming depressed.
APPLICATION—A glance at huge online job sites isn’t usually the best way to find a job. You are more likely to succeed through the people you know via networking.
INTERVIEWS—If you’ve got plenty of interviews but no return calls or job offers, take a look at your interviewing skills. This is one area where investing in a career coach may pay off. But if you can’t afford one, try to find a job group or service that conducts free mock(模拟) interviews.
SUPPORT SYSTEMS—Finally, recognize that looking for job is rather difficult. Even at the best of times, a job hunt is often about rejection, and that can be hard to endure. Staying in touch with family, friends, professional networks and fellow job seekers can help you to maintain a positive attitude and a sense of perspective.
1．The author’s purpose of writing this text is to ________.
A．suggest graduates should find suitable jobs
B．give people some tips on searching for jobs
C．tell people how to improve their interview skills
D．teach people how to get ready for an interview
2．Which of the following methods is NOT true according to the text
A．You should have your resume read by your friends after finishing it.
B．You should create different covering letters for the different jobs you apply for.
C．Searching online is the most effective way to look for a job.
D．You should wear appropriate professional clothes and shoes for the interview.
3．What should you do if you don’t receive any calls after lots of interviews
A．Carefully review your interviewing skills.
B．Ask a fellow job seeker to help you.
C．Rewrite your resume as soon as possible.
D．Go to the managers’ offices to find out why.
4．It is implied in the text that ________.
A．people often pay no attention to writing their resume
B．the interview is the most difficult step for interviewees
C．a career coach often offers free mock interviews to interviewees
D．your social network may help you a lot in your job hunt
One of our biggest fears nowadays is that our kids might someday get lost in a “sea of technology” rather than experiencing the natural world. Fear-producing TV and computer games are leading to a serious disconnect between kids and the great outdoors, which will change the wild places of the world, its creatures and human health for the worse, unless adults get working on child’s play.
Each of us has a place in nature we go sometimes, even if it was torn down. We cannot be the last generation to have that place. At this rate, kids who miss the sense of wonder outdoors will not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes. “If the decline in parks use continues across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment (蚕食) ” asks Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woods.
Without having a nature experience, kids, can turn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical health and mental health, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive (认知的) skills. Experts predict modern kids will have poorer health than their parents — and they say a lack of outside play is surely part of it; research suggests that kids do better academically in schools with a nature component and that play in nature fosters (培养) leadership by the smartest, not by the toughest. Even a tiny outdoor experience can create wonder in a child. The three-year-old turning over his first rock realizes he is not alone in the world. A clump of trees on the roadside can be the whole universe in his eyes. We really need to value that more.
Kids are not responsible. They are over-protected and frightened. It is dangerous out there from time to time, but repetitive stress from computers is replacing breaking an arm as a childhood rite (仪式) of passage.
Everyone, from developers, to schools and outdoor citizens, should help regain for our kids some of the freedom and joy of exploring, taking friendship in fields and woods that cement love, respect and need for landscape. As parents, we should devote some of our energies to taking our kids into nature. This could yet be our greatest cause.
5．The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that ________.
A．kids miss the sense of wonder outdoors
B．parks are in danger of being gradually encroached
C．Richard Louv is the author of Last Child in the Woods
D．children are expected to develop into protectors of nature
6．According to the passage, children without experiencing nature will ________.
A．keep a high sense of wonder
B．be over-protected by their parents
C．be less healthy both physically and mentally
D．change wild places and creatures for the better
7．According to the author, children’s breaking an arm is ________.
A．the fault on the part of their parents
B．the natural experience in their growing up
C．the result of their own carelessness in play
D．the effect of their repetitive stress from computers
8．What does the underlined word “cement” in the last paragraph mean
A．Strengthen. B．Enrich. C．Spread. D．Present.
9．In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to ________.
A．blame children for getting lost in computer games
B．encourage children to protect parks from encroachment
C．show his concern about children’s lack of experience in nature
D．inspire children to keep the sense of wonder about things around
Taste is such a subjective matter that we don’t usually conduct preference tests for food. The most you can say about anyone’s preference is that it’s one person’s opinion. But because the two big cola companies-Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola-are marketed so aggressively, we’ve wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either Coca-cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting.
We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola Classic or Pepsi, Diet Coke, or Diet Pepsi. These were people who thought they’d have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand.
We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers. Then we fed them with four unidentified samples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other. We asked them to tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants’ choices with what mere guesswork could have accomplished.
Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought, for people who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7 out of 19 regular cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse-only 7 out of 27 identified all four samples correctly.
Both groups did better than chance would predict, but nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people got all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so tiredness, or taste burnout, was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price.
10．According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to ______.
A．reveal which cola is more to the liking of the drinkers
B．show that a person’s opinion about taste is mere guesswork
C．find out the role taste preference plays in a person’s drinking
D．compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks
11．The statistics recorded in the preference tests show that ______.
A．people’s tastes differ from one another
B．few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from Pepsi
C．Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people’s two most favorite drinks
D．there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and Pepsi
12．It is implied in the first paragraph that ______.
A．blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans
B．the competition between the two colas is very strong
C．the purpose of taste test is to promote the sale of colas
D．the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companies
13．The underlined word “burnout” here refers to the state of ______.
A．being badly damaged by fire
B．being seriously burnt in the skin
C．being unable to burn for lack of fuel
D．being unable to function because of too much use
14．The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to ______.
A．show that taste preference is highly subjective
B．argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategy
C．emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each other
D．recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas
“I don’t want to write a story about girls! I don’t know anything about girls,” Louisa May Alcott told her publisher, Mr. Niles. But she was desperate for money. She seemed to be the only one in her family who could make any money. Niles had asked her to write about something she knew, instead of the romantic adventure stories she had been writing. “So I plod away,” Alcott wrote, “though I don’t enjoy this sort of thing.” It was 1867, and the horrible Civil War was over. Now Alcott could turn her energy to making money.
Alcott wrote a simple story of life in her family, their pillow fights on Saturday nights and the amateur (业余的) plays they performed. “Our experiences may prove interesting, though I doubt it.” (“Good joke,” she wrote years later.) Her book described her days growing up with four sisters in a family that had no money. She sketched (勾画) a loving mother who took time to be interested in each child, and she told of the death of a beloved sister. She portrayed her family and friends in her book Little Women. Finally, in July of 1868, she finished writing. With a sigh and a headache, she sent off all 102 handwritten pages of her book.
Niles thought the book was dull, and so did Alcott. But when she received her copies of the book, Alcott thought it seemed better than expected. “Not a bit sensational,” she wrote, “but simple and true. We really lived most of it.” Niles asked some girls to read Little Women, and they loved it.
In three months, all the copies of Little Women had sold. It was already time to print more books! Niles thought he could sell three or four hundred more copies. “An honest publisher and a lucky author made a dull book into a golden egg for an ugly duckling,” Alcott wrote in 1885. Later, with a great sigh of relief, she was able to write, “Paid off all the debts! Now I feel that I could die in peace. If my head holds out, I’ll do all I once hoped to do.”
15．Which of the following would be used to describe Alcott’s book
A．Magic. B．Funny. C．Boring. D．Skillful.
16．In which order did the following happen
a. Alcott began writing Little Women
b. Niles asked Alcott to write about girls
c. Alcott wrote romantic adventure stories
d. Alcott performed plays with her sisters
e. Niles was not pleased with Alcott’s work.
A．a, b, e, d, c B．d, c, a, b, e C．c, b, e, d, a D．d, c, e, b, a
17．When she handed her first writing in, Niles was ______.
A．sure of her success B．happy about her work
C．unsatisfied with the work D．unpleased with the publisher
18．Alcott took up writing as a job due largely to ______.
A．love B．interest C．poverty D．encouragement
19．We learn from the story that, after Little Women sold out, ______.
A．Alcott paid off all her bills
B．Alcott wrote another book
C．some girls started to read the book
D．Niles published hundreds of books girls liked
If a business wants to sell its products internationally, it had better do some market research first. This is a lesson that some large American corporations have learned in the hard way.
What’s in the name
Sometimes the problem is the name. When General Motors introduced its Chevy Nova into Latin America, it overlooked the fact that Nova in Spanish means “It doesn’t go”. Sure enough, the Chevy Nova never went anywhere in Latin America.
Translation problems
Sometimes it is the slogan that doesn’t work. No company knows this better than Pepsi-Cola, with its “Come alive with Pepsi!” campaign. The campaign was so successful in the United States that Pepsi translated its slogan literally (按字面意思的) for its international campaign. As it turned out, the translations were not quite right. Pepsi was begging Germans to “Come out of the grave” and telling the Chinese that “Pepsi brings your ancestors back from the grave.”
A picture is worth a thousand words
Other times, the problem involves packaging. A picture of a smiling baby has helped sell countless jars of Gerber baby food. When Gerber started selling baby food in Africa, they used the same packaging as in the US, with the smiling baby on the label. Later they learned that in African countries, the picture on the jar shows what the jar has in it, for many people there can’t read.
Twist of fate
Even culture and religious factors and pure coincidence can be involved. Thorn McAn shoes have a Thorn McAn “signature” inside. To people in Bangladesh, which is a Muslim country, this signature looked like Arabic script for the word Allah. In that country, feet are considered unclean, and Muslims felt the company was offending God’s name by having people walk on it.
20．From the text we learn that ______.
A．Chevy Nova was brought in Latin America
B．General Motors did the best market research of all companies
C．the “Come alive with Pepsi” campaign worked well in the US
D．Pepsi still sold well in China owing to the translation problems
21．What was Gerber’s problem
A．The picture on the jar. B．Cultural factor.
C．Religious factor. D．A translation problem.
22．For what reason were Thorn McAn shoes turned down in Bangladesh
A．They are not designed attractively.
B．Their advertisements are not persuasive.
C．Problem for Thorn McAn was the company’s name.
D．A signature looking like the word Allah was in the shoes.
23．The intended readers of the passage are ______.
A．product advertisers B．market researchers
C．managers of Sales Department D．businesses to promote products abroad
24．What does the text mainly tell us
A．The importance of packaging B．The importance of market research.
C．How to make use of advertisements. D．Lessons from some large corporations.
The turning point of my life was my decision to give up a promising business career and study music. My parents, although sympathetic, and sharing my love of music, disapproved of it as a profession. This was understandable in view of the family background. My grandfather had taught music for nearly forty years. Though much beloved and respected in the community, he earned barely enough to provide for his large family. As a consequence of this example in the family, the very mention of music as a profession carried with it a picture of a risky existence with uncertain financial rewards. My parents insisted on college instead of a music school, and to college I went-quite happily, as I remember, for although I loved my violin and spent most of my spare time practicing, I had many other interests.
Before my graduation from college, the family met with severe financial reverses and I felt it my duty to leave college and take a job. Thus was I launched upon a business career—which I always think of as the wasted years. Now I do not for a moment mean to disparage (贬低) business. My whole point is that it was not for me. I went into it for money, and aside from the satisfaction of being able to help the family, money is all I got out of it. It was not enough. I felt that life was passing me by.
I continued to make money, and finally, bit by bit, accumulated enough to enable me to go abroad to study music. I resigned from my position and, feeling like a man released from jail, sailed for Europe. I stayed four years, worked harder than I had ever dreamed of working before and enjoyed every minute of it. “Enjoyed” is too mild a word. I walked on air. I really lived. I was a free man and I was doing what I loved to do and what I was meant to do.
If I had stayed in business, I might be a comparatively wealthy man today, but I do not believe I would have made a success of living. I would have given up all those inner satisfactions that money can never buy.
25．The writer’s parents didn’t want him to take a music career mainly because .
A．the writer didn’t show much talent in playing music
B．college was a much better option than a music school
C．it seemed an unstable and financially-challenged profession
D．the living conditions of the writer’s parents weren’t good enough
26．What can be learned about the writer’s experience of college
A．The writer enjoyed the fruitful college life
B．The writer dropped out before graduation.
C．The writer kept playing the violin every day.
D．The writer went to college unwillingly.
27．What was the most important thing the writer achieved from his business career
A．A sense of belonging
B．A considerable fortune
C．The satisfaction of helping others
D．The pride of being a wealthy man.
28．What does the underlined sentence I walked on air. in Paragraph 3 mean
A．I was interviewed by a broadcaster. B．My music was alive on broadcast.
C．I felt very relaxed indeed D．I was extremely excited
29．What message does the passage mainly convey
A．Being able to do what one loves is the best kind of life.
B．A success of living depends on one’s adaption to life.
C．One should think twice before he/she makes a decision.
D．Ups and downs make one even stronger.
Monarch butterflies migrate (迁徙) by the millions each year, making the trip from northern areas of the Continent to California and Mexico and back. Because most butterflies only live for a few weeks to a few months, it takes several generations of butterflies to complete the migration
As monarch butterflies are a threatened species with their population numbers in decline, Patrick Guerra, an assistant professor at the University of Cincinnati, and his colleagues wanted to see what types of environmental stress might be linked to their decline.
“We use monarch butterflies as a model system to understand long-distance animal migration. Our goal was to understand how environmental stress, such as different types of stress caused by urbanization, impacts animal migratory phenomena,” Guerra says.
For their study, researchers conducted lab studies where they reproduced the effects of artificial light pollution with butterflies using a flight simulator (模拟器).
“The flight simulator is like a butterfly treadmill (跑步机), in which we can study the flight behavior of insects in controlled, experimental conditions. We first tested if monarchs treated a single, artificial light source as if it were the actual sun during the day,” Guerra says.
“Once we established that they did, we then tested how the monarchs would behave when exposed to this same artificial light source during their night.”
Butterflies stayed quiet and unmoving when they were first placed in the flight simulator in the dark. But as soon as scientists turned on the light, they started flying. The light made them believe that night was day and this can cause them to fly longer at night or start flying too early.
The study has found that the internal circadian (昼夜) clock of butterflies functions normally when they are exposed to natural day night lighting cycles, but artificial light, such as a streetlight, at night can throw off a monarch butterfly’s internal compass. It can affect their circadian rhythms, which can make the monarch butterflies get lost when they try to fly the next day. This shows without darkness, the circadian clock of butterflies cannot function properly.
“When exposed to artificial light, the light can perturb the normal functioning of the animal’s circadian clock,” Guerra says. “Light pollution, particularly nighttime light pollution, causes animals to experience light at a time when they are not supposed to, e.g., at night when they are normally in the dark, and are at rest. Exposure to such light can prevent the behavior and biological process of animals which they rely on or that are regulated by the circadian clock.”
30．Why did the researchers carry out the study
A．To look for the reason for butterflies’ migration
B．To test what action should be taken to protect butterflies.
C．To know about the circadian rhythms of migratory animals.
D．To find out how the environmental stress affects animal migration.
31．What can we learn from the lab studies
A．The monarchs mistook a single, artificial light as the actual sun during the day.
B．The Butterflies moved quietly when first placed in the flight simulator in the dark
C．The monarchs got lost in direction when the light in the flight simulator was on.
D．The Butterflies were never at rest when they are exposed to the light.
32．What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment
A．Natural light contributes much to pollution
B．Migratory animals often lose their way,
C．Light pollution is increasingly serious
D．Darkness is vital to migratory animals.
33．What docs the underlined word “perturb” in Paragraph 9 probably mean
A．Stop B．Disturb. C．Reflect D．Enhance.
34．What could be the best title for the passage
A．Light pollution can interfere with butterfly migration
B．Efforts are made to save the endangered monarch butterflies.
C．Butterflies’ circadian cycle is revealed in research.
D．Human activity impacts the rest of nature negatively.
Choosing a major is one of the biggest decisions you’ll make while you’re in college. It’s important that you make your choice confidently and after some consideration
There’s Nothing Wrong With Being “Undecided”. Between 20% and 50% of college freshmen enter school without a declared major. Keep in mind that there’s nothing wrong with remaining “undecided” or “undeclared” for the first few years of your college career. You can use this time to decide what you’re interested in. Also, keep in mind that even if you do declare a major your freshman year, you can always change your mind. About one-third of first-time college students change their major within three years. Even more, over 60% of college graduates say they would go back and change their major if they could, primarily to pursue their passion areas and expand their job opportunities.
Explore Your Passions and Abilities. Set aside some time to really explore your passions and take stock of your unique abilities. With an undeclared major to start, you can take time to really delve deep into what interests you. Join clubs around campus to connect with fellow students who share your interests. Take electives in areas that you might not otherwise have an opportunity to experience. For example, when else might you be able to take a poetry course or an art history seminar College is the perfect time to step out of your box and expand your horizons. As a student with an undeclared major, you’re uniquely positioned to do just that.
Consider Employment Opportunities. While it’s important to choose a major that interests you, it’s also critical to choose a college major that will provide you with future employment opportunities. Statistically, the college majors that tend to have the most earning power are in STEM. These majors might include health sciences or computer engineering. Business majors can also expect a higher than average earning potential. That being said, employers frequently recognize that graduates who majored in the liberal arts have valuable soft skills, too, including strong communication, written and verbal skills, and leadership abilities. The key is to pick a major that will be marketable for the career you’re interested in pursuing.
Talk to an Academic Advisor. If you need a little guidance, set up an appointment with an academic advisor or career counselors. Career development counselors and academic advisors can help you narrow down your options. If you have an idea of what classes you’ve most enjoyed and what career paths are most appealing to you, working with one of these professionals might be the final push you need to pick a major.
Still have some doubts now You can submit your questions Here.
35．What can we learn from the 2nd paragraph
A．Most graduates went back to college and changed their majors for a brighter future.
B．Some students frequently change their majors throughout their college years
C．It is all right to remain undecided on majors for only the freshman year.
D．You don’t necessarily need to declare your majors upon entering college.
36．You are advised to take electives as described in the 3rd paragraph because .
A．the courses and seminars are popular with college students
B．it helps you fully explore where your interest lies
C．you can share your common interest with your fellow students
D．your major lies in the areas, you can’t miss them
37．An example of having good soft skills is that .
A．you express yourself well in a controversial business discussion
B．you fix the technical problems of computers in your office easily
C．you quickly figure out why the communication equipment doesn’t work
D．you never delegate but shoulder more of the workload at work
38．Which of the following statements is False
A．Your major should be a reflection of your interests and career goals.
B．Choose a major that will give you future employment opportunities.
C．An academic advisor or career counselors will decide the major for you.
D．You should choose your major carefully and confidently.
39．Which of the following is the passage probably taken from
A．A high school newspaper. B．A website page
C．A university guide D．A popular magazine.
When you feel thankful for things you’ve received or something that’s happened, that’s gratitude. It’s impossible to feel it in a vacuum; others are always responsible, whether they’re loved ones, strangers or a higher power. “Gratitude is how you relate to others, when you see yourself in connection with things larger than yourself” says Willibald Ruch, a psychology professor at the University of Zurich.
Nowadays, too many people don’t stop to appreciate what they have, and much less express gratitude. Our instant-satisfaction lifestyle may be to blame. “With commercial and social media, everything is speeding the younger generation to make them feel that they’re the centre of the universe,” says Tamiko Zablith, founder of the London-based etiquette consulting firm Minding Manners. “If it’s all about them, why thank others ”
However, studies have shown that people who express gratitude increase their happiness levels, lower their blood-pressure levels, get better-quality sleep, improve their relationships, have a positive impact on their depression levels and are less affected by pain. And gratitude’s positive effects are long-lasting. Canadian researchers found that people who wrote letters of thanks or performed good deeds for a mere six-week period were able to improve their mental health, decrease their bodily pain and feel more energetic for up to six months.
What about gratitude recipients who receive messages of thanks Research has confirmed that the recipients experience positive emotions when they’re singled out. “Those are happy surprises—you may not be expecting the favour to be returned,” says Jo-Ann Tsang, associate professor of psychology at Baylor University. When someone is the recipient of unexpected kindness or gratitude, he’s more likely to return the favour or pass kindness on. One study found that when someone is thanked, it more than doubles his chances of being helpful again, probably because he enjoys feeling socially valued. Zablith likes the reaction she got when she rewarded a stranger who held the door open for her at a coffee shop with his rightful place in line in front of her. “The look on his face was shock,” says Zablith. “He would be nicer to the cashier, the next person he would see at work. There’s a trickle-down effect.”
The give-and-take of gratitude can also deepen relationships. Studies show that when your partner regularly expresses gratitude, making you feel appreciated, you’re more likely to return appreciative, grateful feelings and stay committed to each other. One found that sharing gratitude with a partner makes you feel more responsible for his well-being and more satisfied with the relationship. “You feel closer to the other person, and they feel closer to you, Tsang says. “That creates an upward spiral.’
40．The author begins the passage by .
A．giving a definition B．making a comparison
C．describing an example D．quoting a famous motto
41．What might contribute to people’s less gratitude expressing nowadays
A．The fast-paced lifestyle.
B．Having fewer things to be grateful for.
C．People’s self-centeredness.
D．Being embarrassed to express appreciation
42．In paragraph 3, why are findings from Canadian researchers used
A．To let people know that efforts pay off eventually.
B．To encourage people to write thank-you notes frequently
C．To inspire people to help people in need constantly.
D．To show gratitude positively influences people for a long time.
43．What does the author imply in the last two paragraphs
A．Sharing gratitude contributes greatly to personal achievement.
B．Kindness can be passed on if the giver feels appreciated.
C．The give-and-take of gratitude can determine relationships.
D．Gratitude recipients actually expect the favor to be returned.
44．What’s the main idea of the text
A．Respect to others is highly encouraged.
B．Gratitude benefits people’s well-being
C．Unhealthy lifestyle is to blame for less appreciation.
D．Kindness shouldn’t be a one-way matter.
Edinburgh is the world’s “festival city”. The city holds 12 festivals throughout the year, half of which are celebrated during the months of July and August. Hundreds of thousands of people visit the Scottish capital during the summer to enjoy the very best of art and literature. Below are some of the events you can enjoy.
The Edinburgh International Festival
This is the original Edinburgh festival, which began in 1947. Actors, musicians, dancers and opera singers from all over the world perform for large audiences. You need tickets for most of the festival’s events, which take place in theaters around the city.
The Edinburgh Festival Fringe
This is the largest art festival in the world,with thousands of performances. Anyone can perform at the festival, and over 20,000 artists can take part. Go to the Royal Mile, one of Edinburgh’s main streets, to watch performers such as magicians, acrobats(杂技演员), and comedians.
You will meet various performance artists walking from one side of the city to the other during this festival season. However, it can get very busy, as thousands of tourists and local people fill the city streets to enjoy the shows.
The Edinburgh International Book Festival
Beginning in 1983, this is the largest book festival in the world and takes place every year in Charlotte Square Gardens in the center of Edinburgh. There are over 700 events for children and adults. You can meet many authors, talk to them, ask them to sign a book or listen to them talking about their stories.
The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival
Music lovers come to this festival to enjoy musical performances all over the city. Artists perform street theater, dance and circus shows in amazing costumes. Everyone can enjoy the music and dance performances.
45．Which festival of Edinburgh can not be enjoyed for free
A．The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival.
B．The Edinburgh Festival Fringe.
C．The Edinburgh International Festival.
D．The Edinburgh International Book Festival.
46．Tommy who loves reading is most likely to go to________.
A．The Royal Mile. B．Streets all over the city.
C．Theaters around the city. D．Charlotte Square Gardens.
47．Which statement is FALSE about the Edinburgh Festival Fringe
A．It is the largest art festival around the world.
B．The performers will walk across Edinburgh during the festival.
C．Only invited artists are allowed to perform at this festival.
D．As a tourist you will find the streets of Edinburgh crowded during the festival.
48．Which of the following performances will not be seen at the Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival
A．Circus shows. B．Magic shows. C．Street theater. D．Dance performances.
49．The passage is probably taken out of________.
A．a tourism brochure about Edinburgh.
B．a book about the history of Edinburgh.
C．a magazine introducing theaters in Edinburgh.
D．a poster to promote Edinburgh’s musical culture.
参考答案
1．B
2．C
3．A
4．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在寻找工作的时候，人们需要注意的几个方面的问题及相关建议。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Here is a checklist that covers some of the major links in the job-search chain.(下面是一份清单，涵盖了求职链中的一些主要环节)”可推知，作者写本文的目的是给找工作的人一些重要的建议。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第六段的“A glance at huge online job sites isn’t usually the best way to find a job.(浏览大型求职网站通常不是找工作的最佳途径) ”可知，在大型求职网站找工作通常不是最好的求职方式。C. Searching online is the most effective way to look for a job. (在网上寻找工作是求职最有效的方法)和以上说法相反。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“If you’ve got plenty of interviews but no return calls or job offers, take a look at your interviewing skills.(如果你有很多面试机会，但没有回电或工作邀请，那就审视一下你的面试技巧吧)”可知，如果面试很多次都没有回电，也没有工作机会，那么要审视一下自己的面试技能。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Staying in touch with family, friends, professional networks and fellow job seekers can help you to maintain a positive attitude and a sense of perspective.(与你的家人、朋友、网络上的专业认识以及其他求职者保持联系可以帮助你保持积极的态度和观点)”可推知，保持良好的社交网络可能对找工作有帮助，因为它能让你保持积极的态度和观点。D. your social network may help you a lot in your job hunt (你的社交网络可能在求职中帮你很多)符合以上推测。故选D。
5．D
6．C
7．B
8．A
9．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章表达了作者对于现在的孩子们缺乏自然体验的担忧。
5．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“At this rate, kids who miss the sense of wonder outdoors will not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes. (这样下去，那些失去了户外奇妙感觉的孩子长大后就不会成为自然景观的保护者)”以及“If the decline in parks use continues across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment (蚕食) (如果整个北美公园使用率持续下降，谁来保护公园不受侵蚀？)”可知，本段中心思想是期望孩子们发展成自然的保护者。故选D项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Without having a nature experience, kids, can turn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical health and mental health, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive (认知的) skills. (没有大自然的经历，孩子们可以过得很好，但他们错过了丰富他们生活的巨大机会。这有利于他们的身体健康和心理健康、压力水平、创造力和认知技能等方方面面)”可知，没有经历过自然的孩子身体和精神都不太健康。故选C项。
7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“It is dangerous out there from time to time, but repetitive stress from computers is replacing breaking an arm as a childhood rite (仪式) of passage. (外面的环境有时很危险，但来自电脑的重复压力正在取代折断手臂，成为童年的必经之路)”可知，作者认为儿童骨折是他们成长过程中的自然经历。故选B项。
8．词句猜测题。划线词句后文“As parents, we should devote some of our energies to taking our kids into nature. (作为父母，我们应该花一些精力带我们的孩子进入大自然)”说明父母应该把孩子带进大自然，增强孩子对大自然的热爱，从而推知划线词句“Everyone, from developers, to schools and outdoor citizens, should help regain for our kids some of the freedom and joy of exploring, taking friendship in fields and woods that cement love, respect and need for landscape. (每个人，从开发商，到学校和户外市民，都应该帮助我们的孩子重获探索的自由和乐趣，在田野和树林中建立友谊，cement对自然风景的热爱、尊重和需求)”其中划线词汇应为“增强”的意思。故选A项。
9．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中“One of our biggest fears nowadays is that our kids might someday get lost in a ‘sea of technology’ rather than experiencing the natural world. (我们现在最大的恐惧之一是，我们的孩子可能有一天会迷失在‘科技的海洋’中，而不是去体验自然世界)”可推知，作者表达了他对孩子们缺乏自然体验的担忧。故选C项。
10．C
11．D
12．B
13．D
14．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章用偏好测试证明了味觉偏好是高度主观的这样一个事实。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“we’ve wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either Coca-cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting. (我们想知道口味偏好在品牌忠诚度中究竟扮演了多大的角色。我们设立了一个品尝测试，挑战那些自称为可口可乐或百事可乐粉丝的人：在盲品中找到你的品牌)”可知在自称为可口可乐或百事可乐粉丝的人中做偏好测试，让他们盲品，看是否能够通过口味偏好找到自己的品牌。由此可知，做偏好测试是为了找出偏好在人喝饮料中起着什么作用；故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“In the end, only 7 out of 19 regular cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse-only 7 out of 27 identified all four samples correctly. (最后，在所有四项试验中，19名经常喝可乐的人中只有7人正确地说出了他们选择的品牌。饮用无糖可乐的人表现稍差，27个样本中只有7个正确识别了所有四个样本)”可推知可口可乐和百事可乐的口味差别并不大，因为只有少部分的人正确说出了他们选择的品牌；故选D项。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“But because the two big cola companies-Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola-are marketed so aggressively (但因为两大可乐公司——可口可乐和百事可乐——他们的营销非常激烈)”可知可口可乐和百事可乐这两个公司的营销手段非常激烈，故推知他们之间的竞争也是非常强烈的；故选B项。
13．词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段中“Both groups did better than chance would predict, but nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people got all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so tiredness, or taste burnout, was not a factor. (两组的表现都比随机预测的要好，但每组中有近一半的参与者两次或两次以上做出了错误的选择。有两个人把四个样本都搞错了。总的来说，一半的参与者在最后一轮品尝时的表现和第一轮一样好，所以疲劳或味觉burnout不是一个因素)”可知参与者最后一轮的表现和第一轮一样，故他们并没有因为品尝过多而造成疲劳或者味觉的耗尽而影响表现。由此可知，taste burnout是指味觉疲劳，即划线单词“burnout”的意思是“因过度使用而不能工作的”；故选D项。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Taste is such a subjective matter that we don’t usually conduct preference tests for food. (口味是一个如此主观的事情，我们通常不会对食物进行偏好测试)”可知文章开头提出“口味是一个如此主观的事情”这样一个观点，文章后面段落用一个偏好测试来证明了这一观点，全文也都是围绕这一观点在进行阐述；故选项C“show that taste preference is highly subjective (表明味觉偏好是高度主观的)”是本篇文章的写作目的；故选A项。
15．B
16．D
17．C
18．C
19．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是一个诚实的出版商Niles和一个幸运的作者Alcot把一本枯燥的书从一只丑小鸭变成金蛋的故事。
15．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Alcott wrote a simple story of life in her family, their pillow fights on Saturday nights and the amateur plays they performed. “Our experiences may prove interesting, though I doubt it.” (“Good joke,” she wrote years later.) (奥尔科特写了一个简单的故事，关于她的家庭生活，他们在周六晚上的枕头大战，以及他们表演的业余戏剧。“我们的经历可能会很有趣，尽管我对此表示怀疑。”(“好笑话，”她多年后写道。))”可知，她的书主要描写了一些有趣的家庭琐事，所以有趣可以用来描述奥尔科特的书。故选B项。
16．细节理解题。由文章前两段可判断出这些事件发生的先后顺序。根据第一段中““I don’t want to write a story about girls! I don’t know anything about girls,” Louisa May Alcott told her publisher, Mr. Niles. (“我不想写一个关于女孩的故事!”我对女孩一无所知，”路易莎·梅·奥尔科特(Louisa May Alcott)对她的出版商奈尔斯说)”以及“Niles had asked her to write about something she knew, instead of the romantic adventure stories she had been writing. “So I plod away,” Alcott wrote, “though I don’t enjoy this sort of thing.”(奈尔斯让她写一些她知道的东西，而不是她一直在写的浪漫冒险故事。奥尔科特写道：“所以我埋头苦干，尽管我不喜欢这种事。”)”可推知，ceb顺序是正常的；再根据第二段中“Alcott wrote a simple story of life in her family, their pillow fights on Saturday nights and the amateur plays they performed.(奥尔科特写了一个简单的故事，关于她的家庭生活，他们在周六晚上的枕头大战，以及他们表演的业余戏剧)”和“She portrayed her family and friends in her book Little Women. Finally, in July of 1868, she finished writing.(她在《小妇人》一书中描绘了她的家人和朋友。终于，在1868年7月，她完成了写作)”可知，奥尔科特和她的姐妹们一起表演戏剧是小时候的事，所以最先发生，所以d项是最先发生，然后是奥尔科特刚开始时是写浪漫的冒险故事，之后奈尔斯对奥尔科特的工作不满意，让她写女孩的故事，最后奥尔科特开始写《小妇人》，所以是d, c, e, b, a的顺序。故选D项。
17．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Niles thought the book was dull, and so did Alcott.(奈尔斯认为这本书枯燥乏味，奥尔科特也这么认为)”Niles认为这本书枯燥乏味，可推知，对她的作品是不满意的。故选C项。
18．推理判断题。根据第一段中“But she was desperate for money. She seemed to be the only one in her family who could make any money.(但她急需钱。她似乎是家里唯一能赚钱的人)”可推知，奥尔科特从事写作工作很大程度上是为了赚钱。故选C项。
19．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In three months, all the copies of Little Women had sold. It was already time to print more books! Niles thought he could sell three or four hundred more copies. “An honest publisher and a lucky author made a dull book into a golden egg for an ugly duckling,” Alcott wrote in 1885. Later, with a great sigh of relief, she was able to write, “Paid off all the debts! Now I feel that I could die in peace. If my head holds out, I’ll do all I once hoped to do.”(三个月后，《小妇人》就卖光了。是时候印刷更多的书了!奈尔斯认为他还能多卖出三四百本。奥尔科特在1885年写道：“一个诚实的出版商和一个幸运的作者把一本枯燥的书变成了一只丑小鸭的金蛋。”后来，她终于松了一口气，写下：“还清了所有的债务!现在我觉得我可以平静地死去。如果我的脑袋还在，我就会做我曾经希望做的一切。”)”可知，当《小妇人》卖完后，Alcott也还清了她所有的债务。故选A项。
20．C
21．A
22．D
23．D
24．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文以几个实例向我们展示一些商战中的教训，告知我们想要拓展国际市场，我们首先一定要做一些市场调查。
20．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The campaign was so successful in the United States that Pepsi translated its slogan literally (按字面意思的) for its international campaign.”（这一活动在美国非常成功，百事可乐公司甚至将其口号逐字翻译成国际活动。）由此可知，“Come alive with Pepsi”活动在美国效果很好。故选C。
21．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Later they learned that in African countries, the picture on the jar shows what the jar has in it, for many people there can’t read.”（后来他们了解到，在非洲国家，罐子上的图案显示了罐子里的东西，因为那里的许多人不识字。）由此可知，Gerber的问题出在包装图案上。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“To people in Bangladesh, which is a Muslim country, this signature looked like Arabic script for the word Allah. In that country, feet are considered unclean, and Muslims felt the company was offending God’s name by having people walk on it.”（对孟加拉国这个穆斯林国家的人来说，这个签名看起来像阿拉伯文字“Allah”。在那个国家，脚被认为是不干净的，穆斯林认为该公司让人们在Allah上行走是冒犯了上帝的名字。）由此可知，在孟加拉国，Thorn McAn鞋被拒绝的原因是鞋子上有一个签名，看起来像是“Allah”，人们认为把Allah的名字踩在脚底下是对Allah的冒犯。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段“If a business wants to sell its products internationally, it had better do some market research first. This is a lesson that some large American corporations have learned in the hard way.”（如果一个企业想要在国际上销售其产品，最好先做一些市场调查。这是一些美国大公司在经历了惨痛的教训后得到的教训。）由此可推知，这篇文章的目标读者是那些想要在国外推销产品的企业。故选D。
24．主旨大意题。根据第一段“If a business wants to sell its products internationally, it had better do some market research first.”（如果一个企业想要在国际上销售其产品，最好先做一些市场调查。）结合文章主要以几个实例向我们展示一些商战中的教训，告知我们想要拓展国际市场，我们首先一定要做一些市场调查。由此可推知，本文讲述了市场调查的重要性。故选B。
25．C
26．B
27．B
28．D
29．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者为了帮助家庭解决经济危机不得不放弃自己的音乐梦想去经商，后来他义无反顾去国外继续学习音乐的故事。
25．推理判断题。由文章第一段第六句“As a consequence of this example in the family, the very mention of music as a profession carried with it a picture of a risky existence with uncertain financial rewards. ”（作为这个家庭例子的结果，只要一提到音乐这个职业，人们就会联想到一种充满风险和不确定性的存在。）可知音乐这个职业应该是不稳定的和具有经济挑战的事业。故选C项。
26．事实细节题。根据第二段第一句“Before my graduation from college, the family met with severe financial reverses and I felt it my duty to leave college and take a job.（在我大学毕业之前，我的家庭遭遇到了严重的经济逆转，因此我觉得我有责任离开大学去参加工作。）可知作者在毕业之前辍学了。故选B项。
27．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“I continued to make money, and finally, bit by bit, accumulated enough to enable me to go abroad to study music.”（我持续不断地挣钱，最终渐渐地攒够了可以让我去国外学习音乐的钱。）可知作者在工作当中最重要的事情就是获得了可观的收入。故选B项。
28．句义猜测题。根据第三段中“I stayed four years, worked harder than I had ever dreamed of working before and enjoyed every minute of it. “Enjoyed” is too mild a word.”（我待在那里四年比以前梦想当中的工作更加努力，并且享受着每一分钟。享受对我来说是个太温柔的词汇。）可知作者对于学习音乐这件事情不仅是享受的，而且从作者表明享受这个词太温柔得出划线短语“ I walked on air.”（走在空气中）表达了作者的激动和兴奋之情。故选D项。
29．主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句“If I had stayed in business, I might be a comparatively wealthy man today, but I do not believe I would have made a success of living.”（如果我继续做生意，我或许现在是一个相当富有的人，但是我相信我不会取得生活的成功。）可知作者想要传达的观点是做自己喜欢的事情才是生活的成功这个道理。故选A项。
30．D
31．A
32．D
33．B
34．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家进行研究，发现帝王蝶在迁徙过程中会受到人为光污染的影响。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段“We use monarch butterflies as a model system to understand long-distance animal migration. Our goal was to understand how environmental stress, such as different types of stress caused by urbanization, impacts animal migratory phenomena,(我们使用帝王蝶作为一个模型系统来理解动物的远距离迁徙。我们的目标是了解环境压力，如城市化造成的不同类型的压力，如何影响动物迁徙现象)”可知，研究人员进行研究是为了了解环境压力如何影响动物迁徙。故选D项。
31．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Butterflies stayed quiet and unmoving when they were first placed in the flight simulator in the dark. But as soon as scientists turned on the light, they started flying. The light made them believe that night was day and this can cause them to fly longer at night or start flying too early.(当蝴蝶第一次被放置在黑暗中的飞行模拟器中时，它们保持安静，一动不动。但当科学家们一打开灯，它们就开始飞行。光线使它们相信夜晚是白天，这可能会导致它们在夜间飞行时间更长或过早开始飞行)”可知，帝王蝶会将单一的人造光误以为是白天的太阳。故选A项。
32．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“This shows without darkness, the circadian clock of butterflies cannot function properly.(这表明，没有黑暗，蝴蝶的生物钟就不能正常工作)”以及最后一段“Light pollution, particularly nighttime light pollution, causes animals to experience light at a time when they are not supposed to, e.g., at night when they are normally in the dark, and are at rest. Exposure to such light can prevent the behavior and biological process of animals which they rely on or that are regulated by the circadian clock.(光污染，特别是夜间光污染，会导致动物在不应该的时间体验光，例如，在它们通常处于黑暗中和处于休息状态的夜间。暴露在这种光下可以阻止它们依赖的或受由生物钟调节的动物的行为和生物过程)”可知，光污染会影响动物迁徙，黑暗对于迁徙动物至关重要。故选D项。
33．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“night lighting cycles, but artificial light, such as a streetlight, at night can throw off a monarch butterfly’s internal compass.(夜间照明周期，但夜间的人造光，如街灯，会打乱帝王蝶的内部指南针)”以及最后一段“When exposed to artificial light, the light can perturb the normal functioning of the animal’s circadian clock,(当暴露在人造光下时，光会perturb动物生物钟的正常功能)”可知，夜间的人造光会打乱帝王蝶的生物钟，干扰动物生物钟的正常功能，推测划线单词表示“干扰”，与disturb同义。故选B项。
34．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Monarch butterflies migrate by the millions each year, making the trip from northern areas of the Continent to California and Mexico and back.(每年有数百万只帝王蝶从欧洲大陆的北部地区迁徙到加利福尼亚和墨西哥，然后再迁徙回来)”、倒数第二段“The study has found that the internal circadian clock of butterflies functions normally when they are exposed to natural day: night lighting cycles, but artificial light, such as a streetlight, at night can throw off a monarch butterfly’s internal compass.(这项研究发现，当蝴蝶暴露在自然白天时，它们的内部生物钟正常工作：夜间照明周期，但夜间的人造光，如街灯，会打乱帝王蝶的内部指南针)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了人造光会干扰帝王蝶的迁徙，所以“光污染会干扰蝴蝶的迁徙”可以作为文章标题。故选A项。
35．D
36．B
37．A
38．C
39．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了如何选择大学的专业。
35．推理判断题。根据第二段“ Between 20% and 50% of college freshmen enter school without a declared major. Keep in mind that there’s nothing wrong with remaining “undecided” or “undeclared” for the first few years of your college career. You can use this time to decide what you’re interested in .”（20%到50%的大学新生入学时没有指定专业。请记住，在大学生涯的前几年保持“犹豫不决”或“未定”并没有什么错。你可以利用这段时间来决定你感兴趣的专业）可知，你不必在进入大学时就决定你的专业。故选D项。
36．细节理解题。根据第三段“Set aside some time to really explore your passions and take stock of your unique abilities. With an undeclared major to start, you can take time to really delve deep into what interests you. Join clubs around campus to connect with fellow students who share your interests. Take electives in areas that you might not otherwise have an opportunity to experience. ”（留出一些时间来真正探索你的激情，评估你的独特能力。有了一个未公开的专业开始，你可以花时间去真正深入研究你感兴趣的东西。加入校园俱乐部，与志同道合的同学建立联系。参加一些你可能没有机会体验的选修课）可知，建议你参加选修课，因为它能帮助你充分探索自己的兴趣所在。故选B项。
37．推理判断题。根据第四段“That being said, employers frequently recognize that graduates who majored in the liberal arts have valuable soft skills, too, including strong communication, written and verbal skills, and leadership abilities. ”（话虽如此，雇主们通常都认为文科专业的毕业生也有宝贵的软技能，包括良好的沟通能力、书面和口头表达能力以及领导能力）可知，软技能是指良好的沟通能力、书面和口头表达以及领导能力。因此推知，你在有争议的商业讨论中很好地表达自己是一种良好的软技能。故选A项。
38．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If you need a little guidance, set up an appointment with an academic advisor or career counselors. Career development counselors and academic advisors can help you narrow down your options. ”（如果你需要一些指导，和学术顾问或职业顾问约个时间。职业发展顾问和学术顾问可以帮助你缩小选择范围）可知，学术顾问或职业顾问会会帮助我们缩小选择范围。C选项“学术顾问或职业顾问会为你决定专业”错误。故选C项。
39．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still have some doubts now You can submit your questions Here”（现在还有些疑惑吗 你可以在这里提交问题）推知，短文来自网页。故选B项。
40．A
41．C
42．D
43．B
44．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了感恩的定义以及感恩给人带来的好处。
40．推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句话“When you feel thankful for things you’ve received or something that’s happened, that’s gratitude.(当你对你所得到的东西或发生的事情心存感激时，那就是感恩。)”可知，文章开篇给出了“感恩”的定义，作者通过下定义的方式展开本篇文章。故选A项。
41．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的““With commercial and social media, everything is speeding the younger generation to make them feel that they’re the centre of the universe,” says Tamiko Zablith, founder of the London-based etiquette consulting firm Minding Manners. “If it’s all about them, why thank others ”(“随着商业和社交媒体的发展，一切都在加速年轻一代的发展，让他们觉得自己是宇宙的中心，如果一切都是为了自己，为什么要感谢别人？”伦敦礼仪咨询公司的创始人塔米子·扎布里斯说。)”可知，如今的年轻一代认为自己就是宇宙的中心，一切都是为了自己，所以对别人的感恩就更少了。由此可知，是人们的这种“自我中心论”使得对别人的感恩更少了。故选C项。
42．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“However, studies have shown that people who express gratitude increase their happiness levels, lower their blood-pressure levels, get better-quality sleep, improve their relationships, have a positive impact on their depression levels and are less affected by pain. And gratitude’s positive effects are long-lasting. (然而，研究表明，表达感激之情的人会增加他们的快乐，降低他们的血压，获得更好的睡眠质量，改善他们的人际关系，对他们的抑郁有积极的影响，并且更少受到痛苦的影响。感恩的积极影响是持久的。)”可知，表达感激之情能增加快乐，降低血压，睡眠质量更好，能改善人际关系，对抑郁也有积极的影响，这些都是表达感激之情带来的积极影响，而这种影响是长期的。由此可知，作者使用加拿大研究人员们的发现就是为了证明这一点。故选D项。
43．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“When someone is the recipient of unexpected kindness or gratitude, he’s more likely to return the favour or pass kindness on.(当一个人收到意想不到的善意或感激时，他更有可能回报这种恩惠或将善意传递下去。)”可知，如果给予者感到被感激，善意就可能传递下去。故选B项。
44．主旨大意题。阅读文章内容可知，文章第一段介绍了感激的定义；第二段提出如今很多人不会去感激别人；第三段提到了向别人表达感激之情能增加自己的快乐，降低血压，改善睡眠和人际关系等；第四段提到了接受别人的感激和善意的人更有可能去回报这种善意或将善意传递下去；最后一段提到了互相感激也能加深彼此之间的关系。由此可推知，本文主要介绍了感恩给人们带来好处，有益于人们的幸福。B项“Gratitude benefits people’s well-being(感恩有益于人们的幸福。)”最能概括本文内容。故选B项。
45．C
46．D
47．C
48．B
49．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了爱丁堡五个的节日。
45．细节理解题。根据The Edinburgh International Festival部分的“You need tickets for most of the festival’s events, which take place in theaters around the city.(电影节的大部分活动都在全市的剧院举行，你需要买票)”可知，The Edinburgh International Festival的活动不能免费享受。故选C。
46．推理判断题。根据The Edinburgh International Book Festival部分的“Beginning in 1983, this is the largest book festival in the world and takes place every year in Charlotte Square Gardens in the center of Edinburgh.(从1983年开始，这是世界上最大的图书节，每年在爱丁堡市中心的夏洛特广场花园举行)”推知，喜欢阅读的Tommy最有可能去Charlotte Square Gardens。故选D。
47．细节理解题。根据The Edinburgh Festival Fringe部分的“Go to the Royal Mile, one of Edinburgh’s main streets, to watch performers such as magicians, acrobats(杂技演员), and comedians.(你可以去爱丁堡的主要街道之一皇家英里街(Royal Mile)观看魔术师、杂技演员和喜剧演员等表演)”可知，The Edinburgh Festival Fringe邀请了魔术师、杂技演员和喜剧演员等进行表演。C项“只有受邀的艺术家才被允许在这个节日上表演”不符合以上说法。故选C。
48．细节理解题。根据The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival部分的“Artists perform street theater, dance and circus shows in amazing costumes. Everyone can enjoy the music and dance performances.(艺术家们穿着华丽的服装表演街头戏剧、舞蹈和马戏团表演。每个人都可以欣赏音乐和舞蹈表演)”可知，在The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival人们可以观看戏剧、舞蹈和马戏。B项“魔术表演”没有提到。故选B。
49．推理判断题。根据第一段“Edinburgh is the world’s “festival city”. The city holds 12 festivals throughout the year, half of which are celebrated during the months of July and August. Hundreds of thousands of people visit the Scottish capital during the summer to enjoy the very best of art and literature. Below are some of the events you can enjoy.(爱丁堡是世界“节日之都”。这座城市全年举办12个节日，其中一半在7月和8月庆祝。夏季，成千上万的人来到苏格兰首都欣赏最好的艺术和文学。下面是一些你可以享受的活动)”并结合下文对四个节日的介绍推知，本文很有可能出现在关于爱丁堡的旅游手册上。故选A。阅读理解
PART-TIME EDITOR
KHOU has an immediate opening for an experienced, energetic part-time editor. If you enjoy working in a fast-paced team environment, we want to hear from you!
Duties
Edit videos for daily news coverage, special projects, and sweep period pieces. Provide video material to our website as needed. Gather professional videos and audio when necessary. Perform other duties in audio and video production as assigned.
Job Requirements
※ College degrees with previous newsroom experiences preferred.
※ Ability to determine good audio and picture quality; ability to edit with continuity and creativity on non-linear systems.
※ Must be tean-oriented, have a positive attitude, and posses good computer skills and strong communication skills.
※ Must be able to work a flexible shift and occasional overtime.
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KHOU has been one of the top-rated broadcasting companies in Texas for over two decades. For more than 60 years, KHOU has been a leader in local journalism, information and community involvement. KHOU continues to grow and connect with new audiences in our community by covering news stories and participating in community events that support our “KHOU Stands for Houston” brand.
1．What does the work in the advertisement include
A．Make up feature stories.
B．Put on performances in live shows.
C．Prepare video material for the website.
D．Collect all videos and audio that can be got.
2．Who has the qualification for the job mentioned in the advertisement
A．A student who is studying in a middle school.
B．A student who has never done relaled work.
C．A person who knows nothing about audio quality.
D．A person who has job-related experience and can work a flexible shift.
3．When did KHOU begin to lead local journalism
A．20 years ago. B．40 years ago.
C．60 years ago. D．80 years ago.
The “Challenger Deep”, in the southern part of the Mariana Trench, at a depth of 11,000 meters(about 36,000 feet), is the deepest point of the ocean floor, world over. The Mariana Trench was formed from collision of two tectonic (构造的) plates, which were parts of the oceanic crust. One plate sank while the other climbed over, creating the deepest point of the ocean.
If Mount Everest is placed in the depths of the Mariana Trench, it would be totally submerged in water, with about 2,000 meters of water above it! The “Challenger Deep” gets its name from the British Navy vessel called “HMS Challenger” which made a first measurement of its depth in 1875.
In 1960, man reached the ultimate depth through a special underwater exploring space craft, called “Bathyscaphe”. The submersible (可下沉的) vessel called the “Trieste” reached the “Challenger Deep” on 23nd January, 1960. At that depth, the two men who were operating the submersible had about 7 miles of water over them, which exerted a pressure of 16,000 pounds per square inch! Unfortunately, they could do little except measuring the depth as their descent raised debris which reduced their visibility to zero.
Later in 1996, the Japanese unmanned remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV), Kaiko made the deepest unmanned dive ever and brought home samples of bacteria living in these depths. The most productive dive of the “Challenger Deep” was made very recently in May 2009.The US built hybrid ROV “Nereus” reached the “Challenger Deep” and spent 10 hours on the ocean floor, sending live video data and collecting biological samples.
4．What does the “Challenger Deep” get its name from
A．An explorer. B．An island. C．A ship. D．A voyage.
5．Why is Mount Everest mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．To show the depth of the Mariana Trench.
B．To compare it to the “Challenger Deep”.
C．To show how the Mariana Trench was formed.
D．To show the importance of the Mariana Trench.
6．What did the two men do during the 1960 exploration of the “Challenger Deep”
A．They failed to measure the depth of it.
B．They only measured the depth of it.
C．They gave a more exact measurement of it.
D．They measured the depth of it with ease.
7．What contributions did the Japanese explorers make
A．They made the deepest dive. B．They made the most productive dive.
C．They spent most time underwater. D．They brought up living organisms.
People climbing Qomolangma are two times as likely to reach the top and less likely to die on the climb than 20 years ago, a new study finds. Everest is the tallest mountain above sea level on the earth. It reaches 8,848.86 meters into the sky. Between2006 and 2020, around two thirds of climbers were successful in their attempt to reach the top. In the 15 years before that, only about one-third went all the way to the top.
The study was a project of researchers at the University of Washington and the University of California, Davis. They found that the risk of dying on the mountain was 0.5 percent for women and 1.1 percent for men in recent years. That is down from 1.9 percent and 1.7 percent in the period from 1990 and 2005.
The study noted that on a single day in May of last year, 396 climbers had gathered at the narrow path just below the top. The area, known as the “death zone”, is so narrow that only a small number of climbers can pass through, one directly behind another.
A picture of climbers waiting their turn to go up and down through the death zone became famous as it was shared online. Yet researchers say the crowds were not the main reason for the deaths last year. However, overcrowding does make the climb more dangerous. If crowding slows climbers (as is expected), this increases their exposure to the elements, which should increase risk of an accident or illness. An unexpected storm, earthquake, or landslide could be disastrous.
Climbers have expressed concern that Nepal was giving anyone willing to pay the government $11,000 authorization to climb Everest.
8．What was the current death rate among female mountaineers
A．0.5%. B．1.1%. C．1.7%. D．1.9%.
9．Why does the “death zone” make climbers more dangerous
A．It is too hard to pass. B．It slows down climbing.
C．It often makes people ill. D．It usually causes climbing.
10．What does the underlined word “authorization” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Choice. B．Attempt.
C．Permission. D．Encouragement.
11．What’s the best title for the text
A．The New Height of Mount Everest
B．The Location of the Death Zone
C．The Reason Why People Climb Mount Everest
D．A New Study of Climbing Mount Everest
Israeli researchers say they have invented a reusable face mask that can kill the coronavirus with heat by drawing power from a mobile phone charger.
The disinfecting (消毒) process takes about half an hour—and users should not wear the mask while it is plugged in, said Professor Yair Ein-Eli, who led the research team at Technion University in Haifa. The new mask has a USB port that connects to a power source such as a standard cell-phone charger that heats an inner layer of carbon fibres to 70 degrees Celsius, high enough to kill viruses.
Ein-Eli said disposable masks were not economically or environmentally friendly. “You have to make it reusable and friendly, and this is our solution,” he said.
Professor Allon Moses, an infectious diseases expert at Jerusalem’s Hadassah Medical Center, said there was “no question” that a half hour’s exposure to 70-degrce heat would kill the coronavirus. But he cautioned that repeated heating could “damage the mask’s paper or fabric and spoil its ability to protect from diseases in the future”.
During testing, the prototype was exposed to 20 heating cycles, each for half an hour, with no impact on durability, Ein-Eli said. “We can guarantee it up to a few dozen cycles, without any risk,” he added.
The prototypc looks like a standard N95 face mask, with a valve (阀) at the front and bands to hold it in place around the head. The researchers submitted (递交) a patent for the mask in the United States in late March and say they are discussing commercializing the product with the private sector.
12．How long does the disinfecting process usually take
A．Around 20 minutes. B．Around 30 minutes.
C．Around 60 minutes. D．Around 70 minutes.
13．Why do Israeli researchers invent a new face mask
A．To kill viruses thoroughly. B．To spread a novel idea.
C．To replace the traditional ones. D．To make reusable and friendly ones.
14．What was Allon Moses’ concern according to the text
A．The reusable face masks could be unhealthy.
B．70-degree heat would hurt people in a way.
C．The cost of reusable face masks might be high.
D．The function of mask to prevent disease could be affected.
15．What’s the best title for the text
A．A Mask for Curing the Coronavirus
B．The Latest Style of the Standard N95
C．A Kind of Mask Killing Viruses with Heat
D．The Cheapest Mask Instead of the Standard N95
It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into an argument. We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly, my mother will push the conversation into World War 3. She’ll talk about my lack of bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor. And much to her disappointment, I don’t want to do any job related to science, either. In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major (主修) in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.
“Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son ” she bemoans all the time. Her coworker’s son received a four-year scholarship and is now earning 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don’t know what to answer except that I simply can’t be like Mr. Perfect as I’ve called the unnamed co-worker’s son. I can’t be like him. I am the type of the person who loved to help out in the community, write until the sun goes down, and most of all, wants to achieve a career because I love it, not because of a fame or salary.
I understand why my mother is anxious about my future major. I’ve seen my mother struggle to raise me on her small salary and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes home around 5 pm or even 6 pm. However, I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesn’t mean I’ll be successful. I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future.
16．Which of the following topics do the writer and his mother often talk about
A．the writer’s future job
B．wars around the world
C．dinner plans
D．the writer’s studies
17．We can infer from Paragraph 1 that the writer’s mother________.
A．doesn’t think the writer should be a doctor
B．doesn’t want the writer to major in English
C．gets along very well with the writer
D．doesn’t think working in the scientific field is a good idea
18．The underlined word “bemoans” in Paragraph 2 most probably means “________”.
A．disagrees B．cries
C．smiles D．complains
19．Which of the following statements is probably TRUE about the writer
A．He wants to be like his mother’s co-worker’s son.
B．He wants to find a job in his community in the future.
C．He wants to do something he really likes in the future.
D．He doesn’t think his mother’s co-worker’s son is perfect.
In today’s society, every day we may face some kinds of stress and difficulties from work, schools or families. They can influence both our bodies and minds. So learning how to deal with stress is very important for keeping healthy. Well, how do we reduce stress In my opinion, the best ways are exercising and getting close to nature.
As for exercising, you don’t have to go to a gym or spend much money on exercise. In fact, walking or riding to work, chasing ( 追 逐 ) your kids and doing housework are all suitable for exercise .The second way of dealing with stress is to get close to nature. You can take many ways, including walking in the forests, climbing up mountains or working in the garden. Nature is very great and if you can get close to it, you can enjoy the smell and the sight of green plants, and then let your heart be delighted (快乐的).
Some of these activities may offer two advantages. For example, by working in your garden, not only can you get exercise, but also you can enjoy the beauty of your garden every day. So, take my advice and start now, if you are suffering (遭受) from some kinds of pressure in your work or study. Good luck!
20．Working in the garden makes you________.
A．get exercise B．feel bored C．have pressure D．feel happy
21．If you want to exercise, you can ________.
A．do housework B．ride to work C．Both A and B D．drive to work
22．The underlined word “reduce” means ________in Chinese.
A．认识 B．减少 C．预防 D．增加
23．From the passage, we can know ________.
A．Stress is only bad for our bodies, not for our minds.
B．Getting close to nature is one of the best ways of reducing stress.
C．A gym is a good place to help people enjoy the smell and the sight of nature.
D．There only few ways of reducing stress.
Habitat loss, pesticides (农药) and climate change are threatening insect populations worldwide. In 2019, Biological Conservation reported that 40% of all insects species are declining (减少) globally and that a third of them are endangered.
And while it may sound nice to live in a world with fewer bad insects, environmental writer Oliver Milman says that human beings would be in big trouble without insects. That’s because insects play important roles in pollinating (给……授粉) plants we eat, breaking down waste in forest soil and forming the base of a food chain that other larger animals—including humans—rely upon.
“It would be an extremely terrible place to live in—and certainly not something we should ever aim for,” Milman says of an insect-free existence. “You would certainly have mass starvation and social unrest... It’d be a place where there would be smelly waste and dead bodies everywhere because insects that break down those materials would be gone.”
Milman charts the troubling decline of insects in his new book, The Insect Crisis: The Fall of the Tiny Empires That Run the World. He says that while it’s impossible to know exactly what’s happening with every insect species in the world, the overall trends are not good: The butterfly population in North America has declined quickly in the past 40 years, for example, and a U. N. assessment done in 2019 found that half a million insect species are under threat of extinction, some in the coming decades.
“The world, our surroundings, would be far quieter, far duller without insects,” he says. “When you start kind of digging down into these figures looking at the research, it’s clear that there’s something seriously wrong... There is a straight decline in most insect populations, and that spells major trouble for them but also for us.”
24．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about insects
A．Their importance. B．Their classification.
C．Their food chain. D．Their population.
25．What can be inferred about Milman’s new book
A．It tells what’s happening with all insect species.
B．It describes the worrying decline of insects.
C．It shows half a million butterfly species will be in danger of extinction.
D．It explains why the number of butterflies in South America has increased.
26．What is the author’s attitude to the decline of insect population
A．Positive. B．Worried. C．Unconcerned. D．Doubtful.
27．What is the text mainly about
A．The introduction of the endangered insects.
B．The ways of increasing insects’ population.
C．The effects of the declining insects’ population.
D．The reasons of threatening insects’ population.
Futurologists are making a lot of predictions about our future life and they are predicting how we will travel, work and live in the future. By 2049, some futurologists foresee that some “talking” buildings will appear in our life.
By the middle of the century, it’s believed that buildings will be able to “talk” to people through various sensors when the heating needs to be turned on. As a result, there will be no switches. Instead, a lot of networks will appear, which can be compared to a human nervous system. In the future, buildings will be made from concrete plastics and shape-changing materials. All of them can heal themselves at that time. As architects are racing to develop the world’s tallest buildings, there will be a need for new kinds of elevators, through which vehicles could even travel into the buildings. German engineers have already started working on such technology called Multi.
By mid-century, scientists believe that buildings will be miles tall. Some of them may be very large and they can function as small cities. By comparison, at present, the world’s tallest building, the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, measures 829.8 metres high. As the future building can rise through the clouds, their windows will be replaced by virtual screens. In this way, people can choose any view as they like.
A London Spaceport is also likely to come into being by 2049 as the space industry develops very quickly. There is a huge cost advantage in going to space from a base as high as possible, so a spaceport is very likely to be over 10 km and even as much as 30 km, using carbon-based materials.
28．How will the heating system be controlled in the future
A．Through the net. B．Through mobiles.
C．Through sensors. D．Through switches.
29．What might happen to the future buildings in a disaster
A．They can recover by themselves.
B．They can seek help automatically.
C．They can transport people to space.
D．They can protect people against harm.
30．What’s the possible advantage of Multi
A．Seeing the beautiful scenery.
B．Allowing vehicles to enter buildings.
C．Connecting the earth with space.
D．Making it possible to build high buildings.
31．Which is the best title for the text
A．Be the Best Buildings with Carbon-based Materials
B．The Higher the Building, the Better
C．Smart Buildings in the Future
D．More Functions, Less Cost
Summer Camp Jobs
Looking to have the best summer experience ever Our camps employ staff (员工) for a number of roles, including camp counsellors (顾问), sports specialists, and arts, theatre and outdoor adventure specialists. It would be better if you have any experience in working with children! JCUSA (Jewish Camps USA) will work with you to find the most suitable role and camp for you.
What you are going to do
This is a job like no other; we personally get to know you and our most important thing is to make sure that you go to a camp that suits you best.
★ The right overnight camp: You can select this kind of camp to have a start. Don’t worry. You will feel comfortable and right at home.
★ The correct role: At camps there are many different roles and we will decide together from your application and interview what will suit you best. We will look into your previous experiences and focus on what you need for your future to give you the chance to do something you love every day.
★ Ready for camping: You will have specific training for your role at the camp so you will be fully prepared for your job. You will be part of a group to go to camp and will know everyone before going.
What we offer
★ You will get paid in your first year between $1,650 and $2,400. The salary is based upon the completion of your camp task.
★ You will get a chance to go with a group of JCUSA staff and meet them before you arrive at your own camp.
★ You will travel around the USA for up to 60 days!
What we ask
★ You need to finish high school and must be 18 by 2021.
★ You are energetic, outgoing and looking for a cultural summer experience.
★ You do not need to be Jewish to apply to work at a Jewish summer camp.
32．Which of the following is an advantage for an applicant to get the job
A．Having a night job. B．Working with kids.
C．Studying abroad. D．Being a gardener.
33．What will the new staff get
A．A new specific training card.
B．A salary of more than $2,400 a month.
C．A chance to travel around the world for 60 days.
D．A chance to work with a group of JCUSA staff.
34．Which is unnecessary for the new staff
A．They must be 18 or older by 2021.
B．They should graduate from high school.
C．They need to be Jewish for a Jewish summer ramp.
D．They should be outgoing and willing to camp.
It was a cold winter. The wind blew all night and the snow was blinding. When the morning came, my three children and I got up and made our way to the windows. As we looked out of the window, we saw that the hen house was gone. Our three hens had been blown away.
I looked at the emptiness outside. Then I saw all three chickens sitting around the edge of a white bucket. How was this violent wind not blowing them into the field beyond
I quickly pulled on my husband’s long snow pants and heavy winter coat, wrapped a scarf and stuck my feet into very large boots.
I shouted at the wind as it blew. I was alone, except my children. They stared out of the window into the vast white sea of snow and their eyes peeled for any sign of movement. Outside I heard the sound of my boots as I walked against the wind.
The snow circling around me, I steadily made my way to the soft cluck-cluck-cluck sound my hens always made. When I reached them, I saw that their little feet were holding on to the edge of the bucket, heads bent forward and away from the wind. I gently lifted each hen and put it carefully into the warm inside. Then I began the freezing walk back to the small shed directly behind our house. One by one I laid my chickens on the cold floor, and they began to cluck softly.
As I shut the shed doors, my eyes went directly to the window where my children were watching. They jumped up and down cheering, and so did I! I wasn’t some dragon slayer (屠杀者) from a fairy tale. I was simply a mom, but the look on my children’s faces told me that they thought I was a hero mom.
35．Seeing all three chickens sitting around the bucket, the author felt ________.
A．incredible B．worried C．shy D．confident
36．How did the author reach the hens
A．By searching for the white bucket. B．By wearing protective clothes.
C．By following the sound of the hens. D．By shouting at the hen house.
37．From the story, we know that ________.
A．the author’s children liked dragon slayers B．the children watched their mother all the way
C．the author struggled to be a hero D．the author enjoyed herself in the snow
参考答案：
1．C
2．D
3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一则招聘信息，KHOU公司计划招聘一位有经验的兼职编辑。文中说明了应聘条件，并对KHOU公司作了简要介绍。
1．细节理解题。根据 Duties 部分中的“Provide video material to our website as needed.”（根据需要，提供视频资料到我们的网站）可知，兼职编辑需要为网站准备一些视频资料。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。Job Requirements 部分中的第一条要求“College degrees with previous newsroom experiences preferred.”（大学学历，有新闻编辑部工作经验者优先）和最后一条要求“Must be able to work a flexible shift and occasional overtime.”（必须能够灵活轮班，偶尔加班）可知，有相关工作经验、能够灵活轮班的人有资格应聘。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。About US 部分中的“For more than 60 years, KHOU has been a leader in local journalism, information and community involvement.”（60多年来，KHOU一直是当地新闻、信息和社区参与的领导者）可知， KHOU公司在60多年前就在当地的新闻行业处于领先地位。故选C项。
4．C
5．A
6．B
7．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了世界上最深海沟“Challenger Deep”的探索历史。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The ‘Challenger Deep’ gets its name from the British Navy vessel called ‘HMS Challenger’ which made a first measurement of its depth in 1875.”（‘Challenger Deep’这个名字来源于英国海军舰艇‘HMS Challenger’，这艘船在1875年第一次测量了它的深度。）可知，“Challenger Deep”的名字来源于英国的一所舰船。故选C项。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段“If Mount Everest is placed in the depths of the Mariana Trench, it would be totally submerged in water, with about 2,000 meters of water above it! ”（如果把珠穆朗玛峰放在马里亚纳海沟的深处，它将完全淹没在水中，上面大约有2000米高的水！）由此可推知，提及珠峰是为了显示马里亚纳海沟的深度。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Unfortunately, they could do little except measuring the depth as their descent raised debris which reduced their visibility to zero.”（不幸的是，他们只能测量深度，因为他们的下降产生了碎片，使能见度降至零。）可知，1960年，这两个人仅仅测量了海沟的深度。故选B项。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Later in 1996, the Japanese unmanned remotely operated underwater vehicle(ROV), Kaiko made the deepest unmanned dive ever and brought home samples of bacteria living in these depths.”（1996年晚些时候，日本无人遥控水下航行器(ROV) Kaiko进行了有史以来最深的无人潜水，并带回了生活在这些深度的细菌样本。）可知，日本探索者从海沟带来了活细菌，即带回来活的有机体。故选D项。
8．A
9．B
10．C
11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究发现，攀登珠穆朗玛峰的人登顶的几率是20年前的两倍，攀登过程中死亡率也降低了。
8．细节理解题。根据根据第二段第二句“They found that the risk of dying on the mountain was 0.5 percent for women and 1.1 percent for men in recent years. (他们发现，近年来，女性死于山上的风险为0.5%，男性为1.1%)”可知，目前女性死于登山的风险为0.5%。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。根据第四段中第四句“If crowding slows climbers (as is expected), this increases their exposure to the elements, which should increase risk of an accident or illness. (如果拥挤减慢登山者的速度（正如预期的那样），这会增加他们接触恶劣天气的机会，因而加发生事故或疾病的风险)”可知，death zone减缓登山者的速度，增加他们暴露在自然环境中的机会，也就增加了发生事故或生病的风险。故选B项。
10．词义猜测题。根据前文和最后一段“Climbers have expressed concen that Nepal was giving anyone willing to pay the government $11,000 authorization to climb Everest. (登山者表示对尼泊尔正在向任何愿意向政府支付11000美元攀登珠穆朗玛峰的authorization而担忧)”可知，攀登珠穆朗玛峰很危险，但无论是谁愿意支付11,000美元来攀登珠峰，尼泊尔政府都会发放许可，这一点使得攀登者们担忧。故推测此处画线词authorization的意思是“授权，许可”的意思。故选C项。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“People climbing Qomolangma are two times as likely to reach the top and less likely to die on the climb than 20 years ago, a new study finds. Everest is the tallest mountain above sea level on the earth. It reaches 8,848.86 meters into the sky. Between2006 and 2020, around two thirds of climbers were successful in their attempt to reach the top. In the 15 years before that, only about one-third went all the way to the top. (一项新的研究发现，攀登珠穆朗玛峰的人到达山顶的可能性是20年前的两倍，在攀登中死亡的可能性也更小。珠穆朗玛峰是地球上海拔最高的山峰。它达到8848.86米的天空。在2006年至2020年期间，大约三分之二的登山者成功登顶。在那之前的15年里，只有大约三分之一的人一路走上了顶峰)”可知，文章主要介绍了有关攀登珠峰的新研究发现：与20年前相比，攀登珠峰的人成功登顶的可能性增加了两倍，死于攀登的可能性也降低了。D项A New Study of Climbing Mount Everest作为文章标题最佳。故选D项。
12．B
13．D
14．D
15．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了以色列理工学院的科研人员近日研发出新型的充电口罩，这种口罩通过充电加热杀死口罩上的病毒。而且这种新型充电口罩既经济又环保。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“The disinfecting(消毒) process takes about half an hour...(消毒过程耗时大约30分钟)”可知，口罩消毒过程大约花费半小时。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Ein-Eli said disposable masks were not economically or environmentally friendly. “You have to make it reusable and friendly, and this is our solution,” he said.(恩伊莱说，一次性口罩既不经济也不环保。他说:“你必须让它可重复使用且友好，这就是我们的解决方案。”)”可知，科学家们发明这种新口罩，是为了让它们既经济又环保。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“But he cautioned that repeated heating could ‘damage the mask’s paper or fabric and spoil its ability to protect from diseases in the future’.(但他警告说，反复加热可能会“损坏口罩的纸张或面料，并破坏其未来抵御疾病的能力”)”可知，阿龙·摩西教授担心的是反复加热对口罩预防疾病功能的破坏。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Israeli researchers say they have invented a reusable face mask that can kill the coronavirus with heat by drawing power from a mobile phone charger.(以色列研究人员称，他们已经发明了一种可重复使用的口罩，可以通过从手机充电器充电来加热杀死冠状病毒)”并结合下文内容可知，文章主要围绕这种可通过充电加热杀死病毒的新口罩展开介绍。C项“一种发热的杀菌口罩”作为文章标题最佳。故选C。
16．A
17．B
18．D
19．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者的母亲谈话时总是会将话题转到作者未来的职业上，她希望作者以后能当医生，因为作者计划主修英语和传播学而为作者焦虑，作者理解母亲的想法，但是想追随自己的梦想，做自己想做的事
16．细节理解题。根据第一段“She’ll talk about my lack of bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor. (她会说我前途渺茫，因为我不打算当医生。)”可知，作者母亲经常和作者会谈到作者未来的工作，故选A项。
17．推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“And much to her disappointment, I don’t want to do any job related to science, either. In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major (主修) in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack. (令她失望的是，我也不想做任何与科学有关的工作。事实上，当我被迫说我打算主修英语和传播学时，她差点心脏病发作。)”可知，作者妈妈不赞成作者主修英语。故选B项。
18．词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major (主修) in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack. (事实上，当我被迫说我打算主修英语和传播学时，她差点心脏病发作。)”可知，母亲对作者要选的主修专业很不满意，而划线词前的句子“Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son (你为什么不能像我同事的儿子那样？)”，后一句“Her coworker’s son received a four-year scholarship and is now earning 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. (她同事的儿子获得了四年的奖学金，现在是一名工程师，年薪7万美元。)”可知，作者的妈妈认为同事的儿子选对了专业，参加工作时才能多赚钱，因此作者在学业和未来的工作方面的计划令作者母亲很头疼，经常抱怨。由此猜测划线词bemoans意为“抱怨”，与complain同义。故选D项。
19．细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后两句“However, I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesn’t mean I’ll be successful. I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future. (然而，我想让她知道，成为一名医生并不意味着我就会成功。我宁愿追随我的梦想，创造我自己的未来。)”可知，作者不认为母亲对自己的职业期待适合自己，所以想做自己真正喜欢的事。故选C项。
20．A
21．C
22．B
23．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲的是锻炼身体与接近大自然是两种处理压力最好的方式。
20．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“For example, by working in your garden, not only can you get exercise, but also you can enjoy the beauty of your garden every day.(例如，通过在花园里工作，您不仅可以锻炼身体，还可以每天享受花园的美丽。)”可知，在花园中工作可以让你得到锻炼还能享受到大自然的美丽。故选A项。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In fact, walking or riding to work, chasing ( 追 逐 ) your kids and doing housework are all suitable for exercise .(其实，走路或者骑车上班，追逐孩子，做家务，都是锻炼。)”可知，锻炼的方式既有做家务，又有骑车上班。故选C项。
22．词句猜测题。根据划线单词前的句子“So learning how to deal with stress is very important for keeping healthy.(因此，学习如何应对压力对于保持健康非常重要。)”可知，学会如何处理压力对我们保持健康是很重要的，所以，结合选项可以猜测，划线单词应该是表示“减少”压力，与上文内容吻合。故选B项。
23．细节理解题。根据首段最后一句“Well, how do we reduce stress In my opinion, the best ways are exercising and getting close to nature.(那么，我们如何减轻压力？在我看来，最好的方法是锻炼身体和亲近大自然。)”可知，在作者看来，锻炼与接近大自然是最好的减压方式，所以接近大自然是减压的方式之一。故选B项。
24．A
25．B
26．B
27．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是昆虫数量下降对人类产生的影响。
24．主旨大意题。根据第二段“That’s because insects play important roles in pollinating (给……授粉) plants we eat, breaking down waste in forest soil and forming the base of a food chain that other larger animals—including humans—rely upon.(这是因为昆虫在为我们食用的植物授粉、分解森林土壤中的废物和形成其他大型动物——包括人类，所依赖的食物链的基础方面发挥着重要作用。)”可知，本段主要介绍了昆虫的重要性。故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Milman charts the troubling decline of insects in his new book, The Insect Crisis: The Fall of the Tiny Empires That Run the World. He says that while it’s impossible to know exactly what’s happening with every insect species in the world, the overall trends are not good.(米尔曼在他的新书《昆虫危机：统治世界的小帝国的衰落》中描绘了昆虫令人不安的衰落。他说，虽然不可能确切知道世界上每一种昆虫的情况，但总体趋势并不好。)”可知，米尔曼的这本新书中主要描述了令人担忧的昆虫数量的下降情况。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据第二段中介绍了昆虫的重要性，第四段中以米尔曼的新书描述了昆虫令人不安的衰落。同时根据文中最后一段中“There is a straight decline in most insect populations, and that spells major trouble for them but also for us.(大多数昆虫的数量直线下降，这给它们和我们都带来了很大的麻烦。)”可知，作者对昆虫下降的态度是担忧的。故选B。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文，以及最后一段中“There is a straight decline in most insect populations, and that spells major trouble for them but also for us.(大多数昆虫的数量直线下降，这给它们和我们都带来了很大的麻烦。)”可知，文章主要介绍了昆虫下降对人类产生的影响。C选项“The effects of the declining insects’ population.( 昆虫数量下降的影响。)”概括文章主要内容。故选C。
28．C
29．A
30．B
31．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。未来学家对我们未来的生活做了很多预测，他们预测我们未来将如何旅行、工作和生活。一些未来学家预测，到2049年，一些会“说话”的建筑将出现在我们的生活中。文章主要介绍了未来的智能建筑。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“By the middle of the century, it’s believed that buildings will be able to “talk” to people through various sensors when the heating needs to be turned on.(据信，到本世纪中叶，当需要打开暖气时，建筑物将能够通过各种传感器与人“交谈”)”可知，未来的暖气系统将通过传感器进行控制。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In the future, buildings will be made from concrete plastics and shape-changing materials. All of them can heal themselves at that time. (未来，建筑将由混凝土、塑料和变形材料建造。那时它们都能治愈自己)”可推知，未来的建筑可以在灾难中自行恢复。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As architects are racing to develop the world’s tallest buildings, there will be a need for new kinds of elevators, through which vehicles could even travel into the buildings. German engineers have already started working on such technology called Multi.(随着建筑师们竞相建造世界上最高的建筑，对新型电梯的需求将会出现，车辆甚至可以通过电梯进入大楼。德国工程师已经开始研究这种名为Multi的技术)”可知，Multi的优点是能够让车辆进入楼房。故选B。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“By 2049, some futurologists foresee that some “talking” buildings will appear in our life.(一些未来学家预测，到2049年，一些会“说话”的建筑将出现在我们的生活中)”及下文介绍可知，文章主要介绍了未来的智能建筑。由此可知，Smart Buildings in the Future(未来的智能建筑)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。
32．B
33．D
34．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章为招聘广告，主要内容为招募夏令营员工的信息。
32．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It would be better if you have any experience in working with children! (如果你有和孩子在一起的工作经验就更好了！)”可知，有和孩子在一起的工作经验是求职者获得这份工作的一个优势。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据文章第二个小标题What we offer下面的“★ You will get a chance to go with a group of JCUSA staff and meet them before you arrive at your own camp.(有机会与一群JCUSA的工作人员一起去，并在到达自己的营地之前与他们见面)”可知，新员工有机会与JCUSA的工作人员一起工作。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话“★ You do not need to be Jewish to apply to work at a Jewish summer camp. (申请在犹太人夏令营工作，你不需要是犹太人)”可知，申请这份工作不一定要是犹太人， C项表达错误，是不必要的。故选C。
35．A
36．C
37．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了一个寒冷的冬夜之后，自家的三只鸡被吹到了一个桶边，在孩子鼓励的眼神下，作者勇敢地拯救了它们，主要为了告诉我们在每个孩子眼里，妈妈都是一位英雄。
35．推理判断题。根据第二段“How was this violent wind not blowing them into the field beyond (这狂风怎么没有把它们吹到外面的田野里？)”可知，看见三只鸡都在水桶周围，作者感到不可思议。故选A。
36．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The snow circling around me, I steadily made my way to the soft cluck-cluck-cluck sound my hens always made.(雪在我的周围打转，我稳步地向我的母鸡经常发出的柔和的咯咯声走去)”可知，作者是通过小鸡发出的声音找到它们的，故选C。
37．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As I shut the shed doors, my eyes went directly to the window where my children were watching. They jumped up and down cheering, and so did I!(当我关上小屋的门时，我的目光直接投向了我的孩子们正注视着的窗户。他们跳上跳下欢呼，我也一样！)”可以得知，孩子们全程看着作者救这三只小鸡。故选B。阅读理解
A study done by University of Michigan researchers found that shopping to relieve stress was up to 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and that shoppers were three times less sad compared to those who only browsed for items without buying.
More than half of the 1,000 consumers surveyed said they had impulsively (冲动地) shopped to deal with feelings of stress, anxiety or depression. Twenty-three percent of respondents said they had maxed out a credit card to relieve stress.
In terms of age, 68 percent of Millennials (千禧一代) said they would go shopping when having stress, compared to 53 percent of Gen Xers, who were born between 1965 and 1976, and only 26 percent of baby boomers born after World War Ⅱ.
In regards to genders, 48 percent of men and 31 percent of women purchased alcohol impulsively when stressed. Eighty-two percent of women spent on clothing compared to 52 percent of men. 42 percent of women also preferred to buy jewellery, compared to 22 percent for men, with men spending more for electronics 44 percent versus 30 percent for women.
In fact, shopping to reduce stress can actully help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered. The survey found that 82 percent had only positive feelings about their purchases and that the positive mood boost was long-lasting. Shopping to relieve stress is also called retail therapy as a form of regulating stress. However, the side effect of it can start out as a relatively harmless mood booster but could possibly grow into a compulsion (冲动) that causes financial collapse and conflict, thereby adding a significant amount of stress to a person’s life.
1．What can we infer about the finding of the study
A．Shopping was three times more effective to relieve stress.
B．23 percent of respondents maxed out a credit card to relieve stress.
C．Younger people tended to go shopping to relieve stress.
D．Most men preferred alcohol and electronics to relieve stress.
2．How does the author develop the finding of the study in paragraph 4
A．By clarifying a concept. B．By presenting a fact. C．By making an argument. D．By making a comparison.
3．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to
A．The retail therapy. B．The stress regulation. C．The mood booster. D．The shopping survey.
4．What is the author’s purpose of writing this article
A．To share people’s preferences for shopping. B．To introduce the effect of shopping.
C．To recommend ways of shopping. D．To show the popularity of shopping.
A newly developed disposable paper battery promises to make a big impact on single-use electronics. The battery that has been demonstrated by researchers is biodegradable (可生物降解的), made from sustainable materials, and cheap to put together. What’s more, it can be produced in a variety of shapes and sizes as needed.
To give an idea of the power, a two-cell battery was enough to power an LCD alarm clock. While it won’t be charging up your computer anytime soon, there’s lots of potential for low-powered sensors. “We present a printed paper battery developed to power single-use disposable electronics and to reduce their environmental impact to the lowest level,” write the researchers in their published paper.
The battery is based on a metal-air electrochemical cell. Made from sodium chloride salt-diffused (氯化钠盐扩散的) paper, it can measure as little as one square centimeter, and is based on printed inks. All that’s needed, then, is a small amount of water, as little as two drops. This dissolves the salts within the paper, and then activates the battery as they travel. The battery starts producing power around 20 seconds after water is added, according to the experiments carried out by the team.
Although the performance decreases over time as the paper dries out, it can be topped up to some extent with more water. The researchers say they want to improve the efficiency of the battery in the future, and get it working for longer.
“With a rising awareness of the e-waste problem and the emergence of single-use electronics for applications, there is a growing need for low environmental impact batteries,” write the researchers.
5．Which of the following statement about the paper battery is true
A．It is made from single-use materials. B．It is costly to put together.
C．It can be produced in diverse shapes. D．It can be used to charge up your computer.
6．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．How the paper battery works. B．What the paper battery consists of.
C．Why the paper battery is popular. D．Where the paper battery can be applied.
7．What does the underlined phrase “topped up” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Declined B．Maintained C．Increased D．Changed
8．What is the researchers’ attitude towards the future of the paper battery
A．Indifferent B．Pessimistic C．Cautious D．Promising
Mount Qingyuan Tourist Attraction is located in Quanzhou city, Fujian province, and is renowned for its quiet scenery and ancient cultural landscapes.
The mountain features granite rocks(花岗岩) with the summit at 618 meters. The annual average temperature is between 17℃ and 21.3℃, making it an ideal getaway at any time of the year.
According to historical records, the mountain was developed as early as the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BC). After centuries of development, there are still nine statues from the Song (960-1279) and Yuan (1271-1368) dynasties, about 700 ruins of stone carvings and many stone structures dating back to the Yuan and Ming (1644-1911) dynasties.
The most representative highlight of the tourist attraction is the statue of Laozi, which is renowned for being the largest stone carving made during the Song Dynasty. Laozi is the author of the Tao Te Ching, the founder of philosophical Taoism. The statue is a Major Historical and Cultural Site protected at the National Level. It measures 8 meters in length, 6.85 meters in width, and 5.63 meters in height, occupying 55 square meters.
Scenic Spot Level: AAAAA
Ideal Sightseeing Season: all year
Recommended Duration For A Visit: Half a day
Opening Hours: 5:00-18:00
Ticket Price: 70 yuan
Free admission for children under 6 years or 1.2 meters; Quanzhou residents between 60 and 70 years old; visitors over 70 years old; the military; retired public servants; and the disabled with valid certificates (ID, passport, etc)
50 percent off ticket prices for visitors between 6 and 18 years old; full-time students; teachers; visitors between 60 and 70 years old with valid certificates
Address: Fengze district, Quanzhou, Fujian province
Bus Routes: 3, 10, 15, 28, 30, 45, 202, 209, 601, K1
Note: Some scenic spots might close due to landslides.
9．Which of the following statement about the statue of Laozi is true
A．It is the most famous part of Mount Qingyuan Tourist Attraction.
B．It is known for being the largest stone carving in history.
C．It is a Historical and Cultural Site protected at the international Level.
D．It is 8 meters long and 5.63 meters wide.
10．How much should a couple with a child aged 10 pay for admission
A．210 yuan B．175 yuan C．140 yuan D．105 yuan
11．Where is the passage most probably taken from
A．a research report B．a local newspaper C．a nature magazine D．a travel brochure
Housemates make posters to lighten the mood amid the challenges of the ongoing COVID-19 outbreak. Posters featuring a character that resembles the Disney robot Baymax have been making rounds on the internet and drawing praise from netizens for lightening the mood amid the epidemic.
Made by Chen Mengying, 32, and her American housemate Stacey Klinge, 33, the posters also feature humorous phrases related to lockdown life. The duo (搭档), who live in Tianyuan housing community, say they came up with the poster after realizing how tense the mood in their community had become as it faced lockdown challenges. According to Chen and Klinge, their community, which has been under closed-loop (闭环) management since April 1, has had problems getting access to daily essentials, and this sparked several disagreements between residents and the management. Eager to help lighten the mood, the two sought to spread some cheer using their artistic skills.
Klinge says she was initially confused with her housemate’s suggestion to create a character based on dabai, a Chinese reference to pandemic workers in white protective suits. Chen says she was thinking about Baymax from the animated film Big Hero 6. Seeing how Baymax and the workers both play the role of protectors in their respective worlds, the two decided to use the character for their posters. Their posters, which contain multilingual updates about the latest pandemic measures and announcements for residents, have helped people develop a sense of optimism.
The posters have also drawn the attention of several local media outlets, which have interviewed the two. “I was seriously considering a return to the United States. But I’ve changed my mind after my fantastic experience in the community,” says Klinge. Besides creating the posters, Chen and Klinge have also been volunteering in the community since April 16 and they always focus on positive things at this difficult time.
12．What is their purpose of making the posters
A．To address daily problems. B．To enrich their lockdown life.
C．To cheer people up during the pandemic. D．To update the latest pandemic measures.
13．Why did they choose Baymax to represent the pandemic workers in the posters
A．Because they both are in white protective suits.
B．Because they both are popular in different cultures.
C．Because they both draw praise from netizens.
D．Because they both are considered heroes in saving human lives.
14．Which of the following can best describe Chen and Klinge
A．Capable and generous. B．Caring and creative. C．Ambitious and considerate. D．Selfless and courageous.
15．What can be the best title for the passage
A．Design a Sense of Cheer B．Create a New Lifestyle
C．Look on the Bright Side D．Face the Lockdown Challenges
We constantly hear people say procrastination (拖延) is the thief of time — actually deadlines are. New research from the University of Otago may help uncover the puzzling link between the two.
Professor Stephen Knowles tested the effect of deadline length on task completion for their research. Participants were invited to complete an online survey concerning a charity donation. They were given either one week, one month, or no deadline to respond. Professor Knowles says although the topic of the survey was about charity, the results are true of any situation where someone asks another person for help
The study found responses to the survey were lowest for the one-month deadline and highest when no deadline was specified. No deadline and the one-week deadline led to many early responses, while a long deadline appeared to give people permission to procrastinate, and then forget. Professor Knowles wasn’t surprised to find that specifying a shorter deadline increased the chances of receiving a response compared to a longer deadline. However, he did find it interesting that they received the most responses when no deadline was specified.
“We interpret this as evidence that specifying a longer deadline, as opposed to a short deadline or no deadline at all, removes the urgency to act,” he says. “People therefore put off undertaking the task, and since they are inattentive or forget, postponing it results in lower response rates.”
He says of the research that it is possible that not specifying a deadline might still have led participants to assume that there is an unspoken deadline. Professor Knowles hopes his research can help reduce the amount of procrastinating people do. “Many people procrastinate. They have the best intentions of helping someone out, but just do not get around to doing it.”
16．Why did Professor Knowles conduct the research
A．To prove the link between procrastination and charity.
B．To reveal the role a deadline plays in procrastination.
C．To attract public attention to the effects of procrastination.
D．To demonstrate the effect of procrastination on task completion.
17．Which situation is least likely to lead to procrastination
A．A crowd-funding appeal with no deadline. B．A one-month application for assistance.
C．A one-week post-disease donation. D．A charity donation on a given date.
18．Why do people procrastinate according to paragraph 4
A．They oppose the deadline. B．They are unwilling to act.
C．They lack a sense of urgency. D．They are too busy to remember.
19．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Deadline—a Result of Procrastination
B．Deadline—the Key to Reducing Procrastination
C．Procrastination—an Urgent Problem to Solve
D．Procrastination—the Thief of Time
2022 Writing Competitions
The Bristol Short Story Prize
It’s an international writing competition founded by the editors of the quarterly cultural magazine Bristol Review of Books in 2007. The 2022 Bristol Short Story Prize is open to everyone. The first prize is 1,000. Entries must be previously unpublished stories with a maximum of 4,000 words. The judges are Tom Drake—Lee, Irenosen Okojie and Jessica Taylor.
Entry fee: 89
The Bath Novel Award
Since its launch nine years ago, the international Bath Novel Award has helped spotlight and support emerging writers. The prize is 3,000. In the event of a joint win, the prize money will be shared equally between winners. It’s open to unpublished and independently published novelists. This year’s judge is Nelle Andrew. All genres are welcome. Writers must submit the first 5,000 words plus one-page abstract of the novel.
Entry fee: 29
The BBC National Short Story Award
The BBC National Short Story Award 2022 with Cambridge University invites entries of short stories up to 8,000 words. It’s an award that has enriched the careers of writers since it was founded seventeen years ago. The winner of the contest for single short stories will receive 15,000. This year’s judges are author Elizabeth Day and broadcaster Katie Thistleton.
Entry fee: free
The Creative Future Writers’ Award
Founded in 2013, it’s an annual development program for talented writers who lack opportunities due to health issues or social circumstances. This year’s theme is How It Started. Prizes include 10,000 of cash and top writing development prizes supplied by publishers and development agencies. Writers should submit one piece of writing in one category (50-linepoetry to the maximum or 2,000-word fiction to the maximum). The judges are Dorothy Koomson, Joelle Taylor, Aki Schilz and Sarala Estruch.
Entry fee: free
20．Who may act as a judge for The Bristol Short Story Prize in 2022
A．Joelle Taylor. B．Nelle Andrew. C．Katie Thistleton. D．Jessica Taylor.
21．What do the second and the fourth competitions have in common
A．Start-up time. B．Genre requirement.
C．Cash bonus. D．Entry fee.
22．Which competition may favor applicants with physical disabilities
A．The Bath Novel Award. B．The Bristol Short Story Prize.
C．The Creative Future Writers’ Award. D．The BBC National Short Story Award.
In an effort to control the nation’s growing problem with food wastage, South Korea has started a unique initiative — “Pay as You Trash”. Residents are required to separate their food waste from the rest of their rubbish and throw it separately in a centralized dustbin. And in order to access the bin, they actually need to pay by the kilo!
As of now, South Korea has three methods in place to charge citizens for the food thrown away. One is through an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) card — when users tap this card over a specially designed food waste bin, the cap will open. This waste is automatically weighed and recorded in the user’s account. The user needs to settle this bill on a monthly basis. The second billing method is through pre-paid garbage bags. These specially designed bags are priced based on volume. For instance, in Seoul, a 10-liter garbage bag costs around $1. There’s also a bar code management system in place, in which citizens throw food waste directly into compost bins and pay for it by purchasing bar code stickers attached to the bin.
Nearly every residential complex in the nation is equipped with one of these three payment systems. Even before the pay-by-weight system was introduced, South Koreans were still being charged for food waste—the cost was simply divided equally among the residents of each apartment block. The new system is not only fair, but is also designed to make consumers really feel the pinch of unreasonable waste. The more food they throw out, the more they end up paying.
Citizens like Seoul housewife Ms. Kwan are now adopting innovative methods to avoid food waste. She makes sure to remove all the liquid out of leftover food before throwing it away. While preparing vegetables, she tries to make use of as much as the eatable parts as possible to minimize waste.
23．What is the centralized dustbin designed to do
A．Keep food rubbish. B．Break down food rubbish.
C．Process household rubbish. D．Classify household rubbish.
24．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the three payment methods
A．Their development procedure. B．Their construction cost.
C．Their innovative appearance. D．Their operating principle.
25．How were the citizens charged before the new system was put forward
A．They paid a fixed fee. B．They shared the cost equally.
C．They paid by weight. D．They enjoyed free access.
26．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase “feel the pinch” Paragraph 3
A．Predict the prospect. B．Analyse the component.
C．Suffer the consequences. D．Propose the solution.
Every April, I find myself troubled by the same concern—that spring might not occur this year. The landscape looks dull, with hills, sky and forest appearing gray. On May 3, I awoke to a green so amazing as to be almost electric, as if spring were simply a matter of pressing a switch. Hills, sky and forest revealed their purples, blues and green.
Then there was the old apple tree. It sits on an undeveloped lot in my neighborhood. It belongs to no one and therefore to everyone. The tree’s dark branches stretch out in unpruned (未经修剪的) abandon.
Until last year, I thought I was the only one aware of this tree. And then one day, in a bit of spring madness, I set out to prune (修剪) a few disorderly branches. No sooner had I arrived under the tree than neighbors opened their windows and stepped onto their porches (门廊). These were people I barely knew, but it was as if I had come uninvited into their personal gardens. My mobile-home neighbor was the first to speak. “You’re not going to cut it down, are you ” she asked anxiously.
Soon, half the neighborhood joined me under the apple tree. It struck me that I had lived there for five years and only now was learning these people’s names, what they did for a living and how they passed the winter. It was as if the old apple tree was gathering us under its branches for the purpose of both acquaintanceship and shared wonder.
Just the other day, I saw one neighbor at the local store. He remarked how this recent winter had been especially long and complained of not having seen or spoken at length to anyone in our neighborhood. And then, he looked at me and said, “We need to prune that apple tree again.”
27．How did the author feel about the sudden change of the view
A．Frightened. B．Depressed. C．Surprised. D．Annoyed.
28．Why did the neighbors open their windows and step out
A．They intended to greet the author.
B．They felt astonished to notice a stranger.
C．They meant to protect their personal gardens.
D．They wondered what might happen to the tree.
29．What can be inferred about the apple tree in the neighborhood’
A．It served as a bond. B．It was left unattended.
C．It stayed in a poor condition. D．It proved to be unappealing.
30．What did the neighbor value most according to the last paragraph
A．The arrival of spring. B．The neighborhood gathering.
C．The pruning of the apple tree. D．Entertainment in the long winter.
An artificial intelligence can decode (解码) words and sentences from brain activity with surprising—though still limited—accuracy. Using only a few seconds of brain activity data, the AI guesses what a person has heard. It lists the correct answer in its top 10 possibilities up to 73 percent of the time, researchers found in a study.
Developed at the parent company of Facebook, Meta, the AI could eventually be used to help thousands of people around the world unable to communicate through speech, typing or gestures, researchers report August 25 at arXiv.org.
Most existing technologies to help such patients communicate require risky brain surgeries to implant electrodes. This new approach “could provide a practical path to help patients without the use of invasive methods,” says neuroscientist Jean-Rémi King, a Meta AI researcher in Paris.
King and his colleagues trained a computational tool to detect words and sentences on 56,000 hours of speech recordings from 53 languages. The tool, also known as a language model, learned how to recognize specific features of language. With the help of a computational method, the team tried to decode what participants had heard using just three seconds of brain activity data from each person. The team instructed the AI to match the speech sounds from the story recordings to patterns of brain activity that the AI computed as corresponding to what people were hearing. It then made predictions about what the person might have been hearing during that short time, given more than 1,000 possibilities. The correct answer was in the AI’s top 10 guesses up to 73 percent of the time, the researchers found.
The new study is “decoding of speech perception, not production,” King notes. Though speech production is the ultimate goal, for now, “we’re quite a long way away.”
31．What is the main idea of paragraph 1
A．The principle of human brain activity.
B．The limitation of human brain activity.
C．The definition of the artificial intelligence.
D．The new function of the artificial intelligence.
32．Whom might the AI be beneficial to
A．People unable to hear. B．People who can’t move around.
C．People who are unconscious. D．People unable to communicate normally.
33．What is the purpose of paragraph 4
A．To analyze the features of the study. B．To state the significance of the study.
C．To introduce the process of the study. D．To present the achievement of the study.
34．What can we infer about the AI from the passage
A．It performs well in the speech production.
B．Its accuracy is far from the researchs’ satisfaction.
C．It will help patients avoid dangerous brain surgeries.
D．Its language learning ability is beyond expectation.
With a wave of redesigned eco-friendly hotels opening across the country, it’s time to enjoy a wonderful hotel stay during your travel. Affordable hotels across Australia are lifting the bar without lifting the price tag, as they sharpen their facilities, styling, locations and food in a bid to attract us through the front door. The following are some wonderful hotels for your keen stay during travel.
VOCO MELBOURNE CENTRAL
A stylish new-build hotel lies within Melbourne’s beating heart, with big-city views, windows that actually open, a heated pool and a strong sustainability focus including bedding made from recycled plastics, and bamboo bikes.
From $251,
THE BENSON, CAIRNS
For lovers of Americana, the locally-owned, 101-room hotel channels a Miami-Florida beach vibe with a stylish art deco slant, with live music and a rooftop bar, decorated with recycled materials. The four-star, city-centre hotel is five minutes from the esplanade.
From $220, .au
AC BY MARRIOTT MELBOURNE SOUTHBANK
A Spanish flavour, urbane room design and expansive views over the Melbourne CBD skyline, all set a short tram ride from Flinders St Station, which helps reduce your carbon footprint.
From $220,
HOLIDAY INN EXPRESS & SUITES, SUNSHINE COAST
Opened in Maroochydore in May, the newest energy-saving HIE includes suites designed for longer stays, with kitchenettes and separate living rooms great for travelling families or couples.
From $239, /holidayinnexpress
35．Which hotel may be the best choice for a music lover
A．THE BENSON, CAIRNS
B．VOCO MELBOURNE CENTRAL
C．AC BY MARRIOTT MELBOURNE SOUTHBANK
D．HOLIDAY INN EXPRESS & SUITES, SUNSHINE COAST
36．What do these hotels have in common
A．They all have sea view rooms. B．They all have good reputations.
C．They are all environmentally friendly. D．They are all located in the city center.
37．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A travel website. B．An art poster.
C．A travel journal. D．A science magazine.
参考答案
1．B
2．D
3．A
4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了密歇根大学的研究人员进行的一项研究发现，与那些只浏览而不购物的人相比，通过购物来缓解压力的效果要高出40倍，购物者的悲伤程度也要低三倍。同时，通过购物来减轻压力可以让你的血压降低，从而帮助你过上更健康的生活。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Twenty-three percent of respondents said they had maxed out a credit card to relieve stress.(23%的受访者表示，他们已经刷爆了信用卡来缓解压力)”可知，23%的受访者通过透支信用卡来缓解压力。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In regards to genders, 48 percent of men and 31 percent of women purchased alcohol impulsively when stressed. Eighty-two percent of women spent on clothing compared to 52 percent of men. 42 percent of women also preferred to buy jewellery, compared to 22 percent for men, with men spending more for electronics 44 percent versus 30 percent for women.(从性别来看，48%的男性和31%的女性在压力大的时候会冲动地购买酒精。82%的女性在服装上花钱，而男性的这一比例为52%。42%的女性也更喜欢购买珠宝，而男性的这一比例为22%。44%的男性在电子产品上花费更多，而女性的这一比例为30%)”可知，在第4段中，作者通过作比较来展开本研究的发现。故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段划线处上句“Shopping to relieve stress is also called retail therapy as a form of regulating stress.(通过购物来缓解压力也被称为零售疗法，是调节压力的一种形式)”可知，it指代“retail therapy (零售疗法)”。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A study done by University of Michigan researchers found that shopping to relieve stress was up to 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and that shoppers were three times less sad compared to those who only browsed for items without buying.(密歇根大学的研究人员进行的一项研究发现，与那些只浏览而不购物的人相比，通过购物来缓解压力的效果要高出40倍，购物者的悲伤程度也要低3倍)”以及文章最后一段“In fact, shopping to reduce stress can actully help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered.(事实上，通过购物来减轻压力可以让你的血压降低，从而帮助你过上更健康的生活)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了介绍购物的影响。故选B。
5．C
6．A
7．C
8．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种新开发的一次性纸电池。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“What’s more, it can be produced in a variety of shapes and sizes as needed.(更重要的是，它可以根据需要生产出各种形状和大小)”可知，纸电池可以制作成各种形状。故选C。
6．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“The battery is based on a metal-air electrochemical cell. Made from sodium chloride salt-diffused (氯化钠盐扩散的) paper, it can measure as little as one square centimeter, and is based on printed inks. All that’s needed, then, is a small amount of water, as little as two drops. This dissolves the salts within the paper, and then activates the battery as they travel(这种电池是基于金属—空气电化学电池。它由氯化钠盐扩散纸制成，最小可达一平方厘米，并以印刷油墨为基础。那么，所需要的只是少量的水，只有两滴。这会溶解纸中的盐，然后在它们移动的过程中激活电池)”可知，本段主要讲解的是纸电池的工作原理。故选A。
7．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段划线处上句“Although the performance decreases over time as the paper dries out (尽管随着时间的推移，纸张变干，性能会下降)”以及划线处后句“with more water (用更多的水)”以及下文“The researchers say they want to improve the efficiency of the battery in the future, and get it working for longer.(研究人员说，他们希望在未来提高电池的效率，并使其工作时间更长。)”可知，使用更多的水可以在一定程度上提高性能。划线处和C项：Increased(增加)含义一致。故选C。
8．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“With a rising awareness of the e-waste problem and the emergence of single-use electronics for applications, there is a growing need for low environmental impact batteries(随着人们对电子垃圾问题的认识不断提高，以及一次性电子产品应用的出现，对低环境影响电池的需求越来越大)”可知，研究人员认为未来纸电池是有希望的。故选D。
9．A
10．B
11．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了清远山旅游景区的相关的信息。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The most representative highlight of the tourist attraction is the statue of Laozi, which is renowned for being the largest stone carving made during the Song Dynasty(该旅游景点最具代表性的亮点是老子雕像，它因是宋代最大的石雕而闻名)”可知，老子的雕像是清远山旅游景区最著名的部分。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据文章“Ticket Price: 70 yuan(票价：70元)”以及“50 percent off ticket prices for visitors between 6 and 18 years old(6至18岁的游客票价5折)”可知，一对夫妇带着一个10岁的孩子，需要支付入场费为：70+70+70*50%=175 yuan。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Mount Qingyuan Tourist Attraction is located in Quanzhou city, Fujian province, and is renowned for its quiet scenery and ancient cultural landscapes(清远山旅游景区位于福建省泉州市，以其幽静的风景和古老的文化景观而闻名)”以及后文对清远山旅游景区的景区等级、开放时间和票价等信息的相关介绍。可知这段话很可能摘自一本旅游手册。故选D。
12．C
13．D
14．B
15．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。讲述了在疫情封闭期间，两个小女孩做海报来鼓励人们的故事。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第一段话“Housemates make posters to lighten the mood amid the challenges of the ongoing COVID-19 outbreak.(在新冠肺炎疫情的挑战下，室友们制作海报来缓解情绪。)”可知，室友们做海报的目的是想鼓励疫情期间的人们。故选C项。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段话“Klinge says she was initially confused with her housemate’s suggestion to create a character based on dabai, a Chinese reference to pandemic workers in white protective suits. Chen says she was thinking about Baymax from the animated film Big Hero 6. Seeing how Baymax and the workers both play the role of protectors in their respective worlds, the duo decided to use the character for their posters.(克林格说，她最初对室友的建议感到困惑，她建议以“大白”为原型创作一个人物。“大白”在中国指的是穿着白色防护服的工作人员。陈琳说，她想到的是动画电影《超能陆战队》中的大白。看到大白和防疫人员们在各自的世界里都扮演着保护者的角色，两人决定在海报上使用大白这个角色。)”可知，这两个大白都在各自的岗位上保护人们，故选D项。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第二段话“Eager to help lighten the mood, the two sought to spread some cheer using their artistic skills.(为了帮助缓解气氛，两人试图用她们的艺术技巧传播一些欢乐。)”以及最后一段话“Besides creating the posters, Chen and Klinge have also been volunteering in the community since April 16 and they always focus on positive things at this difficult time.(除了创作海报，陈琳和克林格还从4月16日开始在社区做志愿者，在这个困难的时刻，她们总是关注积极的事情。)”可知，她们俩用自己的艺术方法传播了一些快乐，可以看出两个人很有创意，而且她们也一直在社区做志愿者，她们有爱心，故选B项。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段话“Housemates make posters to lighten the mood amid the challenges of the ongoing COVID-19 outbreak.(在新冠肺炎疫情的挑战下，室友们制作海报来缓解情绪。)”可知，这两位室友做了个海报鼓励疫情期间封闭的人们，A项“设计一种快乐的感觉”符合文意，故选A项。
16．B
17．A
18．C
19．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们拖延与设定截止日期的时间长短有关。
16．推理判断题。根据第二段“Professor Stephen Knowles tested the effect of deadline length on task completion for their research. (Stephen Knowles教授在他们的研究中测试了截止日期长度对任务完成的影响)”可推知，Stephen Knowles教授做这项研究是为了研究设定截止日期对拖延这一行为的影响。故选B。
17．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Professor Knowles wasn’t surprised to find that specifying a shorter deadline increased the chances of receiving a response compared to a longer deadline. However, he did find it interesting that they received the most responses when no deadline was specified.(Knowles教授毫不惊讶地发现，与更长的期限相比，指定更短的期限会增加收到回复的机会。然而，他发现有趣的是，在没有规定最后期限的情况下，他们收到的回复最多)”并结合选项推知，“没有最后期限的众筹呼吁”最不可能导致拖延。故选A。
18．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“We interpret this as evidence that specifying a longer deadline, as opposed to a short deadline or no deadline at all, removes the urgency to act (我们将此解释为，设定一个更长的截止日期，而不是一个短的截止日期或根本没有截止日期，会消除采取行动的紧迫性)”可知，人们在拥有很长的截止日期时会拖延，主要原因是过长的截止日期会导致人们缺乏紧迫感。故选C。
19．主旨大意题。通读全文，再根据第一段“They say procrastination is the thief of time — actually deadlines are. (人们说拖延是时间的小偷——实际上截止日期才是罪魁祸首)”以及第三段“specifying a shorter deadline increased the chances of receiving a response compared to a longer deadline. (与较长的截止日期相比，指定较短的截止日期可以增加收到回复的机会)”可推知，本文主要介绍了设定截止日期的长短会影响人们做事是否拖延。B项“截止日期——减少拖延的关键”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。
20．D
21．A
22．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个写作比赛的情况，包括成立时间、评委和收费等。
20．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The judges are Tom Drake—Lee, Irenosen Okojie and Jessica Taylor.(评委是Tom Drake-Lee, Irensen Okojie和Jessica Taylor)”可知，Jessica Taylor担任2022年布里斯托短篇小说奖的评委。故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Since its launch nine years ago, the international Bath Novel Award has helped spotlight and support new writers.(自9年前设立以来，国际巴斯小说奖一直在关注和支持新作家)”以及最后一部分中“Founded in 2013, it’s an annual development program for talented writers who lack opportunities due to health problems or social circumstances.(它成立于2013年，是一个为那些因健康问题或社会环境而缺乏机会的有才华的作家设立的年度发展计划)”可知，第二届和第四届比赛的共同之处是都是同年（2013年）成立的。故选A。
132．细节理解题。根据最后一部分中“Founded in 2013, it’s an annual development program for talented writers who lack opportunities due to health problems or social circumstances.(它成立于2013年，是一个为那些因健康问题或社会环境而缺乏机会的有才华的作家设立的年度发展计划)”可知，The Creative Future Writers’ Award对身体残疾的申请人有利。故选C。
23．A
24．D
25．B
26．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。为了控制韩国日益严重的食物浪费问题，韩国推出了一项独特的举措——“为垃圾买单”。居民们被要求将食物垃圾与其他垃圾分开，分别扔进一个集中的垃圾箱。为了进入垃圾桶，他们实际上需要按公斤付钱！
23．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Residents are required to separate their food waste from the rest of their rubbish and throw it separately in a centralized dustbin.(居民们被要求将食物垃圾与其他垃圾分开，分别扔进一个集中的垃圾箱)”可知，集中垃圾箱的设计目的是保存食品垃圾。故选A。
24．主旨大意题。根据第二段“As of now, South Korea has three methods in place to charge citizens for the food thrown away. One is through an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) card — when users tap this card over a specially designed food waste bin, the cap will open. This waste is automatically weighed and recorded in the user’s account. The user needs to settle this bill on a monthly basis. The second billing method is through pre-paid garbage bags. These specially designed bags are priced based on volume. For instance, in Seoul, a 10-liter garbage bag costs around $1. There’s also a bar code management system in place, in which citizens throw food waste directly into compost bins and pay for it by purchasing bar code stickers attached to the bin.(到目前为止，韩国有三种方法向市民收取丢弃食物的费用。一种是通过RFID（无线射频识别）卡——当用户在一个特别设计的食物垃圾桶上轻按这张卡时，盖子就会打开。这些废物会自动称重并记录在用户的帐户中。用户需要按月结算这笔账单。第二种计费方式是通过预付费垃圾袋。这些特别设计的袋子根据体积定价。例如，在首尔，一个10升的垃圾袋的价格约为1美元。还有一个条形码管理系统，市民直接将食物垃圾扔进堆肥箱，并通过购买贴在垃圾桶上的条形码贴纸来支付费用)”可知，关于这三种支付方式，第二段主要告诉我们其操作原理。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Even before the pay-by-weight system was introduced, South Koreans were still being charged for food waste—the cost was simply divided equally among the residents of each apartment block.(甚至在实行按重量计费制度之前，韩国人仍在为食物浪费收费——费用只是在每个公寓的居民中平均分配)”可知，在新制度提出之前，市民平均分担费用。故选B。
26．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“The new system is not only fair, but is also designed to make consumers really(新系统不仅是公平的，而且是设计来真正使消费者……)”以及后文“The more food they throw out, the more they end up paying.(他们扔掉的食物越多，最终支付的费用就越多)”可知，新制度不仅公平，而且旨在让消费者真正承担不合理浪费的后果。因为他们扔掉的食物越多，最终支付的费用就越多。故画线词意思是“承担后果”。故选C。
27．C
28．D
29．A
30．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者居住在缅因州，这儿的冬天总是很长，作者和邻居们总是盼着春天到来。作者修剪苹果枝的行为，引来了很多的邻居聚在一起的故事。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段“On May 3, I awoke to a green so amazing as to be almost electric, as if spring were simply a matter of pressing a switch.( 5月3日，当我醒来时，我看到了一片令人惊叹的绿色，仿佛春天只是按下一个开关。)”可知，作者对风景的突然改变感到很惊讶。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“No sooner had I arrived under the tree than neighbors opened their windows and stepped onto their porches (门廊). These were people I barely knew, but it was as if I had come uninvited into their personal gardens. My mobile-home neighbor was the first to speak. “You’re not going to cut it down, are you ” she asked anxiously. (我刚到树下，邻居们就打开窗户，走出门廊。这些人我几乎不认识，但就好像我不请自来地进入了他们的私人花园。我的活动房屋邻居是第一个开口的。“你不会把它砍倒吧 ”她焦急地问。)”可知，邻居们打开窗户并走出来，是因为他们想知道这棵树会发生什么事。故选D。
29．推理判断题。根据第四段“It was as if the old apple tree was gathering us under its branches for the purpose of both acquaintanceship and shared wonder. (就好像那棵老苹果树把我们聚集在它的树枝下，目的是为了认识我们，分享我们的惊奇。)”可推断，那棵苹果树成为邻居们之间是一种纽带。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“He remarked how this recent winter had been especially long and complained of not having seen or spoken at length to anyone in our neighborhood. (他说最近这个冬天特别漫长，抱怨说没有长时间地和我们附近的任何人见面或说话。)”可推断，邻居最看重邻里聚会。故选B。
31．D
32．D
33．C
34．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能的新用途——可以从大脑活动中解码单词和句子，这可以用于帮助全世界数以千计无法通过语音、打字或手势进行交流的人。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“An artificial intelligence can decode (解码) words and sentences from brain activity with surprising—though still limited—accuracy. Using only a few seconds of brain activity data, the AI guesses what a person has heard. It lists the correct answer in its top 10 possibilities up to 73 percent of the time, researchers found in a study.(人工智能可以从大脑活动中解码单词和句子，其准确性令人惊讶（尽管仍然有限）。只需要几秒钟的大脑活动数据，人工智能就能猜出一个人听到了什么。研究人员在一项研究中发现，正确答案出现在前10种可能性中的概率高达73% 。)”可知，第一段主要介绍了人工智能可以从大脑活动中解码单词和句子，这是人工智能的一项新功能，故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段“Developed at the parent company of Facebook, Meta, the AI could eventually be used to help thousands of people around the world unable to communicate through speech, typing or gestures, researchers report August 25 at arXiv.org.(8月25日，研究人员在 arXiv.org 上作的报告称，这种人工智能由脸书的母公司Meta开发，最终可用于帮助全世界数以千计无法通过语音、打字或手势进行交流的人。)”可知，人工智能或许对不能正常交流的人有益，故选D。
33．推理判断题。根据第四段中“King and his colleagues trained a computational tool to detect words and sentences on 56,000 hours of speech recordings from 53 languages...With the help of a computational method, the team tried to decode what participants had heard using just three seconds of brain activity data from each person. The team instructed the AI to match the speech sounds from the story recordings to patterns of brain activity...(King 和他的同事们训练了一个计算工具来检测来自53种语言的56000小时的语音记录中的单词和句子……在计算方法的帮助下，研究小组试图用每个人三秒钟的大脑活动数据解码参与者所听到的内容。研究小组指示人工智能将故事录音中的语音与大脑活动模式进行匹配……)”可推知，第四段的目的是介绍该研究的过程，故选C。
34．推理判断题。根据第三段“Most existing technologies to help such patients communicate require risky brain surgeries to implant electrodes. This new approach “could provide a practical path to help patients without the use of invasive methods,” says neuroscientist Jean-Rémi King, a Meta AI researcher in Paris.(大多数现有的技术，以帮助这些病人沟通需要危险的脑部手术植入电极。这种新方法“可以提供一种实用的途径来帮助病人而不需要使用侵入性的方法，”神经科学家 Jean-Rémi King说，他是巴黎的Meta AI研究员。)”可推知，人工智能技术不需要给病人脑部做手术植入电极，所以说它能帮助病人避免危险的脑部手术。故选C。
35．A
36．C
37．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了澳大利亚一些性价比高的环保住宿酒店。
35．细节理解题。根据第二个小标题下的第一句“For lovers of Americana, the locally-owned, 101-room hotel channels a Miami-Florida beach vibe with a stylish art deco slant, with live music and a rooftop bar, decorated with recycled materials.”（ 对于热爱美国文化的人来说，当地人所拥有的101个房间的客房通过以时尚的艺术装饰风格，现场音乐和屋顶酒吧，来营造迈阿密佛罗里达海滩的氛围，它们都是由废旧材料装饰的。）可知，对于音乐爱好者的最好选择是THE BENSON, CAIRNS。故选A项。
36．推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“With a wave of redesigned eco-friendly hotels opening across the country, it’s time to enjoy a wonderful hotel stay during your travel.”（ 随着带有一股重新设计的环保浪潮的酒店在全国各地开业，是时候在旅行中享受美妙的酒店住宿了。）可知，下文要介绍的酒店都是在装修上有环保风格酒店，推断出文中酒店的共同点就是环保。故选C项。
37．推理判断题。根据每个小标题最后出现的网址，可以推断出这篇文章出自旅游网站。故选A项。阅读理解
I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with books. There was not one night that I don’t remember mom reading me a storybook by my bedside. I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded.
I always wanted to know what my mom was reading. Hearing mom say, “I can’t believe what’s printed in the newspaper this morning,” made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself. I wanted to be like my mom and know all of the things she knew. So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading.
This is how everyone learned to read. We would start off with sentences, then paragraphs, and then stories. It seemed an unending journey, but even as a six-year-old girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many doors. When mom said, “The C-A-N-D-Y is hidden on the top shelf,” I knew where the candy was. My progress in reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know everything. I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.
Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to make A’s on my tests. Occasionally, I would read a novel that was assigned, but I didn’t enjoy this type of reading. I liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.
Yet, now that I’m growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I find myself needing a way to escape. By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. In these worlds I can become anyone. I don’t have to write down what happened or what technique the author was using when he or she wrote this. I just read to relax.
We’re taught to read because it’s necessary for much of human understanding. Reading is a vital part of my life. Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning. And I’ve found that the possibilities that lie within books are limitless.
1．Why did I ask my Mom to drive more slowly
A．Because I wanted to see what the roadside signs said.
B．Because I wanted to prevent a potential traffic accident.
C．Because I wanted to read my books more clearly.
D．Because I wanted to talk with my Mom more easily.
2．What’s my attitude towards novels in the very beginning
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Ignorant. D．Objective.
3．Which of the following words can be used to replace the underlined word “vital”
A．useful B．interesting C．helpless D．important
4．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage
A．What kind of books can we read B．What happens between books and me
C．How can we become better readers D．Why am I interested in reading books
CES is produced by the Consumer Technology Association known as the place where many companies launch their latest technology offerings. Here is a look at some of the top products presented at CES 2022.
All-in-one communication
Technology company Anker announced the launch of an “all-in-one” device designed to improve communications for employees working from home. The Anker Work B600 sits on top of the computer display like a traditional webcam. But it combines several elements of communication into one device that includes a camera, speaker, microphone and a light.
AirSelfie camera
Electronics maker AirSelfie launched its latest self-flying camera designed to take “selfie” pictures. The new device, called Air Pix, is a small, light camera that flies through the air and captures high-quality photographs and video. Air Pix can fly, frame and take pictures all by itself before landing back on the user’s hand.
Labrador’s assistive robot
Robot maker Labrador announced its Retriever robot designed to hold things and, as its name suggests, also retrieve (找回) things. The robot can be controlled by voice commands or from an app on a phone. It can also be programmed based on an exact map of a users home. The Retriever is designed “to serve as an extra pair of hands and lighten the load of everyday tasks in the home”.
Self-driving tractor
American-based farm equipment manufacturer John Deere presented a fully self-driving tractor equipped with six different cameras and a series of sensors to guide the tractor through the fields. Farmers can control the vehicle and see the tractor’s progress in real-time through a mobile device which is to help farmers do more work with less equipment and people.
The company noted that such machines can help improve farming methods as the world’s population grows and food demand is expected to rise 50 percent by 2050.
5．Which operator’s product will teleworking staff be most interested in
A．Anker B．Airselfie
C．Labrador D．John Deere
6．What kind of product can effectively help the elderly with mobility difficulties
A．The “all-in-one”device. B．Self-flying camera.
C．Retriever robot D．The fully self-driving tractor.
7．What impact will self-driving tractors have on agriculture in the future
A．Improving products quality.
B．Promoting agricultural modernization.
C．Increasing agricultural investment.
D．Reducing the environmental pollution.
This new packaging material looks like conventional plastic, but it’s actually made from fish waste and algae(海藻)—unlike plastic, if it escapes into the ocean, a fish could eat it safely. The material, called MarinaTex, is the winner of this year’s James Dyson Award.
“It began with my desire to work with waste,” says Lucy Hughes, a recent graduate from University of Sussex, who once visited a fish processing factory to see the massive quantity of waste generated by the industry and found new ways to use it. She focused on fish skins and scales(鳞片). “When I had it in my hands, I realized this has got potential,” she says. “It s super strong and flexible.” Hughes spent months experimenting with fish waste in her kitchen, running more than 100 experiments to find a binder(粘合剂) and a process that could hold together the proteins in the fish skins and scales.“I had a lot of failed attempts. A lot of things either were too easily broken or too soft or easily went bad,” she says. She finally found a type of algae that can be locally got.
The material can be used to replace oil-based plastic in packaging such as bags or the half-transparent windows used to show products in boxes. As her research continues, Hughes says that she’ll be studying how MarinaTex works and how long it could be used to store food.
Unlike some “composable” plastics, which need to be processed in an industrial composting(堆肥) facility to break down, the new material can break down in four to six weeks in a backyard compost bin. “All the ingredients are food-grade safe,” Hughes says. “So, this breaks down much like a piece of food would break down.
8．Why did MarinaTex win this year s James Dyson Award
A．It doesn’t go into the ocean.
B．It is environmentally-friendly.
C．It doesn’t produce any waste.
D．It doesn’t look like conventional plastic.
9．What is the main idea conveyed in paragraph 2
A．Where Hughes got inspiration for the binder.
B．How Hughes developed MarinaTex.
C．What advantages MarinaTex has.
D．Where the binder can be used.
10．What is yet to be found out
A．How long it takes for MarinaTex to break down.
B．How long MarinaTex can be used to store food.
C．Whether MarinaTex can replace oil-based plastic.
D．Whether MarinaTex is better than half-transparent windows.
11．Where is the text most likely to appear
A．In a science fiction. B．In a government report.
C．In a science magazine. D．In a government announcement.
You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering. “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing (内化) your victimization (受害). The truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.
Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently. They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives, but they don’t let this get in the way. They know they have their weaknesses, yet they don’t blame themselves when they fail. Whatever happens, they have choice in the matter. They believe their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.
Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities, yet their experience of life is worlds apart. Victims relish (沉溺) in anger, guilt, and other emotions that cause others—and even themselves—to feel like victims, too. Creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them. Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.
In reality, all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives. One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.
In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have a fuller, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.
12．In what way is a creator different from a victim
A．A creator is given more challenges.
B．Failure seldom comes to a creator.
C．Storms are beneficial in a creator’s eyes.
D．A victim hardly blames others for their own faults.
13．When people choose to think like a creator, what will happen
A．They seldom make careless mistakes.
B．The world seems a cold and difficult place.
C．Life is blessed with fewer opportunities than expected.
D．They don’t care what happens to them but think positively.
14．Which of the following can be described as a creator’s act
A．Tim failed his exam and thought he would never pass it.
B．Sam lost his job and abandoned himself to drinking for months.
C．J. K. Rowling was rejected by a publisher and yet went on writing.
D．Jessica broke up with her husband and chose to give up her own life.
15．Which of the following can be the best title for this text
A．Benefits Of Being A Creator B．Creators: Act Now Or Never
C．Creator Or Victim: Up To You D．Ways To Transform A Victim Into A Creator
The best way to see the world’s architectural wonders is to visit them in person, so grab your passport and book a trip to one of these amazing destinations if you have a longing for a spot of building-based bliss (极乐) this year.
Barcelona
Every year millions of people flood to this vibrant (充满活力的) Spanish city to see some of the amazingly unique works of the famous architect Antoni Gaudi. The Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Familia is the most popular of these and is still being built, in spite of the fact that work began all the way back in 1882.
Monaco
While ultramodern architecture tends to grab all of the headlines, if you are looking for a more traditional type of design that speaks to the wealth of bygone (过去的) eras, Monaco is definitely worth adding to your list. Monte Carlo is undoubtedly the best place to visit if you want to be bathed in the beauty of the coastline it shares with the French Riviera while also seeing some of the most gorgeous hotels that Europe has to offer.
Athens
A lot of ancient architecture stands in the Greek capital, with buildings that have stood for thousands of years still managing to tower over the tourists that visit them. From the impressive, awe-inspiring relics of the Parthenon to temples to various gods including Zeus and Hephaestus, Athens is the place to visit if you are eager to see architecture that is filled with history.
Singapore
In contrast to Monte Carlo, the architecture of Singapore is cutting edge and futuristic, to the point that visitors may feel like they have stepped onto the setting of a science fiction film rather than a living, breathing city. The Helix Bridge is a must-see architectural attraction of Singapore, with its 280-metre-span stretching in an arcing curve and consisting of intertwined (缠绕的) metal strands (金属链) that bring the structure of DNA into mind.
16．What is unique about the Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Familia
A．It is modern rather than traditional.
B．It was built in honor of Antoni Gaudi.
C．It is located right in the Greek capital.
D．It has taken more than 100 years to build it.
17．Where can you enjoy the beauty of the coastline near the French Riviera
A．Monte Carlo. B．Athens. C．Barcelona. D．Singapore.
18．Who is most likely to be interested in this text
A．An architect major. B．A hotel manager.
C．A wildlife researcher. D．A biology student.
I left university with a good degree in English Literature, but no sense of what I wanted to do. Over the next six years, I was treading water(停滞不前), just trying to earn an income. I tried journalism, but I didn’t think I was any good, then finance, which I hated. Finally, I got a job as a rights assistant at a famous publisher. I loved working with books, although the job that I did was dull.
I had enough savings to take a year off work, and I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel. Attending a Novel Writing MA course gave me the structure I needed to write my first 55,000 words.
It takes confidence to make a new start—there’s a dark period in-between where you’re neither one thing nor the other. You’re out for dinner and people ask what you do, and you’re too ashamed to say, “Well, I’m writing a novel, but I’m not quite sure if I’m going to get there.” My confidence dived. Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside.
Then I met an agent(代理商) who said I should send my novel out to agents. So, I did and, to my surprise, got some wonderful feedback. I felt a little hope that I might actually become a published writer and, after signing with an agent, I finished the second half of the novel.
The next problem was finding a publisher. After two-and-a-half years of no income, just waiting and wondering, a publisher offered me a book deal—that publisher turned out to be the one I once worked for.
It feels like an unbelievable stroke of luck—of fate, really. When you set out to do something different, there’s no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract(合同) of the publisher—to be a published writer—is unbelievably rewarding.
19．Why did the author decide to write a novel
A．Because she hated her previous jobs.
B．Because her parents and friends had encouraged her to do so.
C．Because she wanted to pursue her own dream of writing a novel.
D．Because she graduated from university with a good degree in English Literature.
20．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 mean
A．She became less stubborn.
B．She became more stubborn.
C．She suddenly lost confidence.
D．She gradually gained confidence.
21．Who agreed to publish the author’s first novel
A．An agent who she signed with.
B．A rights assistant she once worked with.
C．An agent who advised her to send her novel out to agents.
D．A publisher who she once worked for as a rights assistant.
22．Which of the following words can best describe the author’s experience as a writer
A．Tough but rewarding. B．Interesting and smooth.
C．Difficult but thrilling. D．Complicated and fruitless.
Scientists have discovered the world’s largest known field of sea grass. They did it using videos shot by some unusual helpers: tiger sharks. The work should help protect the sea grass, and also shows off a powerful way to explore the ocean.
Sea grasses are flowering plants that normally grow in shallow waters near coasts. They grow in thick fields，known as meadows(草地). Sea grass meadows help clean the ocean’s water, and provide food and shelter for many sea creatures. Sea grasses store huge amounts of carbon—the harmful pollution that’s making global warming worse. Damaging these sea grass meadows can release this pollution again,so it’s important to protect them.
From above, the meadows can be hard to spot, either because the water is too deep or not clear enough. And the ocean is so huge that it’s simply not possible to study it all by diving. So a team of scientists decided to have sharks help with the research. Tiger sharks are huge, strong, and deadly. But they also live underwater, are fast swimmers, and spend a lot of time in sea grass meadows. Between 2016 and 2020, a team of researchers attached cameras and other trackers to the fins (鳍) of seven tiger sharks. After catching the sharks, the scientists worked quickly to attach the equipment,then let them go again.
The scientists have learned that the waters around the Bahamas are home to the largest sea grass meadow ever discovered and that the world has roughly 40% more sea grass meadows than they previously thought.
The programme shows how useful large underwater animals can be in helping to learn more about life under the sea. Oliver Ship ley is a scientist at Beneath the Waves,which led the work. He says animals like tiger sharks “...are going to take us to new places that we didn’t know existed.”
23．What can be known about sea grasses in Paragraph 2
A．They help fight global warming. B．They need to be removed regularly.
C．They mainly live on sea creatures. D．They grow in deep waters of the ocean.
24．Why are Tiger sharks chosen by scientists
A．They are sensitive to sea grasses. B．Cameras are easily fixed on them.
C．They are the most faithful sea animals. D．They spend much time in sea grass meadows.
25．What does Oliver Ship ley think of sea animals
A．They are dangerous. B．They are adorable.
C．They are helpful. D．They are smart.
26．What is the main idea of the text
A．Many new places in the ocean need exploring.
B．Sharks help discover world’s largest sea grass meadow.
C．Scientists have found a powerful way to protect the ocean.
D．Large underwater animals contribute a lot to the ocean.
The number of fin-less porpoise, a protected species living in the Yangtze River, has seen growth compared with the 1,012 that were seen in 2017. A previous survey carried out on Oct. 25 said more mother-child pairs were seen and some were seen in places that had never reported them earlier.
Fin-less porpoise, also called Smiling Angels, have become a natural indicator of the health of the Yangtze River ecosystem, especially after the Lipotes vexillifer, a species of the freshwater dolphin commonly known as Baiji, became extinct in 2007. Despite efforts to protect the fin-less porpoise for over 40 years, its numbers continued to fall. Finally, there is some good news.
The turnaround would not have been possible without the three earlier scientific surveys and the ongoing one. Add to that a 10-yearfishing ban on the Yangtze River carried out on Jan. 1 last year, followed by the fin-less porpoise being upgraded to a level protected species on the national list on Feb. 5,2021,and the Yangtze River Protection Law coming into effect on March 1,2021.
Because of these measures, the provincial-level regions along the Yangtze River relocated their chemical plants, closed down illegal docklands, mended wetlands and adjusted sailing lanes. All these efforts ultimately improved the river’s ecological environment, helping breathe life into the fin-less porpoise species. The results show that China has chosen the right path in protecting not only the fin-less porpoise, but also the river’s ecosystem.
The story of the revival of the fin-less porpoise is only part of the bigger story of the Yangtze River’s protection as a whole. And protecting the river is part of the larger picture of the country’s ecological civilization. Fixing the Yangtze River’s ecology can benefit hundreds of generations, and a good ecology is a fortune of the Chinese nation as a whole.
27．What do we know about the Lipotes vexillifer
A．It was extinct about 15 years ago. B．Its favourite habitat is ocean.
C．Its population is falling rapidly. D．It has been a protected species.
28．What makes the fin-less porpoise increase
A．Ban on fishing industry forever. B．The earlier and ongoing scientific surveys.
C．Relocation of the wetlands. D．Improvement of the chemical plants.
29．What is the author’s attitude towards fixing the Yangtze River’s ecology
A．Skeptical. B．Worried. C．Conservative. D．Positive.
30．What is the best title for the text
A．Fin-less Porpoise—a Protected Species B．Making the “Smiling Angels” Smile Again
C．The Yangtze River—Origin of Chinese People D．Fixing the Yangtze River’s Ecology Is Urgent
Last year,Li Minhua,who is in her early 40s, began helping seniors in Beijing with her shower assistance service,with many of her clients treating Li as their own daughter. A few years ago, she noticed just how desperate her mother was for a shower after her parent was involved in an accident.“She had to lie in bed, unable to move around for six months, and I didn’t want to take any risks in giving her a shower,”she said. Li was hampered in efforts to help her mother due to a lack of special equipment and professional assistance, which prompted her to research ways to help seniors take showers.
After learning about Japanese professional shower assistance procedures and standards, Li bought two water pumps and inflatable bathtubs(浴缸) when she set up her own business in March last year. This equipment enables the elderly to lie down comfortably during a bath, as most of them are unable to stand or sit up.“The key is reducing the distance as much as possible in which those taking a shower have to move,“Li said.
The first time Li helped bathe a senior made her determined to persevere with her business.“The client was an 85-year-old man who had lost the ability to communicate,”she said. Li’s initial embarrassment gave way to a sense of achievement and pleasure after the man was bathed and scrubbed.“You could tell from his look that he was relieved and happy,”she said. The experience gave Li a new understanding of aging.“I really feel that the elderly with disabilities need care and attention from more people. They also need a decent life,”she said.
Li has recruited(招募)six members to her team， which has served more than 300 households with elderly family members who have difficulty taking a shower. About 80 percent of Li’s clients now take a shower at least once a month thanks to her service.
31．What does the underlined word“hampered”probably mean in Paragraph 1
A．Inspired. B．Required. C．Prevented. D．Nursed.
32．What is the advantage of the inflatable bathtubs
A．They are light to carry. B．They own multiple functions.
C．They are cheap to buy. D．They are comfortable to lie in.
33．How did Li Minhua feel after finishing bathing the 85-year-old man
A．Embarrassed. B．Delighted. C．Concerned. D．Upset.
34．In which section of the newspaper may the text appear
A．Life. B．Medicine. C．Business. D．Entertainment.
For those who like to take planes, trains, buses, and boats, there are remote destinations that few people will have the chance to experience.
Socotra Island, Yemen
On the island, a third of the island’s plant life and 90 percent of its reptile species aren’t found anywhere else on earth, including the dragon’s blood tree, an umbrella-shaped tree with red sap. UNESCO classified the Socotra archipelago, which includes the island, as a World Heritage site in 2008.
Pitcairn Island
Located west of Easter Island,the Pitcairn Islands are a group of four volcanic islands. Pitcairn Island is the only one of the four that is inhabited. The island now has a population of about 50，many of whom are descendants of the original founders. Henderson Island is an UNESCO World Heritage Site with an important collection of bird species,including four local to the island.
Kerguelen Islands
Also known as the Desolation Islands,the Kerguelen Islands are located in the southern Indian Ocean and are part of the French Southern and Antarctic Territories. Grand Terre, the main island, is home to the Port-Aux-Francois research base. The islands, which are 2,000 miles away from civilization, are also inhabited by several species of penguins, albatrosses, and seals. Visitors can only reach Grand Terre four times a year by ship.
Supai, Arizona
The Havavsupai tribe has occupied the village of Supai since A．D．1300. The village is set deep within the Grand Canyon and is accessible by helicopter, foot, or pack animal. Havasu Canyon boasts spectacular blue-green waterfalls that are worth the eight-mile hike. The remote location has become so popular that visits to the village and waterfalls require a reservation.
35．What is Socotra Island famous for
A．Small population. B．Cultural heritage.
C．Remote location. D．Unique species.
36．Which one includes a spot for research
A．Socotra Island. B．Pitcairn Island.
C．Kerguelen Islands. D．Supai,Arizona.
37．In what aspect is Supai different from the other three
A．It belongs to volcanic islands. B．Visitors need to book in advance.
C．It can only be reached by helicopters. D．Penguins are the common scene.
参考答案
1．A
2．B
3．D
4．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，本文讲述了小时候妈妈给作者读书让作者有了读书的渴望，随着年龄的增长，作者越来越爱读书，时至今日，作者依然热爱读书。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.(我经常告诉妈妈开慢一点，这样我就能看清我们经过的所有路标)”可知，作者让妈妈开得慢一点是想看清楚路标上的字。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Occasionally, I would read a novel that was assigned, but I didn’t enjoy this type of reading. I liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.(偶尔，我会读一本布置好的小说，但我不喜欢这种类型的阅读。我喜欢事实，喜欢具体的东西。我认为任何抽象的东西都会留下太多的争论空间)”可知，作者开始不喜欢读小说，对小说持怀疑的态度。故选B。
3．词句猜测题。根据第一段首句“I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with books.(我一直都知道阅读是非常重要的，因为我孩提时代的第一个记忆就是和书籍打交道)”，最后一段“We’re taught to read because it’s necessary for much of human understanding. (我们被教导阅读，因为它是人类理解的必要条件)”及画线词后一句“Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning.(阅读满足了我不断学习的愿望)”可知，阅读很重要，作者喜欢阅读，所以此处指“阅读是我生活中重要的部分”，vital意为“重要的”。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合文章第一段首句“I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with books.(我一直都知道阅读是非常重要的，因为我孩提时代的第一个记忆就是和书籍打交道)”可知，本文讲述了小时候妈妈给作者读书让作者有了读书的渴望，随着年龄的增长，作者越来越爱读书，时至今日，作者依然热爱读书，故“我和书之间的故事”适合作为标题，故选B。
5．A
6．C
7．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了在美国举办的大型科技展，即国际消费电子展上一些公司的最新科技产品。
5．推理判断题。根据All-in-one communication部分第一句“Technology company Anker announced the launch of an “all-in-one” device designed to improve communications for employees working from home.（科技公司Anker宣布推出一款“一体式”设备，旨在改善员工在家工作时的沟通。）”可知，这款多合一通讯工具很适合居家远程工作人员，即teleworking staff。故选A项。
6．推理判断题。根据Labrador’s assistive robot部分第一二句“Robot maker Labrador announced its Retriever robot designed to hold things and, as its name suggests, also retrieve (找回) things. The robot can be controlled by voice commands or from an app on a phone.（机器人制造商Labrador宣布，它的Retriever机器人被设计成可以拿东西，正如它的名字所暗示的那样，也可以取回东西。机器人可以通过语音命令或手机应用程序进行控制。）”可知，这款机器人很适合行动不便的老年人，只需要语音控制。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据Self-driving tractor部分最后一句“The company noted that such machines can help improve farming methods as the world’s population grows and food demand is expected to rise 50 percent by 2050.（该公司指出，随着世界人口的增长，预计到2050年，粮食需求将增长50%，这种机器可以帮助改进耕作方法。）”可知，这种机器能改进耕作方式，换言之，即促进耕作的现代化。故选B项。
8．B
9．B
10．B
11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是一种看起来与普通的便利袋相仿的新发明的包装材料，这种材料是由鱼废料和海藻制作而成的。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This new packaging material looks like conventional plastic, but it’s actually made from fish waste and algae(海藻)—unlike plastic, if it escapes into the ocean, a fish could eat it safely.(这种新的包装材料看起来像传统的塑料，但它实际上是由鱼粪和藻类制成的——与塑料不同，如果它逃逸到海洋中，鱼可以安全地食用它。)”可知，这种材料很环保。故选B项。
9．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的““It began with my desire to work with waste,” says Lucy Hughes, a recent graduate from University of Sussex, who once visited a fish processing factory to see the massive quantity of waste generated by the industry and found new ways to use it.(“这始于我处理废物的愿望，”刚从萨塞克斯大学毕业的露西休斯说，她曾经参观过一家鱼类加工厂，看到该行业产生的大量废物，并找到了使用它的新方法。)”以及尾句“She finally found a type of algae that can be locally got.(她终于找到了一种可以在当地得到的藻类。)”结合该段中间的每个细节可判断，该段分析的是Lucy Hughes研发这种材料的过程。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“As her research continues, Hughes says that she’ll be studying how MarinaTex works and how long it could be used to store food.(随着研究的继续，休斯说她将研究MarinaTex的工作原理以及它可以用于储存食物多长时间。)”可知，有待于研究的是MarinaTex的工作原理以及用于存储食物多久。故选B项。
11．推理判断题。根据首段中的首句“This new packaging material looks like conventional plastic, but it’s actually made from fish waste and algae(海藻)—unlike plastic, if it escapes into the ocean, a fish could eat it safely.(随着研究的继续，休斯说她将研究MarinaTex的工作原理以及它可以用于储存食物多长时间。)”可知，该篇文章介绍的是一种新型的包装材料，属于科学研究，由此可以判断，该文应该出现在科学杂志当中。故选C项。
12．C
13．D
14．C
15．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。在生活中经常会面对着成为生活的牺牲品还是生活的创造者的选择，生活的牺牲品往往是在生气和内疚中度过生活，而生活的创造者在遇到逆境的时候则会下意识的选择能激励自己甚至是周围人的品质。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They believe their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.(他们相信他们与生命中每个神圣时刻共舞是一种礼物，暴风雨是生活中自然的一部分，可以带来情感和精神成长所需的雨水。)”可知，在创造者眼里，风暴会带来情感和精神成长所需要的雨水，风暴是有益的。故选C项。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them.(创作者有意识地选择爱、灵感和其他品质，这些品质不仅能激励自己，还能激励周围的人。)”可知，创造者会积极思考，选择能激励自己和周围人的品质。故选D项。
14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.(另一个有同样经历的人可能会选择先体验悲伤，然后接受损失，并很快成为他生活中强大的创造力。)”可知，生活的创造者遇到挫折时，会选择接受然后继续前行，C项“J. K.罗琳被出版商拒绝，但仍继续写作”符合创造者的行为。故选C项。
15．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator.(你在生活中有很多机会选择成为受害者或创造者。)”以及尾段“In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have a fuller, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.(在每时每刻和每一种情况下，你可以选择拥有一个更充实、更丰富的生活，通过设定一个明确的意图来改变内在的受害者，并邀请你强大的创造者进入你的生活。)”并结合全文对生活的受害者与创造者在处理问题时截然不同的方式的分析可知，要成为生活的受害者还是创造者都由自己决定。故选C项。
16．D
17．A
18．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍的是几个值得亲自去探访的建筑圣地。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Familia is the most popular of these and is still being built, in spite of the fact that work began all the way back in 1882.(圣家堂赎罪神庙是其中最受欢迎的，尽管工程早在 1882 年就开始了，但仍在建造中。)”可知，该建筑自1882年始建，至今还在建设中，建设圣家堂用了100多年，这是圣家堂的独特之处。故选D项。
17．细节理解题。由第三段中的“Monte Carlo is undoubtedly the best place to visit if you want to be bathed in the beauty of the coastline it shares with the French Riviera while also seeing some of the most gorgeous hotels that Europe has to offer.(如果您想沐浴在与法国Riviera共享的海岸线美景中，同时还可以看到欧洲必须提供的一些最华丽的酒店，蒙特卡洛无疑是最好的游览地点。)”可知，毫无疑问Monte Carlo是欣赏在法国Riviera附近海岸线美景的最佳地区。故选A项。
18．推理判断题。根据首段“The best way to see the world’s architectural wonders is to visit them in person, so grab your passport and book a trip to one of these amazing destinations if you have a longing for a spot of building-based bliss(极乐) this year.(欣赏世界建筑奇观的最佳方式是亲自参观，所以，如果你今年渴望在建筑中获得快乐，拿起你的护照，预订一趟去这些令人惊叹的目的地之一的旅行吧。)”可知，本文介绍的都是些世界上的建筑圣地，由此推断，对该文感兴趣的应该是对建筑感兴趣的人。故选A项。
19．C
20．C
21．D
22．A
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者大学毕业后尝试过许多不同的工作，但始终没有找到真正适合自己的；后来她决定写小说以满足自己内心的愿望，小说完成后从无人问津到开始出版，经历了一段漫长而艰难的过程，最终获得了成功，作者也因此成为了一名出版作家，找到自己的定位。
19．细节理解题。根据第二段“I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel. ”（我决定试着满足一个内心深处的愿望，写一部小说。）可知，作者决定写小说是因为她想要追寻自己写小说的梦想。故选C。
20．词义猜测题。根据第三段“but I’m not quite sure if I’m going to get there.”（但我不确定我是否能到那一步。）和“Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside.”（我认为我的小说不可能出版，就把它搁在一边。）可知，作者对自己的小说没有信心，所以划线句是指“她突然失去了信心”。故选C。
21．细节理解题。根据第五段“ a publisher offered me a book deal—that publisher turned out to be the one I once worked for.”（一个出版商向我提供了一份出书的合同，而那个出版商正是我曾经工作过的那家出版社。）可知，作者曾经工作过的那家出版商同意出版她的第一本小说。故选D。
22．推理判断题。由全文内容可知，作者的小说从无人问津到最终的出版经历了一段漫长而艰难过程；根据最后一段“to be a published writer—is unbelievably rewarding.”（成为一个出版作家——是难以置信的回报。）可知，作者成为出版作家的这段经历是非常值得的，即“艰难而值得”。故选A。
23．A
24．D
25．C
26．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家们发现了世界上已知的最大的海草场。他们使用一些不寻常的助手拍摄的视频来做到这一点：虎鲨。这项工作应该有助于保护海草，同时也展示了一种探索海洋的强大方式。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段“Sea grasses store huge amounts of carbon—the harmful pollution that’s making global warming worse. Damaging these sea grass meadows can release this pollution again,so it’s important to protect them.(海草储存了大量的碳——这种有害污染正在加剧全球变暖。破坏这些海草草地会再次释放这种污染，所以保护它们很重要)”可知，海草能够帮助对抗全球变暖。故选A项。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段“But they also live underwater, are fast swimmers, and spend a lot of time in sea grass meadows.(但它们也生活在水下，游泳速度很快，在海草草地上度过了很多时间)”可知，科学家们选用虎鲨是因为他们生活在水下，游泳速度很快，并且会在海草草地上度过很长时间。故选D项。
25．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Oliver Ship ley is a scientist at Beneath the Waves, which led the work. He says animals like tiger sharks “...are going to take us to new places that we didn’t know existed.”(Oliver Ship ley是“海浪之下”组织的科学家，该组织领导了这项研究。他说像虎鲨这样的动物“……将把我们带到我们不知道存在的新地方。”)”可推知，Oliver Ship ley 认为海洋动物是有帮助的。故选C项。
26．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists have discovered the world’s largest known field of sea grass. They did it using videos shot by some unusual helpers: tiger sharks. The work should help protect the sea grass, and also shows off a powerful way to explore the ocean.(科学家们发现了世界上已知最大的海草地。他们用虎鲨拍摄的视频来做这件事。这项工作应该有助于保护海草，也展示了一种探索海洋的强大方式)”且通读整篇文章可知，文章讲述的虎鲨帮助科学家们发现了世界上已知的最大的海草场。故选B项。
27．A
28．B
29．D
30．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了生活在长江中的受保护物种江豚的数量有所增长，及其增长的原因。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段“Fin-less porpoise, also called Smiling Angels, have become a natural indicator of the health of the Yangtze River ecosystem, especially after the Lipotes vexillifer, a species of the freshwater dolphin commonly known as Baiji, became extinct in 2007.(无鳍江豚，也被称为微笑天使，已经成为长江生态系统健康状况的自然指标，尤其是在白鱀豚（一种淡水海豚，俗称白暨豚）于2007年灭绝之后)”可知，Lipotes vexillifer大约15年前就灭绝了。故选A项。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“The turnaround would not have been possible without the three earlier scientific surveys and the ongoing one.(如果没有早期的三次科学调查和正在进行的调查，这一转变是不可能的)”可知，是早期和正在进行的科学调查让无鳍江豚数量增加。故选B项。
29．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fixing the Yangtze River’s ecology can benefit hundreds of generations, and a good ecology is a fortune of the Chinese nation as a whole.(治理好长江生态，利百代，生态好是中华民族的财富)”可知，作者对待修好长江生态持肯定的态度。故选D项。
30．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Fin-less porpoise, also called Smiling Angels, have become a natural indicator of the health of the Yangtze River ecosystem, especially after the Lipotes vexillifer, a species of the freshwater dolphin commonly known as Baiji, became extinct in 2007.(无鳍江豚，也被称为微笑天使，已经成为长江生态系统健康状况的自然指标，尤其是在白鱀豚（一种淡水海豚，俗称白暨豚）于2007年灭绝之后)”结合通读整篇文章可知，本文讲述的是生活在长江中的受保护物种江豚的数量有所增长，及其增长的原因。由此可知，B选项“让‘微笑天使’再次微笑”最符合文章标题。故选B项。
31．C
32．D
33．B
34．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了40出头的李敏华为北京的老年人提供淋浴辅助服务，她的许多客户都把李敏华当成了自己的女儿。
31．词义猜测题。根据文章第一段内容“I didn’t want to take any risks in giving her a shower(我不想冒任何风险给她洗澡)”和“due to a lack of special equipment and professional assistance(由于缺乏特殊设备和专业协助)”可知，hamper的意思是“阻碍”的意思。故选C项。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段内容“This equipment enables the elderly to lie down comfortably during a bath，as most of them are unable to stand or sit up.(该设备使老年人在洗澡时能够舒适地躺下，因为他们中的大多数人无法站立或坐起来。)”可知，该设备使老年人能很舒服地躺下。故选D项。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段内容“Li’s initial embarrassment gave way to a sense of achievement and pleasure after the man was bathed and scrubbed.(李敏华最初的尴尬让位于男人洗澡和擦洗后的成就感和愉悦感。)”可知，在为老人洗完澡擦洗后，李敏华一开始的尴尬被成就感和愉悦感所取代。故选B项。
34．推理判断题。根据首段中的“Last year, Li Minhua, who is in her early 40s, began helping seniors in Beijing with her shower assistance service, with many of her clients treating Li as their own daughter.(去年，40岁出头的李敏华开始帮助北京的老年人提供淋浴协助服务，她的许多客户都把李当作自己的女儿。)”可知，本文讲述了40出头的李敏华为北京的老年人提供淋浴辅助服务，她的许多客户都把李敏华当成了自己的女儿，这是和一个人的生活有关系的文章。故选A项。
35．D
36．C
37．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个偏远的旅游胜地。
35．细节理解题。根据Socotra Island, Yemen部分中“On the island, a third of the island’s plant life and 90 percent of its reptile species aren’t found anywhere else on earth, including the dragon’s blood tree, an umbrella-shaped tree with red sap.(在岛上，岛上三分之一的植物和90%的爬行动物在地球上其他地方都找不到，包括龙血树，一种伞状的树，有红色的汁液)”可知，Socotra Island以它独特的生物闻名。故选D项。
36．细节理解题。根据Kerguelen Islancls部分中“Grand Terre, the main island, is home to the Port-Aux-Francois research base.(主岛格兰德岛是弗朗索瓦港研究基地的所在地)”可知，在Kerguelen Islands包含研究地点。故选C项。
37．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The remote location has become so popular that visits to the village and waterfalls require a reservation.(这个偏远的地方非常受欢迎，以至于参观村庄和瀑布都需要预订)”可知，游客需要预订。故选B项。阅读理解
Known as a “living fossil”, the Chinese sturgeon (中华鲟) is a very precious species. It is believed to have lived alongside the dinosaurs more than 140 million years ago. Although dinosaurs are long since gone, the Chinese sturgeon still exists. However, the species has been listed as “Critically Endangered” on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species.
On May 14, Shanghai legislators (立法机构) passed a new law protecting the Chinese sturgeon, emphasizing “regional cooperation”, according to China Daily. “This is the first local legislation in the country to protect one endangered fish,” said Ding Wei, director of the legislative affairs committee of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress.
Taken effect on June 6, the regulation urges cooperation in law enforcement (实施), scientific research and rescue of the species between Shanghai and other provinces and regions in the Yangtze River basin, according to People’s Daily.
The need for collaborative efforts is due to the living habitat of the Chinese sturgeon. As an anadromous (溯河产卵的) species, it mainly lives in the Yangtze River and depends on the Vangtze estuary (河口) for migration.
The protection of the Chinese sturgeon is urgent. China began the artificial breeding and release of the fish in 1984. However, very few of the fanned fish have survived in the wild, the number of which is less than 1,000, according to a report by the Shanghai Observer.
Whether this species can be preserved depends on the natural population. “If the natural population is not well protected, the Chinese sturgeon is in danger of extinction.” Li Furong, vice chairperson of the Agricultural and Rural Affairs Committee of Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress, said in the report.
Since Jan 1 of this year, a 10-year fishing ban on key areas of the Yangtze River basin has been issued, covering 332 nature reserves, which includes Shanghai’s Chinese sturgeon nature reserve.
1．What is the new law passed on May 14 in Shanghai about
A．Protecting the Chinese sturgeon.
B．Forbidding fishing in the area.
C．Increasing the reproduction of the Chinese sturgeon.
D．Listing the Chinese sturgeon as an endangered species.
2．What do we know about the Chinese sturgeon
A．It mainly lives in the waters of Shanghai.
B．Artificial breeding technology costs too much.
C．Farmed fish multiplies quickly.
D．Saving the species depends on protecting their natural population.
3．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “collaborative” in Paragraph 4
A．Immediate. B．Joint. C．Urgent. D．Further.
4．What’s the best title of the passage
A．The Chinese Sturgeon: Living Fossil
B．Artificial Breeding: Future of the Chinese Sturgeon
C．A New Law for the Chinese Sturgeon
D．Call for Conservation of the Environment
With fingers and wrists wrapped in medicated tape, Zhang Guimei, founder and principal of the first free high school for girls in China, was presented with the July 1 Medal on Tuesday.
Zhang met her husband in Dali and worked as a teacher in a local school. Unfortunately, her husband died of cancer not long after their marriage. Sadly, Zhang decided to leave this place with which she was too familiar. Hence, she volunteered to teach at a middle school in Huaping, a poverty-stricken county located in the mountains.
Over time, Zhang witnessed the gender gap in education up close in relatively poor rural areas. Urban and rural students already faced unequal access to quality education, and the traditional belief of male superiority only worsened rural girls’ situation. She discovered that many female students would just disappear after studying for a while and some girls were even pulled out of class just before the college entrance exam. The reasons varied: to pay for the younger brother’s tuition, the girl’s parents would have her quit and return home to earn money; the family received engagement gifts.
In 2002, Zhang came up with an idea which, to many, seemed crazy: to found a free high school for girls. Six years later, with help from the Party and the local government and personal donations, she founded the Huaping All-Girls High School. With the goal of never letting a girl fall behind in schooling, Zhang often works overtime despite suffering from several kinds of illnesses. She has walked to almost every household deep in the mountains, talking to the parents about the importance of education for girls.
The efforts paid off. Over the past 13 years, her school has sent 1,800 girls to university. “To educate a girl is to change the destiny of three generations. A cultured, responsible mother won’t let her daughter drop out of school,“ Zhang said.
5．What probably made Zhang Guimei decide to leave the local school in Dali
A．Her love for teaching. B．Her desire for exploration.
C．Her loss of husband. D．Her eagerness for adventure.
6．What inspired Zhang to found a high school for girls
A．Difficult examinations. B．Gender inequality.
C．Local misunderstanding. D．Teacher resignation.
7．Which of the following words can best describe Zhang Guimei
A．Determined. B．Pessimistic. C．Economical. D．Hesitant.
8．What’s the main idea of the text
A．A free high school for girls was successfully set up.
B．A woman with illnesses faces ups and downs in life.
C．The gender gap in education in rural China is bridged.
D．A woman’s devotion to girls’ education finally paid off.
Three Chinese astronauts recently arrived at the new space station in another step forward for the growing space power. Here is a look at some of the space station’s major goals.
The three-member crew will stay for three months in the station’s main living space, called Tianhe. The astronauts will carry out scientific experiments and perform maintenance. They also plan to complete space walks and prepare the station to receive two other modules next year.
While China admits it arrived late to the space station game, it says its new station is modern and includes the latest space technology. Tianhe might even outlast the International Space Station (ISS), which is nearing the end of its operational lifespan.
The recent launch brought back China’s crewed space program after a five-year break. China has now sent 14 astronauts into space since its first launch in 2003. It is the third country after the former Soviet Union and the United States to do so.
As its economy experienced growth in the 1990s, China made a plan for space exploration. Since then, it has attempted to carry out this plan carefully and evenly. China was barred from joining the ISS. It is likely, however, that China would have built its own station anyway because of its goal to be ranked the world top level.
The space program is part of an overall drive to help China take on even larger projects. China also wants to expand cooperation with Russia and other, mostly European countries along with the UN.
China’s space program has been a large part of its national pride. It represents the country’s rise from a poor nation to become the world’s second-largest economy in the last 40 years.
9．What is the purpose for this trip
A．To carry out some restoration.
B．To do some scientific experiments.
C．To get used to space walks.
D．To receive two other modules.
10．What can we say about the new space station
A．Modern and advanced.
B．Well-equipped and comfortable.
C．Regular and reliable.
D．Accessible and convenient.
11．Why is the station built
A．To join the ISS.
B．To conduct astronomic research.
C．To become a major space power.
D．To cooperate with other countries.
12．What can be inferred about the space station from the text
A．It will replace the ISS.
B．It will last as long as the ISS.
C．It has been visited by 14 Chinese astronauts.
D．It will raise the level of Chinese space technologies.
Better China Trip aims to be a bridge for you in China. Whether you are here on business or simply for sightseeing, we offer you a city-to-city transportation, tour guide, and interpreter service. We can also try to assist you in answering any questions you might have with your business in China. For sightseers, we aim to ensure you see the highlights of any particular city or location you want to visit. You can either research your trip by yourself and bring us a preferred itinerary (旅行日程), or make use of our expert local knowledge to suggest one to you. You’d better discuss it with us before you start out; simply email or ring us up. You can also register your personal information, and book any service you need. The following are our services that you can order.
We have Beijing car rental, Beijing van (货车) rental, and Beijing driver services. Better China Trip provides car rental services in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Xi’an, Guilin, etc.
Services available:
1. Car, van and bus rental for business/shopping/sightseeing.
2. Translators and interpreters from Chinese to English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, German, Italian, Russian, etc.
3. Beijing airport transfers (pick-up and drop-off).
4. Hotel and air or train tickets booking.
5. Tour guides&services for the Great Wall, Tian’anmen Square, the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, the Temple of Heaven, the Ming Tombs, etc.
6. Tickets booking for Kungfu shows, magic, Peking Opera, etc.
7. Health care: traditional Chinese massage (推拿), foot massage, body massage.
8. Experiencing local Beijing Hutong life by tricycle.
Contact us:
You can visit our website at: www..
Tel:010 84026538 (within China); 008610 84026538 (outside China);
Email: bctrip01@
MSN (Microsoft service Network): bctrip01@
13．Whom will Better China Trip serve mainly
A．The citizens who live or work in Beijing.
B．Whoever has language difficulty in China.
C．Whoever travels or does business in China.
D．The athletes coming to Beijing for big games.
14．When is the best time for you to contact the service company
A．Before you start out.
B．When you arrive in Beijing.
C．When you have any trouble.
D．After you start your travel.
15．With the help of the company you can get the service of________.
A．getting a passport to go abroad
B．tour guides who speak many languages
C．driving you to any place at any time
D．getting the tickets to a Kungfu show
Outdoor teaching gives students a great sense of wonder and awe as they learn.
On a misty September afternoon,a boy with a bright red backpack spotted something slimy on the ground.“Hello, all the mushrooms,” he said，tapping the fungus（真菌）.
A teacher asked why they might be growing in that spot. The boy thought for a moment:“Because it’s shady and wet!”
That was just one lesson for a group of kids from the Chicago Botanic Garden Nature Preschool,a program that’s part of the growing field of nature-based early childhood education.
Nature preschools in the US have more than doubled in the last three years,according to the Natural Start Alliance,a project of the North American Association for Environmental Education.Ann Halley, director of the Botanic Garden School,said that curiosity comes with the outdoors.
“Taking the children down to the cove（小海湾）area and just sitting and looking at thegeese as they're landing,just that sense of wonder and awe-those are things that can only be supplied when you’re outside,”Halley said,“ These are the things that inspire lifelong learners.”
Additionally, nature develops resilience（适应力）, sets kids up for greateracademic success and provides a ready-made classroom with lessons in science, math and even empathy. Studies also show benefits ranging from sunlight’s positive effect on eyesight to stress reduction from green spaces.
In fact, teachers and parents are searching for ways to make outdoor programs more accessible.Andrea Bockewitz,whose children attended a nature preschool,said she hopes that the solutions won’t be temporary. “I’m hoping that this is going to stick,that we are going to get kids outside more,”Bockewitz said.
16．Why is the lesson about mushrooms mentioned in the beginning
A．To criticize the traditional classroom teaching.
B．To explain the growing conditions of fungus.
C．To lead up to the topic of outdoor schooling.
D．To think highly of the boy for his cleverness.
17．What can be inferred from the passage
A．Nature preschools do not catch on in the US.
B．Outdoor teaching helps develop the children's curiosity.
C．All the students taking outdoor classes must become lifelong learners.
D．Kids show no interest in nature
18．What is Andrea Bockewitz’s attitude to outdoor schooling
A．Indifferent.
B．Doubtful.
C．Negative.
D．Supportive.
19．What can be the best title of the passage
A．Learning with Nature
B．Say NO to Traditional Teaching
C．Nature Preschools in the US
D．Get Close to Kids
A spacecraft carrying Nie Haisheng,Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo touched down safely in the Gobi Desert in Inner Mongolia today (Sept.17) at 1:34 a.m. EDT (1:34 p.m. Beijing time) today, bringing the historic Shenzhou 12 mission to an end.
Shenzhou 12 launched on June 16 and arrived seven hours later at Tianhe ( “Harmony of the Heavens” ), the core module of China’s Earth-orbiting space station. The Shenzhou 12 crew, commanded by Nie, spent 90 days aboard Tianhe, staying aloft about three times longer than any previous Chinese crewed spaceflight.
Shenzhou 12’s retum to Earth was a multiday affair. The spacecraft detached from Tianhe Wednesday (Sept.15) at 8:56 p.m. EDT, according to a statement released by the China Manned Space Engineering Office (CMSEO). Shenzhou 12 then performed a rendezvous test with Tianhe, which was complete by 1:38 a. m.EDT Thursday (Sept.16), CMSEO officials said in another update.
During their time in orbit,the Shenzhou 12 astronauts snapped some amazing photos of Earth and carried out a variety of scientific experiments. They also performed two spacewalks designed to help get the 54-foot-long (16.6 meters) Tianhe fully up and running and ready for future visits, which will be frequent over the coming months.
For example, China is expected to send the robotic Tianzhou 3 cargo spacecraft toward Tianhe around Sept.20. And the next crewed mission to the module, the six-month-long Shenzhou 13, is apparently scheduled to launch in mid-October. (Exact target dates are hard to come by with Chinese missions, because the nation tends not to announce many details of its spaceflight plans in advance.)
20．The underlined part “touched down” in the first paragraph probably means ________.
A．landed successfully
B．launched on time
C．took off on schedule
D．updated around the clock
21．According to the passage we know EDT is ________.
A．12 hours ahead of Beijing time
B．8 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time
C．12 hours later than Beijing time
D．8 hours later than Greenwich Mean Time
22．What is the main purpose of the mission to Tianhe
A．To repair the parts that went wrong.
B．To carry out two space walks.
C．To send the robotic Tianzhou 3 cargo spacecraft.
D．To get China’s Earth-orbiting space station ready and running.
23．In which section can we most possibly read this text on a website
A．Geography.
B．News.
C．Health.
D．Environment.
The vaccine (疫苗) news continues to seem very encouraging. Britain started its mass vaccination effort and the U. S. isn’t far behind. But there is still one dark cloud hanging over the vaccines that many people don’t yet understand. The vaccines will be much less effective at preventing death and illness if they are introduced into a population where the coronavirus is still severe-as is now the case in the U.S.
A vaccine is like a fire hose (消防龙头). A vaccine that is 95 percent effective, as Moderna’s and Pfizer’s versions appear to be, is a powerful fire hose. But the size of a fire is still a bigger determinant of how much destruction occurs.
At the current level of infection in the U. S.(about 160,000 confirmed new infections per day), a vaccine that is 95 percent effective — distributed at the expected pace — would still leave a terrible toll (伤亡人数) after it was introduced. Almost 36 million or so Americans have caught the virus, and more than 600,000 have died. This is far worse than the toll in a different situation where the vaccine was only 50 percent effective. However, it’s worth pausing for a moment on this comparison. If the U.S. maintained its current infection rate and Moderna and Pfizer announced that their vaccines were only 50 percent effective, a lot of people would panic.
But the reality we have is actually worse. How could this be No vaccine can get rid of a pandemic immediately, just as no fire hose can put out a forest fire. While the vaccine is being distributed, the virus continues to do damage.
There is one positive way to look at this: Measures that reduce the virus’s spread — like mask-wearing, social distancing and rapid-result testing — can still have great consequences. They will save many lives in coming months.
24．According to the passage,what is the public’s attitude to the effects of the vaccine
A．Critical.
B．Optimistic.
C．Worred.
D．Neutral.
25．How does the author mainly present his argument
A．By giving definitions.
B．By classifying facts.
C．By drawing comparisons.
D．By appealing to emotions.
26．We can infer from Paragraph 3 that ________.
A．fewer people will die if the infection rate is lower
B．the US have controlled the spread of the coronavirus
C．the death toll in the next months will be reduced a lot
D．the vaccines are less effective than expected
27．Which does the author think is a better way to save lives
A．Improving the effectiveness of the vaccines.
B．Producing a greater variety of vaccines.
C．Looking at the situation in a positive way.
D．Wearing masks and practicing social distancing.
Activities in November
Holiday Market and Bake Sale in Monkton
This festival holiday event should definitely not be missed! Head over to the Friends Methodist House, 78 Monkton Ridge anytime Saturday morning to shop for some crafts(手工艺品)that were made locally. Also enjoy homemade chocolate, cakes, and other snacks! For more information, call 802-453-2870. NOV. 20, 9 AM-2 PM.
“West Side Story” on Stage in Brandon
If you need an excuse to cry, watching “West Side Story“ live is a pretty good one. Otter Valley Union High School(OVUHS)will be hosting Walking Stick Theatre’s production of “West Side Story. ”Advanced tickets are $ 8 at the OVUHs Library. Tickets are $ 8 at the door for students and seniors, $ 10 for adults. NOV. 21, 7 PM-9 PM.
Lecture on Bali in Bristol
Join the community in hearing a lecture by Dr. Carla Osgood and Dr. David Osgood entitled “Bali: Consciousness, Culture and Community” at the Lawrence Memorial Library in Bristol. They have spent 20 years teaching in Bali, and are sure to provide an invaluable view. NOV. 21. 7 PM-8:30 PM.
Wolfing down and Digestion in Middlebury
Love listening to stories Attend the StoryMatters meeting on Tuesday at IIsley Library. The local group will share stories all on the topic of food. There will also be a teaching session after the stories during which trainers will help with the process of storytelling. For more information, email larl7g@ . NOV. 24, 10 AM-2 PM.
28．Where can handmade snacks be bought
A．In Monkton.
B．In Brandon.
C．In Bristol.
D．In Middlebury.
29．How can you get a ticket for “West Side Story“ in advance
A．By calling 802-453-2870 to book it.
B．By emailing lar17g@.
C．By buying it at the OVUHS Library.
D．By contacting Carla Osgood or David Osgood.
30．Which of the following should you attend if you want to improve your storytelling skills
A．Lecture on Bali.
B．“West Side Story” on Stage.
C．Wolfing down and Digestion.
D．Holiday Market and Bake Sale.
43-year-old John Chadwick started live-streaming (直播) life of the birds with their chicks.But just weeks after uploading the videos to YouTube, he gained millions of views from around the world.
John said, “To think that tens of millions of people have been watching the birds from around the world is just incredible and quite overwhelming.”
The sound engineer bought the bird box by accident. He placed it on a willow tree in his back garden in March, and within hours two blue tits (蓝冠山雀) moved in and they had five chicks. At first, he only wanted to show his family what the birds were up to.
John said, “Within a day the birds moved in, and I wanted to know what was going on inside. I started to livestream and do video highlights every day-on the first day 100 people watched it. It showed things like the chicks being fed in the nests as the parents carried in caterpillars (毛毛虫). After three months, I had 2, 000 subscribers.”
John decided to put a final video together and keep it as short as possible-showing the birds going into the nests, the eggs hatching, and the chicks fledging(长羽毛).
Now despite the huge global success of the videos, John is unlikely to make enough for a nest egg of his own. He still needs to struggle for his family. But some people say they find it quite relaxing and genuinely fascinated by John’s videos.
He said, “My personal challenge to myself was to get out of my comfortable zone. And I enjoy exploring new areas. But I keep in mind that I need to care for my family.”
31．Why did John livestream birds’ life at first
A．To kill time at home.
B．To know more about the birds.
C．To get him closer to his family.
D．To call on people to shelter blue tits.
32．What trouble is John faced with now
A．His financial problem.
B．Little blue tits’ settlements.
C．Improvement of his final video.
D．Challenges from online viewers.
33．Which words can best describe John
A．Intelligent and hardworking.
B．Helpful and wise.
C．Knowledgeable and generous.
D．Adventurous and responsible.
34．What would be the best title for the text
A．A Bird Lover’s Video of Blue Tits Attracts Millions of Fans
B．A Video Raises People’s Awareness of Protecting Birds
C．Technology Can Greatly Affect the Survival of Wildlife
D．A Bird Lover Makes Efforts to Protect Rare Blue Tits
Papua New Guinea is an island nation north of Australia with a population of more than 9, 100. 000 people. It is recognized for its cultural diversity, as most of its population lives in traditional indigenous (土著的)communities.A result of this is that there are more than 850 active languages in the country today．
The earliest family of languages in the country, the Papua family appeared roughly 40, 000 years ago. The key to this language diversity is the isolationist (孤立主义的) tendencies of the tribes (部落) within Papua New Guinea. Tribes never made contact with one another, so each different language faced little risk of mixing with other languages or being replaced.
This changed with the arrival of Europeans in the 19th century. They introduced the people of apua New Guinea to English and other European languages. The combination of English and native languages has resulted in a form of language called Tok Pisin, which is the most common language in the country. Speaking Tok Pisin and English can help a young Papua New Guinean find more opportunities outside of their villages.
However, the disadvantage is that with more people speaking Tok Pisin or English, many of the indigenous languages are in danger. A study of indigenous languages in Papua New Guinea found that only 58% of students could speak an indigenous language. Meanwhile, 91% of their parents were fluent in their native tongues. If this pace continues, many of these languages are at risk. Some of Papua New Guinea’s languages are already in vulnerable places with fewer than 100 known speakers.
Each language represents a piece of culture that could not be replaced if every speaker dies out. To help keep these languages alive, linguists (语言学家) have worked with indigenous Papua New Guineans to create dictionaries and grammatical guides. Technology is used to record the language, meaning that even if the last known speaker of a language dies, evidence of the tongue still exists. While this can help keep a language from dying, teaching indigenous languages in local schools can truly keep the languages alive.
35．What has led to the language diversity in Papua New Guinea
A．Many foreigners’ arrival in history.
B．Local governments’ encouragement.
C．The large population in this small country.
D．The lack of communication between tribes.
36．What do we know about Tok Pisin
A．It is usually spoken out of the country.
B．It was invented completely by Europeans.
C．It contributes to spreading native languages.
D．It is popular among the younger generation.
37．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Especially important.
B．Able to be easily hurt.
C．Different in some way.
D．In a position of authority.
38．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．The importance of ancient languages.
B．Ways to teach students native languages.
C．Efforts to preserve endangered languages.
D．The bright future of indigenous languages.
参考答案
1．A
2．D
3．B
4．C
【导语】本文为说明文。文章介绍了被誉为“活化石”的中华鲟被国际自然保护联盟的濒危物种红色名录列为“极度濒危”。5月14日，上海立法机构通过了一项新的中华鲟保护法，这是全国第一部保护濒危鱼类的地方立法，该条例于 6月6日生效。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“On May 14, Shanghai legislators passed a new law protecting the Chinese sturgeon, emphasizing “regional cooperation”, according to China Daily. “This is the first local legislation in the country to protect one endangered fish,” said Ding Wei, director of the legislative affairs committee of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress. (据《中国日报》报道，5月14日，上海立法机构通过了一项保护中华鲟的新法律，强调“区域合作”。“这是全国第一部保护一种濒危鱼类的地方立法，”上海市人大法制委员会主任丁伟说)”可知，5月14日在上海通过的一项新法律是关于保护中华鲟的。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第六段“Whether this species can be preserved depends on the natural population. “If the natural population is not well protected, the Chinese sturgeon is in danger of extinction.” Li Furong, vice chairperson of the Agricultural and Rural Affairs Committee of Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress, said in the report. (该物种能否保存取决于自然种群。“如果自然种群得不到很好的保护，中华鲟就有灭绝的危险。”上海市人大农业农村委员会副主任委员李芙蓉在报告中说)”可知，拯救该物种取决于保护其自然种群。故选D项。
3．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Taken effect on June 6, the regulation urges cooperation in law enforcement, scientific research and rescue of the species between Shanghai and other provinces and regions in the Yangtze River basin，according to People’s Daily. (据《人民日报》报道，该法规于6月6日生效，敦促上海与长江流域其他省区在执法、科学研究和救援方面进行合作)”可知，划线单词指的是上海与长江流域的其他省份之间的合作 ，故推测collaborative意为“合作的”。故选B项。
4．主旨大意题。根据第二段“On May 14, Shanghai legislators passed a new law protecting the Chinese sturgeon, emphasizing “regional cooperation”, according to China Daily. “This is the first local legislation in the country to protect one endangered fish,” said Ding Wei, director of the legislative affairs committee of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress.(据《中国日报》报道，5月14日，上海立法机构通过了一项保护中华鲟的新法律，强调“区域合作”。上海市人大法制工作委员会主任丁伟说：“这是全国第一部保护濒危鱼类的地方立法。”)”可知，文章主要介绍上海通过一项新的法律以保护中华鲟这种极度濒危动物。故C项“（保护）中华鲟的新法律”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选C项。
5．C
6．B
7．A
8．D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国第一所免费女子高中的创始人兼校长张桂梅被授予“七一勋章”，介绍了她创立这所学校的经过和教学理念。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Unfortunately, her husband died of cancer not long after their marriage. Sadly, Zhang decided to leave this place with which she was too familiar.(不幸的是，她的丈夫在他们结婚后不久就死于癌症。悲伤的心情下，张决定离开这个她十分熟悉的地方)”可知，张桂梅失去了丈夫，所以决定离开大理当地的学校。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Urban and rural students already faced unequal access to quality education, and the traditional belief of male superiority only worsened rural girls’ situation. She discovered that many female students would just disappear after studying for a while and some girls were even pulled out of class just before the college entrance exam. The reasons varied: to pay for the younger brother’s tuition, the girl’s parents would have her quit and return home to earn money; the family received engagement gifts.(城乡学生在接受优质教育方面本来就不平等，传统的男尊女卑观念只会让农村女孩的处境更加糟糕。她发现，很多女生在学习一段时间后就消失了，一些女生甚至在高考前被赶出课堂。原因多种多样：为了支付弟弟的学费，女孩的父母会让她退学回家挣钱；这家人收到了彩礼)”可知，是性别不平等促使张创办了女子高中。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“With the goal of never letting a girl fall behind in schooling, Zhang often works overtime despite suffering from several kinds of illnesses. She has walked to almost every household deep in the mountains, talking to the parents about the importance of education for girls.(为了不让一个女孩在学校落后，张经常加班，尽管患有各种疾病。她几乎走遍了深山里的每一个家庭，和他们的父母谈论教育对女孩的重要性)”以及最后一段中“Over the past 13 years, her school has sent 1,800 girls to university.(在过去的13年里，她的学校送了1800名女孩上大学)”可推知，张桂梅是个有决心的人。故选A。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“With fingers and wrists wrapped in medicated tape, Zhang Guimei, founder and principal of the first free high school for girls in China, was presented with the July 1 Medal on Tuesday.(周二，中国第一所免费女子高中的创始人兼校长张桂梅被授予七一勋章，此时她的手指和手腕上还缠满了止痛药膏)”和最后一段中“The efforts paid off. Over the past 13 years, her school has sent 1,800 girls to university.(这些努力得到了回报。在过去的13年里，她的学校送了1800名女孩上大学)”可知，文章主要讲述了中国第一所免费女子高中的创始人兼校长张桂梅的故事。由此可知，“一位妇女对女孩教育的投入终于得到了回报”能够概括文章主旨。故选D。
9．B
10．A
11．C
12．D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道中国三名宇航员抵达中国新空间站，文章还介绍了太空之旅的目标和中国建空间站的原因。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The astronauts will carry out science experiments and perform maintenance. (宇航员将实施开展科学实验并进行维护工作。)”可知，这次航天旅行的目的是进行科学实验和维护，故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“While China admits it arrived late to the space station game, it says its new station is modern and includes the latest space technology. (虽然中国承认自己在空间站建设上起步较晚，但它表示，自己的新空间站非常现代且包含了最新的太空技术。)”可知，中国新空间站很现代且技术先进，故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“It is likely, however, that China would have built its own station any way because of its goal to be ranked the world top level. (然而，无论如何中国都会建造自己的空间站，因为它的目标是跻身世界顶级水平。)”可知，中国建造空间站的目的是要成为世界太空强国，故选C。
12．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“The space program is part of an overall drive to help China take on even larger projects. (这项太空计划是帮助中国承担更大项目的整体进程的一部分。)”可推断出，该太空项目将会提高中国太空技术的水平，故选D。
13．C
14．A
15．D
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍Better China Trip的相关信息。
13．细节理解题。根据第一段“Better China Trip aims to be a bridge for you in China. Whether you are here on business or simply for sightseeing, we offer you a city-to-city transportation, tour guide, and interpreter service.”(Better China Trip旨在成为您在中国的桥梁。无论您是出差还是单纯的旅游观光，我们都为您提供城市间的交通、导游和翻译服务。)可知，Better China Trip为那些在中国出差和单纯的旅游观光的人提供服务。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据第一段“You’d better discuss it with us before you start out”(你最好在出发前和我们讨论一下)可知，跟Better China Trip联系的最佳时间是在出发之前。故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据Services available: 部分第6条“Tickets booking for Kungfu shows, magic, Peking Opera, etc.”(预订武术表演、魔术、京剧等的门票。)可知，Better China Trip会为人们预订武术表演的门票。故选D。
16．C
17．B
18．D
19．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了美国的学前教育是如何在户外进行的以及活动给学生带来的好处。
16．推理判断题。根据第三自然段“A teacher asked why they might be growing in that spot.（一位老师问它们为什么会长在那个地方。）”以及接下来的文章提到的户外教学可知，在这里是为了引出接下来的话题。C项“To lead up to the topic of outdoor schooling.（引出户外学校的话题。）”正确。故选C。
17．推理判断题。根据第六自然段“…just that sense of wonder and awe-those are things that can only be supplied when you’re outside,” Halley said, “ These are the things that inspire lifelong learners.”（“那种惊奇和敬畏的感觉——只有当你在外面的时候才能得到，”哈雷说，“这是激励终身学习者的东西。”）”可知，这种好奇心是户外教学的好处。B项“Outdoor teaching helps develop the children's curiosity. （户外教学有助于培养孩子的好奇心）”正确。故选B。
18．推理判断题。根据最后一段““I’m hoping that this is going to stick, that we are going to get kids outside more, ” Bockewitz said.（我希望这种做法能持续下去，我们能让孩子们多出去走走.）”可知她是支持的。A. Indifferent不关心的；B. Doubtful怀疑的；C. Negative消极的；D.Supportive支持的。故选D。
19．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章用一个“蘑菇”引出全文的主要话题——户外教学。本文主要介绍了美国的学前教育是如何在户外进行的，以及活动带来的好处，并探讨了如何带孩子们去大自然接受教育。A项“Learning with nature（与自然学习）”符合文意。故选A。
20．A
21．C
22．D
23．B
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。本文介绍了中国的神州12号在太空完成了既定空间站太空任务，三名宇航员成功返回地球，展示了中国在太空科技领域的力量。
20．词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句“A spacecraft carrying Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo touched down safely in the Gobi Desert in Inner Mongolia today (Sept.17) at 1:34 a.m. EDT(1:34 p.m. Beijing time) today, bringing the historic Shenzhou 12 mission to an end. (载着聂海胜、刘伯明和汤洪波的宇宙飞船于美国东部时间今日（9月17日）凌晨1:34，（北京时间凌晨1:34时），在内蒙古戈壁沙漠touched down，历史性的神舟12号任务宣告结束)”可知，神州12任务结束，宇航员乘坐的宇宙飞船返回地球，并在内蒙古戈壁沙漠安全着陆。touched down意思是“成功着陆”，与A项landed successfully意思相近。故选A项。
131．推理判断题。根据第一段“A spacecraft carrying Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo touched down safely in the Gobi Desert in Inner Mongolia today (Sept. 17) at 1:34 a.m. , EDT (1:34 p.m. Beijing time) today, bringing the historic Shenzhou 12 mission to an end. (今天（9月17日）美国东部时间凌晨1:34（北京时间下午1:34），载着聂海胜、刘伯明和汤洪波的宇宙飞船在内蒙古戈壁沙漠安全着陆，历史性的神舟12号任务宣告结束)”，EDT为美国东部时间，美国在西半球，北京在东半球，东半球的时区先于西半球进入新的一天，故美国时间为9月17的凌晨1:34时，北京正值同一天的下午1:34，EDT比北京时间晚12小时。故选C项。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ They also performed two spacewalks designed to help get the 54-foot-long (16.6 meters) Tianhe fully up and running and ready for future visits, which will be frequent over the coming months.(他们还进行了两次太空行走，以帮助54英尺（16.6米）长的天和（核心舱）完全启动和运行，为未来几个月频繁的访问做好准备备，未来几个月访问将很频繁)”可知，这次太空任务的目的是完成中国天河空间站核心舱的安装与运行调试，为未来的工作做好准备。故选D项。
23．推理判断题。第一段“A spacecraft carrying Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo touched down safely in the Gobi Desert in Inner Mongolia today (Sept. 17) at 1:34 a.m. EDT (1:34 p.m. Beijing time) today, bringing the historic Shenzhou 12 mission to an end. (今天（9月17日）美国东部时间凌晨1:34（北京时间下午1:34），载着聂海胜、刘伯明和汤洪波的宇宙飞船在内蒙古戈壁沙漠安全着陆，历史性的神舟12号任务宣告结束)”可知， 本文报道了中国宇航员完成了天和空间站太空任务，并成功返回地球，属于新闻报道，最有可能出现在网站的“新闻”栏。故选B项。
24．B
25．C
26．A
27．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在疫情的情况下，疫苗并不能有效的阻止新冠的传播，最有效的办法是戴上口罩，保持适当距离。
24．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The vaccine (疫苗) news continues to seem very encouraging. Britain started its mass vaccination effort and the U. S. isn't far behind.(疫苗方面的消息似乎仍然非常鼓舞人心。英国开始大规模接种疫苗，美国也紧随其后)”可推断，大众对疫苗的观点是乐观的。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“At the current level of infection in the U. S. (about 160, 000 confirmed new infections per day), a vaccine that is 95 percent effective — distributed at the expected pace — would still leave a terrible toll (伤亡人数) after it was introduced. Almost 36 million or so Americans have caught the virus, and more than 600,000 have died. This is far worse than the toll in a different situation where the vaccine was only 50 percent effective.(根据美国目前的感染水平（每天约有16万例确诊新感染病例），一种95%有效的疫苗——以预期的速度分发——在推出后仍会造成可怕的死亡。大约3600万美国人感染了这种病毒，超过60万人死亡。这比另一种情况下的死亡人数要糟糕得多，在那种情况下，疫苗的有效率只有50%)”可推断，作者主要通过比较两种疫苗的有效性来阐述他的论点。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Almost 36 million or so Americans have caught the virus, and more than 600,000 have died. This is far worse than the toll in a different situation where the vaccine was only 50 percent effective.(大约3600万美国人感染了这种病毒，超过60万人死亡。这比另一种情况下的死亡人数要糟糕得多，在那种情况下，疫苗的有效率只有50%)”可推断，如果感染率降低，死亡人数就会减少。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“There is one positive way to look at this: Measures that reduce the virus’s spread — like mask-wearing, social distancing and rapid-result testing — can still have great consequences. They will save many lives in coming months. (有一个积极的角度来看待这一点：减少病毒传播的措施——如戴口罩、保持社交距离和快速结果检测——仍然可以产生重大后果。他们将在未来几个月拯救许多生命)”可知，戴口罩、保持社交距离是更好的拯救生命的方法。故选D。
28．A
29．C
30．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章推荐了几个11月的休闲活动。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Holiday Market and Bake Sale in Monkton( Monkton的假日市场和烘焙义卖)”中第三句“ Also enjoy homemade chocolate, cakes, and other snacks!(也可以享受自制的巧克力、蛋糕和其他零食!)”可知，自制零食可以在Monkton买到。故选A项。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段““West Side Story” on Stage in Brandon(“西区故事”在Brandon的舞台上)”中第三句“Advanced tickets are $ 8 at the OVUHs Library.( 在OVUHs图书馆，预售票是8美元。)”可知，可以在OVUHs图书馆提前买到“西区故事”的票。故选C项。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段“Wolfing down and Digestion in Middlebury(Middlebury的狼吞虎咽和消化)”中第三句“ There will also be a teaching session after the stories during which trainers will help with the process of storytelling.( 故事结束后还会有一个教学环节，在此过程中，培训师将帮助学生讲故事。)”可知，在Wolfing down and Digestion活动中可以学到讲故事的技能。故选C项。
31．B
32．A
33．D
34．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了John直播鸟儿幼崽生活的视频在YouTube迅速走红，同时他自己也面临着资金不足的问题，但他把这看作是对自己的挑战。
31．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Within a day the birds moved in, and I wanted to know what was going on inside. I started to livestream and do video highlights every day-on the first day 100 people watched it. It showed things like the chicks being fed in the nests as the parents carried in caterpillars (毛毛虫). (不到一天，鸟儿就搬进来了，我想知道里面发生了什么。我开始每天直播并做视频集锦——第一天就有100人观看。它展示了一些东西，比如雏鸟在巢中被喂食，而父母则带着毛毛虫)”可知，John一开始直播是为了能更多地了解这些鸟。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Now despite the huge global success of the videos, John is unlikely to make enough for a nest egg of his own. He still needs to struggle for his family. (现在，尽管这些视频在全球取得了巨大的成功，但约翰不太可能赚到足够的钱来养活自己。他仍然需要为他的家庭而奋斗)”可知，John现在面临着经济问题。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段“He said, “My personal challenge to myself was to get out of my comfortable zone. And I enjoy exploring new areas. But I keep in mind that I need to care for my family.”(他说:“我对自己的个人挑战是走出我的舒适区。我喜欢探索新的领域。但我始终牢记，我需要照顾我的家人。”)”推知，John是一个喜欢冒险并有责任心的人。故选D。
34．主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第一段“43-year-old John Chadwick started live-streaming (直播) life of the birds with their chicks.But just weeks after uploading the videos to YouTube, he gained millions of views from around the world.(43岁的John Chadwick开始直播这些鸟和它们的幼崽的生活。但就在将视频上传到YouTube的几周后，他在世界各地获得了数百万的观看量)”可知，文章主要讲述了John直播鸟儿幼崽生活的视频在YouTube迅速走红，同时他自己也面临着资金不足的问题，但他把这看作是对自己的挑战。A项“一位爱鸟人士的蓝雀视频吸引了数百万粉丝”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选A。
35．D
36．D
37．B
38．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍澳大利亚北部岛国新几内亚以其多元文化而闻名，但现在该国的土著语言正面临着消失的危险。为了保护这些语言人们进行了一些尝试。
35．推理判断题。根据第一段的“It is recognized for its cultural diversity, as most of its population lives in traditional indigenous (土著的)communities.A result of this is that there are more than 850 active languages in the country today.(它的文化多样性得到承认，因为它的大多数人口生活在传统的土著社区。其结果是，今天在这个国家有850多种活跃的语言)”和第二段的“Tribes never made contact with one another, so each different language faced little risk of mixing with other languages or being replaced.(部落之间从未有过接触，所以每种不同的语言几乎没有与其他语言混合或被取代的风险)”可知，Papua New Guinea的大多数人都生活在传统的土著社区，部落之间沟通联系很少。由此推知，部落之间缺乏沟通联系导致Papua New Guinea语言的多样性。故选D。
36．推理判断题。根据第三段的“The combination of English and native languages has resulted in a form of language called Tok Pisin, which is the most common language in the country. Speaking Tok Pisin and English can help a young Papua New Guinean find more opportunities outside of their villages.(英语和当地语言的结合形成了一种叫做Tok Pisin的语言，这是该国最通用的语言。说Tok Pisin和英语可以帮助巴布亚新几内亚的年轻人在他们的村庄之外找到更多的机会)”推知，Tok Pisin在年轻人中很受欢迎，因为这可以帮助他们在存在外找到更多的机会。故选D。
37．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“A study of indigenous languages in Papua New Guinea found that only 58% of students could speak an indigenous language. Meanwhile, 91% of their parents were fluent in their native tongues. If this pace continues, many of these languages are at risk. Some of Papua New Guinea’s languages are already in vulnerable places with fewer than 100 known speakers.(一项关于巴布亚新几内亚土著语言的研究发现，只有58%的学生会说一种土著语言。与此同时，91%的父母能流利地说母语。如果这种速度继续下去，许多语言都将面临危险。巴布亚新几内亚的一些语言已经处于vulnerable的境地，已知的使用者不足100人)”可知，会说土著语言的人越来越少，如果这种情况继续下去，许多语言将会面临危险，并且事实上已经有一些语言处于容易受到威胁的境地，因为说它们的人已不足100。由此可知，vulnerable意为“容易受到伤害的，岌岌可危的”。故选B。
38．主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“To help keep these languages alive, linguists (语言学家) have worked with indigenous Papua New Guineans to create dictionaries and grammatical guides. Technology is used to record the language, meaning that even if the last known speaker of a language dies, evidence of the tongue still exists. While this can help keep a language from dying, teaching indigenous languages in local schools can truly keep the languages alive.(为了帮助保持这些语言的生命力，语言学家们与巴布亚新几内亚土著人民合作，编写字典和语法指南。科技被用来记录这种语言，这意味着即使最后一个说这种语言的人去世了，这种语言的证据仍然存在。虽然这有助于防止一种语言消亡，但在当地学校教授土著语言可以真正让这些语言存活下)”可知，本段主要介绍了保存这些濒临消失的语言所付出的努力。故选C。阅读理解
In 2020, OpenAI, a research lab in San Francisco, revealed a system called GPT-3. It is what artificial intelligence researchers call a neural(神经系统的) network, after the web of neurons in the human brain. A neural network is really a mathematical system that learns skills by locating patterns in vast amounts of digital data. By analyzing thousands of cat photos, for instance, it can learn to recognize a cat. “We call it ‘artificial intelligence,’ but a better name might be ‘finding statistical patterns from large data sets’,” said Dr. Gopnik, the Berkeley professor.
More recently, researchers at places like Google and OpenAI began building neural networks that learned from enormous amounts of prose, including digital books and Wikipedia articles by the thousands. GPT-3 is an example. As it analyzed all that digital text, it built what you might call a mathematical map of human language — more than 175 billion data points that describe how we piece words together. Using this map, it can perform many different tasks, like penning speeches, writing computer programs and having a conversation.
But there are limitations. If you ask GPT-3 for 10 speeches in the voice of Mark Twain, it might give you five that sound remarkably like the famous writer — and five others that come nowhere puter programmers use the technology to create small snippets(一小段) of code they can slip into larger programs, but more often than not they have to edit and adjust whatever it gives them.
Still, Dr. Gopnik described this kind of system as intelligent. “It is not intelligent in the way humans are. It is like an unfamiliar form of intelligence,” he said. “But it still counts.”
Dr. Gopnik and many others in the field are confident that they are on a path to building a machine that can do anything the human brain can do. This confidence shines through when they discuss current technologies. He admits that some A．I. researchers “struggle to differentiate between reality and science fiction.” But he believes these researchers still serve a valuable role. “They help us dream of the full range of the possible,” he said.
Perhaps they do. But for the rest of us, these dreams can get in the way of the issues that deserve our attention.
1．Which of the following statements correctly describes GPT-3
A．It is meant to monitor human’s neuron webs.
B．It stores limitless data in its mathematical system.
C．It can identify images and employ human language.
D．It studies pictures and digital books to invent patterns.
2．In paragraph 3, the example of computer programmers is used to __________.
A．illustrate GPT-3 is far from perfect
B．warn programmers against technology
C．show the process of slipping code into program
D．explain why GPT-3 fails to find Mark Twain’s speeches
3．What does Dr. Gopnik think of the mathematical system of GPT-3
A．He finds it valuable because it maximizes the current technologies.
B．He doubts its worth though it is remarkably similar to a human brain.
C．He thinks highly of it because it plays a valuable role in A．I. research.
D．He believes it will interrupt our thinking though it differs from science fiction.
4．What’s the author’s attitude towards A．I.
A．Enthusiastic. B．Opposed. C．Supportive. D．Unconcerned.
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5．In order to be kept informed of the privacy information, you’d better __________.
A．examine the Privacy Policy regularly
B．check the official notification weekly
C．express your changing needs privately
D．evaluate the business practices critically
6．Which of the statements is TRUE about Bundaberg’s collecting users’ personal information
A．You have no knowledge of what personal information is collected.
B．Your personal information can promote Bundaberg’s business functions.
C．All the customers are required to provide identical personal information.
D．You may not get some services without providing requested personal information.
7．Bundaberg will use your personal information for the purpose of __________ without getting your agreement first.
A．attracting new sub-contractors
B．advertising its services
C．sending bills to you
D．letting you know about special offers
Julia Whelan climbed into the recording room in her home office. In preparation, she had avoided alcohol the night before, had avoided milk since waking at 6 a.m. and had run through the warm-up voice exercises.
Whelan, 38, is the calm, confident female voice behind more than 400 other audiobooks, as well as the narrated versions(叙事版本) of many articles. Once she has taken on a project, she reads through the book once or twice, deciding on themes to highlight when she gets into the recording room by using different tones and accents, and emphasizing certain words. “Narrating a book really is a performance,” she said, “and it can be harder to do than acting, because I can’t use my eyes or facial expressions to convey something to the audience.”
As she spent time subsuming herself in the writing of others, she began to think more about her own creative ambitions. Just before the pandemic, she began “Thank You for Listening,” combining her writing with the experiences she has collected as a narrator.
Writers say that Whelan has helped them understand their own work. “When I listen to Julia read my stories, it sounds like she is calling you over to tell you a great story,” said Nuzzi, whose work has been narrated by Whelan. “When I write now, I try to think like that, that I am calling a reader over to tell him a great story. It has completely changed my approach.” Whelan said that she also learns about her writing when she experiences it as a narrator. “There is something about it that changes when you’re performing it,” she said. “I read the book out loud during every stage of its revisions but it’s different when you sit down and have the microphone in front of you, when I finally am in all the characters and the story comes to life.”
8．Before recording a book, Whelan __________.
A．acts out its narrated version
B．builds up strength through exercise
C．determines the focus of its subject
D．varies its emphasized words
9．The underlined phrase “subsuming herself in the writing of others” (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to “__________ herself in the writing of others”.
A．dismissing B．involving C．maintaining D．presenting
10．How does narrating help Whelan do her own writing better
A．It enables her to think in readers’ view.
B．It inspires her to be absorbed in the story.
C．It provides her with diverse life experiences.
D．It reminds her to pursue her creative ambition.
11．What can be concluded from Whelan’s experience as a narrator and writer
A．Excellent narration is based on convincing stories.
B．Narrating is a more rewarding ambition than writing.
C．An influential writer is definitely a wonderful narrator.
D．Experiences as a narrator can change the writing approach.
Searching Venus’ sky
From the moon to Mars, scientists have been hunting for alien life in the solar system for decades.
However, Venus was not regarded as an ideal place because of its hot temperature and dry atmosphere.
But a recent discovery of traces of a gas in the clouds of Venus has excited astronomers, as it may serve as a potential sign of life.
On Sept 14, the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada announced that scientists have detected phosphine(磷化氢) in the clouds of Venus. Phosphine is a colorless, toxic(有毒的)gas that has an odor of garlic. Though toxic, it is viewed as a possible sign of life because on Earth the gas is made by microorganisms that live in oxygen-free environments.
“I was very surprised - stunned, in fact,” astronomer Jane Greaves of Cardiff University in Wales and lead author of the research, told MSN. “There is a chance that we have detected some kind of living organism in the clouds of Venus.”
This layer of clouds is about 48 kilometers above the Venus surface, with its temperature ranging from 30 to 200 degrees Fahrenheit (about -1 to 93℃). Scientists have speculated that if life exists on Venus, this cloud deck(云盖)is likely the only place where it would survive.
Scientists went through every possibility that could have led to the formation of phosphine gas in Venus’ clouds, including volcanoes, lightning strikes, small meteorites(陨石)falling into the atmosphere. But they ruled all of them out. It was concluded that there is no explanation for the existence of this gas in Venus’ clouds, other than the presence of life, USA Today reported.
Although the detection of phosphine is not robust(强有力的)evidence for life, this finding is great enough to change scientists’ view on Venus, which is thought to be a completely inhospitable planet.
What signs of life we looking for
1. Liquid water: It can dissolve a huge range of molecules needed for life and facilitate their chemical reactions.
2. Mild temperatures: Temperatures higher than 122 C will destroy most complex organic molecules, and make it almost impossible for carbon-based life to form.
12．What is the text mainly about
A．A newly detected gas may indicate possible existence of life on Venus.
B．Scientists found the most hospitable place on Venus.
C．The environment on Venue changed in favor of life.
D．Phosphine formed on Venus means alien life is present.
13．What can we learn about phosphine from the text
A．It has no smell at all. B．It only exists on Venus.
C．It can be produced by microorganisms. D．It is a sign of the existence of oxygen.
14．What can we infer from paragraphs 5 and 6
A．Various living organisms have been detected on Venus.
B．The higher the cloud is above Venus, the warmer it is.
C．The cloud deck is rich in phosphine.
D．If life exists on Venus, it is likely in the cloud deck.
15．What did scientists conclude about the phosphine gas detected on Venus
A．It could be formed as a result of the falling of meteorites.
B．It could be a sign that there is life in Venus’ clouds.
C．It could be caused by volcanoes and lighting strikes.
D．It proves that Venus is another hospitable planet.
There are some typical of trains you’ll find yourself traveling on in France. SNCF (法国国家铁路公司) operates a mix of high-speed services on major routes and slower regional services between smaller stations around France. Find out more about each train type below.
TGV High-speed: up to 320 km/h Connects Paris with major cities in France Double-decker trains One of the most popular modes of transport for long-distance travel in France. These modern trains run on around 50 high-speed routes and always require a reservation in advance.
Inter-cites Stops at cities not part of the TGV network Day and night services Night trains between Paris and Toulouse, Rodez, Briancon and Latour-de-Carol Inter-cites trains are mainly used for medium-distance journeys across France. Although not as fast as TGV trains, they service a lot of stations across the country that aren’t on TGV routes. Reservations are usually required on most Inter-cites services.
TER Regional trains (one for each region in France) Low-cost Stops at smaller stations around France TER stands for Transport Express Regional and there are 20 different regional TER services operating across France. Popular with commuters (远距离通勤的人), you’ll likely board one of these trains for shorter distance travel to smaller cities and towns throughout France. You won’t need a reservation to board a TER train.
Sleeper trains Overnight travel to several destinations in France Comfortable and secure cabins Opportunity to save on accommodation Operated by Thello, the popular night train route in France starts in Paris and works its way down into Italy. If you want to save money on accommodation during your trip, taking a sleeper train lets you wake up feeling refreshed at your next destination.
16．What do TGV trains and Inter-cites trains have in common A．Both can travel at 320 km/h. B．Both are double-decker trains.
C．Both usually require a reservation. D．Both connect big cities in Europe.
17．What is special about TER service
A．It features night services. B．It travels as fast as TGV trains.
C．It is suitable for long-distance travel in France. D．It offers regional services at relatively low costs.
18．Which best suits people who travel to Italy and want to save money
A．TGV trains. B．Inter-cites trains.
C．TER trains. D．Sleeper trains.
Green fingers
It never occurred to me when I was little that gardens were anything less than glamorous places. Granddad’s garden was on the bank of a river and sloped gently down towards the water. You couldn’t reach the river but you could hear the sound of the water and the birds that sang in the trees above. I imagined that all gardens were like this - a place of escape, peace and solitude. Granddad’s small plot of land was nothing out of the ordinary when it came to features. He had nothing as grand as a greenhouse, unlike some of his neighbors. However, this little piece of land bore a great part of my carefree and joyful childhood.
At home, his son, my father, could be quiet and withdrawn. I wouldn’t want to make him sound humorless. He wasn’t. Silly things would amuse him. I came to realize that, deep down, he was probably disappointed that he hadn’t made more of his life. He left school without qualifications and became a plumber apprentice(学徒). Plumbing was not something he was passionate about. It was just what he did. He was never particularly ambitious, though there was a moment when he and Mum thought of moving to Canada, but it came to nothing. Where he came into his own was around the house. He had an “eye for the job”. Be it bookshelves or a cupboard - what he could achieve was astonishing. My parents moved house only once in their entire married life. But my father made up for this lack of daring when it came to furniture. You would have just got used to the shape of one chair when another appeared.
As for me, school didn’t appeal to me much. I wanted to leave school as soon as possible but that seemed an unlikely prospect until one day my father announced, “They’ve got a vacancy for an apprentice gardener in the Parks Department. I thought you might be interested.” In one brief moment Dad had gone against his better judgment. He might still have preferred it if I became a carpenter. But I like to feel that somewhere inside him was a feeling that things might just turn out for the best. Maybe I’m deceiving myself, but I prefer to believe that in his heart, although he hated gardening himself, he’d watched me doing it for long enough and noticed my unfailing passion for all things that grew and flowered and fruited.
19．When the writer describes his granddad’s garden, he is ________.
A．proud that his granddad was such a good gardener
B．embarrassed that the garden was not as good as others nearby
C．annoyed that items in the garden were often damaged
D．positive about the time he spent in the garden
20．What is the writer’s attitude to his father in the second paragraph
A．He was regretful that his father had not achieved more.
B．He was annoyed that his father used words he didn’t understand.
C．He was sympathetic to the reasons why his father behaved as he did.
D．He was grateful that his father had not taken the family to Canada.
21．What does the writer mean by the underlined phrase “came into his own”
A．was able to do something by himself
B．was able to show how talented he was
C．was able to continue his day job
D．was able to forget his failure
22．What does the writer think is the reason behind his father’s decision in the last paragraph
A．His father did not manage to make a better judgment.
B．His father was tired of disagreeing with his son.
C．His father had been impressed by his son’s love of gardening.
D．His father came to realize the charm of gardening.
How can the train operators possibly justify yet another increase to rail passenger fares It has become a grimly reliable annual ritual: every January the cost of travelling by train rises, imposing a significant extra burden on those who have no option but to use the rail network to get to work or otherwise. This year’s rise, an average of 2.7 percent, may be a little bit lower than last year’s, but it is still well above the official Consumer Price Index (CPI) measure of inflation(通货膨胀).
Successive governments have permitted such increases on the grounds that the cost of investing in and running the rail network should be borne by those who use it, rather than the general taxpayer. Why, the argument goes, should a car-driving pensioner from Lincolnshire have to subsidise(补贴)the daily commute(通勤)of a rail traveller from Surrey Equally, there is a sense that the sufferings of commuters in the South East, have received too much attention compared to those who must endure the relatively poor infrastructure of the Midlands and the North.
However, over the past 12 months, those commuters have also experienced some of the worst rail strikes in years. It is all very well train operators boasting about the improvements they are making to the network, but passengers should be able to expect a basic level of service for the substantial sums they are now paying to travel. The responsibility for the latest wave of strikes rests on the unions. However, there is a strong case that those who have been worst affected by industrial action should receive compensation for the disruption they have suffered.
The Government has promised to change the law to introduce a minimum service requirement so that, even when strikes occur, services can continue to operate. This should form part of a wider package of measures to address the long-running problems on Britain’s railways. Yes, more investment is needed, but passengers will not be willing to pay more indefinitely if they must also endure cramped, unreliable services, along with regular chaos when timetables are changed, or planned maintenance is managed incompetently. The threat of nationalisation may have been seen off for now, but it will return with a revenge if the justified anger of passengers is not addressed in short order.
23．The author holds that this year’s increase in rail passengers fares ________.
A．creates extra burden on taxpayers.
B．has kept pace with inflation.
C．is beyond the expectation of commuters
D．remains an unreasonable practice.
24．According to the passage, which of the following is right
A．Compensations are to be given to the commuters affected by the strikes.
B．A minimum service requirement will be likely to settle the railway problems.
C．In terms of service, there is a conflict between train operator’s claim and the reality.
D．Train operators have suffered huge losses owing to the strikes.
25．If unable to calm down passengers, the railways may have to face ________.
A．the loss of investment. B．the collapse of operations.
C．a reduction of revenue(收入) D．a change of ownership.
26．Which of the following would be the best title for the text
A．Who Are to Blame for the Ever-rising Fares
B．Rail Strikes Need to Be Stopped
C．Enhance Railway Service, Ease Passenger Anger
D．Ever-rising Fares Are Unreasonable
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Eating out goes a long way back. The Romans had their pubs serving set meals and cook shops called thermopolia selling hot ready-to-eat dishes. In the Middle Ages, inns would provide buffets of cold meats or roasts to serve the many people who didn’t have kitchens. Before the revolution in France, there were plenty of places where you could eat out but fine dining was something enjoyed merely by the aristocracy (贵族) in the comfort of their own homes.
In 18th-century France, while the aristocrats were enjoying food prepared by personal chefs, cold winters and oppressive taxation had left most of the French population unable to afford bread. When the starving masses finally took to the streets of Paris in 1789, commonly known as the French Revolution, the aristocrats fled to the countryside, leaving their chefs and their fine wines behind. Both found their way to the cities’ existing eateries and within a year, a host of new elegant restaurants with extensive menus had been established.
“These restaurants were a microcosm (缩影) of the New France,” says David Gilks, a lecturer in Modern European History at the University of East Anglia. “They were the places where the nouveau riche, who had profited from the revolution, were to be seen. There were still shortages of basic food stuffs in many parts of Paris but in the nicer parts you would see people enjoying fine food in elegant surroundings.”
In the 1760s the merchants of Paris developed a taste for light soups known as “restoratives” or “restaurants”, and dining halls where customers could sit at individual tables and have them began popping up around the city.
The new post-revolutionary restaurants took their names from these and the new class of French businessmen, booming in the early 19th century when Napoleon decided that if people were enjoying food and drinks, they’d be unlikely to rebel again. Citizens were granted the “freedom of pleasure” and restaurants began to compete with each other. They were featured in travelogues and became tourist attractions in their own right.
“Intended or not, restaurants can signpost both the decline and success of an Empire,” says William Sitwell, author of The Restaurant: A History of Eating Out. “The extraordinary advancement of the dining scene of ancient Pompeii was indicative of the Roman Empire’s vision breadth and booming. The dark restaurant scene of the United Kingdom in the 1940s after World War II showed quite how the horrors of conflict had damaged the country’s food, culture and taste.”
30．Which of the following is a consequence of the French Revolution
A．Most personal chefs were left unemployed.
B．Eateries found their way to the countryside.
C．Fine dining no longer just belonged to the aristocrats.
D．There were almost no shortages of basic food stuffs in Paris.
31．What can be learned about the word “restaurant” from the passage
A．It was coined by the nouveau riche.
B．It originally referred to a type of food.
C．It came into being after the French Revolution.
D．It was first defined as the “freedom of pleasure”.
32．What can be inferred from William Sitwell’s comments on restaurants
A．They are symbols of transformation.
B．They are the result of development.
C．They lost their appeal to British people in the 1940s.
D．They made their first appearance in ancient Pompeii.
33．What is the passage mainly about
A．The national vision of eating out. B．The varying popularity of restaurants.
C．The unintended purposes of eating out. D．The history and evolution of restaurants.
Once you choose to become an actor, many people who you thought were your closest friends will tell you you’re crazy, though some may react quite differently. No two people will give you the same advice. But it is a very personal choice you are making, and only you can take responsibility for yourself and for realising your ambition.
There are no easy ways of getting there — no written examination to pass, and no absolute guarantee that when you have successfully completed your training you will automatically make your way in the profession. It’s a matter of luck plus talent.
I have frequently been asked to define this magical thing called talent, which everyone is looking out for. I believe it is best described as natural skill plus imagination — the latter being the most difficult quality to assess. And it has a lot to do with the person’s courage and their belief in what they are doing and the way they are putting it across.
Where does the desire to act come from It is often very difficult to put into words your own reasons for wanting to act. Certainly, in the theatre the significant thing is that moment of contact between the actor on the stage and a particular audience. And making this brief contact is central to all acting, wherever it takes place — it is what drives all actors to act.
If you ask actors how they have done well in the profession, the response will most likely be a shrug. They will not know. They will know certain things about themselves and aspects of their own technique and the techniques of others. But they will take nothing for granted, because they know that they are only as good as their current job, and that their fame may not continue.
Disappointment is the greatest enemy of the actor. Last month you may have been out of work, selling clothes or waitressing. Suddenly you are asked to audition (试镜) for a part, but however much you want the job, the truth is that it maybe denied you. So actors tend not to talk about their chances. They come up with ways of protecting themselves against the stress of competing for a part and the possibility of rejection.
34．If you decide to take up acting, you may well receive a lot of _____ from your close friends.
A．encouragement B．sympathy
C．jealousy D．objection
35．Which of the following is the writer most likely to agree with in terms of acting
A．Good actors know very well about their secret of success.
B．Talented actors are usually those with a vivid imagination.
C．There should be training and exams to qualify potential actors.
D．Not all actors like the contact with the audience while on the stage.
36．What does the writer imply about disappointment
A．It is what actors often talk about.
B．Actors should compete to avoid it.
C．Actors should get accustomed to it.
D．It will surely affect actors’ performance.
37．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage
A．So you want to be an actor
B．Wanting to be an actor Don’t hesitate
C．Why acting appeals to young people
D．Acting: riskier than expected
参考答案
1．C
2．A
3．C
4．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由旧金山的一个实验室OpenAI所展示的一个名为GPT-3的系统。这个系统被人工智能研究人员称为神经网络，它可以通过定位大量数字数据中的模式来学习技能。对此系统，不同的人发表了不同的看法。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“By analyzing thousands of cat photos, for instance, it can learn to recognize a cat.(通过分析数千张猫的照片，它可以学会识别猫。)”和文章第二段“GPT-3 is an example. As it analyzed all that digital text, it built what you might call a mathematical map of human language — more than 175 billion data points that describe how we piece words together. Using this map, it can perform many different tasks, like penning speeches, writing computer programs and having a conversation.(GPT-3就是一个例子。当它分析所有的数字文本时，它就构建了一个你可以称之为人类语言的数学地图——超过1750亿个数据点，这些数据点描述了我们如何将单词组合在一起。使用这张地图，它可以执行许多不同的任务，如撰写演讲稿、编写计算机程序和进行对话。)”可知，GPT-3可以识别图像并使用人类语言。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句“But there are limitations.(但也有局限性。)”和“Computer programmers use the technology to create small snippets of code they can slip into larger programs, but more often than not they have to edit and adjust whatever it gives them.(计算机程序员使用这项技术来创建可以将其插入到更大的程序中的代码的小片段，但更多的时候，他们必须编辑和调整它给他们的任何内容。)”可知，GPT-3还是有局限性的，它创建的代码并不是完全正确的，还需要程序员亲自编辑和调整，这说明GPT-3远非完美。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Still, Dr. Gopnik described this kind of system as intelligent. ‘It is not intelligent in the way humans are. It is like an unfamiliar form of intelligence,’ he said. ‘But it still counts.’(尽管如此，Gopnik博士还是将这种系统描述为智能系统。他说：“它不像人类那样聪明。它就像一种不熟悉的智力形式。但它仍然很重要。”)”和第五段“Dr. Gopnik and many others in the field are confident that they are on a path to building a machine that can do anything the human brain can do. This confidence shines through when they discuss current technologies. (戈普尼克博士和该领域的许多其他人都相信，他们正在走上一条制造机器的道路，这种机器可以做人类大脑所能做的任何事情。当他们讨论当前的技术时，这种信心就会油然而生。)”可知，Dr. Gopnik高度评价了GPT-3这个系统，因为它在人工智能研究中发挥着重要作用。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Perhaps they do. But for the rest of us, these dreams can get in the way of the issues that deserve our attention.(也许是这样。但对我们其他人来说，这些梦想可能会阻碍值得我们关注的问题。)”可知，在作者看来，尽管人工智能可以帮人类实现很多梦想，但同时也可能会阻碍那些值得我们关注的问题，所以对此持反对意见。故选B。
5．A
6．D
7．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是Bundaberg的一些隐私政策。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Accordingly, this Privacy Policy is subject to change over time without notification being made to users, and therefore we encourage you to periodically review this Privacy Policy to become aware of any changes that may have occurred.(因此，本隐私政策可能会在不通知用户的情况下随时更改，因此我们鼓励您定期查看本隐私政策，以了解可能发生的任何更改。)”可知，为了随时了解隐私信息，您最好定期检查隐私政策，故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据Collection of Personal Information部分第二段的“For example, if you refuse to provide some personal information as may be requested on the Bundaberg website, you may not be able to use all features or services of the website.(例如，如果您拒绝提供Bundaberg网站可能要求您提供的某些个人信息，您可能无法使用本网站的所有功能或服务。)”可知，关于Bundaberg收集用户个人信息，陈述正确的是如果不提供所要求的个人信息，您可能无法获得某些服务。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据Use and Disclosure of Personal Information部分的“We may use your personal information for the following purposes(我们可能会将您的个人信息用于以下用途)”和“Billing purposes(计费用途)”可知，Bundaberg将在未经您同意的情况下将您的个人信息用于寄账单给你，故选C。
8．C
9．B
10．A
11．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述读书人Julia Whelan的工作故事。
8．推理判断题。由文章第二段“Once she has taken on a project, she reads through the book once or twice, deciding on themes to highlight when she gets into the recording room by using different tones and accents, and emphasizing certain words.(一旦她开始了一个项目，她就会读一到两遍这本书，决定进入录音室时要突出的主题，使用不同的音调和口音，并强调某些单词。)”可知，Julia Whelan在读书前先需要决定所读内容突出的主题。故选C项。
9．词句猜测题。由文章第三段“As she spent time subsuming herself in the writing of others, she began to think more about her own creative ambitions. (当她花时间让自己 在他人的写作中时，她开始更多地思考自己的创作抱负。)”可知，subsuming应表示“沉浸”，所以involving意思和它接近。故选B项。
10．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“‘When I listen to Julia read my stories, it sounds like she is calling you over to tell you a great story,’ said Nuzzi, whose work has been narrated by Whelan. ‘When I write now, I try to think like that......(‘当我听Julia读我的故事时，听起来她是在叫你来给你讲一个很棒的故事，’Nuzzi说，她的作品由 Whelan担任旁白。‘当我现在写作时，我试着这样思考......)”可知，Whelan 读作品时可让她从读者的角度思考自己的写作。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“‘When I write now, I try to think like that, that I am calling a reader over to tell him a great story. It has completely changed my approach.’ Whelan said that she also learns about her writing when she experiences it as a narrator. ‘There is something about it that changes when you’re performing it,’ she said.‘I read the book out loud during every stage of its revisions but it’s different when you sit down and have the microphone in front of you, when I finally am in all the characters and the story comes to life.’(‘当我现在写作时，我试着这样想，我是在叫一位读者过来给他讲一个很棒的故事。这完全改变了我的写作方式。’Whelan说，当她作为叙述者体验写作时，她也了解了自己的写作。她说：‘当你在表演的时候，它会有一些变化。在每一个修改阶段，我都会大声朗读这本书，但当你坐下来，把麦克风放在面前，当我最终融入所有角色，故事变得生动起来时，情况就不同了。’)”可知，作为读书人的经历让Whelan的写作方式风格发生了改变。故选D项。
12．A
13．C
14．D
15．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一种新探测到的气体可能表明金星上可能存在生命。
12．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“From the moon to Mars, scientists have been hunting for alien life in the solar system for decades.（从月球到火星，几十年来，科学家们一直在太阳系中寻找外星生命。）”和文章第三段“But a recent discovery of traces of a gas in the clouds of Venus has excited astronomers, as it may serve as a potential sign of life（但是在金星的云层里最新的发现让天文学家十分激动，因为它可能表明了金星上生命的存在。）”以及文章第六段“Scientists have speculated that if life exists on Venus, this cloud deck(云盖)is likely the only place where it would survive.（科学家们猜测，如果金星上存在生命，那么云团可能是生命存在的唯一地方。）”可知，文章主要讲述了一种新探测到的气体可能表明金星上可能存在生命。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Phosphine is a colorless, toxic(有毒的)gas that has an odor of garlic. Though toxic, it is viewed as a possible sign of life because on Earth the gas is made by microorganisms that live in oxygen-free environments.（磷化氢是一种无色的有毒气体，有大蒜的气味。虽然有毒，但它被视为可能存在生命的迹象，因为在地球上，这种气体是由生活在无氧环境中的微生物产生的。）”可知，它可以由微生物产生。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第六段“Scientists have speculated that if life exists on Venus, this cloud deck(云盖)is likely the only place where it would survive.（科学家们猜测，如果金星上存在生命，那么云团可能是生命存在的唯一地方。）”可推知，如果金星上有生命存在，那很可能是在云中。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据文章第七段“Scientists went through every possibility that could have led to the formation of phosphine gas in Venus’ clouds, including volcanoes, lightning strikes, small meteorites(陨石)falling into the atmosphere. But they ruled all of them out. It was concluded that there is no explanation for the existence of this gas in Venus’ clouds, other than the presence of life, USA Today reported.（科学家们研究了所有可能导致金星云层中磷化氢气体形成的可能性，包括火山爆发、闪电、坠入大气层的小陨石。但他们都排除了。据《今日美国》报道，得出的结论是，除了生命的存在，无法解释金星云层中这种气体的存在。）”可知，这可能是金星云层中存在生命的迹象。故选B。
16．C
17．D
18．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了法国国家铁路公司旗下的一些列车类型的相关信息。
16．细节理解题。根据文章“TGV”部分中的“These modern trains run on around 50 high-speed routes and always require a reservation in advance. (这些现代化的列车在大约50条高速线路上运行，总是需要提前预订。)”以及“Inter-cites”部分中的“Reservations are usually required on most Inter-cites services. (大多数城际列车服务通常需要预订)”可推知，TGV高铁和城际列车的共同点是两者通常都需要预订。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据文章“TER”部分中的“Low-cost (低成本)”以及“TER stands for Transport Express Regional and there are 20 different regional TER services operating across France. (TER是区域运输快件的缩写，在法国有20种不同的区域运输快件服务。)”可知，TER服务的特别之处在于它以相对较低的成本提供区域服务。故选D。
18．推理判断题。根据“Sleeper trains”部分中的“Operated by Thello, the popular night train route in France starts in Paris and works its way down into Italy. If you want to save money on accommodation during your trip, taking a sleeper train lets you wake up feeling refreshed at your next destination. (由泰洛运营，这条在法国颇受欢迎的夜间列车线路从巴黎出发，进入意大利。如果你想在旅途中节省住宿，那就坐一辆sleeper train，让你在下一个目的地醒来时感觉精神焕发。)”可推知，Sleeper trains适合想去意大利，又想要省钱的人。故选D。
19．D
20．C
21．B
22．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候受到了爷爷做园艺的熏陶，之后父亲决定让作者从事园艺的故事。
19．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Granddad’s small plot of land was nothing out of the ordinary when it came to features. He had nothing as grand as a greenhouse, unlike some of his neighbors. However, this little piece of land bore a great part of my carefree and joyful childhood.”（爷爷的那一小块土地在特征方面没有什么特别之处。他没有像温室一样宏伟的东西，不像他的一些邻居。然而，这片小小的土地承载了我无忧无虑、快乐的童年的很大一部分。）可知，作者认为爷爷的花园承载了自己无忧无虑、快乐的童年的很大的一部分。可推知，作者对在爷爷的花园里度过的快乐时光是肯定的。故选D。
20．推理判断题。根据第二段中“At home, his son, my father, could be quiet and withdrawn. I wouldn’t want to make him sound humorless. He wasn’t. Silly things would amuse him. I came to realize that, deep down, he was probably disappointed that he hadn’t made more of his life. ”（在家里，他的儿子，我的父亲，安静又孤僻。我不想让他听起来毫无幽默感。他没有（幽默感）。像孩子一般的可笑的事情也会逗他开心。我开始意识到，在内心深处，他可能因为他没有为他的生活做出更多的贡献而感到失望。）可知，作者意识到父亲如同孩子一样的行为源自父亲的内心深处对他没有为生活做出更多的贡献而感到失望。故选C。
21．推理判断题。根据划线句之后“He had an “eye for the job”. Be it bookshelves or a cupboard - what he could achieve was astonishing. My parents moved house only once in their entire married life. But my father made up for this lack of daring when it came to furniture. You would have just got used to the shape of one chair when another appeared.”（他对这份工作很有眼光，无论是书架还是橱柜，他的成就都令人惊叹。我父母婚后只搬过一次家。但我父亲弥补了他在家具方面的胆怯。你刚刚习惯了一把椅子的形状，另一把椅子就出现了。）可知，父亲对于做家具很擅长，在这个领域可以充分展示他的天赋。所以可推知，划线短语此处的含义为“父亲能展示他自己的天赋”，故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But I like to feel that somewhere inside him was a feeling that things might just turn out for the best. Maybe I’m deceiving myself, but I prefer to believe that in his heart, although he hated gardening himself, he’d watched me doing it for long enough and noticed my unfailing passion for all things that grew and flowered and fruited.”（但我喜欢他内心深处的那种感觉，觉得事情可能会变得更好。也许我在欺骗自己，但我更愿意相信在他的心里，尽管他自己讨厌园艺，但他已经看着我做了足够长的时间，并注意到我对所有生长、开花和结果的事物的不懈热情。）可知，对于父亲决定让作者去做园丁学徒，作者认为是因为父亲看自己做了足够长的时间，并注意到自己对所有生长、开花和结果的事物的不懈热情。故选C。
23．D
24．C
25．D
26．D
【导语】本文是议论文。文章围绕铁路乘客车费再次上涨的问题展开，说明了费用上涨的原因和产生的后果，针对花费上涨作者并不同意。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段It has become a grimly reliable annual ritual ... imposing a significant extra burden on those...由grimly(冷酷地，讨厌地)和a significant extra burden(一个巨大的额外负担)可知，作者对铁路乘客车费上涨的态度是负面的。再根据题干关键词this year’s increase定位到第一段“This year’s rise, an average of 2.7 per cent, may be a fraction lower than last year’s, but it is still well above the official Consumer Price Index (CPI) measure of inflation.”(今年平均2.7%的上涨，也许比去年的上涨稍微低一些，但是它仍然远远高于官方消费者物价指数衡量的通货膨胀程度)推知，作者认为车费上涨是不合理的。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段“It is all very well train operators boasting about the improvements they are making to the network, but passengers should be able to expect a basic level of service for the substantial sums they are now paying to travel”(火车运营商宣扬他们对铁路网作出的改进无可非议，但考虑到乘客如今为出行支付的大量费用，他们理应能够期待基本水平的服务)可见，在服务方面，列车经营者的主张与实际存在着矛盾。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The threat of nationalisation may have been seen off for now, but it will return with a vengeance if the justified anger of passengers is not addressed in short order”(国有化的威胁也许暂时可以避免，但是，如果乘客的正当愤怒不能被立即解决，这种威胁会卷土重来)可见，如果铁路公司不能让乘客镇静下来，铁路公司将会面临国有化的威胁，即所有权的变更。故选D。
26．主旨大意题。文章首段提出铁路乘客车费再次上涨的问题，即文章讨论的主题；二段简单阐述历届政府允许车费上涨的理由；三至四段聚焦于乘客所付车费和享受到的服务不对等的问题。作者认为乘客应该受到补偿，英国铁路服务标准必须得到保障，并指出如果服务得不到保障，乘客将不会无止境地支付更多车费。D项中的Ever-Rising Fares(不断上涨的车费)是文章讨论的主题，Are unreasonable(是不合理的)是作者的观点。D项完整地概括了全文内容。故选D。
27．D
28．C
29．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍Lively Flip这款手机的特点，服务和费用等。
27．细节理解题。根据EASY TO USE中的“Today, cell phones are hard to hear, difficult to dial and overloaded with features you may never use. That’s not the case with the Lively Flip. A large screen and big buttons make it easy to call family and friends, and the powerful speaker ensures every conversation is loud and clear. (如今，手机听起来很难听，很难拨号，而且功能繁多，你可能永远都用不到。但Lively Flip的情况并非如此。大屏幕和大按钮让打电话给家人和朋友很容易，强大的扬声器确保每一次对话都是响亮和清晰的)”可知A项(它摒弃了不必要的功能)、B项(它保证了每次通话的高质量)是Lively Flip的特点，再根据文章中的“The Lively Flip is one of the most affordable cell phones on the market and comes with reliable nationwide coverage. You can even keep your current landline or cell phone number. (Lively Flip是市场上最实惠的手机之一，具有可靠的全国覆盖。你甚至可以保留你现在的座机或手机号码)”可知C选项(它不需要更改电话号码)也是Lively Flip的特点，D选项“它使用户可以随时呼叫医生寻求帮助”文章没有提到，故选D。
28．推理判断题。根据EASY TO USE中的“Today, cell phones are hard to hear, difficult to dial and overloaded with features you may never use. That’s not the case with the Lively Flip. A large screen and big buttons make it easy to call family and friends, and the powerful speaker ensures every conversation is loud and clear. (如今，手机听起来很难听，很难拨号，而且功能繁多，你可能永远都用不到。但Lively Flip的情况并非如此。大屏幕和大按钮让打电话给家人和朋友很容易，强大的扬声器确保每一次对话都是响亮和清晰的)”可知Lively Flip手机打电话操作方便，声音质量好，所以推断它特别适合不熟悉数字技术的老年人，故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据EASY TO BE PREPARED部分“Life has a way of being unpredictable, but you can be prepared in an uncertain or unsafe situation with Urgent Response Service. Simply press the Urgent Response button to speak with a highly trained Agent who can confirm your location, evaluate your situation and get you the help you need, 24/7.(做好准备生活有一种不可预测的方式，但您可以通过紧急响应服务在不确定或不安全的情况下做好准备。只需按下紧急响应按钮，即可与训练有素的代理人交谈，该代理人可以确认您的位置，评估您的情况，并为您提供所需的帮助，全天候)”可知，紧急响应按钮的设计是Lively Flip独有的。故选B。
30．C
31．B
32．A
33．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了餐馆的历史和进化过程。
30．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Both found their way to the cities’ existing eateries and within a year, a host of new elegant restaurants with extensive menus had been established.(它们都走向了城市现有的餐馆的道路，在一年之内，一大批菜单丰富的新的优雅餐厅已经建立起来)”以及第三段中“There were still shortages of basic food stuffs in many parts of Paris but in the nicer parts you would see people enjoying fine food in elegant surroundings.(在巴黎的许多地方，基本食物仍然短缺，但在较好的地方，你会看到人们在优雅的环境中享受美食)”可知，法国大革命致使餐厅和美食不再是贵族专属。故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Romans had their pubs serving set meals and cook shops called thermopolia selling hot ready-to-eat dishes. In the Middle Ages, inns would provide buffets of cold meats or roasts to serve the many people who didn’t have kitchens.(罗马人的酒吧提供套餐和名为thermopolia的烹饪店，出售热腾腾的即食菜肴。在中世纪，小旅馆会提供冷肉或烤肉的自助餐，为许多没有厨房的人服务)”可知，“restaurant”一词最初是指一种食物。故选B。
32．推理判断题。根据最后一段中William Sitwell说的话“Intended or not, restaurants can signpost both the decline and success of an Empire(无论有意无意，餐馆都可以标志一个帝国的衰落和成功)”及“The extraordinary advancement of the dining scene of ancient Pompeii was indicative of the Roman Empire’s vision breadth and booming. The dark restaurant scene of the United Kingdom in the 1940s after World War II showed quite how the horrors of conflict had damaged the country’s food, culture and taste.(古代庞贝的饮食场面的非凡进步，表明了罗马帝国的视野广度和蓬勃发展。第二次世界大战后40年代英国黑暗的餐馆场景很好地展示了恐怖的冲突是如何破坏这个国家的食物、文化和品味的)”可知，从他的话可以得出，餐馆是变革的象征。故选A。
33．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Eating out goes a long way back.(外出就餐的历史可以追溯到很久以前)”可知，文章主要介绍了餐馆的历史和进化过程。故选D。
34．D
35．B
36．C
37．A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了一旦你选择成为一名演员，许多朋友会认为你疯了，但是只有你才能为自己和实现自己的抱负承担责任。作者在文中提供了一些关于演艺的知识。
34．细节理解题。根据第一段“Once you choose to become an actor, many people who you thought were your closest friends will tell you you’re crazy, though some may react quite differently. No two people will give you the same advice. (一旦你选择成为一名演员，许多你认为是你最亲密的朋友的人会告诉你你疯了，尽管有些人的反应可能截然不同)”可知，如果你决定从事表演，你很可能会收到很多密友的反对。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据第三段“I believe it is best described as natural skill plus imagination—the latter being the most difficult quality to assess. And it has a lot to do with the person’s courage and their belief in what they are doing and the way they are putting it across. (我认为最好用自然技能加上想象力来形容，后者是最难评估的品质。这与这个人的勇气、他们对自己所做的事情的信念以及他们表达的方式有很大关系)”可知，就演出而言，作者最可能同意天才演员通常是那些想象力丰富的演员的说法。故选B。
36．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Disappointment is the greatest enemy of the actor. Last month you may have been out of work, selling clothes or waitressing. Suddenly you are asked to audition (试镜) for a part, but however much you want the job, the truth is that it maybe denied you. So actors tend not to talk about their chances. They come up with ways of protecting themselves against the stress of competing for a part and the possibility of rejection. (失望是演员最大的敌人。上个月你可能失业了，卖衣服或当服务员。突然，你被要求试镜一个角色，但不管你多么想要这份工作，事实是它可能会拒绝你。所以演员们往往不会谈论自己的机会。他们想出了保护自己免受竞争角色压力和被拒绝可能性的方法)”可知，关于失望，作者暗示演员应该习惯它。故选C。
37．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Once you choose to become an actor, many people who you thought were your closest friends will tell you you’re crazy, though some may react quite differently. No two people will give you the same advice. (一旦你选择成为一名演员，许多你认为是你最亲密的朋友的人会告诉你你疯了，尽管有些人的反应可能截然不同) ”可知，本文讲述了你想成为演员，就要靠自己，以及在下文提供了一些关于演艺的知识。由此可知，“所以你想成为一名演员”适合作本文最佳标题。作者以总结的口吻提出了你的愿望，是最佳标题。故选A。阅读理解
Volunteer Day
What better way is there to enjoy your own hobbies while helping others at the same time Come to Volunteer Day and choose an activity you’d like to join for the day. See below for a schedule of events on Volunteer Day.
Volunteer Day Schedule:
7:30 a.m.: Meet at the Community Centre for juice and bagels.
8:00-8:30 a.m.: Choose which activity you’d like to help with for the day.
8:30 a.m.: Board the bus to your activity site.
9:00 a.m.-3:30 p.m.: Work as a volunteer.
3:30 p.m.: Board the bus that will take you back to the Community Centre.
See below for a list of volunteer opportunities for Volunteer Day so you can begin thinking about which activity you might want to join.
A list of volunteer activities:
Paint houses: Happy Homes is a local organization that provides home painting. For elderly or physically disabled people who cannot do repairs to their homes, Happy Homes provides volunteer painters to repaint old houses.
Plant flowers: Help plant flowers and bushes in city parks, help lay paths at Cave Springs Park, or help pick up rubbish around the river banks.
Read to children: Love and Learning is an organization that provides volunteers to help children with learning disabilities. Read books out loud to groups of children four to six years old, or read one-on-one with struggling readers seven to eight years old.
Play with animals: Lovely Friends is an organization that visits local animal shelters and provides volunteers to spend time with the animals while their cages are being cleaned.
If you take interest in it, please call 0195242 for more information.
1．At what time do volunteers leave for their activity sites
A．7:30 a.m.
B．8:00 a.m.
C．8:30 a.m.
D．9:00 a.m.
2．What do Lovely Friends volunteers do
A．Read books to children.
B．Pick up garbage along the river.
C．Help plant bushes in parks.
D．Spend time with animals.
3．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To attract volunteers.
B．To present a festival.
C．To show a schedule.
D．To introduce activities.
The old residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity(慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve old people’s wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed. It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 old people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
4．What is the purpose of the project
A．To ensure harmony in care homes.
B．To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C．To raise money for medical research.
D．To improve the old people’s wellbeing.
5．How has the project affected Ruth Xavier
A．She has learned new life skills.
B．She has gained a sense of achievement.
C．She has recovered her memory.
D．She has developed a strong personality.
6．What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 5
A．Improve.
B．Refuse.
C．Begin.
D．Believe.
7．What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs
A．It is well received.
B．It needs to be more creative.
C．It has made lots of money.
D．It takes ages to see the results.
Race walking (竞走) shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely leading to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing (摆动) and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. Race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories (卡路里) hour, which is almost twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking doesn’t do as much harm to the body as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult (咨询) a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
8．Why are race walkers conditioned athletes
A．They must run long distances.
B．They must compete in the marathon.
C．They have to follow special rules.
D．They are good at swinging their legs.
9．What advantage does race walking have over running
A．It’s more popular at the Olympics.
B．It’s less challenging physically.
C．It’s more effective in body building.
D．It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.
10．What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking
A．Getting experts’ opinions.
B．Having a medical checkup.
C．Hiring an experienced coach.
D．Doing regular exercises.
Sharon Holland and her husband, Jer, are travelling around the world and saving money at the same time — by swapping (交换) houses with strangers to keep the bills low. They only have to pay for their flights, meaning they save hundreds of pounds on their holidays each year.
The couple’s occupation (职业) allows them to enjoy long periods of school holidays. Both work as school Deputy Principals,which allows them to take their children, Cian, 23, Miah,13, and Faye, 11, abroad up to four times per year. On average, they pay 1, 250 per year for flights.
Sharon, from Cork, Ireland, has exchanged her home with a stranger 40 times in the last 13 years and says she’s never looked back. She said, “I couldn’t imagine travelling any other way now. Swapping our Irish Georgian farmhouse for another house abroad is amazing. There are home-style houses, modern city apartments and beautiful architectural period houses too. Every holiday is different and staying in someone else’s house makes our experience more rewarding and enjoyable. We are able to meet more locals and understand the culture more than we would if we were to stay at a hotel. We bring our laptops during the summer weeks as we are both responsible for timetabling and school planning but this can be done at a distance.”
Sharon has visited various cities in America, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, the UK and their home country of Ireland. “But our favourite place is Italy. We have been lucky enough to visit there six times. Over the years, every experience has been great — from taking in the architecture to the food. We have made some wonderful happy memories for less,” adds she.
11．Why do the couple travel by swapping houses with strangers
A．To avoid taking flights.
B．To spread local culture.
C．To improve their living conditions.
D．To cut down their travel costs.
12．What can we know about Sharon from the text
A．She comes from England and likes Italy.
B．She never lives in a hotel when traveling.
C．She likes the way of swapping houses.
D．She plans to open a school with her husband.
13．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．It introduces some ways of exchanging houses.
B．It tells about a couple’s special way of travelling.
C．It tries to persuade more people to travel worldwide.
D．It teaches people how to save money while traveling.
Physical education, or gym class, isn’t required for all high school students. In some schools, it isn’t offered for some different reasons. But should high school students have physical education The answer is certainly “yes”.
Today many people don’t do sports. But as is known to all, doing sports is very important for an adult. Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.
High school isn’t that easy. Many students are under a lot of stress. Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life. Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school.
The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity(肥胖症). Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger. The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around, such as video games and computer activities, means many teens don’t get their required exercise. Physical education classes act as a public health measure to encourage activity and help teens have healthy weights.
Inactivity(不活跃) increases teens’ risk of developing many diseases. An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes towardtreating medical conditions that can be hindered by lifestyle changes, according to the American College of Sports Medicine.
According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic(学业的) performance. Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study,did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.
14．According to Paragraph 2, what role does physical education play in high school
A．Helping teens learn to make good plans.
B．Relieving the stress faced by teens at school.
C．Making teens pay more attention to exercise later.
D．Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise.
15．What can we infer from the passage
A．Most high school students are harmed by stress.
B．American teens get 60 minutes’ exercise per day to control weight.
C．Video games help many teens to get required exercise.
D．Doing sports can help the students live a happier life at school.
16．What does the underlined word “hindered” in Paragraph 5 mean
A．Prevented.
B．Measured.
C．Worsened.
D．Caused.
17．What is the text mainly about
A．How high school students can live a happier life.
B．How schools can help students love doing sports.
C．Why some schools consider physical education important.
D．Why high school students should receive physical education.
It was Christmas Eve when my elder sister and decided to open our presents before our mom got home from work. She usually came home about an hour after we got home from school, which we thought was plenty of time to take a peek at the gifts under the tree.
My elder sister opened present after present while I was ordered to stand guard at the big window in our front room. Finally, when my sister’s curiosity was satisfied, we traded places.
After unwrapping a few presents, I found it faster to open one end of a present and peek inside. “Cool! Mom and Dad got me head phones for my stereo!” I pulled the headphones out of the box and was about to put them on when my sister shouted, “Quick! Wrap it back up! Mom’s coming!”
I put the headphones back hurriedly in the box but my hands were shaking. My heart pounded harder as I tried to get the tape to stick. I had just finished burying the package with my headphones in it when my mother came into the front room. I jumped up and said, “Hi, Mom!” She smiled at me and said “Hi” back, but didn’t appear to suspect a thing. My heart began to slow as I took a deep breath.
On Christmas morning, my sister and I smiled and gave award-winning performances when we opened our presents — again. “Headphones!” I shouted. “Thanks, it’s just what I wanted.” After everything had been opened, my sister and I looked at each other, and our eyes met. Our secret was safe, but somehow Christmas morning didn’t feel the same.
My sister and I never opened our Christmas presents early again. I don’t know if it was that opening our gifts for the second time just wasn’t as much fun as the first time, or if we came too close to getting caught and didn’t want to think about what our mother would have done to us.
18．What did the author and his sister do before their mother came back
A．They bought some Christmas presents.
B．They put Christmas presents under the tree.
C．They opened Christmas presents in advance.
D．They changed Christmas presents quickly.
19．How did the author feel when his mother was coming
A．Grateful and moved. B．Cheerful and excited.
C．Curious and surprised. D．Nervous and frightened.
20．Why did that Christmas morning give the author a different feeling
A．His secret was found out. B．His request wasn’t satisfied.
C．A pleasant surprise was lost. D．A festival atmosphere was everywhere.
21．What can we infer about the author from the last paragraph
A．He didn’t like the headphones. B．He regretted what he had done.
C．He wasn’t pleased with his mother. D．He couldn’t find his Christmas present.
There seems to be a lot of talk these days about what is fair, and what is not. Most people tend to believe life should be fair. Some of the 99% seem to believe life has somehow treated them unfairly, and some of the 1% feel life hasn’t treated them fairly enough. My questions are these: What is fairness Is life fair Should life be fair
We clearly have no choice about how we come into this world. We have little choice early in life. But as we grow older, choices abound. I have long believed that while we have no control over the beginning of our life, the majority of us have the ability to influence the outcomes we attain. Fairness is a state of mind, and most often, an unhealthy state of mind. Our state in life cannot, or at least should not, be blamed on our parents, our teachers, or our society—it’s largely based on the choices we make, and the attitudes we adopt.
Life is full of examples of the uneducated, the mentally and physically challenged people born into war-torn areas, who could have complained about life being unfair, but who instead chose a different path. Regardless of the challenges they faced, they had the character to choose contribution over complaint.
I agree that challenges exist. I agree that many have an uphill battle due to the severity of the challenges they face. What I disagree with is the attempt to use fairness to solve all problems in the world. Rules and orders don’t create fairness, but people’s desire and determination can work around most life challenges.
It doesn’t matter whether you are born with a silver spoon, plastic spoon, or no spoon at all. A friend of mine came to this country from Africa in his late teens, barely spoke the language, drove a cab while working his way through college, and is now the president of a technology services firm. Stories such as this are all around us-they are not miracles, nor are they the rare exception. They do, however, demonstrate blindness to the mindset of the fairness.
22．What does the underlined word “abound” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Change fully. B．Remain the same.
C．Exist in numbers. D．Disappear completely.
23．What opinion does the writer agree with
A．Most of us can influence the results we achieve.
B．Our background determines our choices.
C．People’s desire and determination create unfairness.
D．We should depend on fairness to solve all problems.
24．What is the primary purpose of the text
A．To promote efforts over complaint.
B．To stress the importance of fairness.
C．To share an inspiring story of a friend.
D．To prove that fairness is a state of mind.
25．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Fairness Is Justice B．Life Is Not Fair—Deal With It
C．Fairness Comes First D．Fairness Creates Chances
The Best Books of 2020
On Monday, the American Library Association announced the top children’s books of 2020. Here are the winners.
Devotion
Author Clare Vanderpool took home the John Newbery Medal for outstanding contribution to children’s literature for Moon over Manifest. The book is about a young girl’s magical adventures in a small Kansas town, in 1936.
Vanderpool said that she was shocked to learn that she had won. “You grow up reading legendary authors like Madeleine L’Engle, but I never expected to be put in a category with her,” Vanderpool told TFK. “It’s fabulous.”
Picture This
The picture book A Sick Day for Amos McGee won the Randolph Caldecott Medal. The book was illustrated by Erin E. Stead and written by her husband, Philip C．Stead. It tells the story of an elderly zookeeper and the animals that visit him when he’s not well enough to go to work.
“I love drawing animals and I love drawing people and I love drawing the emotional connection between animals and people,” said Stead.
More Honored Books
The Coretta Scott King award, given to an African-American author and illustrator of “outstanding books for children and young adults,” went to Rita Williams-Garcia for One Crazy Summer. Set in 1968, the novel follows three sisters from Brooklyn, New York, who visit their mother, a poet who ran away years ago and lives in California.
The king prize for best-illustrated work went to Dave the Potter: Artist, Poet, Slave. The book, which was written by Laban Carrick Hill and illustrated by Bryan Collier, tells the story of a skilled potter who engraved his poems on the clay pots and jars that he made. The enslaved potter, known only as Dave, lived in South Carolina in the 1800s.
26．How did Vanderpool feel when she heard the news that she won the medal
A．Astonished. B．Disappointed. C．Embarrassed. D．Depressed.
27．Who illustrated the book Dave the Potter: Artist, Poet, Slave
A．Bryan Collier. B．Erin E. Stead. C．Laban Carrick Hill. D．Madeleine L’Engle.
28．What can we infer from the passage
A．The book Moon over Manifest tells a story of a zookeeper and his animals.
B．A Sick Day for Amos McGee shows us that animals can interact with humans.
C．The book A Sick Day for Amos McGee is written by Erin, a famous woman writer.
D．One Crazy Summer is about a mother with her three children having a holiday in California.
In the recently opened Our Broken Planet exhibition in London’s Natural History Museum, a small piece of dark material covered with faint holes is on show in a display container. The nodule(小块) could easily be mistaken for coal, but its true nature is much more interesting.
The nodule is a combination of metals and oceanographers have discovered trillions of them on Earth’s ocean floors. Each is rich in some of the most important elements for making the electric cars, wind turbines and solar panels that we need to replace the carbon-emitting motors, power plants and factories now damaging our climate.
These nodules could therefore help humanity save itself from the ill effects of global warming, argue mining companies who say their exploitation should be rated an international priority. By mining up chunks(块) from the deep we can slow the burning of our planet’s surface.
“We desperately need substantial amounts of metals contained by these nodules to build electric cars and power plants,” says Hans Smit, chief executive of Florida’s Oceans Minerals, which has announced plans to mine for nodules. “We cannot increase land supplies of these metals without having a significant environmental impact. It’s our only alternative. ”
Other researchers disagree, however. They say mining deep-sea nodules would be disastrous for our already stressed, plastic-ridden, overheated oceans. Delicate, long-living residents of the deep — shells, fish, corals and squids — would be erased by mining. At the same time, mud with poisonous metals would be sent upwards to disturb marine food-chains.
“It is hard to imagine how seabed mines could workably operate without destroying the ocean species,” says UK marine biologist Helen Scales, a view shared by David Attenborough, who has called for a pause on all deep-sea mining plans. “In this case it means the destruction of an ecosystem, an issue worth the best attention from every entity(实体) involved. ”he says.
For better or worse, these mineral nodules are going to play a critical role in determining our future — either by releasing us from our current ecological headaches or by stimulating even more fatal outcomes.
29．Which of the following best describes the nodule on display
A．An interesting artificial artwork. B．A difficult-to-tell chunk of coal.
C．An oceanic piece rich in metals. D．A container for electric materials.
30．What do the underlined words “our only alternative” in the paragraph 4 refer to
A．New technology for power plants. B．Massive production of electric cars.
C．Land exploitation for more minerals. D．Underwater mining for specific metals.
31．What is David’s major concern for deep-sea nodule exploitation
A．The disorderly movements of ocean species.
B．The disturbance of ecological balance at sea.
C．The operational workability for seabed mining.
D．The uneven distribution of profits among entities.
32．Why do the mineral nodules play a critical role in determining our future
A．They can be used both for good and for bad.
B．Their exploitation can bring opposing effects.
C．They contain beneficial and harmful elements.
D．Their exploiters cannot reach agreement till now.
When I was 9 and walking on the road, the people of my village frowned at me, a young girl in a school uniform. They asked Dad, “Why waste your money like this ” Dad said nothing and told me to walk ahead. Education was very important to him. He would sit us down and paint a picture with colors of the future he saw for us in every letter we wrote, in every math problem we solved.
However, today as I sit at my wedding, there are still plenty of colors all over the room: red on my nails, gold necklaces around my neck, and white roses lying in the center. Women in pink from all over the village sit in a circle playing the hand-drum. My uncle spared no expense when it came to decorations, jewelry and clothing — which was ironic(讽刺的), because obviously, he had no other financial option but to marry off his 15-year-old niece who was declared his responsibility after the tragic death of his sister and brother-in-law. But it was a matter of izzat he said, not wanting to cheaper himself.
Izzat, what a funny word. It was so delicately placed on the shoulders of every woman in this society, getting heavier as she grows older yet somehow weaker — the tiniest wind can tear it to pieces. Izzat. Maybe one day I’ll live in a village where izzat is torn up through marrying a girl twenty-three years younger than you, and by selling off your only daughter because there was no other solution for your poor family.
Maybe one day, I’ll live in a world where the birth of a girl isn’t followed by a sigh or a ‘Never mind. Next time. ‘On that day, we’ll hand over crayons to our young girls, and watch them color our world; we’ll tell them: deepen the blue of the sky by flying planes through them, paint the grass greener with every football match you play and leave traces of silver from the surgical knife in your hand — take any other color you need and draw rainbows upon rainbows until they’re enough to build a bridge to your dreams. One day, for sure.
33．Why did people frown at the author
A．They disliked her school uniform.
B．They treated girls’ education lightly.
C．They thought she was too young for school.
D．They wondered why her dad was speechless.
34．What does the underlined word “izzat” mean in paragraph 2
A．Honor. B．Ambition. C．Fortune. D．Knowledge.
35．What can be inferred about the girls from paragraph 3
A．They are considered as the future of society.
B．They are supposed to be gifted in all walks of life.
C．They are regarded as tradable goods for the family.
D．They are thought to be responsible for their marriage.
36．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Color the Girls’Future B．Live Up to Family Izzat
C．Marry Your Mr. Right D．Be Father’s Daughter
参考答案：
1．C
2．D
3．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章为了吸引志愿者，主要介绍了一些志愿者活动时间安排和志愿者活动类型。
1．细节理解题。根据Volunteer Day Schedule部分中“8:30 a.m.: Board the bus to your activity site.（早上8:30:乘车前往活动地点）”可知，志愿者早上8:30出发去活动地点。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Lovely Friends is an organization that visits local animal shelters and provides volunteers to spend time with the animals while their cages are being cleaned.（Lovely Friends是一个组织，它访问当地的动物收容所，并在动物的笼子被清洁时，提供志愿者和动物在一起）”可知Lovely Friends的志愿者会花时间与动物在一起。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段中“What better way is there to enjoy your own hobbies while helping others at the same time Come to Volunteer Day and choose an activity you’d like to join for the day.（有什么更好的方法可以在帮助他人的同时享受自己的爱好？来到志愿者日，选择一个你想参加的活动）”可知，这篇文章的目的是吸引志愿者。故选A。
4．D
5．B
6．C
7．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。英国伦敦的一家慈善机构创办了一个让养老院的老人养鸡的项目，以便减少老人的孤独感，收到很好的效果，这个项目非常受老年人的欢迎。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The project was dreamed up by a local charity(慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve old people’s wellbeing.(该项目是由当地一家慈善机构设想的，目的是减少孤独，提高老年人的幸福)”可知，这个项目是为了提高老年人的幸福。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段中“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.(有不同的关注点是件好事。人们带着他们的孩子来看母鸡，居民们坐在外面看它们。我很享受这些创造性的活动，做了一些有用的事情感觉很棒)”可推知，Ruth Xavier养鸡使她有不同的关注点，她很喜欢这种有创意的活动，做些有用的事让她感觉很好，由此可以推断出她从养鸡这个活动中获得了成就感。故选B。
6．词句猜测题。根据第五段“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.(居民们非常欢迎这个项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待着这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣)”以及划线处前的“one of the first (第一批人之一)”可知Wendy Wilson是最先开始实施这个项目的人之一，embark on意为“开始”。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.(居民们非常欢迎这个项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待着这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣)”以及最后一段“Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: ‘We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.’(Notting Hill Pathways的负责人Lynn Lewis说：‘我们很高兴能参与这个项目。它将通过共同的兴趣和创造性活动帮助我们的居民联系起来。’)”可知，该项目很受欢迎。故选A。
8．C
9．D
10．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多的优势，但是之前受过伤的人，要想从事这样运动要谨慎，最好咨询专家的建议。
8．细节理解题。由第二段中的“But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing (摆动) and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times. (但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在腿部摆动的大部分时间保持笔直，一只脚始终与地面接触)”可知，竞走运动员是需要具备某些条件的运动员，是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选C项。
9．细节理解题。由最后一段中的“As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. (因此，她说，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步膝，在竞走者中并不常见)”可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。由最后一段Dr. Norberg说的话中的“In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult (咨询) a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. (她说，事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走者，以学习正确的技术)”可知，Dr. Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选A项。
11．D
12．C
13．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对夫妇，因为自己的职业特点每年都有不少的假期，而他们假期出去旅游时，为了节约开支采用和旅游目的地的人们交换房子，自己只需支付交通费用。他们非常喜欢这种方式，给他们留下了很多美好的回忆。
11．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Sharon Holland and her husband, Jer, are travelling around the world and saving money at the same time — by swapping(交换) houses with strangers to keep the bills low.(Sharon Holland和她的丈夫Jer正在世界各地旅行，同时通过与陌生人交换房子来节省开支) ”可知，这对夫妇通过与陌生人交换房子来减少他们的旅行费用。故选D。
12．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Sharon, from Cork, Ireland, has exchanged her home with a stranger 40 times in the last 13 years and says she’s never looked back.(Sharon来自爱尔兰科克，在过去的13年里，她和一个陌生人交换了40次房子，她说她从来没有后悔) ”及Sharon所说的话“I couldn’t imagine travelling any other way now. Swapping our Irish Georgian farmhouse for another house abroad is amazing.(我现在无法想象以其他方式旅行。把我们的爱尔兰乔治亚农舍换成国外的另一栋房子真是太棒了)”可推知，Sharon喜欢这种交换房子的旅游方式。故选C。
13．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中的“Sharon Holland and her husband, Jer, are travelling around the world and saving money at the same time — by swapping(交换) houses with strangers to keep the bills low.(Sharon Holland和她的丈夫Jer正在世界各地旅行，同时通过与陌生人交换房子来节省开支) ”可知，这篇文章主要讲述了一对夫妇的特殊旅行方式。故选B。
14．C
15．D
16．A
17．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是讲为什么高中生应该接受体育教育。
14．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.(教导青少年健康生活方式的重要性，现在就制定健身计划，可以帮助青少年在成年后把锻炼放在首位)”可知，体育教育在高中的作用是让青少年日后重视锻炼。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school.(做运动可以帮助他们更好地应对压力，帮他们读过更开心的校园生活)”可知，做运动可以帮助学生在学校过得更开心。故选D。
16．词义猜测题。根据第五段中“An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems.(积极的生活方式是预防这些健康问题的好方法) ”可知，此处是指改变生活方式可以预防疾病，所以hindered意为“预防”。故选A。
17．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段最后两句“But should high school students have physical education The answer is certainly ‘yes’.(但是高中生应该上体育课吗？答案当然是肯定的)”可知，文章主要是讲为什么高中生应该接受体育教育。故选D。
18．C
19．D
20．C
21．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。出于好奇心，作者和姐姐在圣诞节前夕趁母亲不在时偷偷提前打开了圣诞礼物。可是，当圣诞节清晨打开礼物的那一刻来临时，作者却体会到一种失落感。
18．细节理解题。由第一段“It was Christmas Eve when my elder sister and decided to open our presents before our mom got home from work. She usually came home about an hour after we got home from school, which we thought was plenty of time to take a peek at the gifts under the tree. (那是圣诞节前夕，我的姐姐和我决定在妈妈下班回家之前打开我们的礼物。她通常在我们放学回家后一个小时左右回家，我们认为这是足够的时间来偷看树下的礼物)”和第三段中的“After unwrapping a few presents, I found it faster to open one end of a present and peek inside. (打开几件礼物后，我发现打开礼物的一端并偷看里面会更快)”可知，出于好奇心，作者和姐姐在圣诞节前夕趁母亲不在时偷偷提前打开了圣诞礼物。故选C项。
19．推理判断题。由第四段中的“I put the headphones back hurriedly in the box but my hands were shaking. My heart pounded harder as I tried to get the tape to stick. (我急忙把耳机放回盒子里，但我的手在发抖。当我试图让胶带粘住时，我的心跳得更厉害了)”可知，听到母亲马上要回来，作者双手发抖、心跳加快。由此可推知，作者既紧张又害怕。故选D项。
20．推理判断题。由倒数第二段“On Christmas morning, my sister and I smiled and gave award-winning performances when we opened our presents — again. “Headphones!” I shouted. “Thanks, it’s just what I wanted.” After everything had been opened, my sister and I looked at each other, and our eyes met. Our secret was safe, but somehow Christmas morning didn’t feel the same. (在圣诞节的早晨，我和姐姐微笑着并用获奖般的演技再次打开礼物。“耳机！”我喊道。“谢谢，这正是我想要的。”一切都打开后，我和姐姐看着彼此，目光相遇。我们的秘密是安全的，但不知为何，圣诞节的早晨感觉不一样)”可推知，圣诞节清晨作者打开礼物后假装激动和兴奋，其实那份惊喜是不存在的，可得出那个圣诞节的早晨给了作者一种不同的感觉是因为失去了一个惊喜。故选C项。
21．推理判断题。由最后一段“My sister and I never opened our Christmas presents early again. I don’t know if it was that opening our gifts for the second time just wasn’t as much fun as the first time, or if we came too close to getting caught and didn’t want to think about what our mother would have done to us. (我和姐姐再也没有早早打开过圣诞礼物。我不知道是因为第二次打开我们的礼物没有第一次那么有趣，还是因为我们离被抓住太近了，不想去想妈妈会对我们做什么)”可知，作者和姐姐从此以后再也没有提前打开过圣诞礼物，作者分析可能的原因是第二次打开礼物不再有真正的惊喜和兴奋感。由此判断他对自己之前提前打开礼物的做法是感到后悔的。故选B项。
22．C
23．A
24．A
25．B
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者讨论了公平问题，阐述了人生没有绝对的公平，但要勇敢面对不公平的道理。
22．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“We have little choice early in life. (我们在人生的初期几乎没有选择。)”说明人生的初期没有选择，相对而言，人生的后期就有了选择，从而推知划线词句“But as we grow older, choices abound. (但随着年龄的增长，我们的选择abound)”其中划线词汇应为“有了（选择），有更多（的选择）”的意思，选项C“大量存在”与之意义最为接近。故选C项。
23．推理判断题。根据第二段中“I have long believed that while we have no control over the beginning of our life, the majority of us have the ability to influence the outcomes we attain. (我一直相信，虽然我们无法控制生命的开始，但我们大多数人都有能力影响我们所取得的结果。)”可知，作者认为我们大多数人都能影响我们所取得的结果。故选A项。
24．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段中“Regardless of the challenges they faced, they had the character to choose contribution over complaint. (不管他们面临的挑战是什么，他们都有选择贡献而不是抱怨的品格。)”可知，文章的主要目的是要告诉人们要努力进取而不是抱怨。故选A项。
25．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“It doesn’t matter whether you are born with a silver spoon, plastic spoon, or no spoon at all. (无论你是含着银汤匙，塑料汤匙，还是根本没有汤匙出生的都没关系。)”以及“Stories such as this are all around us-they are not miracles, nor are they the rare exception. They do, however, demonstrate blindness to the mindset of the fairness. (这样的故事在我们身边随处可见——它们不是奇迹，也不是罕见的例外。然而，他们却确实证明了他们对公平思维模式的无视。)”等内容可知，本文用身边的事例阐述了人生中没有绝对的公平，但我们要勇敢面对不公平的道理。选项B符合文章主题，故选B项。
26．A
27．A
28．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了美国2020年最畅销的儿童图书。
26．细节理解题。根据Devotion中的“Vanderpool said that she was shocked to learn that she had won.”（范德普尔说，得知自己获奖时她很震惊。）由此可知，当范德普尔听到她获得奖牌的消息时，她很吃惊。故选A项。
27．细节理解题。根据More Honored Books中的“The book, which was written by Laban Carrick Hill and illustrated by Bryan Collie”（这本书由拉班·卡里克·希尔撰写，布莱恩·科利绘制插画）由此可知，布莱恩·科利为Dave the Potter. Artist, Poet, Slave绘制的插图。故选A项。
28．推理判断题。根据Picture This中的“It tells the story of an elderly zookeeper and the animals that visit him when he's not well enough to go to work.”（它讲述了一个年老的动物园管理员和动物的故事，当他身体不好不能去上班时，它们会去看望他。）由此可知，A Sick Day for Amos McGee向我们展示了动物可以与人类互动。故选B项。
29．C
30．D
31．B
32．B
【导语】本篇为说明文。主要介绍深海开采矿物结节的利弊。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The nodule is a combination of metals and oceanographers have discovered trillions of them on Earth’s ocean floors.”（这种结节是金属的结合体，海洋学家在地球的海底发现了数万亿种金属。）可知，在展出的the nodule是深海开采来的，且富含金属元素。故选C项。
30．词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“By mining up chunks from the deep we can slow the burning of our planet’s surface.”（通过从深处开采大块矿物，我们可以减缓地球表面的燃烧。）以及第四段中““We desperately need substantial amounts of metals contained by these nodules to build electric cars and power plants,” says Hans Smit, chief executive of Florida’s Oceans Minerals, which has announced plans to mine for nodules. “We cannot increase land supplies of these metals without having a significant environmental impact.”（“我们迫切需要这些结节中含有的大量金属来建造电动汽车和发电厂，”佛罗里达州海洋矿产公司(Oceans Minerals)首席执行官汉斯 斯密特(Hans Smit)表示。该公司已宣布开采结节的计划。“我们不可能在不对环境造成重大影响的情况下增加这些金属的土地供应。）可知，第四段陈述的是支持深海开采的Hans Smit的观点，故可猜测，第4段中划线的“our only alternative”（我们唯一的选择）指的是特定金属的水下开采。故选D项。
31．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中“In this case it means the destruction of an ecosystem, an issue worth the best attention from every entity involved.”（在这种情况下，它意味着生态系统的破坏，这是一个值得每一个相关实体高度关注的问题。）故可推断出，David最担心深海开采会破坏生态系统，打破它的平衡。故选B项。
32．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“either by releasing us from our current ecological headaches or by stimulating even more fatal outcomes”（要么把我们从目前令人头痛的生态问题中解脱出来，要么引发更致命的后果。）可知，矿物结节在决定我们的未来方面起着至关重要的作用是因为它们的开发可能会带来相反的效果。故选B项。
33．B
34．A
35．C
36．A
【导语】本篇为记叙文。主要讲的是贫困地区的女性接受教育的权利。
33．细节理解题。根据第一段中“When I was 9 and walking on the road, the people of my village frowned at me, a young girl in a school uniform. They asked Dad, “Why waste your money like this ””（岁的时候，我走在路上，村里的人都对我这个穿校服的小女孩皱起了眉头。他们问爸爸:“为什么这样浪费你的钱？”）可知，村民认为女性受教育是浪费钱的行为，他们轻视女孩的教育，所以看到我穿校服才会皱眉。故选B项。
34．词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句中“not wanting to cheaper himself.”（他不想降低自己的身价。）以及第三段中“It was so delicately placed on the shoulders of every woman in this society, getting heavier as she grows older yet somehow weaker — the tiniest wind can tear it to pieces.”（它被巧妙地放在这个社会中每个女人的肩膀上，随着年龄的增长，它变得越来越重，但不知何故，它变得越来越弱——最轻微的风都能把它撕成碎片。）可知，我的叔叔不想让自己有失身份，认为我的出嫁事关家族荣誉，故可猜测izzat为“荣誉”的意思，结合选项A项Honor“荣誉”，意思一致。故选A项。
35．推理判断题。从第三段最后一句“…and by selling off your only daughter because there was no other solution for your poor family”（卖掉了你唯一的女儿，因为你可怜的家庭没有其他解决办法。）可知，从第三段可以推断出女孩们被视为家庭的可交易商品。故选C项。
36．主旨大意题。全文多次提及color, 颜色，讲述女孩父亲希望自己的孩子生活多彩，但我的现实生活充满了残酷的色彩，文章最后提出总有一天，女性能担任多彩的职业、抒写多彩的生活，可知，“Color the Girls’ Future”（为女孩的未来涂色）更贴合全文主旨。故选A项。阅读理解
Maths anxiety may be causing a national crisis, Cambridge University researchers have said, as they find that one in ten children suffer from anxiety at the subject.
Researchers surveyed 1,700 British pupils aged 8 to 13 about their feelings towards the subject. They found 10% of children suffered from maths anxiety. Other feelings caused by maths included fear and anger, while physical symptoms included a racing heart or struggling to catch breath.
“The project studied students’ attitudes towards maths because of what could be called a maths crisis in the UK,” researchers said. “Many children and adults experience feelings of anxiety, fear or discomfort when they face maths. This may be leading to a low level of maths in the country.” The number of adults with functional maths skills equal to a GCSE (英国普通中等教育证书) grade C has dropped from 26% in 2003 to only 22% in 2011, according to the survey. At the same time, only 57% of the children achieved the same level in functional maths skills.
Dr. Denes Szucs, a professor at Cambridge’s Centre for Neuroscience (神经科学) in Education said that there is a misunderstanding that only low performing children suffer from maths anxiety. “This is a common misunderstanding that we have seen in decision makers,” he said. “They assume people are anxious about maths because they are poor achievers.” In fact, more than 77% of children with high levels of maths anxiety are normal to high achievers. Dr Szucs went on, “Probably their maths anxiety will go unnoticed because their performance is good. But they are very worried and in the long term their performance is limited. This is a real danger here: these are children who are completely able to do maths at a normal level, but may keep away from it because they feel anxious.” The research also found that girls have higher levels of maths anxiety than boys.
John’s Hillman, director of education at the Nuffield Foundation said, “Mathematical achievement is valuable, as a foundation for many other subjects and as an important predictor of future academic learning, job hunting and even health. Maths anxiety can seriously influence students’ performance in both primary and secondary schools.”
1．What can we learn from the survey conducted by the Cambridge University researchers
A．High performing children are safe from maths anxiety.
B．Adults suffer lower levels of maths anxiety than children.
C．Children with maths anxiety suffers both physically and mentally.
D．Girls’ bad performance leads to their high levels of maths anxiety.
2．Why did the researchers study students’ attitudes towards maths
A．They want to help improve students’ academic performance.
B．Maths anxiety may cause great damage to children’s development.
C．They intend to correct people’s misunderstanding on maths anxiety.
D．The maths anxiety shared by people of all ages caused a national crisis.
3．How does the author prove there may be a national maths crisis in the UK in paragraph 3
A．Presenting data. B．Listing reasons.
C．Giving definition. D．Providing examples.
4．In paragraph 4, Dr. Denes Szucs found that ________ .
A．boys suffered a higher level of maths anxiety than girls
B．maths anxiety of low performing children goes unnoticed
C．some of the high achievers also suffered from math anxiety
D．poor achievers might have physical problem in the long term
5．Which of the questions could probably be answered in the paragraph that follows
A．What should be done to improve students’ performance in maths
B．What can be done to make children comfortable with maths
C．How does maths anxiety influence people’s health
D．How can children acquire functional skills
It was 1st January, the first day of the year and a holiday for me. I went to the bank to get the bank work out of the way. The bank clerk nodded and I sat in front of him. He was busy filling up entries in his register.
I put my form and booklet in front of him. After waiting for a few more minutes, in which I showed all signs of being impatient, I asked him if my work was done. He shouted, “Nothing is done, and it will take time!”
Just then I saw his morning cup of tea, which had been lying there for the last ten minutes, untouched. The tea had turned almost cold while he was doing his work. Suddenly I felt what this man must be feeling when customers like me come always in a hurry to get their work done. We do not even feel the need to thank them for being there.
So, I told him, “Sir, you please have your tea. I am not in a hurry.” This man suddenly looked up at me and for the first time we had eye contact. I saw a different person there, who was as hard-pressed for time as I always am.
I saw both of us sailing in the same boat. I felt that he was also missing the small things in life like a hot cup of tea or lying in a warm bed for a few more minutes like me. He gave me a rare smile and said, “It is an everyday affair with me; you are not in a hurry but somebody else will be.”
He really touched my heart with his wise words. I felt that all this time I thought of him as a someone who was there for my convenience, but today I suddenly felt a strange communion with him. I vowed to be friendly with people who help me with my work and be thankful that they are there for me.
6．Which of the following is NOT true of the writer
A．He works in the bank as a clerk, too. B．He went to the bank to do some business.
C．He was touched by the untouched cup of tea. D．He got annoyed after waiting a few minutes.
7．What can we learn about the bank clerk
A．He hated to work on a holiday. B．He was under great work pressure.
C．He didn’t like his work in the bank. D．He communicated well with his customers.
8．What can you learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5
A．He was sometimes in the similar situation. B．They once sailed in the same boat.
C．They expected to sail in the same boat. D．He’s too busy to sail in a boat, too.
9．The writer’s attitude towards the bank clerk might be that of ______ .
A．tolerance B．satisfaction C．sympathy D．gratitude
10．What does the text try to tell us
A．To be patient with your customers. B．Helping others is helping yourself.
C．To be thankful to those who help you. D．It is our duty to do things for others.
Discover World Heritage (遗产)
Heritage is treasure from the past — what we live with today and what we pass on to future generations. To preserve it, UNESCO safeguards hundreds of natural and cultural World Heritage sites around the world.
Here are 5 World Heritage sites:
Founded, according to legend, by Romulus and Remus in 753 BC, Rome was first the centre of the Roman Republic, then of the Roman Empire, and it became the capital of the Christian world in the 4th century.
Founded in 3,000 B．C．, Damascus is one of the oldest cities in the Middle East. In the Middle Ages, it was the centre of a splendid craft industry, specializing in swords. The city has some 125 monuments from different periods of its history.
Havana was founded in 1519 by the Spanish. By the 17th century, it had become one of the Caribbean’s main centres for ship-building. Although it is today a modern city, its old centre remains an interesting mix of Baroque and neoclassical (新古典主义的) monuments.
Ping Yao, founded in the 14th century, shows the evolution of architectural styles and town planning in Imperial China over five centuries. Of special interest are the splendid buildings associated with banking, for which Ping Yao was the major centre for the whole of China in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
The Rainforests of the Atsinanana are extremely important for keeping ongoing ecological processes necessary for the survival of Madagascar’s unique biodiversity (生物多样性), which reflects the island’s geological history. Having completed its separation from all other land masses more than 60 million years ago, Madagascar’s plant and animal life evolved in isolation (孤立).
11．According to the passage, Rome was ______ .A．a city only found in legend B．founded by a Roman Emperor
C．once the capital of the Christian world D．the first centre of Roman Republic
12．Which of the following was first founded
A．Rome. B．Pingyao. C．Havana. D．Damascus.
13．What can you learn from the passage
A．Havana had become a modern city by 1600.
B．Damascus was famous for its ship-building craft.
C．Pingyao was once the major centre for banking in China.
D．Madagascar has many animals from other land.
14．According to the passage, what caused Madagascar’s unique biodiversity
A．The ongoing ecological process of the island. B．The unique climate of the island.
C．The rare and threatened animals on the island. D．The geological history of the island.
15．What is the author’s purpose in writing this article
A．To introduce five natural and cultural World Heritage sites.
B．To discover more natural and cultural World Heritage sites.
C．To preserve the natural and cultural World Heritage sites.
D．To pass on to future generations the natural and cultural World Heritage sites.
A new year brings a new calendar of exhibitions and there are so many fantastic shows to get stuck into. Make seeing more art your new year’s resolution and start filling your diary with these unmissable exhibitions.
Calligraphic Awards
Lanting Xu, written by calligrapher Wang Xizhi in the mid-4th century, is considered one of the greatest pieces of Chinese calligraphy. It thereafter inspired the China Calligraphers Association to launch the China Calligraphy Lanting Awards, the country’s top awards for the creation of calligraphy. An exhibition now at the National Art Museum of China shows such handwritten pieces by 19 artists who have received Lanting's lifetime achievement awards. The exhibition runs until April 27.
9:00 am-5:00 pm, closed on Mondays.
Refocusing on the Medium
Works by 17 trailblazers (先锋) in experimental video art from China, Japan and South Korea are being shown at Refocusing on the Medium: The Rise of East Asia Video Art, a survey exhibition at the Minsheng Art Museum. It is an unprecedented art exploration — how video is reshaping artistic creation since the 1960s. It takes viewers to the past and the frontiers of video art. The exhibition ends on May 8.
10:00 am-5:00 pm, closed on Wednesdays.
Rebuilding Ideals
Yin Zhaoyang is a leading artist of his generation. He has developed a highly personalized approach to landscape painting, exploring the relations between individuals and society, history and the present. Rebuilding Ideals, an exhibition at the Tang Contemporary Art Museum, reviews Yin’s creation and methods of thinking over more than 20 years. The exhibition runs until May 5.
10:00 am-5:00 pm, closed on Fridays.
Reverse Reconstruction
Contemporary artist Yang Mushi is showing installations (设备) made between 2019 and 2022 at his fourth solo exhibition, Reverse Reconstruction, at Galerie Urs Meile. It shows Yang's continuous exploration of the presentations of materials, such as stainless steel, wood and plastics. His works examine the meanings of handwork and mass production that have reshaped people’s way of life. The exhibition runs until May 15.
11:00 am-6:30 pm, closed on Mondays.
16．What is the author’s writing purpose of the passage
A．To stress the importance of keeping an art diary.
B．To recommend several must-see art exhibitions.
C．To discuss why people should go to exhibitions.
D．To encourage readers to make new year’s resolution.
17．If you want to see Calligraphic Awards, you should try to avoid _________.
A．10:30 am on Sunday
B．11:00 am on Wednesday
C．2:30 pm on Monday
D．4:00 pm on Friday
18．Which of the following is True about Refocusing on the Medium
A．The exhibition will be in progress until May 8.
B．The exhibition is available throughout the week.
C．The exhibition merely features works by Chinese artists.
D．The exhibition has reshaped artistic creation since 1960s.
19．Where should you go if you are interested in production history
A．Galerie Urs Meile.
B．Minsheng Art Museum.
C．National Art Museum of China.
D．Tang Contemporary Art Museum.
20．In which section of the newspaper can you most possibly read the passage
A．Business.
B．Sports.
C．Culture.
D．Nature.
Courage is a highly admired virtue. When asked to describe courage, most people conjure up (脑中浮现) the image of an individual running into a burning building, or maybe a hero saving the world. But there's another form of bravery that's much more important because it comes up more often. It's called moral courage.
Moral courage is the ability that allows us to face our fears and to conquer our darkest fears. It’s the ability to face the future without knowing what is certain. It’s the ability to stand tall and confront those who oppose us, those who prevent us from realizing who we are and what we are. But most importantly, it’s the ability to stand up for what’s right, even though there are risks that stand in your way. Sara Anderson once said that "It takes great courage to faithfully follow what we know to be true."
The potential of showing moral courage has the power of changing the world. It was because of the moral courage that Mahatma Gandhi was able to make India free from British rule. He fought bravely against them without the use of any weapon by presenting great moral courage. In this way, he also became a great example for the people of the whole world. It is not that we remember Gandhi because of his body or beauty. We remember him because of the great ideas and principles of his life.
Moral courage is essential not only for a noble life, but a happy one. Without moral courage, we have no control over our lives. Our fears destroy our spirit and make us trapped in depression. Mark Twain said, “Courage is not the absence of fear but the resistance of fear, the mastery of fear.” If our fears cause us to lose confidence in the power of virtue, we will lose something very precious.
People with moral courage rarely get medals, but it is the best marker of true character and a virtue others can be proud of. We must try to develop the power of moral courage that will surely help in ending injustice and wrong and grant us a better world.
21．What is the main function of Paragraph 1
A．To make a comparison.
B．To propose a definition.
C．To introduce the subject.
D．To provide the background.
22．In the author’s view, moral courage is not _________.
A．the willingness to face and conquer fears
B．the capacity to stick to what is right
C．the ability to confront opponents
D．the desire to control whoever opposes you
23．What does the example of Mahatma Gandhi tell us
A．Moral courage can make a difference to the world.
B．Moral courage makes people faithfully follow the truth.
C．Moral courage is essential for leading a happy life.
D．Moral courage restricts great ideas and principles.
24．What can be inferred from Mark Twain’s words
A．Courage is being brave without any fear.
B．Courage is a spirit to overcome the fear.
C．Having a fear can limit our future lives.
D．Fear can stop us from achieving our goals.
25．What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph
A．To end injustice and wrong.
B．To pursue excellent virtues.
C．To strengthen moral courage.
D．To create a better world.
For Mao Zhongwu, who was paralyzed (瘫痪) from the waist down in an accidental fall 16 years ago, sports have opened up a new world. The 37-year-old cross-country “sit-skier” collected one gold and two silver medals at the Beijing Winter Paralympic Games — in men’s middle-distance, men’s sprint (短距离) and men’s long distance, respectively. “It was sports that made me come out of the lowest point in my life and changed me physically, mentally and spiritually,” Mao said.
Born and raised in Dalian, Liaoning province, Mao has been fond of sports since childhood. The accident changed everything. Paralysis ended his functional independence. He had to live under his mother’s care. For a long time, he felt ashamed and was unwilling to go out. In 2017, persuaded by his mother, he started to learn table tennis. Ten days later, he took part in a citywide competition and performed well.
Fan Yi, a coach from the sports department of Dalian’s service center for the disabled, picked Mao and brought him to the wheelchair racing team. Fan recalled that in the beginning Mao didn’t dare to talk with other people. But he gradually became cheerful and confident in training. Three years ago, Mao shifted to train for cross-country skiing. “As an older athlete, he recovers slowly. He persevered through willpower,” Fan said.
Mao said that when he decided to be a professional athlete, he told himself there was no turning back. “I have experienced the bitterness of life, and I know this is a rare opportunity that I must seize,” he said. Everyone’s body has its limits. When he was suffering through the period of tiredness caused by overtraining, he thought he was too old to compete in the Olympics. “But I never gave up. With the support of my team, I stepped toward my goals one by one,” he said. “Although I’m not young now, I will keep training and eye on more gold medals as long as I can.”
26．What can be inferred about Mao Zhongwu from the passage
A．He was paralyzed at the age of 16.
B．He won the gold medal in men’s sprint.
C．He was grateful for the accident.
D．He found new life in sports after the accident.
27．Why did Mao Zhongwu resist going out according to Paragraph 2
A．Because he felt embarrassed by his disability.
B．Because he preferred doing sports indoors.
C．Because he couldn’t go out without any assistance.
D．Because he suffered from depression and anxiety.
28．According to Fan Yi, the biggest challenge for Mao Zhongwu was _________.
A．his age
B．his poor mental state
C．the lack of confidence
D．the bitterness of his life
29．Which of the following can best describe Mao Zhongwu
A．Adventurous and creative.
B．Passionate and sympathetic.
C．Determined and persistent.
D．Intelligent and communicative.
30．What does the author mainly want to tell us in the passage
A．All good things come to an end.
B．Every man is the master of his fate.
C．One shouldn’t miss forest for the trees.
D．One man’s junk is another man’s treasure.
People who grow up outside of cities are better at finding their way around than urbanites, a large study on navigation suggests. The results, described online on March 30 in Nature, hint that learning to handle environmental complexity as a child strengthens mental muscles for spatial skills.
Nearly 400,000 people from 38 countries around the world played a video game called Sea Hero Quest, designed by scientists and game developers as a fun way to collect data about people’s brains. Players piloted a boat in search of various targets.
On average, people who said they had grown up outside of cities, where they would have probably encountered lots of complicated paths, were better at finding the targets than people who were raised in cities.
What’s more, the difference between city residents and outsiders was most obvious in countries where cities tend to have simple layouts (布局), such as Chicago with its streets laid out at 90-degree angles. The simpler the cities, the bigger the advantage for people from more rural areas, cognitive scientist Antoine Coutrot of CNRS and his colleagues report.
Still, from these video game data, scientists can’t definitively say that the childhood environment is behind the differences in navigation. But it’s possible. “As a kid, if you are exposed to a complex environment, you learn to find your way, and you develop the right cognitive processes to do so,” Coutrot says.
Other factors have been linked to navigational performance, including age, gender, education and even a superior sense of smell. Figuring out these details will give doctors a more precise baseline (基准) of a person’s navigational abilities. That, in turn, might help reveal when these skills weaken, as they do in early Alzheimer’s disease, for instance.
31．What does the underlined word “urbanites” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．Those who live close to urban areas.
B．Those who are from rural areas.
C．Those who are raised in cities.
D．Those who long for urban life.
32．How did the researchers carry out the study
A．By playing a game called Sea Hero Quest.
B．By gathering data from the video game.
C．By recording electrical activities in brains.
D．By comparing various targets of the game.
33．What can we learn from Paragraph 3 and 4
A．City outsiders performed no better than city residents in the study.
B．Cities’ simple layouts gave city residents an advantage in the game.
C．There was no significant difference between city residents and outsiders.
D．The players’ performance had something to do with their earlier experience.
34．Which of the following may Coutrot agree with
A．Childhood surroundings might affect people’s navigational abilities.
B．Gender and education are key to developing navigational abilities.
C．A superior sense of smell bears no relation to navigational abilities.
D．The study of navigational abilities can help cure Alzheimer’s disease.
35．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．How environment impacts early childhood development
B．Why is early childhood education important for our future
C．When is the best time to obtain your navigational skills
D．Where you grew up may shape your navigational skills
Tired of underpaid jobs and inconvenient hours, three entrepreneurial (富于企业家精神的) McLean teens decided to start their own company.
Their new company, TeenServ aims to solve teenage unemployment with a platform that matches students and community members who need short-term assistance with various tasks Through TeenServ, residents sign up to post jobs they need done. Teens signed up to work can choose to accept a job depending on their schedules and work preferences. Website users can pick up shifts wherever and whenever they want, making it convenient for hectic schedules.
A year ago, Jack Lannin, Quin Frew and Ben Jeannot worked as lifeguards at a local pool. Lanin told Tysons Reporter that they were upset when a pay change “almost cut their salary in half,” and they wanted to find another job but there were few options. Then they came up with the idea for TeenServ. “Aside from getting a real job, refereeing sports or yard work, there isn’t rally a good way to make money,” Lannin said, adding that even becoming a referee requires a significant sat-up cost for teens — around $70 — to pay for training and a uniform.
They started out by going door to door and asking community members if they would pay teens fair wages for short-term yard work. Soon enough,they began gathering opportunities. With help from an entrepreneurship class at McLean High School and feedback from teens, the students were able to turn their idea into a reality. So far, the website has employed more than 200 teens, according to Lannin. TeenServ pays students up to $18 per hour — well above Virginia’s minimum wage of $7.25.
The business is focused on mostly McLean for now, but TeenServ’s owners hope to expand around Fairfax County. That involves building up a base of teen workers before allowing residents to post jobs elsewhere in the county. After all, if residents need time-specific jobs done, they can’t be the ones waiting.
36．What is TeenServ’s goal
A．To increase the number of teen workers.
B．To help teens decide on their future career.
C．To encourage teens to start their own business.
D．To connect community employers to local teens.
37．What does the underlined word “hectic” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Regular. B．Flexible. C．Traditional. D．Busy.
38．What problem did the three founders come across last year
A．They failed to find a part-time job.
B．They received a significant pay cut.
C．They obtained little funding for their start-up.
D．They lost a game due to a referee’s unfair decision.
39．What do the three owners plan to do
A．Create more time-specific jobs.
B．Raise Virginia’s minimum wage.
C．Grow their business outside of McLean.
D．Allow McLean residents to post jobs elsewhere.
40．What does the text focus on
A．Three entrepreneurial McLean teens and their company TeenServ.
B．The main reasons of teenage unemployment in McLean.
C．The challenges three entrepreneurial McLean teens are facing.
D．The bright future of the platform TeenServ.
Ford has announced it has hired a pair of Boston Dynamics’ Spot robotic dogs. Ford is using the robotic dogs to help it 3D-map its Van Dyke Plant “By having the robots scan our plant, we can see what it actually looks like now and build a new engineering model. That digital model is then used when we need to change the equipment in the plant for new products,” said Mark Goderis, Ford’s digital engineering manager. The automaker named one of them Fluffy. The other is keeping its name Spot assigned to it by Boston Dynamics.
The dogs are used to capture 360-degree images of areas in the plant that are difficult to get to using a traditional 3D camera on a tripod. They’re equipped with five cameras and can climb stairs and kneel down to get into hard-to-reach places. Their four legs allow the robots to walk like a dog, around the plant at speeds of up to 3 mph — so they’re not exactly zippy. Besides, the battery lasts for only two hours.
Mark said that the old way of scanning with a camera on a tripod could take two weeks. Using the robotic dogs cuts that time in half. It also used to cost $300,000 to do it the old way. The robotic dogs are cheaper, but Ford didn’t say by how much.
At present, the metal dogs are followed by their handler, Paula Wiebelhaus, who manages the robotic dogs through a controller with a display that sees what the dogs see. But in the near future Ford wants to be able to program the dogs to go to different parts of the plant and report back what they see without being followed by a human. They can also ask for a ride on the back of a mobile robot that Ford has named Scouter. Like the dogs, it’s also capturing 3D scans of its environment.
41．What can we learn about Ford from Paragraph 1
A．It uses robotic dogs to build plants.
B．It is the main producer of robotic dogs.
C．It has named one of the two robotic dogs.
D．It will replace its engineers with robotic dogs.
42．What can the robotic dogs do
A．Go anywhere they want. B．Shoot 360-degree photos.
C．Cary at least 5 cameras. D．Keep working for two days.
43．What does the underlined word “zippy” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Quick-moving. B．Energy-saving. C．Funny-looking. D．Eye-catching.
44．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．The advantages of robotic dogs. B．Ford’s new way of saving money.
C．Mark’s interest in high technology. D．The functions of traditional cameras.
45．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Paula operates robotic dogs through voice. B．Scouter works well with the robotic dogs.
C．Ford will buy more robotic dogs soon. D．The robotic dogs need to be improved.
In the 1950s, Japan began to focus on developing is economy. Every day, many people traveled by train between Tokyo and Osaka. Many industrial materials were also transported on those railway lines. But the Japanese railway system was so outdated that the 320-mile trip could take 20 hours. So in 1955 the Japanese railway chief asked the nation’s engineers to create a faster train.
Months later, a team managed to create a train going at a speed of 65mph — a speed that made it one of the fastest passenger trains worldwide at the time. But the railway chief wasn’t satisfied. He wanted 120mph. The engineers immediately explained that at those speeds, if a train turned too sharply, the speed would force the cars off the track.
But the railway chief didn’t change his mind. After making many attempts, the engineers eventually created a train running up to 120mph and had a big influence on the industrial design worldwide. This is an example of what a “stretch goal” (延展性目标) can achieve. When exploring psychology, I was frequently told by researchers that the most successful people tend to set goals differently from everyone else. In particular they tend to identify big, seemingly unrealistic objectives.
“Stretch goals break complacency (自满),” some scientists wrote. “By forcing a big rise in collective hopes, stretch goals can shift attention to possible new futures and perhaps lead to increased energy in the organizations. They thus can achieve more.”
This lesson can be used in the most ordinary aspects of life. Take to-do lists for instance. When making to-do lists, some people often write down tasks they can cross off right away. That’s wrong. Before writing easy tasks, you should first put down at the top of your list a big stretch goal that will constantly remind you of the main objective you’re trying to get done.
46．What does the description of Japan’s problem in the 1950s show
A．The public’s discontent at its train service.
B．The unfavorable economic situation of Japan.
C．The practical need to improve its railway system.
D．The unbalanced development of its transportation.
47．How did Japanese engineers react to the railway chief’s idea at first
A．They found it tough but worthwhile.
B．They considered it totally unrealistic.
C．They put forward their own research plan.
D．They believed it would gradually come true.
48．What did the author often hear about when he was studying psychology
A．How to break down big goals into smaller ones.
B．How to understand “stretch goals” matters.
C．How to create success step by step.
D．How to set goals sets people apart.
49．The author takes the to-do lists for example to ______.
A．encourage people to keep making to-do lists daily
B．indicate we’d better first achieve easy goals
C．prove to-do lists are crucial to organizations
D．show stretch goals can apply to our daily life
50．Which of the following does the author probably agree with
A．A stretch goal can be a double-edged sword.
B．Ambition pushes personal and social progress.
C．Readers need to listen to members’ opinions.
D．Goals should fit in with the reality.
参考答案：
1．C
2．D
3．A
4．C
5．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国的数学危机，这是一种儿童和成人都对学习数学感到焦虑的社会现象。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Other feelings caused by maths included fear and anger, while physical symptoms included a racing heart or struggling to catch breath.”（数学引起的其他感觉包括恐惧和愤怒，而身体症状包括心跳加速或呼吸困难）可知，从剑桥大学研究人员的调查中，我们可以得知患有数学焦虑症的儿童在生理和心理上都会受到影响。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段关键句““The project studied students’ attitudes towards maths because of what could be called a maths crisis in the UK,” researchers said. “Many children and adults experience feelings of anxiety, fear or discomfort when they face maths. This may be leading to a low level of maths in the country.””（“该项目研究了学生对数学的态度，因为英国的数学危机，”研究人员说。“许多儿童和成人在面对数学时会感到焦虑、恐惧或不适。这可能会导致该国数学水平低下。”）可知，研究人员研究学生对数学的态度是因为各个年龄段的人都对数学感到焦虑，这引发了一场国家危机。故选D项。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“The number of adults with functional maths skills equal to a GCSE (英国普通中等教育证书) grade C has dropped from 26% in 2003 to only 22% in 2011, according to the survey. At the same time, only 57% of the children achieved the same level in functional maths skills.”（调查显示，拥有相当于英国普通中等教育证书C级实用数学技能的成年人人数从2003年的26%下降到2011年的22%。与此同时，只有57%的儿童在实用数学技能方面达到了相同的水平）可知，第三段中，作者通过展示“26%”、“22%”和“57%”等相关数据来证明英国可能存在全国性的数学危机。故选A项。
4．细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“In fact, more than 77% of children with high levels of maths anxiety are normal to high achievers.”（事实上，77%以上的数学焦虑程度高的儿童属于正常的高成就儿童）和“Probably their maths anxiety will go unnoticed because their performance is good. But they are very worried and in the long term their performance is limited.”（也许因为他们的表现很好，他们的数学焦虑会被忽视。但他们非常担心，从长远来看，他们的表现是有限的）可知，在第四段中，Denes Szucs博士发现一些成绩优异的学生也患有数学焦虑症。故选C项。
5．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“John’s Hillman, director of education at the Nuffield Foundation said, “Mathematical achievement is valuable, as a foundation for many other subjects and as an important predictor of future academic learning, job hunting and even health. Maths anxiety can seriously influence students’ performance in both primary and secondary schools.””（纳菲尔德基金会教育主管约翰·希尔曼表示：“数学成绩很有价值，它是许多其他学科的基础，也是未来学术学习、求职甚至健康的重要预测因素。数学焦虑会严重影响中小学学生的表现。”）可知，最后一段介绍了数学学习的重要性及数学焦虑会造成的不良影响，由此可知，接下来的段落可能会回答怎样才能让孩子们对学习数学感到愉快放松的问题。故选B项。
6．A
7．B
8．A
9．D
10．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去银行办事，因为等待开始不耐烦，结果突然看到银行职员的茶放了很久都没有喝。作者突然和对方感同身受，认识到应该感谢那些帮助过我们的人。
6．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I went to the bank to get the bank work out of the way.(我去银行是为了解决银行的工作)”可知，关于作者的说法中，A选项“他也在银行当职员”不正确。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据第二段中“After waiting for a few more minutes, in which I showed all signs of being impatient, I asked him if my work was done.(我又等了几分钟，在这几分钟里，我表现出了各种不耐烦的迹象。我问他我的工作是否完成了)”以及第三段中“Suddenly I felt what this man must be feeling when customers like me come always in a hurry to get their work done.(当像我这样的客户总是匆匆忙忙地来完成他们的工作时，我突然感觉到这个人是什么感觉)”可知，银行职员承受着巨大的工作压力。故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据画线词后文“I felt that he was also missing the small things in life like a hot cup of tea or lying in a warm bed for a few more minutes like me.(我觉得他也在怀念生活中的一些小事，比如一杯热茶，或者像我一样在温暖的床上多躺几分钟)”可推知，作者和银行职员有了同样的感受，说明作者有时也有类似的情况。故画线词的句子告诉我们他有时也有类似的情况。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I vowed to be friendly with people who help me with my work and be thankful that they are there for me.(我发誓要与那些帮助我工作的人友好相处，并感谢他们在我身边)”可推知，作者对银行职员的态度可能是感激之情。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I vowed to be friendly with people who help me with my work and be thankful that they are there for me.(我发誓要与那些帮助我工作的人友好相处，并感谢他们在我身边)”可推知，文章想要告诉我们要感谢那些帮助你的人。故选C。
11．C
12．D
13．C
14．D
15．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上五处世界自然和文化遗产的情况。
11．细节理解题。根据表格第一部分“Founded, according to legend, by Romulus and Remus in 753 BC, Rome was first the centre of the Roman Republic, then of the Roman Empire, and it became the capital of the Christian world in the 4th century.(据传说，罗马由罗穆卢斯和雷穆斯于公元前753年建立，首先是罗马共和国的中心，然后是罗马帝国，在4世纪成为基督教世界的首都)”可知，罗马曾经是基督教世界的首都。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据表格第一部分中“Founded, according to legend, by Romulus and Remus in 753 BC(据传说，罗马由罗穆卢斯和雷穆斯于公元前753年建立)”；表格第二部分中“Founded in 3,000 B. C. , Damascus is one of the oldest cities in the Middle East.(大马士革建于公元前3000年，是中东最古老的城市之一)”；第三部分中“Havana was founded in 1519 by the Spanish.(哈瓦那于1519年由西班牙人建立)”；第四段部分中“Ping Yao, founded in the 14th century(平遥，始建于14世纪)”可知，大马士革是最早建立的。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第四部分中“Of special interest are the splendid buildings associated with banking, for which Ping Yao was the major centre for the whole of China in the 19th and early 20th centuries.(尤其令人感兴趣的是与银行业有关的壮观建筑，在19世纪和20世纪初，平遥曾是整个中国银行业的主要中心)”可知，平遥曾经是中国银行业的主要中心。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The Rainforests of the Atsinanana are extremely important for keeping ongoing ecological processes necessary for the survival of Madagascar’s unique biodiversity (生物多样性), which reflects the island’s geological history.( Atsinanana的热带雨林对保持持续的生态过程至关重要，这对马达加斯加独特的生物多样性的生存至关重要，这反映了该岛的地质历史)”可知，马达加斯加岛的地质历史造成了马达加斯加独特的生物多样性。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据第一段“Heritage is treasure from the past — what we live with today and what we pass on to future generations. To preserve it, UNESCO safeguards hundreds of natural and cultural World Heritage sites around the world.(遗产是来自过去的财富——我们今天生活的东西，以及我们传给后代的东西。为了保护它，联合国教科文组织在世界各地保护了数百处世界自然和文化遗产)”以及第二段“Here are 5 World Heritage sites(以下是5处世界遗产)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍五处世界自然和文化遗产。故选A。
16．B
17．C
18．A
19．A
20．C
【导语】本文是说明文，文章推荐了4个精彩的艺术展览。
16．推理判断题。根据第一段“A new year brings a new calendar of exhibitions and there are so many fantastic shows to get stuck into. Make seeing more art your new year’s resolution and start filling your diary with these unmissable exhibitions.(新的一年带来了新的展览日历，有很多精彩的展览让你沉迷其中。把看更多的艺术作品作为你的新年决心，开始把这些不可错过的展览填进你的日记)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了推荐几个必看的艺术展览。故选B项。
17．推理判断题。根据“Calligraphic Awards”中的“9:00 am-5:00 pm, closed on Mondays (上午九时至下午五时，星期一休息)”可知，Calligraphic Awards营业时间是每天上午9点到下午五点，且周一闭馆，如果你想看Calligraphic Awards，你应该避开周一。故选C项。
18．细节理解题。根据“Refocusing on the Medium”中的“The exhibition ends on May 8 (展览将于5月8日结束)”可知，Refocusing on the Medium展览将持续到5月8日。故选A项。
19．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Contemporary artist Yang Mushi is showing installations (设备) made between 2019 and 2022 at his fourth solo exhibition, Reverse Reconstruction, at Galerie Urs Meile.(当代艺术家杨牧时在他的第四次个展“反向重建”中展出了2019年至2022年期间制作的设备)”和“His works examine the meanings of handwork and mass production that have reshaped people's way of life.(他的作品审视了重塑人们生活方式的手工和大规模生产的意义)”可知，如果你对生产历史感兴趣，你应该去Galerie Urs Meile，故选A项。
20．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A new year brings a new calendar of exhibitions and there are so many fantastic shows to get stuck into. (新的一年带来了新的展览日历，有很多精彩的展览让你沉迷其中)”可知，文章主要是介绍展览，和文化有关，所以最可能在报纸的文化专栏读到这篇文章。故选C项。
21．C
22．D
23．A
24．B
25．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文，主要阐述了什么是道德勇气，以及道德勇气的重要性。
21．推理判断题。根据以第一段“Courage is a highly admired virtue.(勇气是一种备受推崇的美德。)”，和“But there's another form of bravery that's much more important because it comes up more often. It's called moral courage.(但是还有另一种形式的勇敢更重要，因为它出现的频率更高。这叫道德勇气。)”可知，本文重点介绍道德勇气。且下文主要讲述了什么是道德勇气，以及道德勇气的重要性。所以，第一段的主要目的是引出话题，故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据第二段“Moral courage is the ability that allows us to face our fears and to conquer our darkest fears. It’s the ability to face the future without knowing what is certain. It’s the ability to stand tall and confront those who oppose us, those who prevent us from realizing who we are and what we are. But most importantly, it’s the ability to stand up for what’s right, even though there are risks that stand in your way.( 道德勇气是一种能力，使我们能够面对自己的恐惧，克服最黑暗的恐惧。这是一种在不知道什么是确定的情况下面对未来的能力。这是一种能够挺身而出，直面那些反对我们的人，那些阻止我们认识自己和自己的人的能力。但最重要的是，这是一种坚持什么是正确的能力，即使存在阻碍你前进的风险)”可知，在作者看来，道德勇气不是控制任何反对你的人的欲望，故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据第三段“The potential of showing moral courage has the power of changing the world. It was because of the moral courage that Mahatma Gandhi was able to make India free from British rule.(道德勇气的潜力具有改变世界的力量。正是由于这种道德勇气，圣雄甘地才能够使印度摆脱英国的统治。)”可知，真是由于甘地有道德勇气，才使得印度独立。道德勇气在改变世界中起着重要作用，故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据第四段“Courage is not the absence of fear but the resistance of fear, the mastery of fear.(勇气不是没有恐惧，而是对恐惧的抵抗，对恐惧的掌握。)”可知，勇气是一种克服恐惧的精神，故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据最后一段“We must try to develop the power of moral courage that will surely help in ending injustice and wrong and grant us a better world.(我们必须努力发展道德勇气的力量，这必将有助于结束不公正和错误，给我们一个更美好的世界。)”可知，作者建议我们要增强道德勇气，故选C。
26．D
27．A
28．A
29．C
30．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述中国残奥滑雪运动员毛忠武16岁时因意外跌落而导致下半身瘫痪，是体育让他走出人生低谷，他通过自强不息，从不放弃，在北京冬季残奥会中获得一枚金牌和两枚银牌。
26．推理判断题。根据第一段中“‘It was sports that made me come out of the lowest point in my life and changed me physically, mentally and spiritually,’ Mao said.(‘是体育让我走出人生的低谷，从身体上、心理上和精神上都改变了我，’毛说)”可知，事故发生后，他在体育运动中获得了新生。故选D项。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段中“For a long time, he felt ashamed and was unwilling to go out.(很长一段时间，他感到羞愧，不愿意出去)”可知，因为对自己身体上的残疾感到羞愧，他很长时间不愿意出门。故选A项。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘As an older athlete, he recovers slowly. He persevered through willpower,’ Fan said.(‘作为一名年纪较大的运动员，他恢复得很慢。他是靠意志力坚持下来的。’范说。)”可知，在教练范毅看来，毛忠武最大的挑战是年龄较大。故选A项。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段中“He persevered through willpower(他靠意志力坚持下来)”和第四段“But I never gave up. With the support of my team, I stepped toward my goals one by one(但我从未放弃。在我的团队的支持下，我一步一步地朝着我的目标迈进)”以及“Although I’m not young now, I will keep training and eye on more gold medals as long as I can.(虽然我现在已经不年轻了，但只要我能，我还是会继续训练，争取更多的金牌)”可知，毛忠武有决心且坚持不懈。故选C项。
30．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述中国残奥滑雪运动员毛忠武16岁时因意外跌落而导致下半身瘫痪，是体育让他走出人生低谷，他通过自强不息，从不放弃，在北京冬季残奥会中获得一枚金牌和两枚银牌。故作者通过他的故事想要告诉我们“每个人都是自己命运的主人”。故选B项。
31．C
32．B
33．D
34．A
35．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了儿童时期的成长环境影响着人的导航能力。
31．词义猜测题。根据第一句的than可知作者拿urbanites和people who grow up outside of cities (在城市以外长大的人)对比，所以urbanties（Those who are raised in cities.）指的是城市人。故选C项。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Nearly 400,000 people from 38 countries around the world played a video game called Sea Hero Quest, designed by scientists and game developers as a fun way to collect data about people’s brains（来自世界38个国家的近40万人玩了一款名为‘海洋英雄探索’的视频游戏，该游戏由科学家和游戏开发商设计，是一种收集人类大脑数据的有趣方式。）”可知研究人员是通过收集视频游戏的数据来进行研究的。故选B项。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段“On average, people who said they had grown up outside of cities, where they would have probably encountered lots of complicated paths, were better at finding the targets than people who were raised in cities.（通常，那些说自己在城市以外长大的人，在那里他们可能会遇到许多复杂的道路，比在城市长大的人更善于找到目标。）”可知一个人早期的成长环境影响着他们在游戏中的表现。故选D项。
34．推理判断题。根据第五段Coutrot所说的“As a kid, if you are exposed to a complex environment, you learn to find your way, and you develop the right cognitive processes to do so（作为一个孩子，如果你接触到一个复杂的环境，你就会学会找到道路，并发展出正确的认知过程。）”可知，Coutrot认为儿童时期的成长环境影响人们的导航能力。故选A项。
35．主旨大意题。本文主要通过对比在城里长大人和在城外长大的人在导航能力方面的差异告诉我们人的成长环境可能影响人的导航能力。所以短文的最佳标题为“你成长的地方可能会影响你的导航能力”。故选D项。
36．D
37．D
38．B
39．C
40．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了三个麦克莱恩的青少年，在厌倦了低薪和上班时间不便利的工作之后，决定创办自己的公司，该公司旨在为社区的青少年提供更多的兼职和就业岗位。
36．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Their new company, Teen Serve aims to solve teenage unemployment with a platform that matches students and community members who need short-term assistance with various tasks Through Teen Serve, residents sign up to post jobs they need done.”（他们的新公司Teen Serve旨在解决青少年失业问题，通过一个平台，为需要短期援助的学生和社区成员匹配各种任务。）可知，Teen Serve的目的是帮助将社区雇主与当地青少年联系起来。故答案选D。
37．词义猜测题。根据前文中的“Their new company, Teen Serve aims to solve teenage unemployment with a platform that matches students and community members who need short-term assistance with various tasks Through Teen Serve, residents sign up to post jobs they need done.”（他们的新公司Teen Serve旨在解决青少年失业问题，通过一个平台，为需要短期援助的学生和社区成员匹配各种任务。）同时根据本句中“Website users can pick up shifts wherever and whenever they want.”（网站用户可以随时随地进行换班），可知，网站用户可以随时随地轮班，为繁忙的日程安排提供便利。D选项“busy”译为“忙碌的”，与划线单词相符，故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据第三段中“A year ago, Jack Lannin, Quin Frew and Ben Jeannot worked as lifeguards at a local pool. Lanin told Tysons Reporter that they were upset when a pay change almost cut their salary in half.”（一年前，杰克·兰宁、奎恩·弗鲁和本·简诺特在当地一家游泳池担任救生员。拉宁告诉泰森记者，他们对薪酬变化“几乎使他们的薪水减半”感到不安），可知，去年他们所遇到的问题是：几乎自己的薪酬减半。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据第五段段首“The business is focused on mostly McLean for now, but Teen Serve’s owners hope to expand around Fairfax County.”（目前，Teen Serve的业务主要集中在麦克莱恩，但其所有者希望在费尔法克斯县扩大业务。）可知，他们的公司业务主要集中在麦克莱恩，但是希望扩大业务至其他地区。故选C。
40．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“Tired of underpaid jobs and inconvenient hours, three entrepreneurial McLean teens decided to start their own company.”（厌倦了低薪工作和不方便的工作时间，麦克莱恩的三个创业青年决定创办自己的公司。）可知文章，通过讲述的是麦克莱恩的三个青年企业家和他们的公司Teen Serve的故事。故选A。
【点睛】阅读理解题的解题方法，首先，宏观浏览，掌握大意。不要困扰在个别词汇的翻译上，偶有生词，走为上计。其次，读懂题干，带着问题再去微观细读。最后，分析句子，慎思明辨。阅读理解题之细节理解解题要注意：1.排除干扰项，突出主题。2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关信息，预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3.将注意力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速浏览，一目十行。发现细节，十目一行，放慢速度，仔细核对比较，直到找到正确答案。
41．C
42．B
43．A
44．A
45．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是Ford的机器狗的功能及用途等。
41．细节理解题。根据第一段的“The automaker named one of them Fluffy.(这家汽车制造商将其中一辆车命名为Fluffy。)”可知，福特已经为两只机器狗中的一只命名。故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据第二段的“The dogs are used to capture 360-degree images of areas in the plant that are difficult to get to using a traditional 3D camera on a tripod.(这些狗狗被用来捕捉工厂内各个区域的360度图像，而传统的3D相机很难在三脚架上拍摄到这些区域。)”可知，机器狗能拍摄360度的照片。故选B。
43．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Their four legs allow the robots to walk like a dog, around the plant at speeds of up to 3 mph(它们的四条腿可以让机器人像狗一样行走，在工厂周围以每小时3英里的速度行走)”可知，它们移动的速度不是很快，也就是不是很敏捷，因此划线词zippy的意思是“敏捷的”，和quick-moving意思相近，故选A。
44．主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Using the robotic dogs cuts that time in half. It also used to cost $300,000 to do it the old way. The robotic dogs are cheaper, but Ford didn’t say by how much.(使用机器狗将时间缩短了一半。以前用老方法也要花30万美元。机器狗更便宜，但福特没有透露具体的价格。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是机器狗的优点，故选A。
45．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But in the near future Ford wants to be able to program the dogs to go to different parts of the plant and report back what they see without being followed by a human. They can also ask for a ride on the back of a mobile robot that Ford has named Scouter. Like the dogs, it’s also capturing 3D scans of its environment.(但在不久的将来，福特希望能够通过编程让狗狗前往工厂的不同区域，并报告它们看到的情况，而不需要人类跟踪。他们还可以乘坐福特命名为Scouter的移动机器人。和狗一样，它也能捕捉周围环境的3D扫描。)”可推断出，机器狗需要被改进，故选D。
46．C
47．B
48．D
49．D
50．B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过讲述日本铁路系统发展，并与作者自身学心理学的例子讲述了设定远大目标会推动进步，不断创造新的可能。
46．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第四句话“But the Japanese railway system was so outdated that the 320-mile trip could take 20 hours.（但日本的铁路系统已经过时了，320英里的行程可能需要20个小时。）”以及最后一句话“So in 1955 the Japanese railway chief asked the nation’s engineers to create a faster train.（所以在1955年，日本铁路局局长要求该国的工程师制造更快的火车。）”可知，本段主要描述了日本铁路存在的问题，表明日本急需改进铁路运输系统。故选C项。
47．细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句话“The engineers immediately explained that at those speeds, if a train turned too sharply, the speed would force the cars off the track.（工程师们立即解释说，在这些速度下，如果火车转弯太急，速度会迫使汽车离开轨道。）”可知，工程师们对于高速行驶的想法表示怀疑。B项“他们认为这种想法不现实”更符合题意。故选B项。
48．细节理解题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句话“When exploring psychology, I was frequently told by researchers that the most successful people tend to set goals differently from everyone else.（在探索心理学时，研究人员经常告诉我，最成功的人在往设定的目标与其他人不同。）”可知，作者在研究心理学时经常听到如何设定目标让人与众不同。故选D项。
49．推理判断题。根据最后一段“This lesson can be used in the most ordinary aspects of life. Take to-do lists for instance. When making to-do lists, some people often write down tasks they can cross off right away. That’s wrong. Before writing easy tasks, you should first put down at the top of your list a big stretch goal that will constantly remind you of the main objective you’re trying to get done.”（这个教训可以用在生活中最普通的方方面面。以待办事项清单为例。当制定任务清单时，有些人经常写下他们可以马上划掉的任务。这是错误的。在写下简单的任务之前，你应该先在列表的顶端写下一个大的目标，它会不断提醒你要完成的主要目标）可知，作者以待办事项清单为例，展示了拉伸目标可以应用到我们的日常生活中。故选D项。
50．推理判断题。全文主要通过日本铁路系统发展与作者自身学心理学的例子讲述了设定远大目标会推动进步，不断创造新的可能。B项“远大的抱负会推动个人和社会进步”更符合题意。故选B项。阅读理解
Researchers based in the greater Yellowstone National Park area have found a new way to identify mountain lions-also referred as pumas- by using facial recognition. And it is proving to be effective to monitor these creatures that are highly elusive. “Mountain lions are really hard to directly observe.” said Peter Alexander, a research biologist leading the research project.
One tool they once used is a camera trap, which is attached to something along the animal’s regular path. When motion is detected, the trap gets a shot of the mountain lion as it passes by. The cameras even have an infra-red (红外线的)flash for nighttime photos without disturbing the animal.
Researchers around the world use this type of tool to estimate population numbers of species. But according to Alexander, there’s a problem with this method when it comes to ID’ing mountain lions.
All mountain lion around the world have light, sandy colored fur down their sides. The scientific name for a mountain lion, Puma concolor, literally translates to “one color”. This lack of unique coloration (自然花纹)on the their body sides means researchers like Alexander can’t usually tell if one puma crosses a camera trap five times, or if five individual animals pass by.
However, it’s a different story with their distinctive facial markings. Alexander and his team added some devices to their camera traps so that when motion was detected, a puma kitten call was played. This noise reliably attracted passerby pumas so that they looked up long enough for the camera trap to grab a shot for facial recognition.
Compared to the traditional side angle camera trap, the new attention-getting device was about 92% more accurate. This work was recently published in the journal Ecology and Evolution.
This study is an important step to being able to more confidently identify and track animals. Getting head images of mountain lions also opens up new opportunities to involve AI techniques. Alexander says that this new camera trap method could be used for tracking other wild animals that lack distinguishing side colors but have unique features elsewhere.
1．What does the word “elusive” underlined in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Difficult to detect. B．Impossible to control.
C．Reasonable to understand. D．Convenient to identify.
2．What causes the traditional camera trap’s problem in photographing mountain lions
A．Their unnoticeable body feature. B．Their large movement range.
C．Their failure to set off the flash. D．Their lack of a long state of rest.
3．What’s the purpose of the new device attached to the camera trap
A．To identify each puma by tracking their movement.
B．To help get head images of pumas for facial recognition.
C．To attract more puma kitten to pass by and be photographed.
D．To engage pumas’ attention for highlighted body side photos.
4．What does Alexander think of the new camera trap
A．It is a revolutionary invention. B．It will have promising applications.
C．It helps greatly advance AI techniques. D．It is more convenient than traditional ones.
A family’s cat has finally been recovered after three weeks of being on the run in Boston’s Logan International Airport. The cat -named Rowdy-had been successfully avoiding airport workers, airline employees, and animal experts since escaping from a pet container. Rowdy was finally caught Wednesday.
“Whether out of exhaustion or hunger we’ll never know, but this morning she finally let herself be caught,”an airport spokesperson said.
Rowdy is to be given a health examination and then returned to her family. “I’m kind of in disbelief,”said her owner, Patty Sahli. “I thought, ‘What are the odds we’re actually going to get her back ’ But I got a call this morning and I am just so shocked. ”
Rowdy’s time on the run began June 24. Sahli and her husband, Rich, returned to the United States from 15 years in Germany with the Army. When their Lufthansa airlines flight landed, the 4-year-old black cat with green eyes escaped her cage. She was chasing some birds in the area.
Soon Rowdy herself was on the object of a chase. Her escape set off a big search involving airport and Lufthansa workers. Construction workers, and animal welfare experts got involved as well. They used wildlife cameras and safe-release traps in an attempt to catch Rowdy. Many people saw Rowdy during her extended airport visit. However, the cat always escaped those who chased her.
Now, with Rowdy safely contained, a little calm has been returned to the airport. “It was such a community effort,” said Sahli, adding, “we’re just so grateful to everyone who helped look for her. ”
5．What finally led to Rowdy’s being caught
A．The use of wildlife cameras. B．The attraction of some birds to her.
C．Animal welfare experts’ involvement. D．Her willingness to cooperate in the chase.
6．What had Sahli expected about Rowdy
A．Getting away from the family. B．Returning home safe and sound.
C．Caught by the safe-release traps. D．Injured and shocked at the airport.
7．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The efforts of the cat’s owner. B．The process of chasing the cat.
C．The cause of the cat’s losing her way. D．The whole story of the cat’s getting loose.
8．Which of the following best describes the search efforts
A．Individual and effective. B．Extensive and combined.
C．Determined but failed. D．Demanding but overlooked.
Australia is unique in many ways. It’s home to a wide range of landscapes and some of the most unusual animals on Earth. The Land Down Under is also the only place on Earth that qualifies as both a country and a continent. The definition of a continent isn’t as concrete as you might expect, but a few qualities help earn Australia that distinction.
The land mass’s status (地位) as a country is for sure. A country is defined as “a nation with its own government, occupying a particular territory,” and since 1901, the Commonwealth of Australia—as it’s officially known—has fit that description.
Australia’s claim to be a continent is less strong. There’s no scientific definition used to categorize continents. They tend to be large land masses with their own tectonic plates (地壳板块), and isolated enough to produce unique cultures and plant and animal populations. These aren’t hard and fast rules, however. Europe and Asia share a tectonic plate, but their cultural differences justify separating them into two continents (though the boundary separating one from the other is constantly changing). When it comes to what makes Australia a continent, size is the most minor factor. It’s the smallest continent at 2. 9 million square miles, and it’s actually closer in size to Greenland than it is to South America. So what makes Australia a continent and Greenland an island
Australia’s distinctiveness carries a lot of weight here. Its isolated location allowed it to support native groups of people with distinct cultures as well as wildlife that can’t be found elsewhere on the planet. The native cultures and animals of Greenland, however, can also be found throughout the Arctic.
9．What qualifies Australia as a country
A．The distinct landscapes and animals it has.
B．The establishment of Commonwealth of Australia.
C．The reputation of the Land Down Under it enjoys.
D．The specifically defined continent where it is located.
10．What can we learn from the paragraph 3
A．The dividing line between Asia and Europe stays fixed.
B．Size is a major factor in determining Australia as a continent.
C．Each continent occupies a tectonic plate separated from others.
D．The definition of a continent doesn’t necessarily follow set rules.
11．Why is Greenland an island rather than a continent
A．Because it is much smaller than South America.
B．Because it does not cover a whole tectonic plate.
C．Because it lacks uniqueness in culture and wildlife.
D．Because it is too close and is attached to the Arctic.
12．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．How Is Australia Different from Greenland
B．How Were the Continents on Earth Determined
C．What Sets Australia Apart from Other Continents
D．Why Is Australia a Continent as Well as a Country
Some of the most well-known cities in the world have gone through at least one name change. The new names often exhibit shifts of power, or may honor a specific person. Here are some that were once known by other names.
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Saigon became Ho Chi Minh City in 1975 when it joined the Gia Dinh Province of Vietnam after the end of the Vietnam War. It was renamed after a previous communist prime minister, as the new name represented the north’s success. However, many people still refer to the city by its original name.
Mumbai, India
The city formerly known as Bombay officially became Mumbai in 1995 when the Shiv Sena political party rose to power. The Shiv Sena party saw Bombay as a relic of Britain’s colonial legacy (殖民遗产), and Mumbai was just one of many places in the country to receive a non-British name.
Istanbul, Turkey
Constantine the Great originally gave the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire the name of Constantinople, or “City of Constantine. ” The city went by this name or variations of it even after the Ottomans took it over in 1453; it was formally renamed Istanbul in 1930, not long after the Republic of Turkey was created.
Oslo, Norway
A fire destroyed the city of Oslo in 1624, during King Christian IV’s rule. When the settlement was being rebuilt, King Christian IV insisted on renaming Norway’s largest urban center after himself as Christiania (which later became Kristiania). In 1925, the city’s original name was restored to Oslo.
13．What is the former name of Ho Chi Minh City
A．Gian Dinh. B．Saigon. C．Bombay. D．Kristiania.
14．When did the Ottomans occupy what’s now Istanbul
A．In 1453. B．In 1624. C．In 1930. D．In 1925.
15．Who once governed Norway
A．The British. B．Ho Chi Minh.
C．King Christian IV. D．Constantine the Great.
Is there a link between social media and depression Do Facebook and Instagram have a negative impact on your mental health It’s complicated.
Sometimes, looking through Instagram just makes you feel bad. You try not to envy your friends, but they always seem to be traveling somewhere cool, eating something fancy, or looking cute in perfect just-rolled-out-of-bed hair. On the other hand, there are times when you laugh at funny memes (表情包), catch up with old friends, and feel happy to belong to fun social media communities. Clearly, social media isn’t all bad.
People are increasingly suspecting that there’re potential problems of social media. Things like cyberbullying (网上欺凌) , screen addiction, and being exposed to endless filtered images (美颜) that make it impossible not to make comparisons between yourself and others often make the news. In July, a big study came out in the journal JAMA titled “Association of Screen Time and Depression in Adolescence.” This big headline seems to confirm what a lot of people have been saying — screen time is horrible for young people.
The study followed over 3,800 adolescents over four years as part of a drug and alcohol prevention program. Part of what the investigators measured was the teens’ amount of screen time, including time spent on social media, as well as their levels of depression symptoms. One of their main findings was that higher amounts of social media use were associated with higher levels of depression. That was true both when the researches compared between people and compared each person against their own mental health over time.
Case closed Not so fast. Before we end the debate once and for all, let’s take a closer look at this and other studies. Let’s ask ourselves: what exactly is the relationship between social media use and depression It turns out there are several warnings.
16．Why do people sometimes feel bad when looking through Instagram
A．They feel unbalanced. B．They can travel nowhere.
C．They don’t look perfect. D．They lack contact with old friends.
17．Why is the article in journal JAMA mentioned
A．To comment. B．To suggest. C．To prove. D．To explore.
18．Which may agree with the findings of the study
A．Teens’ amount of screen time is limited.
B．Depression is related to social media use.
C．It is not easy to tell reasons for depression.
D．Social media contributes to physical health.
19．What’s the best title of the text
A．How to reduce depression
B．Shall people reduce screen time
C．Does social media cause depression
D．Why is it time to give up social media
In the United Kingdom, coffee consumption is on the rise. But beyond just fueling Londoners as they make their ways to work, coffee is also fueling their buses while fighting climate change.
It is reported that London’s buses will soon be powered in part by a newly developed biofuel, one that mixes diesel (柴油) with oils removed from spent coffee grounds, to reduce carbon dioxide emissions (排放) from its bus transport system. Recycling technology firm Bio-Bean collects used coffee grounds from major coffee producers across the UK, and removes the oils from them. Then it’s mixed into B20 biodiesel, with 20% biofuel and 80% conventional diesel.
With B20, the buses don’t require any adaptions to run on it. Bio-Bean founder said that, if the UK could use all of the 500,000 tons of coffee waste it produced each year, it could power the city of Manchester for a year. London uses other biofuels to support its effort to cut emissions from its bus system. Coffee is just the latest source, joining used cooking oil and animal fat from meat processing plants, but those old coffee grounds have to go somewhere, and fueling the city’s labor force is preferable to sending them to a waste yard. Bio-Bean’s B20 is an easy way to save businesses money on waste removal, and using the biodiesel in buses cut carbon emissions by 80%.
Coffee waste is becoming an almost unlimited resource, considering London’s citizens alone create 200,000 tons of coffee grounds every year. As more and more Britons switch from tea to coffee, that number will only elevate. The use of coffee grounds as a biofuel source has the added benefit of improving air quality in the city but sadly, it does not give off the pleasant coffee smell one might expect.
20．Why do London’s buses use the biofuel
A．To improve the atmosphere quality. B．To reduce transport fares in London.
C．To promote the recycling technology. D．To support the local coffee industry.
21．What do we know about B20
A．It can avoid emissions from buses. B．It requires adaptions to run on it.
C．It’s a mixture of biofuel and diesel. D．It can power the nation for a year.
22．Which word might replace the underlined word “elevate” in paragraph 4
A．Decline. B．Increase. C．Appear. D．Remain.
23．What does the text mainly talk about
A．The benefits of drinking coffee. B．An alternative biofuel resource.
C．The future for London’s buses, D．A change in coffee consumption.
Everyone has a routine. From where they get their coffee, to which route they take to work, to what side of the bed they sleep on. One thing that many find missing from their routine, however, is a way to connect with friends outside of the normal conversations, or with colleagues in a more meaningful way.
Our solution was to make time for a monthly book group. We would gather with friends, and the authors would be in attendance: from Erica Jong to Michael Cunningham, Nick Flynn, Mary Louise Parker, Ann Leary, Gary Shteyngardt, and Hanya Yanagihara. We rarely missed a meeting because it offered something we weren’t getting in our daily routines — knowledge from someone who could inspire a more meaningful conversation.
We all loved not only learning more about a topic, but digging into what drove these authors. And so, almost three years ago, we sat down over pizza and created the foundation for Never Stop Learning (NSL). The idea was to make sure that all members’ shared views could be received in a convenient setting. The one caveat (附加说明): it all must happen in an hour. Who had time for more
Since that initial brainstorming lunch, we have started an incredible list of almost 300 experts ranging from journalists just coming back from coverage in the disaster-stricken areas, to scientists studying the latest CRISPR, to lecturers teaching the art of persuasion. These brilliant speakers cover topics from global affairs to technology and arts. An hour with any of them and you will be guaranteed to see the world a little differently.
24．What’s the goal of the monthly book group
A．Organizing social activities.
B．Sharing thoughts with strangers.
C．Communicating with authors.
D．Connecting with people around.
25．What does the foundation expect to do
A．Introduce inspiring books.
B．Make every member heard.
C．Create a convenient setting.
D．Organize monthly book groups.
26．What can be inferred about NSL from paragraph 4
A．Its participants can adopt new viewpoints.
B．Its members are trained to be journalists.
C．Its scientific research has been sponsored.
D．Its organizers mainly focus on global affairs.
27．Which might be a suitable title for the text
A．Change Your Daily Routine
B．Ways to Never Stop Learning
C．NSL:To See the World Differently
D．Lifelong Learning:a Must for All
Monkeypox(猴痘)Response and Recommendations Scientists at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)are tracking multiple cases of monkeypox.For more information on exposure risk,click Monitoring Persons Exposed.
CDC is working with health officials to identify people who may have been in contact with individuals who have tested positive for monkeypox,so they can monitor their health.
Recommendations for Individuals
People should contact their healthcare provider if they:
◆traveled to African counties,or parts of Europe where monkeypox cases have been reported.
◆traveled to other areas with confirmed cases of monkeypox during the month before their symploms(症状)began.
◆contacted with a person with confirmed monkeypox.
Recommendations for Healthcare Providers
Presenting symptoms typically include fever,headache,back pain,and the characteristic rash(皮疹);however,cases in the absence of fever has been reported.If healthcare providers identify patients with a rash that could be consistent with monkeypox,monkeypox should be considered as a possible cause,regardless of whether they have other risk factors for monkeypox.
◆Information on infection control in healthcare settings is provided on our CDC website.For more information,click Infection Control:Healthcare Settings.
◆Healthcare providers should first consult state health department or CDC through the CDC Emergency Operations Center(770-488-7100)as soon as monkeypox is suspected.
◆All samples should be sent through the state public health department.
Recommendations for Health Departments
◆If monkeypox is suspected,consult through the CDC Emergency Operations Center.
◆Collected samples can be sent to CDC or a Laboratory Response Network laboratory for testing.
28．What should you do if you contacted with a confirmed monkeypox case
A．Report to your healthcare provider. B．Consult the state health department.
C．Call the Emergency Operations Center. D．Contact Laboratory Response Network.
29．Which of the following shows a high possibility of monkeypox
A．The severe back pain. B．The sudden high fever.
C．The constant headache. D．The characteristic rash.
30．Where can the text be found
A．In a travel brochure. B．In a medical journal.
C．On the CDC’s website. D．On the news broadcast.
Erhai Lake in Dali city is the second largest freshwater lake of Yunnan province. It’s a famous attraction, as well as Dali’s main source of drinking water.
The lake used to be seriously polluted due to the rapid development of tourism and the local economy. Since 2018, local authorities have been building an environmental protection system for the lake, the Erhai Lake Ecological Corridor (生态廊道), to protect it from being polluted and to improve local ecosystem. The project contains five parts: a 129-km road around the entire lake, a pipe system to stop waste water flowing into the like, the removal of 1,806 families who lived within the protection area, the protection of the lake’s wetlands and ecosystem, and the construction of experimental fields for wetland research.
By the end of 2020, the road around the lake had been basically completed. A 12-km part of the Corridor has been open to the public for free since September 2020 for a test operation. The Corridor is described as a “pearl necklace” surrounding the lake, with the villages located along the shore of Erhai Lake being the “pearls”. These villages benefit from the project financially, as they are linked and gain access to transportation and tourism around the lake.
According to staff members of the project, the lake’s water quality has already improved a lot during the construction of the Corridor. More wild birds fly to the lake and there is less unwanted plants in the water. It is also providing a good sight-seeing place for both the city’s residents and foreign tourists.
31．Why was the Erhai Lake Ecological Corridor built
A．To protect the wild birds. B．To treat waste water.
C．To attract foreign tourists. D．To preserve local ecology.
32．Which of the following is involved in the project
A．Encouraging residents to settle around Erhai.
B．Helping scientists conduct wetland research.
C．Removing the waste water from Erhai Lake.
D．Promoting construction in the protection area.
33．What do we know about the “pearls” from Paragraph 3
A．They provide tourism opportunities. B．They focus on the pearl industry.
C．They bring benefits to the city area. D．They make a profit from the project.
34．What do staff members think of the project
A．It works unexpectedly. B．It needs improving.
C．It turns out to be good. D．It brings side effects.
As the West dries out and heats up, wildfires get bigger and more destructive, officials tasked with preventing and battling the fires could soon have a new thing to add to their set of tools. The high tech help could come from an area not normally associated with fighting wild fires: artificial intelligence(AI).
Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company,based in Jefferson County, has decades of experience of managing satellites, exploring space and providing information for the US military. By generating more timely information about on-the ground conditions and running computer programs to process huge amounts of data,Lockheed Martin representatives say they can map the extent(范围)of a fire in minutes rather than the hours it can take now They say the AI that the company has applied to military use can improve predictions about a fires direction and speed.
“The situation that wildland firefighters work in is a dynamic environment with multiple activities and responsibilities,”said Dan Lordan, senior manager at Lockheed Martin’s Artificial Intelligence Center. Lockheed Martin aims to use its technology to reduce the time it takes to gather information and make decisions about wildfires.The quicker they can react, the faster they can control the fire and protect people’s properties and lives.
Lockheed is working with a software company to build a digital model of a wildfire based on an area’s topography(地形)condition of the plants wind and weather to help forecast where and how it will burn.After the 2020 Cameron Peak fire Colorado’s largest wildfire the company used the information about the fire, examined the more timely satellite data on fire conditions, and generated a model that was similar to the actual fire’s movement.
“Applying AI to fighting wildfires isn’t about taking people out of the field.” Lockheed Martin spokesman said.“Somebody will always be there,but people currently in the field are surrounded by so much data that they can’t sort through it fast enough.That’s where AI can help.”
35．What do we know about Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company
A．It has good experience in fighting fires.
B．It works on the follow-up to firefighting.
C．It applied AI to its service for the first time
D．It has played positive roles in various fields.
36．What did Dan Lordan think of the work environment of wildfire fighters
A．Quite controllable. B．Very stable.
C．Constantly changing. D．Perfectly safe.
37．What is AI used for when people fight wildfires
A．Building models. B．Processing more data.
C．Replacing firefighters. D．Making final decisions.
38．Which is he most suitable title for the text
A．AI is helping people fight wildfires
B．AI can fight wildfires automatically
C．AI is used to fight Colorado’s wildfires
D．AI replaces firemen in fighting wildfires
参考答案
1．A
2．A
3．B
4．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍研究人员革新摄影捕捉设备，采用面部识别技术追踪甄别黄石国家公园的美洲狮。
1．词句猜测题。根据第一段划线词后句““Mountain lions are really hard to directly observe.” said Peter Alexander, a research biologist leading the research project.(“美洲狮真的很难直接观察到。”领导该研究项目的生物学家Peter Alexander说)”可知，美洲狮极难追踪识别。由此猜测划线词意为“很难追踪或探测到”。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段的“This lack of unique coloration (自然花纹) on the their body sides means researchers like Alexander can’t usually tell if one puma crosses a camera trap five times, or if five individual animals pass by.(它们身体两侧缺乏独特的颜色，这意味着像亚历山大这样的研究人员通常无法分辨一只美洲狮是否五次穿过摄像机陷阱，或者是否有五只单独的动物经过)”可知，造成原先的摄影追踪设备的问题主要是因为美洲狮身上的花纹缺乏区分度，即它们不引人注意的身体特征。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段的“Alexander and his team added some devices to their camera traps so that when motion was detected, a puma kitten call was played. This noise reliably attracted passerby pumas so that they looked up long enough for the camera trap to grab a shot for facial recognition.(亚历山大和他的团队在他们的摄像机陷阱中添加了一些设备，这样当探测到运动时，就会播放美洲狮小狮子的叫声。这种噪音确实吸引了路过的美洲狮，所以它们抬头看了足够长的时间，以便捕捉到用于面部识别的镜头)”可知，添加的新设备的目的是，通过播放声音吸引美洲狮的注意力而拍摄其头脸部照片用于面部识别。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Alexander says that this new camera trap method could be used for tracking other wild animals that lack distinguishing side colors but have unique features elsewhere.(亚历山大说，这种新的相机陷阱方法可以用于追踪其他缺乏明显侧色但在其他地方有独特特征的野生动物)”可知，Alexander认为新的设备可以被用于其它缺乏明显体貌特征的野生动物的甄别，即：它的应用前景广阔，故选B。
5．D
6．A
7．D
8．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一只名叫Rowdy的家养宠物猫在机场逃脱走失后，各方力量全力搜寻使其归家的故事。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Whether out of exhaustion or hunger we’ll never know, but this morning she finally let herself be caught. ”an airport spokesperson said. (一位机场发言人说：“无论是出于疲惫还是饥饿，我们永远不会知道，但今天早上她终于让自己被抓住了。”)”可知，Rowdy最后被抓到是它出于自己配合的意愿。故选D项。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段“I’m kind of in disbelief,” said her owner, Patty Sahli. “I thought, ‘What are the odds we’re actually going to get her back ’ But I got a call this morning and I am just so shocked. (“我有点不敢相信，”她的主人Patty Sahli说。“我想，‘我们把她找回来的几率有多大 ’但是今天早上我接到了一个电话，我真的很震惊。”)”可知，Rowdy的主人Sahli认为不可能找到Rowdy，可得出Sahli本以为Rowdy会远离家庭。故选A项。
7．主旨大意题。第四段“Rowdy’s time on the run began June 24. Sahli and her husband, Rich, returned to the United States from 15 years in Germany with the Army. When their Lufthansa airlines flight landed, the 4-year-old black cat with green eyes escaped her cage. She was chasing some birds in the area.(Rowdy的逃亡时间从6月24日开始。萨莉和她的丈夫里奇在德国从军15年后回到美国。当汉莎航空公司的航班降落时，这只4岁的绿眼睛黑猫逃出了笼子。她在该地区追赶一些鸟。)”讲述Rowdy在机场逃脱的经过。故选D项。
8．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Her escape set off a big search involving airport and Lufthansa workers. Construction workers, and animal welfare experts got involved as well. They used wildlife cameras and safe-release traps in an attempt to catch Rowdy.(她的逃跑引发了一场涉及机场和汉莎航空员工的大搜索。建筑工人和动物福利专家也参与其中。他们使用野生动物摄像机和安全释放陷阱试图抓住罗迪。)”可知，Rowdy的本次搜救工作动员了多方力量联合参与。故选B项。
9．B
10．D
11．C
12．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了澳大利亚既是一个国家也是一个大陆的原因，表明其独特性。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A country is defined as “a nation with its own government, occupying a particular territory,” and since 1901, the Commonwealth of Australia—as it’s officially known—has fit that description.”（一个国家被定义为‘一个拥有自己政府，占据某一特定领土的国家’，自1901年起，官方所称的澳大利亚联邦就符合这一描述。）可知，1901年澳大利亚联邦的成立使其满足成为一个国家的条件，故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段“There’s no scientific definition used to categorize continents. They tend to be large land masses with their own tectonic plates (地壳板块) , and isolated enough to produce unique cultures and plant and animal populations. These aren’t hard and fast rules, however.”（没有科学的定义来对大陆进行分类。它们往往具有自己的板块构造，足够独立，可以产生独特的文化和动植物种群。然而，并没有硬性的规定。）可知，判定大陆的条件不一定得遵循一成不变的标准，故选D。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Australia’s distinctiveness carries a lot of weight here. Its isolated location allowed it to support native groups of people with distinct cultures as well as wildlife that can’t be found elsewhere on the planet. The native cultures and animals of Greenland, however, can also be found throughout the Arctic.”（澳大利亚的独特性在这里很重要。它与世隔绝的地理位置使它能够支持具有不同文化的土著群体，以及在地球上其他地方找不到的野生动物。然而，格陵兰岛的本土文化和动物也遍及北极。）可知，格陵兰岛不具备作为独立大陆的原因是不具备文化和动物物种的独特性，故选C。
12．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The Land Down Under is also the only place on Earth that qualifies as both a country and a continent.”（The Land Down Under（澳大利亚的别称）是地球上唯一一个同时具备国家和大陆资格的地方。）可知，本文主要围绕着澳大利亚既是一个国家也是一个大路展开，讲述其原因，D项“为什么澳大利亚既是一个国家也是一个大陆？”符合文意，故选D。
13．B
14．A
15．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文简要介绍了世界上四个城市的名字变更史。
13．细节理解题。根据Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam部分的“Saigon became Ho Chi Minh City in 1975 when it joined the Gia Dinh Province of Vietnam after the end of the Vietnam War(1975年，越南战争结束后，西贡加入越南的Gia Dinh省，成为胡志明市)”可知，Ho Chi Minh City的曾用名为Saigon。故选B。
14． 细节理解题。根据Istanbul, Turkey部分的“The city went by this name or variations of it even after the Ottomans took it over in 1453(即使在1453年奥斯曼人接管后，这座城市还是沿用了这个名字或其变体)”可知，奥斯曼于1453年占领了现在的伊斯坦布尔。故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据Oslo, Norway部分的“A fire destroyed the city of Oslo in 1624, during King Christian Ⅳ’s rule.(1624年，一场大火摧毁了国王克里斯蒂安四世统治时期的奥斯陆市)”可知，King Christian Ⅳ曾经统治过挪威。故选C。
16．A
17．C
18．B
19．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讲述了关于社交媒体与抑郁症之间的一些研究调查，强调了其之间的因果复杂性。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Sometimes, looking through Instagram just makes you feel bad. You try not to envy your friends, but they always seem to be traveling somewhere cool, eating something fancy, or looking cute in perfect just-rolled-out-of-bed hair.( 有时候，浏览社交平台会让你感觉很糟糕。你努力不去羡慕你的朋友们，但是他们似乎总是在某个很酷的地方旅行，吃着精致的食物，或者刚从床上卷起来的完美发型看起来很可爱)”可知，浏览社交网站看到朋友的令人羡慕的内容，会使自己感到心理不平衡而心情糟糕。故选A项。
17．推理判断题。根据第三段的“In July, a big study came out in the journal JAMA titled “Association of Screen Time and Depression in Adolescence.” This big headline seems to confirm what a lot of people have been saying-screen time is horrible for young people.( 今年7月，《美国医学会杂志》(JAMA)发表了一项名为《屏幕时间与青春期抑郁的关系》的大型研究。这个大标题似乎证实了很多人一直在说的——屏幕时间对年轻人来说是可怕的)”可知该文章证实了屏幕时间对年轻人来说是可怕的，从而支持了本段论点：People are increasingly suspect that there’re the potential problems of social media.( 人们越来越怀疑社交媒体的潜在问题)，故推知，提及该文章是为了证明论点。故选C项。
18．细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“One of their main findings was that higher amounts of social media use were associated with higher levels of depression. ( 他们的主要发现之一是，使用社交媒体的次数越多，抑郁症的程度越高)”可知，使用社交媒体的频率与抑郁症程度有关。故选B项。
19．主旨大意题。根据文章体裁为议论文，首段提出本文话题：Is there a link between social media and depression Do Facebook and Instagram have a negative impact on your mental health It’s complicated.( 社交媒体和抑郁症之间有联系吗 Facebook和社交平台对你的心理健康有负面影响吗 它是复杂的)可知，本文主要讨论了关于社交媒体与抑郁症之间的一些研究调查，强调了其之间的因果复杂性。选项C. Does social media cause depression ( 社交媒体会导致抑郁症吗 )贴合主旨要义，为最佳标题。故选C项。
20．A
21．C
22．B
23．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一种非传统的生物燃料资源B20，将柴油与从废咖啡渣中提取的油混合，这种生物燃料资源将为伦敦的公交车提供动力，以减少公交系统的二氧化碳排放。
20．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“It is reported that London’s buses will soon be powered in part by a newly developed biofuel, one that mixes diesel (柴油) with oils removed from spent coffee grounds, to reduce carbon dioxide emissions (排放) from its bus transport system.”（据报道，伦敦的公交车很快将部分由一种新开发的生物燃料提供动力，这种生物燃料将柴油与从废咖啡渣中提取的油混合，以减少公交系统的二氧化碳排放。）可知，伦敦的公交车将部分由一种新开发的生物燃料提供动力，以减少公交系统的二氧化碳排放，由此可推断出，伦敦的公交车使用生物燃料是为了减少二氧化碳排放，改善大气质量。故选A项。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Recycling technology firm Bio-Bean collects used coffee grounds from major coffee producers across the UK, and removes the oils from them. Then it’s mixed into B20 biodiesel, with 20% biofuel and 80% conventional diesel.”（回收技术公司Bio Bean从英国主要咖啡生产商那收集用过的咖啡渣，并从中去除油脂。然后将其与B20生物柴油混合，其中20%为生物燃料，80%为传统柴油。）可知，B20生物柴油中20%为生物燃料，80%为传统柴油，由此可知，B20是生物燃料和柴油的混合物。故选C项。
22．词义猜测题。根据画线单词上句“Coffee waste is becoming an almost unlimited resource, considering London’s citizens alone create 200,000 tons of coffee grounds every year. As more and more Britons switch from tea to coffee…”（考虑到仅伦敦市民每年就产生20万吨咖啡渣，咖啡垃圾几乎成为一种无限的资源。随着越来越多的英国人从茶转向咖啡……）可知，仅伦敦市民每年就产生20万吨咖啡渣，并且越来越多的英国人从喝茶转向喝咖啡，由此可知，产生咖啡渣的数量还会增长，“Increase”意为“增长，增加”，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选B项。
23．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段关键句“It is reported that London’s buses will soon be powered in part by a newly developed biofuel, one that mixes diesel (柴油) with oils removed from spent coffee grounds, to reduce carbon dioxide emissions (排放) from its bus transport system.”（据报道，伦敦的公交车很快将部分由一种新开发的生物燃料提供动力，这种生物燃料将柴油与从废咖啡渣中提取的油混合，以减少公交系统的二氧化碳排放。）可知，本文主要介绍了一种非传统的生物燃料资源B20，将柴油与从废咖啡渣中提取的油混合，这种生物燃料资源将为公交车提供动力，以减少公交系统的二氧化碳排放，由此可知，本文主要介绍了一种非传统的生物燃料资源。故选B项。
24．D
25．B
26．A
27．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者通过参加一个每月组织的读书小组和周围的人建立有意义的联系，并建立了NSL和成员分享观点，从他人的经历中了解到了不同的世界。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段的“One thing that many find missing from their routine, however, is a way to connect with friends outside of the normal conversations, or with colleagues in a more meaningful way.(然而，许多人发现他们的日常生活中缺少一件事，那就是在正常交谈之外与朋友或与同事以一种更有意义的方式联系的方式)”以及第二段的“Our solution was to make time for a monthly book group.(我们的解决办法是每月抽出时间参加一个读书小组)”推知，每月一次的读书小组的目的是与周围的人建立有意义的联系。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段的“And so, almost three years ago, we sat down over pizza and created the foundation for Never Stop Learning (NSL). The idea was to make sure that all members’ shared views could be received in a convenient setting.(所以，差不多三年前，我们坐下来吃披萨，为“永不停止学习”（NSL）创立了基金会。这个想法是为了确保所有成员的共同观点都能在一个方便的环境中被接受)”可知，基金会希望每个成员的观点都被听到。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Since that initial brainstorming lunch, we have started an incredible list of almost 300 experts ranging from journalists just coming back from coverage in the disaster-stricken areas, to scientists studying the latest CRISPR, to lecturers teaching the art of persuasion. These brilliant speakers cover topics from global affairs to technology and arts. An hour with any of them and you will be guaranteed to see the world a little differently.(自最初的头脑风暴午餐会以来，我们已经开始了一份由近300名专家组成的令人难以置信的名单，其中有刚从灾区报道回来的记者，有研究最新CRISPR的科学家，还有教授说服艺术的讲师。这些杰出的演讲者涵盖了从全球事务到技术和艺术的话题。与他们中的任何一个人相处一小时，保证你看到的世界会有所不同)”推知，NSL的成员都乐于接受新观点，从他人的经历中看到不一样的世界。故选A。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了作者通过参加一个每月组织的读书小组和周围的人建立有意义的联系，并建立了NSL和成员分享观点，从他人的经历中了解到了不同的世界。由此可知，C项“NSL：从不同的角度看世界”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。
28．A
29．D
30．C
【导语】本文是篇说明文。目前疾控中心的科学家们正在追踪多起猴痘病例，疾控中心和医疗官员们也在合作筛查与确诊案例有过接触的人员。文章就该疾病方面的相关信息和要求，分别对个人、医护人员及医疗部门给出了介绍和建议。
28．细节理解题。根据“contacted with a person with confirmed monkeypox.”（与确诊猴痘病例有接触）可知，本题答案在第一个黑体句的大段里；由该段中“People should contact their healthcare provider if they:”（人们应该联系他们的医护人员，如果他们：）可知，如果你接触过猴痘确诊病例，应该向你的医护人员汇报。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第一个黑体句段落中第六段“If healthcare providers identify patients with a rash that could be consistent with monkeypox,monkeypox should be considered as a possible cause,regardless of whether they have other risk factors for monkeypox.”（如果医护人员鉴定有皮疹的病人可能与猴痘症状一致，那么猴痘应该可能就是皮疹的原因，不用管他们是否有其它因猴痘而造成的风险因素。）可知，只要是有皮疹的症状，就很有可能得了猴痘。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“For more information on exposure risk,click Monitoring Persons Exposed.”（更多关于接触风险的信息，点击Monitoring Persons Exposed）和第二个黑体句大段中的第二段“Information on infection control in healthcare settings is provided on our CDC website.For more information,click Infection Control:Healthcare Settings.”（有关医疗机构疫情防控的信息在我们CDC网站上提供，更多信息点击Infection Control:Healthcare Settings。）可知，本文可在CDC网站上找到。故选C。
31．D
32．B
33．D
34．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍“洱海生态廊道”在改善洱海生态环境方面所起的积极作用。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段的“The lake used to be seriously polluted due to the rapid development of tourism and the local economy. Since 2018, local authorities have been building an environmental protection system for the lake, the Erhai Lake Ecological Corridor (生态廊道), to protect it from being polluted and to improve local ecosystem.(由于旅游业和当地经济的快速发展，该湖曾经受到严重污染。自2018年以来，地方当局一直在为洱海建设一个环境保护系统，即洱海生态廊道，保护其免受污染并改善当地生态系统)”可知，建立洱海生态廊道的目的是保护当地生态系统。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段的“The project contains five parts: a 129-km road around the entire lake, a pipe system to stop waste water flowing into the like, the removal of 1,806 families who lived within the protection area, the protection of the lake’s wetlands and ecosystem, and the construction of experimental fields for wetland research.(该项目包括五个部分：一条129公里的环湖公路、一个阻止废水流入的管道系统、1806户居住在保护区内的家庭的搬迁、保护湖泊的湿地和生态系统，以及建设湿地研究的实验场)”并结合选项可知，B项“协助科学家进行湿地研究”包含在该项目中。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段的“The Corridor is described as a “pearl necklace” surrounding the lake, with the villages located along the shore of Erhai Lake being the “pearls”. These villages benefit from the project financially, as they are linked and gain access to transportation and tourism around the lake.(走廊被描述为环绕湖泊的“珍珠项链”，洱海沿岸的村庄是“珍珠”。这些村庄在经济上受益于该项目，因为它们相互联系，并获得了环湖交通和旅游的机会)”可知，“珍珠”指的是洱海沿岸的村庄，这些村庄因该项目获得了环湖交通和发展旅游业的机会，因此这些村庄受益于该项目。故选D。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“According to staff members of the project, the lake’s water quality has already improved a lot during the construction of the Corridor. More wild birds fly to the lake and there is less unwanted plants in the water. It i also providing a good sight-seeing place for both the city’s residents and foreign tourists.(据该项目的工作人员介绍，在走廊建设期间，该湖的水质已经改善了很多。更多的野鸟飞到湖里，水中不需要的植物也更少了。它也为城市居民和外国游客提供了一个很好的观光场所)”推知，工作人员认为该项目很好。故选C。
35．D
36．C
37．B
38．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国西部野火连年不止，为了更快地发现和扑灭野火，人们使用了人工智能。
35．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company,based in Jefferson County,has decades of experience of managing satellites, exploring space and providing information for the US military.(Lockheed Martin太空系统公司，位于杰斐逊县，在管理卫星、探索太空和为美国军方提供信息方面拥有数十年的经验。)”可知Lockheed Martin太空系统公司在管理卫星、探索太空和为美国军方提供信息方面拥有数十年的经验，即在各种各样的领域都发挥了积极作用；故选D项。
36．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中““The situation that wildland firefighters work in is a dynamic environment with multiple activities and responsibilities,”said Dan Lordan, senior manager at Lockheed Martin’s Artificial Intelligence Center.(Lockheed Martin’s Artificial人工智能中心的高级经理Dan Lordan说：“野外消防员工作的环境是动态的，有多种行动和责任。”)”可知Dan Lordan认为野外消防员的工作环境是动态的，有多种行动和责任，即环境是不断变化的；故选C项。
37．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““Applying AI to fighting wildfires isn’t about taking people out of the field.” Lockheed Martin spokesman said.“Somebody will always be there,but people currently in the field are surrounded by so much data that they can’t sort through it fast enough.That’s where AI can help.”(Lockheed Martin 公司的发言人说：“将人工智能应用于扑灭野火并不是让人们离开野外。”“总会有人在那里，但目前从事该领域的人被太多的数据包围，他们无法足够快地从中分类。这就是人工智能能帮上忙的地方。”)”可知人工智能用于扑灭野火，主要是能帮助人们分拣诸多的数据，即帮助人们处理更多的数据；故选B项。
38．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段为主旨段，提到人们正在使用人工智能帮助扑灭野火的情况，而文章接下来的段落都是围绕着人工智能被用于扑灭野火这一情况来进行具体阐述的，故选项“AI is helping people fight wildfires(人工智能正在帮助人们扑灭野火)”适合作为本文标题；故选A项。阅读理解
Show Some Love to the Ugly and Endangered
Let’s face it-not every animal is going to win a beauty contest. But all of them are important, and they all deserve a chance at survival. Let’s show a little love for some of the endangered species that may not be the prettiest, but need our help all the same.
Pallid Sturgeon(浅色鲟鱼)
The species has been around for more than 78 million years. These guys once shared the planet with dinosaurs. And sadly，they could be going the same way as their now fossilized(变成化石的)friends. Today, the last wild-born pallid sturgeons are nearing extinction. As humans built dams in the waterways these fish need to survive, they blocked the pallid sturgeon from being able to reach its breeding grounds.
California Condor(加州秃鹫)
The California condor sports a bare featherless head, the better to put into dead things without getting too dirty. With a wingspan of up to 9 feet, they’re one of the largest birds in the world. But due in large part to habitat loss, illegal shootings, and lead poisoning, by 1985 the entire known wild population had been reduced to just nine birds.
Northern Long-eared Bat
Few animals have as undeserved a bad reputation as bats do but they actually provide incredibly valuable services like pollination(授粉)or eating insects that could otherwise kill crops or make us sick.
North American bats like the Northern long-eared bat are being killed right now by a disease called “white nose syndrome”. This infection has lent new urgency to efforts to protect bat habitats and reduce other threats to their survival.
These are just three of a long list of endangered species that need our help-even if they aren’t always the ones that get the lion’s share of the spotlight. This Valentine’s Day, show some love for species like these.
1．What is the main reason for the pallid sturgeon’s close extinction
A．Its ugly appearance.
B．The extinction of its fossilized friends.
C．Its long history of more than 78 million years.
D．Dams prevent them from reaching breeding grounds.
2．Which of following statements is TRUE
A．Bats deserve a bad reputation.
B．North American bats are being killed by “white nose syndrome”.
C．The California condor sports featherless.
D．The California condor is the largest birds in the world.
3．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．No animal can share the spotlight of the lion.
B．Few endangered species need human’s help.
C．All species are equally important.
D．The Valentine’s Day is intended for endangered species.
Glacier National Park in Montana shares boundaries with Canada, an American Indian reservation, and a national forest. Along the North Fork of the Flathead River the park also borders about 17 000 acres of private lands that are currently used for ranching timber(木材)and agriculture. This land is a crucial part of the habitat and migratory routes for several endangered species that frequent the park. These private lands are essentially the only ones available for development in the region.
With encouragement from the park, local landowners launched a land use planning effort to guide the future of the North Fork. The park is a partner in an interlocal agreement that appeals to resource managing agencies to work together with more than 400 private owners in the area. A draft plan has been prepared with the objective of maintaining traditional economic uses but limiting new development that would damage park resources. Voluntary action by landowners, teaming up with the park and the county, is helping to restrict small lot subdivisions, maintain wildlife corridors, and minimize any harmful impact on the environment.
The willingness of local landowners to participate in this protection effort may have been stimulated by concerns that congress would impose(强制实行)a legislative solution. Nevertheless，many local residents want to retain the existing character of the area. Meetings between park officials and landowners have led to a dramatically improved understanding of all concerns.
4．Why are the private lands surrounding Glacier National Park so important
A．They are heavily populated.
B．They function as a hunting preserve.
C．They are restricted to government use.
D．They contain natural habitats of several threatened species.
5．The relationship between park officials and neighboring landowners may best be described as ______.
A．indifferent B．favourable C．cooperative D．disappointing
6．It can be inferred from the passage that a major interest of the officials of Glacier National Park is to ______.
A．limit land development around the park
B．establish a new park in Montana
C．influence national legislation
D．settle border disputes with Canada
7．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．The endangered species in Glacier National Park.
B．The protection of lands surrounding Glacier National Park.
C．Conservation laws imposed by the state of Montana.
D．Conservation laws imposed by Congress.
Singapore is trying a new way to get its residents to stay away from each other. The government announced it would start using Spot, Boston Dynamics’ famous yellow and black robot dog in a local park.
Authorities said the four-legged robot “dog” will patrol the area and broadcast a prerecorded message to visitors to remind them of the importance of social distancing. The device will also be equipped with cameras that will look at the surroundings carefully and help officials calculate the number of people gathering in parks.
“These cameras will not be able to track or recognize specific individuals, and no personal data will be collected,” the government said. The new measure is an experiment to improve enforcement of social distancing throughout Singapore. The pilot project is put into trial use for two weeks at one park during off-peak hours. But if all goes well, authorities will consider expanding the program. The government says it’s also using Spot in another capacity-at a local isolation facility where the robot helps patients carry medicine.
Spot went viral almost overnight in a series of online videos several years ago, showing that it could run uphill, climb stairs or even get you a drink. It is generally used for inspections on construction sites or similar situations, according to Boston Dynamics. It also has been used for public safety reasons, such as helping “inspect dangerous packages from long-distance,” the company states on its website.
Singapore’s government said that it had picked the model for its flexibility. “Unlike wheeled robots, Spot works well across different terrains and can navigate and avoid obstacles effectively, making it ideal for operation in public parks and gardens,” it noted. For now, at least one park ranger will be patrolling the area along with the robot, according to authorities.
8．What is Spot employed for in a park in Singapore
A．Isolating patients.
B．Inspecting dangerous packages.
C．Helping enforce social distancing.
D．Tracking and recognizing specific individuals.
9．What can we know from Paragraph 3
A．A pilot will operate the robot dog.
B．The government is expanding the project.
C．Spot is being used in hospitals to help patients.
D．Spot doesn’t patrol the park during rush hours.
10．What does the underlined phrase probably mean in Paragraph 4
A．Was created. B．Became a hit. C．Went public. D．Sold out.
11．Why has Singapore’s government chosen Spot
A．It has great adaptability.
B．It is equipped with cameras.
C．It is not like a wheeled robot.
D．It works well from long-distance.
I moved to the Spanish capital, Madrid, nearly two months ago. I am here for a year teaching English in a secondary school as a language assistant. Before I arrived I thought I would be able to adapt to Spanish culture very easily, but my previous expectations have been very different from the reality of Spanish life.
Firstly, I didn’t realize how difficult it would be to adapt to the Spanish day and the timings of meals. Spanish “midday” is at 14: 00, meaning lunch is never before then. My expectation was that I would be eating lunch at 12: 00-13: 00, but most days it’s 15: 30 before I eat lunch. Can I really still call this lunch ! The same applies to dinner or tea. In the UK, dinner is between 18:00 and 19: 00, but now that dinner time is 21: 30. The thing I didn’t realize is that this affects the Spanish sleeping routine. Eating dinner so late of course means that Spaniards go to bed so much later. It is such a British thing to go to bed at 22:00!
Queuing politely and being cautious around strangers is also something that is very British. I only realized it when I arrived in Spain. I took it for granted that queuing patiently is as the normal thing as in Britain or countries like China, Japan and America. But this definitely isn’t the case in Spain. If there’s a free table in a restaurant, you quickly take it, even if there’s other people who have been waiting longer than you.
Finally, the reality of the Spanish diet is very different from my expectations. Food products that are so normal in the UK aren’t nearly as popular here.
12．According to the passage, lunch time in the UK probably is ______.
A．12:00-13:00 B．14:00 C．after 15:30 D．15:30
13．The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A．eating dinner so early B．eating dinner so late
C．going to bed so early D．going to bed so late
14．Waiting in line patiently is considered the normal thing in the following countries except ______.
A．China B．America C．Spain D．British
15．How many aspects of cultural differences between Spain and Britain are mentioned in the text
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
Teenagers who spend more time on after-school activities and less than two hours of screen time after school are more mentally (心理上) healthy, according to a study published in the journal Preventive Medicine. The new study was carried out by researchers from the University of British Columbia.
The study used information collected from more than 28, 000 seventh-grade Canadian students between 2014 and 2018. The students first answered questions about their usage of screen time after school, including how much time they spent watching TV, Netflix or something else. Then, students reported how many days they had taken part in after-school activities such as sports or arts programmes. After that, researchers asked students to describe their state of mind. For example, when given a statement such as “I start most days thinking that I will have a good day”, they could choose to what level they agreed with it on a scale (等级).
Some of the results were expected, researchers said in the study. Students with no after-school activities usually had high levels of screen time, for example. And they expected girls would score higher on negative indicators (消极指标) of mental health, as earlier research had found that they tended to have higher levels of anxiety (焦虑) compared to boys.
What was noteworthy, researchers say, is that even among students who took part in after-school activities, 46% still went beyond the recommended screen time of two hours. At the same time, 67% of students who didn’t take part in after-school activities also had more than two hours of screen time. Together, this suggests high screen time among teenagers generally.
“The findings suggest that after-school activities are valuable for the happy growing of teenagers,” the study said. “While past studies have proved the importance of after-school activities for social and academic (学业的) development, the present study shows their importance for good mental health results.”
16．Which of the following came last when students took part in the new study
A．Talking about their lifestyles. B．Introducing their after-school activities.
C．Reporting their mental states on a scale. D．Answering questions about screen time use.
17．What do the researchers find about teenage girls
A．They often have higher levels of satisfaction.
B．Few of them take part in after-school activities.
C．Anxiety has become a serious problem among them.
D．Too much screen time may be more harmful to them.
18．What does the author want to show by using the numbers in paragraph 4
A．Earlier findings about screen time are wrong.
B．High screen time is common among teenagers.
C．No after-school activities mean no screen time.
D．Screens attract teenagers more than after-school activities do.
19．Why are after-school activities so important according to the new study
A．They are good for teenagers’ physical health.
B．They help to improve teenagers’ mental health.
C．They encourage teenagers’ social development.
D．They allow teenagers to become better learners.
If you’re planning on travelling, there are a few simple rules about how to make life easier both before and after your journey.
First of all, always check and double-check departure (起程) time. It is amazing how few people really do this carefully. Once I arrived at the airport a few minutes after ten. My secretary had got the ticket for me and I thought she had said that the plane left at 10:50. When I arrived at the airport, the clerk at the departure desk told me that my flight was closed. Therefore, I had to wait three hours for the next one and missed an important meeting.
The second rule is to remember that even in this age of credit cards, it is still important to have at least a little of the local currency (货币) with you when you arrive in a country. This can be necessary if you are flying to a place few tourists normally visit. Once I arrived at a place at midnight and the bank at the airport was closed. The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi and because I had no dollars, I offered to pay in pounds instead. “Listen! I only take real money!” the driver said angrily. Luckily I was able to borrow a few dollars from a clerk at the hotel, but it was embarrassing.
The third and last rule is to find out as much as you can about the weather at your destination before you leave. I feel sorry for some of my workmates who travel in heavy suits and raincoats in May, when it is still fairly cool in London or Manchester, to places like Athens, Rome or Madrid, where it is already beginning to get quite warm during the day.
20．According to the passage, the driver was angry because ________.
A．the author gave him the false (假的) money B．the author did not give him the local money
C．the author offered to pay by credit card D．the author had no enough change
21．The underlined word “embarrassing” in paragraph 3 probably means ________
A．awkward B．frightening C．suitable D．anxious
22．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The author tells people to choose warm places as their travel destinations.
B．You don’t have to take credit cards when travelling.
C．You should know more about the weather of the place you’ll visit.
D．It’s unnecessary to check the departure time carefully.
23．The writer mainly tells us ________.
A．how to make life easier B．how to be well prepared for a trip
C．how to enjoy ourselves on a trip D．how to plan our trip
Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or, in summer, they may think it is the heat. However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time – about eight hours after you wake up – your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. Scientists have tested sleep habits in experiments, where there was no night or day. The people in these experiments almost always followed a similar sleeping pattern. They slept for one long period and then for one short period about eight hours later.
In many parts of the world, people take naps(打盹) in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer climates where the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any climate. A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind and therefore is good for health in general. In countries where naps are traditional, people often suffer less from problem such as heart disease.
Many working people, unfortunately, have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps, employers do not allow it! If you do have the chance, however, here are a few tips about making the most of your nap. Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterward. This can also happen if you sleep for too long. If you do not have enough time, try a short nap – even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful.
24．Why do people feel sleepy in the early afternoon according to the text
A．They eat too much for lunch. B．They sleep too little at night.
C．Their body temperature becomes lower. D．The weather becomes a lot warmer.
25．If you get up at 6:30 am, what is the best time for you to take a nap
A．About 12:30 pm. B．About 1:30 pm. C．About 2:30 pm. D．About 3:30 pm.
26．Why do employers not allow workers to take naps
A．Taking naps is no good for health.
B．Taking naps may lead to heart attack.
C．Taking naps may lead to low working efficiency.
D．Taking naps takes up the working time and reduces production.
27．What would be the best title for the text
A．Just for a Rest B．All for a Nap C．A Special Sleep Pattern D．No time to take naps
Air travel can be a real headache. But if you happen to have a stop at Changi Airport in Singapore, you’re in for a wonderful treat.
The main attraction is the Jewel, a donut-shaped glass building featuring the world’s tallest indoor waterfall, known as the HSBC Rain Vortex. The 130-foot-tall waterfall uses rainwater that drops seven stories down from the roof. When the water hits the floor, it travels through a large funnel (漏斗), creating an inverted (倒转的) waterfall for two levels in the airport located below the ground level.
The effect is maximized at night when the waterfall is the centerpiece of a 360-degree light and audio exhibit. The Rain Vortex was designed by Los Angeles -based design firm WET. Design director Peter Kopik explained, “It’s like the roof is pouring in and the building is getting completed in liquid form.”
If the Rain Vortex isn’t enough to attract you to have a stop at Changi Airport, perhaps the Shiseido Forest Valley will. It is spread out across five levels and reaches 100 foot high, with multiple trails for guests to explore. It’s filled with more than 900 trees and about 60,000 shrubs. Special species from China, the United States, and Australia were chosen because they’re most likely to survive the structure’s temperature, humidity (湿度), and sun exposure.
At the top of the forest is Canopy Park, where people can get different views of the Rain Vortex. There are additional gardens, activities, and restaurants to explore.
The Jewel is located near Terminal 1 in an area that used to be a parking lot. The attraction covers 1.46 million square feet. It was constructed specifically to attract more tourists to the airport and make it one of the most desirable places to kill time between flights. After all, wouldn’t you rather explore an indoor forest and waterfall for a few hours instead of sitting in a crowded airport lounge with just your smart phone for entertainment
28．What is the feature of the HSBC Rain Vortex
A．Its light and audio effects work all day long.
B．It uses rainwater collected from the roof.
C．It has a capacity of 130 shops.
D．It is the tallest waterfall in the world.
29．Why could the special plants from different regions survive in the Forest Valley
A．Because they are well attended to.
B．Because they prefer to live in tropical areas.
C．Because they could avoid the danger of extinction.
D．Because they could adapt to the environmental conditions there.
30．What was the purpose of constructing the Jewel
A．To enhance the volume of tourists.
B．To make it the most desirable place of interest.
C．To offer more convenient services to the aged.
D．To show the comprehensive national power of Singapore.
31．What’s the writer’s attitude to the Changi Airport in Singapore
A．Indifferent. B．Supportive.
C．Critical. D．Neutral.
One of the biggest concerns in science is that scientists themselves may influence the outcomes of experiments. Scientists have come up with all sorts of strategies to try to get rid of this problem.
But gathering the data and running an experiment is not the only part of the process that can go wrong. The methods chosen to analyse the data can also influence results. This point was dramatically demonstrated by two recent papers published in a journal called Surgery. Despite being based on the same data set, they drew opposite conclusions about whether using a particular piece of kit during appendix (阑尾) removal surgery reduced or increased the chances of infection.
A new paper, from a large team of researchers headed by Martin Schweinsberg, a psychologist at the European School of Management and Technology, in Berlin, helps cast some light on why. Dr Schweinsberg gathered 49 different researchers by advertising his project on social media. Each was handed a copy of a data set consisting of 3.9m words of text from nearly 8,000 comments made on Edge. org, an online forum (论坛) for chatty intellectuals.
In the end, 37 analyses were regarded sufficiently detailed to include. As it turned out, no two analysts employed exactly the same method, and none got the same result. The problem was not that any of the analyses were “wrong” in any objective sense. The differences arose because researchers chose different definitions of what they were studying, and applied different techniques.
Truth, in other words, can be a slippery customer, even for simple-sounding questions. What to do One conclusion is that experimental design is critically important. Dr Schweinsberg hopes that platforms such as Data Explained can help solve the problem as well as revealing it, by allowing scientists to specify exactly how they chose to perform their analysis, allowing those decisions to be reviewed by others. It is probably not practical, he admits, to check and re-check every result. But if many different analytical approaches point in the same direction, then scientists can be confident that their conclusion is the right one.
32．Why did the researchers get different results according to paragraph 2
A．Different methods were applied in the data analysis.
B．Some experimental techniques were unreliable.
C．Some analyses were conducted in a new way.
D．Different data were adopted randomly and indirectly.
33．Which is TRUE according to paragraphs 3 and 4
A．49 researchers were gathered to discuss an issue.
B．37 analyses were thought to employ the same method.
C．2 analyses were considered not good enough.
D．37 researchers got different results.
34．What does the underlined part “a slippery customer” refer to
A．A person who is extremely critical.
B．Someone who can’t be trusted.
C．A person who is willing to speak frankly.
D．Someone who can raise questions skillfully.
35．What can be inferred from the whole passage
A．Different results come from the same experimental design.
B．The more data are collected, the more truthful the results will be.
C．Data don’t lie, but they can lead scientists to opposite conclusions.
D．The outcomes of the experiments come from the cooperation of the scientists.
Jakson Follmann remembers the moment the plane’s engine died and everything went black. Then an intense pain, and cold rain falling on his body. Drifting in and out of consciousness, he called out for help, until he saw the beam of a flashlight shining through the wreckage of the fuselage.
It has been five years since the plane carrying Follmann and the rest of Brazilian soccer team Chapecoense Real ran out of fuel on the way to the final match of South American Cup, slamming into the mountains outside Medellin, Colombia. Seventy-one people were killed in the crash. Follmann, is one of six who survived — though he lost his right leg below the knee. “We were so excited to go play for the title. Then from one day to the next, I lost my friends and the source of my livelihood. After that, my biggest dream became something so simple: just to be able to walk again.” he said. In the half-decade since, the former goalkeeper has had to reinvent himself.
His soccer career was cut short by the crash, but he has found new life as a motivational speaker and Brazilian country singer. “As a kid, I had two big dreams. Becoming a soccer player came first. Then fate brought what it did, and now I’m living my second dream thanks to music. I had two options after the accident: sit around feeling sorry for myself, or lift my head up and face life.” he said. He chose the latter.
Follmann, who has released four country music singles, spent two months in hospital after the crash undergoing treatment for 13 fractures (骨折). By 2019, he had recovered so well that he was able to appear as a contestant on reality TV show Popstar. He didn’t just participate in the show: he won, with sertanejo songs that pulled at the audience’s heart-strings.
Follmann, for his part, says in some ways his new job is not so different from his old one. “As a soccer player, I practiced everyday. Music is no different. I want to reach people. Music can transform lives, like it transformed mine.” he said.
36．What was the reason for the air crash
A．The fuel of the plane was used up. B．It was raining and thundering heavily.
C．The pilot was out of consciousness. D．The engine failed to work without warning.
37．What did Follmann do to live an active life after the disaster
A．Took part in a live show as a judge.
B．Delivered inspiring gifts to the disabled.
C．Released some albums of country music.
D．Won the final match of South American Cup.
38．What helps Follmann go through the darkness
A．The original dream in his heart.
B．The encouragement from his family.
C．The desire to win the title of the match.
D．The company of his teammates and friends.
39．Which do you think is the best title for the passage
A．Understanding Failure B．Treat Disasters As Common Cases
C．A Crash Survivor’s Song of Hope D．A Motivational Speaker Is Shining
参考答案：
1．D
2．B
3．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三种外貌丑陋的濒危动物，以此来告诫人们关爱这些物种。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“As humans built dams in the waterways these fish need to survive, they blocked the pallid sturgeon from being able to reach its breeding grounds.”（当人类在这些鱼生存所需的水道上建造水坝时，他们阻止了这种苍白的鲟鱼到达它的繁殖地。）可知浅色鲟鱼濒临灭绝的原因是人类修建大坝，阻断了他们去育种的水路。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据第五段中“North American bats like the Northern long-eared bat are being killed right now by a disease called ‘white nose syndrome’.”（像北方长耳蝙蝠这样的北美蝙蝠现在正被一种叫做“白鼻综合症”的疾病所杀死。）可知，北美蝙蝠正被“白鼻子综合症”杀死。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“These are just three of a long list of endangered species that need our help-even if they aren’t always the ones that get the lion’s share of the spotlight. This Valentine’s Day, show some love for species like these.”（这只是需要我们帮助的一长串濒危物种中的三种——即使它们并不总是最受关注的物种。这个情人节，给这些物种一些爱吧。）可知，濒危物种还有很多，它们并没有得到应有的关注，作者呼吁人类要关爱所有的物种；由此可推知，所有的物种都同样重要。故选C项。
4．D
5．C
6．A
7．B
【导语】本文是说明文。保护自然环境需要所有人的努力。加拿大冰川国家公园和土地所有者共同制订了土地使用计划，来保护公园内的濒危物种和资源。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“This land is an important part of the habitat and migratory area in which several endangered species live.(这片土地是几种濒危物种的栖息地和迁徙区的重要组成部分)可知，它们是濒危物种的自然栖息地。 故选D项。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段“With encouragement from the park, local landowners initiated a land use planning effort to guide the future of the North Fork. The park is a partner in an inter local agreement that calls for resource-managing agencies to work together and with the more than 400 private owners in the area(在公园的鼓励下，当地的土地所有者发起了一项土地使用规划工作，以指导北福克的未来。该公园是一项跨地方协议的合作伙伴，该协议呼吁资源管理机构合作，并与该地区400多名私人业主合作)”可知，公园当局和地方土地所有者密切合作来保护资源， 因此他们的关系是“cooperative(合作性的)”。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段“A draft plan has been prepared, with objective of maintaining traditional economic uses but limiting new development that would damage park resources(已经拟定了一份计划草案，其目标是保持传统的经济用途，但限制可能破坏公园资源的新开发）”可知，为了保护自然资源和濒危物种，公园管理者限制那些会破坏资源的土地开发。故选A项。
7．主旨大意题。根据第二段“A draft plan has been prepared, with objective of maintaining traditional economic uses but limiting new development that would damage park resources(已经拟定了一份计划草案，其目标是保持传统的经济用途，但限制可能破坏公园资源的新开发)可知，为了保护冰川国家公园的濒危物种和资源，公园当局和地方土地所有者制订了限制土地使用计划。故选B项。
8．C
9．D
10．B
11．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。讲述新加坡政府打算引入波士顿动力公司(Boston Dynamics)的机器狗Spot参与疫情期间保持社交距离的宣传和管理。
8．细节理解题。综合第一段中的“Singapore is trying a new way to get its residents to stay away from each other.(新加坡正在尝试一种新的方式，让其居民彼此远离。)”和第二段的“Authorities said the four-legged robot “dog” will patrol the area and broadcast a prerecorded message to visitors to remind them of the importance of social distancing. (当局表示，这只四足机器人“狗”将在该地区巡逻，并向游客广播预先录制的信息，提醒他们保持社交距离的重要性。)”叙述，以及第三段“The new measure is an experiment to improve enforcement of social distancing throughout Singapore. (这项新措施是一项旨在改善新加坡各地保持社交距离的实验。)”可知新加坡政府引入Spot的目的是为了在疫情期间，进一步强化保持社交距离令的执行。故选C项。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段“The pilot project is put into trial use for two weeks at one park during off-peak hours.(试点项目在非高峰时段在一个公园试运行两周。)”可知Spot会在公园的非高峰时段工作。故选D项。
10．词义猜测题。根据划线短语下文中的“…almost overnight in a series of online videos several years ago, showing that it could run uphill, climb stairs or even get you a drink.(几乎在几年前的一系列在线视频中一夜之间爆红，显示它可以跑上坡，爬楼梯，甚至让你喝一杯。)”可猜测，这个机器人能做很多事情的视频应该是使得Spot一夜变得家喻户晓，结合go viral的本身意思为“病毒一样传播”可猜测该短语的意思是“网红”。故选B项。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Singapore’s government said that it had picked the model for its flexibility.(新加坡政府表示，它选择这种模式是为了提高灵活性。)”可知新加坡政府选择Spot的原因是因为它的灵活性和适应能力。故选A项。
12．A
13．B
14．C
15．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。大约两个月前，“我”搬到了西班牙的首都马德里，进行为期一年的语言助教。和之前的预想不同，“我”发现要适应西班牙的生活和文化并非一件容易的事。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第二段第三句“My expectation was that I would be eating lunch at 12:00—13:00, but most days it’s 15:30 before I eat lunch.”（我原以为我会在中午12点到13点吃午饭，但大多数时候我都是15点半才吃午饭。）可以推断出，英国人的午餐时间是12:00—13:00。故选A项。
13．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“In the UK, dinner is between 18:00 and 19:00, but now that dinner time is 21:30.”（在英国，晚餐时间是18:00到19:00，但现在晚餐时间是21:30。）以及“Eating dinner so late of course means that Spaniards go to bed so much later.”（晚饭吃得这么晚当然意味着西班牙人睡觉时间要晚得多。）可知，晚餐时间太晚会影响到西班牙人的睡觉时间。故可猜测this应该指的是晚餐时间晚。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I only realized it when I arrived in Spain. I took it for granted that queuing patiently is as the normal thing as in Britain or countries like China, Japan and America. But this definitely isn’t the case in Spain.”（我理所当然地认为耐心排队是很正常的事情，就像在英国或中国、日本和美国这样的国家一样。但西班牙的情况绝对不是这样。）可知，唯有西班牙人并不认为耐心排队等候是一件正常的事。故选C项。
15．细节理解题。通读全文可知，文章从四个方面介绍了西班牙与英国的文化差异，即：用餐时间，睡觉习惯，排队情况及食物四个方面。故选B项。
16．C
17．D
18．B
19．B
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述一项研究结果：放学后花更多的时间在课外活动上并且在看电视上的时间少于2个小时的学生的心理更加健康。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段“After that, researchers asked students to describe their state of mind.(在那之后，研究者们要求学生们描述他们的心理状态。)”可知，学生们描述心理状态是最后一步。故选C。
17．推理判断题。根据第三段“Students with no after-school activities usually had high levels of screen time, for example. And they expected girls would score higher on negative indicators (指标) of mental health, as previous research had discovered that they tended to have higher levels of anxiety compared to boys.(比如，没有课后活动的学生们经常会有更长的时间面对屏幕。并且他们预料到女孩子们在心理健康的消极指标上得分更高，正如以前的研究发现的那样，相对比男孩来说，她们趋向于更加的焦虑。)”可知，长时间面对屏幕对女孩子们的心理健康有很大的影响。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据第四段“Together, this indicates high screen time among teenagers generally.(总之，长时间面对屏幕在青少年之间是很常见的。)”可知，在第四段作者用那些数字是为了表明长时间面对电视屏幕的情况在青少年之间是很常见的。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据最后一段“While past studies have proved the importance of after-school activities for social and academic development, the present study highlights their importance for good mental health results.(尽管以前的研究已经证明课后活动对社会和学术的发展的重要性，而现在的研究强调了它们对于好的心理健康结果的重要性。)”可知，新的研究表明，课后活动对提高青少年的心理健康很重要。故选B。
20．B
21．A
22．C
23．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过作者的亲身经历讲述了三条轻松旅行的建议，第一是再三确认时间再出发，第二是随身携带当地货币，第三是充分了解当地天气情况。
20．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Once I arrived at a place at midnight and the bank at the airport was closed. The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi and because I had no dollars, I offered to pay in pounds instead. ‘Listen! I only take real money!’ the driver said angrily.(有一次我在午夜到达一个地方，机场的银行关门了。我去酒店的唯一办法是乘出租车，因为我身上没有美元，所以我提出用英镑支付。“听着!我只收真钱!”司机生气地说。)”可知，作者到达目的地机场后，没能进行货币兑换，司机无法接受英镑支付。因此可知，作者不能给“真钱”，即，当地的钱，使司机生气。故选B项。
21．词义猜测题。根据前文“The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi and because I had no dollars, I offered to pay in pounds instead. ‘Listen! I only take real money!’ the driver said angrily. Luckily I was able to borrow a few dollars from a clerk at the hotel…(我去酒店的唯一办法是乘出租车，因为我身上没有美元，所以我提出用英镑支付。“听!”我只收真钱!司机生气地说。幸运的是，我从旅馆的一个职员那里借到了几美元……)”可知，作者用英镑支付，出租车司机却不接受，只好向酒店的职员借钱支付车费，由此可推知“but it was embarrassing”讲述作者的处境很尴尬，因此，“embarrassing”应是“尴尬的”含义，与选项A“awkward(令人尴尬的，使人难堪的)”表达含义一致。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容“The third and last rule is to find out as much as you can about the weather at your destination before you leave.(第三条也是最后一条规则是在出发前尽可能多地了解目的地的天气情况。)”可知，应该尽可能多的了解目的地的天气情况。C项“You should know more about the weather of the place you’ll visit.(你应该多了解一下你要去的地方的天气。)”表述正确。故选C项。
23．主旨大意题。文章首段内容“If you’re planning on travelling, there are a few simple rules about how to make life easier both before and after your journey.(如果你正在计划旅行，有一些简单的规则可以让你在旅行前后的生活更轻松。)”揭示了文章主旨，即，作者想要通过自己的亲身经历介绍了一些使旅行更加轻松的简单规则。故选B项。
24．C
25．C
26．D
27．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中午小憩一会儿的重要性及最佳时间。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段第六、七句“At that time – about eight hours after you wake up – your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy.(那时，大约在你醒来后8小时，你的体温会下降。这会让你慢下来，感到困倦。)”可知，人们在下午早些时候瞌睡的原因是体温下降。故选C项。
25．细节理解题。根据最后一段第四句“Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up.( 记住，午睡的最佳时间是起床后8小时左右。)”可知，如果早晨6:30起床，那么最佳午睡时间是8小时后，即14:30（下午2:30）左右。故选C项。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Many working people, unfortunately, have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps, employers do not allow it!(不幸的是，许多上班族没有时间午睡。虽然医生可能建议小睡，但雇主不允许！)”可知雇主不让员工午睡的原因是午睡会占用工作时间，进而影响工作效率。故选D项。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其最后一段最后一句“If you do not have enough time, try a short nap – even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful.( 如果你没有足够的时间，试着小睡一会儿——即使是十分钟的睡眠也会有帮助。)”可知文章主要说明了午睡的重要性。B项“小睡一会儿”作为标题，可以概括全文主旨。故选B项。
28．B
29．D
30．A
31．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新加坡的樟宜机场可能是世界上最“自然”的机场了，把瀑布和热带雨林都搬进了机场，不仅为乘客提供了最佳候机体验，还带动了新加坡的旅游经济。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The 130-foot-tall waterfall uses rainwater that drops seven stories down from the roof. When the water hits the floor, it travels through a large funnel (漏斗), creating an inverted (倒转的) waterfall for two levels in the airport located below the ground level.(这座130英尺高的瀑布利用雨水从屋顶上滴下七层楼。当水撞击地面时，它通过一个大漏斗，在机场地面以下的两层形成一个倒流瀑布)”可知，HSBC Rain Vortex的特色为它包括了一个室内瀑布，这些瀑布的水是通过收集屋顶的雨水得来的。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段中“It’s filled with more than 900 trees and about 60,000 shrubs. Special species from China, the United States, and Australia were chosen because they’re most likely to survive the structure’s temperature, humidity (湿度), and sun exposure.(这里有900多棵树和约60000棵灌木。选择了来自中国、美国和澳大利亚的特殊物种，因为它们最有可能在结构的温度、湿度和阳光照射下存活)”可知，Forest Valley大约有900棵树和60000种灌木，很多特殊树种来自中国、美国及澳大利亚，它们能够在森林谷生存，主要原因是由于整个区域有适宜的温度、湿度及阳光，这些植物可以适应那里的环境条件，故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The attraction covers 1.46 million square feet. It was constructed specifically to attract more tourists to the airport and make it one of the most desirable places to kill time between flights.(该景点占地146万平方英尺。它的建造是为了吸引更多的游客来机场，并使其成为最理想的消磨航班间隔时间的地方之一)”可推知，建造the Jewel的目的是吸引并增加游客量。故选A。
31．观点态度题。根据第一段中“But if you happen to have a stop at Changi Airport in Singapore, you’re in for a wonderful treat.(但是如果你恰好在Changi Airport停留，你会得到一个很好的款待。)”以及全文可知，作者以积极的态度对新加坡樟宜机场做了介绍，描述了其优点及好处。故选B。
32．A
33．D
34．B
35．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了数据不会说谎，但却会导致科学家得出相反的结论。
32．细节理解题。从文章第二段的第一句话“But gathering the data and running an experiment is not the only part of the process that can go wrong. The methods chosen to analyse the data can also influence results. (但是收集数据和进行实验并不是这个过程中唯一可能出错的部分。选择分析数据的方法也会影响结果)”可知，不仅收集数据和操作实验有可能出错，选择何种方式来做数据分析同样也有可能影响实验的结果。故选A。
33．细节理解题。从第三段和第四段内容可知，Dr Schweinsberg通过社交媒体召集了49位研究者参与实验研究，37份分析材料被认为详实有用。但其中没有任何两份分析采用了同样的方法，所有分析材料获得的结果都不相同。D选项“37 researchers got different results.(37位研究者得到不同结果)”和原文相符。故选D。
34．词句猜测题。第五段“Truth, in other words, can be a slippery customer, even for simple-sounding questions. (换句话说，真理可能是一个狡猾的顾客，即使是听起来很简单的问题) ”中的关键词even说明前后呈转折含义，由此可推测划线部分表示负面内容。结合上下文，此句作者指出真相有可能是假象，即使是一些听起来很简单的问题。B选项“Someone who can’t be trusted (一个不能被信任的人)”符合题意。故选B。
35．推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段的第一句话“But gathering the data and running an experiment is not the only part of the process that can go wrong. The methods chosen to analyse the data can also influence results. (但是收集数据和进行实验并不是这个过程中唯一可能出错的部分。选择分析数据的方法也会影响结果)”以及最后一段的分析可知，文章主要介绍了数据不会说谎，但却会导致科学家们得出相反的结论。故选C。
36．A
37．C
38．A
39．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了巴西足球运动员福尔曼在遭遇空难后失去了右腿，但他以积极态度面对人生，继续追求自己的第二梦想——音乐，并取得成功。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“It has been five years since the plane carrying Follmann and the rest of Brazilian soccer team Chapecoense Real ran out of fuel on the way to the final match of South American Cup, slamming into the mountains outside Medellin, Colombia.(5年前，福尔曼和巴西沙佩科恩斯皇家足球队的其他队员乘坐的飞机在前往南美杯决赛的途中燃料耗尽，撞入哥伦比亚麦德林市外的山区)”可知，飞机坠毁是燃油耗尽导致的，ran out of fuel表示“燃油耗尽”。故选A项。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Then fate brought what it did, and now I’m living my second dream thanks to music.(命运安排了一切，多亏了音乐，现在我实现了我的第二个梦想)”和第四段的句子“Follmann, who has released four country music singles, spent two months in hospital after the crash undergoing treatment for 13 fractures(福尔曼已经发布了四首乡村音乐单曲，空难后在医院住了两个月，接受了13处骨折的治疗)”可知，福尔曼在空难后找到新的人生角色，作为乡村音乐歌手，他发行了一些乡村音乐的专辑。故选C项。
3. 细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“As a kid, I had two big dreams. Becoming a soccer player came first. Then fate brought what it did, and now I’m living my second dream thanks to music.(小时候，我有两个大梦想。 首先是成为一名足球运动员。命运安排了一切，多亏了音乐，现在我实现了我的第二个梦想)”可知，主人公谈到自己儿时有两个梦想，空难之后，他心中最初的音乐梦想让他重新勇敢面对生活。故选A项。
4. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，这篇文章主要介绍了巴西足球运动员福尔曼在遭遇空难后失去了右腿，但他以积极态度面对人生，继续追求自己的第二梦想——音乐，并取得成功。因此C项“空难幸存者的希望之歌”最适合作本文的标题。故选C项。阅读理解
“A photograph that one has taken of oneself, typically with a smart phone or webcam and uploaded to a social media website.” This is the definition(定义) of the word “selfie” in the Oxford English Dictionary. In fact, it wasn’t even in the dictionary until August, 2013. It earned its place there because people are now so obsessed(着迷) with selfies—we take them when we try on a new hat, play with our pets or when we meet a friend whom we haven’t seen in a while.
But does this obsession actually make sense Is there any scientific explanation for it Well, you should probably ask James Kilner, a neuroscientist at University College London.
Through our lifetime we become experts at recognizing and interpreting other people’s faces and facial expressions. In contrast, according to Kilner, we have a very poor understanding of our own faces since we have little experience of looking at them—we just feel them most of the time.
This has been proved in previous studies in which participants were shown images of themselves and asked to match their facial expressions in the pictures. In most cases, they failed to accurately produce the same facial expressions without being able to see themselves in the mirror, according to BBC．
To further test how we actually sense our own faces, Kilner carried out another study. He showed people different versions(版本) of their own image—the original which had been edited to look less attractive and one that was made more attractive—and asked them to pick the version which they thought looked most like them. Kilner found that most people chose the more attractive picture. This suggests that we tend to think of ourselves as better-looking than we actually are.
But what does it say about selfies Well, isn’t that obvious Selfies give us the power to create a photograph—by taking it from various angles, with different poses, using filters(滤镜) and so on—that better matches our expectations with our actual faces.
“You suddenly have control in a way that you don’t have in non-virtual(非虚拟的) interactions,” Kilner told the Canada-based CTA News. Selfies allow you “to keep taking pictures until you manage to take one you’re happy with”, he explained.
1．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Taking selfies. B．The addiction to selfies.
C．The history of selfie. D．The rise of selfie.
2．What can we learn from Kilner’s studies
A．We can know about our own faces well.
B．We tend to recognize our own faces easily.
C．We become poor at reading others’facial expressions.
D．We believe we have better images than we actually do.
3．What is the real reason behind taking selfies
A．It enables them to improve their skill of taking a photograph.
B．It meets their needs to know their own faces better.
C．It makes them possible to reach their expectation.
D．It offers them a way to control the virtual world.
4．What might be the best title of the passage
A．What Is Selfie B．Selfie Beautify Yourself
C．How Do People Take Selfies D．Selfies Improve Your Confidence
For people suffering from depression (抑郁), there’s an all-natural treatment they should use—getting more exercise. It could help fight depression, even if people have a genetic risk, new research shows.
For the study, researchers collected information from nearly 8,000 people and found those with related genes (基因) were more likely to have depression over the next two years after examining them. But that was less likely for people who were more active at the study’s start, even if they had a family history of depression. Higher levels of physical activity helped protect even those with the highest genetic risk of depression.
Both high-intensity (高强度) exercise and low-intensity activities were associated with a reduced risk of depression. Adding four hours of exercise a week could lower the risk of a new episode (一段经历) of depression by 17%, according to the study. “Our findings strongly suggest that, when it comes to depression, being physically active has the potential to remove the added risk of future episodes in individuals who are genetically risky,” said lead author Karmel Choi. “On average, about 35 additional minutes of physical activity each day may help people to reduce their risk and protect against future depression episodes.”
Depression is a common mental illness globally, with more than 264 million people affected. “Depression is so ubiquitous, and that underlines the need for effective approaches that can impact as many people as possible,” Choi said. And mental health and primary care providers can use the findings to advise patients that there’s something meaningful they can do to lower their risk of depression.
5．How did the researchers reach their conclusion
A．By analyzing a mass of data.
B．By conducting genetic research.
C．By comparing various levels of activity.
D．By tracking the subjects for many years.
6．What does the study show about depression
A．Physical activity betters medical treatment.
B．Exercise may decrease and prevent it.
C．Different levels of exercise intensity matter the same.
D．Exercising 35 minutes daily is the most effective treatment.
7．What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Simple. B．Complex. C．Unusual. D．Common.
8．What is the purpose of the text
A．To discuss a disease. B．To introduce a scientific study.
C．To analyze a genetic risk. D．To explain a phenomenon.
It’s still there, the Vietnamese school where my brother and I used to go. Even with a new coat of paint and the high wire fence, the school I knew ten years ago remains the same.
Every day at 5 p.m., instead of flying kites with our friends, my brother and I had to go to Vietnamese school. Nothing could stop my determined mother to have us learn the language of our culture. She held us by the collar and walked with us from our home to school, leaving our tearful faces before the front of the school.
Although the school mainly taught language, the lessons always began with an exercise in politeness. With the entrance of the teacher, the best student would tap a bell and everyone would get up, and say in Vietnamese, “How are you, teacher ”
The language always made me embarrassed. More often than not, I have tried to separate myself from the loud voice that followed me whenever I went to the American supermarket outside our area. The voice belonged to my grandmother, a small old woman whose Vietnamese was quick, loud, but not beautiful. I did not want to be seen speaking Vietnamese with her and thought of as talking stupid.
When I spoke English, people nodded at me, smiled and encouraged me. My brother was even stricter than I about speaking English. He was especially cruel towards my mother, scolding her for her poor English. Bits of Vietnamese were often mixed in her conversation.
After two years of struggle, I finally divorced my culture. I was permitted to stop Vietnamese school. I thought of myself as American. At last, I thought I was one of you; I wasn’t one of them.
Sadly, I am only an American.
9．What can we learn from the passage
A．The author’s brother helped mother with her English.
B．The author’s mother taught him English at home.
C．The author didn’t like learning Vietnamese when he was young.
D．The author’s mother put her sons in a language school in Vietnam.
10．Why did the author want to learn English
A．The author would get recognized when speaking English.
B．The author’s brother is strict about speaking English.
C．It was the wish of the author’s mother.
D．The author’s nationality is American.
11．What might be the author’s feeling now
A．scared B．peaceful C．satisfied D．regretful
12．What message does the author want to convey(表达) through the passage
A．It is difficult to adapt to a new environment.
B．It is important to appreciate your own culture.
C．It is important to remember your childhood.
D．It is difficult to learn a foreign language.
“Why do you have 9,632 emails in your inbox (收件箱) ”
I looked at my husband,“Um...is that a lot How many are in your inbox ”
“About twenty,” he replied. I looked at my inbox. There were emails I had meant to deal with; emails from customers and the kids’ schools with information I needed; there were time-sensitive offers I’d never got around to investigating; endless updates from the social media platforms I subscribed to, and the rest I had kept just in case.
I realized that I had become an email hoarder (囤积者). I clearly had a problem and I needed to act. I paused my work and began to delete unwanted emails. An hour later I made little progress.
“Just delete the whole lot,” my husband strongly suggested.
Could I do that It was appealing. But I paused. I couldn’t. I did have a problem! Then I decided to compromise. I kept the last month’s emails and deleted everything else. I looked at my almost empty inbox. Wow, it felt so good.
To be honest, I feel genuine anxiety about deleting emails, FOMO (错失恐惧症) is a real problem for many people like me with email issues. So many emails are “offers”. What if that amazing offer never comes up again But the fact is that they do...frequently. What’s more,these great offers are often time-sensitive and so we hang on to them “just in case”, then miss the deadline anyway and still don’t delete them.
I found it useful to limit my emails to 50 and I use an email system which ensures all school emails go into a separate inbox, so I can see at a glance when “Dress like a Roman” day or “Bring an onion to school” day (yes really) is coming up! I feel more in control and organized now. I’m on top of my inbox. Now I’m off to handle the cupboard under the stairs!
13．What was the author’s immediate reaction to her husband’s suggestion
A．She approved of it. B．She felt annoyed at it.
C．She hesitated about it. D．She was astonished at it.
14．What led to the author’s anxiety about deleting emails
A．The deadline that she forgot to meet.
B．The fact that she liked keeping emails.
C．The offer that she might never give.
D．The fear that she would miss out something.
15．What does the author do with her inbox at last
A．Adopt an email system to classify all emails.
B．Separate unwanted emails into a new inbox.
C．Reply to school emails as soon as possible.
D．Set a restriction to the number of emails.
16．What is the text mainly about
A．How the author became an email hoarder.
B．How the author takes her inbox in hand.
C．Why FOMO is a real problem.
D．Why emails turned out to be a headache.
This fall, students at the University of Massachusetts found a new menu at their dining commons: the “diet for a cooler planet” menu. This meant herb-roasted lamb, raised with a carbon-friendly approach. It included sweet potatoes that had been picked from a local farm’s field post-harvest. The options were plant-heavy, locally grown, and involved little to no packaging.
“We wanted to let students participate in climate action by making choices about their food,” says Kathy Wicks, sustainability director for UMass Dining. The university is not alone in this effort. Increasingly, American consumers and institutions are thinking about how their food choices factor into climate change. For many, small choices at the grocery store, dining hall, and restaurant can feel more accessible than big-ticket options like buying a fuel-efficient car or installing home solar panels.
Small changes in dietary habits may make a big difference. Climate activists often target fossil fuels and transportation systems, but studies point to the food system as a significant contributor to global warming. According to Project Drawdown, a research organization that evaluates climate solutions, the way food is grown, transported, and consumed accounts for about a quarter of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions. Beef is a regular target. “If, on average, Americans cut a quarter pound of beef per week from their diet, it’s like taking 10 million cars off the road a year,” says Sujatha Bergen, director of health campaigns for the Natural Resources Defense Council. Food waste ranks third among climate solutions. While much waste occurs before consumers are involved-food left on the field or “chucked” because it does not fit appearance standards, Americans also throw out a lot of food they have purchased: about $1,600 worth a year per family of four.
“People are beginning to understand that their food choices make a big impact on climate,” says Megan Larmer, director of regional food at the Glynwood Center for Regional Food and Farming in New York. But, she cautions substantial change will need to come from the whole food system.
17．What is the purpose of the new menu at the University of Massachusetts
A．To market the cold dishes.
B．To reduce the cost of packaging.
C．To popularize the plant-heavy diet.
D．To promote low carbon awareness.
18．What can be inferred from Paragraph 2
A．Food is a decisive factor for climate change.
B．Food choices matter much to global warming.
C．Universities are working together in climate action.
D．Fuel-efficient cars are not affordable for consumers.
19．What does Sujatha Bergen say about beef
A．It has great influence on carbon reduction.
B．It is popular among millions of car drivers.
C．It has a close relationship with gas emission.
D．It plays a significant role in American’s diet.
20．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Food System Reform: A Successful Trial
B．Global Warming: An Approaching Danger
C．Carbon Emission: A Killer, or Healer
D．Low Carbon Diet: A Craze, or More
If you are ready to take your water adventures, the touring kayak (皮艇) may be for you. Check out our new Spring Group Kayaking Tour and join us for some fresh air and exercise!
Group Kayak Fitness
Suitable for experienced paddlers only. The kayak is bigger than the ordinary one to suit for the open waters. It also features other parts that will make your travels easier and safer. Coffee tea is not currently provided, but you can certainly bring your own in a reusable cup! $90 per class with a 10% discount for group booking.
Please email Laura@.au for details on how to purchase a 10 class pass.
Social Paddle
Suitable for all levels of fitness. Many people like to team up and go kayaking for several days in group. It is safe if you travel in numbers, because the kayak is designed heavier and larger, it could be very difficult to turn over. This two-day tour enables you to enjoy a night by an open fire and combine some other hobbies such as photographing and bird watching. But remember to carry all the necessary equipment needed to make your trip a safe and exciting one. $160 per class.
Please email Susan@.au for details on how to purchase a 10 class pass.
Clean-up Kayak Tour
Suitable for all levels of fitness. This two-mile round-trip paddle is a chance to explore the Lavender Bay and experience the wildlife while the site is closed to the public. It is a great way to try kayaking, get outside for some gentle exercise and help the surroundings at the same time. $50 per tour.
Please email Jenny@.au for details on how to purchase a 10 class pass.
Sunrise Kayak and Coffee
Suitable for beginners. It’s perfect for those who are fairly new to kayaking, as well as more experienced kayakers who enjoy and appreciate the calmness of the early mornings and a good coffee. Paddlers will experience a unique side to Sydney Harbour and learn some of the history of Sydney. Lots of tourist stops for photos and stories are waiting for you. $145 per person, per tour.
Please email Anna@.au for details.
21．Which tour is suitable for people who are concerned about the environment
A．Group Kayak Fitness.
B．Social Paddle.
C．Clean-up Kayak Tour.
D．Sunrise Kayak and Coffee.
22．What makes Social Paddle different from other tours
A．Group booking can have a discount.
B．It is suitable for inexperienced paddlers.
C．Lavender Bay is one of the stops in this tour.
D．The paddlers can enjoy overnight gatherings.
23．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A geographic magazine
B．A historical book
C．A travel brochure
D．An adventure fiction
I’ve tried a bunch of strategies to increase my intelligence. I’ve made flashcards to memorize words. I’ve subscribed to daily crosswords. What did I get for it Average scores on standardized tests. A lot of unfinished puzzles. But I can’t say any of those strategies made me noticeably smarter.
Paul, a biology and social science writer, challenges us to rethink what we think about thinking. Our assumption that intelligence solely exists within the isolated organism of brain leaves us flummoxed by paradoxes like this one: how London resident Ben Pridmore can remember the order of 1,400 randomly shuffled playing cards but can’t remember his friends’ birth dates. Our bodies, our social networks and our surroundings, she argues, are “extra-neural” inputs that have a profound influence on cognition (认知).
To illustrate the impact of physical spaces on cognition, Paul tells the story of Montaigne, a 16th century thinker who might have been the first to design a man cave and style it in ways to promote deep thought. She shares reflections on the transformative effect on mental well-being of the 150-foot ceilings in ancient Roman public baths, and the reasons why the large stone pillars (柱子) of the Salk Institute can foster expansive thinking.
She couples the experiences of Daniel Kahneman with contemporary neuroscientific studies to explain the benefits of physical movement for cognitive focus and memory. She uses this work to convincingly highlight how the daily routine at school—with its relative shortage of leisure time—is a drawback to the development of children’s attention span.
Paul does not offer do’s and don’ts for designing childhood education centers. She does not advise directly on how to prepare for a public address at a board meeting. However, the diverse and deeply researched information she presents about the impact of atmosphere, our bodies and the people around us on our thought process can certainly be translated into that. Our minds are bigger than our brains, and if we embrace that fact, there’s so much more we can accomplish.
24．How does the author introduce the topic in paragraph 1
A．By listing examples.
B．By presenting a setting.
C．By providing evidence.
D．By sharing the experience.
25．What does the underlined word “flummoxed” mean in Paragraph2？
A．Confused. B．Influenced. C．Impressed. D．Attracted.
26．What does Paul find about influential factors on cognition
A．Large stone pillars are helpful to develop critical mind.
B．Lack of rest could do harm to the cognitive development.
C．Learning from great minds helps to facilitate deep thought.
D．Good childhood academic education well promote cognitive focus.
27．Which of the following might Paul agree with
A．More public speeches at meetings are helpful.
B．Brain training is not equal to intelligence development.
C．Thought process can be changed into diverse information.
D．Intelligence is best cultivated in childhood education centers.
Have you ever wondered if you see the same colours as other people Most people know what blue is when they see it. They call it “blue” because they were taught the word and connected it with what they saw. But how do you know what you see as blue isn’t someone else’s red
The ability to perceive(感知)different colours is up to receptors(接受器)in our eyes. Light waves hit these receptors and they react depending on which colour the light is, sending signals to the brain. The brain then reads these signals to determine which colour light the eyes are receiving.
Some people’s receptors are more developed than others. The inability of the receptor to feel the light waves correctly means that some people cannot tell the differences between similar colours. Those with more developed receptors can see more colours. We sometimes hear people having an argument about whether something is dark blue or black. It might be because one person has stronger receptors to feel the light than another.
In the past, most scientists would argue that everyone saw colours in the same way. However, research was conducted on monkeys, in which their receptors were changed. This enabled them to see more colours than usual. Normally monkeys can only see blue and green,but the change allowed them to see red. Their brains automatically got used to new colours. This suggests that our brains may find new colors of the things we see. Colours could be a very personal experience,unique to everyone.
So, the next time you talk about your favourite colour, just remember if yours is blue and your friend says red, you two might actually be thinking about the same colour. What if everyone in the world has the same favourite colour, but just calls it different names
28．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．How we perceive colours.
B．The inability to see colours.
C．What the brain does with signals.
D．The connection between receptors and light waves.
29．Which of the following might the author agree with
A．Some people cannot feel colours with their developed receptors.
B．The more light people feel, the weaker receptors they have.
C．People with poor receptors usually have colour weakness.
D．People who have strong receptors can see dark blue.
30．What’s the purpose of conducting the research on monkeys
A．To test the monkeys with colours.
B．To develop the receptors of humans.
C．To enable monkeys to find more colors.
D．To prove everyone sees colours in a different way.
31．Where does the text probably come from
A．A film review. B．A science magazine.
C．An art journal. D．A science fiction
Some events have been added to the 2024 Olympics, with breakdancing and sport climbing among the recent additions. With them come a group of terms that are foreign to the French language. For some French-language purists, it’s too much to bear to rely on English to praise surfers on their “noseriding”— standing on the front of the board. They’ve decided they need a French solution.
The French government has created a team of language experts devoted to promoting the national language. They will meet periodically over the next couple of years to identify and define new sports terms. The French battle against the influence of other languages isn’t new. In 1994, the Toubon law was passed, forcing the use of French in ail government publications, contracts and advertisements. Yet it contained several loopholes, which allow brands and companies to extensively use English. As a result, anglicisms are becoming more obvious.
Julie Neveux, linguistics professor at Sorbonne University in Paris, said anglicisms are “sometimes estimated at just under 5% of the present vocabulary, but they are disturbing because they show that we follow an economic and cultural model other than our own.” They are particularly present in sports competitions and events, during which athletes from around the world are used to communicating in English. “Sport was one of the first areas to be globalized,” said sports historian Michael Attali, “This phenomenon has strengthened English as the official language.”
Despite their best efforts, no committee has successfully prevented English from infiltrating everyday language. By the time French officials agreed on a translation and its definition, the English version has already spread throughout the nation. “Similar committees have been put in place in the past, but nothing has changed so far,” said Attali.
“There are far fewer anglicisms in French than there are French words in English.” said Neveux. Adding these exchanges should not be seen as a threat. “All living languages exist by borrowing from each other. Languages only exist thanks to their impurity.”
32．What will a team of language experts do
A．Promote the spread of French in the world.
B．Decide upon some new sports terms.
C．Bring English and French together.
D．Make French much purer.
33．What’s the result of previous efforts to stop English from infiltrating French
A．Fruitless. B．Successful. C．Unimportant. D．Unmentioned.
34．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．English is more popular than French.
B．All languages should be preserved.
C．The exchanges between two languages can be avoided.
D．Neveux is positive about the impurity of language.
In this period of anxiety about the size of our waists and what we consume, simple dietary rules are appealing.“Eat like our ancestors”is a particularly catchy slogan (口号) to live by.
But who are these ancestors we are supposed to follow Are they our great-great-grandparents, cooking healthy things Or are they hairy animals we imagine “cavemen“ to be The popular ancient diet blames modern health problems on the birth of agriculture, claiming that we should stick to eating meat, nuts and berries.
This kind of stone age trend is based on the false assumption that palaeolithic (旧石器时代的) peoples all ate the same food, regardless of their location. Nevertheless, England’s 9,000-year-old Cheddar Man would not have eaten the same foods as his contemporaries on the Kenyan plain. The amount of meat peoples ate, and how much was obtained by hunting, are also up for debate.
Moreover, the stone age trend is focused on what’s perceived to be good for our bodies, without any concern for the rest of nature, including other humans whose livelihoods are threatened by western overconsumption. Were I to eat like my Punjabi farming great-grandparents, my diet would be based on the wheat and milk products that people in the Punjab have relied on for probably at least the last two thousand years. But delicious and “original” as it might be for me to follow its lead, the morals of industrially farmed milk products in the 21st century make the situation more confusing and complicated.
Now, probably more than ever before, what we eat connects us to the fate of other beings, human and non-human, and to the fate of our planet. A dogmatic (武断的) approach to this would be a mistake. Better to preserve what’s worth keeping and remain clear-eyed about our cooking past, much of which is unknowable, immoral and impossible to follow in any case.
35．What does the text concern
A．An ancient study.
B．An immoral case.
C．A balanced diet.
D．A popular belief.
36．Why does the author mention Cheddar Man in paragraph 3
A．To illustrate an opinion.
B．To present a fact.
C．To clarify a concept.
D．To introduce a theory.
37．What does the author focus on in paragraph 4
A．The eating behavior of our great-grandparents.
B．The connection between food choice and nature.
C．The relationship among eating,hunting and farming.
D．The impact of food overconsumption on the environment.
38．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Punjabi diet:popular again
B．Should we eat like our ancestors
C．Is the fate of the planet in our hands
D．Our cooking past:a complicated history
参考答案：
1．B
2．D
3．C
4．B
【导语】本文是篇说明文。随着越来越多的人开始喜欢自拍，英文单词“selfie”也被纳入了牛津英语词典。文章通过一些实验和研究，讲述了人们喜爱自拍的原因以及自拍对人们产生的意义。
1．词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“ Is there any scientific explanation for it ”（对它什么科学解释吗 ）可知，“it”应该指前文所提到的事物。根据上一句“But does this obsession actually make sense ”（但这种痴迷真的有意义吗 ）可以判断，“it”应该指“this obession”，意为：这种痴迷；结合第一段“because people are now so obsessed(着迷) with selfies”可知，这是对自拍的着迷和上瘾。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第五段“This suggests that we tend to think of ourselves as better-looking than we actually are.”（这表明，我们往往认为自己比实际上要更好看。）可知，Kilner的研究发现我们都相信自己比真实的自己要有更好的形象。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Selfies allow you “to keep taking pictures until you manage to take one you’re happy with””（自拍可以让你“不停地拍照，直到拍出一张自己满意的照片”。）可知，自拍可以使人们有机会达到自己的期望。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。根据第五段“This suggests that we tend to think of ourselves as better-looking than we actually are.”（这表明，我们往往认为自己比实际上要更好看。）、第六段“Selfies give us the power to create a photograph—by taking it from various angles, with different poses, using filters(滤镜) and so on—that better matches our expectations with our actual faces.”（自拍给了我们创造照片的能力—通过从不同的角度、不同的姿势、使用滤镜等等—使我们的期望与我们的真实面孔更好地匹配。）和最后一段“Selfies allow you “to keep taking pictures until you manage to take one you’re happy with””（自拍可以让你“不停地拍照，直到拍出一张自己满意的照片”。），并结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲了自拍可以让人们拍出比真实的自己更好看的照片，从而达到人们对自己形象的期望；即自拍可以美化自己，让自己变美。故选B。
5．A
6．B
7．D
8．B
【导语】本文为说明文，主要介绍了一项关于锻炼有助于减少和预防抑郁症的研究。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中“For the study, researchers collected information from nearly 8,000 people and found those with related genes (基因) were more likely to have depression over the next two years after examining them(在这项研究中，研究人员从近8000人身上收集了信息，并在对这些人进行检查后发现，在接下来的两年里，拥有相关基因的人更容易患抑郁症)”可知，研究者们收集和研究了近8000人的信息，由此可推知，他们是通过分析大量资料得出结论的，故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Our findings strongly suggest that, when it comes to depression, being physically active has the potential to remove the added risk of future episodes in individuals who are genetically risky(我们的研究结果有力地表明，当涉及到抑郁症时，身体活动有可能消除遗传风险个体未来发作的额外风险)”和“On average, about 35 additional minutes of physical activity each day may help people to reduce their risk and protect against future depression episodes(平均而言，每天大约增加35分钟的身体活动可以帮助人们降低风险，并预防未来的抑郁症发作)”可知，研究表明体育锻炼可以帮助人们降低患抑郁症的风险并防止未来抑郁症的发作，故选B项。
7．词义猜测题。根据前文“Depression is a common mental illness globally, with more than 264 million people affected(抑郁症是全球常见的精神疾病，受影响的人数超过2.64亿)”和下文“and that underlines the need for effective approaches that can impact as many people as possible(这突出表明需要采取能够影响尽可能多的人的有效方法)”可知，此处强调抑郁症的普遍性，由此推测划线词的意思是“常见的，普通的”，故选D项。
8．推理判断题。纵观全文，尤其是第一段中“It could help fight depression, even if people have a genetic risk, new research shows.(新的研究表明，即使人们有基因风险，它也可以帮助对抗抑郁症。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项关于锻炼有助于减少和预防抑郁症的研究，由此可推知，文章的写作目的是介绍一项科学研究。故选B项。
9．C
10．A
11．D
12．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对往事的一段回忆，表达了作者深深的遗憾之情。小时候作者被母亲强制着去学习自己的母语——越南语。但是作者却以说越南语为耻，希望自己是一个真正的美国人。但是长大后作者对自己文化的缺乏而感到深深的遗憾。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She held us by the collar and walked with us from our home to school, leaving our tearful faces before the front of the school. (她拉着我们的衣领，带着我们从家走到学校，留下我们泪流满面地站在学校门前)”以及第四段“The language always made me embarrassed. (这种语言总是让我尴尬)”可推知，作者年轻时不喜欢学越南语。故选C项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The language always made me embarrassed. (越南语总是让我感到尴尬。)”以及第五段“When I spoke English, people nodded at me, smiled and encouraged me.(当我说英语时，人们向我点头，微笑并鼓励我。)”可知越南语让我觉得尴尬，而当作者讲英语时可以得到人们的认可和鼓励，所以作者想学英语。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Sadly, I am only an American. (可悲的是，我只是一个美国人)”以及其中的“Sadly”和“only”两个词可以推断出作者感觉很遗憾。故选D项。
12．推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章倒数第二段“I thought of myself as American. At last, I thought I was one of you; I wasn’t one of them. (我认为自己是美国人。最后，我以为我是你们中的一员；我不是他们中的一员)”以及最后一段“Sadly, I am only an American. (可悲的是，我只是一个美国人)”可推知，本文讲述了作者小时候母亲强迫他去学自己的母语，但是当作者最终可以如愿以偿地放弃学习自己的母语后，他又感到了深深的遗憾和后悔。由此可知，通过本文作者想要表达的是——欣赏自己的文化很重要。故选B项。
13．C
14．D
15．D
16．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者处理并控制收件箱的过程。
13．细节理解题。根据第六段中“Could I do that It was appealing. But I paused. I couldn’t. I did have a problem! Then I decided to compromise. (我可以这样做吗？这很吸引人。但我停顿了一下。我不能。我确实犯难！然后我决定折中)”可知，作者对丈夫建议的第一反应是犹豫不决。故选C项。
14．细节理解题。根据第七段中“To be honest, I feel genuine anxiety about deleting emails, FOMO (错失恐惧症) is a real problem for many people like me with email issues. So many emails are ‘offers’. What if that amazing offer never comes up again (说实话，我真的对删除邮件感到焦虑，对于很多像我这样有邮件问题的人来说，错失恐惧症是一个真正的问题。很多邮件都是‘主动提供的’。如果那个惊人的工作机会再也没有了怎么办？)”可知，作者是害怕会错过一些东西而导致对删除邮件感到焦虑。故选D项。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I found it useful to limit my emails to 50 and I use an email system which ensures all school emails go into a separate inbox, so I can see at a glance when ‘Dress like a Roman’ day or ‘Bring an onion to school’ day (yes really) is coming up! (我发现把我的电子邮件限制在50封很有用，我使用的电子邮件系统可以确保所有学校的电子邮件都放在一个单独的收件箱里，所以我可以一眼看到‘穿得像罗马人’日或‘带洋葱到学校’(是的，真地)即将到来！)”可知，作者最后限制了邮件数量。故选D项。
16．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“I’m on top of my inbox. (我正在处理并控制我的收件箱)”可知，本文主要讲述可作者是如何处理并控制收件箱的。故选B项。
17．D
18．B
19．A
20．D
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物对气候变化做出贡献。
17．推理判断题。根据第一段的“This meant herb-roasted lamb, raised with a carbon-friendly approach. It included sweet potatoes that had been picked from a local farm’s field post-harvest. The options were plant-heavy, locally grown, and involved little to no packaging.(这意味着用一种碳友好的方式饲养的香草烤羊肉。其中包括从当地农场收获后采摘的红薯。这些选择都是当地种植的植物，几乎没有包装)”和第二段的““We wanted to let students participate in climate action by making choices about their food,” says Kathy Wicks, sustainability director for UMass Dining.(“我们想让学生通过选择食物来参与气候行动，”马萨诸塞大学餐饮部可持续发展主任凯西·威克斯说)”推知，马赛诸塞州大学新菜单的目的是促进学生的低碳意识。故选D。
18．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Increasingly, American consumers and institutions are thinking about how their food choices factor into climate change. For many, small choices at the grocery store, dining hall, and restaurant can feel more accessible than big-ticket options like buying a fuel-efficient car or installing home solar panels.(越来越多的美国消费者和机构开始思考他们的食物选择如何影响气候变化。对许多人来说，在杂货店、食堂和餐馆的小选择比购买节能型汽车或安装家用太阳能电池板等昂贵的选择更容易获得)”推知，食物选择对全球变暖意义重大，因为比起节能汽车等昂贵的选择来，它更容易做到。故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据第三段的““If, on average, Americans cut a quarter pound of beef per week from their diet, it’s like taking 10 million cars off the road a year,” says Sujatha Bergen, director of health campaigns for the Natural Resources Defense Council.(“平均来说，如果美国人每周从饮食中减少四分之一磅牛肉，就相当于每年减少1000万辆汽车，”自然资源保护委员会健康运动主任Sujatha Bergen说)”可知，Sujatha Bergen认为人们少吃牛肉就相当于减少了汽车排放。由此推知，Sujatha Bergen认为牛肉对减碳有很大影响。故选A。
20．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第三段的“Small changes in dietary habits may make a big difference. Climate activists often target fossil fuels and transportation systems, but studies point to the food system as a significant contributor to global warming. (饮食习惯上的小改变可能会带来很大的不同。气候活动人士经常以化石燃料和运输系统为目标，但研究指出，粮食系统是全球变暖的一个重要因素)”和最后一段的“People are beginning to understand that their food choices make a big impact on climate(人们开始明白，他们的食物选择对气候有很大影响)”可知，本文主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物对气候变化做出贡献。D项“低碳饮食：疯狂，还是更多？”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
21．C
22．D
23．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个皮划艇之旅。
21．细节理解题。根据Clean-up Kayak Tour部分的“It is a great way to try kayaking, get outside for some gentle exercise and help the surroundings at the same time. (尝试皮划艇是一种很好的方式，在户外进行一些温和的锻炼，同时帮助环境)”可知，该旅行有助于帮助环境，因此适合关心环境的人。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据Social Paddle部分的“This two-day tour enables you to enjoy a night by an open fire and combine some other hobbies such as photographing and bird watching. (在这个为期两天的旅行中，你可以在篝火边享受夜晚，还可以结合摄影和观鸟等其他爱好)”可知，参加该行程的桨手们可以享受夜晚聚会。其他三个行程没有提到夜晚聚会，因此这是Social Paddle的特殊之处。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Check out our new Spring Group Kayaking Tour and join us for some fresh air and exercise!(看看我们新的春季团体皮划艇之旅，和我们一起呼吸新鲜空气，锻炼身体!)”以及下文对四个皮划艇之旅的介绍推知，本文很有可能出自一本旅游手册。故选C。
24．D
25．A
26．B
27．B
【导语】本文是说明文。文章谈论了有关智力发展的问题，作者通过阐述生物学和社会科学作家保罗的研究说明了我们的思维比大脑更大，仅是锻炼大脑并不等同于智力发展。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段内容“I’ve tried a bunch of strategies to increase my intelligence. I’ve made flashcards to memorize words. I’ve subscribed to daily crosswords. What did I get for it Average scores on standardized tests. A lot of unfinished puzzles. But I can’t say any of those strategies made me noticeably smarter.(我试过很多方法来提高我的智商。我做了闪卡来记忆单词。我订阅了每日填字游戏。我得到了什么 标准化考试的平均分。还有很多未完成的难题。但我不能说这些策略中有哪一个让我明显变聪明了。)”可知，第一段作者通过讲述自己的经历引出文章的话题，关于智力的话题。故选D。
25．词句猜测题。根据下文内容“by paradoxes like this one: how London resident Ben Pridmore can remember the order of 1,400 randomly shuffled playing cards but can’t remember his friends’ birth dates. (被像这样的悖论：伦敦居民本·普莱德莫尔(Ben Pridmore)能记住随机打乱的1400张扑克牌的顺序，却记不住朋友的生日。)”并结合常识可推断，这种事情让我们困惑，引出推断上文讲述的是：我们的智力只存在于孤立的大脑有机体中的假设，让我们困惑，故划线词与A项“困惑的”意思相近。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段的“She uses this work to convincingly highlight how the daily routine at school—with its relative shortage of leisure time—is a drawback to the development of children’s attention span.(她用这项工作令人信服地强调了学校的日常生活——休闲时间的相对短缺——是如何阻碍儿童注意力持续时间的发展的。)”可知，保罗发现学校里儿童闲暇时光的短缺阻碍了儿童注意力的发展，也就是说缺少休息可能对认知发展有害。故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“However, the diverse and deeply researched information she presents about the impact of atmosphere, our bodies and the people around us on our thought process can certainly be translated into that. Our minds are bigger than our brains, and if we embrace that fact, there’s so much more we can accomplish.(然而，她提供的关于大气、我们的身体和我们周围的人对我们思维过程的影响的多样化和深入研究的信息当然可以解释这一点。我们的思想比我们的大脑更大，如果我们接受这个事实，我们可以完成更多的事情。)”可知，保罗认为我们的思维比我们的大脑更大，如果我们接受了这个想法，我们就能获得更多的成功，因此推断大脑训练不等同于智力的发展是她所同意的。故选B。
28．A
29．C
30．D
31．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人眼分辨颜色背后的科学。
28．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The ability to perceive (感知)different colours is up to receptors (接受器)in our eyes. Light waves hit these receptors and they react depending on which colour the light is, sending signals to the brain. The brain then reads these signals to determine which colour light the eyes are receiving( 感知不同颜色的能力取决于我们眼睛里的感受器。光波击中这些感受器，感受器根据光的颜色做出反应，向大脑发送信号。然后大脑读取这些信号，以确定眼睛接收到的是哪种颜色的光)”可知本段主要讲我们如何感知不同的颜色。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段“Those with more developed receptors can see more colours.(接受器更发达的人能看到更多的颜色)”可知，接受器发达的人能看见更多的颜色，由此可推知接受器不发达的人看到的颜色少，可能存在辨别色彩的障碍。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段“In the past, most scientists would argue that everyone saw colours in the same way. ( 在过去，大多数科学家会认为每个人看到颜色的方式都是一样的)”及后面的转折“However, research was conducted on monkeys, in which their receptors were changed. This enabled them to see more colours than usual. Normally monkeys can only see blue and green, but the change allowed them to see red.( 然而，在猴子身上进行的研究发现，它们的接受器发生了变化。这使他们能比平时看到更多的颜色。通常猴子只能看到蓝色和绿色，但这种变化让它们看到了红色)”可知，前后意思是相反的，即：对猴子进行研究的目的是证明每个人看颜色的方式不一样。故选D。
31．推理判断题。本文第一段以一个例子发问引出接下来文章要讨论的主题，故第二段首句“The ability to perceive （感知）different colours is up to receptors （接受器）in our eyes.( 感知不同颜色的能力取决于我们眼睛里的感受器)”是本文主题，主要讲感知色彩和眼中接收器的关系，故本篇文章可能出现在科普杂志上。故选B。
32．B
33．A
34．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着2024巴黎奥运会临近，法国官方想用法语命名一些新的体育术语，并介绍了法国以前为了阻止英语渗透法语所做出的努力。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“The French government has created a team of language experts devoted to promoting the national language. They will meet periodically over the next couple of years to identify and define new sports terms.(法国政府成立了一支致力于推广国家语言的语言专家团队。他们将在未来几年定期会面，以确定和定义新的体育术语)”可知，语言专家团队定期会面是为了确定和定义新的体育术语。由此可知，语言专家团队将决定一些新的体育术语。故选B项。
33．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“Despite their best efforts, no committee has successfully prevented English from infiltrating everyday language.(尽管他们尽了最大努力，但没有一个委员会成功地阻止了英语渗透到日常语言中)”和““Similar committees have been put in place in the past, but nothing has changed so far,” said Attali.(“过去已经设立了类似的委员会，但到目前为止没有任何变化，”Attali说)”可推知，以前努力阻止英语渗透法语的结果是徒劳的。故选A项。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“All living languages exist by borrowing from each other. Languages only exist thanks to their impurity.(所有现存的语言都是通过相互借用而存在的。语言只因其不纯而存在)”可推知，Neveux对语言的不纯持肯定态度。故选D项。
35．D
36．A
37．B
38．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了从石器时代到现代等不同时期人类的饮食选择的见解与看法，说明我们最好保留值得保留的东西，并对我们的饮食历史保持清醒的认识。
35．细节理解题。根据第一段“In this period of anxiety about the size of our waists and what we consume, simple dietary rules are appealing. “Eat like our ancestors” is a particularly catchy slogan (口号) to live by.(在这个对腰围大小和消费的东西感到焦虑的时期，简单的饮食规则很有吸引力。“像我们的祖先一样吃饭”是一个特别吸引人的口号。)”可知，在现代，简单的饮食规则很有吸引力，现在最受欢迎的口号是“像我们祖先那样吃饭”，从而引出本文的话题。由此可知本文关注的话题为一种受欢迎的信念。故选D项。
36．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Nevertheless, England’s 9,000-year-old Cheddar Man would not have eaten the same foods as his contemporaries on the Kenyan plain.(然而，拥有9000年历史的英格兰切达人不会吃与他在肯尼亚平原上的同时代人相同的食物。)”讲述的是英国九千年前的Cheddar Man吃的食物与肯尼亚平原上的同时代人不同，由此可知，此处阐述的是一种观点和看法。故选A项。
37．主旨大意题。分析段落的结构可知，第四段中的首句“Moreover, the stone age trend is focused on what’s perceived to be good for our bodies, without any concern for the rest of nature, including other humans whose livelihoods are threatened by western overconsumption.(此外，石器时代的趋势集中在被认为对我们身体有益的东西上，而不关心自然界的其他部分，包括其他生计受到西方过度消费威胁的人。)”是本段的主题句，此段讲述的是石器时代人们选择的是我们认为对我们身体有益的东西，根本不考虑大自然的其他方面。由此可知，该段分析的是石器时代人们对食物的选择与大自然的关系。故选B项。
38．主旨大意题。根据首段中的““Eat like our ancestors” is a particularly catchy slogan (口号) to live by.(“像我们的祖先一样吃饭”是一个特别吸引人的口号。)”引出本文讲述的话题，接下来文章又分析不同时代的人们对饮食观点和看法，再结合文章尾段中的“Better to preserve what’s worth keeping and remain clear-eyed about our cooking past, much of which is unknowable, immoral and impossible to follow in any case.(最好保留值得保留的东西，并对我们的烹饪历史保持清醒，其中大部分是不可知的，不道德的，无论如何都不可能遵循的。)”可知，我们在对食物作出选择的时候要保持清醒的头脑，不能一味地跟随以前的消费想法，综合以上分析，该段的标题可以为“我们要不要像我们的祖先那样消费？”。故选B项。

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