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2023年初中英语语法知识精讲：With及其复合结构的用法归纳
一、With的用法与考点
1、基础用法
1.与…一起，带着
I live with my parents. 我和父母住在一起。
Who was that with you (刚才)和你在一起的是谁
2.具有，持有，随身带着
We bought a house with a garden. 我们买了一座带花园的房子。
He is a man with a hot temper. 他是一个脾气暴躁的人。
3.以，用:She covered her ears with her pillow. 她用枕头盖住耳朵。
The teacher tested the students with many questions.老师以许多问题测验学生。
4.符合，与..一致
Which dress goes better with these shoes. 哪一件衣服较配这双鞋
5.伴随，随着
We had coffee with cake. 我们喝咖啡，吃蛋糕。
Times has changed, so we need to change with them.时代改变了，所以我们需要随时代而改变。
6.为...，因...而
My mother is in bed with a bad cold. 我妈因重感冒卧病在床。
He is tired with work. 他工作做累了。
The baby was crying with hunger. 婴儿在哭，因为他饿了。
尽管，虽然
With all his money, he is unhappy尽管他有钱，他并不快乐。
With all her faults. I like her. 尽管她有种种缺点，我还是喜欢她。
8.若是，如果
With your permission, I'll go. 如蒙你同意我就去。
With more money l would be able to buy it.钱多一点的话，我就买得起。
9.对，关于，就...而言:She is very angry with you. 她对你很生气。
It's the same with us students. 我们学生也是这样。
Everything was going well with them. 他们一切都进行得很好。
2、用法提示
1.表示方式、手段或工具等时(=以，用)，注意不要受汉语意思的影响而搭配错误，如“用英语”习惯上用in Enalish，而
不是with English。
2.与某些抽象名词连用其作用相当于一个副词:
with care=carefully 认真地
with kindness=kindly亲切地
with pleasure=pleasantly 高兴地
with anger=angrily 生气地
with sorrow=sorrowfully 悲伤地
with ease=easily 容易地
with delight=delightedly高兴地
with great fluency =very fluently 很流利地
3.表示条件时，根据情况可与虚拟语气连用:
With more money l would be able to buy it.要是钱多一点，我就买得起了。
With better equipment we could have finished the job even sooner. 要是设备好些,我们完成这项工作还要快些。
4.比较 with 和 as:两者均可表示“随着”，但前者是介词，后者是连词，不可混淆;
He will improve as he grows older.随着年龄的增长，他会进步的。
People's ideas change with the change of the times.时代变了，人们的观念也会变化。
5.介词 with 和 to均可表示“对”，但各自的搭配不同，注意不要受汉语意思的影响而用错，如在 kind, polite, rude,goo
d. married 等形容词后通常不接介词 with而接to。
6.复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”是一个很有用的结构，它在句中主要用作状语，表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、
方式等;其中的宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语等:
I went out with the windows open. 我外出时没有关窗户。
He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低着头站在老师面前。
He died with his daughter vet a school air他去世时，女儿还是个小学生。
The old man sat there with a basket beside her老人坐在那儿，身边放着一个篮子。
He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。
He sat there with his eyes closed. 他闭目坐在那儿。
can't go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。这类结构也常用于名词后作定语:
The boy with nothing on is her son.没穿衣服的这个男孩子是她儿子。
二、with复合结构用法全归纳(with后接复合宾语)
with后接复合宾语是英语中一种很有用的结构，也是各类考试的一个重要考点，归纳起来该结构主要具有以下几种类型:
1.with+宾语+形容词
She was cycling along with her bicycle basket full of shopping.她骑着自行车，车筐装满了买的东西。
The peace talks have ended inconclusively, with neither side prepared to give way on key points.由干双方都不愿意在关键问题上讣步，和平谈判
不了了之。
With such excel lent studies available for consultation, it should be easy to avoid the pitfalls.有如此优秀的研究可供参考，避开陷阱应该很容易。
2.with+宾语+副词
With Richard Migliore aboard. he won the cup ate gallop.由骑手理查德·米廖雷策骑，它一个快跳赢得了杯赛冠军。
Stand with your legs apart and your weight evenly distributed.双腿分开站立，平均分散身体的重量。
With Habib away Hassan's attitude seemed to have changed.哈比小不在，哈桑的态度好像有了变化。。
I was rushing along with my head down when I cannoned into an old lady walking the other way我正一路低头跑着，突然撞上了一个迎面走来的老妇人。
3.with+宾语+名词
He died with his daughter vet a schoolgir1.他去世时，女儿还是个小学生。
With the exams now only a week off,I had to study hard. Christmas seemed a long way off
4.with+宾语+介词短语
The front door closed with a crash behind him,前门在他身后砰的一声关上了。
With help from a parent. a child can do simple cooking.在家长的帮助下，孩子可以做一些简单的饭菜。
The girl appeared again. now with a little baby on her back.那女孩又来了，这次背上背了一个小婴孩。
With so many strange faces around her. the baby started to cry,看到周围有这么多的陌生面孔，婴儿开始哭了起来。
5.with+宾语+现在分词(短语)
With exams approaching. it's a good idea to review your class notes.随著考试的临近，复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。
With the crowds cheering. the royal party drove to the palace.在人群的欢呯声中，皇室成员一行驱车到皇宫去。
With the exams coming next week. I have no time for a socia1 life.下个星期就要考试了，我没有时参加社交活动。
with+宾语+过去分词(短语)
He stood with knees slightly bent. 他站着，双膝略略弯曲。
With a knife clen chedin/between his teeth he climbed up the tree to cut some coconuts.他嘴里紧咬着一把刀，吧上树去割椰子。
The meeting heard that two workers had been sacked on the spot with no official reason given，会议得悉有两个工人在没人给出正式理由的情况下被当场解雇。
It's been another black day for the car industry with more iob losses announced 汽车工业又经历了一个黑暗的日子，许多工一冒布进一步裁员。
7.with+宾语+不定式(短语)
He was a high-earning broker with money to burn.他是高收入的经纪人，有花不完的钱。
With all this work to do. I won't have time to go out.有这么多工作要做，我就没有时间出去了。
Withanother100metresto go.Jones and Say ille are neck and neck寒跑还剩100米时，琼斯和萨维尔不相上下。
With so many new animals to care for, larger premises were needed. 要照顾这么多的新动物，需要很多更大的房屋及其周围的土地。

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