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英语语法小专题
as if 的妙用
一、as if 为什么吸睛？
1. as if 最可以体现“比喻”修辞。男孩看到面前如此多的人，非常紧张。
When seeing so many people in front of him, the boy’s heart was like in his throat, and he looked as if the strings of a bow.
男孩看到面前如此多的人，心提到嗓子眼儿上来，浑身紧张得就像拉满了弓的弦一样。
一、as if 为什么吸睛？
2. as if 除了可以应用于“比喻”之外，它还可以表达一种“可能性”。
as if 就是“好像”，“仿佛”，而这个“语义”具备相当的“可迁移性”。
as if 的用法
1. 省略用法。 句型是：句子 + as if + （可省略部分）+ n / adj / prep / doing / done/ to do
“可省略部分”主要是“主语 + 系动词”。该处的“主语”其实与句子的主语的“同一”的。
as if 的用法
（1）He acts as if (he was) a fool.
他表现的像个傻子 。
（2）The girl left the room hurriedly as if (she was) angry.
这个女孩快速离开房间好像生气了。
（3）At this good news, he felt his heart beat (as if) in thunder.
听到这个好消息，他感觉心跳得像打雷。
as if 的用法
（4）Fragrant breeze gently stroked my head, as if (it was) comforting all of my tiredness.
芬芳的微风轻轻拂过我的头，仿佛在抚慰我所有的疲倦。
（5）A cluster of sunshine cast over the road as if (it was) extending its encouragement and blessing to them.
一簇阳光洒在路上，仿佛在给他们鼓励和祝福。
as if 的用法
（6）He stood as if (he was) rooted to the ground.
他站在那里，仿佛生根于地下。（好像脚底生了根。）
（7）He opened his lips as if (he was) to make some reply.
他张开嘴好像要回应什么。
小试牛刀
（1）他四下观望好像在找什么东西。
He looked about as if __________________________.
（2）她站在门口好像在等谁。
She stood at the door as if___________________________.
(he was) in search of something
(she was) waiting for someone
小试牛刀
（3）他停下来，好像期待着大卫停止说话。
He paused as if _________________________________.
（4）他站在那里有一会儿了，仿佛凝固了。（惊呆了）
She stood there for a while as if ___________________.
(he was) expecting David to speak
(she was) frozen
小试牛刀
（5）树叶在微风中摇曳，仿佛在迎接我们。
The leaves were waving in the breeze as if ______________________________________.
（6）他静静地躺了好一会儿，像死了一样。
He lay still for a long while, as if ________________.
（they were）to welcome/praise us
(he was) dead
2. 非省略用法。句型是：X + as if + Y
注意：X与Y 都是“完句”，它们的主语是不一样的。
如果它们主语同一的话，Y中的动词不是系动词(be)。
2. 非省略用法。句型是：X + as if + Y
（1）I felt hot on my face as if there were a million ants crawling around inside of me.
我感到脸上发热，就好像有上百只蚂蚁在我身体里爬来爬去。
（2）He ran as if ghosts were chasing him. 他跑起来好像有鬼在追他一样。
2. 非省略用法。句型是：X + as if + Y
（3）He spoke so casually as if the matter was of little consequence.
他说的很随便，好像这事儿无足轻重似的。
（4）The injured man acted as if nothing had happened to him.
这位受伤的男子表现得好像没发生什么事一样。
【注意】Y中的时态，
与X相比，两种情况：同步与提前（Y较X提前）。
1. 如果是“同步”，则传达的意义是真实的（或接近真实的）。当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，as if 从句用陈述语气。
He talks as if he is drunk. 看他说话的样子像是喝醉了。（说话人觉得他是真得醉了）
【注意】Y中的时态，
2. 如果是“Y较X提前”，则传达的意义是：Y是不真实的，也就是虚拟的。
当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况。
He talks as if he were drunk. 他说起话来像是喝醉了一样。（说话人没觉得他喝醉了）
虚拟语气中，as if 从句的时态
（1）如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。动词是be时，一般用were.
You look as if you didn't care．
He talks as if he knew where she was．
虚拟语气中，as if 从句的时态
（2）从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。
He talked about Rome as if he had been there before．
虚拟语气中，as if 从句的时态
（3）从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would／could／might＋动词原形”。
He opened his mouth as if he would say something．
It looks as if it might snow．
牛刀小试（2）
(1) I can’t stand him. He always talks as if he
____________(know) everything.
(2) When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____________(be) broken.
knew
were
牛刀小试（2）
(3) The two strangers talked as if they __________ (be) friends for years.
(4) He looked as if he _________(be) ill for a long time.
had been
had been
牛刀小试（2）
(5) He looked happy as if he ______________(persuade) her to change her mind.
(6) Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they____________ (be) spaghetti.
had persuaded
were

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