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(共79张PPT)
英语国际音标
音素和国际音标
1．什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。
2．音素的分类：元音和辅音。
3．音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅
音音 素28个。
4．什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。
5．什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音
协会规定的一套音标，用来
记录世界各主要语言的语音。
元音和辅音的定义：
发音时声带振 动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。
不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。
发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。
发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。
元 音 12个单元音 长元音 [a:] [ :] [i:] [ :] [u:]
短元音 [Λ] [ ] [i] [ ] [u] [ ] [e]
8个双元音 [ai] [ei] [ i] [i ] [e ] [u ] [au] [ u]
辅 音 11对 清辅音 [p] [t]
[k]
[f]
[h]
[s] [ ] [t ] [tr] [θ] [ts]
浊辅音 [b]
[d]
[g]
[v]
[r]
[z] [ ] [d ] [dr] [ ]
[dz]
3个鼻音 [m] [n] [η]
2个半元音 [w] [j]
1个舌边音 [l]
巧记48个国际音标
单元音共十二，四二六前中后
双元音也好背，合口集中八个
辅音共计二十八八对一清又七浊，
四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音，
有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握
元 音 ( 20 Vowels )
/i: / / I / /e/ / / / /
/ / /α / / / / / / /
/u:/ / / /eI/ /aI/ / /
/ / /a / /I / /e / / /
:
:
:
Lesson 1
元音[i:] [i] [ :] [ ] 学习
[i:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea ee
e: me be she he we evening
ee:sweet bee sweep sheep see sleep three green
ea:meat leaf sea pea teach eat clean
Read the sentence and underline the letters with pronunciation of [i:]
Can you see the green leaves of each tree in the field
Can you see the green leaves of each tree in the field
[i] 发这个音的字母和字母组合i e y ey ay
i: pig fish in fifteen six ship thin
e: begin behind jacket basketball
y: happy heavy busy carry sunny study twenty ey: monkey money
ay:Sunday Saturday Friday
Read the sentence and underline the letters with pronunciation of [i]
A: Be quick, we’ll go to the cinema
B: What is it
A: It a ticket
A: Be quick, we’ll go to the cinema
B: What is it
A: It a ticket
[ :] 发这个音的字母和字母组合er ir ur ear or
er: her serve term
ir:bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt
ur:nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain
ear:early learn
or: word work world
Read the sentence and underline the letters with pronunciation of [ :]
The nurse see the turtle on her purple curtain
The nurse see the turtle on her purple curtain
[ ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ure er ar or a e
ure: picture
er:teacher brother dinner father sister
ar: sugar
or:doctor
a:panda about above camera sofa China
Read the sentence and underline the letters with pronunciation of [ ]
Peter’s father is a doctor
Peter’s father is a doctor
音标[i:] [i] [ :] [ ] 练习
1. 找出下列没有相同发音的词。
( ) ①he feet bread green
( ) ②pig is dog ship
( ) ③thirty bird her food
( ) ④she big in money
( ) ⑤sweets fish teacher we
( ) ⑥teacher sister about girl
( ) ⑦tiger first work shirt
( ) ⑧tree bean clean chin
( ) ⑨father doctor skirt china
( ) ⑩happy sea sit picture
2. 读音标写单词。
[bi:] [b :d] [si:] [swi:t] [′bizi] [h :] [′d kt ] [′sist ] [li:f] [hi:]
3. 连线。
meat [ :]
thirsty [i:]
driver [ ]
animal [i:]
Lesson 2
音标[ :] [ ] [u:] [u]学习
[ :] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a aw al or oor
a: water
aw:draw strawberry
al:ball wall
or:horse corn fork or short
oor:floor door
Read the sentence and underline the letters with pronunciation of [ :]
I am Paul. I am four. I am tall. Give me a call
I am Paul. I am four. I am tall. Give me a call
[ ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o a
o: fox coffee dog shop dog
doctor long
a: watch
Read the sentence and underline the letters with pronunciation of [ ]
Tom has a lot of dots on his pocket.
Tom has a lot of dots on his pocket.
[u:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo ui
o: do who whose
oo: food moon too
ui: fruit juice
u: ruler rude
Read the sentence and underline the letters with pronunciation of [u:]
How do you do! Bring your stool! Go to school
How do you do! Bring your stool! Go to school
[u]发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo u
o:woman wolf
oo:look good book foot wood
u:bull bullet
Read the sentence and underline the letters with pronunciation of [u]
Green Wood, Mike Cook, please have a look, I have a good book.
Green Wood, Mike Cook, please have a look, I have a good book
音标[ :] [ ] [u:] [u]练习
一．抄写音标，一个抄写10遍,一边抄写一边读。
[u]： [u:]： [ ]： [ :]：__________
二．找出下列没有相同发音的词。
( ) ①moon food eat fruit
( ) ②true book wood look
( ) ③four small walk bird
( ) ④got clock shop shirt
( ) ⑤bus foot push book
( ) ⑥lost ball long ox
( ) ⑦ruler dog mooncake blue
( ) ⑧big ship horse it
四. 写出单词或音标。
[bru:m] [d :] [sit] [b :d]
[fut] [wi:] [d g] [′sist ]
look do water good
too foot clock first
work sister doctor sea
五. 将下列单词与正确的音标用线连起来。
hot [blu:]
football [huk]
blue [ki:s]
hook [futb :l]
kiss [h t]
Lesson 3
音标[a:] [Λ] [ ] [e] 练习
[a:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ar au ear
a: grass glass class plant dance fast
father last
ar: car star arm March garden dark scarf
au: laugh aunt
ear: heart
Read the sentence and underline the letters with pronunciation of [a:]
it’s too far to see the shark and the the shark teeth are sharp
it’s too far to see the shark and the shark teeth are sharp
[Λ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o u oo ou
o: son come colour love money
u: sun nut jump gum bus brush
supper us
ou: touch cousin country
Read the sentence and underline the letters with pronunciation of [Λ]
Hurry up! A duck cuts a bug in the mud.
Hurry up! A duck cuts a bug in the mud.
[ ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a
a: dad cap cat bad apple bag flag
hand rabbit ant black fat has
stand rat map
Read the sentence and underline the letters with pronunciation of [ ]
Cat ! Cat ! Catch that fat cat!
Cat ! Cat ! Catch that fat cat!
[e] 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea
e: egg bell desk leg pet ten pen
ea: bread head breakfast
Read the sentence and underline the letters with pronunciation of [e]
Ted has an egg and a piece of bread goes to bed.
Ted has an egg and a piece of bread goes to bed.
音标[a:] [Λ] [ ] [e] 练习
一．选出下列没有相同发音的词。
( ) 1. car arm food garden
( ) 2. true jump bus cut
( ) 3. bag short map flag
( ) 4. egg pen head small
( ) 5. got clock bell dog
( ) 6. rabbit book wood foot
( ) 7. rat bat apple ten
( ) 8. gun star duck moneg
二. 写出单词或音标。
［pa:st］ [ru:m] [swet] [sit]
[f t] [g t] [cΛp] [sh :t]
bag car bus bread star head
Lesson 4
双元音
[ei] [ai] [ i] [ u ]
[au] [i ] [e ] [u ] 练习
[ei]
a+辅音+e take wake
ei eight weigh
ay play day
ai aim aid
a April aviator
A good fame is better than a good face.
一个好的名望胜于好的相貌。
[ai]
i+辅音+e life advice
y sky dry
i China crisis
igh high fight
ai aisle Thailand
Time and tide wait for no man.
岁月不待人。
[ i]
oy toy boy
oi noise spoil
Boys will be boys.
男孩将男孩。
[ ]
o over ocean
o+辅音+e wrote rose
ow row grow
ew sew
All roads lead to Rome.
[a ]
ou pound loud
ow coward
Doubt is the key of knowledge.
怀疑是知识的钥匙。
[i ]
ear ear near
eer deer sheer
ea idea area
ere here severe
eir weird（古怪的）
Experience is the best teacher.
经验是最好的老师。
[e ]
are care share
air fair air
ear bear swear
ere where there
Where there is a will, there is a way.
[ ]
ure sure lure
our tour
oor poor
As sure as eggs is eggs.
千真万确
辅音 (28Consonants)
/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/
/ / / / /f/ /v/ / / / /
/ s/ /z/ / / / / /h/ /m/
/n/ / / /I/ /r/ /w/ /j/
/tr/ /dr/ /ts/ /dz/
Lesson 6
辅音音标[p] [b] [t] [d]练习
[p] 发这个音的字母和字母组合p pp
p: piano panda parrot pet ship
sheep pig stop
pp: apple happy
根据发音规则，圈出没有发[p]的单词。
1.ship phone sleep pear
2.pick pen big pineapple
3.taxi parrot sheep pig
4.panda pony pet truck
[b] 发这个音的字母和字母组合b bb
b: book ball bird big boy bag
banana
bb:rubber rabbit cabbage
根据发音规则，圈出发[b]的2个单词。
1.cab gift beach love
2. pet god tub bed
3.weather boy bus make
4.rabbit read dress baby
[t] 发这个音的字母和字母组合 t tt
t: table tea taxi cat rat fat ticket
tt: butter matter
根据发音规则，圈出没有发[t]的1个单词。
1.taxi fat bag toy
2.hat ticket tea duck
3.pocket packet cat rain
[d] 发这个音的字母和字母组合d ed
d: duck seed door desk day red
head bed read cold
ed: smiled opened played
根据发音规则，圈出没有发[d]的1个单
词。
1.bed clothes hand
2.dog cold five
3.dance duck grape
音标[p] [b] [t] [d]练习
选出下列没有相同发音的词
( ) 1. pear ship coat pig
( ) 2. taxi bean cab cabbage
( ) 3. hat sea ticket wallet
( ) 4. seed dance hand full
( ) 5. pick pen sit pineapple
( ) 6. cold find door chair
( ) 7. cloth purple pool push
( ) 8. eat fan quiet set
Lesson 7
辅音音标[k] [g] [s] [z]学习
[k]发这个音的字母和字母组合c k ck
c: cap cook cup car can class
k: cook milk key desk kite cake
ck: clock sock cock neck
从下列单词中找出一个发[sk]的单词。
1. cake car desk neck
2. mask rock ink clock
3. disk truck silk duck
[g]发这个音的字母和字母组合g gg
g: glass golf get girl bag goat
flag
gg: egg
根据发音规则，圈出发[g]的单词。
gas drive gum give violin bag
jeans orange log bridge guess
tank grade long language
[s]发这个音的字母和字母组合s c ss ce
s: star sun snake sea see
c: pencil city cedar ceiling celebrate
ss: grass glass class boss
ce: face race rice nice
根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发[s]的单词。
1. whose juice lick student
2. those case scarf shoes
3. space nose science meat
4. tears piece bus nose
[z]发这个音的字母和字母组合z s se
z: zero zebra zoo
s: bags photos sisters
se: nose rose
根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发[z]的单词。
1.zoo freeze lick case
2. game play busy shoes
3.dog nose rose meat
4. tears peanut eagle zero
音标[k] [g] [s] [z]的练习
一 将下列没有相同发音的词找出来
( ) 1. car stay neck clock
( ) 2. gas give drive bag
( ) 3. sea boss rice cook
( ) 4. lick zoo rose zero
( ) 5. tears freeze desk busy
三. 把下列单词与音标用线连接起来。
socks ['gigl]
giggle [g ust]
ghost [s ks]
face [t∫i:z]
cheese [feis]
Lesson 8
辅音音标[∫] [ ] [t∫] [d ]练习
[∫] 发这个音的字母和字母组合s sh
s: sugar sure
sh: ship sheep wash cash shop she
根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发[∫]的2个单词。
1. shell ship watch desk
2. truck shirt skirt ship
3. brush carrat sheep sleep
4. hero shape street shelf
[ ]发这个音的字母和字母组合s
s: television, usually, Asia
an unusual collision; a great decision;
my pleasure
根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发[ ]的1个单词。
1. shell ship garage desk
2. truck shirt pleasure ship
3. brush casual sheep sleep
4. hero shape leisure shelf
[t∫]发这个音的字母和字母组合ch tch
ch: teacher peach cherry chair
tch: watch match
根据发音规则,找出下列单词中发[t∫]的单词，并抄下来。
chair dumpling beach cheese
night she monkey
China church these flower egg
dream shark chick catch
[d ]发这个音的字母和字母组合g j dge
g: ginger giraffe
j: jump job jam
ge: orange cabbage cage
根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中发[d ]的单词。
egg giraffe dragon grass cabbage job
gift gate orange drug jeans gun
音标[∫] [3] [t∫] [d3]练习
一．选出下列具有相同发音的单词。
( )1. shell watch ship see
( ) 2. shell pleasure sick treasure
( )3. chair China Monkey dream
( )4. job gift door cabbage
( )5. grass chick start jeans
Lesson 9
音标[f] [v] [θ] [ ]的练习
[f]发这个音的字母和字母组合f ff ph gh
f: five fan flower fish four leaf
ff: giraffe
ph: phone elephant photo
gh: laugh
选出下列单词中不发[f]的单词，写在横
线上。
knife flower foot fish pick get
photo laugh leaf
[v]发这个音的字母和字母组合v ve
v: video vase vest
ve: five love violin
根据发音规则,在不发[v]的单词上打×
violin move vote window
van white woman
victory wet wave vase
[θ]发这个音的字母和字母组合th
th: three thin third teeth mouth
根据发音规则，圈出不发[θ]的单词。
1．father three maths thirsty
2. mouth throat Thursday brother
3. think thirsty mother thousand
4. thin thick they teeth
[ ]发这个音的字母和字母组合th
th: father mother brother clothes
weather
根据发音规则，圈出每组中发 [ ]的1个单词。
1．than sister brother three
2. weather thank night good
3. tie look teeth they
4. thin father throat watch
音标[f] [v] [θ] [ ]的练习
一．将下列没有相同发音的词找出来
( ) 1. foot knife pick fish
( ) 2. window move vote vase
( ) 3. three fan thousand thin
( ) 4. father them brother watch
( ) 5. finish van fool fat
( ) 5. they thin maths mouth
Lesson 10
辅音音标［ts］[dz] [tr] [dr]的练习
[ts] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ts tes
ts: seats goats coats cats pets eats
tes: gates kites dates tastes
根据发音规则，找出发[ts]的4个单词写在后面的横线上。
sands woods boots birds
hats carrats hands beds
friends rats seeds kids
[dz] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ds des
ds: seeds woods friends birds beds
des: rides
根据发音规则，找出发[dz]的5个单词写在后面的横线上。
coats hands cats kites
beds words pets kids
seats horse sands gates
[tr] 发这个音的字母和字母组合tr
tr: tree truck trousers strawberry trick
根据发音规则，找出没有发[tr]的3个单词写在后面的横线上。
seats truck train trash tractor
drink street drug trousers
[dr] 发这个音的字母和字母组合dr
dr: draw drink driver dragon dry
根据发音规则，找出每组中发[dr]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。
1. dream duck dress rain
2. rat drain drug door
3. tree treasure drawer drink
4. truck dragon dish drum
Lesson 11
辅音音标[h][r][l][m]的练习
[h]发这个音的字母和字母组合h wh
h: he her head heart hair ham
wh: who whose
根据发音规则， 把下列单词中不发[h]的找出来。
1. ham hat white ( )
2. horse whale who ( )
3. wheat hole hair ( )
[r] 发这个音的字母和字母组合r rr wr
r: rice room ride road rose
rr: mirror carrot parrot
wr: write wrong wrap
根据发音规则，选出发[r]的单词，打√。
1. bread driver wrong rain worker
2. river father robot rope sister
3. write fruit rabbit crown drum
[l] 发这个音的字母和字母组合l ll
l: look light lock lucky lion tail
ll: ball pull dollar tell
根据发音规则，选出每组中不发[l]的单词。
1. lamp nail flag woman ( )
2. yellow fruit lion lychee ( )
3. grape bull laugh lake ( )
4. dumpling moon wheel whale( )
[m] 发这个音的字母和字母组合m mb
m: mouth mouse milk monkey moon
money mum
mb: climb comb thumb
音标[h][r][l][m]的练习
一．把下列单词用线连接起来。
parrot [′p r t]
heart [l k]
lock [ha:t]
dollar [klaim]
climb [′d l ]
Lesson 12
音标[n] [η] [w] [j]的练习
[n]发这个音的字母和字母组合n kn gn
n: nose net nut banana noodles train rain plane down
kn: knee knife knock
gn: sign
根据发音规则，找出发[n]的单词
1. mirror wheel yes knock
2. mall hen laugh nut
3. earrings plane wing bread
[η]发这个音的字母和字母组合n ng
n: ink bank tank finger
ng: sing hang song king reading
running
根据发音规则，从下列每组中找出2个发[η]的单词。
1．net ring finger meat
2. tennis mouth song swing
3. dumpling wing run nail
4. hang swim ink note
[w]发这个音的字母和字母组合
w: winter window watch water well would
wh: white where which when why wheel whale
根据发音规则，选出每组中不发[w]音的1个单词。
1. wood write wheel which
2. wheat snow wet woman
3. white window now why
4. whale water watch row
[j]发这个音的字母和字母组合y
y: yo-yo yogurt yard yes you
your
根据发音规则，找出发[j]的单词写在下
面横线上。
cry you your sky yellow lorry
money jelly toy boy yogurt soy
音标[n] [η] [w] [j]的练习
把下列单词用线连起来。
knee [h η]
hang [ni:]
yolk [j uk]
whale [iηk]
ink [weil]
语音的基本常识
一：音节的划分
一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。
二： 开音节&闭音节
开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e : name, bike, home, due, plane,
b) 辅音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello
闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup,let, mad, map
b)元音+辅音: it, is, of, in, on, up, out, ant
三：.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。
任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节 ，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号“'”。
语音的基本常识
四：浊化音
[s]后面的清辅音要浊化
discussion：/k/浊化成/g/
stand：/t/浊化成/d/
expression：/p/浊化成/b/
五：连读
辅音+元音
It~is~an~old book.
Put~it~on, please.
Not~at~all.
Please pick~it~up.

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