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中考复习
--名词
复习目标
名词是中考考查的重点项目之一。通过本节课的复习，巩固可数名词的单复数变化规则,不可数名词的分类及量的表达和名词所有格的用法。
中考考什么？
考点1：可数名词单数变复数
考点２：不可数名词
考点３：名词所有格
年份 考点 题型 分值
2020 词义辨析(seasons, plants,chance) 完形填空(38,40，45) 3
根据首字母补全单词（decision，invention、advice\suggestions） 填空（67、71、73） 3
词语的用法(nothing, eggs, kindness) 短文填空 (88,92,94) 3
2019 词义辨析(piece) 完形填空(44) 1
词语的用法(raining, truth、importance) 词汇(67,68,71) 3
词义辨析 短文填空（ 87、95） 2
2018－2020 年新疆中考考点一览表
2018 词义辨析(tomatoes和eggs) 单项选择(28) 1
词义辨析(message、call、letter、e-mail) 完形填空(36) 1
词语的用法(player、bread、 attention, countries) 短文填空 (69、72、88,94,) 4
专有名词：姓名，国家，语言，月份，星期，节日，大学等
普通名词
可数名词
(有单复数之分)
个体名词
集体名词
不可数名词
（没有复数形式)
物质名词：自然物质，食品、饮料等
抽象名词：情感，学科，概念等
（某类人或东西中的个体）
（若干个个体组成的集合体）
（无法分为个体的实物）
名词
Thomas,
考点一 名词的分类 【自学30秒】
China,
Cambridge University
June,
Christmas
Sunday,
Chinese
worker,pen
family, team
water, bread, juice
happiness, math
考点二 名词的数
可数名词的规则变化
Red packets rain will begin!
每个小组推1名学生上讲台随机选取相应练习，小组成员合作找出每组词的变化规律。
OPEN
Best wishes!
第一组习题
OPEN
Best wishes!
第三组习题
OPEN
Best wishes!
第四组习题
OPEN
Good luck!
第二组习题
观察下列名词的复数形式，你发现了什么？
比一比哪组同学说的好。（+5分）
pen---pens
desk---desks
text---texts
bed---beds
friend--friends
名词单数变复数，直接加 -s
bus---buses
box---boxes
watch---watches
dish---dishes
以s, x, ch, sh 结尾，直接加上 -es
找规律
shelf---shelves
life—lives
knife---knives
leaf---leaves
wife—wives
half--halves
以f或fe结尾的词，大多数变f或fe为ve，再加-s
巧记：妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；(wife，knife , wolf，thief )
躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光 (shelf ,self,life,half,leaf )
仔细观察，你还发现了什么？
story—stories
baby—babies country—countries
party—parties
day—days
boy--- boys
toy---toys
以辅音字母 + y 结尾的，
变 y 为 i 再加 -es
以元音字母＋y结尾的词直接加-s
potato---potatoes
hero---heroes tomato--tomatoes
Negro—Negroes
以“辅音字母＋o”结尾的词,有生命的加-es
巧记：“黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿有-es（意思）”
情况 构成方法 例词
一般情况 加-s map→maps bag→bags year→years
以s, x, sh, ch等结尾的词 加-es bus→buses box→boxes
wish→wishes beach→beaches
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词 变y为i, 再加-es story→stories family→families
party→parties
以“元音字母＋y”结尾的词 直接加-s day→days key→keys monkey→monkeys
以“辅音字母＋o”结尾的词 一般情况下，无生命的加-s，有生命的加-es photo→photos tomato→tomatoes
potato→potatoes hero→heroes
以“元音字母＋o”结尾的词 直接加-s zoo→zoos radio→radios
kangaroo→kangaroos
以f或fe结尾的词 大多数变f或fe为ve，再加-s knife→knives leaf→leaves
shelf→shelves thief→thieves
1、单复数的规则变化【30秒】
【考点精练1】
( ) 1. There are some____ and _____in the fridge.
A. tomatos; milk B. tomatos;milks
C. tomatoes; milk D. tomatoes; milk
( )2. Where are you going,Sam
There isn't any ____in the fridge.I'll go and buy some.
A.vegetables B. beef
C. eggs D.money
( ) 3.I have two _____ and three bottles of____ here.
A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges
C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges
( ) 4. —After P.E., I often feel very thirsty.
—Why not buy some ________ to drink
A. bread B. noodles
C. apple juice D. teas
C
B
C
C
可数名词的不规则变化
man men
gentleman gentlemen policeman policemen
woman women
foot feet
tooth teeth
goose geese
mouse mice
louse (虱子) → lice
child children
sheep sheep
fish fish
deer deer
aircraft aircraft
Chinese Chinese Japanese Japanese
A Frenchman two Frenchmen
Englishman Englishwomen
German Germans
3、单复数同行
4、变词尾的man为men
5、词尾加“s”
1、改变名词内部的元音字母。
2、词尾加-en或-ern
“中日不变，英法变，其余直接+s”
巧记：男人女人 a 变 e，鹅足牙 oo 变 ee；
　　老鼠虱婆也好记，ous 变 ic；
　　孩子加上 ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变
a.将主体名词变为复数e.g: a boystudent boy studentsa flowershop flower shopsa diningroom dining roomsb.当名词的第一个构成部分为man或woman时，将2个构成部分均变为复数e.g:awomanteacher two women teachersamannurse two men nurses复合的复数形式自学1分钟快速说出下列名词的复数形式1、a boystudent 2、a flowershop 3、a diningroom 4、awomanteacher boy studentsflower shopsdining roomstwo women teachers不可数名词
类别 例词
液体类 water, milk, juice, orange, coffee, tea, Coke, ink, rain, wine
食物类 meat, fish, chicken, beef, pork, mutton, rice, salt, sugar, porridge, bread
语言类 Chinese, Japanese, English, French, German, Russian
材料类 metal, paper, glass, grass, bamboo, silk, cotton, wool, wood, hair, plastic
其他类 snow, ice, wind, sunshine, news, music, weather, money, knowledge, homework, housework, teamwork, help, information, rubbish(waste), light, medicine, work, advice, practice
不可数名词的种类 【自学1分钟】
不可数名词表示事物一般不能用数量来计算，也没有词形变化。
不可数名词的量
常见的不可数名词有：music, fun, news, advice, information, weather, homework, work, air, time, money, paper, traffic, practice, progress等。
(它们不能直接和表示数字的词或a/an连用，没有复数形式。但可以借助量词来表示数量，即“量词＋名词”)，如：
a piece of paper/news/bread/meat/ advice/information
a glass of ... /a block of .../ a drop of.../ a bottle of...
a cup of ... /a bag of ...
two pieces of , five cups of tea, two bowls of rice …
两杯橙汁
2.六袋米
3.几片面包
4.七杯茶
5.一些女教师
6.几个男司机
7. 五个男学生
8.很多女学生
9.四个家庭成员
two glasses of orange
six bags of rice
several pieces of bread
seven cups of tea
some women teachers
a few men drivers
five boy students
many girl students
four family members
【考点精练2】英汉互译
a piece of paper/news/bread/meat/ advice/information
a glass of ... /a block of .../ a drop of.../ a bottle of...
a cup of ... /a bag of ...
two pieces of , five cups of tea, two bowls of rice …
“既可数又不可数的名词，但意义不同”。
chicken—鸡(可数); 鸡肉(不可数)
room—房间(可数); 空间(不可数)
fish—鱼(可数); 鱼肉(不可数)
glass—玻璃杯(可数); 玻璃(不可数)
paper—试卷，报纸(可数); 纸张(不可数)
time—倍数，次数(可数); 时间(不可数)
work—作品(可数); 工作(不可数)
experience—经历(可数); 经验(不可数)
火眼金睛： 找出下列句子中的错误并改正：
1) This is a pair of trouser.这是一条裤子。
2) He gave me some advices. 他给了我一些忠告。
3) She went to the library with two lady friend.
她和两位女伴一起去图书馆。
4) The police is looking for him. 警察在找他。
;.;
trousers
advices
advice
friends
are
【考点精练3】
1.Mr Smith always has _____ to tell us.
　A. some good pieces of news
　B. some pieces of good news
　 C. some good piece of news
D.some piece of good news
2.I'm so hungry. Please give me _____ to eat.
A. three piece of bread
B. three pieces of bread
C. three pieces of breads
D.three piece of breads
3.Mr Li is alway patient to give me_____ on how to work out the problems.
A .an advice　B. many advice
C. some advice D.lot of advice
B
B
C
;.;
【考点精练3】
名词所有格
名词的所有格 自学【1分钟】1.最基本的：Mike’s bag the boy’s knife2.为2人共同所有，在最后一个名词后加-‘s; A and B’S若不是2人共同所有，则在2个名词后都加-‘s; A'S and B'Se.g珍妮和海伦的房间 珍妮的房间和海伦的房间Jenny and Helen’s roomJenny’s and Helen’s room3.无生命的东西一般用“of +名词”的形式表示其所有格e.g the door of the room the wall of the park4.有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体的等无生命的东西，也可以加-‘s构成所有格e.g2小时路程呼图壁最好的公园今日报纸车站休息室two hours’ walkthebest park in Hutubitoday’s newspaperthe station’s waiting-room( ) 1. —Is the schoolbag under the desk yours
—No, it’s my _________. He left it there just now.
A. brother B. brother’s
C. brothers’ D. brothers
( ) 2. This is_________ bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.
A. Jenny and Maria’s
B. Jenny’s and Maria
C. Jenny’s and Maria’s
D. Jenny and Maria
【考点精炼4：名词所有格】
B
A
大显身手
这里有四把“魔法雨伞”，不同的魔法雨伞里有不同的分值。看看谁最幸运！
1
2
3
4
Magic umbrellas can give you good luck
Magic umbrellas can give you good luck
练习一： 写出下列名词的复数形式（5分）
1、orange 2、class
3、text 4、monkey
5、 piano 　 6、child
7、shelf 8、bed
9、country 10、family
11、toy 12、foot
13、Japanese 14、radio
15、photo 16、army
17、tomato 18、fox
19、woman 20、knife
21、sheep
oranges
classes
texts
monkeys
children
shelves
beds
countries
families
toys
Japanese
radios
photos
tomatoes
foxes
pianos
feet
women
knives
sheep
armies
;.;
You did well！
+10Scores(分)
练习二：用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空（10分）
1．There are so many________(wolf)in the forest.
2.There are three ______(chair) in the classroom.
3.These _______ (tomato) are red.
4.______(hero) are great.
5．My brother looks after two ______(baby)
6．There are some ____(deer) eating the grass.
7．My father likes to eat _______(potato).
8 Chinese ______(people)like to eat noodles.
9．I have a lot of ______(toy) in my bedroom.
10.There are some ______(goose)in the river.
wolves
chairs
tomatoes
Heroes
babies
deer
potatoes
people
toys
;.;
geese
Excellent！
+15Scores(分)
练习三：单项选择
1．I can see three ________ in the zoo.
A monkeies B monkeys C monkey
2.The pig has four ______.　
A. foot　 B. feet 　C. foots
3.My two brothers are both ______.
A. policeman　 B. policemans　 C. policemen
4.There are four ___________ in the class.　
Japanese　 B. Japaneses　 C. Japan
5.I can see ten _____ in the picture.
sheep B. dog 　C. pig
6.The _____ has three______.　
boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches
7.Can you see _______on the plate
A. bread B. breads C. breades
A
B
C
B
A
C
A
;.;
Terrific！ +10Scores(分)
练习四：句子单数变复数
This is a book.
That is an eraser.
It is a red apple.
I am a boy.
He / She is a teacher.
What’s this
These are books.
Those are erasers.
They are red apples.
We are boys.
They are teachers.
What’re these
Bravo! +5Scores(分)
中考链接
1. (2015乌市29题)- I hear you run for half an hour every day.
--Right, we have to. It is one of the ____ in our school.
A. rules B. plans
C. hobbies D. choices
中考链接
2. ( 2011乌鲁木齐29题）-This is the first time in their _____to ski on the Apls.
A. life B. lifes C. lives
3. (2015乌鲁木齐17题) Look! the kites in the sky are in different ___. Some are big and some are small.
A. size B. sizes C. color D. colors
考点梳理
【备考策略】
在复习中要特别注意上述题型的综合训练，尤其是要注意：
1. 注意结合上下文的语境和句子结构判断词义、词性和单复数等；
2. 注意区分可数名词与不可数名词，尤其是注意有的名词既是可数名词又是不可数名词；
3. 注意掌握极少数的集合名词和抽象名词的用法；
4. 注意掌握一些名词和名词短语的固定搭配以及一词多义的用法。
2021年中考预测演练
1. Mr. Green is hungry. Give him＿＿to eat.
A. a bottle of water B . some juice
C. three pieces of bread D. some salt
2. We need to come up with an ___ and make a decision at once.
A. information B. advice C. idea D. news
3. The number of the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are _____
A. woman teacher B. women teachers
C. women teacher D. woman teachers
6.(2013自治区79题)
______ （teacher）Day is on September 10th.
7. (2013自治区71题)
The girl over there is______ (杰克)sister.
8. Boys and girls,let's have a rest.It's only ten______ (minute)break.
9.Today is ______ (mother)Day.Let's say “Thank you”to our mothers.
Teachers'
Jack's
minutes'
mother's
summary
1. 每位同学尝试搜集关于名词的5道习题。
2. 根据本节课所学内容，制作一张关于名词专项复习的思维导图。
Homework
Take the mid-term in the decisive battle,struggle ceaselessly,let the dream come true!Come on.
决战中考，奋斗不息，让梦想实现！加油！

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