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浦东新区2022学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测高三英语试卷
I. Listening Comprehension Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. 15 minutes. B. 5 minutes. C. 10 minutes. D. 25 minutes.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】W: How far away do you live from the company, John
M: It’s a 15 minutes’ drive. But during rush hours, it will take another 10 minutes.
Q: How long does it take John to go to work during rush hours
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. A mechanic. B. A house agent.
C. A medical worker. D. A salesperson.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】W: How long will it take this refrigerator to get to my apartment
M: Well, it depends. I have to ask our delivery department.
Q: What is most probably the man’s occupation
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Amused. B. Disappointed. C. Fascinated. D. Sympathetic.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: What a wonderful baby! And he certainly takes after me, doesn’t he
W: Oh, yes. He doesn’t look like me at all. He has your nose, your eyes...
Q: How does the women feel about the baby’s appearance
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. She dislikes going to school.
B. She spends little time with her friends.
C. She has adapted easily to her new school.
D. She spends most of her free time at school.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: How does your daughter like her new school
M: Fine. She seems to have made new friends in no time.
Q: What can be inferred about the man’s daughter
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. She’s watching the cars go by.
B. She prefers to keep herself busy.
C. The man works harder than she does.
D. The man should feel well soon enough.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: You are washing your car even on vacation. It makes me feel guilty.
W: You shouldn’t feel like that. I just have nothing better to do at the moment.
Q: What does the women imply
6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The new shoes are worth a try.
B. He thinks shopping is a waste of money.
C. The shoes are not suitable for his daughter.
D. He doesn’t want to give any comments on the shoes.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: What do you think of my new shoes, Dad
M: Hmmm... if I were you, I wouldn’t bother to try them on.
Q: What does the man mean
7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. She didn’t quite enjoy the game.
B. She didn’t sit in a comfortable way.
C. She regretted spending time watching the game.
D. She felt quite excited and nervous while watching.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】M: How was the performance between the two competing teams last night
W: To be frank, I watched the whole game sitting on the edge of the chair.
Q: What does the woman imply
8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The woman should go somewhere else to train.
B. The woman should train with heavier weights.
C. The woman should practice different kinds of weights.
D. The woman should gain her weight with heavier weights.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Is there any problem with my muscle training program
M: You are using weights too light for you. It’s not going to get you anywhere.
Q: What does the man suggest
9. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Parents tend not to be easy to please.
B. Travelling in Mexico is a bit stressful.
C. His parents may enjoy the beach vacation.
D. Spending two weeks in Thailand can be challenging.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m going to Thailand and stay in a beach hotel for 2 weeks with my parents.
W: I remember taking my parents to Mexico. It was fun. They had a great time on the beach.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation
10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The plot was too simplified.
B. It was a well-made show overall.
C. It put too much emphasis on special effects.
D. The story should have been unfolded slowly.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】M: Did you see the last season of the show
W: The special effects were amazing. But it felt so rushed. They tried to do too much.
Q: What does the women think of the show
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11.
A. By offering thanks orally to the loved ones.
B. By showing gratefulness on a regular basis.
C. By developing good sleeping and eating habits.
D. By taking exercise with close friends regularly.
12.
A. Noticing the positive helps cure eating disorders.
B. Practicing gratitude can lengthen your sleep cycle.
C. Showing thankfulness contributes to your career promotion.
D. Admiring others’ value can improve relationship in workplaces.
13.
A. It is a blessing that we are valued.
B. Extending gratitude has multiple benefits.
C. We should stop counting sheep or calories.
D. People can learn to be appreciative by heart.
【答案】11. B 12. D 13. B
【解析】
【原文】Gratitude is more than just saying ‘thank you’. It is a deeper appreciation for someone or something. And this positive emotion can be good for our health. There have been studies showing that writing gratitude letters, if done regularly, improves mental health. One reason is that gratitude stops us from thinking about negative emotions, and shifts our attention to positive emotions. But even if we don’t share our writing with anyone, the act of completing the exercise alone makes us more satisfied with life. As we are training our brain to be more in tune with noticing the positive, after several weeks or months, this becomes more instinctive. Gratitude can also make us feel good in our bodies. There are studies linking a gratitude practice to better sleep quality, and better eating habits. So gratitude is clearly good for us, but is it also good for the people in our lives The simple answer is ‘yes’. Shared gratitude is about feeling valued and helping others feel valued too, which helps build stronger relationships — be it with partners or even colleagues. Maybe we should all stop counting sheep or counting calories and start counting our blessings instead
11. How can we improve mental health according to the study
12. Which statement might the speaker agree with
13. What’s the passage mainly about
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14.
A. It may reduce the burden on the environment.
B. They want to make these clothes worth every penny.
C. It is one of the latest services provided by some sellers.
D. They may want to show off new clothes on social media.
15.
A. They might end up as garbage.
B. They will be donated to charity.
C. They are reduced to packaging waste.
D. They will be shipped abroad for resale.
16.
A. Consumers will think it over before placing orders.
B. Retailers will focus on offering more stylish clothes.
C. People may be encouraged to buy more clothes online.
D. VR may be employed to facilitate online payment.
【答案】14. D 15. A 16. A
【解析】
【原文】Online shopping giant Boohoo has become the latest in a string of sellers to start a new policy by charging shoppers for returning the clothes they have bought. A 2018 study found that 9% of UK consumers order clothes to post on social media, only to return them straight after. But there’s also another issue with the practice. Returns have a terrible impact on the environment. When clothes are returned, they’re likely to be thrown away rather than resold. When clothes don’t become rubbish, there’s still the impact of the extra shipping to consider, as well as the packaging waste. Cost and convenience often outweigh sustainability when it comes to purchasing decisions, so sometimes it takes a dramatic move to change behaviour. Without free returns on the table, shoppers may think twice about buying 10 items when they know they’ll only keep five or buying clothes purely for social media content. Also, sellers will make more efforts to help shoppers find clothes with the right size, all achieved with the help of virtual reality. After years of free returns, shoppers may feel frustrated for the charges, but if the charges lead to less waste and better fits, they’ll be worth every penny.
14. Why do some consumers take advantage of the free return policy
15 What might happen to the clothes returned by the shoppers
16. What outcome will the new policy probably have
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17.
A. Most programs feature media and journalism.
B. Students can have practical experience.
C. Students can enroll in these programs easily.
D. These programs are recommended by employers.
18. A. Crazy. B. Desirable. C. Acceptable. D. Changeable.
19.
A. She will meet with famous journalists.
B. She can live a diverse and colorful life.
C. She will learn to cook different types of food.
D. She can get along well with international students.
20.
A. The woman’s plan to study abroad.
B. The part-time job in the media company.
C. The steps in applying for a graduate program.
D. The man’s experience as an international student.
【答案】17. B 18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, I heard you are going abroad next year. Where will you study
W: I’m planning to go to Canada. I applied to a few universities but I’m still waiting for confirmation. I haven’t been accepted yet.
M: Oh that’s great. Are you excited What will you study
W: Very excited. You remember I told you I wanted to study journalism
M: Yes, of course.
W: Well. Some of the graduate programs in Canada are very good… and they offer more training opportunities. For example, I can work for a media company and maybe get a job there in the future.
M: Well...I hope it works out. How about the weather Isn’t it cold I had a friend that went to Canada and all he talked about was the cold weather, -30 degrees centigrade.
W: Yes, it’s very cold. But I like snow. It can’t be that bad.
M: -30 degrees centigrade. Are you crazy!
W: If other people can do it, I can do it.
M: Hopefully. Well... it looks beautiful and I heard the food is really good. They have everything there.
W: Yeah. We can eat different food every day. Jiaozi on Mondays. Sushi on Tuesdays. Pizza on Wednesdays. Just thinking about it is making me hungry. Besides, the university organizes various field trips and sporting events. You will hardly feel bored.
M: Good luck! Let me know when you receive the offer.
17. Why is the woman interested in graduate programs in Canada
18. What does the woman think of the weather in Canada
19. What does the woman expect of her life in Canada
20. What are the speakers mainly talking about
II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Are you the kind of person who hated school Or are you more like Michael Nicholson, who can’t stop ____21____(learn) He currently has 30 degrees including 22 master’s and a doctorate! If you’re also passionate about studying, you might be a philomath — a person who loves to learn and study. The word comes from Greek____22____ ‘phil’ meaning ‘a lover of’ and ‘math’ meaning ‘learning’.
Humans are all philomaths to an extent — our brain ____23____ (programme) to be curious. ____24____ (make) sense of the world, we are eager to learn and understand. But it is also because of something called neoteny. This is a term that ____25____ (refer) to the adolescent characteristics of some animals, including humans, being maintained into adulthood. One of these traits is neuroplasticity, ____26____function is to make our brain stay flexible and give us the ability to learn throughout our lives. Many creatures which are genetically close to ____27____ (we) can’t do this and only learn during their adolescence.
But for every person who loves learning, there are plenty who can’t stand it. Lots of people remember their school days as being boring or even pointless. Why is this Educational experts have suggested that ____28____ a concept or idea is too complex or dull, it becomes harder to link old and new ideas together. If that’s the case, we lose motivation and absorb less information. As a result, ____29____people are negatively exposed to at school may lead to them avoiding learning opportunities in later life.
So, don’t let a bad educational experience prevent you learning something new as an adult. Evolution has made us lifelong learners, ____30____take advantage of your biology and discover your inner philomath. Who knows what you could achieve
【答案】21. learning
22. with 23. is programmed
24. To make
25. refers 26. whose
27. us 28. if##when
29. what##whatever##something##all##anything
30. so
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是不要让糟糕的教育经历阻止你成年后学习新东西。进化让我们终身学习，所以要利用生理优势，发现内在的哲学。
【21题详解】
考查动名词。句意：还是说你更像Michael Nicholson，学无止境？根据“Are you the kind of person who hated school Or”可知，句子表示“还是说你更像Michael Nicholson，学无止境”，也就是不会停止学习，stop doing是固定短语，意为“停止做某事”，因此空格处用动名词作宾语，故填learning。
【22题详解】
考查介词。句意：这个词来自希腊语，“phil”的意思是“热爱的人”，“math”的意思是“学习”。由“‘phil’ meaning ‘a lover of’”可知，此处是with复合结构，表伴随，故填with。
【23题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：在某种程度上，人类都是爱好文学的人——我们的大脑天生好奇。brain和programme之间是逻辑动宾关系，句子描述客观事实，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语our brain是单数，因此空格处是is programmed。故填is programmed。
【24题详解】
考查不定式。句意：为了理解这个世界，我们渴望学习和理解。由“we are eager to learn and understand”可知，空格处要用不定式表目的，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填To make。
【25题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是一个术语，指的是包括人类在内的一些动物的青春期特征一直维持到成年。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，that指代的先行词a term是单数，因此空格处是第三人称单数refers。故填refers。
【26题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些特征之一是神经可塑性，其功能是使我们的大脑保持灵活，并赋予我们一生的学习能力。分析可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，neuroplasticity和function之间是所属关系，空格处用表示所属的关系代词whose引导定语从句，故填whose。
【27题详解】
考查代词。句意：许多与我们基因相近的生物无法做到这一点，只能在青春期学习。空格处用we的宾格us作宾语，故填us。
【28题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：教育专家建议，如果一个概念或想法太复杂或太枯燥，就很难把新旧想法联系起来。由“a concept or idea is too complex or dull, it becomes harder to link old and new ideas together”可知，句子表示“如果一个概念或想法太复杂或太枯燥，就很难把新旧想法联系起来”或“当一个概念或想法太复杂或太枯燥时，就很难把新旧想法联系起来”，空格处可用if引导条件状语从句，也可用when引导时间状语从句，故填if/when。
【29题详解】
考查主语从句和代词。句意：因此，人们在学校接触到的消极的东西可能会导致他们在以后的生活中错过学习的机会。“people are negatively exposed to at school”是主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，因此用what引导宾语从句，也可用whatever引导主语从句，表示“人们在学校接触到的任何消极的东西”；空格处也可用代词something/all/anything作先行词，“people are negatively exposed to at school”是定语从句，省略了关系代词that，故填what/whatever/something/all/anything。
【30题详解】
考查连词。句意：进化让我们终身学习，所以利用你的生理优势，发现你内在的哲学。根据“Evolution has made us lifelong learners”可知，句子表示“进化让我们终身学习，所以利用你的生理优势，发现你内在的哲学”，空格处意为“所以”，用so，故填so。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. based B. genuinely C. irrelevant D. outsized E. persist F. previously G. profile H. reasoning I. shaped J. similar K. subsequent
It happens just about every time I go to a restaurant with my daughter. I open the menu and scan the options. Then I glance at the children’s menu. Oftentimes, the menu is pretty____31____, with the same pasta and tomato sauce. But the items on the children’s menu are usually less expensive, and I’ll think to myself: Wow, good deal.
If I think again for a moment, though, the deal isn’t really a deal. After all, I estimated the cost of the pasta____32____on the adult menu, not on the actual cost of making some bow-tie noodles and serving them with a red sauce.
My faulty____33____is the product of anchoring, a cognitive bias (认知偏差) that can weaken our critical thinking.
According to researchers, anchoring is when people rely on____34____but easily accessible facts to make judgments. Our minds give too much weight to initial impressions or numbers that influence our____35____thoughts. In my case, the prices on the adult menu____36____or anchored my judgment about the value of the items on the children’s menu.
Studies show that anchoring effects____37____no matter how weak the connection between the anchor and the actual decision. One study found that “estimates of an athlete’s performance were influenced by the number on his jersey ( 运 动 衫 ).” In other words, people thought that an athlete with a higher jersey number was better than an athlete with a lower number, all else being equal.
Anchoring affects all kinds of decisions, even those made by experts who should know better. In particular, a recent study shows that anchoring is far more common in the financial world than____38____ believed, with substantial anchoring effects influencing performance in the stock market. A study showed that investors valued firms more highly if the firms had higher stock prices. So, if two companies have the same financial____39____except that Company X has fewer shares at a higher price than Company Y, then Company X’s shares will sell better over the long run than Company Y’s. Why Because the stock price — the anchor — enhances the company’s perceived value.
The phenomenon of anchoring shows that while we think of ourselves as rational and logical beings, unrelated details can have a(n) ____40____influence on our reasoning. The best solution is to improve critical thinking skills. Otherwise, you might be a victim of anchoring, dragged down by your bias, whether you notice it or not.
【答案】31. J 32. A
33. H 34. C
35. K 36. I
37. E 38. F
39. G 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者主要论述了自己对于成人菜单和儿童菜单价格不同的看法以及背后的经济原理。
【31题详解】
考查形容词。句意：通常情况下，菜单非常相似，都是同样的意大利面和番茄酱。作表语，结合句意表示“相似的”应用形容词similar。故填similar。故选J。
【32题详解】
考查动词。句意：毕竟，我是根据成人菜单来估算意大利面的成本的，而不是根据制作领结面并配上红酱的实际成本。根据句意表示“根据”可知短语为be based on，省略be动词，用过去分词作定语。故填based。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词。句意：我错误的推理是锚定的产物，这是一种认知偏见，会削弱我们的批判性思维。作主语，结合句意表示“推理”应用名词reasoning。故填reasoning。故选H。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。句意：根据研究人员的说法，锚定是指人们依靠无关但容易获得的事实来做出判断。作定语修饰名词facts，结合句意表示“无关的”应用形容词irrelevant。故填irrelevant。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们的头脑过于看重影响我们随后想法的最初印象或数字。作定语修饰名词thoughts，结合句意表示“随后的”应用形容词subsequent。故填subsequent。故选K。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：就我而言，成人菜单上的价格决定了我对儿童菜单上商品价值的判断。作谓语，一般过去时，结合句意表示“决定”应用动词shaped，故填shaped。故选I。
【37题详解】
考查动词。句意：研究表明，无论锚定与实际决策之间的联系有多弱，锚定效应都会持续存在。作从句谓语，结合句意表示“存在”应用动词persist。为一般现在时。主语为anchoring effects，谓语用原形。故填persist。故选E。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：特别是，最近的一项研究表明，锚定在金融界比以前认为的要普遍得多，大量的锚定效应影响着股票市场的表现。修饰动词believe，结合句意表示“以前”应用副词previously作状语。故填previously。故选F。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：因此，如果两家公司的财务状况相同，除了X公司的股票比Y公司的股票少，而且价格更高，那么从长期来看，X公司的股票比Y公司的股票卖得更好。作宾语，结合句意表示“状况”应用名词profile。故填profile。故选G。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：锚定现象表明，虽然我们认为自己是理性的、有逻辑的存在，但不相关的细节会对我们的推理产生巨大的影响。作定语修饰名词influence，结合句意表示“巨大的”应用形容词outsized。故填outsized。故选D。
III. Reading Comprehension Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Online Arts
Fancy an evening at the theatre but can’t face sitting there for hours Theatre companies will happily offer live performances online. Want to see a band but____41____by the high ticket prices No worries. Many mainstream bands allow their concerts to be____42____free of charge. Now galleries are getting____43____too, enabling sofa-bound art lovers to wander around the world’s greatest art institutions, all in high resolution(分辨率) and without fear of getting sore feet. But is it really the same as seeing paintings in the flesh I decided to find out.
I head to the Museo Reina Sofia in Madrid one of my favourite galleries. I enjoy myself racing past sculptures and staring at various portraits in a manner that I would disapprove of were I actually there. There’s a lot to be said for ____44____art this way. Admission is free and there aren’t any queues. ____45____, you won’t have to tolerate the noise of fellow visitors as they loudly broadcast their knowledge of the oil paintings on exhibit.
But it’s no____46____for the real thing. Billions of pixels(像素) ____47____to accurately transmit the scale or colour or atmosphere of a painting or convey the sense of wonder you feel when standing in front of it. And only in a gallery do you have the opportunity to____48____the rest of the world, engage with a work and view it in context. My enduring thought, while I am walking around the Museo Reina Sofia____49____, is how much nicer it would be if I were literally in Madrid.
____50____in almost all its forms is meant to be a shared experience, whether you are sitting in an opera house or wandering around a gallery. It is also a ritual, one that is about so much more than the cultural event itself. Often the pleasure is as much in the____51____as the execution (执行). Remove the preparation part where you imagine how it will be, and you____52____a vital part of the experience.
Lying on the sofa, with computers, phones and remote controls readily____53____, is something I routinely do. But when it comes to art appreciation, even a lazy man like me can recognise the basic____54____to leave the house. Ultimately it’s a bit like watching holidays on TV. Yes, you can cut out the sweat and the aching legs. By staying at home, you can stare at the locals without embarrassment and____55____the finest views. But it’s just not the same if you can’t feel the sun on your face.
41. A. handed down B. taken off C. put off D. locked down
42. A. streamed B. converted C. scanned D. moderated
43. A. prioritized B. stuck C. paid D. involved
44. A. recreating B. viewing C. integrating D. relaying
45. A. Plus B. Instead C. Hence D. However
46. A. boundary B. blame C. substitute D. scheme
47. A. neglect B. guarantee C. proceed D. fail
48. A. shut out B. stock up C. correspond with D. intervene in
49. A. identically B. digitally C. respectively D. ultimately
50. A. Identity B. Travelling C. Art D. Fantasy
51. A. conservation B. exception C. duration D. anticipation
52. A. take away B. engage with C. bring out D. object to
53. A. inevitable B. accessible C. adaptable D. reversible
54. A. assurance B. level C. way D. requirement
55. A. take in B. wait for C. adjust to D. emphasize on
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. C 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章中作者论述了自己对于网上进行艺术参观的看法和感受。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：想看乐队演出，却被高昂的票价耽搁了？A. handed down宣布；B. taken off起飞；C. put off推迟；D. locked down锁住。根据后文“by the high-ticket prices”指高昂的机票耽搁了看乐队演出。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多主流乐队允许他们的演唱会在网上免费播放。A. streamed网上播放，流动；B. converted转变；C. scanned扫描；D. moderated缓和。根据上文“Theatre companies will happily offer live performances online.(戏剧公司将乐于提供在线现场演出)”可推知，许多主流乐队允许他们的演唱会在网上免费播放。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在画廊也参与进来，让坐在沙发上的艺术爱好者可以在世界上最伟大的艺术机构里漫步，所有这些都是高分辨率的，不用担心脚痛。A. prioritized优先处理；B. stuck粘；C. paid支付；D. involved涉及。根据上文“Now galleries are getting”可知，这里指画廊参与到网上参观活动中。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：用这种方式观看艺术作品有很多可取之处。A. recreating再创造；B. viewing看；C. integrating整合；D. relaying传递。根据后文“art this way”指观看艺术作品。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，你不必忍受其他参观者大声宣传他们对展出油画了解时发出的噪音。A. Plus此外；B. Instead相反；C. Hence因此；D. However然而。后文“you won’t have to tolerate the noise of fellow visitors as they loudly broadcast their knowledge of the oil paintings on exhibit.(你不必忍受其他参观者大声宣传他们对展出油画的了解时发出的噪音)”是对上文网上观看艺术作品的补充说明。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但它不能代替真正的东西。A. boundary界限；B. blame责备；C. substitute替代；D. scheme计划。根据后文“for the real thing.”指网上参观无法替代真正的东西。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：数十亿像素无法准确地传达一幅画的规模、颜色或氛围，也无法传达你站在画前所感受到的惊叹。A. neglect忽视；B. guarantee保证；C. proceed加工；D. fail失败。根据后文“to accurately transmit the scale or colour or atmosphere of a painting or convey the sense of wonder you feel when standing in front of it”可知，数十亿像素无法准确地传达一幅画的规模、颜色或氛围，也无法传达你站在画前所感受到的惊叹。短语fail to表示“未能”。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：只有在画廊里，你才有机会把世界的其他部分拒之门外，与一件作品互动，在情境中欣赏它。A. shut out排除；B. stock up备货；C. correspond with符合；D. intervene in干预。根据后文“the rest of the world, engage with a work and view it in context”可知，只有在画廊里，你才有机会把世界的其他部分拒之门外，与一件作品互动，在情境中欣赏它。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我在索非亚皇后博物馆数码漫步时，我一直在想，如果我真的在马德里该有多好。A. identically同一地；B. digitally数码地；C. respectively分别地；D. ultimately最终。根据后文“is how much nicer it would be if I were literally in Madrid.”可知，作者是在数码馆参观的。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你是坐在歌剧院里，还是在画廊里漫步，几乎所有形式的艺术都意味着一种共同的体验。A. Identity身份；B. Travelling旅行；C. Art艺术；D. Fantasy幻想。根据后文“whether you are sitting in an opera house or wandering around a gallery”可知是指艺术形式。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常，期待和执行的乐趣是一样的。A. conservation保护；B. exception例外；C. duration持续；D. anticipation预期。根据后文“as the execution”可知，与执行对应的是期待。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：把你想象的准备部分去掉，你就拿走了经历中至关重要的一部分。A. take away拿走；B. engage with交战；C. bring out出版；D. object to反对。与上文“Remove the preparation part where you imagine how it will be”中remove相对应，这里指把你想象的准备部分去掉，你就拿走了经历中至关重要的一部分。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：躺在沙发上，电脑、电话和遥控器随处可得，这是我经常做的事情。A. inevitable必然发生的；B. accessible可到达的；C. adaptable能适应的；D. reversible可逆的。根据上文“with computers, phones and remote controls readily”指电脑、电话和遥控器随处可得，故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但说到艺术欣赏，即使是像我这样的懒人也能认识到基本的要求——离开家。A. assurance确保；B. level水平；C. way方法；D. requirement要求。根据后文“to leave the house”指离开家去欣赏艺术是基本要求。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：呆在家里，你可以毫不尴尬地凝视当地人，欣赏最美的景色。A. take in欣赏，理解；B. wait for等待；C. adjust to调节；D. emphasize on强调。根据后文“the finest views”可知，指欣赏最美的景色。故选A。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
During recent years legends have grown up among people who live near the park, legends of life among the treetops.
One story was of a young, handsome man who had been spotted from time to time among the branches. This rumour about a modern Tarzan (人猿泰山) turned out to be true. The young man had been living in the treetops for eight years until discovered by the city authorities.
It is a touching tale. Bob Redman, brought up by his mother in a tiny Manhattan apartment, had always been addicted to trees. When he was 14, he went into the park and built himself a tree house. It was the first of 13 houses, each one more elaborate than the last. “I like to be in trees,” Redman explained to a reporter from the New York Times. “I like to be up, away from everything. I enjoy staying alone.”
Redman went to great pains to hide his tree houses, building them in neglected corners of the park and camouflaging them with branches and green paint. Friends used to come to visit him, sometimes as many as 12 people at a time, bringing sandwiches and radios and books and torches.
The park authorities quickly became aware of his activities. However, the houses were often not detected for long periods of time. Some lasted as long as a whole year before they were found and destroyed by officials, with a mournful Bob Redman watching from a distance. His magnificent final house went unnoticed for four months before Bob was awoken one morning with the words: “Come down! The party’s over!”
Rather than being thrown into jail, Redman was offered a job. He is now a professional gardener and tree climber for the Central Park. However, he has had to promise not to build any more tree houses. He says he cannot believe that a job so perfect for him could possibly exist.
In our busy, competitive world, I suppose it is comforting to know that a man like Bob Redman exists.
56. Which of the following statements about Bob Redman is TRUE
A. He built 14 tree houses altogether. B. He rented his final house to some friends.
C. He was raised amid trees in the countryside. D. He gave an interview to the New York Times.
57. The bold word “camouflaging” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to________.
A. decorating B. hiding C. equipping D. integrating
58. The underlined sentence in paragraph 5 suggests that________.
A. parties should not be held overnight
B. parties are not allowed in the Central Park
C. no more tree houses should exist in the Central Park
D. the owner of the tree house should get down to work
59. Which might be the best title of the passage
A. Tarzan of the Central Park B. Locked Up or Breaking Free
C. A Special Job Hunter in New York D. Tree Houses — the Ultimate Habitat
【答案】56 D 57. B 58. C 59. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Bob Redman在公园给自己建树屋，在树顶住了8年，直到被市政当局发现。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中““I like to be in trees,” Redman explained to a reporter from the New York Times.(“我喜欢呆在树上，”雷德曼向《纽约时报》的一名记者解释道)”可知，他接受了《纽约时报》的采访。故选D。
【57题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Redman went to great pains to hide his tree houses, building them in neglected corners of the park and”以及后文“them with branches and green paint”可知，雷德曼煞费苦心地隐藏他的树屋，把它们建在公园里被忽视的角落里，用树枝和绿色油漆伪装起来。故画线词意思是“隐藏”。故选B。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“The park authorities quickly became aware of his activities. However, the houses were often not detected for long periods of time. Some lasted as long as a whole year before they were found and destroyed by officials, with a mournful Bob Redman watching from a distance.(公园管理部门很快就发现了他的活动。然而，这些房子往往在很长一段时间内都没有被发现。有些保存了整整一年，才被官员们发现并销毁，Bob Redman在远处悲伤地看着)”可推知，第5段中划线的句子表明中央公园不应该再有树屋。故选C。
【59题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“This rumour about a modern Tarzan (人猿泰山) turned out to be true. The young man had been living in the treetops for eight years until discovered by the city authorities.(关于现代人猿泰山的传言被证实是真的。这个年轻人在树顶住了8年，直到被市政当局发现)”结合文章文章主要讲述了Bob Redman在公园给自己建树屋，在树顶住了8年，直到被市政当局发现。可知，A选项“中央公园的人猿泰山”最符合文章标题。故选A。
(B)
________ ________TO TENDER(投标)
Contract for the design of a luxury hotel and conference centre in Rio de Janeiro.
Horizon Hotel & Conference Centre — 5 stars
www.hotelhorizon.br | 320 rooms
Candidates are asked to submit their letter of intention before 24 June, 2023.
Horizon Hotels and Conference Centres (HHCC) invites several architectural firms to present a plan for designing a Hotel and Conference Centre in Rio de Janeiro.
HHCC is an international chain of high-class hotels and conference centres. It is famous for providing luxury accommodation and outstanding service. We intend the hotel to be used for conferences and congresses by groups from all over the world.
Selected architectural firms are asked to submit a plan for the ground floor of the building, which will be L-shaped. Details of the project are as follows.
The hotel will have seven floors:
Basement — equipment and storage
Ground floor — facilities to be decided
First floor — a large conference room, three meeting rooms and a seminar room
Second floor — office accommodation
Third-fifth floors — bedrooms
Sixth floor — a large restaurant, available for guests and the general public
The contract to design the hotel and conference centre will be awarded to the architectural firm which produces the best plan for the ground floor.
60. Which word best fits the question mark “ ” in the passage
A. INVITATION B. APPROACH
C. CONTRACT D. SUBMISSION
61. According to the passage, the hotel to be built will be mainly intended for________.
A. holiday makers B. conference attendees
C. architectural firms D. construction workers
62. HHCC’s final decision will be based on the best design of________.
A. the basement B. the first floor
C. the ground floor D. the whole building
【答案】60. A 61. B 62. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则关于地平线酒店和会议中心的投标邀请。
【60题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中“Horizon Hotels and Conference Centres (HHCC) invites several architectural firms to present a plan for designing a Hotel and Conference Centre in Rio de Janeiro. (地平线酒店和会议中心（HHCC）邀请几家建筑公司提出了在里约热内卢里约热内卢设计酒店和会议中心的方案)”可推知，文章是投标的邀请书。故“邀请”最适合问号部分。故选A。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中“We intend the hotel to be used for conferences and congresses by groups from all over the world.(我们打算将该酒店用作来自世界各地团体的会议和代表大会)”可知，将要建造的酒店将主要用于会议与会者。故选B。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The contract to design the hotel and conference centre will be awarded to the architectural firm which produces the best plan for the ground floor.(酒店和会议中心的设计合同将授予为底层设计出最佳方案的建筑公司)”可知，HHCC的最终决定将基于底层的最佳设计。故选C。
(C)
Trust me — I am expedition doctor
Ever since I was a young child, I’ve had a taste for adventure, but I never imagined I’d be able to satisfy this passion at regular intervals because of my chosen career.
My work as an expedition (探险队) doctor has taken me all over the world. However, my favourite trips, and the ones in which I now specialise, are those involving mountains. Never do I feel more inspired by nature than when I look up at their towering peaks and begin to prepare myself mentally for the challenges ahead.
I trained as a doctor in the UK, but there was little in that training to prepare me for binding up a broken leg during a storm on the side of a mountain! In fact, I’d say that medical skills come some way down the list of job requirements, after endurance, flexibility, problem-solving and communication.
This kind of medicine is a million miles away from the controlled, germ-free environment of a hospital, and your medical kit basically consists of whatever you can carry, so you sometimes have to be prepared to improvise (即兴做). For example, I’ve learned that some drugs can be used for several conditions, and I’ve even had to resort to cutting branches off a small tree to make a stick to support a broken arm.
That isn’t to say that you can’t train to be an expedition doctor; on the contrary, there are some excellent courses available. Not only do they teach medical techniques, but also practical skills such as carrying out risk assessments, crossing rivers safely and using satellite phones. The first course I did included a session on expedition dentistry, though I must admit I still don’t like the idea of pulling out someone’s tooth!
I do most of my work for adventure holiday companies, travelling to remote places. When I started out, these holidays were quite rare, but they have become much more mainstream now that we’ve all seen celebrities climbing Kilimanjaro or watched reality shows about people surviving in jungles.
I do have mixed feelings about all these people with large amounts of disposable income coming to poor areas just for their own enjoyment, so I try to make sure that the companies I work for have high ethical standards and benefit the local communities. And of course, tourism provides employment, and also opens the eyes of rich visitors to the hardship that many people are forced to endure.
I realise that this kind of life isn’t for everyone, but I’d recommend that all doctors try it at least once, if only to make them appreciate the comforts of their usual working environment!
63. The author feels that he has been________.
A. obliged to choose his career B. lucky with his job
C. obsessed with his adventure D. inspired by his patients
64. According to the passage, what can be learned about medical skills for an expedition doctor
A. They are less important than practical skills.
B. They are strictly required as the most important.
C. They are adequately attained in medical schools.
D. They are an underlying part of practical skills.
65. Why do expedition doctors sometimes have to use unusual techniques
A. They keep their equipment in a backpack.
B. Things can happen that they don’t expect.
C. They don’t have the resources of a hospital.
D. They are required by the patients on the trip.
66. The author works for ethical companies because________.
A. they organise expeditions in the remote areas he enjoys visiting
B. they appreciate the comforts of the unusual working environments
C. he wants to make sure that his clients are safe at all times during the expedition
D. he feels uncomfortable about the difference between rich tourists and poor local people
【答案】63. B 64. A 65. C 66. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者主要讲述了自己作为远征医生的工作经历。
【63题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Ever since I was a young child, I’ve had a taste for adventure, but I never imagined I’d be able to satisfy this passion at regular intervals because of my chosen career.(我从小就喜欢冒险，但我从来没有想过我会因为我所选择的职业而定期满足这种激情。)”可知，作者觉得有这份工作很幸运，故选B。
【64题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“In fact, I’d say that medical skills come some way down the list of job requirements, after endurance, flexibility, problem-solving and communication.(事实上，我想说的是，在工作要求清单上，医疗技能排在耐力、灵活性、解决问题的能力和沟通能力之后。)”可知，作为远征医生，医疗技能不如实用技能重要。故选A。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“This kind of medicine is a million miles away from the controlled, germ-free environment of a hospital, and your medical kit basically consists of whatever you can carry, so you sometimes have to be prepared to improvise (即兴做).(这种药物远离医院那种受控制的无菌环境，而且你的医疗箱基本上包括你能携带的任何东西，所以有时你必须准备好临时应变。)”可知，远征医生有时不得不使用不寻常的技术是因为他们没有医院那样的资源。故选C。
【66题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“I do have mixed feelings about all these people with large amounts of disposable income coming to poor areas just for their own enjoyment, so I try to make sure that the companies I work for have high ethical standards and benefit the local communities.(对于这些拥有大量可支配收入的人来到贫困地区只是为了自己的享受，我确实有一种复杂的感情，所以我努力确保我工作的公司有很高的道德标准，并有益于当地社区。)”可知，作者为有道德的公司工作，因为他对富有的游客和贫穷的当地人之间的差异感到不舒服。故选D。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Eating meat is not a crime against the planet — if it’s done right
I have huge admiration for George Monbiot, a well-known columnist. His work has highlighted the urgent need to reduce our CO2 emissions and switch to greener energy. He has also shown intensive farming’s role in the dramatic levels of species decline and biodiversity loss. Much of what he writes is in line with my stand. ____67____
It is undeniable that the farming revolution of the 1950s has started a war on nature. These intensive ways of producing food are not only polluting our land and waterways, but are heating up our planet and contributing to a crisis in human health. We need to change the way we eat and produce food, and fast.
____68____But in a recent article, he wrote that organic, pasture-fed beef and lamb are the “world’s most damaging farm products.” He criticises “chefs and foodies” like me for focusing on regenerative grazing — farming that aims to repair, rebuild, revitalize and restore ecosystem function. His alternative vision includes a revolution in creating food in labs from microbes and water.
Although not opposed to the idea of lab-grown food, I am much more for small-scale community-driven farming.
____69____Methods that regenerative farmers propose have shown how non-intensive livestock, when managed well, can increase topsoil more than previously thought, which can then build up biomass (carbon) and keep precious rainwater. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN, small-scale farmers currently produce about a third of our food.
____70____These inventions in new food technology are heavily patented, pushing the future of our food supply further into the hands of an increasingly small and powerful collection of multinational food players. In our race to look for better systems of food production. We cannot afford to ignore the risks.
A. Thus far Monbiot and I agree.
B. Monbiot’s enthusiasm for creating food in labs worries me.
C. That is because I believe in the potential of food to be a force for good.
D. Regenerative farming has produced untested food through small-scale farms.
E. The health impact of processed foods gets very little attention from the government.
F. However, regarding the solutions needed to change our farming and food systems, we have different views.
【答案】67. F 68. A 69. C 70. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者和专栏作家乔治·蒙比尔特对于食物种植和新食品技术的看法。
【67题详解】
根据上文“I have huge admiration for George Monbiot, a well-known columnist. His work has highlighted the urgent need to reduce our CO2 emissions and switch to greener energy. He has also shown intensive farming’s role in the dramatic levels of species decline and biodiversity loss. Much of what he writes is in line with my stand.(我非常敬佩著名专栏作家乔治·蒙比尔特。他的工作强调了减少二氧化碳排放和转向绿色能源的迫切需要。他还展示了集约化农业在物种急剧减少和生物多样性丧失方面的作用。他写的很多东西都与我的立场一致)”结合后文论述了作者和乔治·蒙比尔特的不同观点，可知本句与上文构成转折。故F选项“然而，关于改变我们的农业和粮食系统所需要的解决方案，我们有不同的看法”符合语境，故选F。
【68题详解】
根据后文“But in a recent article, he wrote that organic, pasture-fed beef and lamb are the “world’s most damaging farm products.” He criticises “chefs and foodies” like me for focusing on regenerative grazing — farming that aims to repair, rebuild, revitalize and restore ecosystem function. His alternative vision includes a revolution in creating food in labs from microbes and water.(但在最近的一篇文章中，他写道，有机牧场饲养的牛羊肉是“世界上最具破坏性的农产品”。他批评像我这样的“厨师和美食家”专注于再生放牧——旨在修复、重建、振兴和恢复生态系统功能的农业。他的另一种设想包括在实验室里用微生物和水制造食物的革命)”可知，后文与本句构成转折，后文说明了观点的不同，可知本句是在说明二人都赞成的情况——即上文提到的“It is undeniable that the farming revolution of the 1950s has started a war on nature. These intensive ways of producing food are not only polluting our land and waterways, but are heating up our planet and contributing to a crisis in human health. We need to change the way we eat and produce food, and fast.(不可否认，20世纪50年代的农业革命已经开始了一场对自然的战争。这些密集的粮食生产方式不仅污染了我们的土地和水道，而且使我们的地球升温，并导致人类健康危机。我们需要改变饮食和生产食物的方式，而且要快)”。故A选项“到目前为止，Monbiot和我都同意”符合语境，故选A。
【69题详解】
根据上文“Although not opposed to the idea of lab-grown food, I am much more for small-scale community-driven farming.(虽然我不反对实验室种植食物的想法，但我更支持小规模的社区农业)”可知，本句承接上文说明作者支持小规模社区农业的原因，故C选项“那是因为我相信食物有潜力成为一种向善的力量”符合语境，故选C。
【70题详解】
根据后文“These inventions in new food technology are heavily patented, pushing the future of our food supply further into the hands of an increasingly small and powerful collection of multinational food players. In our race to look for better systems of food production. We cannot afford to ignore the risks.(这些新食品技术的发明获得了大量专利，将我们食品供应的未来进一步推向了越来越小而强大的跨国食品公司的手中。在我们寻找更好的粮食生产系统的竞赛中。我们不能忽视这些风险)”可知，后文主要说明了新食品技术发明的风险，即作者的担忧。故B选项“Monbiot在实验室创造食物的热情让我担心”符合语境，故选B。
IV. Summary Writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The problem of electronic waste
We have gradually come to realise that in two ways in particular, modern hi-tech can be bad for the planet. The first is its energy use; the worldwide scale of information technology is so enormous that electronics now produce fully two percent of global carbon emissions, which is about the same as the highly controversial emissions of aeroplanes. The other is the hardware, when it comes to the end of its natural life. This, increasingly, is pretty short. We have hardly noticed this important stream of waste, so much so that a Greenpeace report on the untraced and unreported e-waste two years ago referred to it as “the hidden flow”. We need to be aware of it.
The latest United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) report estimates that worldwide, electronic waste is mounting by about 40 million tons a year. So what can we do about it
The European Union has recognised the problem by adopting a key principle: producer responsibility. In other words, making it the duty of manufacturers of electronic goods to ensure their safe disposal at the end of their lives. In practice, an EU regulation now means that electronics dealers must either take back the equipment they sold you, or help to finance a network of drop-off points, such as public recycling sites. Its main feature is quite ambitious: it aims to deal with “everything with a plug”.
The new UN report suggests that all countries could do something about the problem with a change in design. Groups such as Greenpeace have led the way in putting pressure on major manufacturing companies to find substitutes for the toxic chemicals inside their products. Encouragingly, they have had some success in forcing them to develop non-poisonous alternatives to these. This may be the real way forward.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】We are increasingly aware that modern hi-tech can be bad for the planet, which includes its energy use and the hardware. The European Union has recognised the increasing electronic waste problem by adopting a key principle: producer responsibility. The new UN report suggests that all countries could do something about the problem with a change in design.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，我们已经逐渐意识到现代高科技对地球有害，这包括它的能源使用和硬件。欧盟已经认识到日益严重的电子垃圾问题，并采取了一项关键原则：生产者责任。这份新的联合国报告表明，所有国家都可以通过改变设计来解决这个问题。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①We have gradually come to realise that in two ways in particular, modern hi-tech can be bad for the planet. The first is its energy use; The other is the hardware, when it comes to the end of its natural life.
②The latest United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) report estimates that worldwide, electronic waste is mounting by about 40 million tons a year. The European Union has recognised the problem by adopting a key principle: producer responsibility.
③The new UN report suggests that all countries could do something about the problem with a change in design.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3两个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
We are increasingly aware that modern hi-tech can be bad for the planet, which includes its energy use and the hardware.
The European Union has recognised the increasing electronic waste problem by adopting a key principle: producer responsibility.
The new UN report suggests that all countries could do something about the problem with a change in design.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We are increasingly aware that modern hi-tech can be bad for the planet, which includes its energy use and the hardware.运用that引导宾语从句对原文第一段进行概括。
[高分句型2] The European Union has recognised the increasing electronic waste problem by adopting a key principle: producer responsibility.用动名词作宾语对第三段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 骑行的流行体现了公众对健康生活方式的追求。(pursue)(汉译英)
【答案】The popularity of cycling shows that the public are pursuing a healthy lifestyle.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和宾语从句。表示“骑行的流行”短语为the popularity of cycling；show作谓语，句子用一般现在时。后跟that引导的宾语从句，从句为现在进行时，表示“公众对健康生活方式的追求”翻译为the public are pursuing a healthy lifestyle。故翻译为The popularity of cycling shows that the public are pursuing a healthy lifestyle.
73. 一旦全社会重视激发想象力，促进创新的文化便会形成。(once) (汉译英)
【答案】Once the whole society lays emphasis on inspiring/firing/fueling imagination, a culture that boosts innovation will take form/come into being.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、状语从句和固定短语。此处once引导时间状语从句，一般现在时，表示“一旦”；表示“全社会重视激发想象力”翻译为the whole society lays emphasis on inspiring/firing/fueling imagination；主句主语为culture，表示“促进创新的文化便会形成”翻译为a culture that boosts innovation will take form/come into being，that引导定语从句（一般现在时），that指代先行词a culture，在从句中作主语。主句为一般将来时。故翻译为Once the whole society lays emphasis on inspiring/firing/fueling imagination, a culture that boosts innovation will take form/come into being.
74. 这对双胞胎兄弟是何时开始崭露头角，并一跃成为匈牙利当代文学的领军人物？(emerge) (汉译英)
【答案】When did the twin brothers begin to emerge as the leading figures of the contemporary Hungarian literature
【解析】
【详解】考查特殊疑问句和时态。此处用特殊疑问词when表示“何时”，在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，助动词用did，主语the twin brothers表示“双胞胎兄弟”，begin to do表示“开始做某事”，emerge as表示“成为”，the leading figures of the contemporary Hungarian literature表示“匈牙利当代文学的领军人物”。故翻译为When did the twin brothers begin to emerge as the leading figures of the contemporary Hungarian literature
75. 设计师耗时五年才设计出来这款咖啡杯，备受年轻人追捧，其特色是瓷器与流行文化的完美结合。(which) (汉译英)
【答案】The designer spent five years working on the coffee cup, which is popular among young people and features the perfect integration of china and pop culture.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、定语从句和固定短语。此处主语为designer；spend time (in) doing sth. (花时间做某事)，work on (从事)，表示“耗时五年才设计出来这款咖啡杯”一般过去时，翻译为spent five years working on the coffee cup；后跟which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词the coffee cup，在从句中作主语，表示“备受年轻人追捧”翻译为be popular among young people；表示“其特色是瓷器与流行文化的完美结合”翻译为feature the perfect integration of china and pop culture，句子用一般现在时。故翻译为The designer spent five years working on the coffee cup, which is popular among young people and features the perfect integration of china and pop culture.
VI. Guided Writing
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李华，目前担任学校社团负责人。近期，你校被评为社团明星学校，为了在报纸上分享你校社团情况，请你以“Clubs in My School”为题，写一篇文章，内容须包含：
1. 对你校社团进行分类；
2. 具体描述每一类社团的特色。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Clubs in My School
To enrich students’ life, our school organizes a variety of clubs in my school. Almost every student in our school participates in a club, which makes their school life colorful. Generally speaking, the clubs in my school can be classified into two types: sports club and art club.
Sports club are popular among students. There are basketball club, football club, swimming club and so on, which are organized by students with the same interest. So students there can make friends. Besides, they can not only play sports in free time, but also they can learn some sports skills.
Art club including music club, painting club and so on, gives students a chance to admire the art. Also, it provides students some knowledge about art. Meanwhile, students there can have the access to the instrument, such as piano, Erhu and so on.
All the students in my school like the clubs. So I think the clubs are very significant.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“Clubs in My School”为题，写一篇文章，内容须包含：对你校社团进行分类；具体描述每一类社团的特色。
【详解】1.词汇积累
等等：and so on→and the like
此外：Besides→In addition
机会：chance→opportunity
同时：Meanwhile→At the same time
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Art club including music club, painting club and so on, gives students a chance to admire the art.
拓展句：Art club which includes music club, painting club and so on, gives students a chance to admire the art.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Almost every student in our school participates in a club, which makes their school life colorful. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] There are basketball club, football club, swimming club and so on, which are organized by students with the same interest. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)浦东新区2022学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测高三英语试卷
I. Listening Comprehension Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. 15 minutes. B. 5 minutes. C. 10 minutes. D. 25 minutes.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. A mechanic. B. A house agent.
C. A medical worker. D. A salesperson.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Amused. B. Disappointed. C. Fascinated. D. Sympathetic.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. She dislikes going to school.
B. She spends little time with her friends.
C. She has adapted easily to her new school.
D. She spends most of her free time at school.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. She’s watching the cars go by.
B. She prefers to keep herself busy.
C. The man works harder than she does.
D. The man should feel well soon enough.
6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The new shoes are worth a try.
B. He thinks shopping is a waste of money.
C. The shoes are not suitable for his daughter.
D. He doesn’t want to give any comments on the shoes.
7. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. She didn’t quite enjoy the game.
B. She didn’t sit in a comfortable way.
C. She regretted spending time watching the game.
D. She felt quite excited and nervous while watching.
8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The woman should go somewhere else to train.
B. The woman should train with heavier weights.
C. The woman should practice different kinds of weights.
D. The woman should gain her weight with heavier weights.
9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Parents tend not to be easy to please.
B. Travelling in Mexico is a bit stressful.
C. His parents may enjoy the beach vacation.
D. Spending two weeks in Thailand can be challenging.
10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The plot was too simplified.
B. It was a well-made show overall.
C. It put too much emphasis on special effects.
D. The story should have been unfolded slowly.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11.
A. By offering thanks orally to the loved ones.
B. By showing gratefulness on a regular basis.
C. By developing good sleeping and eating habits.
D. By taking exercise with close friends regularly.
12.
A. Noticing the positive helps cure eating disorders.
B. Practicing gratitude can lengthen your sleep cycle.
C. Showing thankfulness contributes to your career promotion.
D. Admiring others’ value can improve relationship in workplaces.
13.
A. It is a blessing that we are valued.
B. Extending gratitude has multiple benefits.
C. We should stop counting sheep or calories.
D. People can learn to be appreciative by heart.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14.
A. It may reduce the burden on the environment.
B. They want to make these clothes worth every penny.
C. It is one of the latest services provided by some sellers.
D. They may want to show off new clothes on social media.
15.
A. They might end up as garbage.
B. They will be donated to charity.
C. They are reduced to packaging waste.
D. They will be shipped abroad for resale.
16.
A. Consumers will think it over before placing orders.
B. Retailers will focus on offering more stylish clothes.
C. People may be encouraged to buy more clothes online.
D. VR may be employed to facilitate online payment.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17.
A. Most programs feature media and journalism.
B. Students can have practical experience.
C. Students can enroll in these programs easily.
D. These programs are recommended by employers.
18. A. Crazy. B. Desirable. C. Acceptable. D. Changeable.
19.
A. She will meet with famous journalists.
B. She can live a diverse and colorful life.
C. She will learn to cook different types of food.
D. She can get along well with international students.
20.
A. The woman’s plan to study abroad.
B. The part-time job in the media company.
C. The steps in applying for a graduate program.
D. The man’s experience as an international student.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Are you the kind of person who hated school Or are you more like Michael Nicholson, who can’t stop ____21____(learn) He currently has 30 degrees including 22 master’s and a doctorate! If you’re also passionate about studying, you might be a philomath — a person who loves to learn and study. The word comes from Greek____22____ ‘phil’ meaning ‘a lover of’ and ‘math’ meaning ‘learning’.
Humans are all philomaths to an extent — our brain ____23____ (programme) to be curious. ____24____ (make) sense of the world, we are eager to learn and understand. But it is also because of something called neoteny. This is a term that ____25____ (refer) to the adolescent characteristics of some animals, including humans, being maintained into adulthood. One of these traits is neuroplasticity, ____26____function is to make our brain stay flexible and give us the ability to learn throughout our lives. Many creatures which are genetically close to ____27____ (we) can’t do this and only learn during their adolescence.
But for every person who loves learning, there are plenty who can’t stand it. Lots of people remember their school days as being boring or even pointless. Why is this Educational experts have suggested that ____28____ a concept or idea is too complex or dull, it becomes harder to link old and new ideas together. If that’s the case, we lose motivation and absorb less information. As a result, ____29____people are negatively exposed to at school may lead to them avoiding learning opportunities in later life.
So, don’t let a bad educational experience prevent you learning something new as an adult. Evolution has made us lifelong learners, ____30____take advantage of your biology and discover your inner philomath. Who knows what you could achieve
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. based B. genuinely C. irrelevant D. outsized E. persist F. previously G. profile H. reasoning I. shaped J. similar K. subsequent
It happens just about every time I go to a restaurant with my daughter. I open the menu and scan the options. Then I glance at the children’s menu. Oftentimes, the menu is pretty____31____, with the same pasta and tomato sauce. But the items on the children’s menu are usually less expensive, and I’ll think to myself: Wow, good deal.
If I think again for a moment, though, the deal isn’t really a deal. After all, I estimated the cost of the pasta____32____on the adult menu, not on the actual cost of making some bow-tie noodles and serving them with a red sauce.
My faulty____33____is the product of anchoring, a cognitive bias (认知偏差) that can weaken our critical thinking.
According to researchers, anchoring is when people rely on____34____but easily accessible facts to make judgments. Our minds give too much weight to initial impressions or numbers that influence our____35____thoughts. In my case, the prices on the adult menu____36____or anchored my judgment about the value of the items on the children’s menu.
Studies show that anchoring effects____37____no matter how weak the connection between the anchor and the actual decision. One study found that “estimates of an athlete’s performance were influenced by the number on his jersey ( 运 动 衫 ).” In other words, people thought that an athlete with a higher jersey number was better than an athlete with a lower number, all else being equal.
Anchoring affects all kinds of decisions, even those made by experts who should know better. In particular, a recent study shows that anchoring is far more common in the financial world than____38____ believed, with substantial anchoring effects influencing performance in the stock market. A study showed that investors valued firms more highly if the firms had higher stock prices. So, if two companies have the same financial____39____except that Company X has fewer shares at a higher price than Company Y, then Company X’s shares will sell better over the long run than Company Y’s. Why Because the stock price — the anchor — enhances the company’s perceived value.
The phenomenon of anchoring shows that while we think of ourselves as rational and logical beings unrelated details can have a(n) ____40____influence on our reasoning. The best solution is to improve critical thinking skills. Otherwise, you might be a victim of anchoring, dragged down by your bias, whether you notice it or not.
III. Reading Comprehension Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Online Arts
Fancy an evening at the theatre but can’t face sitting there for hours Theatre companies will happily offer live performances online. Want to see a band but____41____by the high ticket prices No worries. Many mainstream bands allow their concerts to be____42____free of charge. Now galleries are getting____43____too, enabling sofa-bound art lovers to wander around the world’s greatest art institutions, all in high resolution(分辨率) and without fear of getting sore feet. But is it really the same as seeing paintings in the flesh I decided to find out.
I head to the Museo Reina Sofia in Madrid, one of my favourite galleries. I enjoy myself racing past sculptures and staring at various portraits in a manner that I would disapprove of were I actually there. There’s a lot to be said for ____44____art this way. Admission is free and there aren’t any queues. ____45____, you won’t have to tolerate the noise of fellow visitors as they loudly broadcast their knowledge of the oil paintings on exhibit.
But it’s no____46____for the real thing. Billions of pixels(像素) ____47____to accurately transmit the scale or colour or atmosphere of a painting or convey the sense of wonder you feel when standing in front of it. And only in a gallery do you have the opportunity to____48____the rest of the world, engage with a work and view it in context. My enduring thought, while I am walking around the Museo Reina Sofia____49____, is how much nicer it would be if I were literally in Madrid.
____50____in almost all its forms is meant to be a shared experience, whether you are sitting in an opera house or wandering around a gallery. It is also a ritual, one that is about so much more than the cultural event itself. Often the pleasure is as much in the____51____as the execution (执行). Remove the preparation part where you imagine how it will be, and you____52____a vital part of the experience.
Lying on the sofa, with computers, phones and remote controls readily____53____, is something I routinely do. But when it comes to art appreciation, even a lazy man like me can recognise the basic____54____to leave the house. Ultimately it’s a bit like watching holidays on TV. Yes, you can cut out the sweat and the aching legs. By staying at home, you can stare at the locals without embarrassment and____55____the finest views. But it’s just not the same if you can’t feel the sun on your face.
41. A. handed down B. taken off C. put off D. locked down
42. A. streamed B. converted C. scanned D. moderated
43. A. prioritized B. stuck C. paid D. involved
44. A. recreating B. viewing C. integrating D. relaying
45. A. Plus B. Instead C. Hence D. However
46. A. boundary B. blame C. substitute D. scheme
47. A. neglect B. guarantee C. proceed D. fail
48. A. shut out B. stock up C. correspond with D. intervene in
49. A. identically B. digitally C. respectively D. ultimately
50. A. Identity B. Travelling C. Art D. Fantasy
51. A. conservation B. exception C. duration D. anticipation
52. A. take away B. engage with C. bring out D. object to
53. A. inevitable B. accessible C. adaptable D. reversible
54. A. assurance B. level C. way D. requirement
55. A. take in B. wait for C. adjust to D. emphasize on
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
During recent years legends have grown up among people who live near the park, legends of life among the treetops.
One story was of a young, handsome man who had been spotted from time to time among the branches. This rumour about a modern Tarzan (人猿泰山) turned out to be true. The young man had been living in the treetops for eight years until discovered by the city authorities.
It is a touching tale. Bob Redman, brought up by his mother in a tiny Manhattan apartment, had always been addicted to trees. When he was 14, he went into the park and built himself a tree house. It was the first of 13 houses, each one more elaborate than the last. “I like to be in trees,” Redman explained to a reporter from the New York Times. “I like to be up, away from everything. I enjoy staying alone.”
Redman went to great pains to hide his tree houses, building them in neglected corners of the park and camouflaging them with branches and green paint. Friends used to come to visit him, sometimes as many as 12 people at a time, bringing sandwiches and radios and books and torches.
The park authorities quickly became aware of his activities. However, the houses were often not detected for long periods of time. Some lasted as long as a whole year before they were found and destroyed by officials, with a mournful Bob Redman watching from a distance. His magnificent final house went unnoticed for four months before Bob was awoken one morning with the words: “Come down! The party’s over!”
Rather than being thrown into jail, Redman was offered a job. He is now a professional gardener and tree climber for the Central Park. However, he has had to promise not to build any more tree houses. He says he cannot believe that a job so perfect for him could possibly exist.
In our busy, competitive world, I suppose it is comforting to know that a man like Bob Redman exists.
56 Which of the following statements about Bob Redman is TRUE
A. He built 14 tree houses altogether. B. He rented his final house to some friends.
C. He was raised amid trees in the countryside. D. He gave an interview to the New York Times.
57. The bold word “camouflaging” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to________.
A. decorating B. hiding C. equipping D. integrating
58. The underlined sentence in paragraph 5 suggests that________.
A. parties should not be held overnight
B. parties are not allowed in the Central Park
C. no more tree houses should exist in the Central Park
D. the owner of the tree house should get down to work
59. Which might be the best title of the passage
A. Tarzan of the Central Park B. Locked Up or Breaking Free
C. A Special Job Hunter in New York D. Tree Houses — the Ultimate Habitat
(B)
________ ________TO TENDER(投标)
Contract for the design of a luxury hotel and conference centre in Rio de Janeiro.
Horizon Hotel & Conference Centre — 5 stars
www.hotelhorizon.br | 320 rooms
Candidates are asked to submit their letter of intention before 24 June, 2023.
Horizon Hotels and Conference Centres (HHCC) invites several architectural firms to present a plan for designing a Hotel and Conference Centre in Rio de Janeiro.
HHCC is an international chain of high-class hotels and conference centres. It is famous for providing luxury accommodation and outstanding service. We intend the hotel to be used for conferences and congresses by groups from all over the world.
Selected architectural firms are asked to submit a plan for the ground floor of the building, which will be L-shaped. Details of the project are as follows.
The hotel will have seven floors:
Basement — equipment and storage
Ground floor — facilities to be decided
First floor — a large conference room, three meeting rooms and a seminar room
Second floor — office accommodation
Third-fifth floors — bedrooms
Sixth floor — a large restaurant, available for guests and the general public
The contract to design the hotel and conference centre will be awarded to the architectural firm which produces the best plan for the ground floor.
60. Which word best fits the question mark “ ” in the passage
A. INVITATION B. APPROACH
C. CONTRACT D. SUBMISSION
61. According to the passage, the hotel to be built will be mainly intended for________.
A. holiday makers B. conference attendees
C. architectural firms D. construction workers
62. HHCC’s final decision will be based on the best design of________.
A. the basement B. the first floor
C. the ground floor D. the whole building
(C)
Trust me — I am expedition doctor
Ever since I was a young child, I’ve had a taste for adventure, but I never imagined I’d be able to satisfy this passion at regular intervals because of my chosen career.
My work as an expedition (探险队) doctor has taken me all over the world. However, my favourite trips, and the ones in which I now specialise, are those involving mountains. Never do I feel more inspired by nature than when I look up at their towering peaks and begin to prepare myself mentally for the challenges ahead.
I trained as a doctor in the UK, but there was little in that training to prepare me for binding up a broken leg during a storm on the side of a mountain! In fact, I’d say that medical skills come some way down the list of job requirements, after endurance, flexibility, problem-solving and communication.
This kind of medicine is a million miles away from the controlled, germ-free environment of a hospital, and your medical kit basically consists of whatever you can carry, so you sometimes have to be prepared to improvise (即兴做). For example, I’ve learned that some drugs can be used for several conditions, and I’ve even had to resort to cutting branches off a small tree to make a stick to support a broken arm.
That isn’t to say that you can’t train to be an expedition doctor; on the contrary, there are some excellent courses available. Not only do they teach medical techniques, but also practical skills such as carrying out risk assessments, crossing rivers safely and using satellite phones. The first course I did included a session on expedition dentistry, though I must admit I still don’t like the idea of pulling out someone’s tooth!
I do most of my work for adventure holiday companies, travelling to remote places. When I started out, these holidays were quite rare, but they have become much more mainstream now that we’ve all seen celebrities climbing Kilimanjaro or watched reality shows about people surviving in jungles.
I do have mixed feelings about all these people with large amounts of disposable income coming to poor areas just for their own enjoyment, so I try to make sure that the companies I work for have high ethical standards and benefit the local communities. And of course, tourism provides employment, and also opens the eyes of rich visitors to the hardship that many people are forced to endure.
I realise that this kind of life isn’t for everyone, but I’d recommend that all doctors try it at least once, if only to make them appreciate the comforts of their usual working environment!
63. The author feels that he has been________.
A. obliged to choose his career B. lucky with his job
C. obsessed with his adventure D. inspired by his patients
64. According to the passage, what can be learned about medical skills for an expedition doctor
A. They are less important than practical skills.
B. They are strictly required as the most important.
C. They are adequately attained in medical schools.
D. They are an underlying part of practical skills.
65. Why do expedition doctors sometimes have to use unusual techniques
A. They keep their equipment in a backpack.
B Things can happen that they don’t expect.
C. They don’t have the resources of a hospital.
D. They are required by the patients on the trip.
66. The author works for ethical companies because________.
A. they organise expeditions in the remote areas he enjoys visiting
B. they appreciate the comforts of the unusual working environments
C. he wants to make sure that his clients are safe at all times during the expedition
D. he feels uncomfortable about the difference between rich tourists and poor local people
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Eating meat is not a crime against the planet — if it’s done right
I have huge admiration for George Monbiot, a well-known columnist. His work has highlighted the urgent need to reduce our CO2 emissions and switch to greener energy. He has also shown intensive farming’s role in the dramatic levels of species decline and biodiversity loss. Much of what he writes is in line with my stand. ____67____
It is undeniable that the farming revolution of the 1950s has started a war on nature. These intensive ways of producing food are not only polluting our land and waterways, but are heating up our planet and contributing to a crisis in human health. We need to change the way we eat and produce food, and fast.
____68____But in a recent article, he wrote that organic, pasture-fed beef and lamb are the “world’s most damaging farm products.” He criticises “chefs and foodies” like me for focusing on regenerative grazing — farming that aims to repair, rebuild, revitalize and restore ecosystem function. His alternative vision includes a revolution in creating food in labs from microbes and water.
Although not opposed to the idea of lab-grown food, I am much more for small-scale community-driven farming.
____69____Methods that regenerative farmers propose have shown how non-intensive livestock, when managed well, can increase topsoil more than previously thought, which can then build up biomass (carbon) and keep precious rainwater. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN, small-scale farmers currently produce about a third of our food.
____70____These inventions in new food technology are heavily patented, pushing the future of our food supply further into the hands of an increasingly small and powerful collection of multinational food players. In our race to look for better systems of food production. We cannot afford to ignore the risks.
A. Thus far Monbiot and I agree.
B. Monbiot’s enthusiasm for creating food in labs worries me.
C. That is because I believe in the potential of food to be a force for good.
D. Regenerative farming has produced untested food through small-scale farms.
E. The health impact of processed foods gets very little attention from the government.
F. However, regarding the solutions needed to change our farming and food systems, we have different views.
IV. Summary Writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The problem of electronic waste
We have gradually come to realise that in two ways in particular, modern hi-tech can be bad for the planet. The first is its energy use; the worldwide scale of information technology is so enormous that electronics now produce fully two percent of global carbon emissions, which is about the same as the highly controversial emissions of aeroplanes. The other is the hardware, when it comes to the end of its natural life. This, increasingly, is pretty short. We have hardly noticed this important stream of waste, so much so that a Greenpeace report on the untraced and unreported e-waste two years ago referred to it as “the hidden flow”. We need to be aware of it.
The latest United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) report estimates that worldwide, electronic waste is mounting by about 40 million tons a year. So what can we do about it
The European Union has recognised the problem by adopting a key principle: producer responsibility. In other words making it the duty of manufacturers of electronic goods to ensure their safe disposal at the end of their lives. In practice, an EU regulation now means that electronics dealers must either take back the equipment they sold you, or help to finance a network of drop-off points, such as public recycling sites. Its main feature is quite ambitious: it aims to deal with “everything with a plug”.
The new UN report suggests that all countries could do something about the problem with a change in design. Groups such as Greenpeace have led the way in putting pressure on major manufacturing companies to find substitutes for the toxic chemicals inside their products. Encouragingly, they have had some success in forcing them to develop non-poisonous alternatives to these. This may be the real way forward.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 骑行的流行体现了公众对健康生活方式的追求。(pursue)(汉译英)
73. 一旦全社会重视激发想象力，促进创新的文化便会形成。(once) (汉译英)
74. 这对双胞胎兄弟是何时开始崭露头角，并一跃成为匈牙利当代文学的领军人物？(emerge) (汉译英)
75. 设计师耗时五年才设计出来这款咖啡杯，备受年轻人追捧，其特色是瓷器与流行文化的完美结合。(which) (汉译英)
VI. Guided Writing
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李华，目前担任学校社团负责人。近期，你校被评为社团明星学校，为了在报纸上分享你校社团情况，请你以“Clubs in My School”为题，写一篇文章，内容须包含：
1. 对你校社团进行分类；
2. 具体描述每一类社团的特色。
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