资源简介

(共40张PPT)
Unit 5 Humans and Nature
Lesson 1 A Sea Story
重点单词
1．____________ n. 海浪；波涛
2．____________ vi. & vt. 逃离；逃避
3．____________ vi. & vt. 活下来；幸存
4．____________ n. 档案，卷宗
5．____________ n. 诗歌；作诗的艺术
6．____________ n. 灵魂
7．____________ adj. 受惊的，害怕的
wave
escape
survive
file
poetry
soul
frightened
重点单词
8．____________ adj. 可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的
9．____________ n. 边缘
10．____________ adj. 好奇的
11．____________ n. 观察；观察结果
12．____________ adj. 相等的；相同的
13．____________ n. 面积；长度；范围；程度
14．____________ n. 圆管，管子；（伦敦）地铁
horrible
edge
curious
observation
equal
extent
tube　　
重点词块
1．on the edge of… _________________________
2．be curious about _________________________
3．make observations _________________________
4．adapt from _________________________
在……的边缘；某事快要发生　
对……感到好奇　
做观察
根据……改编；改编自……　　
Background knowledge
whirlpool
a powerful current of water that spins around and can pull things down into it
observation
the process of watching something or someone carefully for a length of time
mystery
a situation that people do not understand or cannot explain because there is not enough evidence to explain it
Do you know any stories about people and the sea
《老人与海》
《海底两万里》
《少年派的奇幻漂流》
Activate and Share
Look at the pictures below. Use the words and phrases below to describe the pictures.
Activate and Share
a fisherman a fishing boat a whirlpool waves
to escape to survive a storm to float wild
Example A fisherman is trying to survive a storm.
You are going to read a text adapted from the short story “A Descent into the Maelstr m”. Read the fact file first. Then answer the questions.
Read and Explore
Fact File
Maelstr m: a powerful whirlpool in the sea or ocean.
Moskoe-strom: also known as Moskstraumen, is a system of tidal whirlpools in the Norwegian Sea, which is one of the strongest in the world. The term was first introduced into the English language by Edgar Allan Poe in 1841 through his short story “A Descent into the Maelstr m”.
Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) was an American writer, best known for his poetry and short stories, particularly his mystery tales.
Read and Explore
1 What is a “Moskoe-strom”
It is a system of tidal whirlpools in the Norwegian Sea.
2 Who wrote the story
Edgar Allan Poe wrote the story.
3 What do you think will happen in the story
You are going to read a text adapted from the short story “A Descent into the Maelstr m”. Read the fact file first. Then answer the questions.
About three years ago, something terrible happened to me. That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul. You think I am a very old man － but I am not. It took less than a single day to change my hair from black to white.
Read the text. Discuss the questions.
Read and Explore
One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others. All at once, the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm. A huge wave covered our boat and my younger brother fell into the sea. My elder brother put his mouth close to my ear and cried out “Moskoe-strom!” The moment I heard the word I became very frightened. I knew what he meant by that one word well enough.
Read the text. Discuss the questions.
Read and Explore
With the wind and waves, we were going in the direction of the whirlpool. We were hopeless. Nothing could save us. I felt sick, as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream. We went round and round, nearer and nearer to the horrible edge of the whirlpool. It may appear strange, but at that moment, when we were on the edge of the whirlpool, I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it. I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way, and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature. Suddenly, we went over the edge. I thought my life was over. But moment after moment passed, and I was still safe.
Read the text. Discuss the questions.
Read and Explore
The boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool and we were going round in circles at great speed. I saw clearly that there were other objects in the whirlpool — trees and barrels. After a while, I became curious about the whirlpool itself. I then made three important observations. The first, the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell; the second, between two objects of equal extent, round objects fell down less rapidly; and the third, between two objects of the same size, objects shaped like a tube fell down more slowly. So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float. I tried to make my brother understand, but he was too frightened and stayed in the heavy boat. Without waiting, I jumped into the sea to try and escape.
Read the text. Discuss the questions.
Read and Explore
As you can see, the reason why I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision. Some time after I left the boat, with my brother in it, it was pulled into the bottom of the whirlpool. Soon after that, the whirlpool became less wild. Then the sky was clear, the wind calmer, and the moon was shining. I was still tied to the barrel and the waves soon carried me to an area where the other fishermen were. In the end, a boat picked me up. I was very tired. The fishermen were my old friends, but they were unable to recognise me. When I told them my story, they did not believe it. Now I have told you, and I cannot expect you to believe me any more than the fishermen did.
Read and Explore
1 Who are the main characters in the story
The main characters are the fisherman and his brothers.
2 Who is telling the story
The fisherman is telling the story.
3 When and where did the story happen
This story happened about three years ago in the sea.
Read the text. Discuss the questions.
4 What effect did the terrible experience have on the storyteller
It broke his body and soul. ( It took less than a single day to change his hair from
black to white.
Read the story again. Complete the information in the boxes. Then add the storyteller’s feelings during each situation.
Read and Explore
When we were coming back from the islands, the sky ___________________________.
Then a huge wave ________________ and my younger brother ________________. My elder brother ___________ “Moskoe-strom!”
The storyteller’s feelings:
was covered with dark clouds
covered our boat
fell into the sea
cried out
frightened
The wind and the waves carried us ________________________________. Then, we were
________________ it. Suddenly, we __________________.
The storyteller’s feelings:
towards the direction of the whirlpool
on the edge of
went over the edge
hopeless
Read the story again. Complete the information in the boxes. Then add the storyteller’s feelings during each situation.
Read and Explore
The boat was on the inside of __________________ and we were going round ______________________. After I made three important observations, I tied myself to ______________________. I tried to make my brother ________________, but he was _____________________.
Soon afterwards, the whirlpool ________________. The waves soon carried me away and finally a boat _____________.
The storyteller’s feelings:
The storyteller’s feelings:
the huge whirlpool
in circles at great speed
a barrel to help me float
understand
too frightened to get it
calm
became less wild
picked me up
tired
Complete the illustration about how the storyteller overcame his fear and struggled to survive from the whirlpool. Then use the time words (when, suddenly, then, finally) to tell the story.
Read and Explore
The boat went in the direction of the whirlpool,
When the Moskoe-strom came,
At that moment, when they were on the edge of the whirlpool, he felt calmer than when they were moving towards it. Suddenly, they went over the edge, he thought his life was over.
When the boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool, he became curious about the whirlpool itself.
Then he became much calmer. He made three observations. He tied himself to a barrel to help him float. Without waiting, he jumped into the sea to try and escape.
Luckily, he made a right decision. Soon the whirlpool became less wild. Then the waves carried him to an area where the other fishermen were. In the end, a boat picked him up. He was very tired and felt relieved.
he felt frightened.
he was hopeless.
Read and Explore
1 What were the three observations the storyteller made
The three observations were: the large objects fell into the whirlpool quicker; and the round objects and tube-shaped objects did not go into the whirlpool as quickly.
2 Why did the storyteller survive while his elder brother didn’t
The fisherman survived because he was calm in the whirlpool and made clear observations. Based on the observation, he saved himself by tying himself to a barrel to help him float and jumped into the sea.
Group Work Think and share.
Read and Explore
Group Work Think and share.
4 What lessons have you learnt from the story Give your reasons.
From this story, we learn that staying calm is very important even when we are in an extremely dangerous situation. At the same time, we should observe what is happening and try to find out ways to escape from the danger.
3 What does the storyteller mean by “it took only six hours to break my body and soul”
The Moskoe-strom lasted six hours. This broke his body as the storm battered him about. It broke his soul as he lost two brothers in that time. The terror of the maelstr m has had a very negative effect on his mind and body, which he doesn’t think they will ever recover from.
Read and Explore
Group Work Think and share.
5 What is the story trying to say about the relationship between humans and nature
The story shows the following relationships between humans and nature:
Humans depend on nature.
Human power is so small compared with nature.
Humans may be destroyed by nature under certain circumstances.
Pair Work In English you get words with similar meanings (synonyms) or words with opposite meanings (antonyms). Find more pairs of synonyms and antonyms in the story. Discuss why such words are used.
Read and Explore
Synonyms
Antonyms
terrible — horrible
black — white
amazing — wonderful
cried out — shouted
frightened — scared
less — more
top — bottom
old — young
single — double
dark — light
edge — centre
calm — wild
Complete the summary with the information from the story.
Read and Explore
The storyteller experienced a Moskoe-strom which broke his 1____________. One day, he was out fishing with his two brothers when the sky suddenly clouded over and they were in 2_____________. A huge 3_____ covered the boat and his younger brother 4_______ the sea. The boat went over the edge into the 5________ and they went round in circles. The storyteller felt there was no escape but observed that round and 6_____ shaped objects of 7___________ fell down more slowly. So he 8___________________ to help himself float. He tried to make his elder brother understand, but he was too 9_________________________________. Finally, the storyteller 10__________ the storm.
body and soul
a terrible storm
wave
fell into
whirlpool
tube-
equal extent
tied himself to a barrel
frightened and stayed in the heavy boat
survived
Pair Work Read the sentences from the text. Underline the words that introduce relative clauses and circle the words that the relative clauses refer to.
Focus on Language：Relative Clauses (2)
1 That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul.
2 ... the reason why I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.
3 ... and the waves soon carried me to an area where the other fishermen were.
Pair Work Read the sentences below. and compare them. Which choice (a or b) do you think is better Why
Focus on Language：Relative Clauses (2)
1 a Is there a shop nearby I want to buy some sweets in the shop.
b Is there a shop nearby where I can buy some sweets
2 a We can go there on Sunday. Few people go to work on Sunday.
b We can go there on Sunday when few people go to work.
3 a He was so upset for some reason. He didn’t tell me the reason.
b He didn’t tell me the reason why he was so upset.
Why
Using relative clauses helps to make the sentences logically clearer and concise. Relative clauses can also help to omit repeated words and expressions.



Complete the sentences about yourself using relative clauses.
Focus on Language：Relative Clauses (2)
1 I’ll never forget the day _____________________________________________.
2 I was born in a city / town ___________________________________________.
3 I never know the reason _____________________________________________.
Pair work Prepare a story about something scary or unusual you experienced or you know and use relative clauses to tell it to your partner.
Express yourself
Example My story happened on a dark night when ...
知识拓展
Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) was an American writer, best known for his poetry and short stories, particularly his mystery tales.
Here are some of his best-known works:
Poetry:
To Helen
The Raven
Annabel Lee
Sonnet to Science
A Descent into the Maelstr m
《莫斯肯漩涡沉浮记》，是埃德加·爱伦·坡1841年发表的短篇小说，讲述了一个渔夫如何经历莫斯肯旋涡并生存下来的奇幻故事。
小说完整版： https://www./p-11787181309099.html
Short story:
Ligeia
The Fall of the House Usher
The Cast of Amontillado
经典句子
1. (P30) A fisherman is trying to ___________________.
渔夫正在努力从风暴中逃生。
2. (P31) I felt sick, _____________ I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.
我觉得恶心，好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。
3. (P31) ________________ I heard the word I became very frightened.
我一听到那个词我就吓坏了。
4. (P31) I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die ________________.
我开始想，以这种方式死去是多么地令人惊讶。
5. (P31) The first, _____________ the bodies were, _____________ rapidly they fell.
第一条： 身体越是庞大的人，下沉得越快。
The moment
the larger
in such a way
the more
as if
survive a storm
词汇精讲
1. (P30) A fisherman is trying to survive a storm.
渔夫正在努力从风暴中逃生。
例句1. Some strange customs ___________________ earlier times.
有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。
例句2. I can’t ______________ ￡40 a week (= it is not enough for my basic needs).
一星期40英镑，我无法维持生活。
例句3. He ______________ party leader until his second election defeat.
直至第二次参选失败他才不再担任党的领导人。
have survived from
survive on
survived as
（1）~ (from sth) / ~ (on sth) / ~ (as sth): to continue to live or exist 生存；存活；继续存在
survive vi. & vt. 活下来；幸存
词汇精讲
例句1. The company managed to ________________.
公司设法渡过了危机。
例句2. Many birds didn’t _______________________.
很多鸟死于这次严冬。
survive the crisis
survive the severe winter
survived
（2）to continue to live or exist despite a dangerous event or time 幸存；幸免于难；艰难度过
（3）to live or exist longer than sb/sth 比……活（或存在）的时间长
例句1. She _________ her husband _________ ten years.
丈夫死后她又活了十年。
by
【知识拓展】 survivor n. 幸存者　 survival n. [U]幸存；[C]残存物
词汇精讲
【针对练习】 单句语法填空
(1) After all, not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights _________ (survive).
(2) If he couldn’t find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of _______ (survive).
(3) The __________ (survive) of the earthquake often talks about his ____________(survive).
survivor
survival
survival
to survive
词汇精讲
2. (P31) The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.
我一听到那个词我就吓坏了。
例句1. A cry came from the ______________ child.
受惊的孩子发出一声哭喊。
例句2. She was ______________ what she saw.
她对看到的事情感到恐惧。
例句3. She was ____________________ into the swimming pool.
她害怕掉进游泳池。
frightened
frightened at
frightened of falling
~ (of sth/of doing sth) / ~ (to do sth) / ~ (that...): afraid; feeling fear 惊吓的；受惊的；害怕的
frightened adj. 受惊的，害怕的
词汇精讲
例句4. I am ___________________ out alone at night.
我不敢晚上一个人出去。
例句5. She was __________________ the plane would crash.
她害怕飞机会坠毁。
frightened to go
frightened that
【知识拓展】 frighten v. 使惊吓；吓唬　 frightening adj.令人恐惧的
① be frightened ____________ 对……感到恐惧
② be frightened ____________ doing sth 害怕做某事
③ be frightened ____________ sth 不敢做某事
at
of
to do
【用法总结】
词汇精讲
【针对练习】完成句子
(1) I ____________________ the sight of the snake.
看到那条蛇时我被吓坏了。
(2) I ________________________________ barks of the fierce dog.
听到那只凶猛的狗的叫声我吓坏了。
(3) He ________________________________ from the top of the tall building.
他不敢从那座高楼顶上往下看。
was frightened at
was frightened of hearing
was frightened to look down
句子精讲
3. (P31) I felt sick, as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.
我觉得恶心，好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。
例句1. It ______________ the boy has lost his way.
那个男孩好像迷路了。(陈述语气)
seems as if
（1）as if 在seem，look等系动词后可引导表语从句。
句中as if意为“好像，似乎”，引导方式状语从句，可由as though代替。
1〉as if从句用陈述语气的情况：
当从句所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。
（2）as if 引导的从句有语气上的变化：陈述语气 + 虚拟语气
句子精讲
would never stop
2〉as if从句用虚拟语气的情况：
当从句所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，用虚拟语气，其形式如下：
a．如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。
b．如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。
c．如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。
例句2. She talks and talks as if she ____________________.
她说了又说，好像永远停不下来。(虚拟语气)
句子精讲
4. (P31) The first, the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell.
第一条：身体越是庞大的人，下沉得越快。
“the＋比较级……， the＋比较级……”表示“越……，就越……”。
【句型讲解】
前面的“the＋比较级……”是条件状语从句，后面的“the＋比较级……”是主句。
两个“the＋比较级……”要分别放在两个句子的主谓结构之前，两句之间可以用逗号隔开。
该句型中，从句和主句的变化是同时进行的，即：主句的情况随着从句的情况而变化。
如果主句用一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时代替将来时。
当意思很明白时，两句常采用省略形式。
【例句学习】
例1. The more he eats, _________ he gets.
他吃得越多就变得越胖。
例2. ___________________, the better results you will get in the examination.
你越放松，考试的成绩就会越好。
例3. _____________________
越快越好。
句子精讲
The less you worry
the fatter
The sooner, the better.
词汇精讲
【针对练习】 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)The more we do for the people, the ____________ (happy) we will feel.
(2)The longer the war ____________ (last), the more the people there will suffer.
(3)The more she learns, _________________________.
她越学越想学。
(4)______________________________, the better your English will be.
你练习英语越多，你的英语就越好。
the more she wants to learn
The more English you practise
lasts
happier
Thank You

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