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高考英语阅读理解专项练习
班级 考号 姓名 总分
一、生态环保类
（一）
We produce 500 billion of plastic bags in a year worldwide and they are thrown away polluting oceans，killing wildlife and getting dumped in landfills where they take up to 1000 years to decompose.Researchers have been unsuccessfully looking for a solution.
The 16yearold Canadian high school student，Daniel Burd, from Waterloo Collegiate Institute, has discovered a way to make plastic bags degrade(分解) in as few as 3 months，a finding that won him first prize at the Canada－Wide Science Fair，a $10 000 prize，a $20 000 scholarship, and a chance to revolutionize a major environmental issue.　　
Burd's strategy was simple: Since plastic does eventually degrade, it must be eaten by microorganisms (微生物).If those microorganisms could be identified, we could put them to work eating the plastic much faster than under normal conditions.
With this goal in mind, he ground plastic bags into a powder and concocted(调制) a solution of household chemicals, yeast(酵母) and tap water to encourage microbes growth.Then he added the plastic powder and let the microbes work their magic for 3 months.Finally，he tested the resulting bacterial culture on plastic bags，exposing one plastic sample to dead bacteria as a control.Sure enough, the plastic exposed (暴露) to the live bacteria was 17% lighter than the control after six weeks.　　
The inputs are cheap：maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because microbes produce heat as they work, and the only outputs are water and tiny levels of carbon dioxide.　
“Almost every week I have to do chores and when I open the closet door, I have piles of plastic bags falling on top of me.One day, I got tired of it and I wanted to know what other people are doing with these plastic bags.The answer：not much.So I decided to do something myself.”said Daniel BurD.　
1.Daniel Burd won first prize at the Canada－Wide Science Fair because___
A.he found a new kind of microorganism
B.he contributed much to environmental protection　　
C.he found a way to degrade plastics in shorter time　　
D.he could encourage microbes growth in an easier way　　
2.Daniel Burd exposed one plastic sample to dead bacteria to　 ___.　　
A.make the live bacteria work better　　
B.test how effective his method was　
C.know which bacteria worked faster
D.control the temperature in the process
3.Maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because ___　
A.plastics can get hot easily　　
B.microbes can produce heat themselves　　
C.much carbon dioxide is produced　　
D.the temperature can be controlled　　
4.Daniel Burd got his idea from ____
A.his school textbook　　
B.the failure of researchers　　
C.his everyday work　　
D.the practice of other people　　
（二）
It was a village in India.The people were poor.However, they were not unhappy.After all, their forefathers had lived in the same way for centuries.　　
Then one day, some visitors from the city arriveD.They told the villagers there were some people elsewhere who liked to eat frog's legs.However, they did not have enough frogs of their own ，and so they wanted to buy frogs from other places.　　
This seemed like money for nothing.There were millions of frogs in the fields around，and they were no use to the villagers.All they had to do was catch them.Agreement was reached，and the children were sent into the fields to catch frogs.Every week a truck arrived to collect the catch and hand over the money.For the first time, the people were able to dream of a better future.But the dream didn't last long.　　
The change was hardly noticed at first, but it seemed as if the crops were not doing so well.More worrying was that the children fell ill more often, and, there seemed to be more insects around lately.　　
The villagers decided that they couldn't just wait to see the crops failing and the children getting weak.They would have to use the money earned to buy pesticides (杀虫剂) and medicines.Soon there was no money left.　　
Then the people realized what was happening.It was the frog.They hadn't been useless.They had been doing an important job—eating insects.Now with so many frogs killed, the insects were increasing more rapidly.They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases.　　
Now，the people are still poor.But in the evenings they sit in the village square and listen to sounds of insects and frogs.These sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning.　　
1.From Paragraph 1，we learn that the villagers_______
A.worked very hard for centuries　　
B.dreamed of having a better life　　
C.were poor but somewhat content　　
D.lived a different life from their forefathers
2.Why did the villagers agree to sell frogs 　　
A.The frogs were easy money.　　
B.They needed money to buy medicine.
C.They wanted to please the visitors.　
D.The frogs made too much noise.　　
3.What might be the cause of the children's sickness 　　
A.The crops didn't do well.　　
B.There were too many insects.　　
C.The visitors brought in diseases.　　
D.The pesticides were overuseD.　　
4.What can we infer from the last sentence of the text 　　
A.Happiness comes from peaceful life in the country.　　
B.Health is more important than money.
C.The harmony between man and nature is important.　　
D.Good old days will never be forgotten.
（三）
The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world's supply of water.With 97% of the world's water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture.Although the idea of a water shortage(短缺)seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world's agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.
Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution(重新分配)are very high.Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considereD.Where valleys(山谷)are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyeD.Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other.Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.　　
This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation (灌溉).In Texas, farmers' overuse of irrigation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores.In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys, but much of the water use has been poorly manageD.　　
Saudi Arabia's attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.　　
1.From the first two paragraphs we learn that____
A.much of the world's water is available for use　　
B.people in high rainfall countries feel lucky　　
C.the costs of water redistribution should be considered　　
D.water can be easily carried through pipes across the world　　
2.Which of the following is TRUE 　　
A.The water stores in Texas have been reduced by 75%.　　
B.Most industries in the world suffer from water shortages.　　
C.The underground water in Saudi Arabia might run out in 50 years.　　
D.Good management of water use resulted from the project in the Central Valley.　　
3.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows
A.Steps to improving water use management.　　
B.Ways to reduce the costs of building dams.　　
C.Measures to deal with worldwide water shortages.　　
D.Approaches to handling the pressure on water supply.　　
4.The text is mainly about_____.　　
A.water supply and increasing population　　
B.water use management and agriculture　　
C.water redistribution and wildlife protection　　
D.water shortages and environmental protection　　
二、人物传记类
（一）
Many people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile (汽车).But Henry Ford did not start to build his first car until 1896.That was eleven years after two Germans developed the world's first automobile.Many people believe Henry Ford invented the production line that moved a car's parts to the worker, instead of making the worker move to the parts.That is not true, either.Many factory owners used methods of this kind before ForD.What Henry Ford did was to use other people's ideas and make them better.And he made the whole factory a moving production line.　　
In the early days of the automobile, almost every car maker raced his cars.It was the best way of gaining public notice.Henry Ford decided to build a racing car.Ford's most famous race was his first one.It was also the last race in which he drove the car himself.　　
The race was in 1901, at a field near Detroit.All of the most famous cars had entered, but only two were left: the Winton and Ford's.The Winton was famous for its speeD.Most people thought the race was over before it began.　　
The Winton took an early leaD.But halfway through the race, it began to lose power.Ford started to gain.And near the end of the race, he took the leaD.Ford won the race and defeated the Winton.His name appeared in newspapers and he became well known all over the United States.Within weeks of the race, Henry Ford formed a new automobile company.In 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company.That_sale was the beginning of Henry Ford's dream.Ford said: “I will build a motor car for the great mass of people.It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for.It will be built of the best materials.It will be built by the best men to be employeD.And it will be built with the simplest plans that modern engineering can produce.It will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one.”　　
The Model T was a car of that kinD.It only cost $850.It was a simple machine that drivers could depend on.Doctors bought the Model T.So did farmers.Even criminals.They considered it the fastest and surest form of transportation.Americans loved the Model T.They wrote stories and songs about it.Thousands of Model T's were built in the first few years.　　
1.What do we know about Henry Ford from Paragraph 1
A.He made good use of ideas from others.
B.He produced the first car in the world
C.He knew how to improve auto parts.
D.He invented the production line.　　
2.Why did Henry Ford take part in the 1901 car race
A.To show off his driving skills.　　
B.To draw public attention.　　
C.To learn about new technology.　　
D.To raise money for his new company.
3.“That sale” in Paragraph 4 refers to _____.　　
A.the selling of Ford cars at reduced prices
B.the sale of Model T to the mass of people
C.the selling of a car to a Detroit doctor
D.the sales target for the Ford Company
4.What was Henry Ford's dream according to the text
A.Producing cars for average customers.　　
B.Building racing cars of simple design.　　
C.Designing more car models.　　
D.Starting more companies.　　
（二）
Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis was one of the most private women in the world, yet when she went to work as an editor in the last two decades of her life, she revealed (展现) herself as she did nowhere else.　　
After the death of her second husband, Greek shipping magnate (巨头) Aristotle Onassis, Jacqueline's close friend and former White House social secretary Letitia Baldrige made a suggestion that she consider a career(职业) in publishing.After consideration, Jacqueline accepted it.Perhaps she hoped to find there some ideas about how to live her own life.She became not less but more interested in reading.For the last 20 years of her life, Jacqueline worked as a publisher's editor，first at Viking, then at Doubleday, pursuing (追求) a late life career longer than her two marriages combineD.During her time in publishing, she was responsible for managing and editing more than 100 successfully marketed books.Among the first books were In the Russian Style and Inventive Paris Clothes.She also succeeded in persuading TV hosts Bill Moyers and Joseph Campbell to transform their popular television conversations into a book, The Power of Myth.The book went on to become an international best seller.She dealt, too, with Michael Jackson as he prepared his autobiography (自传)，Moonwalk.　　
Jacqueline may have been hired for her name and for her social relations, but she soon proved her worth.Her choices, suggestions and widespread social relations were of benefit both to the publishing firms and to Jacqueline herself.In the books she selected for publication, she built on a lifetime of spending time by herself as a reader and left a record of the growth of her minD.Her books are the autobiography she never wrote.Her role as First Lady, in the end,was overshadowed by her performance as an editor.However, few knew that she had achieved so much.　
1.We can learn from the passage that Jacqueline ____
A.became fond of reading after working as an editor
B.was in charge of publishing 100 books
C.promoted her books through social relations　　
D.gained a lot from her career as an editor
2.The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that ____
A.Jacqueline ended up as an editor rather than as First Lady　　
B.Jacqueline's life as First Lady was more colorful than as an editor　　
C.Jacqueline was more successful as an editor than as First Lady　　
D.Jacqueline's role as First Lady was more brilliant than as an editor　　
3.What can be inferred from the passage
A.Jacqueline's two marriages lasted more than 20 years.　　
B.Jacqueline's own publishing firm was set up eventually.　　
C.Jacqueline's views and beliefs were reflected in the books she editeD.
D.Jacqueline's achievements were widely known.
4.The passage is mainly _____.　　
A.an introduction of Jacqueline's life both as First Lady and as an editor　　
B.a brief description of Jacqueline's lifelong experiences　　
C.a brief account of Jacqueline's career as an editor in her last 20 years　　
D.an analysis of Jacqueline's social relations in publishing　　
（三）
Arthur Miller (1915—2005) is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century.Miller's father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary, drawn like so many others by the “Great American Dream”.However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early 1930s.　　
Miller's most famous play, Death of a Salesman, is a powerful attack on the American system, with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth.In Willy Loman, the hero of the play, we see a man who has got into trouble with this system.Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment: if he can't do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go.Willy is painfully aware of this, and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success.He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the enD.　　
When it was first staged in 1949, the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews, and it won the Tony Award for Best Play, the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.　　
Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury, Connecticut, on the evening of February 10, 2005, the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.　　
1.Why did Arthur Miller's father move to the USA 　　
A.He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.　　
B.He was attracted by the “Great American Dream.”　　
C.He hoped to make his son a dramatist.　　
D.His family business failed　　
2.The play Death of a Salesman_____
A.exposes the cruelty of the American business world　　
B.discusses the ways to get promoted in a company　　
C.talks about the business career of Arthur Miller　　
D.focuses on the skills in doing business　　
3.What can we learn about Willy Loman 　　
A.He treats his employer badly.　　
B.He runs the Wagner Company.　　
C.He is a victim of the American system.　　
D.He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.　　
4.After it was first staged, Death of a Salesman________.　　
A.achieved huge success　　B.won the first Tony Award　　
C.was warmly welcomed by salesmen　
D.was severely attacked by dramatists　
5.What is the text mainly about 　　
A.Arthur Miller and his family.　　
B.The awards Arthur Miller won.　　
C.The hardship Arthur Miller experienceD.
D.Arthur Miller and his best known play.　　
三、社会文化类
（一）
Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husband's income.So this year she did something more than a hobby: She planted vegetables in her yarD.For her first garden, Ms.Feeley has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of a variety of vegetables.The family's old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month.Last year, Ms.Rita Gartin kept a small garden.This year she has made it much larger because, she said, “The cost of everything is going up and I was looking to lose a few pounds, too; so it's a win win situation all arounD.”　　
They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy (经济), have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time.Others have increased the size of their existing gardens.Seed companies and garden shops say that not since the 1970s has there been such an increase in interest in growing food at home.Now many gardens across the country have been sold out for several months.In Austin, Tex., some of the gardens have a three year waiting list.
George
C.Ball Jr., owner of a company, said sales of vegetable seeds and plants are up by 40% over last year, double the average growth of the last five years.Mr.Ball argues that some of the reasons have been building for the last few years.The big one is the striking rise in the cost of food like bread and milk, together with the increases in the price of fruits and vegetables.Food prices have increased because of higher oil prices.People are now driving less, taking fewer vacations, so there is more time to garden.　　
1.What does the word “residents” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to 　　
A.chickens　　
B.tomatoes　　
C.gardens　　
D.people　　
2.Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular
A.More Americans are doing it for fun.
B.The price of oil is lower than before.
C.There's a growing need for fruits.　
D.The cost of living is on the rise.　　
3.Which of the following might be the best title for the text 　　
A.Family Food Planning　　
B.Banking on Gardening　　
C.A Belt tightening Move　　
D.Gardening as a Hobby　　
活费用，所以应选B项，bank作为动词是“存款”的意思。
（二）
While small may be beautiful, tall is just plain uncomfortable it seems, particularly when it comes to staying in hotels and eating in restaurants.　　
The Tall Persons Club Great Britain (TPCGB), which was formed six months ago to campaign for the needs of the tall, has turned its attention to hotels and restaurants.Beds that are too small，shower heads that are too low, and restaurant tables with hardly any leg room all make life difficult for those of above average height, it says.　　
But it is not just the extra tall whose needs are not being met.The average height of the population has been increasing yet the standard size of beds, doorways, and chairs has remained unchangeD.　　
“The bedding industry says a bed should be six inches larger than the person using it, so even a king size bed at 6′6″ (6 feet and 6 inches) is falling short for 25% of men, while the standard 6′3″ bed caters for less than half of the male population，” said TPCGB president Phil Heinricy，“Seven foot beds would work fine.”　　
Similarly, restaurant tables can cause no end of problems.Small tables, which mean the long legged have to sit a foot or so away from them, are enough to make tall customers go elsewhere.　　
Some have already taken note, however.At Queens Moat Houses' Caledonian Hotel in Edinburgh, 6′6″ beds are now put in as standard after requests for longer beds from taller visitors，particularly Americans.　　
1.What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign 　　
A.To provide better services.　　
B.To rebuild hotels and restaurants.　　
C.To draw public attention to the needs of the tall.　　
D.To attract more people to become its members.　　
2.Which of the following might be a bed of proper length according to Phil Heinricy
A.7′2″　　　　　　　　　　　
B.7′　　
C.6′6″　　
D.6′3″　　
3.What may happen to restaurants with small tables 　　
A.They may lose some customers.　　
B.They may start businesses elsewhere.
C.They have to find easy chairs to match the tables.
D.They have to provide enough space for the long leggeD.　　
4.What change has already been made in a hotel in Edinburgh 　　
A.Tall people pay more for larger beds.
B.6′6″ beds have taken the place of 6′3″ beds.
C.Special rooms are kept for Americans.
D.Guest rooms are standardizeD.　　
（三）
When milk arrived on the doorstep　　
When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep.His name was Mr.Basille.He wore a white cap and drove a white truck.As a 5 year old boy, I couldn't take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt.He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.　　
Of course, he delivered more than milk.There was cheese, eggs and so on.If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note －“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”－and place it in the box along with the empty bottles.And then, the buttermilk would magically appear.　　
All of this was about more than convenience.There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen.Mr.Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn't freeze.And I remember Mr.Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.　　
There is sadly no home milk delivery today.Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete.Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.　　
Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories.I took it home and planted it on the back porch (门廊).Every so often my son's friends will ask what it is.So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.　　
1.Mr.Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer____.
A.to show his magical power　　
B.to pay for the delivery　　
C.to satisfy his curiosity　　
D.to please his mother　　
2.What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy's house
A.He wanted to have tea there.　　
B.He was treated as a family member.
C.He was a respectable person.　　
D.He was fully trusted by the family.　　
3.Why does home milk delivery no longer exist 　　
A.Nobody wants to be a milkman now.　
B.It has been driven out of the market.　
C.Its service is getting poor.　　
D.It is forbidden by law.　　
4.Why did the author bring back home an old milk box
A.He missed the good old days.　　
B.He wanted to tell interesting stories.　
C.He needed it for his milk bottles.　　
D.He planted flowers in it.　　
附：参考答案和解析
一、生态环保类
（一）
1.C　细节理解题。从文章第二段可知，他因发现短时间降解塑料袋的方法而获奖，故答案选C项。　
2.B　推理判断题。从文章第四段中的“...exposing one plastic sample to dead bacteria as a control”可推断，他这样做的目的在于测试他的方法是否有效，所以答案为B项。　　
3.B　细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段中的“maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because microbes produce heat as they work”可知答案选B项。　　
4.C　推理判断题。从文章最后一段丹尼尔·伯德说的话可推知，他是从每天的工作中得到启发的，故答案选C项。
（二）
本篇文章为记叙文。主要讲述印度一个小村庄的人们在外乡人的诱导下为了追求金钱收益捕杀青蛙，结果破坏了生态平衡。意识到这个问题后，他们及时停止了捕杀，重新回到了宁静的乡村生活。　　
1.C　细节理解题。第一段中有“The people were poor.However, they were not unhappy.”和C项意思一致。　　
2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段的“This seemed like money for nothing.”句中for nothing 是“免费的”意思，说明青蛙容易得到，并能赚到钱，村民才答应卖。
3.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“They had been doing an important job—eating insects.Now with so many frogs killed, the insects were increasing more rapidly.They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases.”可以推断出庄稼收成不好，孩子生病与青蛙减少、害虫增多有关。　　
4.C　推理判断题。最后一句说明人们过度捕杀造成生态失衡，由此也影响了人类，因此，可以推断人与自然的和谐是重要的。
（三）
世界的可用淡水资源有限，但农业在利用水资源过程中存在不尽如人意之处，本文指出了其中的一些问题。　　
1.C　细节理解题，由文中第一段第二句“With 97% of the world's water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture...”可知A选项错误；由第一段第三句“...strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country...”可知B选项不合文意；第二段前两句指出水资源的重新分配的费用极高，一方面是水利过程本身的造价，另一方面也会对生态造成极大的破 坏，所以选项C正确，根据第二段第四句“...it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other.”可知D项不正确。　　
2.C　细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“...has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores.”可判断A选项不正确；由第一段最后一句可判断B选项错误；由文章最后一句“...fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.”可知C项正确。根据文章第三段最后一句可知D项不正确。　　
3.A　判断推理题。文章前面一部分主要是讲述农业在利用水资源过程中存在的问题，接下来应该是介绍加强水资源管理的方法和措施，所以A选项正确。　　
4.B　主旨大意题。由第一段第二句可知。
二、人物传记类
（一）
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段的“What Henry Ford did was to use other people's ideas and make them better”.可知，A项符合题意。　　
2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段的“In the early days of the automobile, almost every car maker raced his cars.It was the best way of gaining public notice.Henry Ford decided to build a racing car.Ford's most famous race was his first one.”可知，B项符合题意。　　
3.C　词义猜测题。由第四段画线单词前的一句“In 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company.”以及画线单词所在的一句可知，C项符合题意。　　
4.A　推理判断题。根据第四段的 That sale was the beginning of Henry Ford's dream.Ford said：“ I will build a motor car for the great mass of people...making good money will be unable to own one.”可知，A项符合题意。
（二）
1.D　细节理解题。由短文第一段中的“...she went to work as an editor in the last two decades of her life, she revealed herself as she did nowhere else”可推出她在自己的编辑事业中获益很大。故选D项。　　
2. C　细节理解题。根据画线句后面的“然而，很少有人知道她取得了这么多成就”可知，画线句的含义是：她作为第一夫人的角色最终在她作为编辑的出色表现前黯然失色。故选C项。　　
3.C　推理判断题。由最后一段倒数第三句“Her books are the autobiography she never wrote.”即她编辑的书籍就是她从来没有写过的自传。由此可知，她的观点和信仰都反映在她所编辑的书籍中。故选C项。　　
4.C　主旨大意题。由短文第一段中“...as an editor in the last two decades of her life...”以及整篇文章的叙述可知，本文主要介绍Jacqueline 生命中最后20年的编辑生涯。故选C项。
（三）
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Miller's father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary，drawn like so many others by the ‘Great American Dream’”可知，他父亲移居美国像其他许多人一样是受当年伟大的美国梦吸引。　　
2.A　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，这部戏剧对美国制度是一个抨击，它表现了咄咄逼人的做生意的方式以及坚信金钱和社会地位才是财富的象征。主人公 Willy陷入困境，然而生意场上残酷无情：如果他做不了，那么对老板而言，他就一无是处，他必须离开。故此部戏剧揭露了美国职场的残酷。　　
3.C　推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“Willy is painfully aware of this, and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success.He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the en
D.”可知主人公面对失败无所适从，无法面对现实，从而走向毁灭，成了美国资本主义制度下美国梦的牺牲者。故选C项。　　
4.A　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，这部戏剧自1949第一次搬上银幕就获得了“托尼戏剧音乐奖”、“纽约戏剧评论奖”、“普利策戏剧奖”三项大奖，获得极大的成功。因此A项正确。　　
5.D　主旨大意题。纵观全文不难看出本文主要介绍Arthur Miller 以及他的戏剧Death of a Salesman《推销员之死》。其他选项都不全面，只是文中叙述的一部分。故D项正确。
三、社会文化类
（一）
1.A　词义猜测题。根据前半句可知，这家的农舍变成了鸡舍，所以下个月要住进来的应该是“鸡”。　　
2.D　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“The cost of everything is going up”和第二段第一句中的“higher living costs and a falling economy”以及最后一段第三句中的“the striking rise in the cost of food like bread and milk，together with the increases in the price of fruits and vegetables”可以看出，种植蔬菜流行的原因是生活费用的提高。　　
3.B　主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，很多人种植蔬菜不仅是出于爱好，更重要的是为了节省生活费用，所以应选B项，bank作为动词是“存款”的意思。
（二）
1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话可知，这次活动的目的是引起公众对高个子的人的需要的关注。　　
2.B　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“Seven foot beds would work fine.”可知，床铺的合适长度是7英尺。
3.A　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，餐桌太小会使高个子的人们到别的地方去(吃饭)，也就是说，餐桌太小的饭店会失去一些客人。　　
4.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，爱丁堡的一家宾馆已经使用6英尺6英寸的床铺作为标准床铺，故选B项。
（三）
1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段最后可以看出，当时作者只是一个5岁的孩子，对送奶人腰带上的投币器很好奇，善良的送奶人把一枚硬币送给作者，是为了满足其好奇心，所以应选C项。　　
2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，家里人与送奶人之间关系很密切，送奶人甚至有家里的钥匙，由此推断送奶人得到了充分的信任，故选D项。　　
3.B　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，激烈的竞争和购买的便利使得送奶上门退出了市场，无法存在下去，故选B项。　　
4.A　推理判断题。由最后一段可以看出，作者有一种怀旧的心理，想念儿时的时光，感觉送奶人送来牛奶的同时，也带来了友谊，故选A项。

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