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山西省临汾市
2020-2022届（三年）高三二模英语试题分类汇编
七选五
山西省临汾市2022届高三二模英语试卷
第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In the words of Tali Sharot, author of the book The Influential Mind: What the Brain Reveals About Our Power to Change Others, it is not difficult to influence others.
36 Research suggests that people don't always act to avoid negative consequences. In one study, participants viewed pictures and had to act (press a button) or not act (not press a button) when a certain one appeared. The correct response would earn them a reward or save them from a loss. Ultimately, participants performed better when they had to act to earn a reward and not act to avoid a loss.
37_ While negative emotions and images encourage inaction, research also suggests that positive ones tend to inspire people to act. So you might try talking about your fancy gym or a fun fitness activity to get your family members to exercise.
When we're communicating negative information, listeners will be particularly influenced when stressed. 38_if you're a doctor trying to communicate disease risk to a stressed patient. People also have a tendency to ignore negative information, which can make them feel bad. 39 . In that case, it might be better to wait until people are more relaxed or to frame things in a positive way.
Another effective way to influence people is to give them control. If you're a parent, you may have discovered that kids are much more receptive to your suggestions if you let them pick between healthy snacks or after-dinner chores. They're anticipating a good result that they'll get to select for themselves. 40
So influencing others isn't that challenging.
A. That might be of help
B. What should you do instead
C. Is this in line with common sense
D. So communicating bad news may be tricky
E. How does the brain respond to attempts at influence
F. Then would-be influencers have more and more access to us
G. Giving away control, even a little or just the perception of it helps
山西省临汾市2021届高三二模英语试卷
第二节 (共5小题;每小题3分, 满分15分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why you’re more creative in coffee shops
Some of the most successful people in history have done their best work in coffee shops，Pablo Picasso, JK Rowling, Simone de Beauvoir and Bob Dylan, to name just a few. 36 , people across nations and centuries have tapped into their creativity working at a table in a cafe.
37 . The combination of noise, casual crowds and visual variety can give us just the right amount of distraction to help us be our sharpest and most creative.
Some of us stick in our earphones as soon as we sit down to work in a public setting. 38 . So, the jazz muzak, light conversation and barkeeper banging coffee grounds out of the grinder aren't an annoyance -they could help you come up with your next great work.
There's also the fact that in a coffee shop, we're surrounded by people who've come to do the same thing as us, which acts as a motivator. You see other people working and it puts you in a mood where you just naturally start working as well. 39 .
Visual variety is another factor that has an effect on people' s creative thinking process. And hitting different coffee shops each time keeps things even more varied. People come and go. The daylight changes. The aromas (香味) of coffee and food vary. 40 and don’t deliberately
choose to work in this location because of them, these activities around us prod our brains to work a bit differently than at home.
A. As these cafe settings can also benefit work groups
B. Just observing them can motivate you to work harder
C. However, background noise can benefit our creative thinking
D. But wearing earphones at your desk differs from doing that in a cafe
E. While we tend not to take conscious notice of these things around us
F. Whether they ' re painters, composers, philosophers , writers or rock singers
G. There' re many ways coffee shops start our creativity in a way offices or homes don't
山西省临汾市2020届高三二模英语试卷
第二节 （共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。
I was packing my suitcase for a trip. By the time I got to the hall closet, I couldn't remember what I came for. ___16___ However, as a neuroscientist, I know the problem is not what it seems.
___17___ But age is not the major factor so commonly assumed. The 20 - year - old often make short — term memory errors as well. They walk into the wrong classroom. They forget what the professor said two minutes ago. On the other hand, some aspects of memory actually get better as we age. For instance, our ability to extract patterns, regularities (规律)and to make accurate predictions improves over time. ___18___ If you' re going to get an X - ray, you want a 70 — year — old radiologist reading it, not a 30 - year - old one.
So how do we account for our experience that older adults seem to have difficulty with words and names ___19___ As long as given a little more time, older adults perform just fine. Second, older adults have to search through more memories than do younger adults to find the fact or piece of information they're looking for. Your brain becomes crowded with memories and information. It's not that you can't remember. Actually, you can! ___20___
So, my advice is experiencing new things. It is the best way to keep the mind young and growing — into our 80s, 90s and beyond.
A. That's because we've had more experience.
B. First, there is a widespread cognitive (认知的)slowing with age.
C. This is widely understood to be a classic problem of aging.
D. First of all, senior citizens have better long - term memories.
E. It's just that there is so much more information to sort through.
F. Besides, I forget names that I used to be able to think of effortlessly.
G. Researches show that our ability of the short — term memory declines slightly after 30.
答案：
山西省临汾市2022届高三二模英语试卷
36—40 EBADG
山西省临汾市2021届高三二模英语试卷
36-40 FGCBE
山西省临汾市2020届高三二模英语试卷
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了老年人出现短期记忆错误的原因。
【16题详解】
根据前文“By the time I got to the hall closet, I couldn't remember what I came for.( 当我来到客厅的壁橱时，我不记得我来干什么了。)”可知，作者忘记了自己到壁橱的目的，且根据后文“But age is not the major factor so commonly assumed.( 但是年龄并不是人们通常认为的主要因素。)”可知，设空句应是在解释普遍看法：年龄大了，健忘。选项C. This is widely understood to be a classic problem of aging.( 人们普遍认为这是一个典型的老龄化问题。)符合语境分析，且与后文“However, as a neuroscientist, I know the problem is not what it seems.( 然而，作为一名神经学家，我知道问题并不像看上去的那样。)”形成对比关系。故选C项。
17题详解】
根据后文“But age is not the major factor so commonly assumed.( 但是年龄并不是人们通常认为的主要因素。)”可知本段在讲述短期记忆错误会出现的年龄阶段，且根据后文“The 20 - year - old often make short — term memory errors as well.( 20岁的人也经常犯短期记忆错误。)”可知，设空句应也有具体年龄涉及。选项G. Researches show that our ability of the short — term memory declines slightly after 30.( 研究表明，30岁以后，我们的短期记忆能力略有下降。)提及了30岁时的短期记忆能力会出现下降，符合语境。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“For instance, our ability to extract patterns, regularities and to make accurate predictions improves over time.( 例如，我们提取模式、规律和做出准确预测的能力会随着时间的推移而提高)”可知，这里在讲述的应是随着年龄增长，经验增长。选项A. That's because we've had more experience.( 那是因为我们有更多的经验。)进行了合理原因总结，且呼应后文“If you' re going to get an X - ray, you want a 70 — year — old radiologist reading it, not a 30 - year - old one.( 如果你要做X光检查，你需要的是一位70岁的放射科医生，而不是一位30岁的医生。)”。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Second, older adults have to search through more memories than do younger adults to find the fact or piece of information they're looking for.( 第二，老年人要比年轻人搜索更多的记忆来找到他们想要的事实或信息。)”可知，这里解释的原因是从老年人的年龄特征或经验角度出发的。选项B. First, there is a widespread cognitive slowing with age.( 首先，随着年龄的增长，认知能力普遍下降。)讲述了认知能力随着年龄增长而下降，符合老年人的年龄特征。故选B项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Your brain becomes crowded with memories and information. It's not that you can't remember. Actually, you can!( 你的大脑变得充满了记忆和信息。不是你记不住。实际上,你可以!)”可知，设空句应对此进行总结。选项E. It's just that there is so much more information to sort through.( 只是有太多的信息需要整理。)进行了合理总结，且再次呼应强调了本段提出的原因“Second, older adults have to search through more memories than do younger adults to find the fact or piece of information they're looking for.”。故选E项。

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