资源简介 中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台2023年广东中考英语一轮语法复习专题(一)名词(Noun)【旧知回顾】(2022年,广东中考,第33题)She was her music___________favorite student.A.teacher B.teachers C.teacher’s【考试情况】以下是2020-2022年名词在广东中考英语考试中的考察情况:从表格可知,近三年来名词在广东中考英语里面主要考察可数名词的单复数和名词所有格,因此在23年的备考中,我们依旧还是要把这两个考点吃透。时间 语法选择 短文填空2022年 第33题:考察名词所有格teacher’s 第71题:考察根据句意,填写出名词water2021年 第36题:考察可数名词的复数形式birds 第73题:考察根据句意,填写出名词letters2020年 无 第70题:考察根据句意,填写出名词money第71题:考察根据句意,填写出名词idea【考点再现】在呈现考点之前,先一起来了解一下名词的含义以及它的分类:名词的含义:名词是用来表示人、事、物、地点或抽象概念的统一名称。名词的分类: 考点一:可数名词及其单复数1.可数名词的含义:指可以分为个体,且可直接用数目进行计数的名词。2.可数名词变复数的规则:(1)规则变化:情况 例词一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s book-books书 chair-chairs椅子以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的,直接在词尾加-es bus-buses公共汽车 box-boxes箱子watch-watches手表 dish-dishes碟子,盘子以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,把y改i,再加-es cherry-cherries樱桃 factory-factories工厂story-stories故事【补充】以“元音字母+y”结尾的,直接在词尾加-s:boy-boys男孩 holiday-holidays假期 monkey-monkeys一些以-o结尾的名词,通常情况下在词尾加-s photo-photos照片 zoo-zoos动物园piano-pianos钢琴 radio-radios收音机【补充】以下以-o结尾的名词,是要在词尾加-es:tomato-tomatoes西红柿 potato-potatoes土豆 hero-heroes英雄 Negro-Negroes黑人口诀:黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆。一些以-f或-fe结尾的名词,把-f或-fe改为v,再加-es wolf-wolves狼 wife-wives妻子knife-knives小刀【补充】少部分以-f或-fe结尾的名词,直接在词尾后加-s:belief-beliefs信仰 chief-chiefs首领(2)不规则变化变化情况 例词内部元音发生变化 a变e man-men男人 woman-women女人oo变ee tooth-teeth牙齿 foot-feet脚 goose-geese鹅其他 mouse-mice老鼠单复数同形 deer鹿 sheep绵羊 fish鱼 Chinese中国人 Japanese日本人口诀:中国人和日本人爱吃鱼羊鹿。词尾发生变化 child-children孩子 ox-oxen公牛(3)由man,women和其他名词构成的复合名词变复数时,两个名词都要变为复数形式:man doctor-men doctors男医生 woman teacher-women teachers女老师⊙小试牛刀:根据提示写出下面名词的正确形式。toy(复数形式)_________________ fish(复数形式)_________________lake(复数形式)_________________ bus(复数形式)_________________hero(复数形式)_________________ cherries(单数形式)_________________lives(单数形式)_________________ photos(单数形式)_________________mice(单数形式)_________________ geese(单数形式)_________________policeman(复数形式)_________________ German(复数形式)_________________答案:(1) toys;(2) fish;(3) lakes;(4) buses;(5) heroes;(6) cherry;(7) life;(8) photo;(9)mouse;(10) goose;(11) policemen;(12) Germans 考点二:不可数名词1.不可数名词的含义:指不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的名词。2.不可数名词量的表达:由于不可数名词没有复数形式,因此我们要表达不可数名词的量的时候,必须要借助表示量的单位词来一起表达不可数名词的量,常用的表达方式有以下两种:(1)a/an/基数词+(单数/复数)单位词+of+不可数名词a piece of paper一张纸 a bottle of water一瓶水two kilos of rice两千克大米 three pieces of cake两块蛋糕(2)当要表示不可数名词大概的量的时候,我们可以用much,a lot of/lots of,a little,little,plenty of,some/...+不可数名词来表示。⊙小试牛刀:根据括号里的中文提示来填写单词。1. I can give you_________________(一些建议)for learning. 答案:some advice1. -Could you please give me_________________(一杯牛奶)and_________________(两块面包)?-Sure, here you are.答案:a cup of milk 考点三:名词所有格:1.名词所有格的含义:表示名词之间的所有关系,可以译为“...的...”。2.名词所有格的形式:形式 构成方法 例句’s属格 一般情况下,直接在词尾加-’s the boy’s toys男孩的玩具以-s结尾的复数名词,直接在词尾加-’ Students’book学生们的书不以-s结尾的复数名词,直接在词尾加-’s Children’s Day儿童节of属格 名词+of+名词 the classroom of the windows教室的窗户双重所有格 名词+of+-’s属格/名词性物主代词 a friend of my father’s我爸爸的一个朋友3.名词所有格的用法:(1)’s属格用法 例句一般用于有生命的名词后 Tim’s father提姆的爸爸用于表示时间、距离、度量衡、价值等名词后 two day’s meeting两天的会议a kilometer’s distance一公里的距离用于表示国家、城市的名词后 China’s population中国人口Shenzhen’s parks深圳的公园用于构成不同的节日 Teachers’ Day教师节 Children’s Day表示某人的店铺、住宅及医院、学校等公共建筑【补充】有时为了避免重复,我们通常可以省略’s/’后面的名词。 at the doctor’s(office)在医院at Ken’s(home)在肯的家“名词+and+名词+’s”表示两个人共同拥有;“名词+’s+and+名词+’s”表示两个人分别拥有 Amy’s and Alice’s rooms艾米和爱丽丝的(分别拥有)Amy and Alice’s mother艾米和爱丽丝的妈妈(共同拥有)(2)-of属格:表示无生命名词的所有关系。a map of Guangzhou一张广州地图 the roof of the house这个房子的屋檐(3)名词所有格:表示部分时,of前面的名词一般有a,an,some,any,few,two,no,several之类的修饰词来对其进行修饰。some photos of mine一些我的照片 several books of my sister's我妹妹的好几本书⊙小试牛刀:用括号里的单词的正确形式填空。1. (2016年,重庆中考,第27题改编)It’s sports time. Most_________________(boy)students in Class one are playing football in the playground. 答案:boys’1. (2016年,新疆乌鲁木齐中考,第27题改编)It only takes me eight_________________(hour)ride to travel from Urumqi to Lanzhou by taking the high-speed railway. 答案:hours’【真题演练】 题型一:语法选择:1. (2018年,广东中考,第32题)The three_________________upstairs are too small to have enough_________________for a double bed.A.room;room B.room;rooms C.rooms;room D.rooms;rooms2. (2020年,广州中考,第9题)The bandit(山贼)takes one book and shouts,“ Next time I want _________________! ”.A.some money B.any money C.some moneys D.any moneys3. (2021年,广东中考,第36题)People could enjoy the scenery and watch_________________there.A.bird B.birds C.bird’s D.birds’4. (2022年,广东惠州市六校中考一模,第36题)And remember that you should always wear trainers one size larger than your usual_________________to run.A.shoe’s B.shoes’ C.shoe D.shoes 题型二:单句填空:1. (2018年,深圳中考,第49题)There are more job_________________(chance)here than in any other country in the world. 答案:chances2. (2019年,广东中考,第75题)In the village, there are many paintings of_________________, such as cats and birds. 答案:animals3. (2019年,深圳中考,第54题)“Just think, Jason”, said Andy, “ what a mess two_________________(dog) ”. 答案:dogs4. (2020年,广东中考,第70、71题)One morning Jane saw some elder kids selling lemon juice by the street.They want to raise_________________to help their friends. Then she came up with an_________________. 答案:money;idea(2020年,深圳中考,第55题)Every life should be free and they are our_________________(friend). 答案:friends(2021年,广东中考,第73题)Lao Pan’s new book includes his forty-seven_________________to his family back to his family in American.The letters show China’s development in different periods.答案:letters5. (2021年,深圳中考,第42题)Xu began to translate Chinese poetry into both English and_________________ (France)when he was still a teenager. 答案:Frence6. (2022年,广东中考一模,第70题)The man at the ticket counter said,“Hey,mister,did you just win the lottery(彩票)or something?You could save yourself three_________________. 答案:dollars7. (2022年,广东中考,第71题)At that time, people made a tea in a simple way just put fresh tea leaves into hot_________________. 答案:water8. (2022年,深圳中考,第42题)Wang Lun explained that “peach flowers” was the name of a pool of water and Wan was the family name of the wine house_________________(own). 答案:ower9. (2022年,广东佛山禅城区中考一模,第75题)Yesterday, my friend called and told me that every time she saw the pencil case, she thought of me and got a warm feelings. Her _________________made me very happy. 答案:words10. (2022年,广东惠州市六校中考一模,第75题)“I have two_________________. One is to enjoy the cool under the tall rice, and the other is to grow hybird rice across the world,”Yuan said. 答案:dreams【注意】 千万不要忘记专有名词首字母要大写!!!名词根据名词的意义根据名词的可数性专有名词普通名词名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词可数名词不可数名词可数名词不可数名词21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷年,第 2 页 (共 2 页)HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台2023年广东中考英语一轮语法复习专题(一)名词(Noun)【旧知回顾】(2022年,广东中考,第33题)She was her music___________favorite student.A.teacher B.teachers C.teacher’s【考试情况】以下是2020-2022年名词在广东中考英语考试中的考察情况:从表格可知,近三年来名词在广东中考英语里面主要考察可数名词的单复数和名词所有格,因此在23年的备考中,我们依旧还是要把这两个考点吃透。时间 语法选择 短文填空2022年 第33题:考察名词所有格teacher’s 第71题:考察根据句意,填写出名词water2021年 第36题:考察可数名词的复数形式birds 第73题:考察根据句意,填写出名词letters2020年 无 第70题:考察根据句意,填写出名词money第71题:考察根据句意,填写出名词idea【考点再现】在呈现考点之前,先一起来了解一下名词的含义以及它的分类:名词的含义:名词是用来表示人、事、物、地点或抽象概念的统一名称。名词的分类: 考点一:可数名词及其单复数1.可数名词的含义:指可以分为个体,且可直接用数目进行计数的名词。2.可数名词变复数的规则:(1)规则变化:情况 例词一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s book-books书 chair-chairs椅子以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的,直接在词尾加-es bus-buses公共汽车 box-boxes箱子watch-watches手表 dish-dishes碟子,盘子以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,把y改i,再加-es cherry-cherries樱桃 factory-factories工厂story-stories故事【补充】以“元音字母+y”结尾的,直接在词尾加-s:boy-boys男孩 holiday-holidays假期 monkey-monkeys一些以-o结尾的名词,通常情况下在词尾加-s photo-photos照片 zoo-zoos动物园piano-pianos钢琴 radio-radios收音机【补充】以下以-o结尾的名词,是要在词尾加-es:tomato-tomatoes西红柿 potato-potatoes土豆 hero-heroes英雄 Negro-Negroes黑人口诀:黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆。一些以-f或-fe结尾的名词,把-f或-fe改为v,再加-es wolf-wolves狼 wife-wives妻子knife-knives小刀【补充】少部分以-f或-fe结尾的名词,直接在词尾后加-s:belief-beliefs信仰 chief-chiefs首领(2)不规则变化变化情况 例词内部元音发生变化 a变e man-men男人 woman-women女人oo变ee tooth-teeth牙齿 foot-feet脚 goose-geese鹅其他 mouse-mice老鼠单复数同形 deer鹿 sheep绵羊 fish鱼 Chinese中国人 Japanese日本人口诀:中国人和日本人爱吃鱼羊鹿。词尾发生变化 child-children孩子 ox-oxen公牛(3)由man,women和其他名词构成的复合名词变复数时,两个名词都要变为复数形式:man doctor-men doctors男医生 woman teacher-women teachers女老师⊙小试牛刀:根据提示写出下面名词的正确形式。toy(复数形式)_________________ fish(复数形式)_________________lake(复数形式)_________________ bus(复数形式)_________________hero(复数形式)_________________ cherries(单数形式)_________________lives(单数形式)_________________ photos(单数形式)_________________mice(单数形式)_________________ geese(单数形式)_________________policeman(复数形式)_________________ German(复数形式)_________________ 考点二:不可数名词1.不可数名词的含义:指不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的名词。2.不可数名词量的表达:由于不可数名词没有复数形式,因此我们要表达不可数名词的量的时候,必须要借助表示量的单位词来一起表达不可数名词的量,常用的表达方式有以下两种:(1)a/an/基数词+(单数/复数)单位词+of+不可数名词a piece of paper一张纸 a bottle of water一瓶水two kilos of rice两千克大米 three pieces of cake两块蛋糕(2)当要表示不可数名词大概的量的时候,我们可以用much,a lot of/lots of,a little,little,plenty of,some/...+不可数名词来表示。⊙小试牛刀:根据括号里的中文提示来填写单词。1. I can give you_________________(一些建议)for learning.1. -Could you please give me_________________(一杯牛奶)and_________________(两块面包)?-Sure, here you are.(1)考点三:名词所有格:1.名词所有格的含义:表示名词之间的所有关系,可以译为“...的...”。2.名词所有格的形式:形式 构成方法 例句’s属格 一般情况下,直接在词尾加-’s the boy’s toys男孩的玩具以-s结尾的复数名词,直接在词尾加-’ Students’book学生们的书不以-s结尾的复数名词,直接在词尾加-’s Children’s Day儿童节of属格 名词+of+名词 the classroom of the windows教室的窗户双重所有格 名词+of+-’s属格/名词性物主代词 a friend of my father’s我爸爸的一个朋友3.名词所有格的用法:(1)’s属格用法 例句一般用于有生命的名词后 Tim’s father提姆的爸爸用于表示时间、距离、度量衡、价值等名词后 two day’s meeting两天的会议a kilometer’s distance一公里的距离用于表示国家、城市的名词后 China’s population中国人口Shenzhen’s parks深圳的公园用于构成不同的节日 Teachers’ Day教师节 Children’s Day表示某人的店铺、住宅及医院、学校等公共建筑【补充】有时为了避免重复,我们通常可以省略’s/’后面的名词。 at the doctor’s(office)在医院at Ken’s(home)在肯的家“名词+and+名词+’s”表示两个人共同拥有;“名词+’s+and+名词+’s”表示两个人分别拥有 Amy’s and Alice’s rooms艾米和爱丽丝的(分别拥有)Amy and Alice’s mother艾米和爱丽丝的妈妈(共同拥有)(2)-of属格:表示无生命名词的所有关系。a map of Guangzhou一张广州地图 the roof of the house这个房子的屋檐(3)名词所有格:表示部分时,of前面的名词一般有a,an,some,any,few,two,no,several之类的修饰词来对其进行修饰。some photos of mine一些我的照片 several books of my sister's我妹妹的好几本书⊙小试牛刀:用括号里的单词的正确形式填空。1. (2016年,重庆中考,第27题改编)It’s sports time. Most_________________(boy)students in Class one are playing football in the playground.1. (2016年,新疆乌鲁木齐中考,第27题改编)It only takes me eight_________________(hour)ride to travel from Urumqi to Lanzhou by taking the high-speed railway.【真题演练】 题型一:语法选择:1. (2018年,广东中考,第32题)The three_________________upstairs are too small to have enough_________________for a double bed.A.room;room B.room;rooms C.rooms;room D.rooms;rooms2. (2020年,广州中考,第9题)The bandit(山贼)takes one book and shouts,“ Next time I want _________________! ”.A.some money B.any money C.some moneys D.any moneys3. (2021年,广东中考,第36题)People could enjoy the scenery and watch_________________there.A.bird B.birds C.bird’s D.birds’4. (2022年,广东惠州市六校中考一模,第36题)And remember that you should always wear trainers one size larger than your usual_________________to run.A.shoe’s B.shoes’ C.shoe D.shoes 题型二:单句填空:1. (2018年,深圳中考,第49题)There are more job_________________(chance)here than in any other country in the world.2. (2019年,广东中考,第75题)In the village, there are many paintings of_________________, such as cats and birds.3. (2019年,深圳中考,第54题)“Just think, Jason”, said Andy, “ what a mess two_________________(dog) ”.4. (2020年,广东中考,第70、71题)One morning Jane saw some elder kids selling lemon juice by the street.They want to raise_________________to help their friends. Then she came up with an_________________.5. (2020年,深圳中考,第55题)Every life should be free and they are our_________________(friend).6. (2021年,广东中考,第73题)Lao Pan’s new book includes his forty-seven_________________to his family back to his family in American.The letters show China’s development in different periods.7. (2021年,深圳中考,第42题)Xu began to translate Chinese poetry into both English and_________________ (France)when he was still a teenager.8. (2022年,广东中考一模,第70题)The man at the ticket counter said,“Hey,mister,did you just win the lottery(彩票)or something?You could save yourself three_________________.9. (2022年,广东中考,第71题)At that time, people made a tea in a simple way just put fresh tea leaves into hot_________________.10. (2022年,深圳中考,第42题)Wang Lun explained that “peach flowers” was the name of a pool of water and Wan was the family name of the wine house_________________(own).11. (2022年,广东佛山禅城区中考一模,第75题)Yesterday, my friend called and told me that every time she saw the pencil case, she thought of me and got a warm feelings. Her _________________made me very happy.12. (2022年,广东惠州市六校中考一模,第75题)“I have two_________________. One is to enjoy the cool under the tall rice, and the other is to grow hybird rice across the world,”Yuan said.【注意】 千万不要忘记专有名词首字母要大写!!!名词根据名词的意义根据名词的可数性专有名词普通名词名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词可数名词不可数名词可数名词不可数名词21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷年,第 2 页 (共 2 页)HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 广东中考英语一轮语法复习专题(一) 名词 【答案版】.doc 广东中考英语一轮语法复习专题(一) 名词(1).doc