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(共15张PPT)
XB2U5 Grammar
你学过哪些it作形式宾语的句式？
it 作形式宾语的用法？
当不定式、动名词或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为了保持句子的结构平衡，常用it作为形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到句子后部去。
it 没有具体的意义，仅用于维持句子结构平衡。构成结构为：
动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语
it作形式宾语宾要有三种情况：代表不定式作形式宾语、代表动名词作形式宾语、代表宾语从句作形式宾语。
常见的以it作形式宾语的动词有：feel, consider, find, believe, make, take, imagine, prove, think, suppose, regard, notice等。
it 代表不定式作形式宾语
He found it pleasant to work with us Chinese.
He makes it a rule never to borrow money from others.
I don’t feel it difficult to understand the passage.
注意：当真正的宾语是动词不定式（短语）时，不定式（短语）可以有自己的逻辑主语，该逻辑主语常由for引出。
e.g. He likes stay up late, so he often feels sleepy, which makes it difficult for him to concentrate on what he is doing.
（逻辑主语和真正的主语保持一致，都是he）
He likes stay up late, so he often feels sleepy, which makes it uncomfortable for his colleagues to work with him.
（逻辑主语his colleagues和真正的主语he不一致）
it 代表动名词作形式宾语
I think it no good spending too much time watching TV.
我认为花太多时间看电视是没有好处的。
I feel it hard work persuading him into doing it.
我感觉说服他做那件事很难。
用v-ing（短语）作真正的宾语时，其宾补通常是no use, no good, a waste, hard work等。
it 代表宾语从句作形式宾语
动词+it+that从句（常见于take, have, put等动词之后）
I take it that he will finish the task by himself.
我认为他能自己完成这项任务。
动词+it+when/if从句（常见于hate, like, love, appreciate, enjoy, prefer等动词之后）
I hate it when he talks with his mouth full.
I’d appreciate it if you could do us a favour.
it 代表宾语从句作形式宾语
在一些特殊结构中，用it作形式宾语。
动词+it+介词短语+that从句
take it for granted that ... 认为……是理所当然的
owe it to sb. that ... 多亏……/幸亏……
bring it to sb’s attention that ... 让某人注意到……
He seemed to take it for granted that he should speak as a representative.
I owe it to my teacher that I made such rapid progress.
You should bring it to his attention that you are too weak to go on working.
你应该让他注意到你太虚弱而不能继续工作。
it 代表宾语从句作形式宾语
在一些特殊结构中，用it作形式宾语。
动词+介词+it+that从句
see to it that ... 确保……
look to it that ... 看……/指望……
insist on it that ... 坚持……
stick to it that .... 坚持……
answer for it that ...回答……
depend on it that ... 依靠……
Would you see to it that she gets home early
He insisted on it that he was innocent.
it 代表宾语从句作形式宾语
动词+it+过去分词+that从句
He made it known to everyone that he was right.
他让每个人都明白他是对的。
活学活用
语法填空：
I would appreciate ______ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
it
Susan made _____ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.
it
We feel it our duty ________(make) our country a better place.
to make
I find it hard ______ me to get on well with my classmates.
for
活学活用
语法填空：
I think it no use _____ (talk) about it with them.
talking
We find it essential ______ we should learn to spend money wisely.
that
The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, withough making it impossible ________(focus).
to focus
活学活用
Translate the following sentences.
我认为保护环境非常重要。
I think it very important to protect the environment.
以前我们总是理所当然地认为自然资源取之不尽，这对大自然造成了巨大的伤害。
We took it for granted that the natural resources were endless, which caused great harm to nature.
我们一定要确保采取有效措施阻止污染。
We should see to it that effective measures should be taken to prevent pollution.
Summary
it 作形式宾语结构：动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语
it 代表不定式作形式宾语
it 代表动名词作形式宾语
it 代表宾语从句作形式宾语
动词+it+that从句
动词+it+when/if从句
动词+it+介词短语+that从句
动词+介词+it+that从句
动词+it+过去分词+that从句
Homework
Read The adventures of Tom Sawyer chapter 4
书P78 A5
U5语言点积累
THANK YOU

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