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中考阅读技巧--细节理解题、词义猜测题
细节理解题
题型特点这类题在阅读理解中所占比例较大。它常常针对文章中的事实和细节进行提问,即针对(w)h-问题,如用when,where,why,how,who,which,what等进行提问,目的在于测试学生对说明文章中心思想的支撑事实和细节的理解能力。
2.细节理解题主要的设问方式①Which of the following is true/not true ②Which of the following is mentioned/not mentioned in the passage ③Which of the following statements is true according to this passage ④Which of the following best describes... ⑤Which of the following shows/gives the right relationship /position of... ⑥When/Where/Why/Who/What/How...
3.细节理解题的解题技巧所谓“事实细节”,是指在阅读理解的短文中客观存在的事实。细节理解题的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。一般来说,应在短文中找出相关信息的位置,确定试题测试的考点。当然,有的试题还得对原文所提供的事实进行一定的分析比较,才能做出正确的选择。(1)搜寻直接答案的阅读技巧先阅读所给的问题,判断其是否适合采用直接搜寻的阅读方法。如果所提问题是文章中出现的内容(即直接性答案),就可直接搜寻答案。(2)搜寻间接答案的阅读技巧①阅读文章所给的问题,判断哪些题目可以依靠通读来解决。比如概括文章主题,给无标题文章选标题,指出作者的观点、意图等的题目就需要依靠通读来解决。②用较短的时间大体上浏览一下阅读材料,注意文章有可能涉及什么内容,属于什么体裁,以及文章安排的大体轮廓等。③从头到尾阅读一遍。一般来说,第一段或前几句包含作者的基本思想和下文的发展线索,它是全文展开的基础,为下文发展搭建了理论框架。认真阅读第一段或文章的前几句,尽量抓住其中的主要情节和论点,把握全文发展的脉络。④有些细节题容易出错主要有几种情况:a.干扰项多。类似的内容多而杂,需要从中找出准确答案。例如:短文同时出现多个朋友,过去现在的十几种爱好,细节题考某人过去的爱好,需要在多而杂的内容中,带上问题,逐一去寻找,比对,找到正确选项。b.迷惑性强。例:文中出现总金牌数,问题问的是奥运金牌数,粗心的考生易错选总金牌数。这类题要看清关键信息。
2020福建中考阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Notices from the Student Center
Slogan（标语）Design CompetitionPurposes: To use English creatively and help provide a clean and safe school. Classical DramaEnjoy new season of great dramas written by Hans Christian Andersen at the music hall!
Place Prize Date& Time Drama
1st place An electronic dictionary Sep. 6 8:00 pm The Little Mermaid
2nd place A novel: Harry Potter Oct. 2 7:30 pm Thumbelina
3rd place A movie ticket: Mulan Nov. 7 8:30 pm The Red Shoes
Each student can send slogans by e-mail to info@ before Aug. 30 Starring: Happy Tree Drama TeamDirector: Tom Weaver
30-minute Fitness Club30-a-day Fitness is a fun fitness class for students. Here are some advantages:☆ Keep in shape.☆ Make bones grow.☆ Improve a sense of balance.☆ Increase daily physical activity.Don't miss the chance!Visit www. Little Cook Training ProgramIf you enjoy creating delicious dishes, why not attend our "Little Cook Training Program" Each student who takes part in it will get certificate（证书）.Date: Aug. 3-15Time: 11:00 am-4: 30 pmPlace: dining hallIf you are interested in it, please e-mail info@For information: Adelina SantosTel: 5323009
What is the prize for 2nd place in Slogan Design Competition
A certificate. B. A novel. C. A dictionary. D. A movie ticket.
When is Thumbelina put on
8:00 pm, Sep. 6 B. 7:30pm, Oct. 2.C. 8:30 pm, Nov. 7. D. 11:00 am, Aug. 3.2
How many advantages does the fitness class have
Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
What will the students probably do in Little Cook Training Program
Enjoy The Red Shoes.
Increase daily physical activity.
Learn how to make Beijing duck.
Help the cooks wash dishes.
The organizer of the activities above is ________.
the Student Center
Tom Weaver
C. Fitness Club
D. Adelina Santos
词义猜测题题型特点这类题型旨在考查学生利用上下文对词、词组以及句子的辨别能力。利用上下文猜测词义是阅读理解的基本技巧之一,也是我们学习词汇的主要方法。在阅读过程中,有些同学一遇到生僻词语就查词典,这是不可取的。一遇到生僻词语就查阅词典不但会使我们养成依赖词典的习惯,而且还会影响阅读速度。我们阅读汉语文章时遇到不认识的词语是否都查词典呢 答案是否定的。可是我们是如何理解它们的呢 利用上下文提示猜测词义就是诀窍。词义猜测题的类型主要有三种:熟词新义要求学生在某一特定的语言环境中推断某一多义词的正确意思;生词释义要求学生根据范围较小的上下文推断出词义;难句释义要求学生根据范围稍大的上下文推断句意。
词义猜测题主要的设问方式①What’s the meaning of the underlined word/phrase...in Chinese ②The underlined word...refers to/probably means...③The underlined word...could be replaced by...④What is the meaning of...⑤Which of the following words can take the place of the word...
词义猜测题的解题技巧
通过因果关系猜测词义通过因果关系猜词,首先是找出生词所在部分与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词义。有时文章借助关联词(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,as a result,of course,therefore等)表示因果关系。例:You shouldn’t have blamed him for that,for it wasn’t his fault.解析 通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错),可猜出blame的词义是“责备”。
通过同义词和同义关系猜测词义在文章中,有时作者为避免重复,或为了表达同一事物的不同种类,使用同义词或近义词。在这种情况下,我们就可以利用同义词、近义词的关系由熟悉的词语推测不熟悉词语的含义。通过同义词猜词,一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组,如happy and gay,即使我们不认识gay这个词,也可以知道它是“愉快”的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词。例: Man has known something about the planets Venus,Mars,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.解析 此句中的Venus(金星),Mars(火星),Jupiter(木星)均为生词,但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于“行星”这一领域。
通过反义词和反义关系猜测词义有时作者为了说明相反的两件事或人,使用了一些反义词或表示反义关系的词语来进行对比,我们可以利用已知单词推测未知单词的词义。通过反义词猜词,一是看表转折关系的连词或副词,如but,while,however等;二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语。例:He is so homely,not at all as handsome as his brother.解析　根据“not at all as handsome...”我们不难推测出homely是“不英俊,不漂亮”的意思。
通过构词法猜测词义在阅读文章时,我们总会遇上一些生词,有时很难根据上下文来推断其词义,而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用。此时,如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等构词法知识,这些问题便不难解决了。
通过定义或释义关系猜测词义定义或解释形式多样,常由is,that is(to say),in other words,call,mean,be considered to be,refer to,be called,be known as,define,represent等词汇或破折号来表示。作者为了更好地表达思想,在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等进行解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性,利用它们猜词义比较容易。如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义,理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。例:But sometimes,no rain falls for a long,long time.Then there is a dry period,or drought.解析　从drought所在的句子我们得知很久不下雨,于是便有一段干旱的时期,即drought,由此可见drought的意思是“久旱,旱灾”。而a dry period和drought是同义词。这种同义或释义关系常由is,or,that is,in other words,be called或破折号等来表示。
通过举例来猜测词义恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索。例:Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconuts and some other kinds of fruit grow in warm areas.解析　pineapples和coconuts是生词,我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大概的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples,coconuts和bananas,oranges是同类关系,同属fruit类,因此它们是两样水果,准确地说,是菠萝和椰子。
通过描述猜测词义描述即作者为帮助读者更深刻更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的描写。例:The penguin is a kind of seabird living in the South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cannot fly,it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.解析　从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类,即企鹅。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。(8)根据上下文猜测词义①有些单词并不能直接猜测出其词义,但可以根据上下文的提示猜测出其词义。例:One of the things I always believe is that no matter how bad something is,you can take something positive out of it. It wasn’t until a few weeks after September 11 that I began to see that perhaps some good did come from this tragedy.The word“positive”in the passage probably means　　　.
terrible B.bad C.good D .real
解析　根据上文“我一直认为不管世间的事物有多么糟,你还是能发现它积极的一面。”因此答案是C。②在句子或段落中,若事物、现象之间构成因果关系,我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推知生词词义。例:If he thinks he can invite me out,he is all wet.I don’t like to be with him.
The underlined phrase“all wet”means　　　. A.drunk B.sweating C.happy D.wrong解析　根据下文“我不喜欢跟他在一起”可知,他如果认为能约我出去,那就“错了”。因此D是正确答案。
根据生活常识猜测词义有时,我们利用自己的生活常识,便可知道生词的含义。例:A deaf-and-dumb guy went into a hardware store to ask for some nails. 解析　从句子意思可知他想买钉子,那么卖钉子的商店无疑是五金店。
利用单词的发音进行推测英语中有些单词来自汉语,与汉语的发音有些相似,另外也有一些单词译成汉语时采用音译,如:sofa(沙发),coffee(咖啡),typhoon(台风),aspirin(阿司匹林),nylon(尼龙)等。因此,利用单词的发音也是一种猜测的手段。例:The Olympic Games began in the 5th century BC. One day it was revealed that Mrs Morel had cancer and was beyond any help except that of morphine. 解析　上面这两个句子中画线的两个词,只要我们能准确发音,就能知道它们的意思分别是“奥林匹克”和“吗啡”。
2020福建中考
When Claire Vlases of Montana was in Grade 7, she learned about plans to modernize her middle school. Claire asked the school board（董事会）to add solar panels to the project because, she explained, clean energy would be helpful to a really modern school.The board liked the idea but said it could offer just $ 25,000-one-fifth of the cost. So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups who set to work raising the rest. They sold their second-hand books, put on talent shows and asked for donations（捐赠）, even going door-to-door for them. One donated more than half the cost!After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs-saving the neighborhood thousands of dollars. “My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community,” Claire said. “There are always going to be hard parts. When there’s a challenge（挑战）presented to you, you can learn from it and use it as chance to overcome it.”31. After knowing the project was still in need of money, Claire ________.A. raised $ 25,000 B. asked for more helpC. sold old newspapers D. donated half the cost32. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph2 refer to（指代） A. Solar panels. B. Second-hand books.C. Shows. D. Donations.33. Which picture shows the change of the electricity cost after the use of solar panels
From Claire’s words in the last paragraph, we learn that ________.A. hard work was her favoriteB. the project went smoothlyC. a small thing makes a big differenceD. solar panels cost a lot35. What would be the best title for the text A. A Dependent Girl B. A Modern SchoolC. Don’t Waste Energy D. Never Give Up
中考真题精练
一2019福建中考One pleasant evening, I was holding Grandpa’s hand and taking a walk in the park. “Where are the peanuts Give me now!” He suddenly said. How I wished I had some with me! “William, the monkeys are taking long to come out today. Wait till they smell the peanuts.” I knew he was lost in one of his memories again. I remembered the stories he told me of how he fed the monkeys when he was a kid. Then, he saw the goldfish! He acted as if he was seeing them for the first time.Poor Grandpa! He fell ill with Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默症) last year. The doctor said it was aprogressive brain disorder which could destroy ( 破 坏 ) a person’s memory. The patient might also not be able to make reasonable judgments (判断). The saddening part was that it was a lifelong disease. But when my parents invited him to stay with us, he refused and said he liked living alone. One day, he forgot to turn off the fire after cooking porridge. Luckily, one of the neighbors came to help him before the fire could spread.It was then that my parents brought Grandpa to live with us. Often, he would forget my name and ask me who I was and what I was doing in his house. Each time I would answer softly, “It’s me, Ray, Grandpa!” Even if he had forgotten who I was, he would always be my beloved grandfather.46.What did Grandpa want to do in the park A. Eat peanuts. B. Smell flowers.C. Feed monkeys. D. Tell stories.47.What would happen to Grandpa according to the doctor A. His brain wouldn’t need examinations.B. His memory could get better.C. He might not judge things correctly.D. He had to live by himself.48.After getting to Grandpa’s, the neighbor .A. turned off the fire B. cooked porridgeC. shared the meal D. spread some news49.Why did the writer’s parents bring Grandpa to live with them A. To make sure of his safety.B. To help him remember their names.C. To answer his questions in time.D. To get his help with the housework.50.Which of the following best describes the writer A. Smart. B. Caring. C. Honest. D. Brave.
二2019福建中考Have you ever heard the phrase “You never get a second chance to make a first impression (印象) ” It may sound like an unusual piece of advice, but it is true --- the first impression someone has of you when meeting you for the first time will probably influence how that person treats you or reacts to you in the future.What is even more interesting is that the brain takes in all the information to create that first impression in about three seconds. When you meet someone for the first time, by the time you have stated you name or shaken hands, the other person has already formed an opinion about the kind of person you are.So how do you make a good first impression All things grown-ups tell you --- such as being polite, and being well-dressed --- are very important. However, the most important tool for making a good first impression is your face. Smiling, being responsive, and looking like you are happy will almost always leave a positive ( 积极的) impression on people, especially those who do not know you. Most people, generally speaking, are ready to smile back when they are smiled at.Furthermore, smiling and being in a positive mood helps you to know and get a better understanding of new things. This means that you can possibly be friendlier to people you do not know and be more creative and able to solve problems more quickly. So if you ever need a reason to be happy, think about the wonderful people you might meet --- and impress --- with a cheerful smile.41.What does the underlined word “react” in Paragraph 1 probably mean in Chinese A.回应 B. 道歉 C. 报告 D. 建议42.Which paragraph shows how soon others form opinions on you A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2.C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4.43.What is the most important to leave good impressions A. Shaking hands. B. Stating your name.C. Dressing nicely. D. Wearing a smile.44.What can be learned from the last paragraph A.Friendliness helps solve problems.B.Being positive helps you find a way out.C.There are many reasons to be happy.D.Thinking of great people cheers you up.45.What would be the best title for the text A.The First Impression Does CountB.Smiling Makes the First ImpressionC.Manners Leave Deep ImpressionsD.Impressions Decide Who You Are
三2018福建中考My interest in cooking started when I was 11, partly thanks to my mother. She didn’t really like cooking and when she did cook, I didn’t like her food. Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this, so I went to the bookstore and looked for the biggest cookbook I could find.During a year, I had produced most of its recipes(食谱)and was ready for a bigger challenge(挑战). I wanted to create my own dishes and I started cooking for more people than just my family. To my joy, my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen. I did much cooking to test my dishes in it and my skill improved quickly. Later, my mom and I set up a dinner club that organized monthly events inside my home. Now as a teen chef (主厨), I have also cooked in top-class restaurants around the country. I am not doing it for the money, but because I love cooking.Now I know that when you stop caring whether you'll be famous or do well, your dream will come to you.46. The writer is now .A. a TV star B. a news reporterC. a well-known bookseller D. a good chef47. What made the writer begin to cook A. His parents' wish.B. The customers' advice.C. His mother's delicious food.D. The information about cooking on TV.48. After producing most of the recipes in the cookbook, the writer wanted to .A. take cooking lessonsB. write his cookbookC. make new dishes of his ownD. open a restaurant49. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph2 refers to(指代) “ ”.A. the bookstore B. a test kitchenC. a dinner club D. the country50. What is important for the writer A. Finding a good job. B. Making lots of money.C. Doing what he loves. D. Becoming famous.
四2018福建中考Birth order---does it matter Are you different because you are the first, second, or third child in your family---or maybe the last of nine A study found that first-borns have an average(平均的)IQ that is three points higher than people who fall into a different place in the birth order, perhaps because first-borns often help younger brothers and sisters, which improves their own skills. In 2007, an international organization of CEOs found that 43% of CEOs are first-borns 33% are middle children, and 23% are last-borns. First-borns are more likely (可能的)to be doctors and astronauts and get higher pay.If first-borns are more successful, last-borns are generally more agreeable. They are also more likely to be funny, possibly to get attention from all the bigger people at the dinner table. Mark Twain and Stephen Colbert were both the youngest in large families, and Jim Carrey was the youngest of four. According to a 2007 Time magazine article, “The power of Birth Order." last-borns are more likely to be artists and successful businessmen.Then there are the middle children: we have not ignored(忽视) them! Many middle children are short of one-on-one time with their parents. They often feel short-changed: the oldest gets more rights, and the youngest is spoiled(宠坏的). Though they may be ignored, middle children are more likely to grow into easygoing adults.Many factors(因素)make us who we are, but if the research is correct, birth order may be one of the most important factors.56. Who is most likely to be a CEO A. A first-born. B. A second-born.C. A third-born. D. A last-born.57. What can we learn about Jim Carrey A. He was likely to be given low pay.B. He was likely to be agreeable.C. He was a first-born.D. He was a middle child.58. What does the underlined word “short-changed” in Paragraph 4 probably mean in Chinese A.受亏待的 B.受控制的 C.受宠爱的 D.受欢迎的59. We can learn from the research that birth order .A. has no influence on IQB. matters a lot at the dinner tableC. may decide who we areD. is a factor in making us powerful60. What would be the best title for the text A. Where Is Your Place in the Family B. Who Improves Your Social Skills C. What Makes You Successful in Life D. How Can You grow into a big Man
五2017福建中考
46．The text is mainly about how to　　．A．be a careful driver B．buy MTR ticketsC．be a good passenger D．keep safe at home47．People who will get on the train should　　．A．wait in line B．open the door C．ask for help D．leave the seats48．When you hear a"beep"sound，　　．A．close the doorB．rush onto the trainC．get off the train at onceD．stop and wait for the next train49．Which picture shows the good behavior on the train according to the text？　　
The text is probably a　　．A．report B．notice C．diary D．poem．
六2017福建中考No one knows when the first kite was made．The first record of a kite was more than 2，000years ago in China．Han Xin，the leader of an army，wanted to bring down a king．He decided to dig a tunnel （隊道）into the king's palace．He flew a kite over the wall of the palace to make sure the length （长度）of its string （线）．In this way，he coulddeterminehow long the tunnel should be．His men in the tunnel took the kite string with them．When they reached the end of the string，they knew to dig up．Kites have been flown in Japan for hundreds of years．In the 1700s，kites were flown in autumn to give thanks for a good harvest．They were also flown to send good wishes to couples who had their first son．Today in Japan，kites are often flown as part of a celebration，such as the beginning of a new year．And kite festivals are held each year in many parts of the country．Kites have been used for scientific purposes in the western world．In 1752，Benjamin Franklin tied a key to a kite and flew it in a storm to find out that lightening was a form of electricity．In the 1890s，Lawrence Hargrave invented the box kite to test ideas about flight．From 1898until 1933，the United States Weather Bureau （气象局） used box kites to collect weather data．The Wright brothers also experimented （试验）with kites．What they learnt helped them make the first airplane flight in 1903．56．Why did Han Xin want to dig a tunnel？　　A．To pull down the palace．B．To fight against the king．C．To search for the king's treasure．D．To find out the length of the kite string．57．What does the underlined word"determine"in Paragraph 1probably mean in Chinese？　　A．测定 B．选择 C．了解 D．考察58．One of the purposes of flying kites in Japan is　　．A．to give thanks for a good harvest in summerB．to express good wishes to the first﹣born daughterC．to celebrate the beginning of a new yearD．to hold kite festivals all over the country59．When did the United States Weather Bureau begin to use box kites？　　A．In 1752． B．In 1898．C．In 1903． D．In 1933．60．What would be the best title for the text？　　A．The History of KitesB．The Experiments of KitesC．The Invention of a KiteD．The First Record of a Kite．
模拟精练一　Every year, students from all walks of life have the chance to take part in the Scripps National Spelling Bee, one of the nation’s oldest and most popular competitions.What is your guerdon for studying spelling If you’re Sameer Mishra, the winner in 2008, knowing how to spell “guerdon” means you can get the scholarships(奖学金), the cash(现金)prizes, and the title of the best speller in the United States.This competition has challenged students since 1925. Students under the age of 15 train year-round for a chance to show their spelling skills to the world. Round 1 of the spelling bee is a written test. All other rounds are oral(口头的) competitions. In the final rounds, spellers have one chance to spell a word correctly before you fail in the competition. It’s an event that requires a lot of confidence.
Year Winning Word Champion
2008 guerdon Sameer Mishra
2009 laodicean Kavya Shivashankar
2010 stromuhr Anamika Veeramani
2011 cymotrichous Sukanya Roy
2012 guetapens Snigdha Nandipui
2013 knaidel Arvind Mahankali
2014 feuilleton Ansun Sujoe
2015 scherenschnitto Vanya Shivashankar
2016 gesellschaft Nihar Saireddy Janga
2017 marocain Ananya Vinay
2018 koinonia Karthik Nemmani
Which final word did Sukanya Roy spell correctly in 2011 A.Cymotrichous. B.Guetapens.C.Knaidel. D.Feuilleton.2.Who can compete in the Scripps National Spelling Bee A.Jack, 14 years old. B.Kelly, 16 years old.C.Tony, 18 years old. D.Cathy, 20 years old.3.Which student won the competition by spelling the word “marocain” A.Vanya Shivashankar. B.Nihar Saireddy Janga.C.Ananya Vinay. D.Karthik Nemmani.4.What do the students do in Round 1 A.Win scholarships. B.Get cash prizes.C.Take a written test. D.Have oral competitions.5.Which is TRUE about the Scripps National Spelling Bee A.It has begun since 2008.B.It is a popular spelling competition.C.The winning word was confidence.D.The winner in 2010 was Kavya Shivashankar.
二　　
In October 2018, parents were shocked to find that an international school in Shanghai had food safety problems. They found food problems in the school’s kitchen. They were so angry that they reported it to the law enforcement office immediately. After fully examined, moldy tomatoes and onions were found and the headmaster was fired.Parents across China have become increasingly worried about food safety in schools, according to The Beijing News.Teenagers need to eat nutritious (营养的)food when they’re growing up to be healthy adults. Therefore, it is necessary for school dining halls to provide healthy food. With this in mind, the government has introduced a new food safety regulation(规定)that will improve nutrition and health standards in schools.The regulation was carried out on April 1. It requires the headmasters to eat with students in the dining halls. Schools will also be required to make information about food sources and suppliers public.The regulation also suggests that parents should eat with students at school in order to provide advice on food safety and nutrition. Schools must find out food safety problems and solve them right away.“If a school is caught buying low-quality food or failing to report food safety incidents(事件), the headmasters will be warned, fired or handed over to law enforcement,” the regulation says.1.Who introduced the new food safety regulation A.The government. B.Parents.C.Headmasters. D.China Daily.2.What does the underlined word “moldy” mean in Chinese A.破旧的 B.发霉的C.乏味的 D.无聊的3.How do schools carry out the new regulation A.By building more than one dining hall.B.By improving the conditions of their dining halls.C.By allowing teachers and students to eat together.D.By showing the public where their food comes from.4.What do we know from Paragraph 5 A.Food safety problems can be easily solved.B.Teenagers should go home to eat meals every day.C.Parents are worried about food safety in schools.D. Parents should play a part in improving food safety in schools.5.What is the passage mainly about A.Students’ eating habits. B.School headmasters.C.Food safety in schools. D.Parent-teacher relationship.
三
What’s the purpose of the competition A.To send a photo.B.To design a bookmark.C.To win stationery.D.To celebrate the World Book Day.2.How many tips about designing are there in the text A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.3.To take part in the competition, you should　　　. A.mail your bookmark to STABILOB.take a photo of the stationeryC.send your entry to The Week JuniorD.design the bookmark after April 20th4.You can get more information on STABILO　　　. A.by email B.by letterC.on the phone D.on the website5.The text is probably a　　　. A.poem B.posterC.report D.story
四
A hare was very popular with the other animals who all said they were her friends. But one day she heard the hounds (猎犬) getting close and hoped to escape them with the help of her many friends. So, she went to the horse, and asked him to carry her away from the hounds on his back. But he refused, because he had important work to do for his master. He felt sure that all her other friends would come to help her.She then came to the bull, and hoped that he would repel the hounds with his horns (角). The bull replied, “I am very sorry, but I have an appointment with a lady; but I feel sure that our friend the goat will do what you want.” The goat, however, feared that his back might do her some harm if he took her upon it. The sheep, he felt sure, was the proper friend to ask for help.So she went to the sheep and told him the situation. The sheep replied, “Another time, my dear friend. I do not like to have anything to do with it, as hounds have been known to eat sheep as well as hares.”The hare then went, as a last hope, to the calf(小牛), who regretted that he was unable to help her, as he did not like to take the responsibility(责任)upon himself, as so many older persons than himself had refused the task. By this time the hounds were quite near, and the hare took to her heels and luckily escaped.1.What do we know about the hare A.She was strong enough to face all the dangers.B.She was friendly and all animals loved to help her.C.She was ready to help other animals when necessary.D.She got along well with other animals and had a lot of friends.2.What happened to the hare one day A.The horse carried her away on his back.B.Her enemy came near and she was in danger.C.She had an argument with her friend, the bull.D.The goat hurt her when taking her upon his back.3.What does the underlined word “repel” mean in Chinese A.击退 B.厌恶 C.排斥 D.拒绝4.What do you think of the sheep A.Helpless. B.Brave.C.Friendly. D.Smart.5.What does the story want to tell us A.Don’t judge a book by its cover.B.One’s mind works fast in time of danger.C.Sometimes enemies can become good friends.D.Having too many friends means no friends sometimes.
五
1.What’s the main topic of the 2018 China beautiful countryside tourism activities A.Ship sailing. B.Natural bathing.C.Spring flower. D.History record.2.The number of China’s red tourism in 2017 is 　　　. A.smaller than that of 2016 B.larger than that of 2016C.the same as that of 2018 D.larger than that of 20183.What’s the shape of Shipaiyang A.Like two ships. B.Like two fishes.C.Like one tower. D.Like one mountain.4.What’s Text 3 about A.Countryside tourism. B.Red tourism.C.Island tourism. D.Forest tourism.5.Where are the three texts probably taken from A.A traffic map. B.A shopping website.C.A medical report. D.A travelling magazine.
答案全解全析
细节理解题
2020福建中考
这是一篇应用文，文章用表格介绍了学生中心的活动、比赛、俱乐部以及培训项目的通知。
26.【答案】B细节理解题。根据“2nd place” 以及“ A novel: Harry Potter”可知比赛的二等奖的奖品是小说。故选B。
27.【答案】B细节理解题。根据“Oct. 2 7:30 pm”以及“Thumbelina”可知上映时间是10月2日七点半。故选B。
28.【答案】C细节理解题。根据“Here are some advantages: Keep in shape. Make bones grow. Improve a sense of balance. Increase daily physical activity.”可知共有四点好处。故选C。
29.【答案】C推理判断题。根据“If you enjoy creating delicious dishes, why not attend our ‘Little Cook Training Program’”可知在小厨师培训节目里学习创作美食。C学习“Learn how to make Beijing duck”学做烤鸭符合。故选C。
30.【答案】A细节理解题。根据“Notices from the Student Center”可知活动的组织者是学生中心。故选A。
词义猜测题
2020福建中考
学校安装太阳能电池板时资金不足，克莱尔为了帮助学校安装太阳能电池板，自己组织了一群孩子和成年人，他们坚持不懈，寻求帮助，经过两年的艰苦努力以后，太能能电池板成功安装，并为学校和社区节省了大量的资金。
31.【答案】B细节理解题。根据第二段中“So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups who set to work raising the rest.”可知，在得知这个项目还需要钱的时候，克莱尔组织了一群孩子和成年人去筹集这个项目还需要的钱，也就是说克莱尔寻求了更多的帮助。故选B。
32.【答案】D词意猜测题。Solar panels.太阳能电池板。Second-hand books.二手书。Shows.演出。Donations.捐款。根据上文中“They sold their second-hand books, put on talent shows and asked for donations.”可知，他们通过出售二手书，举办才艺表演来获得捐款，所以此处them代指上文中donations，表示“他们甚至通过挨家挨户的方式来获得捐款”。故选D。
33.【答案】C细节理解题。根据第三段中“which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs-saving the neighborhood thousands of dollars”可知，太阳能电池板现在提供了学校四分之一的电力需求，为社区节省了数千美元，也就是说安装了太阳能电池板以后，费用在逐步降低，结合图示可知C项正确。故选C。
34.【答案】C细节理解题。根据最后一段中“My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community”可知，克莱尔最喜欢这个项目的部分是，一个人可以开始一些小的事情，然后这个项目可以扩大，并对社区有很大的影响，也就是说“一件小事就会有重大的影响”。故选C。
35.【答案】D选择最佳标题。根据全文内容可知，克莱尔为了帮助学校安装太阳能电池板，自己组织了一群孩子和成年人，他们坚持不懈，永不放弃，经过两年的艰苦努力以后，太能能电池板成功安装，并为学校和社区节省了大量的资金，所以文章最佳标题为Never Give Up永不放弃。故选D。
中考真题精练
一
2019福建中考
本文是篇故事类的记叙文，讲述作者的爷爷得了阿尔兹海默症与家人同住的事。考查细节题较多，难度不大。
46.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段 “the monkeys are taking long to come out today. Wait till they smell the peanuts.” 可知爷爷想要在公园里喂猴子。故选 C。
47.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段 “The doctor said it was a progressive brain disorder which could destroy a person’s memory. The patient might also not be able to make reasonable judgments.” 可知爷爷可能不能够很好地判断事物。故选 C。
48.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段 “Luckily, one of the neighbors came to help him before the fire could spread.”可知邻居把火关了。故选 A。
49.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段爷爷有一天煮粥忘记关火与第三段开头，可知接爷爷与家人一起住是为了 确保爷爷的安全。故选 A。
50.【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段 “Each time I would answer softly.” 与全文的语言描写可知作者很关心爷爷。故选 B。
二
2019福建中考
本文是一篇说明文，文中主要向我们介绍了第一印象的重要性，怎样给他人留下好的第一印象以及微笑和积极的心态给人们带来的好处。
41.【答案】A
【解析】词义推测题。由前文可知作者想表达“第一印象可能会影响之后别人怎么对待和回应你”。故选 A。
42.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由第二段第一句 “What is even interesting is that ... in about three seconds” 可知大脑在三秒之内就可以分析出第一印象。故选 B。
43.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。由第三段 “However, the most important tool for making a good first impression is your face” 和后文 “smiling” 可知留下好的第一印象最重要的是微笑。故选 D。
44.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。最后一段第一句 “Smiling and being in a positive mood helps you ...of new things” 可知积极的态度可以帮助我们，故选 B。
45.【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要讲解第一印象，怎样给他人好的第一印象以及微笑和积极的心态人们带来的好处，故选 A。
三
2018福建中考
作者十一岁时就对做饭产生了兴趣， 后来他创造了自己的菜肴，并建造了属于自己的实验厨房。现在 他成了一名很棒的青少年主厨。
46.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的” Now as a teen chef(主厨可知，作者现在是一名青少年主厨，故答案为D
47.【答案】 D
【解析】细节理解题"根据第一段中的"Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this..."可知答案为D"
48. 【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的".I had produced most of its recipes (食谱 & and was ready for a bigger challenge (挑战 & I wanted to create my own dishes.可知答案为 C。
49.【答案】 B
【解析】代词指示题。根据第二段中的"To my joy，my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen. I did much cooking to test my dishes in "可推断，it 指的是 a test kitchen。
50. 【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的"am not doing it for the money，but because I love cooking"可推断，作者认为做他喜欢的事情是重要的，故答案为C。
四
2018福建中考
出生顺序或许能对我们的智商、性格 等方面产生影响。
56.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的".. an international organization of CEOs found that 43% of CEOs are first-borns，33% are middle children，and 23% are last-boms"可知，第 一个出生的孩子最有可能成为CEO,故答案为A。
57. 【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的"...last-bons aregenerally more agreeable"和"...and Jim Carrey is the youngestof four"可知答案为B。
58. 【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。结合上下文可推断，中间出生的孩子经常觉得自己"受亏待"，故答案为A。
59. 【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。通读最后一段可知答案为C。
60. 【答案】A
【解析】通读全文可知，本文讲的是出生顺序对我们的智商、性格等方面产生的影响，由此可推断本文的最佳标题是A项。
五
2017福建中考
主要介绍了在地铁站要有耐心、有礼貌、及乘坐地铁时不要乱扔垃圾、主动让座等要注意的事项．
46【答案】C 考查细节理解题，根据文中的标题Safety rules on the MTR trains 地铁列车安全规则可知 主要告诉我们如何成为一名好的旅客，故答案是C．
47【答案】A 考查细节理解题，根据文中的第一段Line up on the platform and wati for the train可知在月台上排队等火车，故答案是A．
48【答案】D 考查细节理解题，根据文中的第一段最后一点：do not get the train．the door is closing．Wait for anther train可知 不要上地铁，门已经关了，等下一辆地铁，故答案是D．
49【答案】D 考查细节理解题，根据文中的第二段最后一句：Give up your seat to old men or women可知 在地铁上应该主动让座是好的行为，故答案是D．
50【答案】B 考查主旨题，根据文章大意；主要介绍了在地铁站要有耐心、有礼貌、及乘坐地铁时不要乱扔垃圾等要注意的事项．可知 应该是个通知，故答案是B．
六
2017福建中考
第一个风筝是两千年前在中国发明的，一开始是为了量长度，之后，秋天里放风筝希望能有好收成，在日本人们放风筝庆祝节日，西方国家风筝是为了科学．
56．【答案】B．细节题，结合第一段Han Xin，the leader of an army，wanted to bring down a king可知是为了打败一个国王，故选B．
57．【答案】A．词义猜测题．结合He flew a kite over the wall of the palace to make sure the length （长度）of its string （线）．可知是为了测量宫殿长度，也就是隧道的长度，故可知这里的determine表示测量，故选A．
58．【答案】C．细节题，结合第二段Today in Japan，kites are often flown as part of a celebration，such as the beginning of a new year可知日本人放风筝是庆祝，例如新年，故选C．
59．【答案】B．细节题，结合最后From 1898until 1933，the United States Weather Bureau （气象局） used box kites to collect weather data可知是1898年开始使用，故选B．
60．【答案】A．标题判断题，结合第一句No one knows when the first kite was made可知本文是介绍风筝的历史，故选A．
模拟精练
一
1.【答案】A　
【解析】细节理解题。由表格的第五行(2011)可知,Sukanya Roy拼对的最后一个单词是cymotrichous。
2.【答案】A　
【解析】细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知,15岁以下的学生可以参加比赛。
3.【答案】C　
【解析】细节理解题。由表格倒数第二行可知答案。
4.【答案】C　
【解析】细节理解题。由第三段第三句可知,比赛第一阶段是笔试。
5.【答案】B　
【解析】推理判断题。由第一段最后一句可知B项正确。
二
1.【答案】A　
【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三段第三句可知答案。
2.【答案】B　
【解析】词义猜测题。此处表示发霉的西红柿和洋葱被找到,故选B。
3.【答案】D　
【解析】细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“make information about food sources and suppliers public”可知,要公示食品来源。故选D。
4.【答案】D　
【解析】推理判断题。由本段的内容可知,家长应该多关注学校食品安全。
5.【答案】C
【解析】　主旨大意题。由文章的主要内容可知,本文谈论的是学校食品安全。
三
1.【答案】D
【解析】　细节理解题。由海报第二行可知答案。
2.【答案】D　
【解析】细节理解题。由海报Top Tips中的四点(带图点)可知有四条提示。
3.【答案】C　
【解析】细节理解题。由海报倒数第三行可知答案。
4.【答案】D　
【解析】细节理解题。由海报最后一行的网址可知,可以在网页上获得更多信息。
5.【答案】B　
【解析】推理判断题。由文章的格式及内容可知,这是一张海报。
四
1.【答案】D　
【解析】细节理解题。从A hare was very popular with the other animals who all said they were her friends. 可知,兔子有许多朋友。
2.【答案】B　
【解析】推理判断题。从one day she heard the hounds getting close可知,兔子听到猎犬就要来了, 她将会有危险。
3.【答案】A　
【解析】词义猜测题。从第二段第一句可猜测出答案, 兔子找到了牛, 希望他用牛角“击退”猎犬。
4.【答案】A　
【解析】推理判断题。从第三段可知,绵羊不愿意惹事, 也怕被猎犬吃掉, 因此可以判断他是无能为力的。
5.【答案】D　
【解析】主旨大意题。从故事内容可以看出, 兔子虽然朋友很多, 但是关键时刻没有任何人愿意帮助她, 所以朋友并不是越多越好。
五
1.【答案】C　
【解析】细节理解题。由第一段第一句中的with “spring flower” as the main topic可知答案选C。
2.【答案】B　
【解析】细节理解题。由第二段第一句The number of China’s “red tourism” was almost three times in the first half of 2017, as compared with the same period in 2016.可知答案选B。
3.【答案】A　
【解析】细节理解题。由第三段第二句中的is shaped like two large ships sailing on the sea可知答案选A。
4.【答案】C　
【解析】主旨大意题。第三段介绍了平潭的海岛旅行,故选C。
5.【答案】D　
【解析】推理判断题。这三段短文都是关于旅游的,故应当是来自旅游杂志。

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