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广州市天河中学高中部 2022 学年第一学期期末考试
高二英语试卷
命题人：邱静萍、刘荣 审题人：何焱
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共 8 页，满分 150 分 考试用时 150 分钟
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 45分）
第一节 阅读理解（共 10小题；每小题 3分，满分 30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C,D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上
将该项涂黑。
A
Climbing, I once thought, was a very manly activity, but as I found my way into
this activity, I came to see that something quite different happened on the rock.
I started climbing when I was an undergraduate in Liverpool. I didn’t come from
a climbing family, but I reveled in outdoor activities. I often swam in rivers and pools,
walked around in fields and went out for Sunday walks in the hills and woods.
Moving to Liverpool was quite a contrast. Suddenly, I was in a busy city environment,
surrounded by streetwise kids. It was fun, but I felt out of place.
Therefore, I joined the university mountaineering club. I began climbing inside an
old church in Liverpool and instantly fell in love with the sport. Indoor climbing was
safe, warm and fun. It made me sociable. I loved placing my body on the wall and
following the lines of hold-ups towards the ceiling. I soon got the hang of climbing.
When the climbs went well, everything flowed in a delightful dance.
With those same mountaineering friends, I began rock climbing. But climbing on
real rock did not bring me the same instant rush of pleasure. Fumbling (笨拙地摸
找……) for routes and following more experienced male leaders, I struggled with
moves and was frequently told off for using my knees on crags (峭壁) — apparently
that was bad form. I fell off and hung on the rope, shouting for help from my partner
who would do his best to help me by shouting out directions down from the top of the
crag.
But climbing has taught me to better deal with risk, understanding my own
vulnerability while also developing strengths I never had before. I have gained an
insight into the movements between people and stone. Working with gravity, geology
and rhythms of weather, I gain a unique relationship with the earth. This connection
lies at the heart of my passion for rock climbing.
1. What does the underlined phrase “reveled in” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Kept off. B. Was fond of. C. Checked out. D. Was particular about.
2. Why did the author join the university mountaineering club
A. To escape the city life. B. To learn more tricks.
C. To expand her social circle. D. To make use of her outdoor equipment.
3. What can we say about the author’s rock climbing experience at first
A. It was a pleasant learning process. B. It involved great challenges and risk.
C. It brought her a sense of achievement. D. It was as complicated as indoor climbing.
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B
For 25 years, UC Berkeley biologist Robert Dudley has been interested in humans’
love of alcohol. In 2014, he wrote a book proposing that our attraction to alcohol
arose millions of years ago, when our ape and monkey ancestors discovered that the
smell of alcohol led them to ripe, fermenting (发酵的) and nutritious fruit.
A new study now supports this idea, which Robert Dudley calls the“drunken
monkey”guess. Robert Dudley laid out evidence for his idea eight years ago in the
book, The Drunken Monkey: Why We Drink and Abuse Alcohol. Measurements
showed that some fruit known to be eaten by monkeys or apes had a naturally high
alcohol content of up to 7%. But at the time, he didn’t have data showing that
monkeys or apes preferentially sought out and ate fermented fruit, or that they
digested the alcohol in the fruit.
For the newly reported study, Christina Campbell of California State University,
Northridge (CSUN), and her graduate student Victoria Weaver teamed up with Dudley
to analyze the alcohol content in the fruit.“The study is a direct test of the drunken
monkey guess,” said Dudley.
The researchers found that the fruit that spider monkeys smelt and took a bite out
of routinely had alcohol concentrations of between 1% and 2%. The ripe fruit they
collected was from the jobo tree and was a major component of the spider monkey
diet. But the fruit also has been used by native people throughout Central and South
America to make chicha, a fermented alcoholic drink.
The researchers also collected urine (尿液) from six spider monkeys. Five of the
samples contained secondary metabolites of ethanol (乙醇代谢物 ).“The monkeys
were likely to eat the fruit with ethanol for the calories,”Campbell said. “They would
get more calories from fermented fruit than they would get from unfermented fruit.
The higher calories mean more energy.”
The monkeys’ need for high caloric intake may similarly have influenced human
ancestors’ decisions when choosing which fruit to eat.“Human ancestors may also
have preferentially selected ethanol-laden fruit for consumption, given that it has
more calories,” Campbell said.
4. What idea did Robert Dudley show in his book
A. Nutritious fruit contains more alcohol.
B. Apes and monkeys consumed alcohol long ago.
C. Our ancestors had no particular food preference.
D. Human beings started making wine in ancient times.
5. What can we know about the jobo tree
A. It is available worldwide.
B. Its ripe fruit tasted unpleasant.
C. Its fruit contains fermented substances.
D. It served as the main food source for native Americans.
6. What conclusion may the researchers draw from the study
A. Fermented fruit negatively affected monkeys’ bodies.
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B. Human ancestors might consume alcohol for energy.
C. Alcohol might just flow in the bodies of the spider monkeys.
D. Central and South Americans were good at making alcoholic drinks.
C
In the United States, goods transportation accounts for more than one-third of
transportation-related greenhouse-gas emissions. Major companies, such as Amazon,
have been experimenting with using drones (无人机) and robots to deliver packages
with an eye to reducing their environmental impact.
Interest in the idea grew even more during the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey
conducted in mid-2020 found that more than 60% of people would be willing to pay
extra for their packages to be delivered by robots.“This was partly the result of a
desire to avoid infection,”says Thiago Rodrigues, a transportation researcher at
Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and a co-author of the new
study. However, he adds that another reason was the fact that automated delivery is
often faster than delivery trucks.
With technology improving, drone delivery is likely to become more common in
the near future, says Juan Zhang, a transportation researcher at the University of
Wisconsin-Eau Claire.“Therefore, we need more studies on the energy consumption
of drones,” she says.
Rodrigues and his colleagues have done such a study. They attached packages
weighing 0.5 kilograms or less to“quad copter”drones, which have four rotors (旋翼),
and flew them at speeds of 4-12 meters per second. From these flights, the researchers
were able to determine how much energy was needed to fly a drone, as well as the
quantities of greenhouse gases given off in generating the electricity to charge the
drone’s battery.
The results show that a drone’s environmental footprint depends in part on where
it’s charged. In the US Midwest, for example, electricity generation is more carbon
intensive than in New York. But regardless of region, drones have a much smaller
environmental impact than diesel (柴油) and electric trucks when it comes to moving
small packages: drones’ greenhouse-gas emissions per kilometer are roughly 2% of
those of a medium-duty truck powered by either diesel fuel or electricity.
7. What have major companies such as Amazon been attempting to do
A. Make package delivery environmentally friendly.
B. Relieve the pressure of public transportation.
C. Improve the speed of package delivery.
D. Reduce the white pollution.
8. What do Thiago Rodrigues’ words imply about automated delivery
A. It has changed people’s life.
B. It will replace delivery trucks in no time.
C. It has a price advantage over delivery trucks.
D. It is well received by many people during the pandemic.
9. Why did Rodrigues and his colleagues do the study
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A. To help drones function more efficiently.
B. To improve the service life of drones’ batteries.
C. To know about the energy consumption of drones.
D. To make drones’ charging process more convenient.
10. What would be the best title for the text
A. Are Drones Safe Tools for Delivering Parcels —Yes
B. Using Drones to Deliver Parcels — Good for Earth
C. Are We Ready to Use Drones for Delivery — Yes
D. Using Trucks to Deliver Parcels — Time to Change
第二节 （共 5小题；每小题 3分，满分 15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余
选项。
A piggyback ride is a ride on someone’s back. It’s almost a custom during
childhood: climbing onto an older person’s back for a piggyback ride around the
house or yard. But if you stop to think about this game’s name — “piggyback ride”,
you may be puzzled and have a question. 11
The origins of the word “piggyback” might date back to the mid-16th century,
when people carried various goods on their backs or the backs of their animals. The
term for this practice back then was“pick pack”, since people picked up a pack and
put it on their back. 12 First, the phrase became the almost-identical
“pick-a-pack”, and then “pick-a-back”.
Things get a little bit murky (模糊的 ) from here. Some say “pick-a-back”—
which was the version in use by the 18th century — sounded like “pick-i-back” or
“picky back”, which eventually became “piggyback”. 13 So they
changed it to a familiar word that sounded similar to “piggy”.
Well, were people in Britain or North America the first to use the term
“piggyback” 14 But the term “pig-a-back” was used in A Dialogue in
the Devonshire Dialect published in 1837 and “piggy-back” was used in the U.S. by
the 1880s.
15 One of the most popular comes in the field of transportation,
where piggybacking means something riding on top of something else, such as cars
being transported on a train. It’s also used in the trucking industry. In photography,
piggybacking describes the practice of attaching a camera to a telescope.
A. No one is sure about it.
B. Why do we call it a “piggyback ride”
C. How does the game influence people’s life
D. Probably people in North America were the first users.
E. Today, “piggyback” is used in a wide variety of contexts.
F. As so often is the case with language, the phrase has changed over the years.
G. Others say that people then were confused by the “pick-a” part of “pick-a-back”.
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45分）
第一节 完形填空（共 20小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 30分）
第 4 页 共 8 页
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A,B,C,D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最
佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy-four last year, she started having
problems with her 16 , notably dryness and discomfort.
"I was simply 17 a terrible experience, " Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in
Toronto. "I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my 18 was
affected. "
Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 19 problems and
discovered that they were largely suffering in 20 . " Nobody chooses to talk
about it because it seems so 21 she said. " But more and more are suffering and
lives are being 22 .
Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research 23 at
Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team 24 Canadian doctor Allan
Slomovic, who has done 25 work on eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray of
hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising 26 for the project with a friend, Toronto
businessman Meyer Zeifman. 27 she has raised $ 110, 000 with another $40,
000 28 .
"I'm trying to get more and more people to 29 that there are solutions,” said
Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after
30 . "I say there is no old 31 , there's only neglect（忽视）. Don't stand
32 , do something about it. "
Ms. Burdeyney 33 that she is hoping to do more for the research project. "I
just want to bring 34 into people’s eyes and this is just the 35 . There is
still a long way to go."
16．A．throat B．eyes C．lungs D．skin
17．A．going through B．getting over C．holding on D．passing down
18．A．story B．treatment C．life D．relationship
19．A．special B．various C．personal D．similar
20．A．turn B．silence C．vain D．peace
21．A．unbearable B．abnormal C．insignificant D．disturbing
22．A．separated B．forgotten C．substituted D．compromised
23．A．course B．program C．paper D．conference
24．A．informed B．doubted C．dismissed D．included
25．A．part-time B．controversial C．ground-breaking D．voluntary
26．A．questions B．standards C．awareness D．money
27．A．As ever B．In return C．So far D．Once again
28．A．expected B．donated C．wasted D．earned
29．A．confirm B．imagine C．remember D．understand
30．A．graduation B．childbirth C．retirement D．marriage
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31．A．time B．age C．rule D．tale
32．A．straight B．alone C．firm D．still
33．A．added B．learned C．reminded D．commented
34．A．joy B．light C．color D．beauty
35．A．future B．meaning C．truth D．beginning
第 II卷
第二节（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Alaska Airlines announced it will become the first U.S. airline to launch an
electronic bag tag (标签 ) program later this year. The tags are small programmable
devices with e-paper displays that are designed (36) __________ (replace) the paper
tags currently in use.
The new program will initially focus on San Jose International Airport in
California. The airline plans to initially give out 2,500 of the tags (37) ___________
free to its frequent flyers, and the tags (38) __________ (be) available to purchase by
Mileage Plan members next year.
The electronic bag tags will allow guests to skip the step of printing (39)
___________ (tradition) bag tags upon arrival at the airport. Instead, guests can
activate the devices from (40) ___________ (place) like their homes, offices or cars
— up to 24 hours before their flight (41) ________ (use) the Alaska Airlines mobile
app.
The activation is done by (42) __________ (simple) touching the phone used for
check-in to the electronic bag tag, (43) _________ has an antenna (天线) that powers
and reads the information transmitted from the pared to a previous
version tested in 2015, (44) _________ new tag is “battery-less”and never needs to be
recharged.
“The devices will allow our employees to spend more time with guests who ask
for (45) __________ (assist),” said Charu Jain, senior vice president of merchandising
and innovation at Alaska Airlines.
第三部分 基础知识（共三节，满分 30分）
第一节 单词拼写（共 10小题；每小题 1分，满分 10分）
根据中文提示用一个单词填入下列句子，使句意完整。
46. He suffered from headaches and loss of ___________(食欲).
47. Don’t let TV （分散）your attention while writing your essay.
48. It is (难以置信的) that she could break the record.
49. Generally, high ___________( 期 待 ) from others are essential to students’
development.
50. Last Friday, the little kid ate a coin, almost (窒息) to death.
51. She was surrounded by a group of admiring (摄影师).
52. At a minimum, the kinds of food local people ____________ (消耗)tell us what
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they grow in their region.
53. It was cold and damp; the man pulled up his collar and put his hands on his
________(冻僵的）face.
54. A lot of tents have been sent there to help the ____________ (受害者 ) of the
earthquake.
55. Lang Lang is a __________(有天赋的 ) pianist who has been working hard to
improve himself.
第二节 短语填空（共 5小题；每小题 2分，满分 10分）
用所给短语的恰当形式填入下列句子，使其句意完整，有两个短语多余。
consist of; set out; set apart from; thanks to;
sleep in; break down; regardless of
56. When she was 10, she _____________with the aim of becoming the youngest
ever winner of the championship.
57. Because he was being so kind and concerned, I _____________ and cried.
58. the outcome, the players will be long remembered
for their excellent performance.
59. My alarm didn’t work yesterday morning. As a result, I _____________.
60. Listening is an active, not a passive behavior ____________ hearing,
understanding and remembering.
第三节 补全句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据中文提示和所给的英文部分完成下列句子。
61.越野比赛使得我们可以临时从学业中走出来，使得我们更加精力充沛、更加
高兴。（非谓语动词作状语）
The Cross-Country Running Race allowed us to escape from our lessons for a
while, .
62.你是否能实现你的梦想确实取决于努力而不是运气。（主语从句；强调谓语）
hard work rather than luck.
63.有那么多的挑战要克服, 他想他不会度过比今天更令人沮丧的一天。
(with的宾语复合结构，否定词+比较级）
, he will never spend .
64.当被询问到如何有效预防这种疾病的感染时，他说勤洗手才是最重要的。
（省略；非谓语动词作状语）
the infection of the disease, he said that was
what really mattered.
65. 到上个月底为止，这个国家的失业率已经减少了 30%。
By the end of last month, .
第四部分 书面表达（满分 30 分）
66. 假 定 你 是 李 华 ， 你 负 责 的 英 语 俱 乐 部 拟 在 寒 假 里 组 织 主 题 为
“Stay out of danger and enjoy a safe holiday”的急救培训课程。
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请你用英语写一则通知，内容包括：
1. 时间和地点；
2. 培训内容（观看关于意外受伤的短片;专家教授急救技能等等）；
3. 培训课的意义。
注意：1.词数 130 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3.参考词汇：CPR（心肺复苏）、Heimlich manoeuvre(海姆利希急救法)
Notice
The English Club
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