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教学教材：外研版高中英语新教材必修一
教学内容：Unit 2 Exploring English
Exploring English理解英语语言现象阐释交际问题探索英语学习方法Starting out第1课时Understanding ideas第2课时Using Language第3课时Listening & speaking第4课时Developing ideas第5课时Presenting ideas& reflection第7课时单元大观念:学习英语语言现象，思考语言与文化、社会的关系，反思自己学习过程中遇到的问题，并最终创造性地提出英语学习的新方法。Writing第6课时Unit 2 Exploring English
课时3
Using Language
Interesting & creative, but also confusing.
Common rules
Word Formation!
Review: word formation
1. Look at the sentences and expressions from the reading passage. Match the words in bold to the types of word formation.
a Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.
b … sculpt a sculpture…
c When we… see rain…, we can say “it’s raining”…
d WHO
1 abbreviating
2 changing the part of speech
3 adding a prefix or suffix
4 combining two or more words
b
d
c
a
Review: word formation
Can you find more examples of each type in the reading passage
1 abbreviating: IT, US
2 changing the part of speech: When we… see… snow, we can say… “it’s snowing”.
3 adding a prefix or suffix: paint-painting, hard-hardly, soft-softly,
Harm-harmless/harmful, shame-shameless/shameful, visible-invisible
4 combining two or more words: hamburger, eggplant, seasick, airsick, carsick, homesick, homework, housework
Review: word formation
英语中的构词法主要有缩略法（abbreviation）, 转化法（changing part of speech）, 派生法（adding a prefix or suffix ） 合成法 （combining two or more words ）
Word formation 构词法: 是单词构成的基本规律，按照一定的语言规律创造新词的方法叫做构词法。
Review: word formation
合成法 Combining two or more words
定义：把两个或者两个以上的独立且语义不同的单词合成一个新词，构词方式较为灵活。合成词的词义通常可以由组成它的单词的词义推测出来。
a 合成名词 sun + shine = sunshine, week + day = weekday
b 合成动词 under + estimate = underestimate, over + come = overcome
c 合成形容词 heart + felt = heartfelt, life + long = lifelong
d 其他合成词 every + body = everybody
Review: word formation
派生法：Adding a prefix or suffix
prefix suffix
negative noun
adj
other adv
verb
Review: word formation
Prefix：un-, in/im/il/ir-, dis-, mis-
Review: word formation
Suffix - noun
1. 表示人和物的名词后缀
teacher, actor, engineer, actress, musician, scientist
2. 抽象名词和集体名词后缀
marriage, failure, creativity, employment, education, bilingualism,
honesty, survival, cleverness, friendship, neibourhood, importance,
truth, kingdom
-er, -or, -eer, -ess, -ician, -ist
-age, -ure, -ity, -ment, -ion, -ism, -y, -al, -ness, -ship, -hood,
-ance, -th, -dom
Review: word formation
Suffix - adj
3.形容词后缀
lovable, personal, important, independent, historic, physical, childish, active, careful, homeless, dangerous, sunny, interested, wooden, southern, silly
-able, -al, -ant, -ent, -ic, -ical, -ish, -ive, -ful, -less, -ous, -y, -ed
-en, -ern -ly
Review: word formation
Suffix – adv/verb
4.副词后缀
happily, backward(s)
5.动词后缀
decorate, strengthen, beautify, finish, apologize
-ly, -ward, -wards
-ate, -en, -fy, -ish, -ize
注意：
ly为后缀可以是形容词也可以是副词 ！
Review: word formation
转化法：Changing part of speech
英语中的一个词由一种词类转到另一种或者几种词类而不发生词形变化。
转化方式：
noun - verb
verb – noun
adj - noun
adj - verb
Review: word formation
转化法 noun – verb
Eye：n. 眼睛 – v. 注视
Arm：n. 手臂 – v. 武装，装备
Face: n. 脸 – v. 面对
Head: n. 头 – v. 朝…方向去
Hand: n. 手 – v. 交出，传递
Nose: n. 鼻子 – v. 闻出，察觉
When the hero came in, all people
eyed him.
Review: word formation
其他转化法 noun – verb
verb – noun
Walk v. 走路 – n. 散步
Build v. 建造 – n. 体型
eg. Let’s go for a walk.
Review: word formation
其他转化法 adj – noun
Dear adj. 亲爱的 – n. 亲爱的人
Total adj. 全部的 – n. 总数
Quiet adj. 安静的 – n. 安静
Pink adj. 粉色的 – n. 粉色
eg. All students have donated to this charitable activity, and the total is RMB 2,000.
Review: word formation
其他转化法 adj – verb
dirty adj. 肮脏的 – v. 弄脏
further adj. 更深的 – v. 进一步
free adj. 自由的– v. 释放
dry adj. 干的 – v. 变干
eg. I’d like to dry my hair after washing it.
Review: word formation
转化法：
More examples:
Last Saturday, I was present at Jack’s birthday party. When I presented him with the present, he was very happy.
present: [ preznt] adj. （人）在场的，出席的；
present: [pri zent] verb. 赠送、给予
present: [ preznt] noun. 礼物
Review: word formation
转化法：
More examples:
She gave me a bottle of water and told me that I should water the plants twice a week.
water: noun. 水
water: verb. 浇水
Review: word formation
转化法：
More examples:
Tom is a brave man, who always braves the difficulties in life.
Brave: adj. 勇敢的
Brave: verb. 勇敢地面对
Review: word formation
Abbreviating: 缩写
缩写：用单词或者短语的部分指代整体
首字母缩写
Most Valuable Player – MVP
World Trade Organization – WTO
Over the Counter – OTC
单词截短
Refrigerator= refrige
Air conditioning = ac
Review: word formation
2. Complete the passage the help of word formation
1 penfriend
2 well-known
3 incorrect
4 unhappy
5 improvement
Review: word formation
2. Complete the passage the help of word formation
6 calm
7 presenting
8 WTO
9 ASAP
Review: word formation
Look at the pictures and get to know the American English words and their British equivalents.
gas/petrol
American & British English
Now complete the passage with the words
Check your answers
theatre
gas
motorway
theater
elevator
lift
highway
petrol
subway
underground
apartment
flat
American & British English
colour-color
theatre-theater
travelled-traveled
film-movie
football-soccer
autumn-fall
Vocabulary
Spelling
American & British English
More differences Let’s watch a video.
American & British English
Vocabulary
Spelling
Pronunciation
Pronunciation
t sound better
r sound work
AmE BrE
schedule [ sked u l] [ edju l]
Adult [ d lt] [ d lt]
American & British English
British English and American English are different, though the same language.
Why is it so
American & British English
British VS. American English
History:
American spelling was invented as a form of protest;
Noah Webster
American Dictionary of the English Language
British VS. American English
2. Influence of other countries:
French influence on British English
BrE French AmE
Theatre theatre theater
Licence licence license
Colour couleur color
British VS. American English
3. Culture:
Britain: more conservative
America: More flexible
1. Find more examples of word formation, with each type 10 examples.
2. Design a poster to illustrate the differences between American English and British English
Homework
Thank you!

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