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第十二周——2022-2023学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册、选择性必修第四册每周一测
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line(装配线) on September 27, 1908. Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them.
Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be American—going forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history.
In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with "a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage" Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.
The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.
The problems of excessive(过度的) energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.
Friedman points out that the green economy(经济) is a chance to keep American strength. "The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century."
1.Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2
A.To explain Americans' love for travelling by car.
B.To show the influence of cars on American culture.
C.To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.
D.To praise the effectiveness of America's road system.
2.What has the use of cars in America led to
A.Decline of economy. B.Environmental problems.
C.A shortage of oil supply. D.A farm-based society.
3.What is Friedman's attitude towards America's future
A.Ambiguous. B.Doubtful. C.Hopeful. D.Tolerant.
B
Anyone who commutes(通勤)by car knows that traffic jams are an unavoidable part of life. But humans are not alone in facing potential traffic jam. Ants also commute一between their nest and sources of food. The survival of their colonies(群体) depends on doing this efficiently.
"The more they are, the more food they're going to bring back. But at the same time, they might end up with traffic jam because there are too many of them." Sebastien Motsch, a mathematician in Arizona State University said. When humans commute, there's a point at which cars become dense enough to slow down the flow of traffic, causing congestion. Motsch and his colleagues wanted to know if ants on the move could also get blocked. So they control traffic density by constructing bridges of various widths between a colony of Argentine ants and a source of food. Then they waited and watched.
The flow of ants did increase initially as ants started to fill the bridge and then stabilize at high densities. But it never slowed down, even when the bridge was nearly filled with ants. The researchers then took a closer look at how the behavior of individual ants impacted traffic as a whole. That meant cautiously tracking thousands of separate ants as they made their way across the bridge.
Motsch and his team found that when ants sense overcrowding, they adjust their speeds and avoid entering high-density areas, which prevents congestion. These behaviors may be made by pheromones (外激素),chemicals that tell other ants where a trail is. The ants also manage to avoid colliding with each other at high densities, which could really slow them down.
Can ants help us solve our own traffic problems Not likely, says Motsch. That's because when it comes to getting from point A to point B as fast as possible, human drivers put their own goals first. Individual ants have to be more cooperative in order to feed the colony. But the research could be useful in bettering traffic flow for self-driving cars, which can be designed to be less like selfish humans一and more like ants.
1. What is the purpose of the research
A. To compare humans with ants. B. To see how ants, avoid traffic jam.
C. To solve the problem of traffic jam. D. To see whether ants will encounter a traffic jam.
2. What did the researchers do before testing the ants
A. They built bridges of different widths. B. They made the ants on the move.
C. They watched the ants closely. D. They got the ants blocked.
3. What is the result of the research
A. The ants avoid entering high-density areas.
B. The ants never stop and no traffic jam happens.
C. The ants sense overcrowding and adjust their speed.
D. The ants give off chemicals to tell others where they can go.
4. What's the researchers' attitude to solving our own traffic jam
A. Optimistic. B. Doubtful. C. Indifferent. D. Supportive.
C
Winning one professional tennis championship is difficult. Imagine winning 100 of them! Swiss tennis star Roger Federer just did that on March 2, 2019.
Federer collected his 100th trophy (奖杯) from the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) by winning the Dubai Duty Free Tennis Championships. He beat Stefanos Tsitsipas, a young player from Greece. "Reaching 100 is absolutely a dream coming true for me," he said at the presentation ceremony. "I'm so happy I am still playing. It's been a long, wonderful journey."
Federer's journey started in 2001. In the Milan Indoor final, Federer beat Frenchman Julien Boutter and won his first ATP title at age 20. After the match, the media described him as "one of the up-and-coming players on the men's tennis scene".
For most of his 23 years as a professional athlete, Federer has managed to keep a good image, both on and off the court. But sometimes he doubted himself and his physical abilities. He recently said that he had been suffering a hand injury since 2016." I hurt my hand in training. It's had more consequences than I thought," Federer told SonntagsZeitung, a German newspaper.
Federer is driven to continue by his perseverance and love of the game. "You need to be stubborn, and believe diligence is going to pay off," he told Tennis World USA. His determination has clearly paid off. He's now compared to legendary US player Jimmy Connors, who set the record of 109 titles. "What Jimmy did was an unbelievable achievement and I'm also proud of things I have done," Federer said.
1.Why was March 2, 2019 a special day for Roger Federer
A.He was defeated by a much younger player.
B.He had to retire because of injury.
C.He won his 100th ATP title at the Dubai Duty Free Tennis Championships.
D.He became the youngest player to win the most titles for tennis players.
2. How did the media describe Federer when he beat Julien Boutter
A.Promising. B.Talented. C.Proud. D.Creative.
3.What is the key to Federe's success
A.Never doubting your abilities. B.Keeping working hard.
C.Learning from past experience. D.Trying to follow a role model.
4.What is the best title for the article
A.The achievements of Roger Federer B.Roger Federer got the 100th trophy
C.Roger Federer's tennis skills D.The difficulties Roger Federer got through
D
Last year, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that 55 million people in the U.S. are "gig workers" which is more than 35 percent of the U.S. workforce. That number is projected to jump to 43 percent by 2020.
People are drawn to gig work (零工) because it brings in a little extra income without a major time commitment. And recent technologies like Skype, Slack, and Dropbox have made the gig life a reality, giving you maximum freedom, an ideal work-life balance, and the chance to pursue your passions.
If you're thinking of joining the gig economy, it's never been easier. One of the great things about the gig economy is that you don't have a boss breathing down your neck. As a freelancer, you no longer have to cater to a company culture or work schedule that might cause physical or emotional stress. Instead, you get to choose the type of work you do and who you work with. But this degree of freedom requires a corresponding amount of discipline. With no boss to make sure you're on task, it's all on you.
A lot of gig workers start their careers by hopping on a project because the employer is desperate and in need of help. On the employer's end, it's tough to take on people for higher management positions when the pool of talent is full of gig workers who haven't been given an opportunity to improve their skills. Businesses have to evolve to learn how to account for an influx (涌入) of temporary workers. It is harder for gig workers to become skilled and get promoted.
The workforce is becoming more advanced and educated by the day. You have to keep learning and keep up with industry trends to maintain a competitive edge. This is true even for people in traditional office settings, but it's critical if you're your own boss.
1. What made the gig life a reality
A. Greater work-life balance. B. New technologies.
C. A little extra money. D. Maximum freedom.
2. What does the underlined phrase "breathing down your neck" in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Making you unable to breathe freely. B. Standing very close behind you.
C. Threatening you by saying something. D. Monitoring you closely.
3. What can we infer from the last but one paragraph
A. Employers should invest in training the temporary workers.
B. Gig workers start their jobs out of passion.
C. It's hard for employers to employ people for higher positions.
D. It's hard for gig workers to develop skills.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Gig Economy
B. The Challenges of the Gig Economy
C. The Increase in the Gig Economy
D. The Reason for the Gig Economy
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Investing in yourself
Figuring out how to invest your money can be a difficult task. This is something that you will want to learn how to do.
①________ Things that will improve your knowledge, skills or health are all great investments. However, before you start, you need to be clear about what you will gain from doing all of these things.
You may think investing in yourself means investing in your education. ②________ There are some other things you can do as well as buying a gym membership card or learning a new skill.
So what are some specific things you can do ③________ Reading books can really expand your mind and allow you to learn different skills and gain knowledge. I'm talking about the books where you will actually learn a new skill, not fiction books.
You can also take courses and attend seminars. These programs are taught by people with a high level of knowledge or skill. ④________ Only in this way can you avoid being fooled by some sales presentations.
Moreover, investing in yourself is a safe way to keep your money. Although a savings account is seen as the most secure investment, that isn't 100% safe. Even if you never experience your bank closing down, the return is little when inflation(通货膨胀) is taken into consideration. ⑤________ But over time, they will show up in terms of your happiness level as well as your level of success.
A. The benefits will stay with you.
B. This is just one way.
C. If you aren't a reader, you should start with that.
D. The more you do this, the more valuable you will be.
E. The best way to invest your money is to invest it in yourself.
F. Of course, you need to do some research before investing.
G. When you invest in yourself, you may not see gains right away.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Taking a trip to a bank's ATM machine is usually a common affair. But for Jose Nunez Romaniz, his 1 on Sunday is one that he won't 2 for the rest of his life.
The 19-year-old college student was making a 3 for his grandfather online when he noticed his account balance(账户余额) was 4 . So he drove to the nearest bank to deposit money. Little did he know that he was about to make an incredible 5 .
When he arrived, Jose noticed a plastic bag on the ground filled with cash, which turned out to be $ 135,000. "When I first saw it, I was very 6 , not knowing what to do," Jose told The New York Times. After taking a moment to 7 himself, Jose called the police. And the police soon discovered that the money had 8 been left behind by a worker 9 with refilling the ATM.
Thinking that it was the biggest amount of money ever found and 10 in Albuquerque's history, the mayor and the police chief held a ceremony to honor Jose for his 11 . And, perhaps best of all, the police chief invited Jose to 12 a job as a public service aide for the department after his graduation. For Jose, it was the best 13 for his grandfather. "My mother called me and she almost started crying 14 ... She told me I did the right thing and that she was 15 of what I did," said Jose.
1.A.plan B.experiment C.visit D.show
2.A.regret B.forget C.imagine D.recall
3.A.purchase B.bargain C.wish D.note
4.A.full B.clear C.inaccurate D.low
5.A.offer B.promise C.profit D.discovery
6.A.shocked B.amused C.excited D.frightened
7.A.help B.seat C.calm D.challenge
8.A.cautiously B.accidentally C.deliberately D.nervously
9.A.equipped B.charged C.armed D.tasked
10.A.returned B.saved C.lost D.exchanged
11.A.confidence B.honesty C.bravery D.dignity
12.A.call for B.turn down C.wait for D.apply for
13.A.encouragement B.celebration C.gift D.reward
14.A.bitterly B.excitedly C.surprisingly D.worriedly
15.A.proud B.considerate C.aware D.confident
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Growing up in a valley full of roses, Zhang Yue didn't realise the potential until she graduated from university overseas and returned to visit her parents. She made ①_____ decision to grow roses in her hometown and run her own business. The idea ②_____ (surprise) many people. But Zhang Yue insisted on her own thoughts, as she wanted to experience the ③_____ (free) of being her own boss and also give something back to her hometown.
During the process of starting her own business, ④_____ challenged her most was to get investment and persuade the locals to work for her. She made efforts to promote the brand popularity. ⑤_____ (fortunate), a major Asian manufacturer of cosmetics was willing ⑥_____ (purchase) the product and help with its distribution. Now, her product is one of the ⑦_____ (good) in Asia.
With the growing economy ⑧_____ (create) more chances, many people are thinking of starting their own businesses like Zhang Yue. Zhang Yue gave some advice to young entrepreneurs, "To succeed in business, first, you need a good idea, hard work and ⑨_____ (determine). You should know your limitations and the plan should be realistic. Above all, you should have access ⑩_____ capital and good management and negotiating skills. It is still a long and difficult way for them to go."
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假设你是李华, 你的笔友汤姆最近了解到中国的“新四大发明”, 并对其中的移动支付(mobile payment)非常感兴趣, 他来信希望你能简单地向他介绍一下移动支付, 并且谈谈你对移动支付的看法。请你用英语给他写回信。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Once there was a little girl named Emily. Although her singing was very pleasant to hear, lacking of courage, she never dared to sing in front of strangers.
One summer, the neighbourhood where she lived would hold a singing competition. Her best friend, Lucy, came to invite her to participate in the competition, but Emily said, "I'm afraid to take part in it." Her mother said, "it's okay, just do it bravely." Emily followed her mum's advice and decided to give herself a try. The day came. Emily and Lucy went to the competition site. But she was too timid (胆小的) to walk onto the stage. She had been waiting until others finished singing. She shakily (颤抖地) forced herself to stand on the stage. She started to sing, but her voice was so low. What's worse, she was so nervous that she forgot the lyrics (歌词) after singing a few words. Being laughed at by others, embarrassed and shy, she ran away from the stage.
Some naughty boys ran after her and said, "Emily, coward (胆小鬼)! Emily, coward!" Emily didn't argue with them. What she wanted was to go back home as quickly as she could. Finally, she rushed into the house, hugged her mum and cried sadly.
"Well, my poor girl. Don't cry. Tell me what happened to you," asked her mum. Emily looked up her mother and told her what she had experienced.
Listening to her, her mum cupped her face and said, "It doesn't matter, girl. As long as you practice singing more in front of strangers, you will become braver little by little. So, my girl, don't be beaten by a failure. You can go out to practice singing every day. No matter who is listening to you, go on singing and never stop. I believe there will be a harvest for you."
Paragraph 1:
Emily listened to her mother carefully and followed her mum's suggestion. ______ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Going on singing, she walked into the park, where many people were singing and dancing. _____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3 BBC
解析：1.细节理解题。从文章第二段的The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture... 可知, 此处提到"hamburger"的目的是证明美国的汽车对美国文化的影响。 因此B项正确。
2.细节理解题。从第四段的The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. 可知, 汽车的使用导致了美国的环境问题。故选B项。
3.推理判断题。从文章的最后一段可知, Friedman指出绿色经济是保持美国强大的机会。因此他对美国的未来是"充满希望的"。故选C项。
B
答案：1-4 DABB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Motsch and his colleagues wanted to know if ants on the move could also get blocked. 可知, 这个研究的目的是了解蚂蚁是否会遇到交通堵塞。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的So they controlled traffic density by constructing bridges of various widths between a colony of Argentine ants and a source of food. 可知, 对蚂蚁进行研究之前, 他们先建造了不同宽度的桥梁。故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的Motsch and his team found that when ants sense overcrowding, they adjust their speed and avoid entering high-density areas, which prevents congestion. 可知, 该研究发现, 蚂蚁并不会停下来, 也没有造成拥堵。故选B项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Can ants help us solve our own traffic problems "Not likely," says Motsch. 可以推断, 研究者对蚂蚁能否帮助解决人类的交通堵塞问题持怀疑态度。故选B项。
C
答案：1-4 CABB
解析：1.根据第一段中的" Imagine winning 100 of them! Swiss tennis star Roger Federer just did that on March 2, 2019"可知，2019年3月2日对 Federer来说是个特别的日子，在那天，他赢得了职业生涯中第10个冠军奖杯。
2.根据第三段中的" In the Milan Indoor final... After the match, the media described him as 'one of the up-and-coming players on the men's tennis scene' "可知， Federer20岁时在米兰室内网球赛决赛中击败 Julien Boutter，赢得了他的第一个职业网球大赛冠军，媒体把他描述为男子网球赛场上的一位有前途的运动员。故A项符合题意。
3.根据最后一段的第一句" Federer is driven to continue by his perseverance and love of the game"可知，是毅力和对这项运动的热爱促使着 Federer在职业生涯中继续前进，所以B项更符合题意。
4.本文主要报道了 Federer获得了他职业生涯中第100个冠军奖杯的事情，并揭示了 Federer取得如此优异的成绩的关键。所以B项更适合作文章的标题。
D
答案：1-4 BDAA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的recent technologies like Skype, Slack, and Dropbox have made the gig life a reality 可知, 是新的技术使其成为现实的。故选B项。
2.词义猜测题。根据第三段内容, 尤其该段最后一句With no boss to make sure you're on task, it's all on you. 可知, 没有老板督促你完成任务, 一切都在于你自己。由此可推知, 第三段中的画线短语breathing down your neck意为“密切监视你”。故选D项。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句和第三句For the employers, it's tough to take on people for higher management positions when the pool of talent is full of gig workers who haven't been given an opportunity to improve their skills. Businesses have to evolve to learn how to account for an influx of temporary workers. 可知, 从雇主的角度来说, 当人才库中满是未曾有机会提高个人技能的零工人员时, 雇主便很难招到有能力担任更高管理职位的人才, 因此企业需要不断发展, 以应对涌人劳动市场的零工从业者。由此可推知, 雇主应投人资金培训临时工。故选A项。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文, 尤其根据第三段第二句One of the great things about the gig economy is that you don't have a boss breathing down your neck. 和倒数第二段最后一句It is harder for gig workers to become skilled and get promoted. 可知, 本文介绍了零工经济的优势和劣势。故选A项。
第二节
答案：EBCFG
解析：本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了人们应该如何进行自我投资。
①根据后文 Things that will improve your knowledge, skills or health are all great investments.(能够提高你的知识、技能或健康的事情全都是好投资。)以及下一段首句 You may think investing in yourself means investing in your education.(你也许认为自我投资意味着投资你的教育。)可知,这一段主要是讲投资的最好方式就是投资自我,故选E。
②根据后文 There are some other things you can do(你有一些别的事可以做)可知,设空处指教育投资仅仅是其中一种方式,故选B。
③根据后文 Reading books can really expand your mind(读书确实能扩展你的思维)可知设空处指建议读书,故选C。
④根据后文 Only in this way can you avoid being fooled by some sales presentations.(只有这样你才能避免被一些销售展示思弄。)可知,在投资前你应先做些调查,故选F。
⑤根据后文 But over time, they will show up(但随着时间流逝,它们将会显现出来)可知,自我投资的好处不会立即显现出来,故选G。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 CBADD 6-10 ACBDA 11-15 BDCBA
解析：1.根据上文中的"Taking a trip to a bank's ATM machine" 可知, 此处指的是他周日的银行之行。
2.根据下文中Jose存款的经历可知, 他应该永远都不会忘记周日的银行之行。
3.根据下文中的" when he noticed... So he drove to the nearest bank to deposit money" 可知, Jose发现自己的账户余额不足, 因此要去最近的银行存钱, 由此推知他应该是要在网上为祖父买东西。
4.参见上题解析。
5.根据下文内容可知, Jose没有想到会有一个惊人的发现在等待着他。
6.根据空后的"not knowing what to do" 可知, Jose看到这么多钱后感到很震惊, 不知道该怎么办。
7.根据下文中的"Jose called the police" 可知, 过了一会儿后镇定了下来。calm"使平静, 使镇静"。
8.根据语境并结合常识可知, 警察很快发现那些钱是一位工作人员不小心遗失在那里的。accidentally"意外地"。
9.根据a worker及refilling the ATM可知, 这名工作人员的任务是给自动取款机装现金。
10.由上文并结合选项可判断, 市长和警察局长认为这是阿尔伯克基历史上发现并归还的最大数额的钱。
11.由"the mayor and the police chief held a ceremony" 可推知, 市长和警察局长因Jose的诚实而举行了一个仪式来表彰他。
12.因空前为"perhaps best of all", 故这里警察局长应是邀请Jose大学毕业后"申请" 一个该部门的工作。
13.根据上文中的"The 19-year-old college student was making a 3 for his grandfather online" 可知, Jose拾金不昧的高尚品质是给祖父最好的礼物。
14.由下文中的"She told me I did the right thing" 可知, Jose的母亲认为他做得对, 激动地哭了起来, 为儿子的做法感到骄傲。
15.参见上题解析。
第二节
答案：a; surprise; freedom; what; Fortunately; to purchase; best; creating; determination; to
解析：①make a decision意为“做决定”。
②surprise在句中作谓语动词, 根据上下文时态, 此处应用一般过去时。
③冠词后加名词, 作experience的宾语,故填freedom。
④_____ challenged her most为主语从句, 主语从句中缺少主语, 且根据语境可知, 此处指最让她感到挑战的事情, 故填what。
⑤设空处在句中作状语, 应用副词, 故填 Fortunately。
⑥be willing to do sth为固定搭配, 意为“愿意做某事”。
⑦"one of the +形容词最高级(+可数名词复数)"为固定搭配, 意为“最……的(……)之一”。故填best。
⑧此处为"with+宾语+宾语补足语"结构, create和economy构成逻辑上的主动关系, 故填creating。
⑨此处与and前的名词短语并列, 也应用名词形式, 故填determination。
⑩have access to为固定搭配, 意为“可以接近, 可以使用”, 故填to。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：Dear Tom,
Learning that you are interested in China's four great new inventions, I'm writing to briefly introduce one of the four inventions—mobile payment. Mobile payment is a kind of service that you can pay for things using your phone instead of cash, credit cards or something else. It is the widespread use of mobile payment that saves us the trouble of taking cash.
In my opinion, I'm in favour of mobile payment because we can buy things in a more convenient way. However, personal information could be revealed, so we need to use it properly. If you want to know more, feel free to ask! Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Emily listened to her mother carefully and followed her mum's suggestion. The next day, she began to practice singing outside. ①Gradually, her courage became greater and greater, and the sound of her singing was also louder and louder. Months later, she could sing as she was walking. A naughty boy who had laughed at her before cried to her, "Emily, coward! Emily, coward!" However, she chose to ignore his behaviour.
Going on singing, she walked into the park, where many people were singing and dancing. ②Hearing her beautiful voice, some stopped to listen to her singing and clapped for her. A grandma smiled to her and said, "Oh, little girl, you sing really well!" Emily said thanks to her. Emily felt pleased that she could sing confidently in front of strangers. The second year, the neighbourhood held the singing competition again. This time, Emily walked onto the stage bravely, and her loud and beautiful voice of singing moved all the people. They all cheered for her, including those who had laughed at her. Her mother was delighted to see the timid girl had been a brave one.第十一周——2022-2023学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册、选择性必修第四册每周一测
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Listed as a World Heritage Site in 2001, Derwent Valley Mills has been described as the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution. It was here in the Derwent Valley that the essential ingredients of factory production were successfully combined. The World Heritage Site has much to meet all tastes and interests. There are walks and nature trails, shopping centres and high quality restaurants — all the ingredients for a great day out!
Wirksworth Heritage Centre A visitor centre which takes you from the Roman times in Wirksworth to the present day. Play the computer game and rescue the injured lead miner! Open: Easter Friday to September 30. Wednesday to Sunday inclusive. All bank holidays. 10:30 am - 4:30 pm. Last admission: 30 minutes before closing time. Admission: Free. Nearest TIC: Matlock Bath 01629955082
Derby Cathedral With its story going back to the tenth century, fascinating historic monuments and thriving contemporary life, Derby Cathedral offers a unique travel experience. Be sure to see the places of interest such as the early sixteenth century tower, the Bake well Screen, Bess of Hardwick's Monument, St. Katharine's Church, and Joseph Wright's tombstone. Guided tours are available for pre-booked groups. Open: Daily usually from 8:30 am - 6 pm. Admission: Free. Guided tours — adults 3. 00, children 1.00. Nearest TIC: Derby 01332255802
Animal Farm A chance to meet some of Britain's most endangered farm animals. Learn about their history, help with feeding and play with them in the petting area. Picnic on the open ground. There are children's areas and roadside parking. Visit our website for the changing programme of special events and to meet our newest arrivals. Open: April to September 30:10 am - 5 pm daily. October to Christmas Day and half-term holidays, 10 am — 4 pm Saturday and Sunday only. Christmas Day to March 31, advanced bookings only. Nearest TIC: Castleton 01433620679
Carsington Water A reservoir with the superb visitor centre, shops and restaurants. Walking and cycling routes and many special events (phone for details). Cycle hire and water sports at the neighbouring centre. Open: Daily except Christmas Day. The visitor centre open daily from 10 am. Admission: Free. Parking fees apply. Nearest TIC: Ashbourne 01335343666
1.On which column of the newspaper can we most probably find this passage
A.Entertainment. B.Sports. C.Travel. D.Science.
2.Mr. Smith will pay ______ for the guided tour if he takes his wife and two children to Derby Cathedral.
A. 6.00 B. 8.00 C. 7.00 D. 10.00
3.What can we learn about four tourist attractions
A.Wirksworth Heritage Centre has a short history.
B.A tenth century tower can be seen in Derby Cathedral.
C.Animal Farm runs a website to provide information.
D.Carsington Water is open from 10 am all year round.
B
Chrysanthemums(菊花)are to the fall what tulips (郁金香) are to the spring.
In ancient China chrysanthemums (or 'mums' for short) were first planted thousands of years ago. People chose the chrysanthemum as their flower for October, a symbol of the rest and ease that followed the season’s final harvest. Then they symbolized a scholar in retirement (退隐) and were one of the four noble (高贵的) plants along with bamboo, the plum blossom (梅) and the orchid (兰).
The Japanese hold the chrysanthemum as a symbol of the sun. They consider the orderly unfolding of its petals (花瓣) to be a symbol of perfection. They also think that a single chrysanthemum petal placed at the bottom of a wine glass encourages a long and healthy life. The Japanese even have a National Chrysanthemum Day on September 9 known as the Festival of Happiness.
In the United States during colonial times mums grew so popular that they now reign as "the Queen of the Fall Flowers". Mums remain the most widely grown pot plant in the country and the largest commercially produced flowers. Chrysanthemums generally represent cheerfulness and rest. So they are welcomed throughout the British Isles and North America for any occasion such as football games and parties.
In other countries such as Italy, Belgium and Austria, however, their association with the dead makes chrysanthemums acceptable only for funerals and graves.
1.Why did people in ancient China choose the chrysanthemum as their flower for October
A.Because it is a symbol of having a month of celebration.
B.Because it is a symbol of having relaxation after the hard work in the harvest season.
C.Because it is a symbol of loving this kind of flower during this month.
D.Because it is a symbol of having another good harvest the next year.
2.The Japanese consider the chrysanthemum as a symbol of the sun because _______.
A.people like the flower just as they like the sun
B.the flower with its nice petals represents a symbol of perfection
C.people find the flower having no perfect petals when it is unfolding
D.the flower unfolds its petals orderly just like the sun
3.Mums are loved not only in the United States but in the British Isles as they stand for ______.
A.cheerfulness and rest B.happiness and joy
C.wealth and health D.luck and chance
4.In some European countries people use chrysanthemums to express their feeling of _______.
A.regret B.cold C.sorrow D.agreement
C
At home, ordering food from a menu is a normal routine. I don't even give it a second thought. In China, it's a whole other story! Here, ordering is a fun game of test and error, and the adventure begins before the food is even served!
Many restaurants in central Beijing advertise "English language menus", but the translations can just add to the confusion. Although accompanying pictures can be a helpful relief, the translations often make the whole experience even more amusing. During my first few weeks in China I tried some delicious dishes with strange names. As an experiment, my friends and I would order things like "students addicted to chicken gristle (软骨)"and "red burned lion head". Eventually we learned that "lion head" was actually pork, and "students" were "addicted" to diced (切成丁的)chicken with green pepper. Recently, I came across a busy restaurant down a narrow side street in a Beijing hutong. It was lunchtime and the small room was packed with people sitting on small stools eating noodles. I was hungry and cold, and the steaming bowls looked irresistible! I sat myself down and called out for a "caidan"! In response, the waitress pointed to a wall at the back of the restaurant. The wall was full of Chinese characters describing numerous dishes. There was only one sentence in English: "cross-over-bridge rice noodles".
I had never heard of the dish and had no idea what it would taste like. I took a gamble and ordered one bowl of "cross-over-bridge rice noodles". A few minutes later the waitress carried a heavy bowl full of broth (肉汤)and I quickly started eating. It was the best bowl of noodles I had ever tasted! I have been back again and again and each time I point at the one English sentence — "cross-over-bridge rice noodles". I always enter a restaurant in China feeling excited and a little nervous. Who knows what the next ordering adventure will show
1.How does the writer find the English language menus in many of Beijing's restaurants
A.Confusing but amusing. B.Easy to understand.
C.Boring and annoying. D.Accurate and helpful.
2.The underlined word "gamble" in the last paragraph probably means "_______".
A.taste B.look C.step D.risk
3.What does the passage mainly talk about
A.The writer's favorite Chinese dishes.
B.The fun the writer had ordering food in China's restaurants.
C.A comparison between Western food and Chinese food.
D.The correct way to translate the names of Chinese dishes into English.
4.The passage is developed mainly in the form of ______.
A.examples and statements B.comparisons and conclusions
C.causes and effects D.time and description
D
One of the main challenges facing many countries is how to maintain their identity in the face of globalization and the growing multi-language trend. "One of the main reasons for economic failure in many African countries is the fact that, with a few important exceptions, mother-tongue education is not practiced in any of the independent African states." said Neville Alexander, Director of the Project for the Study of Alternative Education in South Africa at the University of Cape Town.
In response to the spread of English and the increased multi-language trends arising from immigration, many countries have introduced language laws in the last decade. In some, the use of languages other than the national language is banned in public spaces such as advertising posters. One of the first such legal provisions(规定) was the 1994 "Toubon law" in France, and the idea has been copied in many countries since then. Such efforts to govern language use are often considered as futile by language experts, who are well aware of the difficulty in controlling fashions in speech and know from research that language switching among bilinguals is a natural process.
It is especially difficult for native speakers of English to understand the desire to maintain the "purity" of a language by law. Since the time of Shakespeare, English has continually absorbed foreign words into its own language. English is one of the most mixed and rapidly changing languages in the world, but that has not been a barrier to acquiring superiority and power. Another reason for the failure of many native English speakers to understand the role of the state regulation is that it has never been the Anglo-Saxon way of doing things. English has never had a state-controlled authority for the language, similar, for example, to the Academic Francaise in France.
The need to protect national languages is, for most western Europeans, a recent phenomenon-especially the need to ensure that English does not unnecessarily take over too many fields. Public communication, education and new ways of communication promoted by technology, may be key fields to defend.
1. Neville Alexander believes that _____.
A. mother tongue education is not practiced in all African countries
B. globalization has resulted in the economic failure of Africa
C. globalization has led to the rise of the multi-language trend
D. lack of mother tongue education can lead to economic failure
2. The underlined word "futile" in paragraph 2 most probably means
A. workable B. practical C. useless D. unnecessary
3. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. English has taken over fields like public communication and education.
B. Many aspects of national culture are threatened by the spread of English.
C. Most language experts believe it is important to promote a national language.
D. Europeans have long realized the need to protect a national language.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. Fighting Against the Rule of English
B. Protecting Local Languages and Identity
C. The Globalisation and Multi-language Trend
D. To Maintain the Purity of Language by Law
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Chinese culture is over 5,000 years old. ①_____
The spirit of the tea ceremony
Xihu Longjing and Yunnan Pu'er have long been world famous. ②_____ The spirit of the Chinese tea ceremony captures the Chinese attitude toward life and spirituality. These are the things that people all over the world can benefit from.
A handful of good tea leaves with some boiling water and a set of lovely tea ware is the perfect way to spend a sunny afternoon and gain some insight into the wisdom of this ancient civilisation.
③_____
During the 5,000 years of Chinese civilisation, many different flavours, styles, and cuisine (烹饪) have developed based on traditional philosophy and culture. This ancient food culture has had a direct impact on the countries, such as Japan, Mongolia, South Korea, Thailand, and Singapore. It has benefited billions of people around the world through such innovations as Chinese vegetarian culture, tea culture, vinegar, pasta, medicated diets, ceramic tableware, and the use of soybeans in the diet.
Confucianism (儒学)
Confucianism has flourished during the last 2,500 years of China's 5,000-year history. ④_____ This school of thought has had the most profound and long lasting influence in China's history. Seventy-four Nobel Prize winners and many other highly respected scholars have slated that for the benefit of mankind's livelihood and development into the next century, these teachings should be promoted and adopted worldwide. ⑤_____
A. Chinese cuisine
B. Chinese culture
C. It has been the mainstay of this ancient civilisation.
D. They are pretty popular due to their superior colour and flavour.
E. The following three items of traditional Chinese culture have had a worldwide impact.
F. This would provide long lasting benefits for man, helping to ensure a peaceful and happy life.
G. This wonderfully rich food culture has also had an impact on Europe, America and Oceania.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In my whole life I've been interested in martial arts. But it was only when I 1 in another city where there was a kung fu club that I really enjoyed it and fully understood why they call it an art. It is fighting and 2 yourself, but it's also understanding your body more, making it stronger and healthier. Kung fu is a big 3 of Chinese culture. I have always watched kung fu movies (who doesn't know Bruce Lee, Jackie Chan or Jet Li ), because I love their 4 . When I started to practise kung fu, I realised how 5 it was and a simple kick demanded months of practice. But I loved it! A whole new world was opening to me.
After I 6 four years of kung fu in New York, I wanted to go to the 7
where this martial art originated. I went to China with a travel organisation. It was a trip that included some kung fu and tai chi lessons. It was a (n) 8 group, so there were people from all over the world. We went from Hong Kong to Guilin, Yangshuo, Xi'an, Luoyang and Shaolin Temple and 9 Beijing. We did two kung fa lessons in Yangshuo with the brothers Gao, who had a family style which was 10 Bu Di Zhen. We did one tai chi lesson in Xi'an and two more kung fu lessons in Shaolin Temple. I was 11 by Yangshuo and the Gao brothers. Yangshuo is a beautiful town in the middle of mountains and near the Li river. The Gao brothers' family 12 of kung fu practice was close to mine in New York. I could only 13 of my next trip to China.
The next year my dream 14 : I went to China again, together with some friends of my kung fu club. We 15 one month in Yangshuo, just to practise kung fu, which made me understand more of the rich culture of China.
1. A. settled B. shared C. travelled D. went
2. A. defeating B. saving C. protecting D. hurting
3. A. barrier B. part C. origin D. tradition
4. A. behaviours B. movements C. qualities D. deeds
5. A. easy B. perfect C. special D. hard
6. A. practised B. conducted C. observed D. prepared
7. A. city B. town C. country D. suburb
8. A. local B. native C. national D. international
9. A. finally B. directly C. officially D. naturally
10. A. shown B. seen C. called D. given
11. A. disappointed B. amused C. impressed D. confused
12. A. habit B. style C. feature D. rule
13. A. think B. know C. approve D. dream
14. A. came over B. came true C. came up D. came out
15. A. spared B. searched C. recorded D. contributed
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Hebei Province lies a vast forest called Saihanba. This green Great Wall, ①_____ at its peak during the Qing Dynasty covered thousands of hectares, had ②_____ (virtual) disappeared by the 1950s. This allowed sand to blow into Beijing from the northern deserts.
Saihanba is a combination of Chinese and Mongolian, ③_____ (mean) "beautiful highlands". Until the QingDynasty, it was a royal hunting land because of its cool summer weather and beautiful surroundings. However, most of the area had turned into a desert by the end of the Qing Dynasty.
In fact 56 years ago there was only one tree left. But without that tree, there ④_____ (be) no miracle of Saihanba today. In the early 1960s, over 350 foresters ⑤_____ (send) to this area to fight the desert. They were required ⑥_____ (rebuild) the forest in Saihanba. Few people, including the foresters themselves, believed that they would succeed.
Their doubt disappeared, however, when they found the 200-year-old tree, swaying alone in ⑦_____ wind. If one tree could survive here, ⑧_____ could millions of trees, they thought.
After decades of hard work, three generations of the foresters have restored almost 80% of the original Saihanba forest. Recently, they were awarded the ⑨_____ their great ⑩_____ (contribute) to creating a greener world.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假设你是李华,你的美国朋友 David 打算今年寒假来中 国学习中国剪纸(Chinese paper cutting),请你根据以下提示给他写一封电子邮件。
1.表示欢迎;
2.学习剪纸的建议(如参观剪纸展览、参加剪纸培训班等);
3.表示期待。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A tradesman was leading a motorcade(车队) to another country to sell his goods. Along the way they came to the edge of a sand desert. They learnt that during the daytime the sun heated up the fine sand until it was as hot as charcoal(木炭), so no one could walk on it—even camels! Then the motorcade leader hired a desert guide, the one who could follow the stars, so they could travel only at night when the sand cooled down. The guide sat on the first cart. And they began the dangerous night-time journey across the desert. During a couple of nights, after eating their evening meal and waiting for the sand to cool, they started out again and again.
Later that night, the desert guide, who was driving the first cart, learnt from the stars that they were getting close to the other side of the desert. He had been very tired, so when he relaxed, he fell asleep. Then the camels which, of course, couldn't tell directions by reading the stars, gradually turned to the side and went in a big wide circle until they ended up at the same place that they started from! By then it was morning, and the people woke up and realised they were back at the same spot where they started. They lost heart and began to cry about their condition. Since the desert crossing was supposed to be over by now, they had no more water, and they were worried that there was nothing to drink, and were extremely afraid they would die of thirst. They even began to blame the motorcade leader and the desert guide. However, the leader himself didn't lose courage. He talked with the desert guide and then they began wandering, trying to work out a plan.
注意: 续写词数应为150左右。
Suddenly, the leader noticed a small clump(丛) of grass. _____________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A spring(泉源) was found at last. _______________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.CBC
解析：1.考查文章出处。根据文章第一段以及下文的四则介绍可知,本文主要介绍了四个景点,由此推知本文最有可能取自报纸的旅游版块。故选C。
2.考查细节理解。根据第二个景点介绍可知,应是 3 + 3 + 1 + 1 = 8。故选B。
3.考查细节理解。在第一个景点介绍中提到,这个中心可以带你从罗马时代到当今时代,可以看出其历史不短,故A项错误;在第二个景点介绍中提到,游客可以看到16世纪早期的塔,不是10 世纪,所以B项错误;第三个景点介绍中提到 "Visit our website for the changing programme of special events and to meet our newest arrivals" 由此可知C项正确;第四个景点介绍中提到除了圣诞节之外每天开放,故D项错误。故选C。
B
答案：1-4.BBAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的People chose the chrysanthemum as their flower for October, a symbol of the rest and ease that followed the season's final harvest.可知古代中国人将菊花选作十月之花,因为它象征着在丰收季节辛苦劳作结束后的休息和悠闲,故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的The Japanese hold the chrysanthemum as a symbol of the sun. They consider the orderly unfolding of its petals (花瓣) to be a symbol of perfection.可知日本人认为菊花象征着太阳,因为他们把菊花花瓣整齐有序地绽放看作是完美的象征。故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的Chrysanthemums generally represent cheerfulness and rest. So they are welcomed throughout the British Isles and North America for any occasion such as football games and parties.可知在大不列颠岛和北美,菊花在任何场合比如足球比赛和聚会上都很受欢迎,因为它们象征着快乐和休息。故选A项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知在意大利、比利时和奥地利等国家,菊花被用在与死者有关的葬礼和墓地的场合中,而用在葬礼和墓地这种场合的花一般是为了表达悲伤,故选C项。
C
答案：1-4.ADBA
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 "but the translations can just add to the confusion.. make the whole experience even more amusing" 可知选A。
2.考查词义猜测。根据画线词前的 "I had never heard of the dish and had no idea what it would taste like" 和其后的 "ordered one bowl of 'cross-over-bridge rice noodles' " 可推知,画线词应是“冒险”的意思。故选D。
3.考查主旨大意。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述的是作者在中国餐馆点餐的有趣经历。故选B。
4.考查细节理解。本文通过举例和陈述的方式讲述了作者在中国餐馆点餐的有趣经历。故选A。
D
答案：1-4 DCBB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的"One of the main reasons for economic failure in many African countries is the fact that, with a few important exceptions, mother tongue education is not practiced in any of the independent African states," said Neville Alexander可知, 他认为母语教育方面的缺失会导致经济方面的失败。故D正确。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线词后的who are well aware of the: difficulty in controlling the fashion in speech and know from research that language switching between bilinguals is a natural process可判断, 很多语言专家都认为前文所提到的为管理语言使用所付出的努力是无用的, 因为这样的控制是没有什么效果的。故选C项。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的especially the need to ensure that English does not take over too many unnecessary fields (保证英语在非必要领域不要占据主导优势) 可知, 很多国家的语言文化都因为英语的普及而受到了冲击和影响。故选B项。
4.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的One of the main challenges faced by many countries is how to maintain their identity in the face of globalization and the growing multi-language trend.可知, 现在世界全球化导致很多国家的独特的文化受到了冲击和影响, 本文讲述的正是这方面的话题。故B项正确。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ EDACF
解析：①设空处前说“中国传统文化有5,000多年的历史”,下文具体讲述了三项传统文化, E项“以下三项中国传统文化在世界范围内产生了影响”符合语境, 起到承上启下的作用。故选E项。
②根据前一句沿Xihu Longjing and Yunnan Pu'er have long been world famous. 可知, 下面要具体说明这两种茶因何而出名。 故选D项。
③根据关键信息... cuisine have developed based on traditional philosophy and culture可知, 本段主要介绍了中国的烹饪。所以A项是本段主题。故选A项。
④根据空前说儒学在5,000年中国历史上蓬勃发展了2,500年,和空后的This school of thought has had the most profound and long lasting influence in China's history. 可知, 此处应是叙述儒学的重要地位, 故C项“它一直是中国古代文明的支柱”符合语境。故选C项。
⑤根据设空处前的内容可知, 七十四位诺贝尔奖获得者和许多其他德高望重的学者都表示, 为了造福人类的生存和发展, 儒家学说应该在世界范围内得到推广和采用。所以, 此处要说明其好处, 对上文作总结。故选F项。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 ACBBD 6-10 ACDAC 11-15 CBDBA
解析：1.根据下文 After I _____ four years of kung fu in New York可知, 作者在纽约“定居下来”, 学习了四年功夫。故settled正确。
2.根据下文making it stronger and healthier可知, 功夫的作用是积极的, 它能够战斗同时也能“保护”你自己。故protecting 正确。
3.下文提到中国功夫演员李小龙、成龙和李连杰的功夫电影被人们所熟知和喜爱, 由此可见, 功夫是中国文化的重要 “组成部分”。barrier意为“障碍”; part意为“部分”; origin意为“来源”; tradition意为“传统”。故part正确。
4.作者表示自己一直看功夫电影, 因为作者喜欢其“动作”。 故movements正确。
5.根据下文a simple kick demanded months of practice可知, 一个简单的踢腿需要几个月的练习, 由此可知作者明白了功夫是多么“难”。故hard正确。
6.根据上文When I started to practise kung fu可知, 作者在纽约“练习”功夫。故practised正确。
7.根据下文I went to China with a travel organisation. 可知, 作者在纽约练了四年功夫之后, 想去武术起源的“国家”故 country正确。
8.根据下文so there were people from all over the world可知, 团里的人来自世界各地, 这是一个“国际”团。故international正确。
9.根据from... to...可知, 作者是依次列举去过的地方, 按顺序“最后”来到了北京。故finally正确。
10.下文“步地真”(Bu Di Zhen)是家传功夫的名字。故called正确。
11.根据下文Yangshuo is a beautiful town in the middle of mountains and near the Li river. The Gao brothers' family _____ of kung fu practice was close to mine in New York. 可知, 作者对阳朔和高氏兄弟印象深刻。be impressed by为固定短语, 意为“对……印象深刻”, 故impressed正确。
12.根据上文We did two kung fu lessons in Yangshuo with the brothers Gao, who had a family style which was ______ Bu Di Zhen. 可知, 高氏兄弟家传功夫的“风格”和“我”在纽约练习时的风格非常接近。style为上文重复词汇, 意为“风格; 方式”, 故style正确
13.根据下文The next year my dream...可知, 作者只能“梦想着”下一次来中国的旅行了。故dream正确。
14.根据下文I went to China again可知, 作者真的又来到中国, 梦想“成真”了。come over意为“拜访”; come true意为 “实现”; come up意为“被提到”; come out意为“出来; 出版” 。故came true正确。
15.根据空后one month in Yangshuo, just to practise kung fu可知, 作者在阳朔“停留了”一个月练习功夫。search意为 “搜索”; spare意为“抽出”; record意为“记录”; contribute意为“贡献”。故spared正确。
第二节
答案：which; Virtually; meaning; would be; were sent; to rebuild; the; so; highest; contribution (s)
解析：①分析句子结构可知, 设空处引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语, 先行词This green Great Wall指物, 应用关系代词which。故填which。
②修饰动词disappeared, 应用副词。故填Virtually。
③为本句的系动词, 动词mean与其之间无连词连接, 应用其非谓语动词形式作状语, 动词mean与其逻辑主语Saihanba之间为主动关系, 应用现在分词。故填meaning。
④由上句可知, 56年前只有一棵树存活了下来, 此处"without that tree", 相当于if条件句, 与事实相反, 主句部分应用虚拟语气, 由today可知, 是与现在的事实相反, 应用would加动词原形。故填would be。
⑤over 350 foresters为句子主语, 该空需要填谓语动词, 动词send与主语over 350 foresters之间为被动关系, 时间状语In the early 1960s为过去的时间, 应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were sent。
⑥be required to do sth为固定搭配, 意为“被要求做某事”。故填to rebuild。
⑦在表示自然现象的名词前, 通常用定冠词。in the wind 意为“在风中”。故填the。
⑧由句意可知, 此处是表示“如果一棵树能存活, 成百上千万的树也能存活”。表示上文一棵树的情况也适用于下文成百上千万的树, 应用句型so+be / 助动词 / 情态动词+主语。 故填so。
⑨根据空前的the可知, 此处表示他们被联合国授予环保的最高荣誉, 应用形容词最高级。故填highest。
⑩great 为形容词, 修饰名词, contribution 意为“贡献”时为可数名词, 此处使用单复数形式均可。故填contribution(s)。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：Dear David,
① I'm extremely happy to hear that you'll come to China to learn Chinese paper cutting during this winter vacation.
I have some suggestions, which will be beneficial to you. ②First of all, you'd better see some Chinese paper-cutting exhibitions, where you can appreciate many excellent works. Besides, you are supposed to select a relevant training course. What's more, you can make new friends in the course, who will help you with the learning. I'm convinced that you will make rapid progress.
Looking forward to your visit!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Suddenly, the leader noticed a small clump of grass. So he was lost in thought: There must be water here. If there wasn't water, the grass couldn't live in the desert. Therefore, he asked his fellow travellers to dig up the ground on that very spot where the grass was. They dug and dug, and gradually they found a large stone. The guide jumped into the hole, put his ear to the stone, and heard the sound of flowing water.
A spring was found at last. All the people were extremely cheerful. They expressed their thanks to the leader. And then they hurried to drink water and cooked their food with it. Before they left, they set up a high flag near the spring so that other travellers could see the new spring in the sand desert. Then they continued travelling safely to the end of their journey.第十周——2022-2023学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册、选择性必修第四册每周一测
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Poetry Books
Reading poems can be a lot of fun for kids. With these children's poetry books on the homepage,children will gain a new appreciation of poetry and the spoken word.
Joyful Noise : Poems for Two Voices
The entertaining sounds of insects fill these poems by Paul Fleischman, making it a favorite with 12 - 15-year-olds. These poems were written to be read aloud by two readers.
Paul Fleischman received the 1989 Newbery Medal for Joyful Noise: Poems for Two Voices. Other recognition included: Boston Globe-Hom Book Award, the PEN Center USA Literary Award and so on.
Eric Beddows' detailed pencil pictures, are vivid and effective complements to the poetry, which brings insects to life when it is read aloud by two voices.
You Read to Me, I'll Read to You : Very Short Mother Goose Tales to Read Together
Poet Mary Ann Hoberman is the author of the picture book, which includes the joyful pictures of Michael Emberley. The book contains very short story poems for two people to read aloud, alternately and together. Each of the 12 stories for 6 - 11-year-olds features rhythm, rhyme, and repetition, as well as humor and attention on the joys of reading.
The book is one of a series of story poems. All the books are designed to be read aloud by two people, as if, says Hoberman, it's " a little play for two voices". The two people can be an adult and a child or two children.
Big Talk : Poems for Four Voices
Poems for four voices are much more challenging to present than poems for two voices, but middle school students tend to enjoy the challenge. The three-story poems in it will appeal to middle schoolers. The author, Paul Fleischman, provides a clear description of how to use the book. The poems are color-coded to make them easier for the four readers to keep track of their parts.
I Am Phoenix : Poems for Two Voices
The fifteen poems for two voices in the book are all about birds. Ken Nutt's soft pencil pictures complement the poems by Paul Fleischman. The words of each poem are in two columns, each to be read by one person, sometimes individually, sometimes together.
1.Which book is written for primary school students
A.Big Talk : Poems for Four Voices.
B.Joyful Noise : Poems for Two Voices.
C.I Am Phoenix : Poems for Two Voices.
D.You Read to Me, I'll Read to You: Very Short Mother Goose Tales to Read Together.
2.How is Big Talk : Poems for Four Voices different from the other three poetry books
A.It goes with a CD. B.It contains pictures,
C.It has instructions for book users. D.It is for two children to read aloud.
3.Where may the passage be taken from
A.A novel. B.A website. C.A textbook. D.A science report.
B
China will have the most 5G connections of any nation by 2025, according to a new study, while Europe will fall behind Korea, the United States and Japan in terms of 5G penetration (渗透) by that year.
5G is the fifth generation of network technology. It is expected to bring unbelievable speeds to Internet users, with some operations running 10 times faster than on 4G networks. 5G is also expected to unlock the potential in a lot of new services, including artificial intelligence, science of robots, self-driving cars, and the Internet.
The GSMA said that China's three major mobile operators—China Unicom, China Mobile, and China Telecom—are already moving ahead with 5G networks. While most nations will have 5G by updating existing foundations, the study notes that China plans to build part of its 5G networks.
One of the major distinguishing factors between Chinese mobile operators and those in the rest of the world is the intention to erect the new and independent 5G networks. That is, China is determined to build completely advanced 5G networks. The high cost underlines China's seriousness about paying whatever it takes.
Korea will lead the world in terms of 5G penetration in 2025, when 66 percent of the nation's total connections will be 5G, according to GSMA. This compares to 50 percent in the US, 49 percent in Japan, 36 percent in China, 30 percent in Europe, and a global average of 18 percent. Out of the five economies leading on 5G, Europe will have the lowest participation in 2025, as the area is moving more slowly in having its 5G networks.
1. What will 5G bring
A. A completely new pattern for daily life.
B. Excellent networks and national safety.
C. Amazing speeds for public transportation.
D. Realizing the potential of many new services.
2. What is the future of 5G in China
A. It will develop rapidly.
B. It may be a lack of government support.
C. It will move forward slowly.
D. It may fall behind
3. Which of the following best explains "erect" underlined in Paragraph 4
A. Bring up B. Set up. C. Tum up. D. Pick up.
4. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Some Chinese will use 5G in 2025.
B. Koreans cannot own 5G in 2025.
C. Only five countries will have 5G in 2025.
D. Europe will pay little attention to 5G in 2025.
C
The Wuhan Institute of Shipbuilding Technology was used as a quarantine site (隔离区) from February 8 to March 28. Cheng Shining, a junior of Central China Normal University in Wuhan, was responsible for collecting and distributing supplies for quarantined people and medical staff. As the youngest volunteer at this site, he also chose to live there so that he could show up whenever he was needed.
One day Cheng and two other volunteers spent more than 3 hours moving all 1,462 boxes of mineral water to storage with 50 firemen's help. Cheng says, "A single person's strength is limited, but we know the whole country is helping us."
Cheng was a volunteer for the Military World Games held in Wuhan last October. It was the first time he had seen his hometown under the world's spotlight. "I've experienced the highlight of Wuhan, and now when my hometown touches a low point, I pray that I can get through the difficulty together with the city," Cheng says.
Like Cheng, 28-year-old Wuhan local Zhu Aobing also volunteered to help his home city. He signed up right away to be a volunteer for the vaccine. A total of 108 Wuhan locals became the first group of COVID-19 vaccine volunteers in March. They were healthy adults aged from 18 to 60 selected from thousands of people who applied.
"Since the lockdown, I've always been thinking what I can do for my hometown during the epidemic," he says. Zhu is a freshman of Hubei University of Technology in Wuhan. He joined the army when he was 18 years old and served for five years. However, Zhu didn't want to miss the chance to study further, so he decided to go to college last year.
"No matter how long I have finished my military service, I always have the responsibility to go to the front line when the country needs me, and when facing this pandemic (流行病), being a vaccine volunteer is what I should do," he says.
1.What words can be used to describe Cheng when he is talking about the help from the firemen
A.Negative and serious. B.Generous and excited.
C.Appreciative and optimistic. D.Cautious and supportive.
2.How did Zhu help his home city
A.By serving the Military World Games. B.By helping run a quarantine site.
C.By studying further in college. D.By being a vaccine volunteer.
3.What do Cheng and Zhu have in common
A.They are Wuhan locals. B.They served in the army.
C.They are of the same age. D.They graduated from university.
4.What is the purpose of this passage
A.To compare two people. B.To tell two volunteers' stories.
C.To present an argument. D.To report a piece of news.
D
I wanted to be a journalist. But my parents reminded me that maths makes money, so off to an engineering school I went. In my post-university young-adult life, I've managed to become "conventionally successful". As a female engineer, I worked for a big oil company and owned a home. My life was laid out in front of me, and I didn't like what I saw.
So, I did what any respectable 24-year-old would do and left my life behind. I said goodbye to my boyfriend and pulled out my suitcase. I threw myself alone into the world with the grace and beauty of a baby deer taking its first steps with skateboards under its feet. I bloodied my knees riding a mountain bike through the red rocks of Utah. I went to a thermal (温暖的) bath party in Budapest. I spent four days trudging (费力地走) through Yellowstone with 50 pounds on my back. Two Peruvian women along my Andean trek taught me how to roast coffee and helped me practise Spanish. It wasn't Vienna's cultural museums; it was a sunny patch of grass beside the Danube river with someone from my hostel who quickly became a friend. It wasn't Yellowstone's Old Faithful Geyser (老实泉) launching into the air; it was charging through Montana's ordinary landscape playing music so loud that the car windows shook. The truth is that I didn't actually need to be abroad to have almost any of my favourite experiences. They were just small everyday moments that happened to happen abroad, leading me to realise that the true value of my flight tickets was not the landmarks, but rather becoming an active participant in my own life.
I now spend less time shopping online and more time lying alone on the floor listening to an album cover-to-cover. I ask my friends how they're doing; sometimes, I surprise them with flowers to see them smile. I tell everyone to have a good day.
Maybe I'll continue to be selfish for the next five years and touch down in more countries. Maybe I'll stay grounded in my home city, but the idea no longer bothers me. Armed with new wisdom earned in a year of travel, I know with complete confidence that there're adventures hiding in any aspect of my life—as long as I'm awake enough to look for them.
1. What can we know about the author from the first paragraph
A. She preferred maths to journalism. B. She found her work challenging.
C. She was dissatisfied with her life. D. She dare not challenge her parents.
2. Why did the author list the journeys she went on
A. To introduce the landmarks she loved. B. To prove the importance of travel.
C. To express her joy of being with new friends. D. To show what she learnt from these journeys.
3. How has the travel probably changed the author according to the text
A. She has become more independent.
B. She begins to value her family's opinion.
C. She begins to enjoy her daily life more.
D. She has become more interested in foreign cultures.
4. What message does the author want to convey through this article
A. We shouldn't pay attention to what others say.
B. We shouldn't think life is better elsewhere.
C. It's necessary to get out of your comfort zone.
D. Interest is the best teacher in choosing jobs.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hope is the most powerful motivating force(驱动力) that helps people to overcome the difficulties. ①_____, you need a guiding force to keep you moving toward your goals. Hope keeps you on your feet and makes you much stronger.
Hope is your strength and inner faith in the battle of your life. ②_____, you lose everything. You do hard work and make a great effort to succeed in life but fail. That makes you upset and depressed. You do not know what to do. At that time, hope comes to your rescue and gives you encouragement. ③_____.
Hope increases the productivity, efficiency and creativity in people. A hopeful person is a positive person who can succeed in any field of his choice. ④_____. The best service we can do to the mankind is give hope to the hopeless.
⑤_____ Yes, hope gives meaning to life as without hope there is no reason to live. Give hope to the people and they will become more creative and more productive. Hope is vital to the life of every person. Besides, hope is necessary not only for life but also for living a healthy life. Hope is the best medicine that keeps away tension, depression, high blood pressure and other health problems. I had two big heart attacks and while at the edge of death, I had hope that I would survive. And the hope of getting well kept me alive.
A. A hopeless person is a failed person who can never succeed in life
B. Have you ever lost hope and felt sorry for yourself
C. Since you're full of hope for the fixture
D. You try one more time and succeed
E. In the ups and downs of life
F. Is hope necessary for life
G. If you lose hope
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, my father and I were watching a dance reality show. For some reason, I disliked one of the dancers from the very beginning of the show.
Unknowingly, I kept finding his 1 and criticising (批评) his dance moves. 2 , my father was watching the 3 with a smile all the time. When the performance ended, he looked at me and asked softly, "How much do you 4 about the dance competition, Martha " "No, Dad, not at all," I said. "Then how do you know that he is a 5 dancer " He asked still with a smile. "Just 6 the other dancers! He is not as good as them," I said. "But he is among the final 10 competitors who were carefully 7 How can he be bad Maybe his dance is of no 8 to you, but that doesn't mean you can 9 or even criticise his creativity." "Why not " I asked carelessly. "Because criticising someone or something 10 nothing but negativity around you." "Instead of criticising someone or something you don't like, you should spend your time 11 someone or something you like, which will spread 12 thoughts," my father added.
So choose 13 ! Never criticise anyone or anything unless you have a good 14 of it. This is the most 15 advice my father has ever given me.
1. A. secrets B. tricks C. mistakes D. strengths
2. A. Besides B. However C. Finally D. Immediately
3. A. movie B. action C. performance D. sign
4. A. know B. debate C. enquire D. complain
5. A. representative B. bad C. common D. silly
6. A. call on B. spy on C. glare at D. look at
7. A. treated B. raised C. suspected D. selected
8. A. benefit B. use C. interest D. importance
9. A. ignore B. limit C. prevent D. forget
10. A. affects B. gets C. contains D. solves
11. A. awarding B. appreciating C. recording D. remembering
12. A. positive B. fresh C. original D. unique
13. A. freely B. confidently C. wisely D. independently
14. A. defence B. luck C. deal D. knowledge
15. A. valuable B. ambitious C. elegant D. embarrassing
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Charles Dickens is often thought of as one of England's greatest ①________(writer) , yet his language is old-fashioned and his story plots are often unlikely to happen. How then to explain Dickens's lasting ②________(popular)
His stories, though often overlong by today's standard, are well written moral tales. They are filled with ③________(color) characters.
But what makes his books stand out from other English works is his insight into human nature. Dickens, like Shakespeare, tells us truths about human behaviour that ④________(be) as true to citizens of the 21st century as they were to his readers in the 19th century.
Readers ⑤________(return) to Dickens's books again and again over the years ⑥________(see) what he has to say about readers' own time. No surprise then that ⑦________ was Dickens that Britons turned to, during the economic crisis, to make sense of a world ⑧________(rapid) falling apart.
One of his less well-known novels, Little Dorrit, was adapted ⑨________ a popular television drama that introduced many Brits to the novel for the first time by the BBC. It's a dark story about greed and money ⑩________ is perfect to explain the bad times.
As long as Dickens's novels have something to say to modem audiences, it seems likely that he will remain one of Britain's best loved writers.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假设你是李华。最近你得知你的美国笔友John对中国文化特别感兴趣,为帮助他更快、更好地了解中国文化,请你给他写一封信推荐一本书。内容包括:
1. 该书的书名;
2. 对该书的简单介绍;
3. 阅读建议;
4. 希望这本书有所帮助。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear John,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
It was a Saturday afternoon. The color of the sky was changing, first light gray, then dark gray, and finally dark and dense. The wind was blowing heavily, and the trees were swaying in the strong wind. It began to rain cats and dogs. Soon, the road was filled with puddles from the rain.
On such a stormy afternoon, my mother took my five-year-old brother, Christopher, and me to a new big toy store she had read about in the newspaper. "So many toys," the advertisement had shouted in full and flashy color, "that we had to get a huge warehouse to fit them all!"
Christopher and I couldn't have been more excited. We ran across the parking lot, through the cold and biting rain, as fast as our little legs could carry us. We left our mother outside to battle with the frustrating umbrella, which never worked when she wanted it to. "Christine! Take care of your young brother!" Mother shouted at the top of her voice.
"Christine! I'm going to find the Lego section (乐高积木区) ! There's a new pirate ship I want, and I have four dollars! Maybe I can buy it!" Christopher exclaimed and ran off excitedly. I only half heard him. I took a right turn and, to my wide-eyed delight, found myself in the midst of the Barbie (芭比) World.
I was studying a Barbie and doing some simple math in my head when an earthshaking clap of thunder roared from the storm outside. I jumped at the noise, dropping the doll to the floor. The lights flickered (闪烁) once and died, covering everything in a blanket of blackness. Thunder continued to shake the sky and lightning illuminated the store for seconds, casting frightening shadows on my mind.
Paragraph 1:
"Oh no," I thought, "where's Christopher " _______________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
"Christine, I'm here." _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.DCB
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据文章中第二本诗集中的" Each of the 12stories for 6 - 11 -year-olds features rhythm, rhyme, and repetition, as well as humor and attention on the joys of reading" 可知,这本书适用于6到11岁的小学生。所以D项正确。
2.考查细节理解。根据文章中第三本诗集中的" The author, Paul Fleischman, provides a clear description of how to use the book" 可知,这本书的作者提供了有关如何使用该书的说明,而其他三本诗集中没有提及,所以选C项。
3.考查文章出处。根据文章第一段中的" With these children's poetry books on the homepage" 可知,homepage是(网站)主页,故本篇文章可能选自网络,所以B项正确。
B
答案：1-4DABA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中5G is also expected to unlock the potential in a lot of new services, including artificial intelligence, science of robots, self-driving cars, and the Internet. 可知, 5G将在很多新的服务领域发挥它的潜力。故选D项。
2.推理判断题。根据第四段中The high cost underlines China's seriousness about paying whatever it takes.可知, 高昂的成本凸显了中国不惜一切代价的严肃态度。再根据第五段中 36 percent in China可知, 到2025年中国5G渗透率将达到 36%0由此推测, 在未来中国5G的发展将会很迅速。故选 A项。
3.词义猜测题。根据第四段中画线词erect后面的一句 That is, China is determined to build completely advanced 5G networks.可知, 中国决心建设完全先进的5G网络。That is 意思为“也就是说”, 该句是对前一句的解释, 因此可以推测 erect与该句中的build同义, 意为“建立, 建设。”故选B项。
4.推理判断题。根据第五段中的数据可知, 到2025年韩国5G渗透率最高, 为66%, 欧洲5G渗透率为30%, 全球平均渗透率为18%。因为到2025年中国5G的渗透率为36%, 所以到时候有一些中国人会使用5G网络。故选A项。
C
答案：1-4.CDAB
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段中Cheng的原话"A single person's strength is limited, but we know the whole country is helping us."可知,在他看来,虽然个人的力量有限,但他知道整个国家都在帮助他们,他的话一方面有对于国家援助的感激之情,另一方面也能感受到战胜疫情的信心。C选项"感激并且乐观"符合文意。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段第一、二句"Like Cheng, 28-year-old Wuhan local Zhu Aobing also volunteered to help his home city. He signed up right away to be a volunteer for the vaccine."可知,Zhu帮助自己城市的方式就是申请成为疫苗志愿者。故选D项。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中"Cheng was a volunteer for the Military World Games held in Wuhan last October. It was the first time he had seen his hometown under the world's spotlight."和第四段中"28-year-old Wuhan local Zhu Aobing"可知,两位志愿者都是武汉人。故选A项。
4.主旨大意题。本文分别讲述了疫情期间的两位志愿者的故事。故选B项。
D
答案：1-4 CDCB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的My life was laid out in front of me, and I didn't like what I saw. 可知, 作者对她当时的生活不满意。故选C项。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的leading me to realise that the true value of my flight tickets was not the landmarks, but rather becoming an active participant in my own life 可知, 作者列出了她所进行的旅行是为了说明她从这些旅程中学到了什么。 故选D项。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段中的I now spend less time: shopping online and more time lying alone on the floor listening to an album cover-to-cover.以及I tell everyone to have a good day. 可推知, 作者在旅行中收获了新的人生感悟, 发现真正打动自己的其实是生活中的细节, 所以她开始积极面对生活, 享受日常生活中的美好。故选C项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的I know with complete confidence that there's adventure hiding in any aspect of my life—as long as I'm awake enough to look for it 可知, 作者完全相信在生活的各个方面都隐藏着奇遇, 由此推知别处的生活并不一定更好, 自己生活中的细节才最打动人心。故选B。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ EGDAF
解析：①根据后面 you need the guiding force to keep you moving toward your goals（你需要引导力量，让你朝着目标前进）可知，前半句提及的应是困难的情境，需要引导力量帮助前行。E选项 In the ups and downs of life（在人生的起起落落中）符合语境。故选E项。
②根据前一句 Hope is your strength and inner faith in the battle of your life.（希望是你在人生奋斗中的力量和内心的信念。）可知，希望是很重要的。因此，失去希望就失去了切。G选项 If you lose hope（如果你失去希望）与后面you lose everything可结合在一起表达此意。故选G项。
③根据前一句 At that time, hope comes to your rescue and gives you encouragement.（那时，希望会来搭救你，鼓励你。）可知，希望鼓励人们再次努力尝试。D选项 You try one more time and succeed.（你再试一次就成功了。）为希望鼓励人们成功的结果，符合语境。故选D项。
④根据后一句The best service we can do to the mankind is give hope to the hopeless.（我们能为人类做的最好的事就是给绝望的人希望。）可知，设空处应提及绝望的人为什么需要被给予希望。A选项 A hopeless person is a failed person who can never succeed in life.（一个没有希望的人是一个在生活中永远不会成功的失败的人。）符合语境。故选A项。
⑤根据设空处后的回答Yes, hope gives meaning to life as without hope there is no reason to live.（是的，希望赋予生命意义，因为没有希望就没有生活的理由。）可知，设空处在对希望是否重要提问。F选项 Is hope necessary for life？符合语境，故选F项。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 CBCAB 6-10 DDCAB 11-15 BACDA
解析：1.根据空后的and criticising his dance moves中的criticising可知, 作者一直在找这个舞者的错误, 并批评他的舞蹈动作。 故选C项。
2.根据上文提到的criticising his dance moves(作者批评那位舞者的舞蹈动作)与下文的with a smile all the time(父亲一直面带微笑观看)可知, 上下文之间为转折关系, However符合语境。故选B项。
3.根据下文的When the performance ended可知, 作者和父亲是在观看表演。故选C项。
4.根据下文父亲的问话"Then how do you know that he is a ____ dancer "可知, 父亲是问作者对舞蹈比赛了解多少。How much do you _____ about与how do you know that并列, 相呼应。故选A项。
5.根据下文作者回答父亲的话He is not as good as them以及父亲的话How can he be bad 可知, 作者觉得那位舞者很差。故选B项。
6.根据语境可知, 作者让父亲看其他的舞蹈演员, 这样可以有所比较。故选D项。
7.根据空前的the final 10 competitors可知, 这位舞者也是被精心挑选出来的最终十位选手之一。故选D项。
8.根据上文的I disliked one of the dancers from the very beginning of the show可知, 作者从一开始就不喜欢其中一个舞者, 对他的舞蹈不感兴趣。故选C项。
9.根据语境可知, 父亲认为即使作者对他的舞蹈不感兴趣, 也不应该忽视甚至批评那位舞者的创造力。故选A项。
10.尽get nothing意为“一无所获”。父亲认为, 一味指责批评只会让作者一无所获并给作者带来消极的影响。故选B项。
11.根据上文的Instead of criticising someone or something you don't like可知, 父亲是让作者不要批评不喜欢的人或东西, 而要把时间花在欣赏喜欢的人或东西上。appreciating someone or something you like与criticising someone or something you don't like相对应。故选B项。
12.根据上文的criticising someone or something _____ nothing but negativity around you 可知, 父亲认为批评只会给作者带来消极影响, 而欣赏会带来积极的思想。positive thoughts与negativity相对应。故选A项。
13.根据下文的Never criticise anyone or anything unless you have a good _____ of it. 可知, 作者意识到不了解就不要批评任何人或任何事, 要明智地选择。故选C项。
14.句意为:永远不要批评任何人或任何事,除非你很了解它。have a good knowledge of意为"对……有很好的了解, 通晓"。故选D项。
15.根据前一句Never criticise anyone or anything unless you have a good _____ of it. 可知, 作者体会到这是父亲给她的最宝贵的建议。故选A项。
第二节
答案：writers; popularity; colorful; are; have returned; to see; it; rapidly; for; that/which
解析：①考查名词复数。“one of +形容词的最高级+ 名词复数”结构表示“最……之一”,为固定用法。
②考查词形转换。空处作动词 explain 的宾语,且空前有形容词修饰,故用名词形式。
③考查形容词。空处作定语修饰 characters,故用形容词 colorful 表示“有趣的”。
④考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,that 引导定语从句指代先行词 truths,故填are。
⑤考查时态。根据时间状语 over the years 可知,本句应用现在完成时。
⑥考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处作目的状语,故用动词不定式。
⑦考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知,此句是强调句型,故填it。
⑧考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰 falling apart,故用副词。
⑨考查介词。adapt sth. for sth. 意为“将……改编为……”,常用被动形式,故填for。
⑩考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,指代 story,空处是关系词且在从句中作主语,故用关系代词that/which。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear John,
Learning that you are deeply interested in Chinese culture, I'm writing to recommend the book A Dream of Red Mansions to you, which is a literary masterpiece written by Cao Xueqin.
The book describes a tragedy of love and the decline of a big family which exposes the social crisis. It is written in classical Chinese, which is difficult to understand. So when you read it, you'd better get a classical Chinese dictionary ready for reference. In addition, I suggest that you should know some background knowledge about the Qing Dynasty.
I hope you can find pleasure in reading the book and benefit from it.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
"Oh no," I thought, "where's Christopher " Scared and frozen on the spot, I felt the need to see, hug my brother and make sure he was all right. My stomach twisted. I ran up and down the aisles in the dark, panic filling my small chest and making it difficult to breathe. I knocked into displays of candies and tripped over toys, while calling my brother's name like crazy. Anxious as I was, I could not find him. Tears of frustration and fear trickled down my face, but I continued to run.
Paragraph 2:
"Christine, I, m here." Excitement took my breath away — there in the Lego aisle I found Christopher. He was standing alone, perfectly still, next to the pirate ship set. I began to cry in relief, throwing my arms around him and hugged him tightly. He hugged me back, saying, "I knew that if I waited here, Christine, you would be able to find me." Then, I took his hand in mine and we went to look for our mother, who must be desperately searching the store for us.

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