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北京市部分区2022-2023学年上学期高三英语期末解析版试卷分类汇编
完形填空专题
北京市东城区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末统一检测英语试卷
一、完形填空
Jennifer finds Cecelia reading a newspaper alone in the room. “Hi Cecelia, do you___1___me Jennifer.” The 91-year-old resident at Newburgh elder care center says a friendly hello, but doesn’t seem to recognize Jennifer today.
It’s one nice spring afternoon. Jennifer invites Cecelia to go down to the___2___. She helps Cecelia head to the elevator. Cecelia wheels herself forward, as Jennifer___3___guides her from behind.
The two have been getting to know each other over the past few months since Jennifer, the recent Boston University graduate, began to volunteer in the center,___4___residents with Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默症).
Down in the courtyard, Cecelia begins reading a poem, slowly and lyrically (抒情地). Jennifer listens attentively, and then asks if Cecelia knows who wrote the poem，to help her with a “___5___stretch”. Together, they reflect on the poem’s meaning. Cecelia’s deep understanding of the poem suggests that she is such a___6___lady. Jennifer tells Cecelia, “You’re the one who makes me___7___coming here every week. I love learning from you. You’re like my teacher.”
“You give the old people a___8___to think and to know they get good care,” Cecelia replies.
Jennifer’s relationship with Cecelia has played an important role in___9___ her passion for looking after older generations. “We should take time to listen to them. Just listening is an act of_____10_____,” Jennifer says.
1．A．hear B．understand C．trust D．remember
2．A．courtyard B．center C．elevator D．room
3．A．bravely B．lightly C．gratefully D．immediately
4．A．relying on B．looking into C．appealing to D．caring for
5．A．hand B．leg C．brain D．back
6．A．frank B．wise C．modest D．humorous
7．A．look forward to B．pay attention to C．give in to D．object to
8．A．dream B．method C．chance D．plan
9．A．rediscovering B．exchanging C．consuming D．shaping
10．A．friendship B．kindness C．loyalty D．courage
北京市大兴区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末试卷英语试题
一、完形填空
On a Saturday afternoon, you find most kids outside playing games. Kids are made for the ___1___, with their endless energy and the easy way in which they make friends. It’s not ___2___ for Kameron, an ordinary, fun-loving 7-year-old girl who loves to draw out the world’s longest hopscotch(跳格子) on the sidewalk. But in between ___3___, Kameron takes time to do something special for her ___4___ neighbors whose children have long since left home.
Kameron first started waving to them. Most of them smiled back. Then Kameron decided that some of them needed a little ___5___. So she ran home, took her violin and made the rounds. “Can I play you a song ” she asked, after knocking on the door.
Gustav smiled wide. His wife Vivian, who has had muscular dystrophy(肌肉萎缩) for over 20 years, stood ___6___, and had difficulty moving about. It looked terribly uncomfortable. They’ve ___7___ their daily walks with afternoon drives, but even those are getting too difficult for Vivian.
Gustav let Kameron in, and Vivian ___8___ both arms of her chair and pulled to it. On the table beside her was a photo of her with Gustav when they were young and energetic. “Want me to play your favorite song ” Kameron asked. “Of course,” Gustav answered. It was the only song Kameron knew.
The small violin ___9___ seriously under Kameron’s chin(下巴). She played as best as she could. Vivian beat her leg to keep rhythm for Kameron. Gustav held Vivian’s other hand. It was not the performance that was moving, but the ____10____ it brought.
1．A．lessons B．outdoors C．classrooms D．experiences
2．A．easy B．normal C．different D．necessary
3．A．games B．exams C．destinations D．conversations
4．A．young B．proud C．elderly D．lovely
5．A．pressure B．emotion C．ambition D．pleasure
6．A．honestly B．awkwardly C．gratefully D．determinedly
7．A．replaced B．linked C．replied D．combined
8．A．took care of B．took charge of C．took out of D．took hold of
9．A．rocked B．rested C．jumped D．wandered
10．A．styles B．profits C．memories D．adventures
北京市昌平区2022-2023学年第一学期高三年级期末质量抽测英语试题
一、完形填空
Recently my wife and I were flying across the country. We were about to board our ___1___ when a woman sitting next to us had a medical episode.
I came back from the restroom and sat down next to my wife, who leaned in to me and whispered “Something’s ___2___ . ” A woman was collapsing and quickly lost control of her body. I ___3___ and bent in front of her, asking if she was okay.
She ___4___ herself as Miss Jackie. I told her that I was not a ___5___ , but I was there for her to help in any way she needed.
In one hand I held hers and with my other hand I supported her head, carefully asking what was happening. She ___6___ that she had a condition. When her body is exposed to a lot of stress, her body goes into a nervous breakdown.
She explained that she had suffered from this ___7___ condition for thirty years and would be “perfectly fine in just a while”. Just like Jackie said, she was completely fine within about twenty minutes. As I was still concerned about her, Jackie agreed to board with my ___8___ . I stayed behind to ensure she boarded the plane safe and sound.
___9___ , what Jackie needed was someone to listen to her. Don’t be afraid to listen to strangers and help them out. Everyone has their own battles and ____10____ and sometimes they just need someone to care.
1．A．ship B．train C．bus D．flight
2．A．extraordinary B．different C．wrong D．unfamiliar
3．A．jumped up B．pulled up C．made up D．woke up
4．A．explained B．introduced C．claimed D．described
5．A．judge B．policeman C．journalist D．doctor
6．A．revealed B．insisted C．denied D．expected
7．A．normal B．casual C．terrible D．necessary
8．A．control B．accompany C．agreement D．appointment
9．A．Strangely B．Certainly C．Naturally D．Actually
10．A．conflicts B．struggles C．competitions D．campaigns
北京市海淀区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末练习英语试卷
一、完形填空
We’ve all heard the saying “Laughter is the best medicine”. And there might be something in this idiom. Numerous studies have shown that people who report greater ___1___ tend to have better medical outcomes.
For instance, a 2017 study at the University of Nottingham tested the effect of mood on 138 retirees ___2___ the normal flu injection. Those who felt happy on the day of the vaccination went on to ___3___ more flu-fighting antibodies. Earlier work at Yale University and the University of Florida has also shown that people’s mood affects the activation of genes that fight disease.
But does happiness lead to good ___4___, or is it the other way around After all, it could be that people who have strong immune systems ___5___ have higher levels of other mood-improving brain chemicals as well.
Here is a possible evolutionary ___6___. Humans evolved as social creatures that cooperate in groups to ___7___ food and protect themselves from wild animals. We were happier with a(n) ___8___ network of friends and family because this improved our chances of survival. But closely socializing groups are also breeding grounds for respiratory (呼吸的) ___9___ such as flu and colds, so we would have needed to increase the activity of the genes that fight these diseases.
For those who were ___10___ from society, however, infectious disease was less of a problem, and genes that help recover from physical injury may have been prioritized instead of the ones that fight disease.
1．A．success B．confidence C．happiness D．determination
2．A．avoiding B．receiving C．missing D．organizing
3．A．produce B．repair C．detect D．absorb
4．A．health B．mood C．relationship D．performance
5．A．gradually B．naturally C．randomly D．rarely
6．A．solution B．prediction C．application D．explanation
7．A．consume B．serve C．secure D．purchase
8．A．fixed B．enormous C．complicated D．close
9．A．functions B．infections C．activities D．systems
10．A．cut off B．taken over C．picked out D．made up
北京市石景山区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末英语试卷
一、完形填空
As a biologist and photographer, I always take my camera everywhere to take pictures of wild animals. One day, I was standing on a boat when a very large female leopard seal(海豹) swam by. I put on my diving equipment and grabbed my ____1____. I was frightened because she was so big. My mouth was dry, and I couldn’t even ____2____. But I knew it was time to ____3____ this mysterious creature.
I jumped into the freezing water. Immediately, the seal swam towards me. Then she put my entire camera and much of my head into her mouth. Thinking this must be a sign of ____4____, I decided to stay very calm. Although the seal was showing me her teeth, I tried not to ____5____ any fear. She did it a few more times, and then swam away. To my ____6____, she came back with a live penguin. And she even showed me how to eat it. Then she pushed the penguin into my camera—she thought the camera was my mouth!
Being a biologist, I understood that she was trying to ____7____ me. But I thought that she was really trying to communicate with me. At this point, she didn’t seem very ____8____. She stayed by me and took care of me for four days.
I got many amazing pictures during those four days. And, more importantly, I’ve learned that animals do not always behave the way we ____9____. I believe the _____10_____ experience I had with this powerful and intelligent animal will stay with me forever.
1．A．knife B．bag C．camera D．gun
2．A．escape B．make C．move D．fight
3．A．approach B．adopt C．imagine D．rescue
4．A．respect B．sympathy C．reward D．threat
5．A．confirm B．expose C．overcome D．reduce
6．A．satisfaction B．regret C．surprise D．sorrow
7．A．feed B．comfort C．attack D．assess
8．A．reliable B．dangerous C．sensitive D．ambitious
9．A．admire B．promise C．demand D．expect
10．A．confusing B．similar C．incredible D．bitter
参考答案
北京市东城区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末统一检测英语试卷
1．D 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了义工詹妮弗照顾养老院91老人塞西莉亚的故事。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：嗨，塞西莉亚，你还记得我吗？我是詹妮弗。A. hear听；B. understand理解；C. trust相信；D.remember记得。根据下文“Jennifer”以及“but doesn’t seem to recognize Jennifer today.”可知，詹妮弗问塞西莉亚是否记得她。故选D项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗邀请塞西莉亚到院子里去。A. courtyard庭院；B. center中心；C. elevator电梯；D. room房间。根据下文“Down in the courtyard”可知，詹妮弗邀请塞西莉亚到院子里去。故选A项。
3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：塞西莉亚向前推进，詹妮弗轻轻地从后面引导她。A. bravely勇敢地；B. lightly 轻轻地；C. gratefully感激地；D. immediately立即。根据常识可知，塞西莉亚是个91岁的老人且坐着轮椅，所以要轻轻地引导她。 故选B项。
4．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最近几个月，波士顿大学毕业生詹妮弗开始在该中心做志愿者，照顾患有阿尔茨海默病的居民，这两人就开始相互了解。A. relying on依靠；B. looking into调查；C. appealing to呼吁；D. caring for照顾，关心。根据下文“they get good care”可知，波士顿大学毕业生詹妮弗开始在该中心做志愿者，照顾患有阿尔茨海默病的居民。故选D项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗全神贯注地听着，然后问塞西莉亚是否知道这首诗是谁写的，以帮助她“脑洞大开”。A. hand手；B. leg腿；C. brain大脑；D. back后背。根据上文“asks if Cecelia knows who wrote the poem”以及下文“Together, they reflect on the poem’s meaning.”可知，然后问塞西莉亚是否知道这首诗是谁写的，以帮助她“脑洞大开”（恢复记忆）。故选C项。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：塞西莉亚对这首诗的深刻理解表明她是一位如此聪明的女士。A. frank坦率的；B. wise聪明的；C. modest谦虚的；D. humorous幽默的。根据上文“Cecelia’s deep understanding of the poem”可知，塞西莉亚对这首诗的深刻理解表明她是一位如此聪明的女士。故选B项。
7．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗告诉塞西莉亚：你是那个让我期待每周来到这里的人。A. look forward to期望；B. pay attention to注意 ；C. give in to屈服；D. object to反对。根据下文“I love learning from you. You’re like my teacher.”可知，詹妮弗告诉塞西莉亚：你是那个让我期待每周来到这里的人。故选A项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你给老人们一个思考的机会，让他们知道自己得到了很好的照顾，”塞西莉亚回答。A. dream梦想；B. method方法；C. chance机会；D. plan计划。根据下文“to think and to know they get good care”可知，你给老人们一个思考的机会，让他们知道自己得到了很好的照顾。故选C项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗与塞西莉亚的关系在塑造她照顾老年人的热情方面发挥了重要作用。A. rediscovering重新发现；B. exchanging交流 ；C. consuming消费 ；D. shaping形成、塑造。根据上文“You’re the one who makes me ___7___ coming here every week. I love learning from you. You’re like my teacher.”以及下文“her passion for looking after older generations.”可知，詹妮弗与塞西莉亚的关系在塑造她照顾老年人的热情方面发挥了重要作用。故选D项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：倾听是一种善意的行为。A. friendship友谊；B. kindness善意；C. loyalty忠诚；D. courage勇气。根据上文“began to volunteer in the center”以及“listening”可知，倾听是一种善意的行为。故选B项。
北京市大兴区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末试卷英语试题
1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一个七岁的小女孩为老年夫妇演奏小提琴的故事。这对夫妇生活很孤苦，妻子常年生病，小女孩的演奏给他们带来了极大的欢乐。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们天生适合户外活动，他们有无穷的精力和轻松的交友方式。A. lessons课程；B. outdoors户外；C. classrooms教室；D. experiences经验。由前文“ you find most kids outside playing games”可知，这里应讲孩子天生适合“户外”玩。故选B项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于Kameron来说，这并没有什么不同，她是一个普通的、爱玩乐的7岁女孩，喜欢在人行道上跳世界上最长的跳房子。A. easy容易的；B. normal正常的；C. different不同的；D. necessary必需的。由后文“who loves to draw out the world’s longest hopscotch(跳格子) on the sidewalk”可知，Kameron和其他孩子并没有什么“不同”，同样喜欢户外。故选C项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在比赛间隙，Kameron花时间为她的年长邻居做一些特别的事情，他们的孩子早就离开了家。 A. games游戏；B. exams考试；C. destinations目的地；D. conversations对话。由前文“who loves to draw out the world’s longest hopscotch(跳格子) on the sidewalk”以及后文可知，Kameron在玩跳房子“游戏”的间隙，她会做一些别的事情。故选A项。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在比赛间隙，Kameron花时间为她的年长邻居做一些特别的事情，他们的孩子早就离开了家。A. young年轻的；B. proud骄傲的；C. elderly老年的；D. lovely美丽的。由后文“ whose children have long since left home”和“ a photo of her with Gustav when they were young and energetic”可知，现在她的邻居已经“年老了”。故选C项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后Kameron决定他们中的一些人需要一点乐趣。A. pressure压力；B. emotion情绪；C. ambition野心；D. pleasure乐趣。由后文“Vivian beat her leg to keep rhythm for Kameron. Gustav held Vivian’s other hand.”可知，Kameron的表演为他们带去了快乐，所以这里应表明她想给别人带去“乐趣”。故选D项。
6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的妻子Vivian患有肌肉萎缩症已经20多年了，她站的时候很笨拙，行动不便。A. honestly诚实地说；B. awkwardly尴尬地，笨拙地；C. gratefully感激地；D. determinedly果断地。由前文“who has had muscular dystrophy(肌肉萎缩) for over 20 years”可知，Vivian腿有病，站起来很“笨拙”。故选B项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们已经用下午开车取代了每天的散步，但即使是这样， 对Vivian来说也变得太难了。A. replaced替换；B. linked连接；C. replied回答；D. combined联合。由后文“their daily walks with afternoon drives”可知，散步对他们都困难了，所以他们用开车外出“代替”了散步。replace ...with...表“用...代替...”,为固定搭配。故选A项。
8．考查动词词组辨析。句意：Gustav让Kameron进来， Vivian抓住椅子的两端，拖着身子坐在了椅子上。A. took care of照顾；B. took charge of负责；C. took out of从中取出；D. took hold of掌握，握住。由前文“stood 　6　　”和后文“both arms of her chair”可知， Vivian刚开始是站着的，这里“握住”椅子的两端，然后拖着身子坐了上去。故选D项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这把小提琴认真地搁在Kameron的下巴下。A. rocked摇；B. rested休息，搁置；C. jumped跳；D. wandered徘徊。由后文“under Kameron’s chin”可知，Kameron把小提琴“放置”在自己下巴下。故选B项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人感动的不是表演，而是它带来的回忆。A. styles样式；B. profits利润；C. memories记忆；D. adventures冒险。由前文“On the table beside her was a photo of her with Gustav when they were young and energetic.”以及结合文意可知，这里讲Kameron的演奏让他们“回忆”以前年轻没有生病的快乐日子了。故选C项。
北京市昌平区2022-2023学年第一学期高三年级期末质量抽测英语试题
1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和他的妻子在旅行时帮助了一位患病的妇女登上飞机的故事，同时作者也呼吁人们要勇于倾听和帮助别人。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正准备登机时坐在我们旁边的一位女士突然发病了。A. ship船；B. train火车；C. bus汽车；D. flight航班。根据前文“Recently my wife and I were flying across the country.”可知，最近作者和他的妻子将要坐飞机穿越这个国家，推断出他们正准备登机。故选D项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从洗手间回来，坐在我妻子的旁边，她靠过来低声说：“有点不对劲儿。”。A. extraordinary不同寻常的；B. different不同的；C. wrong（身体）有毛病的；D. unfamiliar不熟悉的。根据后文“A woman was collapsing and quickly lost control of her body.”可知，一位妇女倒下了并且身体快速地失去控制，推断出作者的妻子发现旁边的妇女身体出了问题。故选C项。
3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我跳起来在她面前俯下身，问她是否还好。A. jumped up跳起来；B. pulled up阻止；C. made up弥补；D. woke up醒来。根据前文“sat down next to my wife”可知，作者当时是坐在椅子上的，由于突发的情况，推断出他是从椅子上跳起来帮助这个妇女。故选A项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她介绍说她是Miss Jackie。A. explained解释；B. introduced介绍；C. claimed声明；D. described描述。根据前文“I ___3___ and bent in front of her, asking if she was okay.”可知，作者在询问这位妇女的情况，推断出妇女是在回答作者的问题，所以介绍了自己的名字。故选B项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她我不是医生，但是如果她有任何需要我都会尽力帮助她。A. judge裁判，法官；B. policeman警察；C. journalist记者；D. doctor医生。根据后文“In one hand I held hers and with my other hand I supported her head, carefully asking what was happening.”可知，作者一手扶着她的手而另一只手托着她的头，仔细询问她发生了什么情况，说明作者看不出妇女的病情，推断出他并不是医生。故选D项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她透露说她有疾病。A. revealed透露；B. insisted坚持；C. denied否认；D. expected期盼。根据前文“carefully asking what was happening”可知作者询问了她的情况，所以她告诉作者她的疾病。故选A项。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他只是说他患有这种糟糕的症状已经有三十年了，过一会儿就会完全好起来。A. normal正常的；B. casual随意的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. necessary必要的。根据前文“A woman was collapsing and quickly lost control of her body.”可知，妇女发病的时候很痛苦，不能控制自己的身体，推断出她认为这个疾病很糟糕。故选C项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我仍旧担心她，Jackie同意在我的陪伴下登机。A. control控制；B. accompany陪伴；C. agreement同意；D. appointment约会。根据后文“I stayed behind to ensure she boarded the plane safe and sound.”可知，作者站在妇女的身后确保她平安健康地登上飞机，推断出作者是陪伴着Jackie登上飞机的。故选B项。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，Jack真正需要的是有个人听她说话。A. Strangely奇怪地；B. Certainly确定；C. Naturally自然地；D. Actually事实上。根据后文“what Jackie needed was someone to listen to her”可知，Jackie只是需要有人听她说话这是一个客观事实，“事实上”符合句意。故选D项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都有自己的斗争与难事，并且有些时候他们需要的仅仅是某些人的关心。A. conflicts冲突；B. struggles难事；C. competitions比赛；D. campaigns战役。根据前文“She ___6___ that she had a condition.”可知，她患有疾病就是她面临的难事。故选B项。
北京市海淀区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末练习英语试卷
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。“笑是最好的良药”。许多研究表明，幸福感更高的人往往有更好的医疗结果。文章对此进行了解释。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多研究表明，幸福感更高的人往往有更好的医疗结果。A. success成功；B. confidence信心；C. happiness快乐；幸福；D. determination决心。结合上文“Laughter is the best medicine”可知，此处指笑带给人们的更大的幸福往往会带来更好的医疗结果。故选C。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，2017年诺丁汉大学的一项研究测试了138名接受正常流感注射的退休人员的情绪效果。A. avoiding避免；B. receiving接受；C. missing错过；D. organizing组织。结合下文“the normal flu injection”可知，此处指他们接受流感疫苗的注射。故选B。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些在接种疫苗当天感到高兴的人继续产生更多的抗流感抗体。A. produce制造；生产；B. repair修理；C. detect发现；D. absorb吸收。根据空前“Those who felt happy on the day of the vaccination”及下文“more flu-fighting antibodies”可知，对于当天接种疫苗的人而言，他们会产生更多的流感抗体。故选A。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是高兴真的能带来健康吗，还是恰恰相反呢？A. health健康；B. mood情绪；C. relationship关系；D. performance表现。结合前文“ people’s mood affects the activation of genes that fight disease.”可知，人们的情绪会影响对抗疾病的基因的激活，所以此处是在问高兴真的能带来健康吗。故选A。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，那些拥有强大免疫系统的人自然也会有更高水平的其他改善情绪的大脑化学物质。A. gradually逐渐地；B. naturally自然地；C. randomly随便地；任意地；D. rarely稀有地。根据下文“have higher levels of other mood-improving brain chemicals as well”可知，拥有强大免疫系统的人自然也会有更高水平的其他改善情绪的大脑化学物质。故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里有一个可能的进化解释。A. solution解决方法；B. prediction预测；C. application应用；D. explanation解释。根据下文内容提示，可知此处是用人类的进化来作解释。故选D。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人类作为社会性生物进化而来，它们群体合作以获得食物并保护自己免受野生动物的伤害。A. consume消费；B. serve服务；C. secure（尤指通过努力）获得；取得；D. purchase购买。根据下文“protect themselves from wild animals”可知，此处指人类通过群体合作来获得食物。故选C。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们与朋友和家人的密切关系网更快乐，因为这提高了我们生存的机会。A. fixed固定的；B. enormous巨大的；C. complicated复杂的；D. close亲近的；亲密的。结合下文“network of friends and family because this improved our chances of survival. But closely socializing groups”可知，这里指和朋友及家人之间的亲密关系，提高了我们的生存机会。故选D。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，密切社交的群体也是流感和感冒等呼吸道感染的滋生地，因此我们需要增加抗击这些疾病的基因的活性。A. functions功能；B. infections传染病；C. activities活动；D. systems系统。结合下文“such as flu and colds”可知，感冒和流感是传染病。故选B。
10．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，对于那些与社会隔绝的人来说，传染病并不是什么大问题，帮助他们从身体伤害中恢复过来的基因可能会被优先考虑，而不是那些对抗疾病的基因。A. cut off 切断；B. taken over掌管；C. picked out挑选出；D. made up编造。结合上文“closely socializing groups are also breeding grounds for respiratory (呼吸的) 　9　　 such as flu and colds”及下文“infectious disease was less of a problem”可知，密切社交的群体也是流感和感冒等呼吸道感染的滋生地，因而若要没有传染病得问题，就要切断和社会的联系。故选A。
北京市石景山区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末英语试卷
1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者拍摄海豹的经历及感悟。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我穿上了潜水设备，拿起了照相机。A. knife刀；B. bag包；C. camera照相机；D. gun枪。根据后文的 “Then she put my entire camera and much of my head into her mouth.”可知，海豹把我的头和相机放在了他的嘴里，所以我是带着相机潜水的。故选C项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的嘴唇发干，甚至都无法动弹的了。A. escape逃跑；B. make制作；C. move移动；D. fight斗争。根据前文的“I was frightened”可知，我看见海豹后十分害怕，一动不动地待在那里。故选C项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我知道，这是接近这个神秘生物的好时候。。A. approach接近；B. adopt采取；C. imagine想象；D. rescue营救。根据后文的“I jumped into the freezing water.”可知，我决定跳入水里，近距离观察海豹，所以此处是接近这个海豹。故选A项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为这一定是威胁的信号，所以决定保持冷静。A. respect尊重；B. sympathy同情；C. reward回报；D. threat威胁；恐吓。根据前文的“Then she put my entire camera and much of my head into her mouth.”可知，海豹看到人类后，采取了威胁恐吓人类的做法。故选D项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管海豹向我展示它的牙齿，但我尽力不显露出任何害怕。A. confirm确认；B. expose暴露；C. overcome克服；D. reduce减少。根据前文的“I decided to stay very calm.”可知，尽管海豹在威胁我，但我还是尽力保持冷静，不露出害怕的神情。故选B项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：使我惊讶的是，它叼着一只活着的企鹅又回来了。A. satisfaction满足；B. regret后悔；C. surprise惊讶；D. sorrow悲伤。根据后文的“she came back with a live penguin.”可知，我没有想到海豹会去而复返，还带着一只企鹅，所以当它叼着一只活着的企鹅又回来了，我很惊讶。故选C项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名生物学家，我理解海豹尝试用企鹅喂我吃。A. feed喂养；B. comfort安慰；C. attack攻击；D. assess评估。根据前文的“Then she pushed the penguin into my camera—she thought the camera was my mouth!”可知，海豹把照相机当成了我的嘴，把企鹅推到了我的“嘴边”，说明海豹是在喂养我，想让我吃了企鹅。故选A项。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，它看上去似乎不那么危险了。A. reliable可靠的；B. dangerous危险的；C. sensitive多愁善感的；D. ambitious野心勃勃的。根据后文“She stayed by me and took care of me for four days.”可知，从那一刻开始，海豹开始信任我，我也不再害怕它了。故选B项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，我得知动物的行为并不总是我们预期的那样。A. admire钦佩；B. promise承诺；C. demand要求；D. expect预期，期待；认为。根据前文“Then she put my entire camera and much of my head into her mouth.”及“Then she pushed the penguin into my camera—she thought the camera was my mouth!”可知，海豹的行为前后发生了很大的变化，一开始威胁我，后来信任了我，给我分享食物吃。说明海豹并不是像人们认为的那样可怕危险。故选D项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我相信与这只强大聪慧的动物在一起的不可思议的体验将伴随我终生。A. confusing令人困惑的；B. similar相似的；C. incredible难以置信的；惊人的；不可思议的；D. bitter痛苦的。根据前文“She stayed by me and took care of me for four days.”及“I got many amazing pictures during those four days. ”可知，我与海豹在一起的经历是非常美妙的，不可思议的。故选C项。

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