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书面表达专项练习4
打造简单句（1）
一、转换句子结构
例1：李东住在南方。他的家乡经常下雨。
一般：Li Dong lives in the south. It often rains in his hometown. （用there be 句型）
较好：Li Dong is from the south. There is a lot of rain in his hometown
简析“一般表达”中的两个句子均是“主谓”结构，比较单调。把它们分别转换为“主系表”结构和there +be句型后，句子就显得比较活泼。
例2：你每天帮我学英语。你太好了！
一般：You help me study English every day. You are very kind.
较好：（it形式主语）It's very kind of you to help me learn English every day.
较好：（感叹句）How nice of you to help me learn English every day！
简析：一般表达”句子之间的关系松散，转换为it做形式主语或感叹句后句子读起来很流畅。
二、转换句型
例：你女儿的数学成绩很好。你不必为她担忧。
一般：Your daughter is good at math. You needn't worry about her.
较好：（用there be 句型）Your daughter does well in math. There is no need for you to worry about her.
较好：(感叹句，it主) How well your daughter does in math！It's unnecessary for you to worry about ber.
简析：“一般表达”中均是“人”做主语，显得比较单调，而转换成there be句型或感叹句后，句子就比较灵活，读起来比较有味道。
写作中常用于转换的三个句型：
1. there +be 创型
There be句型也是简单句中的一种常用句型，在作文中经常使用。在there be句型中，谓语部分还可以换用there seems/seemed to be（似乎有），there happened to be（碰巧，there may/might be（也许有），there must be（肯定有），there can't be（不可能有），there ought to/should be（应该有）等。例如：
(1)我的家乡经常下雨。
It often rains in my hometown. = There is a lot of rain in my hometown.
(2)今天是呈期天。学校不可能有学生。
It’s Sunday today. There can't be any students in school.
操场上碰巧有很多人。
There happened to be a lot of people on the playground.
2. 感叹句
感叹句是作文中很有用的一种句型，常见的感叹句有两种：
感叹句型1：How +形容词或副词+主谓结构
感叹句型2：What +（冠词）+形容词+名词+主谓结构
感叹句型3：What +名词
What +形容词+不可名
What +形容词+可名复
(1) How beautiful the park is!
(2) How fast the player runs!
(3) What an interesting film it is! = How interesting a film（it is）！
(4) What cold weather（it is）！
3.强调句型
强调句型也是作文中常用的一种句型，强调句型的结构是：
It is/was+被强调部分+ that/who+原句其他部分+句号。
例如：The boy cleaned the classroom yesterday.
（1）It was the classroom that the boy cleaned yesterday.（强调宾语）
（2）It was the boy who/that cleaned the classroom yesterday.（强调主语）
（3）It was yesterday that the boy cleaned the classroom.（强调状语）
注意：强调时间和地点时，不能用when或where，要用that.
三、转换词语
例1：杰克是我们学校的学生。他学习特别努力。
一般：Jack studies in our school.He studies very hard.
较好：Jack studies in our school，He works hard at his lessons.
简析：“一般表达”中的谓语重复使用study，显得呆板。词语转换后，句子就“活”起来了，读起来有滋有味，
例2：妈妈匆匆忙忙去上班，连早餐都没吃。
一般：Mother went to work，She didn't have breakfast.
较好：Mother went to work without having breakfast.
简析：“一般表达”中的两个简单句彼此之间关系松散，使用介词短语进行转换后使句子内部结构紧凑，读起来一气呵成。
例3：汤姆努力学习中文。他想在中国找份工作。
一般：Tom studies Chinese very hard.He wants to find a job in China.
较好：Tom studies Chinese very hard in order to/so as to find a job in China.
较好：Tom studies Chinese very hard with the purpose of finding a job in China.
简析：“一般表达”中的两个简单句关系松散，使用不定式短语或介词短语进行转换后句子结构紧凑，有一气呵成之感。
段落练笔1：(用所学方法转换句型）
小明一家有五个人。他们都有自己的爱好。他的父母喜欢打羽毛球。爷爷奶奶喜欢晚饭后散步。小明喜欢集邮。几乎每天晚上，小明的爷爷奶奶都给他讲故事。他们过着幸福的生活。
一般表达：Xiaoming's family has five people. They all have their hobbies. His parents like badminton. His grandparents like to have a walk after supper. Xiaoming likes collecting stamps. His grandparents tell him a story almost every morning. They live a happy life.
高级表达：There are five people in Xiaopeng’s family, including him. All of them have their own hobbies. For example, his parents like badminton and his grandparents enjoy walking after supper. Collecting stamps is Xiaopeng’s hobby and to his great joy, his grandparents tell him a story almost every day in the evening. What a happy life they lead.
点评：以上两段都是使用简单句进行表述，但是读起来效果大不一样。
一般表达”中存在两大问题：一是主语的表达过于单调，从头到尾使用“主语+谓的单一模式，平铺直叙，让人读起来感到平淡无味；二是谓语的使用过于简单，三句中的“喜欢”均使用like一词，不能不使读者感到作者的词汇量之贫乏。以上两个问题导致整个段落表达单调、语句呆板、档次不高。
而看完“一般表达”后再读“高级表达”，给人的感觉是耳目一新，越读越有味。主语表达新颖别致，谓语的使用灵活多变，使整个段落“活”了起来，“美”了起来！假如你是阅卷老师，难道你不给这样的表达以高分吗？
纵观以上“高级表达”，它有三大亮点：
1. 主语的表达要多样化。如“高级表达”中的all of them，还可用both his father and s mother，both of them，they each like，each of them等。
2. 谓语的表达灵活。如“喜欢”一词的表达用了like，enjoy，还可用be fond of，go in ir等表达.
3. 简单句的句型变换多样。如there +be句型，动名词做主语，感叹句。还可采用倒装句、强调句型等。
段落练笔2：
我们学校是一所新建的寄宿制高中，又大又漂亮，非常现代化。我以前从未见过如此好的学校，学校有2000多名学生，150余名老师。老师待我们既严格又友好。我们的课堂先动有趣，我们的校园生活丰富多彩。我爱我们的学校。
一般表达
Our school is a newly built boarding high school. It is large and beautiful.It is quite mader.I have never seen such a nice school before.Our school has more than 2 000 students and more than 150 teachers.Our teachers are strict and friendly to us.Our classes are lively and interesting.Our school life is rich and colourful. I really like our new school.
高级表达
Our school is a newly built boarding high school. It is large and beautiful. Of course it is quite modern. To tell you the truth，never have I seen such a nice school before. There are more than 2 000 students in our school. And our teachers，over 150，are strict but friendly to all of us. To our great joy，not only our classes are lively and interesting，but also our school life is and colourful. How much I like our school！
点评:该段落是一个学校的简介，除“高级表达”中倒数第二句话使用复合句之外，两个段基地其他句子使用的均是简单句。尽管复合句和画横线部分的三个插入语使“高级表达”事上系花，但即使剔除它们之后仍能明显感觉到“高级表达”有以下几处“高级”之笔:
1. 句型多样，倒装句型和感叹句的使用是“高级表达”中最高级的地方，“从未见过”
和“多么热爱”采用倒装句型和感叹句的表达手法，不仅充分展示了作者丰富的感情，而且使读者有身临其境之感。此外，there+be句型的使用恰到好处，避免了老是“主语+谓语"的单调句式，读起来格外新额。
2. 用词科学。strict and friendly改为strict but friendly，and改为but，一词之变，表达更加地道，more than和over交替使用，表达效果不言而喻。
转换练习：根据“一般表达”的意思，完成“较好表达”中的句子（使用简单句）
1. 一般表达：
Yao Ming is a famous basketball player. He is tall and handsome. He plays in NBA. He has a talent for basketball. He plays very hard every time. He wants to realize his dream. We Chinese like him very much. The foreigners like him too.
较好表达：Yao Ming is famous as a basketball player in the world. The big man from China is 2.26m tall. As a superstar, he also has great skill and speed. In the Houston Rockets he acts as a center and spares no effort in per game so as to live his dream. Not only Chinese but also foreigners like Yao Ming very much.
2. 一般表达：
You don’t want to spend your vacation on a bus, in a hotel or sitting on the beach. You may want to try hiking. You travel happily. You will get close to nature and take exercise at the same time. You can do hiking easily and you needn’t spend a lot of money. You can hike close to home or travel to other places. You need the basic equipment: good shoes, clothes, and a backpack. You can hike in the mountains, in a forest or along a river. You can also go for a hike in the city.
较好表达：Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, in a hotel, or sitting on the beach, you may want to try hiking. It is a great way to travel. You will get close to nature and take exercise at the same time. Hiking is easy to do and doesn’t have to be very expensive. You can hike close to home or travel to other places. The basic equipment is simple: good shoes, clothes, and a backpack. You can hike in the mountains, in a forest or along a river. Hiking in the city is also one of your choices.
走进高考，词不离句：简单句的转换（转换词语或句型）
有时一些人根据穿着判断一个人。原句：Sometimes some people judge a person by the clothes he wears.
转换：Sometimes some people judge a person by what he wears.
同学们把大多数时间花在做作业上。原句：The students put the most of their time into their homework..
转换：The students spent the most of their time doing their homework..
Doing their homework took the students the most of time.
多吃蔬菜和水果有益健康。原句：It’s good for our health to eat more fruit and vegetables.
转换：Eating more fruit and vegetables is good for our health.
Eating more fruit and vegetables does good to our health.
We benefit more from fruit and vegetables.
走进高考，句不离篇：
1.Very glad to receive your letter. Thank you for your congratulations. 2. I was very excited when I heard that Beijing won the bid for the 2008 Olympic Games. 3. Immediately I called Wei Guo and Li Hong to my house. After a brief discussion we decided to put up a wall newspaper for our class. 4. We hurried to our classroom and began to work: Wei Guo wrote a poem. Li Hong copied some news from the newspaper. I drew an Olympic flag. 5. The next morning, our classmates were both surprised and overjoyed when they saw the wall newspaper. I hope that you can come to China to watch the Olympic Games in 2008. Then I’ll be very happy to be your guide.
1. I’m very happy to hear from you.
I’m very glad that I have received your letter.
How glad I’m to receive your letter.
2. I was very excited on hearing that Beijing won the bid for the 2008 Olympic Games.
How excited I was when I heard the news that Beijing won the bid for the 2008 Olympic Games.
Beijing won the bid for the 2008 Olympic Games. I was very excited
3. Immediately I asked Wei Guo and Li Hong to my house by telephone.
Immediately I asked Wei Guo and Li Hong to my house over the telephone.
Right away I telephoned Wei Guo and Li Hong to my house.
4. We went to our classroom in a hurry and began to work
We went to our classroom hurriedly and set out to work
We went to our classroom as fast as possible and began to work
We went to our classroom as fast as we could and started to work
5. At the sight of the wall newspaper the next morning, our classmates were both surprised and overjoyed.
Seeing the wall newspaper the next morning, our classmates were both surprised and overjoyed.
On/ Upon seeing the wall newspaper the next morning, our classmates were both surprised and overjoyed.
翻译句子：至少写出两种句型结构
1. 我最喜欢数学。
I like math best.
My favorite subject is math.
2. 操场上有很多来访者。
Many visitors are on the playground.
There are many visitors on the playground
3. 写这篇文章花了我两个小时。
It took me two hours to write this article.
I spent two hours in writing this article.
4. 那天我们玩得很高兴。
We had a good time that day.
We enjoyed ourselves that day.
5. 上周五，我们对此进行了讨论。
We discussed it last Friday.
We had a discussion about it last Friday.
6. 吸烟对你的健康有害。
Smoking is harmful to your health.
It is bad for your health to smoke.
7. 下周将有一次英语演讲比赛。
There will be an English speech contest next week
An English speech contest will be held next week.
8. 他的建议真有用。
His suggestion is really useful.
His suggestion is of great use.
9.政府应该采取恰当的措施来解决这个问题。
Appropriate measures should be taken to solve this problem by the government .
The government should take appropriate measures to solve this problem
10. 大多数人认为学习一门外语是有必要的。
Most people think it necessary to learn a foreign language.
Most people think it is necessary to learn a foreign language.书面表达专项练习4
打造简单句一（结构、句型、词汇）
一、转换句子结构
例1：李东住在南方。他的家乡经常下雨。
一般：Li Dong lives in the south. It often rains in his hometown. （用there be 句型）
较好：Li Dong is from the south. _________________________________________________
例2：你每天帮我学英语。你太好了！
一般：You help me study English every day. You are very kind.
较好：（it形式主语）________________________________________________________________
较好：（感叹句）________________________________________________________________
二、转换句型
例：你女儿的数学成绩很好。你不必为她担忧。
一般：Your daughter is good at math. You needn't worry about her.
较好：（there be）_____________________________________________________________________
较好：(感叹句，it主)_________________________________________________________________
写作中常用于转换的三个句型：
1. there +be 创型
There be句型也是简单句中的一种常用句型，在作文中经常使用。在there be句型中，谓语部分还可以换用there seems/seemed to be（_________），there happened to be（______），there may/might be（_________），there must be（_________），there can't be（__________），there ought to/should be（____________）等。例如：
(1)我的家乡经常下雨。
It often rains in my hometown. = __________________________________________.
(2)今天是星期天。学校不可能有学生。
It’s Sunday today. _________________________________________________.
(3)操场上碰巧有很多人。
______________________________________on the playground.
2. 感叹句
感叹句是作文中很有用的一种句型，常见的感叹句有两种：
感叹句型1：How +形容词或副词+(主谓结构)
感叹句型2：What +a/an+形容词+名词+(主谓结构)= How +形容词+a/an +名词+ (主谓结构)
感叹句型3：What +名词
What +形容词+不可名
What +形容词+可名复
3.强调句型
强调句型也是作文中常用的一种句型，强调句型的结构是：
It is/was+被强调部分+ that/who+原句其他部分+句号。
例如：The boy cleaned the classroom yesterday.
（1）_________________________________________________________.（强调宾语）
（2）_________________________________________________________.（强调主语）
（3）_________________________________________________________.（强调状语）
三、转换词语
例1：杰克是我们学校的学生。他学习特别努力。
一般：Jack studies in our school.He studies very hard.（换动词）
较好：Jack studies in our school. ________________________________________
例2：妈妈匆匆忙忙去上班，连早餐都没吃。(用介词短语)
一般：Mother went to work，She didn't have breakfast.
较好：_________________________________________________________
例3：汤姆努力学习中文。他想在中国找份工作。（1.用非谓语；2用介词短语）
一般：Tom studies Chinese very hard.He wants to find a job in China.
较好：____________________________________________________________________________
较好：____________________________________________________________________________
段落练笔1：(用所学方法转换句型）
小明一家有五个人。他们都有自己的爱好。他的父母喜欢打羽毛球。爷爷奶奶喜欢晚饭后散步。小明喜欢集邮。几乎每天晚上，小明的爷爷奶奶都给他讲故事。他们过着幸福的生活。
一般表达：Xiaoming's family has five people. They all have their hobbies. His parents like badminton. His grandparents like to have a walk after supper. Xiaoming likes collecting stamps. His grandparents tell him a story almost every evening. They live a happy life.
高级表达：（there be 句型）____________________________________________________,
including him. (变主语)______________________________________. For example, his parents like badminton and his grandparents (变动词)____________________ after supper. (主系表)________________________________ and to his great joy, his grandparents tell him a story （变时间状语）____________________________. （感叹句）____________________________________.
段落练笔2：
我们学校是一所新建的寄宿制高中，又大又漂亮，非常现代化。我以前从未见过如此好的学校，学校有2000多名学生，150余名老师。老师待我们既严格又友好。我们的课堂先动有趣，我们的校园生活丰富多彩。我爱我们的学校。
一般表达
Our school is a newly built boarding high school. It is large and beautiful. It is quite modern. I have never seen such a nice school before. Our school has more than 2 000 students and more than 150 teachers. Our teachers are strict and friendly to us. Our classes are lively and interesting. Our school life is rich and colourful. I really like our new school.
高级表达
Our school is a newly built boarding high school. It is large and beautiful. Of course it is quite modern. To tell you the truth，(倒装句) ________________________________________________. (there be )________________________________ in our school. And our teachers，over 150，are strict but friendly to all of us. To our great joy，(连词 ) ______________our classes are lively and interesting，______________ our school life is rich and colourful. How much I like our school！
转换练习：根据“一般表达”的意思，完成“较好表达”中的句子（使用简单句）
1. 一般表达：
Yao Ming is a famous basketball player. He is tall and handsome. He plays in NBA. He has a talent for basketball. He plays very hard every time. He wants to realize his dream. We Chinese like him very much. The foreigners like him too.
较好表达：Yao Ming is famous _______ a basketball player in the world. The big man from China is 2.26m_________. As a superstar, he also has great skill and speed. In the Houston Rockets he acts __________ a center and __________ no effort in per game so as to live his dream. Not only Chinese _______________ foreigners like Yao Ming very much.
2. 一般表达：
You don’t want to spend your vacation on a bus, in a hotel or sitting on the beach. You may want to try hiking. You travel happily. You will get close to nature and take exercise at the same time. You can do hiking easily and you needn’t spend a lot of money. You can hike close to home or travel to other places. You need the basic equipment: good shoes, clothes, and a backpack. You can hike in the mountains, in a forest or along a river. You can also go for a hike in the city.
较好表达：Instead of _________ your vacation on a bus, in a hotel, or sitting on the beach, you may want to try hiking. ___________ is a great way to travel. You will get close to nature and take exercise at the same time. Hiking is easy to do and doesn’t _________ to be very expensive. You can hike close to home or travel to other places. The basic equipment _________ simple: good shoes, clothes, and a backpack. You can hike in the mountains, in a forest or along a river. Hiking in the city ____________also one of your choices.
走进高考，词不离句：简单句的转换（转换词语或句型）
有时一些人根据穿着判断一个人。原句：Sometimes some people judge a person by his clothes.
转换：Sometimes some people judge a person by (宾从) ______________________________________.
Sometimes some people judge a person by (定从) ______________________________________.
同学们把大多数时间花在做作业上。原句：The students put the most of their time into their homework..
转换：The students ____________ the most of their time doing their homework..
Doing their homework ____________the students the most of time.
多吃蔬菜和水果有益健康。原句：It’s good for our health to eat more fruit and vegetables.
转换：Eating more fruit and vegetables _______________ our health.
Eating more fruit and vegetables does ______________ our health.
We benefit more __________ fruit and vegetables.
走进高考，句不离篇：
1.Very glad to receive your letter. Thank you for your congratulations. 2. I was very excited when I heard that Beijing won the bid for the 2008 Olympic Games. 3. Immediately I called Wei Guo and Li Hong to my house. After a brief discussion we decided to put up a wall newspaper for our class. 4. We hurried to our classroom and began to work: Wei Guo wrote a poem. Li Hong copied some news from the newspaper. I drew an Olympic flag. 5. The next morning, our classmates were both surprised and overjoyed when they saw the wall newspaper. I hope that you can come to China to watch the Olympic Games in 2008. Then I’ll be very happy to be your guide.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
翻译句子：至少写出两种句型结构
1. 我最喜欢数学。
2. 操场上有很多来访者。
3. 写这篇文章花了我两个小时。
4. 那天我们玩得很高兴。
5. 上周五，我们对此进行了讨论。
6. 吸烟对你的健康有害。
7. 下周将有一次英语演讲比赛。
8. 他的建议真有用。
9. 政府应该采取恰当的措施来解决这个问题。
10. 大多数人认为学习一门外语是有必要的。

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