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（12）阅读理解——2022年中考英语真题专项汇编
1.（2022年北京）WHO IS YOUR ROLE MODEL
WHY
My role model is my neighbor Ms. Li. She is in her eighties now but she is still young at heart I often see her riding her bike in the park and she also spends time doing volunteer work. She helps me understand that people won’t be old if they still have a great love for life Adam I miss Mrs. White most after primary school. She was our math teacher and always patient with us. She helped us to work out the answers ourselves, no matter how difficult the questions were So Mrs. White is my role model, and I want to be a teacher like her in the future. Betty
Norman Bethune was a Canadian doctor. In 1938, Dr. Bethune came to China and helped treat the wounded. He often worked very hard without resting. Once, he managed to save over one hundred lives in sixty-nine hours. He is still remembered in both China and Canada today So he is my role model. Peter Yuan Longping is my role model. He is one of the greatest agricultural (农业的) scientists of our time. He worked hard to grow better rice to solve the problems of food shortage. It is sad that Mr. Yuan has left us, but his dreams are carried by many plant and agricultural researches. Emma
1. Who is Emma’s role model
A. Ms. Li. B. Mrs. White.
C. Norman Bethune. D. Yuan Longping.
2. What does Betty want to be in the future
A. A teacher. B. A scientist. C. A doctor. D. A volunteer.
3. What do we know about Ms. Li
A. She worked in a hospital. B. She solved the food problems.
C. She is old in age but young at heart. D. She is very patient with her students.
2. （2022年天津） Steve is James and John’s big brother. One day, when their mum left for work, James and John started crying. They didn't want her to leave. Steve tried to stop them crying and said, "Let's play hide-and-seek(捉迷藏). You hide and I'll count to ten. Then I'll try to find you." Steve found James under a chair and John behind a door. They played over and over again. Each time, the two boys hid in the same places. Finally, Steve felt too bored with the game. "Let's take the dog for a walk", he said.
When Steve walked the dog, he found James and John were running in the street. He thought it was so dangerous. Then he had an idea. "Anyone who walks back to the house with me can have some snacks!" Steve shouted.
At home, the boys ate some cookies and got ready for a sleep. James and John wanted a story. Steve told them the story about the little red hen. When their mum returned home, she was pleased to find the three sleeping boys.
1.James and John started ______ when their mum left home.
A.crying B.running C.reading D.sleeping
2.Where did James hide during the game
A.Under a table. B.Under a chair.
C.Behind a door. D.Behind a box.
3.Why did Steve feel bored with the game
A.Because he was not good at it.
B.Because he didn't know where to hide.
C.Because his brothers made the room dirty.
D.Because his brothers always hid in the same places.
4.What were James and John doing when Steve walked the dog
A.Staying in the house. B.Shouting at Steve.
C.Running in the street. D.Eating some snacks.
5.How did their mum feel when she found the sleeping boys
A.Angry. B.Pleased. C.Afraid. D.Sad.
3.（2022年重庆） A man gets out of his car. He rushes into a doctor's office "DOCTOR! Please help me! I think I must be seriously ill."
"Tell me what's wrong," the doctor says beside his desk.
"Everywhere I touch on my body, it hurts!" the man answers.
"Come on and sit on the chair. Please show me."
So the man touches his left foot and cries out of pain. Then he touches his right knee and cries, "Ouch." Then he touches his back and jumps out of the chair.
As he is about to continue, the doctor says, "That's enough. Let me see." After a while, the doctor says, "Oh, I know. Feel your finger."
1. The man thinks he must be ________.
A. seriously ill B. really heavy C. very healthy D. terribly thin
2. The doctor asks the man to sit ________.
A. in his car B. on the chair C. on the floor D. on the desk
3. The doctor finds the man probably breaks ________.
A. his foot B. his knee C. his back D. his finger
4.（2022年河南） Finally, you finish all your schoolwork and sit back in your chair. Suddenly you feel a headache and realize your eyes are painful. What's going on Doctors say that many students are spending too much time in front of screens, especially during online classes. The following might be of some help to you.
THE 20-20-20 RULE This gives your eyes a break from long screen time. It suggests looking at something at least 20 feet away for 20 seconds after 20 minutes of work on the screen. You can then continue working pain-free. ●Studies show that people blink(眨眼睛) less often when looking at a screen. Keep your eyes wet by blinking often or using eye drops.
●Sit up straight about an arm's length(长度) away from the screen. Make sure you're looking down at your screen. Stand up and exercise often to avoid neck and shoulder pain.
●What about blue light blocking glasses(防蓝光眼镜) They may look cool, but research shows that blue light isn't the biggest cause of eye tiredness. So ask doctors about computer glasses before putting them on.
1.Who is the text written for
A.Parents. B.Students. C.Doctors. D.Patients.
2.What are the key words in the 20-20-20 rule
A.20 minutes, 20 feet, 20 times. B.20 seconds, 20 times, 20 feet.
C.20 feet, 20 seconds, 20 minutes. D.20 times, 20 minutes, 20 seconds.
3.Which of the following best explains the meaning of the underlined sentence in the text
A. B.
C. D.
4.What is the text mainly about
A.The reasons for eye tiredness. B.The influence of online classes.
C.The importance of computer glasses. D.The suggestions about eye protection.
5.In which part of a magazine can you read the text
A.Health. B.Sports. C.Culture. D.Travel.
5.（2022年安徽）Antarctica
Weather Antarctica lies in the most southern part of the world. It is the coldest area on Earth. There isn't much rain, but there is a lot of snow and wind. The lowest temperature was on 21 July in 1983 at -89.2℃!
Population Nobody lives in Antarctica all the time! The first people to stay there for a while were fishermen in 1786. Now there are about 5,000 scientists and researchers there in the summer.
History of exploration(探险) During 1907-1909, British explorer Earnest Shackleton explored Antarctica on foot. In 1911, two explorers—a British man named Scott and a Norwegian named Amundsen—raced 1,400 kilometres to the South Pole(南极). Amundsen arrived first.
Animals and birds There aren't any large animals in Antarctica. Polar bears live at the North Pole. But there are a lot of penguins and seabirds. Every spring there are over 100 million seabirds in Antarctica.
1.When did the lowest temperature appear in Antarctica？
A.In1786. B.In1907. C.In1911. D.In1983.
2.Who first stayed in Antarctica for some time？
A.Fishermen. B.Scientists. C.Researchers. D.Explorers.
3.Where is Earnest Shackleton from？
A.Britain. B.Norway. C.The South Pole. D.The North Pole.
6.（2022年陕西） If someone is 2.57 meters tall, we would say this person is super tall. Can this person be the tallest on record
The tallest man in history was Robert Pershing Wadlow. He was 2.72 meters tall! When he was born, he was just like other babies. But as he was growing, he became unusual from other children. Let's take a look at the timeline of Robert's early years of life:
Childhood
1918 Robert Pershing Wadlow was born on February 22. He weighed a normal(正常的)3.9 kilograms. When he was six months old, he weighed 13.6 kilograms.
1919 When he was 18 months old, he weighed almost 30 kilograms.
1923 Robert went to kindergarten—the place like a school or class for children aged five. He was already 1.7 meters tall. He could wear the clothes of a 17-year-old boy.
1926 When Robert was eight years old, he was over 1.8 meters tall.
1927 Robert could carry his father up the stairs(楼梯) of their home.
1.How tall is the tallest person in history
A.2.57 meters. B.2.75 meters. C.2.27 meters. D.2.72 meters.
2.In which year did Robert weigh almost 30 kilograms
A.In 1919. B.In 1923. C.In 1926. D.In 1927.
3.Which of the following is TRUE
A.Robert was just like other babies at birth.
B.At the age of six, Robert weighed 13.6 kilograms.
C.Robert was 1.7 meters tall when he was eight years old.
D.In 1926, Robert could carry his father up the stairs.
7.（2022年广东） Imagine waking up to find a Cup of coffee ready and floor swept. With smart devices(装置) controlled by AI. All housework can be done while you are asleep.
Now your kids can try these devices at the small home, show in our community science center from August 1stto August 14th. Here in the center we have many fun activities. Children can also try out cleaning robot Little Q. It is a cute robot with a round head, two big eyes and two long legs. It's like a big toy. Your children will love it.
Opening Hours: 1:00 p.m.-9:00 p.m, from Tuesday to Sunday, closed on Monday.
Visitors: People of all ages are welcome. Children under 12 should come along with their parents. No pets are allowed.
Food & Drinks: No outside food or drinks. Visitors can buy food and drinks in the center.
Tickets: Please call 769520 to book a ticket. Kindly note that You CAN'T book a ticketon our website or through e-mail. And it is NOT possible to buy a ticket at our ticket office as it is closed.
1. What can the smart devices in Paragraph 1do
A. Farming. B. Business. C. Housework. D. Schoolwork
2. What does Little Q look like
A. B.
C. D.
3. When can a visitor enter the science center
A. On Monday morning, B. On Sunday morning.
C. On Monday afternoon. D. On Sunday afternoon
4. Who can be allowed to visit the center
A. A man with a cat. B. An 8-year-old boy alone.
C. A man with his 3-year-old son. D. A girl with food from outside.
5. How can a visitor book a ticket
A. By making a phone call. B. By sending an e-mail.
C. By visiting the website. D. By going to the ticket office.
8. （2022年江西） Why is the sea salt Long before we discovered scientific ways of thinking about it, we explained it in a story. Even though the answer isn't scientific, it holds some other truth in it—especially about the human heart.
Long ago, a poor old couple lived on the coast. One day, an old storyteller came to their village. The old couple gave him a meal. In return, he gave them a coffee mill(磨粉机) and said , "Say, 'Mill, please grind(磨粉)'," and it'll make whatever you want, to stop it, say 'Mill, please cease(停止) grinding'."
Soon the old couple had a much better life. They'd been happy people, and they didn't need much more. But the young couple next door were never satisfied. When they saw the old couple wearing good clothes and buying good food, they burnt with envy(羡慕). So one day, the young husband went to the old couple's house secretly and heard, "Mill, please grind hot chocolate!" He was surprised to see it coming out.
Then the young couple stole the mill from the old couple. With it, they rode a horse and set off down the coast, where no one would know them. Along the way, the husband showed proudly and asked, "What do you want it to make " "Oh, I don't know. Why not salt " the wife said. "Mill, please grind salt!" he said. "It works!" the wife shouted. But then they noticed the salt went everywhere.
"Make it stop," the wife said. But the husband didn't know how. "Mill, please stop grinding! Please, no more!" His words didn't work. The mill kept grinding. Finally, the young husband threw the mill into the sea as far as he could.
And there it's been, for hundreds of years, endlessly grinding salt. That's why the sea is salt.
1.The passage is probably a(n) ______.
A.folk story B.instruction
C.science fiction D.science report
2.Put the things happened to the mill in correct order.
a.It began to produce salt.
b.The young husband threw it.
c.The young couple stole it.
d.The old couple got it.
A.b-d-a-c B.b-a-d-c C.d-a-c-b D.d-c-a-b
3.What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refer to
A.The coffee. B.The horse. C.The mill. D.The chocolate.
4.How did the young husband's feelings change
A.sorry—sad—excited B.thirsty—excited—afraid
C.happy—nervous—proud D.surprised—thankful—happy
5.What does the word "truth" in Paragraph 1 imply(暗指)
A.Being patient. B.Working properly.
C.Being satisfied. D.Listening carefully.
9.（2022年福建）Welcome to School Dance Club
Are you tired of sitting too long Do you want to be healthier Join the School Dance Club and move your body!
Choices of dances: folk, modern, pop, etc.
Levels of difficulty: Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3
Teachers:
Helen White
—13 years of teaching experience
—Graduated from International Master Dance School
John Smith
—First prize winner of "Dancers on Stage" for 4 years starting from 2016
Ken Power
—Skilled in different kinds of dance, especially in "fusion(融合)" dance
Who to join: Aged 12~15
If you would like to be one of us, please kindly fill in the form and send it to Maria Cooper's office before 18th March.
1.The Dance Club best suits those who want to ____.
A.be healthier B.be quiet C.sing folk songs D.learn pop music
2.How many levels of difficulty does the Dance Club offer
A.1. B.2. C.3. D.4.
3.If you want to learn "fusion" dance, you can choose _____.
A.Helen White B.John Smith C.Ken Power D.Maria Cooper
4.Who can join the Dance Club
A.Teachers with rich experience. B.Teachers good at dancing.
C.Students aged 10. D.Students aged 13.
5.The text is probably a _____.
A.poster B.diary C.poem D.report
10.（2022年吉林）Jilin Province lies in the northeast of China. It's a good place to e and have fun!
"Red Trip" in Tonghua Tonghua is a good choice to have a "red trip". It is a place full of "red stories". The well-known national hero Yang Jingyu once fought here. Experience the "red spirit"!
Mount Changbai Mount Changbai is a famous mountain at home and abroad. There is a mysterious(神秘的) lake—Tianchi, a national park and some beautiful waterfalls. Enjoy the beauty of nature!
Jilin Rime(雾松) The rime dresses up the winter of Jilin City. Tourists walk along the Songhua River to enjoy the fantastic rime. Leave your footmarks on the wonderland!
Yanbian Food Yanbian is famous for the local food. Tourists can find the special food like cold noodles and rice cake here. For foodies(美食家), Yanbian is the best place to visit. Just have a taste!
1.We will learn about the ______ in Tonghua.
A.special food B."red spirit" C.fantastic rime D.beautiful waterfalls
2.There is a mysterious ______ in Mount Changbai.
A.lake B.river C.park D.waterfall
3.If tourists want to enjoy the rime, they can go to Jilin City in ______.
A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter
4.For foodies, ______ is possibly the best place to taste the local food.
A.Mount Changbai B.Jilin City C.Yanbian D.Tonghua
5.The passage above probably comes from a ______.
A.medical report B.thank-you note C.travel magazine D.science fiction
11. （2022年河北） Last year I had a trip with my friend, Nancy. The weather was cloudy except for one night. Nancy and I sat in the field and we felt relaxed. We talked about the fantastic trip, looking at the stars. "It's a pity we don't know which stars we're looking at, Jenny," said Nancy. "I know some of them," I answered. Nancy felt surprised when I finally finished telling her all the names I knew.
My interest in stars began when I was eight. My aunt took me to a planetarium (天文馆). A guide showed us the groups of stars and told us stories about how they got their names. The stories were wonderful.
Everyone knows we can see the stars better when it's not cloudy, but lots of people don't realize that a bright moon also stops us seeing very much. I always look for the Plough(北斗星), because once I see that, I can find the North Star and other stars.
I wanted to learn more about the stars, so I took a course at the club. There are so many lights in the city that we have to go into the countryside to sec any stars. I'm planning to make videos about stars in the countryside. I'll post them online for everyone to watch. My greatest dream is to be an astronaut(宇航员) and I wish I could have a space travel.
1. How did Nancy feel after Jenny told her the names of stars
A.Relaxed. B.Surprised. C.Angry. D.Wonderful.
2. What is Jenny planning to do
A.Have a space travel. B.Take courses online.
C. Make videos about stars. D. Give a talk about names.
3. Which of the following would Jenny probably agree with
A. Students should move to the countryside.
B. Children's favorite hobby is to write stories.
C. The best place to watch stars is the city center.
D. A bright moon may stop people seeing very much.
答案以及解析
1.答案：1-3 DAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第四个框中的"Yuan Longping is my role model"可知, 艾玛的榜样是袁隆平, 故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第二个框中的"So Mrs. White is my role model, and I want to be a teacher like her in the future"可知, 贝蒂将来想成为一名教师, 故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第一个框中的"My role model is my neighbor Ms. Li. She is in her eighties now but she is still young at heart"可知, 李女士年龄大但心不老, 故选C。
2.答案：1-5 ABDCB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"One day, when their mum left for work, James and John started crying"可知, 当妈妈去上班时, 詹姆斯和约翰哭了起来。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Steve found James under a chair"可知, 詹姆斯藏在了椅子下面, 故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Each time, the two boys hid in the same places. Finally, Steve felt too bored with the game"可知, 因为两个弟弟每次都藏在同样的地方, 所以史蒂夫觉得捉迷藏很无聊, 故选D。
4.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"When Steve walked the dog, he found James and John were running in the street"可知, 当史夫遥狗的时候, 詹姆斯和约翰在街上跑来跑去, 故选C。
5.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"When their mum returned home, she was pleased to find the three sleeping boys"可知, 妈妈回家看到睡着的孩子们时感到很高兴, 故选B。
3.答案：1-3 ABD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"I think I must be seriously ill"可知 A。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Come on and sit on the chair"可知选B。
3.推理判断题。根据文章的最后一句可推知, 医生认为这个男人很可能是手指受伤了。故选D。
4.答案：1-5 BCDDA
解析：1.推理判断题。根据文中的"you finish all your schoolwork"可推知, 本文是写给学生的, 故答案为B。
2.细节理解题。根据THE 20-20-20 RULE中的"looking at something at least 20 feet away for 20 seconds after 20 minutes of work on the screen"可知, "20-20-20"法则的关键词是"20英尺"、"20秒钟"和"20分钟", 故选C。
3.图文转换题。画线句表示"坐直并与屏幕保持大约一臂的距离", 由此可知, 应选D。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 本文针对如何保护眼睛提出了一些建议, 故选D。
5.推理判断题。本文的话题是"保护眼睛", 与健康有关, 故答案为A。
5.答案：1-3 DAA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据Weather描述中的"The lowest temperature was on 21 July in 1983"可知答案为D。
2.细节理解题。根据Population描述中的"The first people to stay there for a while were fishermen in 1786"可知答案为A。
3.细节理解题。根据History of exploration(探险)描述中的"British explorer Earnest Shackleton"可知答案为A。
6.答案：1-3 DAA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"The tallest man in history was Robert Pershing Wadlow. He was 2.72 meters tall"可知答案为D。
2.细节理解题。根据1919年对应的描述"When he was 18 months old, he weighed almost 30 kilograms"可知答案为A。
3.正误判断题。根据第二段中的"When he was born, he was just like other babies"可知A项的表述正确。
7.答案：1-5 CDDCA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文中的"With smart devices(装置) controlled by AI, all housework can be done while you are asleep"可知答案为C。
2.图文转换题。根据文中的"Children can also try our cleaning robot Little Q. It is a cute robot with a round head, two big eyes and two long legs"可知, 小Q有圆圆的脑袋, 一双大眼睛和两条长长的腿, 故答案为D。
3.细节理解题。根据文中的"Opening Hours: 1:00 p.m.-9:00 p.m. from Tuesday to Sunday, closed on Monday"可知D项符合题意。
4.细节理解题。根据文中的"Visitors: People of all ages are welcome. Children under 12 should come along with their parents. No pets are allowed"及"Food & Drinks: No outside food or drinks"可知, C项"带着3岁儿子的男士"可以参观该中心。
5.细节理解题。根据文中的"Tickets: Please call 769520 to book a ticket"可知A项符合题意。
8.答案：1-5 ADCBC
解析：1.推理判断题。本文主要讲了一个关于海水为什么是咸的的故事, 由此可推知文章可能是一则民间故事。故选A。
2.细节理解题。通读第二段到第四段可知, 正确的顺序是D项。
3.代词指代题。画线的词是it, 根据画线词前的" 'Mill, please grind salt!' he said. 'It works!' the wife shouted. But then they noticed the salt went everywhere"可知, 此处是想要让磨粉机停下来, it指代the mill。故选C。
4.推理判断题。根据第三段中的"When they saw the old couple wearing good clothes and buying good food, they burnt with envy(羡慕)"可推知, 这个年轻的丈夫一开始羡慕老夫妻俩, 渴望过上像老夫妻俩那样的生活; 由第四段中的"Along the way, the husband showed it proudly"可知, 这个年轻的丈夫偷到磨粉机之后很激动; 由第四段中的"Finally, the young husband threw the mill into the sea as far as he could"可知, 磨粉机一直产盐, 这让这个年轻的丈夫很害怕, 他把磨粉机扔进了海里。故这个年轻的丈夫的情感变化是"thirsty—excited—afraid"。故选B。
5.推理判断题。根据第三段中的"Soon the old couple had a much better life...were never satisfied"可知, 故事中的老夫妻俩很知足, 所以生活幸福, 而年轻夫妻不知足, 偷了磨粉机后也没能如愿, 由此可推知truth暗指"要知足"。故选C。
9.答案：1-5 ACCDA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文中的"Are you tired of sitting too long Do you want to be healthier"可知, 这个俱乐部最适合那些想要变得更健康的人, 故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据文中的"Levels of difficulty: Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3"可知, 该舞蹈俱乐部的舞蹈分为三个难度等级, 故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据Ken Power介绍中的"Skilled in different kinds of dance, especially in 'fusion(融合)' dance"可知答案为C。
4.细节理解题。根据文中的"Who to join: Aged 12~15"可知, 12至15岁的学生可以加入该舞蹈俱乐部, 故选D。
5.推理判断题。通读全文可知, 本文主要介绍了校舞蹈俱乐部的相关信息, 其目的是招募新成员。由此可推知, 本文很有可能是一则海报。故选A。
10.答案：1-5 BADCC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据"Red Trip" in Tonghua下的"Experience the 'red spirit' "可知, 答案为B。
2.细节理解题。根据Mount Changbai下的"There is a mysterious(神秘的) lake—Tianchi"可知, 答案为A。
3.细节理解题。根据Jilin Rime(雾松)下的"The rime dresses up the winter of Jilin City"可知, 答案为D。
4.细节理解题。根据Yanbian Food下的"For foodies(美食家), Yanbian is the best place to visit"可知, 答案为C。
5.推理判断题。根据文中的"It's a good place to e and have fun"可推知, 本文很可能出自一本旅行杂志, 故选C。
11.答案：1-3 BCD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Nancy felt surprised when I finally finished telling her all the names I knew"可知, 答案为B。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段中的"I'm planning to make videos about stars in the countryside"可知, 答案为C。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"lots of people don't realize that a bright moon also stops us seeing very much"可知, 答案为D。
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