资源简介

(共34张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
教材版本：新外研
册别单元：必修三 Unit 5 (Starting out — Understanding ideas)
本单元词汇梳理
1. thus 近义词：therefore；句子副词
2. confirm con- (加强) + firm (to strengthen 加强、巩固) → 加强事情的真实性 → 证实、证明
派生词：confirmation
3. zone 词块：comfort / time zone
4. border 词块：on the border, across / over the border, cross the border
5. crowd 词源义：to press, push → 人挤在一起 → 人群
词块：a crowd of
派生词：crowded；词块：be crowed with
6. attempt n 词块：in an attempt to do sth, make an attempt to do sth, at the first attempt
v 词块：attempt to do sth = try to do sth
7. failure fail + -ure；反义词：success；
一词多义：基本义“失败”
抽象名词具体化：意为“失败的人或事”时是可数名词
词块：failure to do sth
8. psychologist psychology (n 心理学) + -ist
9. rubber 意为“橡皮”时是英式英语，对应美式：eraser
1770年，英国一名化学家无意中发现橡胶树的白色树胶的凝块可以“ rub out ”（擦去）铅笔的痕迹，于是就给它取名叫rubber，字面意思是“可用来擦除的东西”。现在橡胶制品已经广泛应用于工业和生活的各个方面，但名称依然为rubber。
10. unaware un- + aware
反义词：aware
词块：be unaware of / that …
11. guideline 合成词：guide + line
词块：guidelines on
12. injury 词族：injure, injured, injury
词块：suffer (from) an injury, a head / leg / knee injury, personal injury
13. stretch 一词多义：基本义“to extend 展开”
词块：stretch oneself
重难点词精讲
attempt
搭配义
词根 port
一词多义
熟词生义
failure
一词多义
confirm
英汉思维差异
crowd
熟词生义
搭配义
stretch
一词多义
熟词生义
confirm
当我们注册新账户或者重置密码时通常会看见confirm password。意思是“确认密码”，如果两次输入的密码不一样，系统会通知你：
Your new and confirm password are different. Please enter your passwords again.
您的新密码和确认密码不相符，请再次输入密码。
生活中的confirm
confirm vt
证实；证明：
The experiment confirmed his theory.
confirm + (that) / wh- 从句：
Research has confirmed that the risk is higher for women.
确认（安排、日期或情况）：
confirm a booking / reservation
confirm 词源解读：
confirm 由con- (强调) + firm (to strengthen 加强、巩固) → 加强事情的真实性 → “证实”“证明”
Six people have confirmed that they will be attending the conference.
confirmation n [C] & [U] 证实；确认（书）
翻译歌曲《传奇》中的歌词：
“只是因为在人群中多看了你一眼，再也没能忘掉你容颜。”
crowd
仅供参考：
Just because of one more glance at you in the crowd I can’t forget your face from that moment on
■ n [C] 人群；观众：
The crowd erupted into laughter. 2010 福建
The band played and the crowd cheered. 2009 湖北
a crowd of / crowds of 一大群；很多：
After making my way through crowds of people, I finally found a subway line that was operating. 2008 山东
crowd
■ v
vt 挤满；塞满：
Onlookers crowded the street.
crowd a room with furniture
Memories from high school crowded his mind.
vi 聚集；涌进；蜂拥而至：
Pupils crowded round (their teacher) to ask questions.
Thousands of people have crowded into the small town.
crowded adj 拥挤的；挤满的；装满的：
a crowded road / city / railway station
The restaurant is always crowded with customers at meal times.
2016 全国
根据所给提示，用适当的词块完成句子。
Body language is particularly important when we
__________（试图）communicate across cultures.（2012 全国）
attempt to
try to
attempt
attempt
n [C] & [U] 试图；尝试；努力 (try)：
All attempts by the experts to cure him failed.
The town is banning plastic bags in an attempt to help the environment.
The team made an attempt to climb / at climbing the mountain.
He made no attempt to hide his feelings.
vt 试图；尝试；企图 to try to do sth, especially sth difficult：
He did not attempt the last question in the examination.
attempt to do sth:
Every year about 40, 000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. 2019 全国
【词汇拓展】
attempted adj [只用于名词前] 企图的；未遂的：
attempted murder / robbery
failure
温斯顿·丘吉尔(Winston Churchill), 英国政治家、历史学家、演说家，1940年至1945年和1951年至1955年两度出任英国首相，被认为是20世纪最重要的政治领袖之一，领导英国人民赢得了第二次世界大战。
成功并不是终点，失败也不会致命，真正重要的是继续走下去的勇气。
—— 温斯顿·丘吉尔
fail
v
vt & vi 失败；没做成 to not succeed in achieving sth (反 succeed)：
It is very important to find out why you failed to achieve your goal.
vi 未做 to not do sth：
I never fail to phone my parents on their birthdays.
vt & vi 没有通过（考试）；不及格；评定（某人）不及格 (反 pass)：
I passed history but failed chemistry.
Her work was so bad that the teacher had no
choice but to fail her.
14
15
vi 出故障；失灵 to stop working：
He saw a terrible accident in which
a tram’s brakes failed.
vi [常用于进行时]（健康、体力、视力等）衰退；减弱 to become weak：
His eyesight is failing.
She has suffered from failing health.
vt 使失望 (let down)；使无能为力：
When we needed his help, he failed us.
Words failed me (= I could not express how I felt) when I wanted to express my thanks to him.
n [C]（考试）不及格 (反 pass)
without fail 必定；总是；务必
失败；未能做
fail
（基本义）
“未能” 完成某事
身体功能等
“失败”
考试“失败”
fail语义网络图
“未能” 做某事
机器等运转“失败”
“未能”达到期望
失败；没做成
没有通过（考试）；不及格；评定（某人）不及格
（健康、体力、视力等）衰退；减弱
未做
出故障；失灵
使失望 ；使无能为力
17
失败；没做成
出故障；失灵
失败；没做到
故障
失败的人 / 事
fail
failure
抽象名词具体化
未做
没做到
18
failure n
[U] 失败 (反success)：
Failure is the mother of success.
All his efforts ended in failure.
She is depressed by her continued failure to find a job.
[C] 失败的人 / 事 (反success)：
Never think of yourself as a failure.
[U] & [C] 没做到：
Failure to observe all Park rules could result in being driven out of the Park. 2013 江苏
[U] & [C] 故障；失灵：
the power / engine failure
Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. 2017 北京
Failure doesn’t mean you are a failure,
　　It does mean you haven’t succeeded yet.
　　Failure doesn’t mean you have accomplished nothing,
　　It does mean you have learned something.
　　Failure doesn’t mean you have been a fool,
　　It does mean you had a lot of faith.　　
Failure doesn’t mean you’ve been disgraced,
　　It does mean you were willing to try.
　　Failure doesn’t mean you don’t have it,
　　It does mean you have to do something in a different way.
　　Failure doesn’t mean you are inferior,
　　It does mean you are not perfect.
　　Failure doesn’t mean you’ve wasted your life,
　　It does mean you have a reason to start afresh.
　　Failure doesn’t mean you should give up,
　　It does mean you must try harder.
　　Failure doesn’t mean you’ll never make it,
　　It does mean it will take a little longer.
　　Failure doesn’t mean God has abandoned you,
　　It does mean God has a better idea.
失败并不代表你是个失败者，
　　它只表明你尚未成功。
　　失败并不代表你一无所获，
　　它只表明你吸取了一次教训。
　　失败并不代表你很愚蠢，
　　它只表明你信心百倍。
　　失败并不代表你无脸见人，
　　它只表明你百折不回。
　　失败并不代表你工夫白费，
　　它只表明你的做事方法尚待改进。
　　失败并不代表你低人一等。
　　它只表明你并非完人。　　
失败并不代表你浪费生命，
　　它只表明你有理由重新开始。
　　失败并不代表你应该放弃，
　　它只表明你要加倍努力。
　　失败并不代表成功永不属于你，
　　它只表明你要付出更多的时间。
　　失败并不代表上帝已经抛弃你，
　　它只表明上帝还有更好的主意。
Failure doesn’t mean
失败并不代表
stretch ■ vt & vi （被）拉长；伸出 / 展；延伸：
stretch a rope tight
stretch oneself
The road stretched out across the desert into the distance.
■ n [C] & [U]伸长；延伸；伸展；连绵：
give a stretch
a stretch of open country
stretch语义网络图
“展开”物体
（完全）“展开”胳膊、腿
“展开”空间、距离
（被）拉长
伸展 ；伸出
延伸；连绵
展开
(基本义)
stretch
词根 port
port
（to carry 拿、带、运）
re-: 回 (back)
report 报道（把消息、情况等带回）
sup-: 在……下 (underneath)
support 支持；支撑（在下面拿着、支撑着）
trans-: 横过 / 越过 (over / across)
transport（从一方运到另一方）
ex-: 出 (out)
export（将物品运出某国）
im-: 入 (in)
import（将物品运入某国）
de-: 分开、离开(away)
deport（将人带离某国）
-able: 形容词后缀
portable 便于携带的；手提式的；轻便的
根据所给提示，写出下列句子中画线单词的汉语释义。
1. We were greatly encouraged by the support we received. ___________
2. It is reported that fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park.（2017 全国） ___________
3. We import raw materials（原材料）and energy and export mainly industrial products. ___________
4. He was deported from the country when his visa expired（到期）.
__________
5. Portable computers are good for receiving information while travelling.
_________
支持
报道；运输
进口；出口
便于携带的 / 手提式的
把……驱逐出境
英汉思维差异
英译汉或汉译英。
1. port ___________
2. 护照 __________
3. rubber ___________
4. 大黄鸭 ___________
5. 熨斗 ___________
6. 彩虹 ___________
港（口）
passport
橡胶
rubber duck
iron
rainbow
英语在命名事物时偏向于理性，强调事物的本质特征。汉语在命名事物时更感性，重在强调事物的外形特征及功能。这是英汉思维差异一个很重要的体现。
英汉思维差异
本单元金句汇总
1. Six people have confirmed that they will be attending the conference.
2. Memories from high school crowded his mind.
3. He made no attempt to hide his feelings.
4. It is very important to find out why you failed to achieve your goal.
5. She has suffered from failing health.
6. Failure is the mother of success.
7. Never think of yourself as a failure.
随堂检测
confirm
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Her new role could confirm her as one of our leading actors.
__________
2. All telephone reservations must be confirmed in writing.
__________
3. The king confirmed that the election would be on July 20th. __________
4. I’m still waiting for confirmation of the test results. __________
证明 / 证实
批准
确认
通知书
crowd
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. He left the hotel surrounded by crowds ________ journalists.
2. He found it difficult to move in the __________ (crowd) street.
3. The ________ (crowd) erupted into laughter when the performance was over.
二、根据所给词块及提示，将下列句子译成英语。
1. 回忆涌上头。(crowd v)
_____________________________________________________
2. 这家餐馆在用餐时间总是客满。（2016 全国）(be crowded with)
_____________________________________________________
3. 要独立思考，不要只是人云亦云。(crowd n)
_____________________________________________________
crowded
The restaurant is always crowded with customers at meal times.
crowd
of
Memories crowded my mind.
Think for yourself. Don’t just follow the crowd.
根据所给提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
Body language is particularly important when we _________________________________（试图跨文化交流时）. （2012 全国）(attempt v)
She _________________________________（试图加入） in their conversation. (attempt n)
They closed the road _________________________________（试图减少） traffic in the city. (attempt n)
They had to abandon（放弃）their ________________（……的尝试）climb the mountain. (attempt n)
attempt
attempt to communicate across cultures
made an attempt to join / at joining
in an attempt to reduce
attempt to
failure
根据所给汉语，完成下列句子。
1. William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight
__________________（开始衰退）. （2011 全国）
2. They _______________（未能达成）an agreement, because they disagreed too much with each other. （2014 陕西改）
3. When he lost his job, he felt he had __________________________
（让他的家人失望）.
was beginning to fail
failed to reach
failed his family
4. He _________________（数学不及格）but passed
all his other subjects.
5. While some people are motivated（激励）by a need for success,
others are motivated by ___________________（惧怕失败）. （2016 江苏）
6. He broke down as he thought of his ______________（没能卖
出）all his papers. （2015 湖北）
a fear of failure
failure to sell
failed (in) maths
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Where can I buy those things that stretch my shoes
________________
2. Meals can stretch for hours — there’s no such thing as rushing a meal in Brazil.（2014 浙江） ________________
3. I need a job that will stretch me. _______________
stretch
撑大
延续
使发挥出全部本领
谢
谢
观
赏

展开更多......

收起↑