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定西市普通高中高三年级教学质量检测考试·英语
参考答案、提示及评分细则
l.B细节理解题。根据第一个科技项目中的“.·.and learn about the relationships between domestic animals
and humans”可得答案。
2.D推理判断题。根据第二个项目中的“.learning about non-traditional medical therapies,measuring
electrical communication signals in living fish,talking with a top cancer researcher.."可得答案。
3.C细节理解题。根据最后一个科技项目给出的费用可得答案。
4.A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“my mother's voice on the phone sounded so upset that I had to tell her,
‘Just be with yourself for a little while.Be calm and everything can be better'”可得答案。
5.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I had given in..the remote control again'”可得答案。
6.C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I have a choice which ones to study and which ones to turn over in my
hands and dust off(抹去)”可得答案。
7.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I choose to remember how she looked on my wedding day when she
handed me a bracelet(手镯)that had belonged to my grandmother"可得答案。
8.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The research comes as western parts of the United States are currently
experiencing drought conditions after several years of intense wildfire activity”可得答案。
9.A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Because of their small droplet sizes,these smoky clouds are expected to
reflect more light and produce less rain than clouds in clean air'"可得答案。
lO.A推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It is that size difference,the researchers say,that could reduce the
amount of rainfall.This is because small droplets are less likely to grow and eventually fall to the ground as
rain”可得答案。
Il.B主旨大意题。根据全文，如倒数第二段中的“The findings could mean that active wildfire seasons in the
western U.S.may in fact lead to less rain and more drought'”可得答案。
l2.B推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Mayor Eric Adams'administration warned that 10to15 busloads of
migrants were expected to arrive this week due to the lifting of Title 42,a Trump-era public health rule
passed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic”以及第二段可知答案。
l3.D细节理解题。根据第四段“Seeking to draw the Biden administration's attention to the growing
immigrant crisis,Republican governors of border states such as Texas and Arizona have been shipping
migrants to Democratic-controlled cities such as New York City,Philadelphia and Washington,DC"
答案。
l4.D词义猜测题。根据该词后的“aid”结合该段中的“Our shelter system is full,and we are nearly out of
money,staff,and space'”可知该词是“请求，恳求”的意思。
l5.B标题判断题。根据全文，如第五段中的“New York has received more than31,O00 migrants and has
opened60 emergency shelters,mostly in hotels,as well as six other centers'”以及最后一段可得答案.
16~20 GDFAE
21.D这是一个关于9岁女孩莉赛尔·梅明格和她1939年在纳粹德国所经历(experience)的故事。
22.B她的母亲失踪了(disappears)并再也没有回来，她的弟弟死了。
23.A在路上，她偶然发现了(comes across)一本名为《掘墓人手册》的书。
24.C帮助莉赛尔读书的是她心地善良的(kind-hearted)养父汉斯。
25.A她偷来的14本书给了她无尽的(endless)安慰
26.D她设法在战争中幸存(survive)下来。
27.B她乐意(readily)帮助她身边同样在受苦(suffering)的人。
【高三教学质量检测考试·英语参考答案第1页（共2页）】定西市普通高中高三下学期教学质量检测
英语试题
考生注意：
1．本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚
3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答
4．本卷命题范围：高考范围。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Four Pre-College Summer Science Programs
Sustainable Animal Husbandry（畜牧业）
This 3-week program is worth attending! In addition to some lectures discussions, students will also tour a variety of animal farms, practice animal techniques, and learn about the relationships between domestic animals and humans.
Where: Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
How Much:$6,310 including tuition and room &.board
Biological Research and the Health Professions
You will spend six weeks exploring different aspects of life as a researcher or d this program. Activities include dissecting（解剖）a chicken with a world-famous zo learning about non-traditional medical therapies, measuring electrical communication in living fish, talking with atop cancer researcher, and much, much more.
Where: Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
How Much:$ 12,825 including tuition and room &board
Clark Scholars Program
The seven-week summer research program offers students an opportunity for ha practical research with leading researchers and members of Texas Tech University. unique opportunity, which includes weekly discussions and field trips, also pays stud ＄750 tax-free stipend（生活津贴）and provides room and board．
Where: Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
How Much: Students receive a $750 tax-free stipend
Program in Mathematics for Young Scientists
Mathematics is an important part of science, and this 6-week program is the perfect summer program for ambitious and motivated students to improve their math skills. They’ll team up with other students, research mathematicians, and professors, and visit scientists for a typical day of number theory（数论）lectures，seminars，independent and group work and research, hands-on experiments, and plenty of fun activities.
Where: Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
How Much:$6,600 including tuition and room &board
1.What can we learn about the program-Sustainable Animal Husbandry
A.You can learn about non-traditional medical therapies.
B.You can have a better understanding of domestic animals.
C.It takes place in Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.
D.You can visit scientists for a typical day of number theory lectures.
2.Which program best suits a student who shows interest in medicine
A.Clark Scholars Program.
B.Sustainable Animal Husbandry.
C.Program in Mathematics for Young Scientists.
D.Biological Research and the Health Profession5.
3.How much should you pay if you intend to take part in the program in mathematics
A.$750.
B.$6,310.
C.$6,600.
D.$12,825.
B
My grandfather was a rigid（刻板的）perfectionist. Everything had to be orderly，precise and punctual. I was frightened of him until the day he died. Growing up, my mother desperately wanted to please him. She probably thought he might leave if she didn't.
In fact, I now think the fear of being left alone, abandoned, was a current throughout much of her life. A few years into my father suffering from Alzheimer's, my mother's voice on the phone sounded so upset that I had to tell her," Just be with yourself for a little while. Be calm and everything can be better.”
“No, I can't do that. I don't want to do that, “she said suddenly, closing the door on the subject. A while after my father died, she told me that she kept the television on all the time because it made her feel less lonely. “It makes the house seem to have more people living in it," she said. I had given in to my annoyance and either turned the volume down or turned it off. But after she told me that it filled in some of the loneliness, I never reached for the remote control again.
We have had a long journey together, she and I. Over a half-century of memories, now that the journey has ended, I have a choice which ones to study and which ones to turn over in my hands and dust off（抹去）.
I choose to look at the ones that ache with a sweet truth not told often enough. There was love between us. It was just hard to find sometimes. I choose to remember her face on that winter day in Manhattan, when I came to her with a broken heart. I choose to remember walking on the shore with her in summers when we rented a beach house. Somehow the sea always changed us. I choose to remember how she looked on my wedding day when she handed me a bracelet（手镯）that had belonged to my grandmother. “Something old,” she said.
4.What can we infer from the author's words said to her mother in paragraph 2
A.The author comforted her.
B.The author praised her.
C.The author apologized to her.
D.The author blamed her.
5.Why did the author never reach for the remote control again
A.She would not turn the TV set on.
B.The remote control had broken down.
C.The remote control was hidden by her mother.
D.She would not turn the TV set off or turn it down.
6.How does the author deal with her half-century of memories of her mother
A.Ignore most of them.
B.Keep all of them in mind.
C.Forget some and analyze others.
D.Write things from her memories often.
7.What did the author's mother do for her marriage
A.She took her to see her grandmother.
B.She arranged a tour in Manhattan.
C.She offered her a present.
D.She rented a beach house.
C
A new study suggests that smoke from wildfires can change how clouds store water and could lead to less rainfall. The research comes as western parts of the United States are currently experiencing drought conditions after several years of intense wildfire activity.
Clouds contain a collection of water droplets（微滴）that form from vapor in the atmosphere，When these droplets condense（凝结）onto each other within a cloud，they become heavier and eventually fall as rain. But the water condensation process requires a solid substance for the vapor to attach to. Different kinds of particles rising up from the Earth's surface can reach clouds and make this process possible.
The new study found that smoke from wildfires contains small particles that affect the way droplets form in clouds. The main effect was the number of water droplets formed. The team reported that smoky clouds contained about five times the number of droplets as non-smoky clouds. But data also showed that the droplets in smoky clouds were much smaller, about half the size of those in the clouds without wildfire smoke.
It is that size difference, the researchers say, that could reduce the amount of rainfall. This is because small droplets are less likely to grow and eventually fall to the ground as rain. “Because of their small droplet sizes, these smoky clouds are expected to reflect more light and produce less rain than clouds in clean air,” the study states.
The findings could mean that active wildfire seasons in the western U. S. may in fact lead to less rain and more drought, the researchers said. “We were surprised at how effective these primarily organic particles were at forming cloud droplets and what large impacts they had on the microphysics（微观物理）of the clouds，＂ said Cynthia Twohy，leader of the new study.
Twohy also noted that different kinds of clouds behave differently. The current study examined changes in small cumulus clouds. Other kinds that sit much higher in the atmosphere can cause heavy storms, she said. Twohy added, “I am hoping these results will lead to detailed regional modeling studies that will help us understand the actual impact of smoke on clouds and climate.”
8.Why did the researchers conduct the study
A.They aren't sure how water droplets form from vapor.
B.There is a great climate change in America.
C.The US has serious drought after wildfires.
D.They wonder how smoky clouds appear.
9.What is a characteristic of smoky clouds
A.They tend to reflect more light.
B.They often have lower temperatures than others.
C.They contain more droplets which are larger in size.
D.They have fewer particles for the vapor to attach to.
10.What could smoky clouds lead to according to the text
A.Less rainfall.
C.Fewer windy days.
B.Much cooler weather.
D.More storms.
11.What is the main idea of the text
A.There are many reasons for the US drought.
B.Wildfire smoke can make clouds produce less rain.
C.Organic particles play an important role in forming clouds.
D.Humans have to face the serious consequences of wildfires.
D
Shortly after 6 am on Monday, buses carrying 200 immigrants rolled into Midtown Manhattan from Texas, Most of them, including young children, wore lightweight sweaters or blankets to keep out the cold. Mayor Eric Adams' administration warned that 10 to 15 busloads of migrants were expected to arrive this week due to the lifting of Title 42,a Trump-era public health rule passed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts on Monday temporarily blocked the Biden administration from ending the pandemic-era Title 42 immigration policy, leaving in doubt whether officials will continue to drive off migrants over concerns about public health risks. Title 42 is set to expire（期满）on Wednesday．
"We have been told in no uncertain terms that, beginning today, we should expect an influx（流入）of buses coming from the border and that more than 1,000 additional asylum（政治避难）seekers will arrive in New York City every week，＂ Adams said in a statement released on Sunday. “We need help from Washington.”
Seeking to draw the Biden administration's attention to the growing immigrant crisis, Republican governors of border states such as Texas and Arizona have been shipping migrants to Democratic-controlled cities such as New York City, Philadelphia and Washington, DC.
New York has received more than 31,000 migrants and has opened 60 emergency shelters，mostly in hotels，as well as six other centers. New York City＇s school chancellor（校监）said in October that the school system has enrolled more than 5,500 new migrant students, most of whom came from Latin America.
Adams, who declared a state of emergency over the migrant influx in October, said in a statement on Sunday that if nothing changes and the policy expires, the cost of absorbing new migrants was unsustainable and could lead to cuts to existing city programs.
"Our shelter system is full, and we are nearly out of money, staff, and space. To be honest, if corrective measures are not taken soon, we may very well be forced to cut programs New Yorkers rely on, “he said. Adams accused the federal government of ignoring the city's pleas for aid and accused Republicans and Democrats in Congress of failing to "raise their hand" to help.
12.Why are so many migrants supposed to arrive in New York City
A.New York City faces a major labor shortage.
B.The immigration policy is to be no longer valid.
C.Washington has announced a new immigration rule.
D.New York City provides them with better living conditions.
13.Which might be a Republican-controlled place
A.Washington,DC.
B.Philadelphia.
C.New York City.
D.Texas.
14.What does the underlined phrase "pleas for" in the last paragraph mean
A.Supplies of.
B.Benefits of.
C.Rewards for.
D.Demands for.
15.What is the most suitable title for the news report
A.New York opens 60 emergency shelters
B.New York City hit by new immigrant flow
C.New York City needs help from Washington
D.New York City's school system enrolls many migrant students
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There is much debate nowadays as to what makes up a healthy diet.16 However, there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, but it is so much sugar. Heart disease is the number one killer of Americans. And in America, people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day(Journal of the American Medical Association,2021).This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be. Put it more simply, while people continue to argue over whether or not fatty food is dangerous, we already know that sugar is a killer.
17 The average American gets 1/3 of his or her sugar through sweet drinks alone. The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 100-150 calories a day from sugar, which is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in a single candy bar. 18 You have to stop having sweet drinks altogether.
Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different categories of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, which are full of vitamins and fibre, rather than processed foods. 19They have higher quantities of sugar，salt，and fat than fresh ingredients（原料）. Besides this, it is also important to have some meat, beans, or dairy products in your diet, as they provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth. As with everything in life，moderation（适度）is key. The ideal diet is a balanced one，without too much or too little of any one thing.
Finally, a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly. It takes about twenty minutes from the time when you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full. What this means is that people who chew too quickly end up eating too much food because they still feel hungry.20 It will also allow you to enjoy your food more.
A.Processed foods often contain less nutrition.
B.Don't let food become the centre of your life.
C.Eating a large amount of food each time is not necessary.
D.Much of this extra sugar comes from sweets and sweet drinks.
E.Eating slowly also allows your body to digest your food better.
F.In other words, if you want to be healthy, you have to cut down on desserts.
G.For example, scientists have insisted for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last term, I read the book The Book Thief. It is a story about a 9-year-old girl named Liesel Meminger and her 21 in Nazi Germany in 1939.In this book, Liesel’s father is taken away by the Nazis. Her mother 22 and never returns and her brother dies. Then she is sent to a foster family（寄养家庭） in a poor area of Munich． On the way，she 23 a book named The Grave Digger's Handbook, which becomes the first book she "steals”. It’s her 24 foster father Hans who helps Liesel to read, and the 14 books she steals provide her with 25 comfort. She manages to 26 the war and 27 helps the people around her who are also 28
As I 29 each page, I found myself absorbed in the 30 created by the author. The light but lingering（绵长的）31 made me hold my 32，as if I had the same experience as Liesel.
Every time I 33this book, what comes to mind is not the 34 of the Nazis or the despair in the face of a very difficult and unfavourable situation. All I can think of is the resilience（韧性），sincerity and kindness of35 in such a（n）36 cruel period． Despite the fact that it is not easy for foster parents to 37 themselves, they still choose to foster Liesel when she is 38.They also save and hide a Jewish girl in their basement when the Nazis start to kill the Jews.
All these details make me feel that 39 we keep the most 40 thing inside our hearts, even in despair, we still have the ability to walk toward the brightest future in front of us
21. A. interview 22. A. struggles 23. A. comes across B. schedule B. disappears B. puts away C. responsibility C. remains C. turns over D. experience D. hesitates leges D. leaves behind
24. A. selfish B. narrow-minded C. kind-hearted D. wealth
25. A. endless B. instant C. little D. Physical
26. A. enter B. forget C. describe D. Survive
27. A. sadly B, readily C suddenly D, unfortunately
28. A. travelling B. operating C. suffering D. recovering
29. A. turned B. tore C. covered D. struck
30. A. world B, house C. street D. Geld
31. A complaint B. sorrow C. delight D. regret
32. A. position B, record C. view D. breath
33. A. make room for B. take advantage of C. think back on D. get rid of
34. A. madness B. tiredness C. sickness D awareness
35. A. literature B. humanity C. competition D hardship
36. A. eventually B. initially C. extremely D. slightly
37. A. tolerate B. represent C. support D. treat
38. A. abandoned B. observed C. controlled D. trained
39. A. for fear that B. in order that C. even if D. as long as
40. A. similar B. precious C. serious D. natural
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
More than one century after being unearthed， hundreds of pieces of oracle bones（甲骨） 41 （keep） in a top university in Jiangsu province now have the chance to be decoded（破解）， thanks to a new academic project. In early November, Nanjing University in the provincial capital made an 42 (announce) of the launch of a comprehensive study and categorization of the bones that date back to the late Shang Dynasty (c. 16th century-11th century BC). Systematic recordings of these pieces through traditional ink rubbings（拓片）and digitized 43 (approach) will also begin.
44 (present),about 600 pieces of oracle bones are now housed at Nanjing University Museum,45 (make) it the third-largest collection of its kind among Chinese colleges after Peking University and Tsinghua University.
According to Shi Mei, director of the museum and host of the academic program, the about 3,300-year-old bones were owned by some well-known collectors around 1900.Some of the bones 46 (donate) by John Calvin Ferguson, an American Sinologist, who was president of the University of Nanking, a predecessor of Nanjing University that was formed in 1952.“However,due to the lack of enough 47(talent) scholars, detailed studies on the bones hadn't started for a long time,” Shi says.
Oracle bone inscriptions（铭文）compose the oldest-known Chinese writing system. The findings,48 are mostly from the Yinxu site in Anyang, Henan province, not only prove that Shang Dynasty history is more than myth, but also indicate the beginning of Chinese language, as present-day written characters can trace their history to the inscriptions Owing to the high status of oracle bones, relevant studies to decode the writings were 49 high demand
Scattered fragments of oracle bones first began to emerge around Anyang in 50 late 1890s.In 1924,the University of Nanking became the first Chinese university to include a course on oracle bone inscriptions in its subjects. Four years later，the first linguistics（语言学） essays on the inscriptions was also published in Nanjing.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Friday was the day where I watched the event of the Textbook Drama Performances held in the hall of our school in the evening. The wholly school watched the performances. During the event, the students from 15 classes acted out those famous story from the textbooks, was including Romeo and Juliet, As You Like It and so on. After the performances, all the students sing high praise for the actors and actresses but said that they learnt a lot from the event.
My favorite performance is Romeo and Juliet. I am touched by the beautiful love between themselves. I think this event is great significance to us. It lets us knowing more about the famous works of the world and increases our interested in English literature.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是李华，你和同班同学Tom在踢足球时发生矛盾。请你根据此事给你班英语角写一篇短文。内容包括：
1．事情是如何发生的：踢足球因为碰撞导致争执等；
2．为什么会发生冲突：①遇事不够理智和冷静；②······；
3．如何能够避免冲突：提出两种或以上的做法。
注意：1．词数100左右，开头已经给出，不计入总词数；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．参考词汇：碰撞 bump into。
A conflict between people is common in everyday life.

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