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(共23张PPT)
Unit 3 The Internet
Section B Discovering Useful Structures
Teaching objectives
1.Analyze the forms and features of the present perfect passive voice.
2.Find out the differences in meaning and function between the active and passive forms.
3.Master the functions of the present perfect passive voice in the context and use it in real situations.
Leading in
Active __________________
Passive _________________
The form of the present perfect passive voice
Verb form
have/has +v-ed
have/has been +v-ed
Talk about something that has been done
现在完成时的被动语态
Read the pairs of sentences. Underline and compare the different verb forms.
Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet.
Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
The Internet has greatly improved Jan’s life.
People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
Task 1:
How do we form the present perfect passive voice Fill in the blank.
Verb form
Active have/has + v-ed
Passive
have/has been + v-ed
Read and compare
The students have cleaned the classroom.
The classroom has been cleaned. You needn’t clean it now.
现在完成时
active
passive
表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果，主语是动作的承受者。
现在完成时的被动语态
have /has + v-ed
have / has + been + v-ed
现在完成时
被动语态
have/has been done
现在完成时的被动语态
be done
have/has been
How do we form the present perfect passive voice
现在完成时的被动语态
Part.2
While-class
Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice.
They’ve built a kind of new PC with more functions.
A kind of new PC has been built with more functions.
n. 功能；作用
vi. 起作用；运转
主动语态变被动语态的原则
“三变”
原句主语 by的宾语
宾语 主语
谓语由主动 被动
The letter (post) already.
has been posted
Many houses (build) for the poor so far.
have been built
用法1:被动动作发生在过去,已经完成, 对现在造成影响或产
生结果。(already, yet, so far, by now, until now)
现在完成时的被动语态的用法
一、现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式
肯定式 主语＋have/has been done...
否定式 主语＋have/has not been done...
一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？
Has his bike been repaired
他的自行车修好了吗？
How many residents have been invited to the conference？
有多少居民受到了参会邀请？
Key points:请认准以下常与现在完成时连用的时间状语
1.已经 （常用在肯定句） _______________
2.已经 （疑问、否定句）________________
3.最近 ______________________________
4.从那时起 __________________________
5.自那以来___________________________
6.曾经 ______________________________
7.迄今为止___________________________
8.到现在为止_________________________
9.很长一段时间_______________________
10.在最近几年里______________________
11.在过去的几年里____________________
12.在过去的三十年里__________________
already
recently/lately
since then
yet
ever since
ever 常用 “have ever”
so far；up to now
by now
for a long (period of) time
in recent years
in/during/over the past years
in/during/over the three decades
Tip①
由borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join, die等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态,不能与表示段时间的状语，如for four days, how long等连用，而要改换动词或者是时态。
判断正误:
* He has died for 3 years.
（ ）
* He died 3 years ago.
（ ）
V
X
Tip②
短语动词不能分割，而且不能省略短语动词中的介词或副词。
判断正误:
*The patient has been taken good care.
（ ）
*The patient has been taken good care
of. （ ）
V
X
注意事项
1.不及物动词和不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，如：rise , happen, take place, break out, come about, survive, remaind, last, die, disappear, end, fail, belong to, consist of...
Eg：Great changes have taken place in my hometown recently.
Eg: After the traffic accident, no one survived except
a person who was badly injured.
注意事项
2.一般说来，只有及物动词才有被动语态，但许多“不及物动词+副词或介词”构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，也可以有被动语态，但变被动语态后，不可把介词或副词漏掉, eg : laugh at, operate on , listen to , look after, take care of, think of , talk about , hand in, catch sight of, make use of, pay attention to, turn on…
Eg.: My sister will be taken care of by grandma.
The patient is being operated on now.
练： He turned on the radio just now.
The radio was turned on by him just now.
现在完成时被动语态的解题步骤
1.找时：找与现在完成相对应的时间状语；
2.圈主：主语与动词构成被动关系；
3.定谓：确定谓动形式：have/ has (not) been done。
Exercises
1. First as a PC and then as a laptop, I_________________(use) in offices and homes since the 1970s.
2. Over time my memory ________________ (develop) so much that I never forget anything I ________________(told).
3. Since the 1970s many new applications _________________ (find)for me.
4. I have also ___________(put) into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as________ (help) with medical operations.
has developed
have been told
have been used
have been found
been put
help
5.They have interviewed several applicants for the job.
6.They have carried out several experiments to test the performance of the new car.
7.They haven't given any permission to enter the lab since it was closed.
Several experiments have been carried out to test the performance of the new car.
Not any permission has been given to them to enter the lab since it was closed.
Several applicants for the job have been interviewed.
After-class
What are the differences in meaning and function between the active and passive forms
The object in an active sentence becomes the subject in a passive sentence. Both sentence types convey a similar meaning, but they are slightly different.
Active sentences are used often, as they are more direct. Passive sentences are often used when the doer of an action is unknown, not important, or preferred not named.
Have a try
(Book p. 30 (2))
Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice.
Example
They have built a kind of new PC with more functions.
→A kind of new PC has been built with more functions.
1. I have downloaded the software to help my phone battery last longer.
2. Someone has lost an identity card.
3. Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password
4. Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file
5. Has anyone made a comment about the online database
1. I have downloaded the software to help my phone battery last longer.
2. Someone has lost an identity card.
3. Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password
4. Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file
5. Has anyone made a comment about the online database
The software has been downloaded to help my phone battery last longer.
An identity card has been lost.
Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed
Has the button been pressed yet to copy the file
Has a/any comment been made about the online database
1. Review grammar.
2.Read the text on page 28 again and underline all sentences of the present perfect and present perfect passive voice.

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