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山东省部分市2022届高三一模英语解析版试卷分类汇编
阅读理解专题（含解析）
山东省烟台市、德州市2022届高三一模英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Enter DSWF Global Canvas 2022
Global Canvas is an annual children’s art competition run by David Shepherd Wildlife Foundation (DSWF). It’s a fantastic way to encourage creativity and display thought and concern for our planet’s environment and the incredible wildlife that inhabits it. We’re thrilled to announce entries are now open for the DSWF Global Canvas 2022 competition, for which the theme is “Forests of Land and Sea”.
DSWF Global Canvas 2022 is free to enter and open to children aged 16 and under — either as a group or an individual. Entries for group and individual categories will be judged separately and in the following age groups: age 4-7 years, age 8-11 years, and age 12-16 years. A group entry can be any size from 2 children up to an entire school!
Any art technique is welcome. Entrants can create an artwork of any size that they like, as long as their entry is based on the theme and the work is original. DSWF always likes to see recycled materials used wherever possible. Please note that you mustn’t send us your actual artwork, however. You need to send us a photograph and video of it in addition to completing the relevant group or individual entry form. All entries must be received digitally by 11 June 2022.
Entries will be judged on the quality of art, interpretation of the theme, creativity, and for group entries — level of joint work. The decision of the judges will be petition winners will receive vouchers (代金券) for art supplies, digital animal adoptions and certificates.
1. How many age groups will the entries be classified into
A. One. B. Two.
C. Three. D. Four.
2. Which of the following will fail to meet the requirements of this competition
A. Making an artwork using recycled materials.
B. Creating an artwork with an ancient art form.
C. Delivering an original physical artwork to DSWF.
D. Sending a digital photo of a completed work on May 1.
3. What is the extra consideration in judging a group entry
A. Content. B. Cooperation.
C. Creativity. D. Complexity.
B
Italy’s cheap old homes continue to appeal to hundreds of interested buyers, among whom was Roy Patrick, a 67-year-old British who deals in antiques in Italy. Patrick bought an old school house in the mountain village of Carrega for $16,500. It’s both an adventure and a joy.
Patrick bought the property quite by accident. When told about the wonders of the village, he toured there to take a look and was instantly struck by the 1930s school building. “The house is particular and the view is unique: The way the sun goes down over the mountains, you’d say ‘wow’. It’s a fantastic wonderland,” says Patrick.
The property was offloaded by the local government to boost the populations of communities in decline. Since the purchase, he’s been visiting every two weeks and finds it has many charms. “Top of the list is the friendliness of the local residents, followed by the breathtaking views I get out of the windows looking across the valley,” he adds.
Patrick’s initial encounter with his new home was less than promising. He had to climb through a window to open up the building, which had been shut for decades and whose door was jammed, with the keys nowhere to be found.
However, a later structural disaster turned into a positive story. When an unstable chimney (烟囱) collapsed due to a heavy snow, a neighbor volunteered to climb onto his roof to make it safe. The locals are so welcoming that they are ready to help newcomers.
During the restoration needed to make the old school habitable, Patrick unexpectedly unearthed a great many treasures: dusty piles of old text books, inkwells, pupil registers and other historical items.
Patrick has some advice for those with the thought of buying a house in Carrega: There is absolutely nothing, just great views, pure air and clean surroundings. No bars, supermarkets, or restaurants. A vehicle is essential to move around. However, Carrega does spring to life in the summer when vacationers arrive to relax. “There are nights when people throw a party with loud music,” says Patrick. “Otherwise it’s just singing birds and total silence.”
4. What led to Patrick’s purchase of the old schoolhouse
A. The locals’ friendly attitude. B. Its location and rising value.
C. Its uniqueness and surroundings. D. The government’s housing welfare.
5. What was the government’s intention of selling the property
A. To attract more settlers. B. To boost local tourism.
C. To preserve village traditions. D. To reform education system.
6. What’s one of Patrick’s added bonuses of getting the house
A. Acquiring more personal space. B. Digging up some historical finds.
C. Enjoying a more active social life. D. Getting free home decoration service.
7. How does it feel most of the time living in Carrega
A. Quiet. B. Lively.
C. Modern. D. Convenient.
C
As the new year approaches, crowds around the world may be expecting whizzes and bangs to light up the sky. The appeal of fireworks could fizzle out with the growing use of drones (无人机) for light shows, though.
Ollie Howitt, a leader of SkyMagic, which used a team of 300 drones to create a display for London’s new year celebration last year, said demand had increased substantially. “We do think it’s going to be something that’s ever catching on, as opposed to it being a short-lived sort of fashion people have suddenly got interested in. Drones are reusable and there’s no fallout. In that sense they’re a very good, sustainable option,” she said.
But not everyone agrees. A spokesperson from the British Fireworks Association said drones could also pose environmental problems. “Suggestions are that drones have less of an impact on the environment, but we have serious concerns about electrical demand and use of lithium batteries which are known not to be all that ‘green’,” they said.
An RSPCA spokesperson said that while drones were a possible idea to try to reduce the impact of displays on animals, there were downsides. “Drones are not without their own negative issues such as scaring horses or crashing into birds, and can cause disturbance to animals and members of the public. It’s therefore important for their effects to be fully considered and measures taken to minimize the chance of accidents,” they said.
Some express the opinion that the use of fireworks and drones don’t exclude each other. The sight, sound and gunpowder smell of fireworks will always provide its own unique thrill.
“We find fireworks work really well when teamed up with drones. But we don’t really see it as a one-replacing-the-other at all. We feel as if it’s just another tool in the chest for how you enliven the sky and what you want to do with the show you’re putting on,” said Howitt, noting that while fireworks give a loud, emotive, big performance, drones offer the chance to tell stories in the sky by using a series of images.
8. What does the underlined phrase “fizzle out” in paragraph 1 mean
A. Catch on. B. Wind up.
C. Create an impact. D. Make a comeback.
9. What does Howitt think about a drone display in paragraph 2
A. It’s definitely an upward trend.
B. It’ll get us to reflect on energy crisis.
C. It’s nothing but a temporary phenomenon.
D. It’ll excite the public curiosity about science.
10. Which of the following may Howitt suggest according to the last paragraph
A. Promoting the production of drones.
B. Diversifying the functions of drones.
C. Prohibiting the displays of fireworks.
D. Staging drone shows as an alternative.
11. In which section of a website can we read this text
A. Advertisement. B. Business.
C. Health. D. Environment.
D
Emerging (新兴的) economies struggled to grow through the 2010s and pessimism hangs over them now. People wonder how they will pay debts rung up during the Covid-19 pandemic and how they can grow rapidly as they did in the past.
The freshest answer is the fast-spreading digital revolution (革命). Emerging nations are adopting cutting-edge technology at a lower and lower cost, allowing them to fuel domestic demand and overcome traditional barriers to growth. Over the past decade, the number of smartphone owners has skyrocketed worldwide. The world’s emerging markets have already demonstrated the transformative effects of digital technology, which has saved the economy with old industries slowing sharply.
The digital revolution is as advanced in emerging economies as in developed ones. Among the top 30 nations by tax income from digital services as a share of GDP, 16 are in the emerging world. Since 2017, digital tax income has been growing in emerging countries at an average annual pace of 26%, compared with 11% in the developed ones.
How can it be that poorer nations are adopting digital technologies faster than the rich One explanation is habit and its absence. In societies with plentiful physical stores and services, customers are often comfortable with and slow to abandon the providers they have. Nations lacking in schools, hospitals and banks will jump at the first digital option that comes along and quickly bridge these gaps by establishing online services.
Since 2010, the cost of starting a business has held steady in developed countries while falling sharply in emerging countries, from 66% to just 27% of the average annual income. Businessmen can now launch businesses affordably, organizing much of what they need on a smartphone.
It’s early days, too. Tech revolutions usually last a long time. Innovations like the car and the steam engine were still transforming economies half a century later. While the pandemic is weakening globalization, the age of rapid digitization has just begun. This offers many developing economies a revolutionary new path to catching up with the living standards of the developed world.
12. Where are people more willing to accept digital services
A. In developed societies.
B. In overpopulated nations.
C. In economies with poor online services.
D. In countries short of basic public facilities.
13. How do businessmen in emerging countries benefit from digital technology
A. They can pay less tax.
B. They make stable profits.
C. They do business at lower costs.
D. They enjoy a bigger share of the market.
14. Why are “the car and the steam engine” mentioned in the last paragraph
A. To prove old inventions will finally go out of style.
B. To indicate digitization will have a long-term impact.
C. To explain innovations will take a long time to be adopted.
D. To imply developing countries will overtake developed ones.
15. What’s the best title of the text
A. The Global Economy Is Looking Up
B. Emerging Economies Struggle in the Pandemic
C. Digital Tech Saves the Declining Emerging Markets
D. Digital Service Is Progressing Slowly in Rich Countries
山东省泰安市2022届高三一模考试英语试题
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Women Pioneers Who Changed the World
Ali Stroker
Ali Stroker took the theater world-and, indeed, the very Internet-by storm when, on June 9, 2019, she became the first performer in a wheelchair to take home a Tony Award. After becoming the first actor in a wheelchair in Broadway history in 2015, she won the award for her powerhouse performance in the revival of Oklahoma!
Susan B. Anthony
Susan B. Anthony participated in her first women’s rights conference in 1852. Over the next 54 years, she published The Revolution; gave speeches; called the first Woman Suffrage Convention in Washington, D. C. (1869); and was arrested for voting (1872). She was also a vocal advocate for abolishing slavery and improving workers’ rights, higher education for women, and training standardization and registration for nurses.
Anna Bissell
In 1889 Anna Bissell became the CEO of the company, making her the first female CEO in America. She traveled around the country selling sweepers and making deals with major retailers to carry the Bissell brand. Eventually, she took the brand international. She was also one of the first company heads to give workers pension plans.
Malala Yousafzai
When terrorists began seizing power in her hometown and attacking girls’ schools, Yousafzai gave a speech defending her and all women’s right to an education. She continued to speak out even after her cover was blown and the terrorists issued a death threat. In 2012,a masked gunman boarded the bus and shot her in the head. She survived. In 2014, she became the youngest person to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
1. What is Ali Stroker noted for
A. Her efforts to win a prize. B. Her Broadway background.
C. Her special art performance. D. Her wheelchair to perform in.
2. Which word can best describe Anna Bissell
A. Doubtful. B. Devoted. C. Stubborn. D. Outgoing.
3. Who made a great contribution to the education for women
A. Ali Stroker and Anna Bissell.
B. Ali Stroker and Malala Yousafzai.
C. Susan B. Anthony and Anna Bissell.
D. Susan B. Anthony and Malala Yousafzai.
B
Imagine that one day you live in a highly immersive (身临其境) virtual world. You can go to a virtual concert, take a trip online, view or create artworks and try on or buy digital clothing. Amid a pandemic like COVID-19, instead of seeing teachers and classmates on a video call screen, you could join them in a virtual classroom. This may help you understand the concept, metaverse.
The term metaverse refers to a shared virtual 3D world in which people can access via the Internet. Currently, most virtual spaces look more like the inside of a video game than real life. However, metaverse’s made the digital spaces more realistic by the use of virtual reality (VR) or augmented reality (AR, 增强现实).
Metaverse was first used in Neal Stephenson’s novel Snow Crash in 1992. The novel is about Hiro, a pizza delivery man by day and a VR superhero by night who lives in an online universe called The Metaverse. “He is in a computer-generated universe that his computer is drawing onto his glasses and pulling into his earphones,” the novel says of the city that everyone pops into in VR. The idea rings in many other works, for example, in Ready Player One directed by Steven Spielberg.
In recent years, metaverse has become the latest popular word to capture the tech industry’s imagination so much that one of the best-known Internet platforms is renamed to embrace the futuristic idea-Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg recently announced that he changed his company’s name to Meta.
Tech companies are also dedicated to exploring metaverse-related products. Facebook has launched meeting software for companies, called Horizon Workrooms, to use with VR headsets. The headsets cost $300 or more, putting the metaverse’s most cutting-edge (尖端的) experiences out of reach for many. For users who can afford it, they can enter the virtual worlds created by different companies. Fans of metaverse see it as the next stage in the development of the Internet.
So, do you expect the coming of metaverse
4. What can be inferred about metaverse
A. It is a video game like real life.
B. It is a parallel universe imagined by scientists.
C. It gives us a real life in a virtual world.
D. It can protect yourself from a pandemic.
5. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A The fiction Snow Crash. B. The origin of metaverse.
C. A VR superhero. D. The film Ready Player One.
6. Why did Facebook CEO use Meta as his company’s name
A. Metaverse has become more popular. B. He lives in a virtual world every day.
C. Facebook is the best-known Internet platform. D. He has accepted the idea of metaverse.
7. What can we know from the text about VR headsets
A. They are very cheap for most of us.
B. Their users can experience a virtual world.
C. Horizon Workroom don’t need them at all.
D. They will bring us into the final stage of the Internet.
C
The literary world has a new star. Novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah is this year’s winner of the Nobel Prize in literature in recognition of his “compassionate penetration (揭示) of the effects of colonialism (殖民主义)and the fate of the refugee (难民)”.
Gurnah grew up in Zanzibar, an island off the coast of Tanzania. In 1964, Gurnah was forced to leave for England as a refugee, where he began to reflect on his experiences in a diary and then through stories. Through the years, he wrote 10 novels and stories that explore the suffering caused by war and colonialism.“The thing that motivated the whole experience of writing for me was this idea of losing your place in the world,” Gurnah told The New York Times.
His 1994 novel Paradise, which tells the story of a boy growing up in early 20th century Tanzania, marked his breakthrough as a novelist and won the Booker Prize. Afterlives, his most recent work, continues the narrative of Paradise and takes place during the period of German colonialism in Tanzania.
Before he retired, Gurnah,73, was a professor of English and Postcolonial Literatures at the University of Kent in England. Although Gurnah’s first language is Swahili, he adopted English as his literary language. His writing often contains traces of Arabic, Swahili and German, as well.
Anders Olsson, the chair of the Nobel committee, said that Gurnah “is widely recognized as one of the world’s more preeminent post-colonial writers”.
Ethiopian-American novelist Maaza Mengiste described Gunah’s writings as being “like a gentle blade (刀刃) slowly moving in”.“He has written work that is absolutely unfearing and yet at the same time completely compassionate and full of heart for people of East Africa,” Mengiste said. “He is writing stories that are often quiet stories of people who aren’t heard, but there’s an insistence there that we listen.”
8. What are Gurnah’s works mainly about
A. The life of the people in Tanzania. B. Effects of war and colonialism.
C. Experiences of living abroad. D. Growth in an underdeveloped nation.
9. What can we know about Gurnah
A. He was inspired to write by his refugee experience.
B. He used to be a professor of law and literature.
C. He publishes his works in Arabic and Swahili.
D. He was not well-known until he won the Nobel Prize.
10. What does Maaza Mengiste think of Gurnah’s writing
A. It is elegantly written in his native language.
B. It is widely welcomed by people around the world.
C. It is powerful and employs sharp language.
D. It calls for attention to the life of the underclass.
11. What does the underlined word “preeminent” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Awful. B. Potential. C. Outstanding. D. Particular.
D
People have probably observed that stress level can rise due to a lack of typical psychological breaks they get in workplaces. Walking to the tea room to make a cup of coffee, stopping for a chat with one of your colleagues or discussing your plan with your leaders will help you. All of those actions are actually giving our brains an opportunity to recharge.
The workplace banter (打趣) could be worn out when you’re employed from home. The psychological breaks, however, are vital to maintain your stress at the lowest level, so attempt to copy these mini-breaks at home. Besides, you need a proper schedule for yourself. Otherwise, things go against your wishes. For example, one of my friends devoted herself to her business, ignoring her family and her own health. Though she has achieved a lot in her business, now she is in poor health and has a broken home and good-for-nothing children.
One of the toughest issues about working from home is setting boundaries. People tend to overwork at home because they often confuse work and home life. You can moderately end working at a fixed time and have time to get along with your family members. If you begin the day by bearing this in your thoughts, it's completely possible for you to stick to it. At home, you can do a bit of gardening or take a slow relaxing walk within your yard to help increase your memory and overcome depression. Even doing some arts and crafts, reading an e-book or baking a cake may also help. Anyway, you need to take yourself away from the computer screen for a superb couple of hours every day.
As the saying puts it, “Sharpening your knife won’t waste your time for cutting your firewood”. If you have good psychological breaks while working from home, your working efficiency will be improved. Besides, you’ll manage and lessen your stress and create a good family relationship.
12. What cannot reduce people’s stress according to paragraph 1
A. Making a cup of coffee or tea. B. Recharging your brain with new ideas.
C. Discussing your plan with your leaders. D. Chatting with one of your colleagues.
13. Why do people tend to overwork at home
A. They cannot fix their working time. B. The working efficiency is improved.
C. They want to devote themselves to their business. D. It is hard to balance work and home life.
14. How can you take yourself away from the computer screen at home
A. Baking a cake for your family. B. Taking a long walk in your garden.
C. Going to the library to read a book. D. Doing a lot of gardening and handcrafts.
15. What’s the main idea of the text
A. Ways to improve working efficiency. B. Ways to reduce stress in workplaces.
C. Ways to lessen stress when working at home. D. Ways to create a good family relationship.
山东省日照市2022届高三一模考试英语试题
第一节（共15 小题；每小题 2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Teen adventure: Europe coast to coast 2022
If you are interested in Europe Coast to Coast for the summer of2022, please reach out to us and we will notify you when we’ve published the 2022 schedule and opened the application.
Holland, Belgium, Paris
Our group will gather in Amsterdam and spend the first night in the ancient Dutch city of Haarlem before picking up the well-traveled Nordzeeroute bike route. This protected, coastal path winds its way along the coast of the North Sea for nearly 300 miles, past windmills and over banks. We’ll make our way through charming Dutch and Belgian towns and cross the border into France. Once in France, we’ll ride quiet country roads through small villages, enjoying the many delights of rural French life along our way. We’ll continue south to Chantilly and take a train in to spend a day in the City of Light.
Rural France, Germany’s Black Forest & the Bodensee
From Paris, we continue east through the vineyard(葡萄园) covered hills of the Champagne region, into the green valleys of Alsace-Lorraine, and then on to Strasbourg, right on France’s border with Germany. We’ll cross the Rhine River and follow Germany’s outstanding network of bike paths through the charming Black Forest to the shores of Lake Constance, also known in Germany as the Bodensee. We’ll look across this famous lake to the snow-covered peaks of the Alps—the next leg of our journey together.
The Alps Northern Italy Venice
Leaving the Bodensee, we’ll start our climb into and through the Austrian Alps. Shortly after skirting the Swiss border, we’ll cross into Bella Italia and begin our downhill descent(斜坡) toward the warm waters of the Adriatic Sea. Upon arrival, we’ll put our bikes away and spend our final days together celebrating our great cycling skills while exploring Venice, one of the world’s most beautiful and mysterious cities.
1. Where will the adventurers explore the City of Light
A. In France. B. In Holland. C. In Belgium. D. In Germany.
2. What will the adventurers do in Germany
A. Swim in the Rhine River. B. Sail on Lake Constance.
C. Get to the top of the Alps. D. Ride through the Black Forest.
3. How many countries will the adventurers cross in total
A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven. D. Eight.
B
Despite Kyle Tianshi being only a 15-year-old US high schooler he has published five sci-fi novels. His fifth book Eventide was released in July. However, this may not be his most impressive achievement as Kyle just received the “Hero Award”, a $20, 000 grand prize. It is the top honor in the California Youth Sustainability Awards. The competition aims to encourage and support young community leaders who are making a difference for sustainability in their communities by taking action for the planet.
Kyle, a sophomore from the Cambridge School in the US, received the honor for his portable invention called NEREID. The device can detect microscopic particles(粒子) in water by using a laser and microscope. These particles can be harmful to people and the environment.
Kyle came up with the idea for the invention based on his experience growing up in San Diego, California, US. People had no access to unpolluted drinking water and his parents asked him not to drink tap water. Kyle spent about $60 buying the tools needed to analyze the tap water: a laser, a microscope and a micro-computer. “It’s incredibly powerful for the price,” Kyle said. Then he used their family’s garage as his laboratory, doing research on the pollution of drinking water caused by micro-plastics.
Kyle hopes to bring to market a low-cost alternative tool for detecting micro-plastic pollution levels in drinking water. In this way, he can offer help to people who don’t have access to water filtration(过滤) systems. He has applied for a patent.
Kyle said his sister Emily, a freshman at Stanford University, inspired his interest in environmental research. She was recognized nationally for developing a water collection device. They have founded the Clearwater Innovation program to advocate for clean water through social media platforms and organize community cleanup events.
4. What do we know about Kyle
A. He is good at adapting sci-fi works.
B. He entered many novel contests.
C. He received an award for his invention.
D. He’s found microscopic particles in water.
5. What led to Kyle’s creation of NEREID
A. People’s lack of clean drinking water. B. People’s poor living conditions.
C His desire to be a community leader. D. His family’s encouragement.
6. Which of the following best describes Kyle
A. Considerate and brave. B. Optimistic and honest.
C. Determined and humorous. D. Responsible and creative.
7. What’s the text mainly about
A. The introduction of NEREID. B. A boy’s contribution to literature.
C. The harm of polluted water. D. A US schooler’s water solution.
C
The exact location in France where Dutch master Vincent van Gogh painted his last work of art has been discovered.
A Dutch researcher figured out that a scene described in the artist’s last work, Tee Root, was visible on a postcard showing a man standing next to a bicycle on a back street of the village Auvers-sur-Oise. Van Gogh spent the last weeks of his life in the village. Helpfully, the card even included the name of the street.
Researchers were given a unique glimpse(体验) into the famous painter’s final hours. He was at work right up to the end.
Wouter van der Veen, scientific director of the Van Gogh Institute in France, made the discovery. While stuck at home, van de Veen used the extra time to organize the numerous files and documents on van Gogh, including images such as the old postcard from Auvers-sur-Oise. One day in late April, he saw the card on his computer screen and it suddenly struck him that he was looking at the location of Tree Roots. Next to the man and his bicycle, roots and trees are clearly visible. He took a virtual trip down the site using Google’s Street View.
“Villagers know the spot and the main tree root well, even giving it the name ‘the elephant’ because of its shapes,” van der Veen said. “It was really hiding in overt sight.”
The discovery provides tourists with an extra reason to visit Auvers-sur-Oise. “They travel a lot just for one reason—to walk in the footsteps of Vincent van Gogh. Now they can stand at the very place where he painted his last painting,” van der Veen said. “And that’s a very moving thing for a lot of people. So I’m very happy to be able to share that with all those who love van Gogh.”
8. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. What the postcard revealed. B. How Tee Roots was discovered.
C. Why Auvers-sur-Oise became known. D. Where van Gogh painted his works.
9. How did van der Veen confirm his discovery
A. He studied a picture of Auvers-sur-Oise.
B. He organized his data on van Gogh.
C. He traveled to France to see for himself.
D. He paid a visit to the spot online.
10. What does the underlined word “overt” in paragraph 5 mean
A. Mixed. B. Obvious. C. Lovely. D. Strange.
11. What can we infer about tourists to Auvers-sur-Oise
A. They enjoy exploring how to paint. B. They share their love for van Gogh.
C. They admire van Gogh very much. D. They want to experience the life there.
D
Plants don’t have ears or a central nervous system, but new research out of the University of Missouri has demonstrated that they might still have the ability to “hear”. More specifically, plants have been shown to exhibit an immune(免疫) response to the mere sound of a hungry insect.
For the study, researchers played the sound of a caterpillar chewing to a group of plants, which caused slight vibrations(振动) on the plants’ leaves. The plants were able to recognize these vibration patterns as danger, and responded by mounting the appropriate immune response. In other words, it appears that plants can “hear” themselves being chewed on.
Researchers assume that plants achieve this remarkable ability thanks to proteins that respond to pressure found within their cell membranes. Vibrations cause pressure changes within the cell, which can change the behavior of the proteins; however, additional study will be required to confirm or deny this theory.
Once researchers identify the exact mechanisms at play in this process, it could lead to advances in crop protection. Farmers could potentially learn to use sound to cause a plant’s natural chemical defenses against insect threats, rather than turning to poisonous chemicals.
“We can imagine applications of this where plants could be treated with sound or genetically engineered to respond to certain sounds that would be useful for agriculture,” said study author Heidi Appel.
The study adds to the growing list of ways that plants have been shown to sense their environments. They are not the boring organisms that many people assume they are. For instance, some plants are able to communicate with each other and signal upcoming danger to their neighbors by releasing chemicals into the air. Plants can respond to light (think about sunflowers) and temperature. Some can even respond to touch, such as the Venus flytrap(捕蝇草), which snaps shut when an insect stimulates its hairs.
12. Why did researchers carry out the study
A To find out if plants can react to sounds.
B. To learn how plants recognize dangers.
C. To discover if plants can shake their leaves.
D. To see how plants improve immune systems.
13. What’s the potential use of researchers’ discovery
A. To remove insects. B. To protect crops.
C. To treat plant diseases. D. To produce chemicals.
14. What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph
A There are more plants than we know.
B. Plants are more active than we think.
C. Plants fit in well with their environments.
D. Lots of secrets about plants remain unclear.
15. What can be the best title for the text
A. Can plants “talk” with each other
B. How do plants make use of sounds
C. Can plants “hear” themselves being eaten
D. How do plants defend themselves against attacks
山东省菏泽市2022届高三第一次模拟考试（一模）英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Want to feel more satisfied with life We picked out these 5 books that will promote your life in 2022.
Finding Your Element by Ken Robinson
Everyone has a passion. If you don’t know what yours is, it just means you haven’t discovered it yet. Or perhaps you have, but it was dismissed early in life. Find out how you can break daily routine and find your calling in life.
Emotional Intelligence by Daniel Goleman
Did you know if your pulse rate rises above 100 bpm, you’re likely too emotional to think calmly You probably let feelings cloud your judgment more often than you know. Goleman explains how you can avoid letting your emotions rule you and make better decisions in life.
How Will You Measure Your Life by Clayton M. Christensen, James Allworth and Karen Dillon
Are you making the right balance in life While career achievements can be satisfying, neglecting your family and friends can be harmful in the long run—in ways you can’t even imagine.
How to Stop Worrying and Start Living by Dale Carnegie
Ever wondered why you can’t stop worrying about something No matter how hard you try, are you focused on the same issue By defining the source of your stress, you can get over it once and for all. Carnegie came up with a timeless formula (公式) that helps you tackle any overthinking situation.
Thirteen Things Mentally Strong People Don’t Do by Amy Morin
Do you struggle to get over your failures Or concentrate on things out of your control Getting over these obstacles can have a significant influence on your everyday life. Morin shares how her most successful therapy patients overcame these difficulties.
1. In which aspect do all the five books benefit their readers
A. Offering them medical treatments. B. Teaching them how to survive longer.
C. Giving them appropriate life guidance. D. Helping them solve any life challenge.
2 When are you most likely to make a wise decision
A. When you ignore your friends. B. When you break daily routine.
C. When you control your emotion. D. When you overthink the same issue.
3. Which book is most helpful for people struggling against failures
A. Finding Your Element. B. How Will You Measure Your Life.
C. How to Stop Worrying and Start Living. D. Thirteen Things Mentally Strong People Don’t Do.
B
Beatrice De Lavallette was just 17 years old when she was seriously injured and lost both of her legs from the knee down.
The teen spent the next several months in intensive physical therapy working hard to regain her mobility and independence. She appreciated her family for supporting her and assuring her that life would go on during those dark days.
Her beloved horse, DeeDee, was especially helpful in her recovery. Beatrice grew up in an equestrian (马术的) family. She started riding when she was just a kid, competing in dressage (盛装舞步) by the time she was 12. When her therapist brought DeeDee to the hospital parking lot one day, Beatrice knew her love of horses and riding was the way forward.
“There are no real words to describe that day, but it was the start of my new life,” Beatrice wrote on her website. “A few days later, my occupational therapist drove me to the stables (马厩). I was lifted up onto DeeDee. Someone had to hold onto me, I had no muscle tone or control, but I knew I could do this.” Eager to get back to her “real life”, Beatrice began the challenging task of relearning how to ride. Her muscle tone was gone, so was her sense of balance, but she eventually regained the strength to ride without assistance.
In April 2017, Beatrice was finally able to return to competitions at a show. Now, six years after the accident that almost killed her, Beatrice was selected to represent Team USA at the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games!
DeeDee had retired from competing, so Beatrice rode her new horse, a Dutch warmblood named Clarc. The two of them earned fifth place in the grade II individual category and sixth in the freestyle! “My being here shows that literally anything is possible,” she said. “I know it’s kind of the usual thing to say, but it’s true. Just go for it.”
4. What happened after Beatrice got injured
A. She received her therapy sadly. B. She was free to get her mobility.
C. She continued to ride her loved horse by herself. D. She went through dark days with her family’s support.
5. What most probably drove Beatrice to start a new life
A. Her fifth place. B. Her popular website. C. Her good recovery. D. Her love of riding horses.
6. What did Beatrice do when relearning how to ride
A. She asked for much assistance. B. She overcame lots of difficulty.
C. She doubted her muscle strength. D. She went in for physical exercises.
7. What can we learn from Beatrice’s story
A Detail is the key to success. B. Not to advance is to go back.
C. Many hands make light work. D. Nothing is impossible if you work hard.
C
A young woman holds up a book and smiles, saying, “This is day one of me reading ‘The Song of Achilles’.” The video jumps forward. “And this”, she sobs, with tears on her face. “is me finishing it.” Another video, entitled “Books that will make you SOB”, offers written notes on how various stories got readers to cry, such as “I can’t think about it without bawling (痛哭)” and “ended up crying so much I had to change my shirt.”
This is BookTok, as the literary wing of the app TikTok is known. Imagine the emotional changes of a Victorian drama, add music, and you have the general idea.
BookTok is passionate. It is also profitable—at least for publishers. Bloomsbury, a publishing house based in Britain, recently reported record sales and a 220% rise in profits, which Nigel Newton, its boss, put down partly to the “absolute phenomenon” of BookTok.
On Amazon, BookTok is so influential that it has leapt into the titles of books themselves. The novel “It Ends With Us”, for instance, is now listed as “It Ends With Us: TikTok made me buy it!” Evidently TikTok did a good job: the romantic novel is riding high in the top 100 in both Britain and America.
At the same time, BookTok pushes back against publishing amnesia (失忆症). Books areimagined to offer immortality (不朽) to authors—to be a “monument more lasting than bronze”, as the Roman poet Horace wrote- but the lifespan of most books is amazingly short. Dig out a list of bestsellers from 20 years ago: not only are today's readers unlikely to buy them, most won't have heard of them. Many of the books will have joined the lists of what W.H. Auden called the “undeservedly forgotten”.
BookTok is reviving backlists. One reason publishers noticed it, says Philip Gwyn Jones of Picador, a British imprint, was that, under its influence, old titles were coming back into the bestseller charts. It offers such books “a second life”, and he applauds it. Start trending on BookTok, and eventually, a great book finds its readers.
8. What does the woman probably mean by saying “And this is me finishing it” in the first paragraph
A. She will bring an end to the book. B. She will share her reading experience.
C. She goes through a reading nightmare. D. She feels regretful of reading the book.
9. Why is BookTok added to the titles of books
A. To boost the sale of books. B. To raise the profit of books.
C. To introduce the use of BookTok. D. To stress the influence of BookTok.
10. How does Booktok revive backlists
A. By curing publishers of their amnesia. B. By connecting them with the publishers.
C. By building a lasting monument for them. D. By commenting them emotionally on the videos.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Books and social media—Word of mouth
B. Books and social media—Friend or enemy
C. From Books to BookTok—An unstoppable trend
D. From Books to BookTok—Exploring everlasting values
D
Around one heart attack in 50 in rich European countries is caused by long exposure to loud traffic, according to the World Health Organization. The ill-effects of noise pollution in such countries are second only to those from dirty air. Long-term exposure can cause hormonal (荷尔蒙的) imbalances as well as mental-health problems.
Roadside barriers can help decrease the noise, but they are expensive—up to $600,000 per kilometer. Besides, they work less well on windy days and are impractical along city streets.
Happily, there is another option. By adding rubber powders, recycled from used tyres, to the bitumen (沥青) and broken stones used to make asphalt (柏油路), engineers are designing quieter streets. First used experimentally in the 1960s, this rubberized, softer asphalt cuts traffic noise by around 25%. Even better, it also lasts longer than the normal sort. Not surprisingly, rubberized asphalt is catching on.
Rubberized asphalt keeps the noise down in a couple of ways. Gaps between the stones in standard asphalt must be small, because if they are too big the bitumen binding (粘合剂) cannot do its job properly. Adding rubber thickens the bitumen. That allows bigger gaps, which help to trap and spread sound waves. The rubberized bitumen itself is flexible, which enables it to absorb more unwanted sound energy.
Bitumen is made from oil, which means its price has risen over the past decade alongside that of the oil. Thrown-away tyres, by contrast, are cheap and are likely to get cheaper. Nowadays enough tyres are recycled in America each year to produce 20,000 miles of the stuff, enough to rebuild about 0.5% of America's roads.
Rubber roads are also popular in China, Brazil, Spain and Germany. Their popularity could spread further, since it is now possible to make rubberized asphalt less expensively than the traditional sort.
12. What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about concerning noise pollution
A. It does more harm than air pollution.
B. It becomes the main cause of heart attack.
C. It may cause health problems in the long run.
D. It can be got rid of by putting up roadside barriers.
13. How does the rubber work when added to the bitumen to reduce noise
A. By absorbing sound energy. B. By allowing bigger gaps in the bitumen.
C. By holding the broken stones together. D. By trapping and spreading sound waves.
14. What is the author's attitude to rubberized asphalt
A. Favorable. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
15. What is one reason why the rubber road is getting popular worldwide
A. It has a good recycling. B. It has a lower cost.
C. It has a high standard. D. It has an unwanted flexibility.
山东省潍坊市2022届高三下学期三月份英语高考模拟试题（一模）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
These are the life-changing apps that will help you build better habits in 2022.
Streaks
Streaks lets you create up to 24 different tasks that you can complete each day. Complete a task, mark it on the app, and you'll start building your progress. Streaks also has other features available, like reminders and statistics.to help you keep your habits on track. It collects no fees.
Strides
Strides makes your goals easy and attainable. You'll be able to track your progress and see how far along you are with progress reports and charts that'll show you your advancement and your success rate on any given goal. You can create unlimited reminders and build up your routine from the ground up. The app asks you to join their monthly subscription.
ATracker
With ATracker, time all your activities and stop wasting time on unimportant tasks. You can create and define your daily and weekly goals to avoid losing track of your good and bad habits. Having tracked, you can see what you've done in a beautiful chart. You can also see a goal report to make sure you're staying on track with your new year's resolutions. The app is $4.99, but it's only a one-time payment.
Coach.me
Coach.me is mostly free. You'll get to track your progress and get bonus points for achieving your goals. What's cool about Coach.me is that you can join a community of people like you where they are willing to help out each other. You can even take it one step further by hiring a coach, although that's going to cost you extra.
1. Which app is free of charge
A. Streaks. B. Strides.
C. ATracker. D. Coach.me.
2. What do Strides and ATracker have in common
A. They help to time vital tasks. B. They offer a progress chart.
C. They have reminding functions. D. They update information every month.
3. What can you do with Coach.me
A. Earn cash rewards. B. Employ a coach for free.
C. Get support from other users. D. Make progress in your studies.
B
Thirty-five years ago, with just one acre of land, a couple of seeds and a bucket of hope, one Nigerian-born scientist began his mission to defeat famine (饥荒) on his continent.
News of the drought across Africa in the early 1980s troubled Nzamujo. Equipped with a microbiology PhD and his faith, he travelled back to Africa. There, he found a continent ecologically rich, diverse and capable of producing food. He believes drought wasn’t the only reason for widespread hunger, and that sustainability had been left out.
Nzamujo began designing a “zero waste” agriculture system that would not only increase food security, but also help the environment and create jobs. In 1985, he started his sustainable farm “Songhai” in the West African country of Benin.
Nzamajo lives on the farm and constantly updates his techniques. He credits his degrees in science and engineering for Songhai’s success. But he also thanks his spiritual and cultural roots, and his father — a driving force in his life who encouraged him to pursue his studies to the highest degree and to use Songhai to share his knowledge.
Songhai has several “eco-literacy” development programs. They range from 18-month training courses for farmer-enterprisers, to shorter stays to learn techniques like weeding. People come from all over the world to study Nzamujo’s methods.
After seeing success on his first zero waste farm, he expanded throughout Benin and western Africa. Today, the Songhai model is applied across the continent, including Nigena. Uganda, Sierra Leone and Liberia, Nzamujo says they've trained more than 7.000 farmer-enterprisers and more than 30, 000 people in total since it began.
Nzamujo believes zero waste agriculture is now steadily tackling the issues he set out to defeat, hunger, unemployment and environmental declines. And he wants to see it go further.
4. Which factor related to famine was unnoticed in Nzamujo’s eyes
A. Poor soil. B. Water shortage.
C. Lack of resources. D. Unsustainability.
5. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3
A. Introduce a solution. B. Give examples to the readers.
C. Add some background information. D. Summarize the previous paragraphs.
6. How does Songhai help to ease the problem of famine
A. By offering land. B. By trading seeds.
C. By educating farmers. D. By selling technology.
7 Which of the following best describes Nzamujo
A. Critical and careful. B. Learned and responsible.
C. Optimistic and generous. D. Considerate and ambitious.
C
Being taken off the endangered species list doesn't guarantee a carefree future for whales. Recent research estimates that the population of Pacific gray whales off North America's West Coast has dwindled by almost a quarter since 2016. Starting in 2019, alarming numbers of dead gray whales were spotted on beaches and floating offshore throughout their habitat, from Mexico to Alaska. The National Marine Fisheries Service defined it as an “Unusual Mortality Event”. UMEs are declared when a “significant die-off” occurs and when information is collected to clarify why it occurs.
The Arctic has historically low levels of sea ice in recent years, upending the delicate ecosystem that sustains gray whales. Like other migrators, they don't feed on their winter breeding (繁殖) grounds or along their migration, and must gain weight during the summer to sustain themselves through the rest of the year. Observers using air photography noted the whales looked skinnier and arrived in Mexico in poor condition, which suggested they were not finding enough food during the summer.
This die-off is alarmingly similar to the events of 20 years ago when another UME resulted in a significant drop in the gray whale population. Although the cause was ultimately undetermined, it's thought that the population reached “carrying capacity”—it grew too large for the environment to support it. Although that idea has been suggested for this die-off as well, it's more likely blamed on the changing conditions of the Arctic.
Gray whales hunted almost to extinction by the mid-20th century, were one of the first to be protected from hunting. The Eastern North Pacific population rebounded without pressure from whaling and was taken off the Endangered Species List; the Western North Pacific population is still listed as endangered. This die-off is a reminder that “delisting” doesn't indicate a population's secure future. New threats arise, climate change upends habitats, and continued monitoring is needed in case a crash comes.
8. What does the underlined word “dwindled” in paragraph 1 mean
A. Increased. B. Bounced.
C. Multiplied. D. Dropped.
9. What will gray whales usually do in winter
A. Consume few calories. B. Travel south to breed.
C. March back to Alaska. D. Seek food in the Arctic.
10. What might be the main cause of the current UME
A. Serious illnesses. B. Sea pollution.
C. Environmental changes. D. Limited carrying capacity.
11. What's the author's attitude to the “delisting”
A. Favorable. B. Concerned.
C. Intolerant. D. Regretful.
D
Gov. Kathy Hochul's proposal to allow restaurants to sell drinks to go with reasonable limitations was met with great enthusiasm all across New York. But New York's liquor (酒) stores have already begun a campaign of misinformation in an effort to block this.
Their basic argument is that the governor's proposal will result in an increase in underage sales, drunken driving, or any other public health problems. However, they throw these statements around without offering any support for their claims—because there is none.
While the liquor stores frequently claim that the laws have been unchanged since the abolishment (废除) of Prohibition in 1934, in just the past 20 years the rules governing liquor stores have been changed, permitting the use of online third-party delivery services and allowing stores to open on Sundays. Restaurant advocates didn't oppose these expanded privileges because they didn't have a significant impact on restaurant sales.
What hasn't changed of the law since Prohibition is the restriction on new liquor store licenses that give liquor stores a geographic territorial monopoly (垄断) to protect them from competition. Under typical circumstances, the State Liquor Authority will only issue a new liquor store license if the nearby stores report steadily increasing sales. However anti-competitive and outdated this restriction may be, it does serve as a protection against their concerns—in the very unlikely event they come to pass.
Economically, the pandemic has been a major help to the liquor store business. Before the pandemic, liquor stores sold 76% of all liquor in New York State and now they sell nearly 85%. And remember, during this period, restaurants were allowed drinks-to-go sales, showing their false claims of economic collapse are not grounded in reality or experience. The sales shift from restaurants to liquor stores over the past two years demonstrates clearly that restaurants have lost sales to liquor stores—we just want to stop the bleeding. While the restaurant industry rebounded for a part of 2021, employment still remains more than 20% below pre-pandemic levels.
12. Why did liquor stores oppose the proposal according to the author
A. Threat to public health. B. Boost of underage sales.
C. Concerns about their sales. D. Limitations to drinks to go.
13. What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph
A. Liquor stores are in a dog-eat-dog world.
B. Prohibition makes liquor stores dead in the water.
C. The number of liquor stores is under control.
D. What liquor stores worry about is reasonable.
14. What does the underlined word “their” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Restaurants. B. Governors.
C. New Yorkers. D. Liquor stores.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Let restaurants sell drinks to go.
B. Defend liquor stores privileges.
C. Liquor industry is losing money.
D. Restaurants are racing with liquor stores.
参考答案
山东省烟台市、德州市2022届高三一模英语试题
【1~3题答案】
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一年一度的全球儿童油画艺术竞赛的相关事宜。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Entries for group and individual categories will be judged separately and in the following age groups: age 4-7 years, age 8-11 years, and age 12-16 years.(团体和个人组别的参赛作品将分别在以下年龄组进行评判：4-7岁，8-11岁，12-16岁)”可知，参赛作品会分为3个年龄组别。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Please note that you mustn’t send us your actual artwork, however. You need to send us a photograph and video of it in addition to completing the relevant group or individual entry form.(然而，请注意，你不能寄给我们你的实际作品。除了填写相关的团体或个人报名表外，您还需要将参赛作品的照片和视频发给我们)”可知，向DSWF提供原始实物艺术品不满足本次竞赛的要求。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第段中“Entries will be judged on the quality of art, interpretation of the theme, creativity, and for group entries — level of joint work.(参赛作品将根据艺术质量、主题阐释、创造力和团体作品的联合工作水平进行评判)”可知，评判团体参赛作品时，要额外考虑“level of joint work”，即合作水平。故选B项。
【4~7题答案】
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。67岁的英国人罗伊·帕特里克在意大利从事古董交易。帕特里克以16500美元的价格在卡雷加山村买了一栋旧校舍。本文介绍了这既冒险又有趣的经过。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The house is particular and the view is unique: The way the sun goes down over the mountains, you’d say ‘wow’. It’s a fantastic wonderland.”（这栋房子很特别，风景也很独特：当太阳下山时，你会说‘哇’。这是一个奇妙的仙境。）可知，帕特里克买这旧校舍，是因为它很特别，而且周边环境也很特别。选项C“它的独特性和周围环境。”符合文意，故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The property was offloaded by the local government to boost the populations of communities in decline.”（当地政府出让了这块地产，以增加衰落社区的人口。）可知，政府卖掉这块地的意图是为了增加人口，为了吸引更多的居住者。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“During the restoration needed to make the old school habitable, Patrick unexpectedly unearthed a great many treasures: dusty piles of old text books, inkwells, pupil registers and other historical items.”（在修复旧学校以使其适于居住的过程中，帕特里克意外地挖掘出了许多宝藏：积满灰尘的成堆的旧教科书、墨水瓶、学生登记册和其他历史物品。）可知，帕特里克本来只是买了一个旧校舍，却从中发掘了一些珍贵的历史物品，这就是added bonuses (额外的福利)了。B选项“挖掘一些历史发现。”符合文意，故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““There are nights when people throw a party with loud music,” says Patrick. Otherwise it’s just singing birds and total silence.”（帕特里克说：“有些夜晚，人们会开着喧闹的音乐派对。”除此之外，只有鸟儿在歌唱，一片寂静。）可推断，除了夏夜开音乐派对的时候，这个地方会有点喧闹，其余时间都是安静的。故选A。
inging birds and total silence.”（帕特里克说：“有些夜晚，人们会开着喧闹的音乐派对。”除此之外，只有鸟儿在歌唱，一片寂静。）可推断，除了夏夜开音乐派对的时候，这个地方会有点喧闹，其余时间都是安静的。故选A。
【8~11题答案】
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了将无人机用于灯光表演的优点与它可能给环境带来的影响，以及人们对无人机灯光表演的态度。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。结合常识和第一段“The appeal of fireworks could fizzle out with the growing use of drones (无人机) for light shows, though.(不过，随着无人机越来越多地用于灯光表演，烟花的吸引力可能会fizzle out)”中“fireworks”和“the growing use of drones”可知，烟花表演与无人机的表演是有共性的，都属于夜空中的灯光秀，因此，当无人机越来越多地用于灯光表演，烟花表演就减少或被替代，由此推知，划线短语与Wind up意思相近，意为“结束”。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中Howitt的话“We do think it’s going to be something that’s ever catching on, as opposed to it being a short-lived sort of fashion people have suddenly got interested in. Drones are reusable and there’s no fallout. In that sense they’re a very good, sustainable option (我们确实认为它将会成为一种流行趋势，而不是人们突然间对它产生兴趣的一种短暂的时尚。无人机可以重复使用，而且不会产生放射性尘埃。从这个意义上说，它们是一个非常好的、可持续的选择)”可推知，Howitt认为无人机展示的发展呈上升的趋势。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中Howitt的话“We find fireworks work really well when teamed up with drones. But we don’t really see it as a one-replacing-the-other at all. We feel as if it’s just another tool in the chest for how you enliven the sky and what you want to do with the show you’re putting on(我们发现烟花和无人机配合时效果非常好。但我们并没有真正把它看作是一个取代另一个。我们觉得它只是另一个工具，用来让天空生动起来，让你想对你正在上演的节目做些什么)”可知，Howitt认为无人机并不会取代烟花，建议把它作为一种选择。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了将无人机用于灯光表演的优点与它可能给环境带来的影响，以及人们对无人机灯光表演的态度。因此我们可能在网站与环境有关的部分读到这段文字。故选D项。
【12~15题答案】
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是数字革命对拯救经济的影响。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Nations lacking in schools, hospitals and banks will jump at the first digital option that comes along and quickly bridge these gaps by establishing online services.(缺乏学校、医院和银行的国家将会欣然接受第一个出现的数字化选择，并通过建立在线服务迅速弥补这些差距。)”可知，缺乏基本公共设施的国家更愿意接受数字服务。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Since 2010, the cost of starting a business has held steady in developed countries while falling sharply in emerging countries, from 66% to just 27% of the average annual income. Businessmen can now launch businesses affordably, organizing much of what they need on a smartphone.(自2010年以来，在发达国家，创业成本一直保持稳定，而在新兴国家，创业成本则大幅下降，从平均年收入的66%降至27%。商人们现在可以负担得起创办企业，用智能手机组织他们需要的很多东西。)”可推断出新兴国家的商人通过以较低的成本做生意来从数字技术中获益，故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“While the pandemic is weakening globalization, the age of rapid digitization has just begun. This offers many developing economies a revolutionary new path to catching up with the living standards of the developed world.(在疫情削弱全球化的同时，快速数字化时代才刚刚开始。这为许多发展中经济体提供了一条革命性的新道路，以赶上发达国家的生活水平。)”可推断出最后一段提到了“汽车和蒸汽机”是为了表明数字化将产生长期影响。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“People wonder how they will pay debts rung up during the Covid-19 pandemic and how they can grow rapidly as they did in the past.(人们想知道他们将如何偿还Covid-19大流行期间的债务，以及他们如何能像过去那样快速增长。)”和第二段的“The freshest answer is the fast-spreading digital revolution (革命).(最新鲜的答案是迅速蔓延的数字革命。)”可知，本文主要讲的是数字革命对拯救经济的影响，因此最好的题目是C选项“Digital Tech Saves the Declining Emerging Markets(数字技术拯救衰退的新兴市场)”，故选C。
山东省泰安市2022届高三一模考试英语试题
【1~3题答案】
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，简要介绍了四位对世界作出贡献的女性先驱。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Ali Stroker中关键句“she became the first performer in a wheelchair to take home a Tony Award.”（她成为第一个坐轮椅拿着托尼奖回家的演员。）及“After becoming the first actor in a wheelchair in Broadway history in 2015, she won the award for her powerhouse performance in the revival of Oklahoma!”（在2015年成为百老汇历史上第一个坐轮椅的演员后，她因在《俄克拉荷马的复兴中》出色的表演而获奖。）可知，Ali Stroker以其特别艺术表演而闻名。故选C项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Anna Bissell中关键句“She traveled around the country selling sweepers and making deals with major retailers to carry the Bissell brand. Eventually, she took the brand international.”（她在全国各地销售扫地机，并与主要零售商达成协议，推广比塞尔品牌。最终，她把这个品牌推向了国际市场。）可知，Anna Bissell是一位有奉献精神的女性。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Susan B. Anthony中关键句“She was also a vocal advocate for abolishing slavery and improving workers’ rights, higher education for women, and training standardization and registration for nurses.”（她还积极倡导废除奴隶制、改善工人权利，促进妇女接受高等教育，提升护士标准化培训和注册。）及Malala Yousafzai中关键句“When terrorists began seizing power in her hometown and attacking girls’ schools, Yousafzai gave a speech defending her and all women’s right to an education.She continued to speak out even after her cover was blown and the terrorists issued a death threat.”（当恐怖分子开始在她的家乡夺取政权并袭击女子学校时，Yousafzai发表演讲，捍卫她和所有女性受教育的权利。即使在她的身份被揭露，恐怖分子发出死亡威胁后，她仍继续直言不讳。）可知，Susan B. Anthony和Malala Yousafzai两位女性对于女性教育做出了巨大贡献。故选D项。
【4~7题答案】
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了什么是虚拟空间（metaverse）、其产生的由来及运用。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Amid a pandemic like COVID-19, instead of seeing teachers and classmates on a video call screen, you could join them in a virtual classroom. This may help you understand the concept, metaverse.(在像COVID-19这样的大流行中，你可以在虚拟教室中与他们一起，而不是在视频通话屏幕上看到老师和同学。这可能会帮助你理解“虚拟空间”这个概念)”可推知，虚拟空间能与视频通话一样，同样保护自己免受流行病的侵害。故选D项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Metaverse was first used in Neal Stephenson’s novel Snow Crash in 1992.(虚拟空间在1992年Neal Stephenson的小说《雪灾》中首次使用)”及本段内容可知，第三段描述了虚拟空间的起源。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“In recent years, metaverse has become the latest popular word to capture the tech industry’s imagination so much that one of the best-known Internet platforms is renamed to embrace the futuristic idea-Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg recently announced that he changed his company’s name to Meta.(近年来，虚拟空间已经成为吸引科技行业想象力的最新流行词汇，以至于最知名的互联网平台之一被重新命名——Facebook首席执行官马克·扎克伯格最近宣布，他将公司的名字改为Meta——以接受未来主义的想法)”可知，Facebook首席执行官使用Meta作为其公司名字是因为他接受了虚拟空间以接受未来主义的想法。故选D项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The headsets cost $300 or more, putting the metaverse’s most cutting-edge experiences out of reach for many. For users who can afford it, they can enter the virtual worlds created by different companies.(这款耳机的价格为300美元或更多，让很多人无法获得超时空最先进的体验。对于有钱的用户来说，他们可以进入由不同公司创建的虚拟世界)”可知，VR耳机用户可以体验虚拟世界。故选B项。
【8~11题答案】
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，叙述了今年的诺贝尔文学奖获得者小说家Abdulrazak Gurnah的作品内容，写作背景及别人的作品评价等。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah is this year’s winner of the Nobel Prize in literature in recognition of his “compassionate penetration of the effects of colonialism and the fate of the refugee”.”（小说家Abdulrazak Gurnah获得今年的诺贝尔文学奖，以表彰他“对殖民主义影响和难民命运富有同情心的洞察”。）可知，Gurnah的作品主要与战争和殖民主义的影响有关。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“In 1964, Gurnah was forced to leave for England as a refugee, where he began to reflect on his experiences in a diary and then through stories.”（1964年，Gurnah被迫以难民的身份前往英国，在那里，他开始通过日记和故事来反思自己的经历。）及“The thing that motivated the whole experience of writing for me was this idea of losing your place in the world”（对我来说，整个写作经历的动力就是失去自己在这个世界上的地方）可推知，Gurnah的难民经历激发了他写作的灵感。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“He has written work that is absolutely unfearing and yet at the same time completely compassionate and full of heart for people of East Africa”（他的作品绝对无所畏惧，但同时又对东非人民充满同情和爱心）及“He is writing stories that are often quiet stories of people who aren’t heard, but there’s an insistence there that we listen.”（他写的故事通常是安静的没有被倾听的人们的故事，但我们坚持要倾听。）可知，Maaza Mengiste认为Gurnah的作品呼吁人们关注下层社会的生活。 故选D项。
【11题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“Novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah is this year’s winner of the Nobel Prize in literature in recognition of his “compassionate penetration of the effects of colonialism and the fate of the refugee”.”（小说家Abdulrazak Gurnah获得今年的诺贝尔文学奖，以表彰他“对殖民主义影响和难民命运富有同情心的洞察”。）第五段“Gurnah “is widely recognized”（Gurnah被广泛认可）可知，Gurnah是优秀的作家，获得了诺贝尔文学奖，被全世界认可。故选C项。
【12~15题答案】
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了在家工作时减轻压力的方法。
【12题详解】
细节理

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