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2023届全国中考阅读理解热点话题 真题训练：科普说明文
动物和植物（解析版）
1.（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）
The blue whale (鲸) is the largest animal alive today. And one of these whales has been caught making a big journey through the South Pacific. The whale was first recorded near the Galapagos Islands, west of Costa Rica. Years later, that same whale was photographed off the coast of Chile in South America, a new study reports. The two places are separated by about 5,200 kilometers. That means the whale, nicknamed Isabella, swam farther than the distance between New York and Los Angeles.
Blue whales are found in all the world’s oceans but live in deep waters. So there are few places where they can be found easily. What’s more, they were nearly driven by whaling a century ago. Populations are increasing. But because there are so few of the animals, they are still considered endangered.
One blue whale may look like any other to the untrained eye. But each animal has special spots (斑点). “We use those spots as the fingerprints of blue whales,” Torres Florez says. To make the comparison job easier, scientists focus on the area around a whale’s dorsal fin (鳍), which is on its back. “Comparing those spots we are able to tell if a whale is the same whale we saw in different places or if the same whale is seen during different years in the same place,” he says.
Isabella is probably not the only blue whale to travel so far, the researchers say. Members of her population likely migrate regularly from Chile to the Galapagos. In summer months, Torres Florez notes, waters in the far southern Pacific are loaded with krill, but that food disappears in winter. That’s when the whales travel north to warm, tropical (热带的) waters near the Galapagos. There, instead of feeding, the whales produce babies. Scientists don’t yet know why whales prefer to produce babies in tropical locations. But the ocean there may be warmer and calmer and have fewer killer whales that would feed on baby blue whales, Torres Florez says.
1．What can we infer about blue whales in Paragraph 2
A．They are no longer at the risk of dying out.
B．It’s difficult for scientists to study them.
C．They can’t live well in a new environment.
D．It is common for people to see them worldwide.
2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．How to study blue whales.
B．The spots of blue whales.
C．How to find out the exact blue whale.
D．The habits and lifestyle of blue whales.
3．What does the underlined word “migrate” mean
A．演变 B．分离 C．迁徙 D．繁殖
4．According to Torres Florez, whales prefer to produce babies in tropical waters probably because ________.
A．there is enough food for baby blue whales
B．they don’t have enemies there
C．it’s easy for them to find a mate there
D．it’s easy for baby blue whales to remain alive there
5．In which part of a newspaper would you probably read the passage
A．Traditional Custom.
B．Job Wanted.
C．School Life.
D．Nature.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇关于蓝鲸的科普文章，向我们介绍了蓝鲸的一些知识。
1．推理判断题。根据“Blue whales are found in all the world’s oceans but live in deep waters. So there are few places where they can be found easily.”及第二段全段内容可知，蓝鲸很难被发现，所以科学家很难研究它们。故选B。
2．主旨大意题。根据第三段可知，本段介绍了蓝鲸的外貌特征，便于进行寻找，即如何找出确切的蓝鲸。故选C。
3．词句猜测题。根据“Members of her population likely migrate regularly from Chile to the Galapagos. In summer months, Torres Florez notes, waters in the far southern Pacific are loaded with krill, but that food disappears in winter.”可知，它们可能定期从智利迁移到加拉帕戈斯群岛。托雷斯·弗洛雷斯指出，在夏季，南太平洋遥远的水域盛产磷虾，但冬季这些食物就会消失。migrate表示“迁徙”。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“Scientists don’t yet know why whales prefer to produce babies in tropical locations. But the ocean there may be warmer and calmer and have fewer killer whales that would feed on baby blue whales”可知，因为小蓝鲸很容易在热带水域存活。故选D。
5．推理判断题。本文是一篇关于蓝鲸的科普文章，向我们介绍了蓝鲸的一些知识。可能来自报纸的自然部分。故选D。
2、（2022·浙江台州·统考中考真题）
①Would you like to get fewer colds and feel better Would you like to have a taste of a special plant Would you like to keep a plant with little care An Aloe Vera plant could be just what the scientists may suggest!
②Growing Aloe Vera plants at home can make the air clean and fresh. Studies have shown that they give off oxygen(O ) and take away harmful things from the air. With clean and fresh air, you are more likely to stay away from colds, sore throats and dry coughs. And even if you do get sick, Aloe Vera plants may help you get better from the illness faster.
③Did you know that Aloe Vera plants can be used as medicine Aloe Vera gel(胶体) helps to deal with the pain of burns. And it also helps with itchiness(痒) caused by insect bites. To get this gel, just cut off a part of the plant, peel it, and put the gel on the affected skin(患处). This easy-to-get and safe-to-use medicine is available to you all year round.
④Apart from medical use, Aloe Vera plants are also popular in food industry. Whether you are interested in Aloe juice or crazy about Aloe yogurt, you’ll easily find them in the supermarket. Aloe Vera can also go with other vegetables to make a safe dish on your dinner table.
⑤ ▲ They like dry, warm air with bright light, so they grow best when placed near a window. Aloe Vera plants are able to keep water in their leaves. So, they do not need to be watered so often as most houseplants. Just wait until the earth is completely dry before you water them. When watering, make sure the earth is wet enough so that it can last for a long time. That’s all you need to do to to take care of an Aloe Vera plant. Isn’t it the perfect plant for lazy and forgetful gardeners.
6．In Paragraph 1, the writer leads into the topic by ________.
A．telling stories B．listing numbers
C．giving examples D．asking questions
7．What are the uses of Aloe Vera gel as medicine in Paragraph 3
a. It’s good for eyes. b. It stops nosebleed.
c. It helps with the itchiness. d. It helps people lose weight.
e. It deals with the pain of burns.
A．c,e B．a,b C．b,d D．a,d
8．Which of the following can be the best to fill in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 5
A．Aloe Vera plants help you improve memory.
B．Aloe Vera plants are very easy to take care of.
C．Aloe Vera plants can serve as a delicious dish.
D．Aloe Vera plants are good-looking houseplants.
9．The structure of the passage may be ________.
A． B． C． D．
【答案】6．D 7．A 8．B 9．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍为什么适合养芦荟。
6．推理判断题。分析第一段内容可知，作者以问题的方式引出主题，故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据“Aloe Vera gel(胶体) helps to deal with the pain of burns. And it also helps with itchiness(痒) caused by insect bites.”可知，芦荟凝胶有助于处理烧伤的疼痛，它还有助于缓解蚊虫叮咬引起的瘙痒。故选A。
8．推理判断题。根据横线后内容，尤其是“Isn’t it the perfect plant for lazy and forgetful gardeners.”可知，芦荟非常好养，不需要太多的照料，故选B。
9．篇章结构题。第一段以问题的形式引出主题；第二、三、四、五段分别介绍养芦荟的优势和好处，故选B。
3.（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）
Can you imagine a world without insects Without ants or flies in your house, it might sound great. However, the results may be out of imagination.
The number of insects has dropped by half in the past few years, according to a British biologist Dave Coulson. You may think small insects are not important. But in fact they are the main part of the species(物种)on Earth.
Insects are indeed on the way to extinction, according to the first review of insect population. The researchers say the main reason for this is the use of pesticides(杀虫剂)because they destroy insects’ living areas. Also, weather change is another important cause.
“Unless we change our ways of producing food, insects will go down the way to extinction in a few years,” the researchers wrote in the review. “This will have huge influences on the planet’s ecosystem(生态系统).”
We need insects to pollinate(授粉)crops. They also break down(分解)dead plants and animals, which can keep the soil healthy. Without insects, many animals would have nothing to eat and die of hunger. Then, the ecosystem would be off balance.
“If the number of insect species keep dropping, this will have bad influences on both Earth’s ecosystem and the survival of us humans,” said one of the writers of the review.
“The first step to stop this is to let more people understand the values of the natural world,” he suggests. “The best place to start is from our children, who should realize environmental protection from an early age.”
10．The underlined word “extinction” means “________”.
A．pollution B．death C．harm D．protection
11．Paragraph 5 is mainly about ________.
A．the reason for producing food B．the problem of animals and plants
C．the way to keep soil healthy D．the importance of insects
12．From the passage, we can know ________.
A．insects may destroy the balance of the ecosystem
B．ants and flies are the main part of the species on Earth
C．humans’ actions influence the number of insects
D．weather change has little influence on insects
【答案】10．B 11．D 12．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了在过去几年里，昆虫数量下降了一半以及昆虫的重要性。
10．词义猜测题。根据“The researchers say the main reason for this is the use of pesticides (杀虫剂) because they destroy insects’ living areas. Also, weather change is another important cause.”（研究人员说，造成这种情况的主要原因是使用杀虫剂，因为它们会破坏昆虫的生活区域。此外，天气变化也是另一个重要原因。）可知杀虫剂和天气变化会导致昆虫死亡，所以extinction和death意思相近，故选B。
11．段落大意题。根据“We need insects to pollinate (授粉) crops. They also break down (分解) dead plants and animals, which can keep the soil healthy. Without insects, many animals would have nothing to eat and die of hunger. Then, the ecosystem would be off balance.”（我们需要昆虫给庄稼授粉。它们还能分解死去的动植物，从而保持土壤健康。如果没有昆虫，许多动物将没有食物，饿死。然后，生态系统就会失衡。）可知本段说的是昆虫的重要性，故选D。
12．推理判断题。根据“The researchers say the main reason for this is the use of pesticides (杀虫剂) because they destroy insects’ living areas”（研究人员说，造成这种情况的主要原因是使用杀虫剂，因为它们会破坏昆虫的生活区域）以及“The best place to start is from our children, who should realize environmental protection from an early age”（最好从我们的孩子开始，他们应该从小就认识到环境保护。）可推知人类的行为会影响昆虫的数量，故选C。
4.（2022·吉林长春·统考中考真题）
As we all know, fresh flowers can make a room look and smell good. They also have some magic power.
Martin lay in hospital for weeks after falling from a building in 2011. He faced a lot of surgeries（手术）and began losing hope. Martin’s friends and family members came to visit him. They brought him fresh flowers each day. Then something wonderful happened. Martin’s condition started to improve, and he looked towards the future with more hope.
Martin soon realized that other patients around him weren’t receiving the same kind of emotional（情感上的）support. This inspired him to go from room to room, giving away his flowers to them. The results were amazing. He watched people’s misery turn into happiness.
After leaving the hospital, Martin couldn’t forget the power of his flowers. Six months later, to help more people, he started a project called the Simple Sunflower Project. He collected used flowers from some events like weddings（婚礼）and then the flowers were given to people in hospitals and the old people’s homes. In the first year, the project served no more than 100 people. But in the following 10 years, it gave away flowers to nearly 30,000 people.
Many studies have found that fresh flowers as well as plants are good for people’s health. To test the result, the University of Tennessee Medical Center did a study on the Simple Sunflower Project. Almost 95% of the patients who had received flowers had an improvement in their emotional condition. When staying in hospital, people felt not as comfortable as at home, but the Simple Sunflower Project helped them in some ways. Flowers could make them less stressed and less painful. Patients with flowers had shorter hospital stays as well. Flowers make a great difference.
13．Which is the right order of the following facts
① Martin fell from a building.
② Martin started the Simple Sunflower Project.
③ Martin went from room to room giving away his flowers.
④ Martin received flowers each day from his friends and family members.
A．①④③② B．①④②③ C．④②①③ D．④③①②
14．What does the underlined word “misery” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Surprise. B．Doubt. C．Shame. D．Sadness.
15．Why did Martin start the Simple Sunflower Project
A．To catch people’s eyes. B．To help more people.
C．To collect used flowers. D．To show his favorite flowers.
16．Which advantage of flowers is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 5
A．Flowers make patients less painful.
B．Flowers make patients less stressed.
C．Patients with flowers can stay awake.
D．Patients with flowers have shorter hospital stays.
17．What could be the best title of the passage
A．Flower Power B．A Successful Study
C．Flowers and Plants D．Martin’s Experience in Hospital
【答案】13．A 14．D 15．B 16．C 17．A
【导语】本文以Martin的事例告诉我们，鲜花对人们的健康有好处，生病的人收到鲜花可以改善他们的情绪。
13．细节理解题。根据“Martin lay in hospital for weeks after falling from a building in 2011”可知，Martin从楼上摔下来，①排在第一位，排除C和D选项。根据“Martin’s friends and family members came to visit him. They brought him fresh flowers each day”可知，他的朋友和家人每天带着鲜花来看望他，④ 排在第二位；根据“This inspired him to go from room to room, giving away his flowers to them”可知，Martin意识到鲜花能改善病人的情绪，所以开始给每个房间的病人赠送鲜花，③排在第三位，排除B选项，故选A。
14．词义猜测题。根据“This inspired him to go from room to room, giving away his flowers to them. The results were amazing. He watched people’s misery turn into happiness.”可知，人们收到他的鲜花，从难过变成了开心，所以misery与sadness同义，故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据“Six months later, to help more people, he started a project called the Simple Sunflower Project.”可知，开始这个项目是为了帮助更多的人，故选B。
16．细节理解题。根据“Flowers could make them less stressed and less painful. Patients with flowers had shorter hospital stays as well”可知，花可以减轻他们的压力和痛苦。拥有鲜花的患者住院时间也较短，故选C。
17．最佳标题题。根据“As we all know, fresh flowers can make a room look and smell good. They also have some magic power”可知，本文主要介绍了鲜花的神奇力量，所以A选项“花的力量”符合本文标题，故选A。
5.（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）
Bear details International Polar Bear Day is Feb 27. Climate change harms polar bears because they depend on sea ice to hunt, produce babies and travel. Every ten years, the arctic（北极的）sea ice has declined（减少）at a rate of 13%. Over 2/3 of the world’s polar bears are found in Canada. Polar bears can walk more than 3,000 km each month, An adult male can weigh over 600 kg. Of the 19 subpopulations（亚群）. 4 are in decline. How can we help polar bears Reduce your carbon footprint（碳足迹）. It helps to reduce climate change’s effect on polar bears. Support action groups that protect them. Learn more about the difficult situation of polar bears. Support eco-friendly tourism to polar regions（极地）to see them.
18．When is International Polar Bear Day A．May 26. B．March 12. C．August 27. D．February 27.
19．Why does climate change harm polar bears
A．Because they depend on sea ice to hunt, produce babies and travel.
B．Because they depend on sea ice to look after babies.
C．Because the arctic sea ice has declined.
D．Both A and C．
20．Where can we find most of the world’s polar bears
A．In America. B．In Canada. C．In China. D．In Japan.
21．How can we help polar bears
A．Increase your carbon footprint.
B．Join action groups to protect polar bears.
C．Learn more about the difficult situation of polar bears.
D．Support more tourism to polar regions to see polar bears.
22．Which of the following is TRUE
A．An adult male polar bear can weigh over 600 kg.
B．Polar bears can walk more than 5,000 km each month.
C．Of the 18 subpopulations, 4 are in decline.
D．Every ten years, the arctic sea ice has declined at a rate of 23%.
【答案】18．D 19．D 20．B 21．C 22．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了北极熊的现状，以及如何保护北极熊。
18．细节理解题。根据“International Polar Bear Day is Feb 27.”可知，国际北极熊日是2月27日。故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据“Climate change harms polar bears because they depend on sea ice to hunt, produce babies and travel. Every ten years, the arctic（北极的）sea ice has declined（减少）at a rate of 13%.”可知，气候变化会伤害到北极熊，是因为它们依靠海冰来捕猎、产崽和移动，也因为北极海冰已经减少。选项A和C表述都正确。故选D。
20．细节理解题。根据“Over 2/3 of the world’s polar bears are found in Canada.”可知，世界上超过三分之二的北极熊生活在加拿大。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据“Learn more about the difficult situation of polar bears.”可知，为了帮助北极熊，我们可以了解更多关于北极熊的困难处境。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“Polar bears can walk more than 3,000 km each month, An adult male can weigh over 600 kg.”可知，成年雄性北极熊的体重可以超过600公斤。故选A。
6.（2022·山东潍坊·统考中考真题）
What do three hearts, eight arms and one huge brain add up to An octopus, a creature that can do amazing things. Octopuses are very clever. As they don’t have teeth or sharp claws to defend themselves, they have ever learnt a few tricks to get out of dangerous situations. Do you know how they do that
They often hide themselves in the sand on the bottom of the ocean floor. Some octopuses like to stay in more shallow water where there are rocks. Because octopuses have very soft bodies, they can hide themselves into small spaces between the rocks to get rid of enemies.
The octopus is like a chameleon because it can change the color of its skin to match the sand. This color change happens in less than a minute.
Another way an octopus can protect itself is by shooting ink. It can shoot ink into the water. The ink forms a cloud to blind its enemies. It's like a magician doing a disappearing act.
If an octopus is being attacked, it can make itself look like a sea snake. It will bury itself in the sand except two arms. It will change the color of those arms to match a sea snake.
But what if there’s no time to escape It can break off one of its arms. The arm will then change colors and move around the water. As the enemy starts chasing after the arm, the octopus can swim away quickly. Don’t worry, though. The octopus’ arm will grow back soon.
23．How many tricks are mentioned in the text
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
24．Why is an octopus like a chameleon
A．It has three hearts. B．It has eight arms.
C．It can make itself look like a snake. D．It can change the color of its skin.
25．What does an octopus do in time of great danger
A．Run after its enemy. B．Break off one arm.
C．Fight with sharp teeth. D．Move around the water.
26．What is the best title for this text
A．Adventures in water B．Magician of the sea
C．Soft bodies between rocks D．Enemy behind the cloud
【答案】23．C 24．D 25．B 26．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了章鱼的相关信息，包括了它的外观，逃生的技能等。
23．细节理解题。根据“They often hide themselves in the sand on the bottom of the ocean floor”“The octopus is like a chameleon because it can change the color of its skin to match the sand”“Another way an octopus can protect itself is by shooting ink”“If an octopus is being attacked, it can make itself look like a sea snake”及“It can break off one of its arms”可知，文中一共提到了5种技巧，故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据“The octopus is like a chameleon because it can change the color of its skin to match the sand”可知，因为它可以改变皮肤的颜色来匹配沙子，故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据“But what if there’s no time to escape It can break off one of its arms”可知，它可以折断一只手臂，故选B。
26．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了章鱼的几种逃生技能，就像“海洋魔术师”一样，故选B。
7.（2022·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）
①Otters (水猴) are cute water animals. Recently, there has been a trend (趋势) of keeping them as pets. In Japan, some “otter cafes” are open for business. People can pay to play with the otters there and to take photos with them. In Indonesia, people go swimming with their pet otters and take “funny” videos. These photos and videos posted online have attracted more people to buy otters as pets.
②However, these photos and videos mask the fact that the online trade is doing harm to otters. In the wild, baby otters usually stay with their mothers during their first year of life. According to a report, 70 percent of otters sold online are under a year old. These baby otters have been stolen from their mothers. When they’re kept as pets by humans, they do not live full, natural lives.
③Otters are very social (群居的). They live in family groups of up to fifteen in the wild. Keeping an otter as a pet can make it very sad and lonely. These animals also need enough space to swim. Their owners’ bathtubs (浴缸) or pools are much smaller than the bodies of water in the wild.
④On the other hand, it is not wise to keep otters as pets at home. They have a very special fishy smell. If they’re kept indoors, they will leave a lot of droppings around the house. This would make the smell even more unpleasant. Besides, when otters are upset, they will make loud noises and even attack (攻击) people. If a person is bitten by an otter, he or she needs to go to the hospital immediately.
⑤So, what can we do to stop the otter pet trade Well, one of the main ways is to let more people know that otters should not be kept as pets. We should also keep an eye on online posts about these animals. When photos and videos show baby otters being kept or sold as pets, don’t share them.
27．People like to keep otters as pets because they are ________.
A．lonely B．cute C．friendly D．quiet
28．The underlined word “mask” has the closest meaning to ________.
A．show B．protect C．hide D．change
29．Because of the online pet trade, otters ________.
A．may often fall ill B．can’t live a social life C．have no food to eat D．have no place to swim
30．What does Paragraph ④ mainly tell us
A．Otters don’t make good pets. B．Otters are dangerous to people.
C．Otters may live a hard life as pets. D．Otters often make a mess in the room.
31．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A．To stop people from keeping pets at home.
B．To introduce the ways of protecting pet otters.
C．To show the facts of the online otter pet trade.
D．To tell people to say no to the otter pet trade.
【答案】27．B 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了可爱的水动物——水猴的生活习性，同时呼吁人们停止水猴宠物交易。
27．细节理解题。根据“Otters are cute water animals. Recently, there has been a trend of keeping them as pets.”可知人们喜欢养水猴当宠物，因为它们很可爱，故选B。
28．词义猜测题。根据“the fact that the online trade is doing harm to otters. ”可推知照片和视频掩盖了对水猴造成伤害这个事实，所以mask应该是“隐藏，隐瞒”。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据“Otters are very social. They live in family groups of up to fifteen in the wild. Keeping an o1ter as a pet can make it very sad and lonely.”可知因为网上宠物交易，水猴无法过群居生活，故选B。
30．段落大意题。根据“On the other hand, it is not wise to keep otters as pets at home. They have a very special fishy smell....Besides, when otters are upset, they will make loud noises and even attack people. If a person is bitten by an otter, he or she needs to go to the hospital immediately.”（另一方面，把水猴当作宠物养在家里是不明智的。它们有一种特别的鱼腥味……此外，当水猴不高兴时，它们会发出很大的噪音，甚至攻击人。如果一个人被水猴咬伤，他或她需要立即去医院。）可知第④段主要讲水猴不是好宠物。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据“So, what can we do to stop the otter pet trade Well, one of the main ways is to let more people know that otters should not be kept as pets. ”（那么，我们能做些什么来阻止水猴宠物贸易呢？嗯，一个主要的方法是让更多的人知道水猴不应该被当作宠物饲养。）可推知这篇文章主要目的是呼吁人们停止水猴宠物交易，故选D。
8.（2022·四川资阳·统考中考真题）
In March, 2020, 16 wild Asian elephants began travelling across Yunnan in their own special “tour group”. They travelled more than 500 km and two baby elephants were born along the way. At last, 14 elephants returned home safely in December, 2021. Already famous at home, these elephants also became “international stars”.
Some international media(媒体) followed the elephants’ tour from their home in Xishuangbanna to other parts of Yunnan. Some people described them as “smart” and “adventurous (冒险的)”. Social media like Twitter and YouTube were full of videos of the elephants. One video about the elephants sleeping together got nearly 300,000 views and 12,000 likes on Twitter.
On the elephants’ tour, people treated them with care. People didn’t get close to them, hurt them or drive them away. The world saw China’s work to protect the wild elephants. And the attention to the wild elephants will encourage more people to get along well with animals.
32．How many elephants returned home safely
A．2. B．14. C．16. D．18.
33．What do we know about the elephants
A．They are 21 months old. B．They ran away from a zoo.
C．They are only famous in China. D．They have travelled over 500 km.
34．How did some people describe the elephants
A．Clever. B．Weak. C．Strange. D．Friendly.
35．What should people do according to the last paragraph
A．Drive wild animals away. B．Get along well with animals.
C．Watch videos about wild animals. D．Pay no attention to wild animals.
【答案】32．B 33．D 34．A 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍云南北迁象群得到世界关注，闻名海内外。
32．细节理解题。根据“At last, 14 elephants returned home safely in December, 2021.”可知，最终，14头大象在2021年12月安全回家。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据“They travelled more than 500 km and two baby elephants were born along the way.”可知，它们走了500多公里，一路上出生了两只小象。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据“Some people described them as ‘smart’ and ‘adventurous (冒险的)’.”可知，大象聪明且有冒险精神。故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据“On the elephants’ tour, people treated them with care. People didn’t get close to them, hurt them or drive them away. The world saw China’s work to protect the wild elephants. And the attention to the wild elephants will encourage more people to get along well with animals.”可知，在大象的旅行中，人们对它们很关心。人们没有接近它们，伤害它们或赶走它们。世界看到了中国保护野生大象的工作。对野生大象的关注将鼓励更多的人与动物和睦相处。由此可知，人们应该与动物相处融洽。故选B。
9.（2022·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）
The swan(天鹅) is a very gentle bird. It likes to swim on lakes. When it is young, it is grey and not a pretty bird at all. But when it is full-grown, it is as white as snow.
Look at the swan in the picture. See how graceful(优雅的) it is while the swan is swimming.
The swan builds its nest(巢) among high grass near the water. It is made of dry sticks and is placed on the ground. Here the swan lays its eggs.
As soon as the young swans are born, their mother leaves them and returns to the water. They need no school and no teaching, they can swim well at once.
________ They are made for swimming. All birds that love the water and swim in it, have webs(蹼). Swans, ducks and a number of other birds have web-feet. They can all swim well, but hens(母鸡) and chickens can not swim at all, for they don’t have webs like the swan and the duck.
The swan has a long neck, so it can reach its food without diving(潜水) as ducks do. The swan feeds on the leaves of water-plants.
36．When the swan is young, it is ________.
A．white B．black C．brown D．grey
37．The swan’s nest is made of ________.
A．leaves B．grass C．dry sticks D．water-plants
38．Which of the sentences can be put in “________” in paragraph 5
A．Can the swan fly as the other birds B．Have you ever seen the swan’s feet
C．What does the swan’s neck look like D．Is the swan different from the duck
39．The swan uses its neck to ________.
A．reach its food B．wash its webs C．build its nest D．feed its baby
40．The passage is probably from the part of ________ in a magazine.
A．Science Study B．Sports News C．History Events D．Animal World
【答案】36．D 37．C 38．B 39．A 40．D
【导语】本文介绍了关于天鹅的一些基本信息。
36．细节理解题。根据“When it is young, it is grey and not a pretty bird at all.”可知，天鹅小时候是灰色的。故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据“It is made of dry sticks and is placed on the ground.”可知，天鹅的巢是用干树枝做的。故选C。
38．词句猜测题。根据“All birds that love the water and swim in it, have webs(蹼). Swans, ducks and a number of other birds have web-feet.”可知，本段主要说的是天鹅可以游泳是因为脚上的蹼。选项B“你见过天鹅的脚吗？”最适合放进第五段空处。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据“The swan has a long neck, so it can reach its food without diving as ducks do.”可知，天鹅的脖子很长，所以很容易可以够到食物。故选A。
40．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了关于天鹅的一些基本信息。所以本文最有可能来自杂志上的动物世界部分。故选D。
10.（2022·山东滨州·统考中考真题）
How do you greet your friends People from different cultures have different answers; shaking hands, nodding, bowing, kissing on the face. But have you ever wondered how animals “say hello” to each other Here are some examples.
Everyone knows how similar chimpanzees (黑猩猩) are to humans. So it’s no surprise that their greetings are also close to ours. The most common ways of greeting between chimpanzees are hand touching and hugging. Sometimes they also kiss each other. Some chimpanzees can even learn simple sign language.
Giraffes seldom make loud sounds. Their necks can reach two meters in length, making them useful in greeting each other. When two giraffes meet, they may “shake” their necks and rub (摩擦) them against each other. This is to feel how strong and tall the other is.
Dolphins greet one another with whistles (哨声). They can hear other dolphins from many kilometers away. Every dolphin has a different whistle. When two groups of dolphins meet, they each choose a member to “talk” to the other group. The two groups can then travel together. Unlike most of the other animals, dolphins are smart enough to learn a new language by inventing and copying new sounds.
41．Chimpanzees usually greet each other by _________.A．nodding and bowing B．kissing on the face
C．touching hands and hugging D．using a lot of sign language
42．Giraffes rub their necks when they meet in order to _________.
A．reach taller trees B．make loud sounds
C．know about each other D．fight with each other
43．According to the reading, dolphins are _________.
A．friendly and clever B．lazy and quiet
C．strong and playful D．caring and peaceful
44．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Giraffes are about two meters tall.
B．Dolphins can hear each other from far away.
C．Most animals have the ability to learn a new language.
D．Chimpanzees are surprised at humans’ way of greeting.
45．The passage is probably from __________.
A．a guidebook B．a notice board C．a news report D．a nature magazine
【答案】41．C 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．D
【导语】本文介绍了三种动物表达问候的方式。
41．细节理解题。根据“The most common ways of greeting between chimpanzees are hand touching and hugging”可知，黑猩猩之间最常见的问候方式是握手和拥抱，故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据“This is to feel how strong and tall the other is”可知，这是为了感受对方的强壮和高大，也就是对彼此有个了解，故选C。
43．推理判断题。根据“The two groups can then travel together. Unlike most of the other animals, dolphins are smart enough to learn a new language by inventing and copying new sounds”可知，海豚互相“问候”之后就一起旅行，海豚足够聪明，可以通过发明和复制新的声音来学习一种新的语言，由此可推断它们很友好很聪明，故选A。
44．细节理解题。根据“They can hear other dolphins from many kilometers away”可知，它们可以听到许多公里外其他海豚的声音，故选B。
45．推理判断题。本文介绍了三种动物表达问候的方式，与自然有关，故选D。
（2022·山东临沂·统考中考真题）
Migratory birds （候鸟）fly to different places during different seasons. They may fly day and night for months at a time. During this long journey, when and how do they sleep
In 2016, some scientists studied a group of frigate birds（军舰鸟）during a ten-day flying journey. They found that frigate birds can sleep while they’re flying! According to this study, these birds take two kinds of short sleep.
The first is called Rapid Eye Movement（REM, 快速动眼）sleep. It is the deepest period of sleep. For humans, REM sleep can continue for many minutes. For flying birds, however, REM sleep continues for only a few seconds（秒）. Even so, this period of sleep is still very important for their brain health.
The other kind of short sleep is “half sleep”. Frigate birds put only half of their brain to sleep, while the other half stays awake. The eyes of these birds are always connected to the waking part of their brain. In other words, they sleep with their eyes open. It is still a little dangerous to take such a short sleep, though. So, these birds prefer to stay awake most of the time. Before reaching land, they spend less than three percent of their time sleeping.
However, not all migratory birds sleep in this way. Many will make several stops on their way to get a good rest. Some stay completely awake for their whole journey. Alpine Swifts（高山雨燕）, for example, can keep flying for nearly 200 days. There are few signs of these birds sleeping during their long trips.
The sleeping habits of birds are different from species（物种） to species. This makes the study of migratory birds very exciting for scientists. In the future, we may learn more amazing things about these animals!
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
46．What do we know about frigate birds
A．Their REM sleep continues for many minutes.
B．They don’t sleep during their long trips.
C．They can sleep with their eyes open.
47．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage （P=Paragraph）
A． B． C．
48．After the study of migratory birds, the scientists have found ________.
A．the sleeping habits of birds are different from species to species
B．why migratory birds fly to different places during different seasons
C．all migratory birds spend a little time sleeping during a long journey
49．What’s the best title for the passage
A．Alpine Swifts’ 200-day Trip
B．Frigate Birds’ Flying Journey
C．Sleeping in the Sky
【答案】46．C 47．B 48．A 49．C
【导语】本文介绍了候鸟在漫长的迁徙过程中的睡眠习惯
46．细节理解题。根据“In other words, they sleep with their eyes open.”可知，军舰鸟可以睁着眼睛睡觉。故选C。
47．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题：候鸟如何睡觉和何时睡觉；第二段介绍军舰鸟能够在飞行时睡觉并有两种短期睡眠；第三第四段分别具体介绍军舰鸟两种短期睡眠；第五段讲了其他候鸟在迁徙过程中是如何睡觉并且有候鸟几乎没有睡觉；第六段总结全文展望未来。综上所述，B图符合本文结构。故选B。
48．细节理解题。根据“The sleeping habits of birds are different from species （物种） to species.”可知，科学家研究后发现鸟类的睡眠习惯因物种而异。故选A。
49．最佳标题题。根据“During this long journey, when and how do they sleep ”和全文内容可知，本文介绍了候鸟在漫长的迁徙过程中的睡眠习惯，C选项“在天空中睡觉”可作为标题。故选C。
12.（2022·湖北荆州·统考中考真题）
As we can learn from the story in our textbook, guide dogs are the “eyes” of blind people. But how can they be so helpful The answer is simple. Guide dogs practice to be helpful. As part of the training, guide dogs practice getting to the places their owners will need to go. But before this, guide dogs must receive training in many other areas. This is because guiding a person safely is more important than just knowing where to go.
Suppose a tree branch（树枝） is lying on the road in front of a blind person and his guide dog. Since the person cannot see the branch, it’s up to the dog to let him know it is there. If the branch is small the dog may help guide its owner around it. If it is large, the dog will stop the person. Then he knows there is something in the way. He will work with his dog to find a way past the branch.
Many people think a guide dog tells its owner when they can cross the road. This is not true. Instead, the dog usually stops its owner when they have reached the end of a road. Then the blind person listens to their situation and considers if it is safe to cross the road. A blind person and his dog always work as a team.
50．About guide dogs, we can know ________ from the first paragraph.
A．blind people can’t afford a guide dog B．not all dogs can be trained to be helpful
C．dogs are born to be helpful to blind people D．guide dogs learn to be helpful through training
51．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to “________”.
A．the road B．the tree branch C．the blind person D．the dog
52．If there is a large branch on the road in front of its owner, the guide dog will ________.
A．stop its owner B．ask someone for help
C．move it with its owner D．guide its owner around it
53．According to the passage, who will decide if it is safe for a blind person to cross a road
A．The blind person himself. B．His guide dog.
C．Both he and his guide dog. D．A police officer.
【答案】50．D 51．B 52．A 53．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了导盲犬是如何帮助盲人的。
50．细节理解题。根据“Guide dogs practice to be helpful.”（导盲犬练习帮助他人）以及“But before this, guide dogs must receive training in many other areas.”（但在此之前, 导盲犬必须接受许多其他领域的训练）可知，我们可以从第一段知道：导盲犬通过训练学会帮助他人。故选D。
51．词义猜测题。根据“Since the person cannot see the branch, it’s up to the dog to let him know it is there.”可知，此处是指既然这个人看不到树枝，那就由狗来告诉他（树枝）在哪里。所以“it”指的是树枝。故选B。
52．细节理解题。根据“If the branch is small the dog may help guide its owner around it. If it is large, the dog will stop the person.”可知，如果在主人面前的路上有一根大树枝，导盲犬会阻止它的主人。故选A。
53．推理判断题。根据“Many people think a guide dog tells its owner when they can cross the road. This is not true...A blind person and his dog always work as a team.”可推断出，盲人和他的导盲犬将决定盲人过马路是否安全。故选C。
13.（2022·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）
Have you ever watched a show about the wild A shark (鲨鱼) eats a seal! Lions run down a gazelle! Is all nature like that All about eating and blood Or is that just what keeps our eyes glued to the TV screen Let’s look at sonic living things who work with each other instead of ripping each other apart.
When a lion kills a gazelle, it wants to eat as much as it can and maybe share the rest with its family. There are some living things that will take small pieces of another living thing’s body. Parasitism is when one living thing gets its energy from another living thing, does not give anything back, and hurts the thing it’s taking things from.
Now let’s get a little nicer. Sometimes a living thing will live off the body of another living thing without hurting it. They do not steal anything. They do not mensalism is when two living things live together and one gets good things out of it while the other is not hurt by it. Have you seen a picture of a whale (鲸) with rocky white things stuck to its skin Those are barnacles(藤壶). They attach themselves to the whale, so nothing will try to eat them and they can eat things that float by.
Now let’s get really nice. While sharks are biting and lions are fighting, are there any animals that just get along Yes! Actually, there are many. Mutualism is when two living things work together and both get good things out of it. Bees and flowers are the most common example. Without flowers, bees could not make honey. Without bees, flowers could not make new seeds. It’s win-win for these two. There are lots of animals that get along. Birds will live on the backs of zebras and eat the ticks that are drinking the zebra’s blood. The bird gets food. The zebra gets its ticks taken away. In some of these cases, one animal could not live without the other.
We use the word “Symbiotic (共生的)” for all of these kinds of relationships. Sometimes it’s good for one and bad for the other. Sometimes it’s just good for one. Sometimes it’s even good for both. So, it is nice to know that there are some living things out there that are finding ways to live together. We could pay attention to the animals that do not always make it on TV.
54．The writer mentioned a TV show about the wild in Paragraph 1 to ________.
A．tell a story B．solve a mystery
C．Introduce a subject D．discuss a programme
55．Which of the following best describes the relationship between bees and flowers
A．Neighbours. B．Friends. C．Strangers. D．Partners.
56．How does the writer develop the passage
A．By showing pictures. B．By giving examples.
C．By presenting reasons. D．By drawing conclusions.
57．What can we infer from the passage
A．The world of living things remains to be explored.
B．More actions should be taken to protect living things.
C．TV programmes about living things require to be improved.
D．More money will be spent on documentaries about living things.
【答案】54．C 55．D 56．B 57．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了动物界共生的相关知识。
54．推理判断题。根据“Let’s look at sonic living things who work with each other instead of ripping each other apart.”可知，第一段提及电视节目是为了引出文章主题；故选C。
55．推理判断题。根据“Mutualism is when two living things work together and both get good things out of it. Bees and flowers are the most common example.”可知，互惠主义是指两个生物一起工作，都从中得到好处；因此花和蜂蜜的关系是一种合作关系；故选D。
56．篇章结构题。根据全文内容可知，作者一系列例子来阐述共生、寄生的概念；故选B。
57．推理判断题。根据“So, it is nice to know that there are some living things out there that are finding ways to live together. We could pay attention to the animals that do not always make it on TV.”可知，生物世界还有待探索；故选A。
14.（2022·山东枣庄·统考中考真题）
During the past summer season, photos of snow leopards were taken by five different special cameras in Pingwu, Sichuan province, surprising many wildlife scientists. This shows that the living area of snow leopards in China’s southwestern mountains has become larger.
Pingwu, about 4,200 meters above the sea level, is famous for being home to a large number of wild pandas. The fourth national survey of pandas in 2015 found that there were 1,864 wild pandas in China, including 335 in Pingwu. As a result, over half of Pingwu’s land area has become part of the Panda National Park, which has a planned area of 22,000 square kilometers across Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. It is among five national parks China named in October, 2021.
Through shutting down mines (煤矿), planting more trees and other measures, protection efforts in the park have not only made pandas less endangered, but also are offering safety and protection for other rare species (珍稀物种). About 87% of the Panda National Park lies in Sichuan. It’s the home of more than 8,000 species of animals and plants.
The province has used special cameras and forest protectors as a closely connected protection system. Thousands of forest protectors have been working year-round on more than 900 routes. Over the past four years, they have met rare animals for about 1,600 times. In Pingwu alone, more than 4,100 species of plants and 1,900 species of animals have benefited from the protection of pandas. For example, the number of takin, a rare animal, has increased by 10% over the past ten years. Meanwhile, the protection of pandas causes the development of human society, too.
58．Why does the Panda National Park include Pingwu
A．Because Pingwu is about 4,200 meters above the sea level.
B．Because there are 1,864 wild pandas in Pingwu.
C．Because there are many wild pandas in Pingwu.
D．Because it has an area of 22,000 square kilometers.
59．What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “benefited” in Paragraph 4
A．受益 B．受害 C．支持 D．获得
60．Which is the best title of this passage
A．The Reasons for Protecting Pandas B．Good Results of Protecting Pandas
C．The Introduction of Pingwu D．The Animals and Plants in Pingwu
【答案】58．C 59．A 60．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些保护大熊猫的措施及带来的积极影响。
58．细节理解题。根据“The fourth national survey of pandas in 2015 found that there were 1,864 wild pandas in China, including 335 in Pingwu. As a result, over half of Pingwu’s land area has become part of the Panda National Park,”可知，平武是熊猫国家公园的一部分是因为有很多野生大熊猫。故选C。
59．词句猜测题。根据“For example, the number of takin, a rare animal, has increased by 10% over the past ten years. Meanwhile, the protection of pandas causes the development of human society, too.”可知，此处在举例说明很多动植物从大熊猫保护中得到受益。所以划线词“benefited”意为“受益”。故选A。
60．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一些保护大熊猫的措施及带来的积极影响。选项B“保护大熊猫的良好结果”为本文最佳标题。故选B。
15.（2022·贵州毕节·统考中考真题）
If you travel in New Zealand, you may find some very interesting things. It is called “New Zealand Four Strange Things”.
Have you ever seen that cows are lined up New Zealand is so large. It is impossible for people to milk cows by hand. So the farmers trained the leading cow to take the cows to the milking station twice a day. The leading cow has a sensor（传感器）on its head. When it is time for milking, the sensor warns the leading cow to take the lead.
Horses are mainly raised for viewing（观赏）and racing, so the coat color is very important. Wearing sunscreen（防晒）clothes on horses can avoid the harm from the sun. The clothes on horses are filled with weights that are the same weight of the rider. When the weights are replaced by the rider during the race, “________” just like the sportsman running with sandbags.
Sheep in New Zealand used to have tails. Because they poop（排便）when they’re born, grass flies are interested in them. Grass flies lay their eggs in the tails of the baby sheep, causing illness and death. Then people tie their tails. As time passes, the sheep become tailless. This improves the survival rate（成活率）.
New Zealand’s alpacas（羊驼）were introduced from South America. They are quite different from two-humped camels（双峰驼）. An alpaca weighs about 55 kg to 65 kg. Its shape is like a sheep. Only one grown-up male（雄性）alpaca can be found in each group. It is the leading one. Alpacas are gentle, clever and human.
61．Why do the cows in New Zealand stand in line A．Because the cows want to eat grass. B．Because the cows are ready for milking.
C．Because the cows used to do so. D．Because the leading cow asks them to do so.
62．Which of the following can be put in “________”
A．the horses will be used to running with weights B．the horses can run faster than before
C．the horses won’t be able to run D．the horses will not be used to running
63．How do people make sheep’s tails become tailless
A．By cutting them. B．By tying them. C．By pulling them. D．By pushing them.
64．How much does an alpaca weigh
A．About 30 kg to 40 kg. B．About 40 kg to 50 kg.
C．About 50 kg to 60 kg. D．About 55 kg to 65 kg.
65．Which is the best title for this article
A．Travel in New Zealand B．Cows, Horses, Sheep and Alpacas
C．New Zealand Four Strange Things D．Animals in New Zealand
【答案】61．B 62．A 63．B 64．D 65．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了在新西兰旅行，你可能会发现一些非常有趣的事情，它被称为“新西兰四怪”。
61．细节理解题。根据“It is impossible for people to milk cows by hand. So the farmers trained the leading cow to take the cows to the milking station twice a day.”可知，因为新西兰很大，所以会训练领头的奶牛每天两次把奶牛带到挤奶站，排队挤奶，故选B。
62．推理判断题。根据“The clothes on horses are filled with weights that are the same weight of the rider...just like the sportsman running with sandbags.”（马身上的衣服装满了与骑手相同重量的重量……就像运动员背着沙袋跑一样。）可知比赛中，当重物被骑手替换时，这些马将习惯于负重奔跑，故选A。
63．细节理解题。根据“Then people tie their tails. As time passes, the sheep become tailless. ”（然后人们就系上尾巴。随着时间的推移，羊的尾巴就没有了），可知人们是通过给羊尾巴系东西，使它们变成无尾，故选B。
64．细节理解题。根据“An alpaca weighs about 55 kg to 65 kg. ”可知羊驼重约55公斤至65公斤。故选D。
65．最佳标题题。根据“If you travel in New Zealand, you may find some very interesting things. It is called “New Zealand Four Strange Things”结合文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了在新西兰旅行，你可能会发现一些非常有趣的事情，它被称为“新西兰四怪”。故选C。
16.（2022·湖南永州·统考中考真题）
Smart, Social Animals
Recently, researchers have found that dolphins know their own names much like people. Dolphins talk to one another with whistles(口哨) and calls. Scientists have known that the animals also use unusual whistles to name each other. They had thought that dolphins only heard each other’s voices. However, the scientists didn’t know that dolphins listen for their names too.
To test this idea, the researchers caught 14 dolphins and recorded their name calls. The scientists then copied each dolphin’s voice. When the changed recordings were played, the dolphins replied strongly to the names of their relatives and group members. They paid no attention to the names of dolphins they did not know.
Dolphins live in large groups that grow and change. Each dolphin’s unusual whistle helps it quickly find a friend or a family member, or call for help. Understanding their calls requires learning. It’s a skill that’s seen in very few animals, which include humans, elephants and bats.
Elephants, for example, communicate with sound. Their sounds can be heard by other elephants miles away. Dolphins, too, communicate with each other by making sounds like this.
Elephants also communicate by moving their head, feet and trunk. In much the same way, dolphins communicate by their movements. They often touch each other to express friendship.
Unlike dolphins, elephants also communicate by their great sense of smell. They can recognize other elephants by the smells they have.
Why do dolphins and elephants share the gift of communication Scientists think it may be because they are social and smart animals. Both have strong family relationship. Now, whether they also have nicknames is another question!
66．What have researchers found about dolphins recently
A．Dolphins know their own names.
B．Dolphins only hear each other’s voices.
C．Dolphins talk to one another not much like people.
67．Just before the researchers recorded dolphins’name calls, they ________.
A．copied dolphins’ voice
B．caught 14 dolphins
C．trained the dolphins to whistle
68．When a dolphin gets into trouble, what will it do
A．It will call for help.
B．It will turn its head.
C．It will touch another dolphin.
69．What are the differences between dolphins and elephants in communication
A．Elephants can communicate by smell.
B．Elephants can communicate by sound.
C．Dolphins can communicate by movement.
70．What does the underlined word “recognize" mean in Chinese
A．驱逐 B．认出 C．触碰
【答案】66．A 67．B 68．A 69．A 70．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍海豚和大象两种动物与同伴之间的交流方式。
66．细节理解题。根据“However, the scientists didn’t know that dolphins listen for their names too.”可知，海豚也会听它们的名字，说明海豚直到自己的名字。故选A。
67．细节理解题。根据“the researchers caught 14 dolphins and recorded their name calls”可知，研究人员抓了14只海豚，并记录了它们的叫声。故选B。
68．细节理解题。根据“Each dolphin’s unusual whistle helps it quickly find a friend or a family member, or call for help.”可知，每只海豚都能发出不同寻常的哨声，帮助它迅速找到朋友或家人，或呼救。故选A。
69．细节理解题。根据“Unlike dolphins, elephants also communicate by their great sense of smell. They can recognize other elephants by the smells they have.”可知，与海豚不同的是，大象也通过它们强大的嗅觉进行交流，它们可以通过气味认出其他大象。故选A。
70．词句猜测题。分析“Unlike dolphins, elephants also communicate by their great sense of smell. They can recognize other elephants by the smells they have.”可知，与海豚不同的是，大象也通过它们强大的嗅觉进行交流，所以它们可以通过气味认出其他大象。此处recognize的意思是“认出”，故选B。
17.（2022·河南·统考中考真题）
There’s nothing quite like falling sound asleep after a full day of work. Like people, animals need to rest after working hard. Some animals sleep in water. Others dig holes under the ground. Some even sleep high in trees or under leaves. But they all find a way to rest.
Some animals in the sea sleep in strange ways. Fish sleep with their eyes open. They seem to look ahead far into the sea while they rest. Sea otters sometimes sleep in beds of the plants that grow in the sea. This keeps them from moving away. Parrotfish blow something from their mouths when they are ready to sleep. Then a bubble (气泡) will be formed around them. The bubble protects them from harm while they sleep.
Some animals sleep under the ground. Chipmunks (花栗鼠) sleep curled up (蜷缩) in a ball. Their beds are made of leaves and grass. In winter, they sleep for two weeks and wake up to eat the stored food. Then they go back to sleep for another two weeks before waking up again. Some desert frogs dig underground holes during the hot, dry season. A frog may stay in its hole for months.
High above the ground, monkeys find leafy places in trees each evening before they sleep. The tall trees help to keep monkeys safe during the night. Some insects even sleep under the leaf that will be their next meal. A bee may climb down into a flower to rest. When it climbs out the next morning, it is rested and ready for work.
71．What animals blow bubbles when they sleep
A．Sea otters. B．Monkeys. C．Desert frogs. D．Parrotfish.
72．What do we know about chipmunks according to the text
A．They rest with their eyes open.
B．They never sleep curled up in a ball.
C．They wake up now and then in winter.
D．They don’t eat any food during the winter.
73．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．The forest where monkeys sleep safely.
B．The animals that sleep above the ground.
C．The reason why bees climb down into flowers.
D．The ways that keep animals away from danger.
74．What is the structure of the passage (P-Paragraph)
A． B． C． D．
75．What’s the best title for the text
A．Where animals live B．Why animals move
C．How animals sleep D．What animals feed on
【答案】71．D 72．C 73．B 74．A 75．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍不同动物的睡眠方式。
71．细节理解题。根据“Parrotfish blow something from their mouths when they are ready to sleep. Then a bubble (气泡) will be formed around them.”可知，鹦嘴鱼准备睡觉时，会用嘴吹东西。 然后在它们周围形成一个气泡。故选D。
72．细节理解题。根据“In winter, they sleep for two weeks and wake up to cat the stored food.”可知，在冬天，它们要睡上两个星期，醒来后就去吃储存的食物。所以它们不是一直冬眠，而是偶尔会醒来。故选C。
73．段落大意题。分析最后一段内容，尤其是“High above the ground”可知，本段介绍一些睡在地上的动物，故选B。
74．篇章结构题。第一段引出动物有不同的睡眠方式，属于总述；第二段介绍海里的动物；第三段介绍睡在地下的动物；第四段介绍睡在地上的动物，这三段属于分述。故选A。
75．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍不同动物的睡眠方式，故选C。
18.（2022·四川乐山·统考中考真题）
Do you think only humans are crazy about electronic products You are wrong. 12 zoos in the United States and Canada have carried out (实施) a programme called Apps for Apes (大猩猩). It has found that the apes are also interested in playing iPads.
“We find that, similar to people, the apes like touching the screen and watching short videos,” said Richard Zimmerman, a manager of the programme.
The apes in these zoos can play iPads twice a week. Every time, they spend from 15 minutes to half an hour using different apps in iPads. They are most interested in apps for children, such as drawing, music and memory games.
Zimmerman said, “It’s like when we’re showing pop-up books (立体书) to children. The apes are among the most intelligent (智能的) animals, they are as clever as young children.”
The workers in the zoo are also studying how communication apps can help the apes better. “We find that an ape has a toothache. He would be able to touch a picture of a tooth on the iPad and communicate in that way,” said Zimmerman.
The programme wants to make people pay attention to the living problems of apes in the wild. The apes are in danger because people cut down too many forests.
76．How many times can the apes play iPads in a week
A．Two times. B．Three times. C．Four times.
77．Which of the following apps can make apes most interested in
A．Working. B．Shopping. C．Painting.
78．What can we learn about apes from the article
A．Apes can make pop-up books.
B．Apes are as smart as young children.
C．Apes use apps to protect themselves.
79．How does the ape communicate when it has a toothache
A．By touching the picture. B．By telling the doctor. C．By showing its nose.
80．Where is this article most probably from
A．A magazine about children. B．A magazine about animals. C．A magazine about hobbies.
【答案】76．A 77．C 78．B 79．A 80．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了猩猩也对玩iPad感兴趣，通过此次试验，想让人们关注野生猿类的生存问题。
76．细节理解题。根据“The apes in these zoos can play iPads twice a week.”可知，这些动物园里的猩猩每周可以玩两次iPad。故选A。
77．细节理解题。根据“They are most interested in apps for children, such as drawing, music and memory games.”可知，他们最感兴趣的是针对儿童的应用程序，如绘画、音乐和记忆游戏。故选C。
78．细节理解题。根据“The apes are among the most intelligent (智能的) animals, they are as clever as young children.”可知，猿类是最聪明的动物之一，它们和小孩子一样聪明。故选B。
79．细节理解题。根据“We find that an ape has a toothache. He would be able to touch a picture of a tooth on the iPad and communicate in that way”可知，他可以触摸iPad上的牙齿图片，并通过这种方式进行交流。故选A。
80．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，科学家通过实验发现，猩猩也对玩iPad感兴趣，因此文章与动物有关，故选B。
19.（2022·重庆·统考中考真题）
Welcome to our school farm! I’m Potato.
Dry me in the sun for 2 hours. Plant me about 20cm deep in the ground. Use the soil in No. 6 box. The best temperature is between 15℃ and 20℃. After 2 or 3 weeks. A potato plant will rise out of the ground. The potato plant will flower. When the flowers die, carefully dig up the potato plant. Then you’ll have your own potatoes.
81．Dry me in the sun for ________.A．2 hours B．20 hours C．8 days D．15 days
82．Plant me ________.
A．on the leaves B．on the moon C．in the hat D．in the ground
83．Carefully dig up the potato plant when ________.
A．the soil is wet B．the temperature is 15℃
C．the flowers die D．you see the school farm
【答案】81．A 82．D 83．C
【导语】本文以第一人称介绍了种植土豆的过程。
81．细节理解题。根据“Dry me in the sun for 2 hours.”可知要在阳光下晒2小时。故选A。
82．细节理解题。根据“Plant me about 20cm deep in the ground.”可知要把土豆种在地里。故选D。
83．细节理解题。根据“When the flowers die, carefully dig up the potato plant.”可知当土豆的花凋谢时，小心地把它挖出来。故选C。
20.（2022·重庆·统考中考真题）
Orangutans
Orangutans are nature lovers. They like hanging out in the tree. They spend 95% of their time up there in the tree. They sleep and eat in their nests(巢). The nests are big enough for even a 10-year-old kid to play in.
Pigs
Pigs may not look so cute when they find mud(泥) holes. They like playing in the mud -it is like their natural playground. And when it is hot, they stay in the mud to cool themselves. They don’t care how dirty they get.
Sea turtles
Sea turtle eggs are like ping-pong balls. After baby turtles break out of the eggs they get themselves out of the sand and hurry to leave the beach for the sea. They swim for 24 hours in the sea to stay away from danger.
84．In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the passages
A．Sports. B．Health. C．Nature. D．News.
85．Orangutans like hanging out ________.
A．in the tree B．on the beach C．in the sea D．in the mud
86．On hot days, pigs like to play in the mud to ________.
A．look for food B．lean skills C．fall asleep D．cool themselves
87．Which of the following is true according to the passages
A．Sea turtles have eggs like soccer balls.
B．Baby sea turtles are good swimmers.
C．Sea turtles lay their eggs in the sea.
D．Baby sea turtles are safe on the beach.
【答案】84．C 85．A 86．D 87．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了3种动物。
84．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，主要介绍了3种动物，因此可以在报纸上“大自然”部分看见；故选C。
85．细节理解题。根据“They like hanging out in the tree.”可知，喜欢在树上闲逛；故选A。
86．细节理解题。根据“And when it is hot, they stay in the mud to cool themselves”可知，猪待在泥里是为了凉快。故选D。
87．推理判断题。根据“They swim for 24 hours in the sea to stay away from danger.”可知，小海龟可以游24小时，推出它们是好的游泳者；故选B。
21.（2022·四川成都·统考中考真题）
Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree Animals can’t talk, but can they lie with their bodies and behavior Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Dishonesty often helps them survive（生存）.
Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. A bird called the plover sometimes pretends （假装） to be hurt in order to protect its young. When an enemy gets close to its nest, the plover pretends to have a broken wing. The enemy follows the “hurt” adult, leaving the baby birds safe.
Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries （埋） its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays also steal food. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when others are watching them. So they get back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.
Chimpanzees can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimpanzee will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimpanzee puts out its hand, too, the chimpanzees are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimpanzee take the winner’s hand and start fighting again. When chimpanzees find food, it’s natural for them to cry out. Then other chimpanzees come running. But some clever chimpanzees learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimpanzees don’t hear them, and they don’t need to share the food.
88．Why does the plover pretend to be hurt
A．To show its friendliness. B．To save its young. C．To catch the enemy.
89．What do clever scrub jays do with their food
A．They bury the food deep. B．They watch the food. C．They bury the food twice.
90．What will the chimpanzee probably do after crying softly
A．It will eat all the food it finds.
B．It will share the food with others.
C．It will fight again with the winner.
91．According to Paragraph 4, in which picture can we find a sneaky animal
A． B． C．
92．What is the best title of the passage
A．Do animals lie B．Honesty or dishonesty C．How do animals protect lives
【答案】88．B 89．C 90．A 91．C 92．A
【导语】本文科普了一些动物为了生存而撒谎的现象，并举了三个例子进行说明。
88．细节理解题。根据“A bird called the plover sometimes pretends （假装） to be hurt in order to protect its young.”可知，有一种叫千鸟的鸟有时会假装受伤来保护它的幼鸟，故选B。
89．细节理解题。根据“But clever scrub jays seem to know when others are watching them. So they get back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.”可知，聪明的灌木松鸦似乎知道别人在看它们，所以它们稍后会回来，把食物挖出来，再埋在别的地方。故选C。
90．细节理解题。根据“But some clever chimpanzees learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimpanzees don’t hear them, and they don’t need to share the food.”可知，黑猩猩轻轻地叫喊之后，其他黑猩猩听不到声音，它们就不需要分享食物，故选A。
91．推理判断题。根据“Chimpanzees can also be sneaky...But an animal expert once saw a losing chimpanzee take the winner’s hand and start fighting again.”可知，这里说的是黑猩猩也可能是狡猾的，图片中C中的狐狸与之对应，故选C。
92．最佳标题题。根据“Animals can’t talk, but can they lie with their bodies and behavior...Dishonesty often helps them survive（生存）.”以及整个文章的理解可知，本文科普了一些动物为了生存而撒谎的现象并举例进行说明，A项“动物说谎吗”最适合做标题，故选A。
22.（2022·福建漳州·统考模拟预测）
Spit is good for us in many中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023届全国中考阅读理解热点话题 真题训练：科普说明文
动物和植物（原卷版）
1.（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）
The blue whale (鲸) is the largest animal alive today. And one of these whales has been caught making a big journey through the South Pacific. The whale was first recorded near the Galapagos Islands, west of Costa Rica. Years later, that same whale was photographed off the coast of Chile in South America, a new study reports. The two places are separated by about 5,200 kilometers. That means the whale, nicknamed Isabella, swam farther than the distance between New York and Los Angeles.
Blue whales are found in all the world’s oceans but live in deep waters. So there are few places where they can be found easily. What’s more, they were nearly driven by whaling a century ago. Populations are increasing. But because there are so few of the animals, they are still considered endangered.
One blue whale may look like any other to the untrained eye. But each animal has special spots (斑点). “We use those spots as the fingerprints of blue whales,” Torres Florez says. To make the comparison job easier, scientists focus on the area around a whale’s dorsal fin (鳍), which is on its back. “Comparing those spots we are able to tell if a whale is the same whale we saw in different places or if the same whale is seen during different years in the same place,” he says.
Isabella is probably not the only blue whale to travel so far, the researchers say. Members of her population likely migrate regularly from Chile to the Galapagos. In summer months, Torres Florez notes, waters in the far southern Pacific are loaded with krill, but that food disappears in winter. That’s when the whales travel north to warm, tropical (热带的) waters near the Galapagos. There, instead of feeding, the whales produce babies. Scientists don’t yet know why whales prefer to produce babies in tropical locations. But the ocean there may be warmer and calmer and have fewer killer whales that would feed on baby blue whales, Torres Florez says.
1．What can we infer about blue whales in Paragraph 2
A．They are no longer at the risk of dying out.
B．It’s difficult for scientists to study them.
C．They can’t live well in a new environment.
D．It is common for people to see them worldwide.
2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．How to study blue whales.
B．The spots of blue whales.
C．How to find out the exact blue whale.
D．The habits and lifestyle of blue whales.
3．What does the underlined word “migrate” mean
A．演变 B．分离 C．迁徙 D．繁殖
4．According to Torres Florez, whales prefer to produce babies in tropical waters probably because ________.
A．there is enough food for baby blue whales
B．they don’t have enemies there
C．it’s easy for them to find a mate there
D．it’s easy for baby blue whales to remain alive there
5．In which part of a newspaper would you probably read the passage
A．Traditional Custom.
B．Job Wanted.
C．School Life.
D．Nature.
2、（2022·浙江台州·统考中考真题）
①Would you like to get fewer colds and feel better Would you like to have a taste of a special plant Would you like to keep a plant with little care An Aloe Vera plant could be just what the scientists may suggest!
②Growing Aloe Vera plants at home can make the air clean and fresh. Studies have shown that they give off oxygen(O ) and take away harmful things from the air. With clean and fresh air, you are more likely to stay away from colds, sore throats and dry coughs. And even if you do get sick, Aloe Vera plants may help you get better from the illness faster.
③Did you know that Aloe Vera plants can be used as medicine Aloe Vera gel(胶体) helps to deal with the pain of burns. And it also helps with itchiness(痒) caused by insect bites. To get this gel, just cut off a part of the plant, peel it, and put the gel on the affected skin(患处). This easy-to-get and safe-to-use medicine is available to you all year round.
④Apart from medical use, Aloe Vera plants are also popular in food industry. Whether you are interested in Aloe juice or crazy about Aloe yogurt, you’ll easily find them in the supermarket. Aloe Vera can also go with other vegetables to make a safe dish on your dinner table.
⑤ ▲ They like dry, warm air with bright light, so they grow best when placed near a window. Aloe Vera plants are able to keep water in their leaves. So, they do not need to be watered so often as most houseplants. Just wait until the earth is completely dry before you water them. When watering, make sure the earth is wet enough so that it can last for a long time. That’s all you need to do to to take care of an Aloe Vera plant. Isn’t it the perfect plant for lazy and forgetful gardeners.
6．In Paragraph 1, the writer leads into the topic by ________.
A．telling stories B．listing numbers
C．giving examples D．asking questions
7．What are the uses of Aloe Vera gel as medicine in Paragraph 3
a. It’s good for eyes. b. It stops nosebleed.
c. It helps with the itchiness. d. It helps people lose weight.
e. It deals with the pain of burns.
A．c,e B．a,b C．b,d D．a,d
8．Which of the following can be the best to fill in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 5
A．Aloe Vera plants help you improve memory.
B．Aloe Vera plants are very easy to take care of.
C．Aloe Vera plants can serve as a delicious dish.
D．Aloe Vera plants are good-looking houseplants.
9．The structure of the passage may be ________.
A． B． C． D．
3.（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）
Can you imagine a world without insects Without ants or flies in your house, it might sound great. However, the results may be out of imagination.
The number of insects has dropped by half in the past few years, according to a British biologist Dave Coulson. You may think small insects are not important. But in fact they are the main part of the species(物种)on Earth.
Insects are indeed on the way to extinction, according to the first review of insect population. The researchers say the main reason for this is the use of pesticides(杀虫剂)because they destroy insects’ living areas. Also, weather change is another important cause.
“Unless we change our ways of producing food, insects will go down the way to extinction in a few years,” the researchers wrote in the review. “This will have huge influences on the planet’s ecosystem(生态系统).”
We need insects to pollinate(授粉)crops. They also break down(分解)dead plants and animals, which can keep the soil healthy. Without insects, many animals would have nothing to eat and die of hunger. Then, the ecosystem would be off balance.
“If the number of insect species keep dropping, this will have bad influences on both Earth’s ecosystem and the survival of us humans,” said one of the writers of the review.
“The first step to stop this is to let more people understand the values of the natural world,” he suggests. “The best place to start is from our children, who should realize environmental protection from an early age.”
10．The underlined word “extinction” means “________”.
A．pollution B．death C．harm D．protection
11．Paragraph 5 is mainly about ________.
A．the reason for producing food B．the problem of animals and plants
C．the way to keep soil healthy D．the importance of insects
12．From the passage, we can know ________.
A．insects may destroy the balance of the ecosystem
B．ants and flies are the main part of the species on Earth
C．humans’ actions influence the number of insects
D．weather change has little influence on insects
4.（2022·吉林长春·统考中考真题）
As we all know, fresh flowers can make a room look and smell good. They also have some magic power.
Martin lay in hospital for weeks after falling from a building in 2011. He faced a lot of surgeries（手术）and began losing hope. Martin’s friends and family members came to visit him. They brought him fresh flowers each day. Then something wonderful happened. Martin’s condition started to improve, and he looked towards the future with more hope.
Martin soon realized that other patients around him weren’t receiving the same kind of emotional（情感上的）support. This inspired him to go from room to room, giving away his flowers to them. The results were amazing. He watched people’s misery turn into happiness.
After leaving the hospital, Martin couldn’t forget the power of his flowers. Six months later, to help more people, he started a project called the Simple Sunflower Project. He collected used flowers from some events like weddings（婚礼）and then the flowers were given to people in hospitals and the old people’s homes. In the first year, the project served no more than 100 people. But in the following 10 years, it gave away flowers to nearly 30,000 people.
Many studies have found that fresh flowers as well as plants are good for people’s health. To test the result, the University of Tennessee Medical Center did a study on the Simple Sunflower Project. Almost 95% of the patients who had received flowers had an improvement in their emotional condition. When staying in hospital, people felt not as comfortable as at home, but the Simple Sunflower Project helped them in some ways. Flowers could make them less stressed and less painful. Patients with flowers had shorter hospital stays as well. Flowers make a great difference.
13．Which is the right order of the following facts
① Martin fell from a building.
② Martin started the Simple Sunflower Project.
③ Martin went from room to room giving away his flowers.
④ Martin received flowers each day from his friends and family members.
A．①④③② B．①④②③ C．④②①③ D．④③①②
14．What does the underlined word “misery” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Surprise. B．Doubt. C．Shame. D．Sadness.
15．Why did Martin start the Simple Sunflower Project
A．To catch people’s eyes. B．To help more people.
C．To collect used flowers. D．To show his favorite flowers.
16．Which advantage of flowers is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 5
A．Flowers make patients less painful.
B．Flowers make patients less stressed.
C．Patients with flowers can stay awake.
D．Patients with flowers have shorter hospital stays.
17．What could be the best title of the passage
A．Flower Power B．A Successful Study
C．Flowers and Plants D．Martin’s Experience in Hospital
5.（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）
Bear details International Polar Bear Day is Feb 27. Climate change harms polar bears because they depend on sea ice to hunt, produce babies and travel. Every ten years, the arctic（北极的）sea ice has declined（减少）at a rate of 13%. Over 2/3 of the world’s polar bears are found in Canada. Polar bears can walk more than 3,000 km each month, An adult male can weigh over 600 kg. Of the 19 subpopulations（亚群）. 4 are in decline. How can we help polar bears Reduce your carbon footprint（碳足迹）. It helps to reduce climate change’s effect on polar bears. Support action groups that protect them. Learn more about the difficult situation of polar bears. Support eco-friendly tourism to polar regions（极地）to see them.
18．When is International Polar Bear Day A．May 26. B．March 12. C．August 27. D．February 27.
19．Why does climate change harm polar bears
A．Because they depend on sea ice to hunt, produce babies and travel.
B．Because they depend on sea ice to look after babies.
C．Because the arctic sea ice has declined.
D．Both A and C．
20．Where can we find most of the world’s polar bears
A．In America. B．In Canada. C．In China. D．In Japan.
21．How can we help polar bears
A．Increase your carbon footprint.
B．Join action groups to protect polar bears.
C．Learn more about the difficult situation of polar bears.
D．Support more tourism to polar regions to see polar bears.
22．Which of the following is TRUE
A．An adult male polar bear can weigh over 600 kg.
B．Polar bears can walk more than 5,000 km each month.
C．Of the 18 subpopulations, 4 are in decline.
D．Every ten years, the arctic sea ice has declined at a rate of 23%.
6.（2022·山东潍坊·统考中考真题）
What do three hearts, eight arms and one huge brain add up to An octopus, a creature that can do amazing things. Octopuses are very clever. As they don’t have teeth or sharp claws to defend themselves, they have ever learnt a few tricks to get out of dangerous situations. Do you know how they do that
They often hide themselves in the sand on the bottom of the ocean floor. Some octopuses like to stay in more shallow water where there are rocks. Because octopuses have very soft bodies, they can hide themselves into small spaces between the rocks to get rid of enemies.
The octopus is like a chameleon because it can change the color of its skin to match the sand. This color change happens in less than a minute.
Another way an octopus can protect itself is by shooting ink. It can shoot ink into the water. The ink forms a cloud to blind its enemies. It's like a magician doing a disappearing act.
If an octopus is being attacked, it can make itself look like a sea snake. It will bury itself in the sand except two arms. It will change the color of those arms to match a sea snake.
But what if there’s no time to escape It can break off one of its arms. The arm will then change colors and move around the water. As the enemy starts chasing after the arm, the octopus can swim away quickly. Don’t worry, though. The octopus’ arm will grow back soon.
23．How many tricks are mentioned in the text
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
24．Why is an octopus like a chameleon
A．It has three hearts. B．It has eight arms.
C．It can make itself look like a snake. D．It can change the color of its skin.
25．What does an octopus do in time of great danger
A．Run after its enemy. B．Break off one arm.
C．Fight with sharp teeth. D．Move around the water.
26．What is the best title for this text
A．Adventures in water B．Magician of the sea
C．Soft bodies between rocks D．Enemy behind the cloud
7.（2022·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）
①Otters (水猴) are cute water animals. Recently, there has been a trend (趋势) of keeping them as pets. In Japan, some “otter cafes” are open for business. People can pay to play with the otters there and to take photos with them. In Indonesia, people go swimming with their pet otters and take “funny” videos. These photos and videos posted online have attracted more people to buy otters as pets.
②However, these photos and videos mask the fact that the online trade is doing harm to otters. In the wild, baby otters usually stay with their mothers during their first year of life. According to a report, 70 percent of otters sold online are under a year old. These baby otters have been stolen from their mothers. When they’re kept as pets by humans, they do not live full, natural lives.
③Otters are very social (群居的). They live in family groups of up to fifteen in the wild. Keeping an otter as a pet can make it very sad and lonely. These animals also need enough space to swim. Their owners’ bathtubs (浴缸) or pools are much smaller than the bodies of water in the wild.
④On the other hand, it is not wise to keep otters as pets at home. They have a very special fishy smell. If they’re kept indoors, they will leave a lot of droppings around the house. This would make the smell even more unpleasant. Besides, when otters are upset, they will make loud noises and even attack (攻击) people. If a person is bitten by an otter, he or she needs to go to the hospital immediately.
⑤So, what can we do to stop the otter pet trade Well, one of the main ways is to let more people know that otters should not be kept as pets. We should also keep an eye on online posts about these animals. When photos and videos show baby otters being kept or sold as pets, don’t share them.
27．People like to keep otters as pets because they are ________.
A．lonely B．cute C．friendly D．quiet
28．The underlined word “mask” has the closest meaning to ________.
A．show B．protect C．hide D．change
29．Because of the online pet trade, otters ________.
A．may often fall ill B．can’t live a social life C．have no food to eat D．have no place to swim
30．What does Paragraph ④ mainly tell us
A．Otters don’t make good pets. B．Otters are dangerous to people.
C．Otters may live a hard life as pets. D．Otters often make a mess in the room.
31．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A．To stop people from keeping pets at home.
B．To introduce the ways of protecting pet otters.
C．To show the facts of the online otter pet trade.
D．To tell people to say no to the otter pet trade.
8.（2022·四川资阳·统考中考真题）
In March, 2020, 16 wild Asian elephants began travelling across Yunnan in their own special “tour group”. They travelled more than 500 km and two baby elephants were born along the way. At last, 14 elephants returned home safely in December, 2021. Already famous at home, these elephants also became “international stars”.
Some international media(媒体) followed the elephants’ tour from their home in Xishuangbanna to other parts of Yunnan. Some people described them as “smart” and “adventurous (冒险的)”. Social media like Twitter and YouTube were full of videos of the elephants. One video about the elephants sleeping together got nearly 300,000 views and 12,000 likes on Twitter.
On the elephants’ tour, people treated them with care. People didn’t get close to them, hurt them or drive them away. The world saw China’s work to protect the wild elephants. And the attention to the wild elephants will encourage more people to get along well with animals.
32．How many elephants returned home safely
A．2. B．14. C．16. D．18.
33．What do we know about the elephants
A．They are 21 months old. B．They ran away from a zoo.
C．They are only famous in China. D．They have travelled over 500 km.
34．How did some people describe the elephants
A．Clever. B．Weak. C．Strange. D．Friendly.
35．What should people do according to the last paragraph
A．Drive wild animals away. B．Get along well with animals.
C．Watch videos about wild animals. D．Pay no attention to wild animals.
9.（2022·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）
The swan(天鹅) is a very gentle bird. It likes to swim on lakes. When it is young, it is grey and not a pretty bird at all. But when it is full-grown, it is as white as snow.
Look at the swan in the picture. See how graceful(优雅的) it is while the swan is swimming.
The swan builds its nest(巢) among high grass near the water. It is made of dry sticks and is placed on the ground. Here the swan lays its eggs.
As soon as the young swans are born, their mother leaves them and returns to the water. They need no school and no teaching, they can swim well at once.
________ They are made for swimming. All birds that love the water and swim in it, have webs(蹼). Swans, ducks and a number of other birds have web-feet. They can all swim well, but hens(母鸡) and chickens can not swim at all, for they don’t have webs like the swan and the duck.
The swan has a long neck, so it can reach its food without diving(潜水) as ducks do. The swan feeds on the leaves of water-plants.
36．When the swan is young, it is ________.
A．white B．black C．brown D．grey
37．The swan’s nest is made of ________.
A．leaves B．grass C．dry sticks D．water-plants
38．Which of the sentences can be put in “________” in paragraph 5
A．Can the swan fly as the other birds B．Have you ever seen the swan’s feet
C．What does the swan’s neck look like D．Is the swan different from the duck
39．The swan uses its neck to ________.
A．reach its food B．wash its webs C．build its nest D．feed its baby
40．The passage is probably from the part of ________ in a magazine.
A．Science Study B．Sports News C．History Events D．Animal World
【答案】36．D 37．C 38．B 39．A 40．D
10.（2022·山东滨州·统考中考真题）
How do you greet your friends People from different cultures have different answers; shaking hands, nodding, bowing, kissing on the face. But have you ever wondered how animals “say hello” to each other Here are some examples.
Everyone knows how similar chimpanzees (黑猩猩) are to humans. So it’s no surprise that their greetings are also close to ours. The most common ways of greeting between chimpanzees are hand touching and hugging. Sometimes they also kiss each other. Some chimpanzees can even learn simple sign language.
Giraffes seldom make loud sounds. Their necks can reach two meters in length, making them useful in greeting each other. When two giraffes meet, they may “shake” their necks and rub (摩擦) them against each other. This is to feel how strong and tall the other is.
Dolphins greet one another with whistles (哨声). They can hear other dolphins from many kilometers away. Every dolphin has a different whistle. When two groups of dolphins meet, they each choose a member to “talk” to the other group. The two groups can then travel together. Unlike most of the other animals, dolphins are smart enough to learn a new language by inventing and copying new sounds.
41．Chimpanzees usually greet each other by _________.A．nodding and bowing B．kissing on the face
C．touching hands and hugging D．using a lot of sign language
42．Giraffes rub their necks when they meet in order to _________.
A．reach taller trees B．make loud sounds
C．know about each other D．fight with each other
43．According to the reading, dolphins are _________.
A．friendly and clever B．lazy and quiet
C．strong and playful D．caring and peaceful
44．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Giraffes are about two meters tall.
B．Dolphins can hear each other from far away.
C．Most animals have the ability to learn a new language.
D．Chimpanzees are surprised at humans’ way of greeting.
45．The passage is probably from __________.
A．a guidebook B．a notice board C．a news report D．a nature magazine
（2022·山东临沂·统考中考真题）
Migratory birds （候鸟）fly to different places during different seasons. They may fly day and night for months at a time. During this long journey, when and how do they sleep
In 2016, some scientists studied a group of frigate birds（军舰鸟）during a ten-day flying journey. They found that frigate birds can sleep while they’re flying! According to this study, these birds take two kinds of short sleep.
The first is called Rapid Eye Movement（REM, 快速动眼）sleep. It is the deepest period of sleep. For humans, REM sleep can continue for many minutes. For flying birds, however, REM sleep continues for only a few seconds（秒）. Even so, this period of sleep is still very important for their brain health.
The other kind of short sleep is “half sleep”. Frigate birds put only half of their brain to sleep, while the other half stays awake. The eyes of these birds are always connected to the waking part of their brain. In other words, they sleep with their eyes open. It is still a little dangerous to take such a short sleep, though. So, these birds prefer to stay awake most of the time. Before reaching land, they spend less than three percent of their time sleeping.
However, not all migratory birds sleep in this way. Many will make several stops on their way to get a good rest. Some stay completely awake for their whole journey. Alpine Swifts（高山雨燕）, for example, can keep flying for nearly 200 days. There are few signs of these birds sleeping during their long trips.
The sleeping habits of birds are different from species（物种） to species. This makes the study of migratory birds very exciting for scientists. In the future, we may learn more amazing things about these animals!
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
46．What do we know about frigate birds
A．Their REM sleep continues for many minutes.
B．They don’t sleep during their long trips.
C．They can sleep with their eyes open.
47．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage （P=Paragraph）
A． B． C．
48．After the study of migratory birds, the scientists have found ________.
A．the sleeping habits of birds are different from species to species
B．why migratory birds fly to different places during different seasons
C．all migratory birds spend a little time sleeping during a long journey
49．What’s the best title for the passage
A．Alpine Swifts’ 200-day Trip
B．Frigate Birds’ Flying Journey
C．Sleeping in the Sky
12.（2022·湖北荆州·统考中考真题）
As we can learn from the story in our textbook, guide dogs are the “eyes” of blind people. But how can they be so helpful The answer is simple. Guide dogs practice to be helpful. As part of the training, guide dogs practice getting to the places their owners will need to go. But before this, guide dogs must receive training in many other areas. This is because guiding a person safely is more important than just knowing where to go.
Suppose a tree branch（树枝） is lying on the road in front of a blind person and his guide dog. Since the person cannot see the branch, it’s up to the dog to let him know it is there. If the branch is small the dog may help guide its owner around it. If it is large, the dog will stop the person. Then he knows there is something in the way. He will work with his dog to find a way past the branch.
Many people think a guide dog tells its owner when they can cross the road. This is not true. Instead, the dog usually stops its owner when they have reached the end of a road. Then the blind person listens to their situation and considers if it is safe to cross the road. A blind person and his dog always work as a team.
50．About guide dogs, we can know ________ from the first paragraph.
A．blind people can’t afford a guide dog B．not all dogs can be trained to be helpful
C．dogs are born to be helpful to blind people D．guide dogs learn to be helpful through training
51．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to “________”.
A．the road B．the tree branch C．the blind person D．the dog
52．If there is a large branch on the road in front of its owner, the guide dog will ________.
A．stop its owner B．ask someone for help
C．move it with its owner D．guide its owner around it
53．According to the passage, who will decide if it is safe for a blind person to cross a road
A．The blind person himself. B．His guide dog.
C．Both he and his guide dog. D．A police officer.
13.（2022·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）
Have you ever watched a show about the wild A shark (鲨鱼) eats a seal! Lions run down a gazelle! Is all nature like that All about eating and blood Or is that just what keeps our eyes glued to the TV screen Let’s look at sonic living things who work with each other instead of ripping each other apart.
When a lion kills a gazelle, it wants to eat as much as it can and maybe share the rest with its family. There are some living things that will take small pieces of another living thing’s body. Parasitism is when one living thing gets its energy from another living thing, does not give anything back, and hurts the thing it’s taking things from.
Now let’s get a little nicer. Sometimes a living thing will live off the body of another living thing without hurting it. They do not steal anything. They do not mensalism is when two living things live together and one gets good things out of it while the other is not hurt by it. Have you seen a picture of a whale (鲸) with rocky white things stuck to its skin Those are barnacles(藤壶). They attach themselves to the whale, so nothing will try to eat them and they can eat things that float by.
Now let’s get really nice. While sharks are biting and lions are fighting, are there any animals that just get along Yes! Actually, there are many. Mutualism is when two living things work together and both get good things out of it. Bees and flowers are the most common example. Without flowers, bees could not make honey. Without bees, flowers could not make new seeds. It’s win-win for these two. There are lots of animals that get along. Birds will live on the backs of zebras and eat the ticks that are drinking the zebra’s blood. The bird gets food. The zebra gets its ticks taken away. In some of these cases, one animal could not live without the other.
We use the word “Symbiotic (共生的)” for all of these kinds of relationships. Sometimes it’s good for one and bad for the other. Sometimes it’s just good for one. Sometimes it’s even good for both. So, it is nice to know that there are some living things out there that are finding ways to live together. We could pay attention to the animals that do not always make it on TV.
54．The writer mentioned a TV show about the wild in Paragraph 1 to ________.
A．tell a story B．solve a mystery
C．Introduce a subject D．discuss a programme
55．Which of the following best describes the relationship between bees and flowers
A．Neighbours. B．Friends. C．Strangers. D．Partners.
56．How does the writer develop the passage
A．By showing pictures. B．By giving examples.
C．By presenting reasons. D．By drawing conclusions.
57．What can we infer from the passage
A．The world of living things remains to be explored.
B．More actions should be taken to protect living things.
C．TV programmes about living things require to be improved.
D．More money will be spent on documentaries about living things.
14.（2022·山东枣庄·统考中考真题）
During the past summer season, photos of snow leopards were taken by five different special cameras in Pingwu, Sichuan province, surprising many wildlife scientists. This shows that the living area of snow leopards in China’s southwestern mountains has become larger.
Pingwu, about 4,200 meters above the sea level, is famous for being home to a large number of wild pandas. The fourth national survey of pandas in 2015 found that there were 1,864 wild pandas in China, including 335 in Pingwu. As a result, over half of Pingwu’s land area has become part of the Panda National Park, which has a planned area of 22,000 square kilometers across Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. It is among five national parks China named in October, 2021.
Through shutting down mines (煤矿), planting more trees and other measures, protection efforts in the park have not only made pandas less endangered, but also are offering safety and protection for other rare species (珍稀物种). About 87% of the Panda National Park lies in Sichuan. It’s the home of more than 8,000 species of animals and plants.
The province has used special cameras and forest protectors as a closely connected protection system. Thousands of forest protectors have been working year-round on more than 900 routes. Over the past four years, they have met rare animals for about 1,600 times. In Pingwu alone, more than 4,100 species of plants and 1,900 species of animals have benefited from the protection of pandas. For example, the number of takin, a rare animal, has increased by 10% over the past ten years. Meanwhile, the protection of pandas causes the development of human society, too.
58．Why does the Panda National Park include Pingwu
A．Because Pingwu is about 4,200 meters above the sea level.
B．Because there are 1,864 wild pandas in Pingwu.
C．Because there are many wild pandas in Pingwu.
D．Because it has an area of 22,000 square kilometers.
59．What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “benefited” in Paragraph 4
A．受益 B．受害 C．支持 D．获得
60．Which is the best title of this passage
A．The Reasons for Protecting Pandas B．Good Results of Protecting Pandas
C．The Introduction of Pingwu D．The Animals and Plants in Pingwu
15.（2022·贵州毕节·统考中考真题）
If you travel in New Zealand, you may find some very interesting things. It is called “New Zealand Four Strange Things”.
Have you ever seen that cows are lined up New Zealand is so large. It is impossible for people to milk cows by hand. So the farmers trained the leading cow to take the cows to the milking station twice a day. The leading cow has a sensor（传感器）on its head. When it is time for milking, the sensor warns the leading cow to take the lead.
Horses are mainly raised for viewing（观赏）and racing, so the coat color is very important. Wearing sunscreen（防晒）clothes on horses can avoid the harm from the sun. The clothes on horses are filled with weights that are the same weight of the rider. When the weights are replaced by the rider during the race, “________” just like the sportsman running with sandbags.
Sheep in New Zealand used to have tails. Because they poop（排便）when they’re born, grass flies are interested in them. Grass flies lay their eggs in the tails of the baby sheep, causing illness and death. Then people tie their tails. As time passes, the sheep become tailless. This improves the survival rate（成活率）.
New Zealand’s alpacas（羊驼）were introduced from South America. They are quite different from two-humped camels（双峰驼）. An alpaca weighs about 55 kg to 65 kg. Its shape is like a sheep. Only one grown-up male（雄性）alpaca can be found in each group. It is the leading one. Alpacas are gentle, clever and human.
61．Why do the cows in New Zealand stand in line A．Because the cows want to eat grass. B．Because the cows are ready for milking.
C．Because the cows used to do so. D．Because the leading cow asks them to do so.
62．Which of the following can be put in “________”
A．the horses will be used to running with weights B．the horses can run faster than before
C．the horses won’t be able to run D．the horses will not be used to running
63．How do people make sheep’s tails become tailless
A．By cutting them. B．By tying them. C．By pulling them. D．By pushing them.
64．How much does an alpaca weigh
A．About 30 kg to 40 kg. B．About 40 kg to 50 kg.
C．About 50 kg to 60 kg. D．About 55 kg to 65 kg.
65．Which is the best title for this article
A．Travel in New Zealand B．Cows, Horses, Sheep and Alpacas
C．New Zealand Four Strange Things D．Animals in New Zealand
16.（2022·湖南永州·统考中考真题）
Smart, Social Animals
Recently, researchers have found that dolphins know their own names much like people. Dolphins talk to one another with whistles(口哨) and calls. Scientists have known that the animals also use unusual whistles to name each other. They had thought that dolphins only heard each other’s voices. However, the scientists didn’t know that dolphins listen for their names too.
To test this idea, the researchers caught 14 dolphins and recorded their name calls. The scientists then copied each dolphin’s voice. When the changed recordings were played, the dolphins replied strongly to the names of their relatives and group members. They paid no attention to the names of dolphins they did not know.
Dolphins live in large groups that grow and change. Each dolphin’s unusual whistle helps it quickly find a friend or a family member, or call for help. Understanding their calls requires learning. It’s a skill that’s seen in very few animals, which include humans, elephants and bats.
Elephants, for example, communicate with sound. Their sounds can be heard by other elephants miles away. Dolphins, too, communicate with each other by making sounds like this.
Elephants also communicate by moving their head, feet and trunk. In much the same way, dolphins communicate by their movements. They often touch each other to express friendship.
Unlike dolphins, elephants also communicate by their great sense of smell. They can recognize other elephants by the smells they have.
Why do dolphins and elephants share the gift of communication Scientists think it may be because they are social and smart animals. Both have strong family relationship. Now, whether they also have nicknames is another question!
66．What have researchers found about dolphins recently
A．Dolphins know their own names.
B．Dolphins only hear each other’s voices.
C．Dolphins talk to one another not much like people.
67．Just before the researchers recorded dolphins’name calls, they ________.
A．copied dolphins’ voice
B．caught 14 dolphins
C．trained the dolphins to whistle
68．When a dolphin gets into trouble, what will it do
A．It will call for help.
B．It will turn its head.
C．It will touch another dolphin.
69．What are the differences between dolphins and elephants in communication
A．Elephants can communicate by smell.
B．Elephants can communicate by sound.
C．Dolphins can communicate by movement.
70．What does the underlined word “recognize" mean in Chinese
A．驱逐 B．认出 C．触碰
17.（2022·河南·统考中考真题）
There’s nothing quite like falling sound asleep after a full day of work. Like people, animals need to rest after working hard. Some animals sleep in water. Others dig holes under the ground. Some even sleep high in trees or under leaves. But they all find a way to rest.
Some animals in the sea sleep in strange ways. Fish sleep with their eyes open. They seem to look ahead far into the sea while they rest. Sea otters sometimes sleep in beds of the plants that grow in the sea. This keeps them from moving away. Parrotfish blow something from their mouths when they are ready to sleep. Then a bubble (气泡) will be formed around them. The bubble protects them from harm while they sleep.
Some animals sleep under the ground. Chipmunks (花栗鼠) sleep curled up (蜷缩) in a ball. Their beds are made of leaves and grass. In winter, they sleep for two weeks and wake up to eat the stored food. Then they go back to sleep for another two weeks before waking up again. Some desert frogs dig underground holes during the hot, dry season. A frog may stay in its hole for months.
High above the ground, monkeys find leafy places in trees each evening before they sleep. The tall trees help to keep monkeys safe during the night. Some insects even sleep under the leaf that will be their next meal. A bee may climb down into a flower to rest. When it climbs out the next morning, it is rested and ready for work.
71．What animals blow bubbles when they sleep
A．Sea otters. B．Monkeys. C．Desert frogs. D．Parrotfish.
72．What do we know about chipmunks according to the text
A．They rest with their eyes open.
B．They never sleep curled up in a ball.
C．They wake up now and then in winter.
D．They don’t eat any food during the winter.
73．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．The forest where monkeys sleep safely.
B．The animals that sleep above the ground.
C．The reason why bees climb down into flowers.
D．The ways that keep animals away from danger.
74．What is the structure of the passage (P-Paragraph)
A． B． C． D．
75．What’s the best title for the text
A．Where animals live B．Why animals move
C．How animals sleep D．What animals feed on
18.（2022·四川乐山·统考中考真题）
Do you think only humans are crazy about electronic products You are wrong. 12 zoos in the United States and Canada have carried out (实施) a programme called Apps for Apes (大猩猩). It has found that the apes are also interested in playing iPads.
“We find that, similar to people, the apes like touching the screen and watching short videos,” said Richard Zimmerman, a manager of the programme.
The apes in these zoos can play iPads twice a week. Every time, they spend from 15 minutes to half an hour using different apps in iPads. They are most interested in apps for children, such as drawing, music and memory games.
Zimmerman said, “It’s like when we’re showing pop-up books (立体书) to children. The apes are among the most intelligent (智能的) animals, they are as clever as young children.”
The workers in the zoo are also studying how communication apps can help the apes better. “We find that an ape has a toothache. He would be able to touch a picture of a tooth on the iPad and communicate in that way,” said Zimmerman.
The programme wants to make people pay attention to the living problems of apes in the wild. The apes are in danger because people cut down too many forests.
76．How many times can the apes play iPads in a week
A．Two times. B．Three times. C．Four times.
77．Which of the following apps can make apes most interested in
A．Working. B．Shopping. C．Painting.
78．What can we learn about apes from the article
A．Apes can make pop-up books.
B．Apes are as smart as young children.
C．Apes use apps to protect themselves.
79．How does the ape communicate when it has a toothache
A．By touching the picture. B．By telling the doctor. C．By showing its nose.
80．Where is this article most probably from
A．A magazine about children. B．A magazine about animals. C．A magazine about hobbies.
19.（2022·重庆·统考中考真题）
Welcome to our school farm! I’m Potato.
Dry me in the sun for 2 hours. Plant me about 20cm deep in the ground. Use the soil in No. 6 box. The best temperature is between 15℃ and 20℃. After 2 or 3 weeks. A potato plant will rise out of the ground. The potato plant will flower. When the flowers die, carefully dig up the potato plant. Then you’ll have your own potatoes.
81．Dry me in the sun for ________.A．2 hours B．20 hours C．8 days D．15 days
82．Plant me ________.
A．on the leaves B．on the moon C．in the hat D．in the ground
83．Carefully dig up the potato plant when ________.
A．the soil is wet B．the temperature is 15℃
C．the flowers die D．you see the school farm
20.（2022·重庆·统考中考真题）
Orangutans
Orangutans are nature lovers. They like hanging out in the tree. They spend 95% of their time up there in the tree. They sleep and eat in their nests(巢). The nests are big enough for even a 10-year-old kid to play in.
Pigs
Pigs may not look so cute when they find mud(泥) holes. They like playing in the mud -it is like their natural playground. And when it is hot, they stay in the mud to cool themselves. They don’t care how dirty they get.
Sea turtles
Sea turtle eggs are like ping-pong balls. After baby turtles break out of the eggs they get themselves out of the sand and hurry to leave the beach for the sea. They swim for 24 hours in the sea to stay away from danger.
84．In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the passages
A．Sports. B．Health. C．Nature. D．News.
85．Orangutans like hanging out ________.
A．in the tree B．on the beach C．in the sea D．in the mud
86．On hot days, pigs like to play in the mud to ________.
A．look for food B．lean skills C．fall asleep D．cool themselves
87．Which of the following is true according to the passages
A．Sea turtles have eggs like soccer balls.
B．Baby sea turtles are good swimmers.
C．Sea turtles lay their eggs in the sea.
D．Baby sea turtles are safe on the beach.
21.（2022·四川成都·统考中考真题）
Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree Animals can’t talk, but can they lie with their bodies and behavior Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Dishonesty often helps them survive（生存）.
Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. A bird called the plover sometimes pretends （假装） to be hurt in order to protect its young. When an enemy gets close to its nest, the plover pretends to have a broken wing. The enemy follows the “hurt” adult, leaving the baby birds safe.
Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries （埋） its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays also steal food. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when others are watching them. So they get back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.
Chimpanzees can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimpanzee will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimpanzee puts out its hand, too, the chimpanzees are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimpanzee take the winner’s hand and start fighting again. When chimpanzees find food, it’s natural for them to cry out. Then other chimpanzees come running. But some clever chimpanzees learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimpanzees don’t hear them, and they don’t need to share the food.
88．Why does the plover pretend to be hurt
A．To show its friendliness. B．To save its young. C．To catch the enemy.
89．What do clever scrub jays do with their food
A．They bury the food deep. B．They watch the food. C．They bury the food twice.
90．What will the chimpanzee probably do after crying softly
A．It will eat all the food it finds.
B．It will share the food with others.
C．It will fight again with the winner.
91．According to Paragraph 4, in which picture can we find a sneaky animal
A． B． C．
92．What is the best title of the passage
A．Do animals lie B．Honesty or dishonesty C．How do animals protect lives
22.（2022·福建漳州·统考模拟预测）
Spit is good for us in many ways. Without spit in our mouths, we would have a hard time talking. We would find it even harder to eat and swallow(吞咽). But for some animals, spit works better after it has left the mouth. Some animals are great spitters.
Llamas are animals often found in zoos and farms. These animals seem to like their personal space even though they live in groups. Sometimes llamas even spit on each other to get food! This trick usually works, because llama spit includes food from the llama’s stomach, and it can be quite smelly. When a llama spits on another animal, the animal usually no longer wants to eat, so it walks away, leaving its food behind.
The archerfish is a very skilled spitter. When it sees a bug(虫子), it spits water out of its mouth to where the bug is sitting on a plant. Once hit by the water, the bug is likely to fall off and land in the lake where it becomes lunch for the archerfish.
Spitting cobras are also known for their spitting skills. These snakes spit venom(毒液) to protect themselves. Scientists believe that these snakes aim(瞄准) for the eyes! When the cobra’s venom gets into the eyes of an animal, the venom causes terrible pain, and even blindness. This gives the snake lots of time to get away.
The walrus spits water at the mud(泥) on the sea floor to get food. This trick is useful because the walrus has very small eyes and poor eyesight(视力). Walruses are also known to spit out water when just playing around.
Spitting is considered to be impolite in people. But for some animals, spitting can be a clever way to get lunch or a clever way to not become lunch!
93．What do we know about Llamas
A．They eat a lot. B．Their spit is quite smelly.
C．They live alone. D．They do not like people.
94．How does the archerfish catch a bug
A．They spit venom at the bug. B．They spit mud at the bug.
C．They spit water to hit the bug off. D．They take aim at the bug’s eyes.
95．Which animal spits to protect themselves
A．The cobra. B．The llama. C．The walrus. D．The archerfish.
96．What do the four animals have in common
A．They have poor eyesight.
B．They spit to run away from danger.
C．Their spit can cause pain and blindness.
D．Their spit is more useful after it has left their mouths.
97．What is the best title for the text
A．No Spitting B．Great Spitters in Nature
C．How Animals Stay Safe D．The Importance of Spitting
23.（2023·四川成都·统考一模）
Most of us think elephants and dogs are very smart animals in the world. Now there is one more animal that can be added to the list—sheep. Scientists say that sheep can be trained to recognize（识别）human faces.
Before testing, scientists guide the sheep to look at pictures of the four famous people. The sheep went into a farm with two computer screens. Each screen showed a human face. One screen showed a famous person and the other showed a random（随机的）person. The sheep could walk towards the screen with the famous face.
After discovering sheep’s ability to recognize famous people, scientists wanted to see whether they could correctly recognize the same people from different ways. The sheep are still able to recognize them, though they were a bit slower to recognize the pictures than before.
Finally, the researchers wondered if the sheep could recognize their trainers from photos. Their trainers were shown on screens along with many strange faces. Then, the sheep found them successfully. The results show the face-recognition abilities of sheep are similar to those of monkeys, elephants and humans.
Face recognition is a difficult process for most animals. But sheep have big brains. When they see other sheep, they use this process to recognize one another.
98．What did the sheep do before the test on a farm
A．They lived with the famous people on the farm.
B．They looked at the pictures of four famous people.
C．They were trained to look at some random people’s faces on computer.
99．Which question is answered
A．Who are the four famous people in the research
B．How long does the sheep look at the famous people’s faces
C．Whether could the sheep correctly recognize the same people from other ways
100．How many tests on the sheep are mentioned in the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.
101．What can we learn from the passage
A．The sheep failed to recognize their trainers in photos.
B．Sheep are born with the ability to recognize each other.
C．Dogs have the same ability to recognize humans’ faces as elephants.
102．Where can we probably read the passage
A．In a science magazine. B．In a police artist’s report. C．In a storybook.
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