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高三二轮复习 七选五(石室安魂卷6-10)专项训练2
真题多维细目表
命题规律与备考策略：
Ⅰ.命题规律
主要考查对文章整体内容、结构及上下文逻辑的理解和掌握；
文章的体裁以说明文为主，记叙文为辅；
以考查细节句为主，以过渡句、主旨句为辅。
Ⅱ.备考策略：
多对文章结构进行分析，理清文章中句对句、段与段之间的逻辑关系；
进行一定量的针对性训练，掌握解题方法与技巧，提高该类题型的解答能力。
七选五(高2023届石室安魂卷6-10)再现：
卷6：
A group of scientists at Georgia Tech recently studied how elephants use sucking power when eating. Along the way, the scientists learned a number of other surprising things elephants can do with their trunks.
16 They weigh over 91 kilograms, but there are no bones in them. That helps explain how they can bend and twist, and be used in so many different ways.
Elephants use their trunks to breathe, to eat, and to make sounds. Though trunks aren’t connected to elephants’ stomachs, they are used to grab around 180 kilograms of food every day. 17 Elephants also use their trunks to suck up water to squirt(喷射) into their mouths or on their backs.
Elephants’ trunks are also strong enough to be used for fighting. They’re made of pure muscle. 18 The scientists wanted to learn more about how elephants’ trunks handle small things that don’t weigh much.
They studied African elephants at Zoo Atlanta. By watching how the elephants managed small bits of food, the scientists learned that the animals used suction. 19 Many people thought only certain kinds of fish used suction for eating.
20 If there were just a few cubes, the elephants would use their “fingers” to pick them up. But if there were 10 or more cubes, the elephants would “vacuum(用真空吸尘器清扫)” the cubes up with their trunk and then put them in the mouth.
A. That was news.
B. Elephants’ trunks are unbelievable.
C. Then they bring it to the elephants’ mouths.
D. They can lift items as heavy as 350 kilograms.
E. Elephants use their trunks just the way we use our hands.
F. Some tests show how strong an elephant’s suction can be.
G. The scientists gave the elephants small cubes of a vegetable.
卷7：
Do you have any friends or colleagues who are negative If so, you’ll know they aren’t the most enjoyable people to be around. I have some experience in dealing with negative people.
16 They likely have very firm views and aren’t going to change them just because of what you say. Whatever you say, they can find 10 different reasons to back up their viewpoint. You can give constructive comments, and if they argue with no signs of backing down, don’t go further.
Have you ever been annoyed by something before, and then been told to “relax” 17 Did you relax as the person suggested or did you feel even more worked up People who are negative (or upset for that matter) benefit more from a sympathetic ear than suggestions on what they should do. By helping them to address their emotions, the solutions will automatically come to them.
Some people’s negativity is triggered(引起) by certain topics. If they’re stuck in their negativity, the unhappiness may be too deeply rooted to address in a one-off conversation, or for you to help them ease it. Bring in a new topic to lighten the mood. A simple topic like new movies, daily occurrences and common friends makes for light conversation. 18
Negative people aren’t just negative about others. They’re also negative about themselves. You might already feel negative around them. 19 Why not lend a helping hand Think: What are the things they are good at What do you like about them Recognize the positive things and praise negative people for them. They will be surprised at first and might reject the praise, but on the inside they will feel positive about it. 20 And it’ll produce flowers in the long term.
A. How did you feel
B. Then imagine how they must feel all the time.
C. Then all the negativity will be directed to you.
D. Keep it to areas the person feels positive about.
E. Negative people don’t believe others’ viewpoint.
F. That’s the first seed of positivity you’re planting in them.
G. One thing that I learned is not to debate with negative people.
卷8：
Once you’re older, you start to realize that you have certain inborn talents, weaknesses, passions(激情) and dislikes. And you will think about what kinds of jobs you will be doing. 16 However, you could easily find yourself dissatisfied later on and stuck in a job that doesn’t make you happy at all. So you must figure out which career is best suited to you.
If you have a particular passion that makes you excited and satisfied, you should try and turn it into a profitable career. Doing something you are most enthusiastic about will keep you working hard and enjoying it. 17
It’s vital to know about yourself. 18 Make a list of your greatest abilities. List all the types of jobs you dream about having. Write down your long-term goals. You should try to think about the type of daily lifestyle you want, the amount of money you need to be content with and what your 5-year plan looks like.
Once you know yourself, you can begin the next step: Consider the working environment. 19 Also two things should be kept in mind. That is, consider your ideal work environment and what it would like; be as realistic as possible.
20 If you can narrow down the careers and/or jobs that you think might fit you, you should find out the types of education and experience it takes to break into those fields. In addition, get to know salaries, opportunities for career growth, typical benefits, others’ career plans related to the field and so on.
A. Therefore, do what you love.
B. Making a realistic career plan is necessary as well.
C. What’s more, you’re advised to do further research.
D. Don’t let anyone tell you what you should or shouldn’t do.
E. Think about what kind of office and work surroundings would fit you.
F. It’s attractive to look for a job simply because it brings in a high income.
G. You need to consider your own interests, strengths, weaknesses and goals.
卷9：
With schools closing and big events cancelled in Europe, your child probably has questions and concerns about COVID-19. That can be tough to talk about, but kids need to feel safe. 16 Here’re some tips from a family medicine physician on how to talk to children about COVID-19.
First of all, stay calm. 17 If you’re showing panic or anxiety, so will they. Instead, confirm their concerns to show that you understand why they might be nervous — and that a little nervousness is OK. It’s important for them to know that there’s no need to panic. Then talk calmly about what’s happening, and tell them people are working very hard to make things better.
18 One of the best ways to calm children is to let them believe they can protect not just themselves — but other people as well. Tell them that when they follow the rules for staying healthy, that helps other people stay safe since the child won’t be spreading the disease. This is their job — to do what they already know they should be doing to keep themselves and others healthy.
Meet children where they are. Very young children might not be asking any questions, and in that case there’s no reason to discuss the topic. 19 Be honest and don’t scare them or become alarmist. Limiting too much exposure to television reports and social media — especially the news that overstates the case — can help, since children usually have extremely active imaginations. 20
A. Help them feel like they are involved.
B. Kids can pick up on how you are feeling.
C. Encourage kids to give a hand as volunteers.
D. Children are more likely to feel their lives will be in a mess.
E. The biggest role of the trusted adults is helping them to do that.
F. They can even run toward something similar to the destruction of the world.
G. But don’t shy away from talking about what’s happening to those kids wanting answers.
卷10：
The general feel of your house will be determined by the decoration in place. Remodeling the house and adding new decorative touches is always a good idea, although that’s often easier said than done. Some professionals offer reasons why you should decorate your house. 16
If you’ve seen an increase in energy bills, the reason could be inefficiencies(低效能) in your home. Then decorating your house with environmentally friendly options is wise. 17 It could be as simple as adding an extra layer of material for keeping heat or changing window glass.
18 As a homeowner, you’ll obviously have ideas of how your home should look like and want to have some fresh touches. If you have the funds, there is no reason why you shouldn’t be making the changes. You can start by changing the door handles and the art on the wall.
You might find that you have extra space in the house. The extra room can be transformed into a study. The basement can be used as a media room for the whole family. 19 Whatever the reason for wanting to make changes, you shouldn’t hesitate when you feel it is necessary to do so.
As people say, there is no place like home. It is where you feel most comfortable. 20 The good thing about decoration is that it doesn’t have to be permanent. You can still make space of your own with just a few changes.
A. Get ready for decorating motivations below.
B. Follow these instructions to get a perfect house.
C. It all depends on what you’d want to do with it.
D. You don’t need a complete transformation to improve.
E. Both small details and big changes can make all the difference.
F. It’s therefore important to decorate it in a way that will bring relaxation.
G. Just because the kitchen still looks great doesn’t mean you shouldn’t make changes.
高三二轮复习 七选五(石室安魂卷6-10)专项训练2
真题多维细目表
命题规律与备考策略：
Ⅰ.命题规律
主要考查对文章整体内容、结构及上下文逻辑的理解和掌握；
文章的体裁以说明文为主，记叙文为辅；
以考查细节句为主，以过渡句、主旨句为辅。
Ⅱ.备考策略：
多对文章结构进行分析，理清文章中句对句、段与段之间的逻辑关系；
进行一定量的针对性训练，掌握解题方法与技巧，提高该类题型的解答能力。
七选五(高2023届石室安魂卷6-10)再现：
卷6：
A group of scientists at Georgia Tech recently studied how elephants use sucking power when eating. Along the way, the scientists learned a number of other surprising things elephants can do with their trunks.
16 They weigh over 91 kilograms, but there are no bones in them. That helps explain how they can bend and twist, and be used in so many different ways.
Elephants use their trunks to breathe, to eat, and to make sounds. Though trunks aren’t connected to elephants’ stomachs, they are used to grab around 180 kilograms of food every day. 17 Elephants also use their trunks to suck up water to squirt(喷射) into their mouths or on their backs.
Elephants’ trunks are also strong enough to be used for fighting. They’re made of pure muscle. 18 The scientists wanted to learn more about how elephants’ trunks handle small things that don’t weigh much.
They studied African elephants at Zoo Atlanta. By watching how the elephants managed small bits of food, the scientists learned that the animals used suction. 19 Many people thought only certain kinds of fish used suction for eating.
20 If there were just a few cubes, the elephants would use their “fingers” to pick them up. But if there were 10 or more cubes, the elephants would “vacuum(用真空吸尘器清扫)” the cubes up with their trunk and then put them in the mouth.
A. That was news.
B. Elephants’ trunks are unbelievable.
C. Then they bring it to the elephants’ mouths.
D. They can lift items as heavy as 350 kilograms.
E. Elephants use their trunks just the way we use our hands.
F. Some tests show how strong an elephant’s suction can be.
G. The scientists gave the elephants small cubes of a vegetable.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文，主题语境是“人与自然”。本文介绍了象鼻的神奇功能。
【词汇积累】trunk n. 象鼻；树干 grab v. 取，拿；抓住
suck v. 吸，吮，啜 handle v. 处理，应对 n. 把手
16. B【解析】本空是段落主旨句，本段其他句子都围绕本句来写，描述象鼻如何不可思议。故B项“大象的鼻子很不可思议”符合语境。
17. C【解析】空前说象鼻每天能抓取大约180公斤的食物，空后提到象鼻还可以吸水，因此本空应该还是讲象鼻的用途，故C项“然后它们把这些食物放在大象嘴里”符合语境。
18. D【解析】本段第一句提到象鼻足够强壮，可以用来打斗，再结合空前的“象鼻完全由肌肉组成”可知，D项“它们能举起重达350公斤的东西”符合语境。
19. A【解析】空前提到科学家发现大象凭借吸力来获取小块食物，空后提到很多人都以为只有某些种类的鱼凭吸力进食。由此可知，人们原来不知道大象可以凭吸力进食，因此对人们来说，这是新闻。故选A。
20. G【解析】根据空后内容可知，本段解释了两种大象获取食物的方式，空处应与此有关，故选G项。G项中的cubes与空后的cubes的对应关系亦是提示。
卷7：
Do you have any friends or colleagues who are negative If so, you’ll know they aren’t the most enjoyable people to be around. I have some experience in dealing with negative people.
16 They likely have very firm views and aren’t going to change them just because of what you say. Whatever you say, they can find 10 different reasons to back up their viewpoint. You can give constructive comments, and if they argue with no signs of backing down, don’t go further.
Have you ever been annoyed by something before, and then been told to “relax” 17 Did you relax as the person suggested or did you feel even more worked up People who are negative (or upset for that matter) benefit more from a sympathetic ear than suggestions on what they should do. By helping them to address their emotions, the solutions will automatically come to them.
Some people’s negativity is triggered(引起) by certain topics. If they’re stuck in their negativity, the unhappiness may be too deeply rooted to address in a one-off conversation, or for you to help them ease it. Bring in a new topic to lighten the mood. A simple topic like new movies, daily occurrences and common friends makes for light conversation. 18
Negative people aren’t just negative about others. They’re also negative about themselves. You might already feel negative around them. 19 Why not lend a helping hand Think: What are the things they are good at What do you like about them Recognize the positive things and praise negative people for them. They will be surprised at first and might reject the praise, but on the inside they will feel positive about it. 20 And it’ll produce flowers in the long term.
A. How did you feel
B. Then imagine how they must feel all the time.
C. Then all the negativity will be directed to you.
D. Keep it to areas the person feels positive about.
E. Negative people don’t believe others’ viewpoint.
F. That’s the first seed of positivity you’re planting in them.
G. One thing that I learned is not to debate with negative people.
【猜有所依】高考高频话题：社会服务与人际沟通是“人与社会”主题语境下的高考常考话题，比如2020全国II卷的七选五（表情符号在工作交流中的运用）。本篇七选五以如何与消极的人交往为话题，介绍了人际沟通技巧。
【解题导语】本文是说明文，主题语境是“人与社会”。本文作者介绍了与消极的人交往的经验。
【词汇积累】back down放弃（别人强烈反对的要求、主张等） worked up adj. 十分生气；异常兴奋
one-off adj. 一次性的，非经常的 make for 促成；向……移动
16. G【解析】根据空后的They可知，空处内容与消极的人有关；再结合空后内容可知，本段主要说明不要与消极的人争论。故选G“我学到的其中一件事就是不要和消极的人争论”。
【易错点拨】衔接不当——E项干扰性较大，因为它包含关键词Negative people和viewpoint，但是它与空后内容在语意上不连贯。
17. A【解析】根据空前的“Have you ever been annoyed… to ‘relax ’”和空后的“Did you relax… or did you feel even more worked up ”（你是像那个人建议的那样放松了，还是感觉更生气了？）可知，空处应与感觉有关，且承上启下。故选A“你感觉怎么样？”。
18. D【解析】根据空前的“A simple topic like new movies… makes for light conversation”（一个简单的话题，比如新电影、日常事件和共同的朋友，会让谈话轻松愉快）可知，空处仍与新话题有关，故选D“把话题保持在（能使）对方感觉积极的方面”。
19. B【解析】本段前两句提到消极的人不只对别人消极，他们对自己也消极。再结合空前的“You might already feel negative around them”可推知，空处应与消极的人对自己消极有关。故选B。
20. F【解析】根据最后一句“And it’ll produce flowers in the long term”（长期来看，它会开花的）可知，选F“那是你在他们心中种下的第一颗积极的种子”。选项中的seed与空后的flowers呼应。
卷8：
Once you’re older, you start to realize that you have certain inborn talents, weaknesses, passions(激情) and dislikes. And you will think about what kinds of jobs you will be doing. 16 However, you could easily find yourself dissatisfied later on and stuck in a job that doesn’t make you happy at all. So you must figure out which career is best suited to you.
If you have a particular passion that makes you excited and satisfied, you should try and turn it into a profitable career. Doing something you are most enthusiastic about will keep you working hard and enjoying it. 17
It’s vital to know about yourself. 18 Make a list of your greatest abilities. List all the types of jobs you dream about having. Write down your long-term goals. You should try to think about the type of daily lifestyle you want, the amount of money you need to be content with and what your 5-year plan looks like.
Once you know yourself, you can begin the next step: Consider the working environment. 19 Also two things should be kept in mind. That is, consider your ideal work environment and what it would like; be as realistic as possible.
20 If you can narrow down the careers and/or jobs that you think might fit you, you should find out the types of education and experience it takes to break into those fields. In addition, get to know salaries, opportunities for career growth, typical benefits, others’ career plans related to the field and so on.
A. Therefore, do what you love.
B. Making a realistic career plan is necessary as well.
C. What’s more, you’re advised to do further research.
D. Don’t let anyone tell you what you should or shouldn’t do.
E. Think about what kind of office and work surroundings would fit you.
F. It’s attractive to look for a job simply because it brings in a high income.
G. You need to consider your own interests, strengths, weaknesses and goals.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。未来规划是中学生日常探讨的一个热门话题，大家对未来的职业充满了憧憬。那么如何选择适合自己的职业呢？本文将为你支招，告诉你选择职业时应该注意的事项。
16. F【解析】考查过渡衔接句。本句与上一句构成顺承关系，与下一句构成转折关系，说明选择职业时高收入是一个诱人的因素，所以选F项。
17. A【解析】考查段落总结句。本段中的“passion”“excited and satisfied”“ most enthusiastic about”和“enjoying”都能透露出对某种工作的“喜爱”，本空位于段落结尾，应起到总结段落的作用，所以选A项（所以做自己喜爱的事吧）。
18. G【解析】考查细节支撑句。本句与下文是对本段主旨句“It’s vital to know about yourself”的展开说明，具体陈述如何了解自己，空处与下文中的“Make a list of your greatest abilities. List all the types of jobs you dream about having. Write down your long-term goals… 5-year plan looks like”应在语义上构成并列关系，所以选G项（你应该考虑你自己的兴趣、优势、弱势和目标）。
19. E【解析】考查细节支撑句。根据上文中的“you can begin the next step: Consider the working environment”可知，E项中的“work surroundings”指的就是前面提到的工作环境（working environment），所以选E项。
20. C【解析】考查主旨概括句。由本段中的“find out the types of education and experience it takes to break into those fields”和“get to know salaries, opportunities for career growth, typical benefits, others’ career plans related to the field and so on”可知，本段要说明的是要对所选择的职业作进一步的研究，所以此处选C项。
卷9：
With schools closing and big events cancelled in Europe, your child probably has questions and concerns about COVID-19. That can be tough to talk about, but kids need to feel safe. 16 Here’re some tips from a family medicine physician on how to talk to children about COVID-19.
First of all, stay calm. 17 If you’re showing panic or anxiety, so will they. Instead, confirm their concerns to show that you understand why they might be nervous — and that a little nervousness is OK. It’s important for them to know that there’s no need to panic. Then talk calmly about what’s happening, and tell them people are working very hard to make things better.
18 One of the best ways to calm children is to let them believe they can protect not just themselves — but other people as well. Tell them that when they follow the rules for staying healthy, that helps other people stay safe since the child won’t be spreading the disease. This is their job — to do what they already know they should be doing to keep themselves and others healthy.
Meet children where they are. Very young children might not be asking any questions, and in that case there’s no reason to discuss the topic. 19 Be honest and don’t scare them or become alarmist. Limiting too much exposure to television reports and social media — especially the news that overstates the case — can help, since children usually have extremely active imaginations. 20
A. Help them feel like they are involved.
B. Kids can pick up on how you are feeling.
C. Encourage kids to give a hand as volunteers.
D. Children are more likely to feel their lives will be in a mess.
E. The biggest role of the trusted adults is helping them to do that.
F. They can even run toward something similar to the destruction of the world.
G. But don’t shy away from talking about what’s happening to those kids wanting answers.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文，话题涉及当前社会热点。学校因新冠肺炎停课，那么为了消除停课在家的孩子的不安和忧虑，家长应该如何做呢？
16. E【解析】本题考查考生理解篇章布局，建立段内衔接关系的能力。本空位于第一段的段落中间。空前提到“kids need to feel safe”，空后提到家庭医生给家长一些建议，因此空处应涉及家长应起的作用，故E项“可靠的家长所能起的最大作用是帮助孩子消除不安和忧虑”。E项中的do that指空前的“feel safe”。
17. B【解析】本题考查考生理解段内衔接关系的能力。本空位于段落中间。这一段讲“保持冷静”，空后提到“如果你表现出恐慌或焦虑，你的孩子也会这样”，因此空处应跟情感表现相关，故B项“孩子们能感你所感”符合语境，空后是对B项的举例解释。
18. A【解析】本题考查考生理解篇章布局，建立段内和段际衔接关系的能力。本空位于段首。根据前后段的段首句均为祈使句的特点可知，空处也应是一个表示建议的祈使句，故答案从A、C和G项中选择。结合本段的具体内容“let them believe they can protect not just themselves — but other people as well”“when they follow the rules for staying healthy, that helps other people stay safe”“This is their job — to do what they already know they should be doing to keep themselves and others healthy”可知，本段主要讲述孩子们在这场战“疫”中能做的力所能及的事情，故A项“帮助他们感觉自己也参与其中”符合语境。
19. G【解析】本题考查考生理解段内衔接关系的能力。本空位于段落中间。这一段讲满足不同孩子的需要，空前提到很小的孩子可能不会问相关问题，家长也就没必要谈论这个话题，空后提到家长要诚实，不要吓他们或者变得危言耸听，故空处应涉及如何应对问问题的孩子，G项“但是对于那些想要答案的孩子，不要回避谈论正在发生的事情”符合语境。
20. F【解析】本题考查考生理解段内衔接关系的能力。本空位于段尾，要么总结本段内容，要么承接空前内容。空前提到“限制孩子们过多接触电视报道和社交媒体尤其是夸大情况的新闻会有帮助，因为孩子们通常有特别丰富的想象力”，故F项“它们甚至会奔向类似世界毁灭的事情”承接空前内容，符合语境。They指代前面的“imaginations”。
卷10：
The general feel of your house will be determined by the decoration in place. Remodeling the house and adding new decorative touches is always a good idea, although that’s often easier said than done. Some professionals offer reasons why you should decorate your house. 16
If you’ve seen an increase in energy bills, the reason could be inefficiencies(低效能) in your home. Then decorating your house with environmentally friendly options is wise. 17 It could be as simple as adding an extra layer of material for keeping heat or changing window glass.
18 As a homeowner, you’ll obviously have ideas of how your home should look like and want to have some fresh touches. If you have the funds, there is no reason why you shouldn’t be making the changes. You can start by changing the door handles and the art on the wall.
You might find that you have extra space in the house. The extra room can be transformed into a study. The basement can be used as a media room for the whole family. 19 Whatever the reason for wanting to make changes, you shouldn’t hesitate when you feel it is necessary to do so.
As people say, there is no place like home. It is where you feel most comfortable. 20 The good thing about decoration is that it doesn’t have to be permanent. You can still make space of your own with just a few changes.
A. Get ready for decorating motivations below.
B. Follow these instructions to get a perfect house.
C. It all depends on what you’d want to do with it.
D. You don’t need a complete transformation to improve.
E. Both small details and big changes can make all the difference.
F. It’s therefore important to decorate it in a way that will bring relaxation.
G. Just because the kitchen still looks great doesn’t mean you shouldn’t make changes.
【语篇类型】说明文 【主题语境】人与社会
【文章大意】房屋的装饰决定了居住的总体感觉，因此改造房屋并添加新的装饰是一个好主意，但是，这通常说起来容易做起来难。文章介绍了一些专业人员提供的人们应该装修房屋的原因，为其装修房屋提供动力。
16. A【解析】根据上文的“Some professionals offer reasons why you should decorate your house”和下文介绍的应装修房屋的原因可知，空处内容与装修房屋的原因或动机有关，且在文中起承上启下的作用，故A项符合语境。A项中的“decorating motivations”与上文的“reasons why you should decorate your house”的呼应关系亦是提示。
17. D【解析】上文提到家里有一些低效能设备、家庭能源账单增加时应该装修房屋，再结合下文的“It could be as simple as… window glass”可知，空处与装修时的注意事项有关，故D项“你不必进行全面改造来改进（房屋）”符合语境。
18. G【解析】根据下文可知，作为房主，你显然对你的家应该是什么样子有自己的想法，并想要一些新鲜的装饰。如果你有资金，你没有理由不去做出改变。你可以从更换门把手和墙上的艺术品装饰开始。G项“厨房看起来依然很棒并不意味着你不应该做出改变”既符合本段主旨，也与下文的“there is no reason why you shouldn’t be making the changes”呼应。
19. C【解析】上文提到“The extra room can be transformed into a study. The basement can be used as a media room for the whole family”，这些都是利用家里多余空间的方法，C项是对上文的总结，说明如何利用多余空间取决于你自己。C项中的“it”指代上文的“extra space”。
20. F【解析】根据上文可知，没有一个地方像家一样，那是让你觉得最舒服的地方。因此，空处内容应与房屋能使人感到舒适、放松有关，故F项“因此，以一种能给你带来放松的方式来装饰房屋是很重要的”符合语境。

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