资源简介

(共35张PPT)
现在完成时
构成
sb. have/has (助动词) done
= sb’ve/sb’s done
Have / Has sb. done
Yes, sb. have/has.
No, sb. haven’t/ hasn’t.
过去分词(done)
AAA: put– put –put
ABA: become—became—become
ABB: stand—stood—stood
ABC: eat— ate—eaten
AAB: beat— beat— beaten
AAA
cost-cost-cost read-read-read
put-put-put cut-cut-cut
let-let-let hurt-hurt-hurt
shut-shut-shut hit-hit-hit
set-set-set spread-spread-spread
run-ran-run
come-came-come
become-became-become
ABA
have (has)-had-had leave-left-left
lose-lost-lost make-made-made
feel-felt-felt spell-spelt-spelt
stand-stood-stood sit-sat-sat win-won-won shine-shone-shone hold-held-held find-found-found hear-heard-heard
hang-hung (hanged)-hung (hanged)
ABB
ABC
take-took-taken give-gave-given
fall-fell-fallen eat-ate-eaten
write-wrote-written speak-spoke-spoken
freeze-froze-frozen ride-rode-ridden
get-got-gotten (got) do (does)-did-done
forget-forgot-forgotten see-saw-seen
go-went-gone show-showed-shown lie-lay-lain
主要用法
-- It’s so dark.
-- Someone has turned off the light.
-- Are you free
-- Yes. I have finished my homework.
1.表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果(动作已结束)
I have learnt English for more than 10 years.
She has swum since half an hour ago.
2.表过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态(动作未结束)
时间状语
用法一:
already 已经（肯定句）: I have already finished my homework.
never: I have never been there before.
ever曾经: Has he ever made such a mistake
just 刚刚: I have just called you.
before: I haven’t seen him before.
yet 已经（一般疑问句）:Have you finshed your homework yet？
还（否定句）: I haven’t finished my homework yet.
these days/ recently/ lately（ 最近）
次数
用法二: for / since自从
so far = up to now到目前为止
in/for/over the last/past+时间段 在过去的...里
ever since then 自从那时起
1, 你已经问过这个问题了。
2, 你以前见过她吗？不，以前从来没有见过。
3, 我曾经写过信给他。
4, 你已经看完那本小说了吗？
You have already asked this question.
--Have you seen her before
--No, I’ve never seen her before.
I have ever written to him.
Have you finished reading this novel yet
since 与 for 的用法：
(1) since＋时间段＋ago ＝ for＋时间段
since two weeks ago = for two weeks
(2) since + 时间点 ＝ for ＋时间段
since 2007 = for 15 years
(3) since+一般过去时句子
从巴黎搬到北京后格林一家一直居住在北京。
The Greens have lived in Beijing since they moved to Beijing from Paris.
(4) It is /has been + 时间段+ since+一般过去时句子
自从某事发生已有一段时间了
我哥哥已经入伍两年了。
It is /has been two years since my brother joined the army.
对for或since引导的时间状语（用法二）提问必须用how long, 不能用when！
I have lived here for 10 years.
How long have you lived here
She has stood here since 2 hours ago.
How long has she stood here
用for和since填
______three hours
_____three o’clock
_____two days
_____yesterday afternoon
_____I came here
_____last Sunday
_______a week
_______a long time
_______1997
______two weeks
_____three years ago
_____last month
for
since
for
since
since
since
for
for
since
for
since
since
用for 或since填空
1. Bill has been in Ireland ______ Monday.
2. Jack has been in Ireland ______ three days.
3. My aunt has lived in Japan ___15 days.
4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there_____7 o'clock.
5. India has been an independent country____ 1974.
6. The bus is late. We've been waiting____20 minutes.
7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ____ many years.
8. Mike’s been ill _____a long time. He has been in hospital _______October.
for
for
for
for
for
since
since
since
since
9. It’s ten years ______ we met each other last time.
10. He has taught English ____ 25 years.
11. The Greens have lived on the farm ____ 1990.
12. They have been practicing the guitar ____ 2 hours.
13.－How long have you been a reporter
－_____ 8 years ago.
14. I haven’t gone for a walk in the park ____ a long time.
15. He’s been collecting stamps ____ he was in primary school.
for
for
for
since
since
Since
since
短暂性动词与时间段的关系
短暂性动词在肯定句/疑问句中不能与时间段连用
become, begin, buy, borrow, arrive, come, die, fall, finish, go, join, leave, marry等
为了表述这种意思,我们常用相应的延续性动词来代替短暂性动词。
常见短暂性动词和延续性动词的转变
1，v. → be + adj.
die→ be dead
finish→ be over
fall ill → be ill
get married→ be married
fall asleep→ be asleep
open/ close→ be open/ closed
他的爷爷死了九个月了。
His grandpa has been dead for 9 months.
2, v. →be + prep.
get to/ arrive/ reach→ be in/at
begin/ start→ be on
come back→ be back
join→ be in+组织机构/ be a member of + 组织机构
leave→ be away from…
come/go → be here/there/in…
他来北京两年了。
He has been in Beijing for 2 years.
自从两年前他就参军了。
He has been in the army since 2 years ago.
3, v. → 另一个v.
become →be
borrow → keep
buy → have
catch a cold → have a cold
他买那本书三周了。
He has had that book for 3 weeks.
在否定句中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用。
她一个月没买东西了。
She hasn’t bought anything for a month.
比较：
She has had the book for a month. (买)
She hasn’t bought books for a month. (买)
改错：
1.我买了这块手表五年了。
2.这位老人已经死了十年了。
I have bought this watch for five years.
I have had this watch for 5 years / since 5 years ago.
The old man has died for ten years.
The old man has been dead for 10 years / since 10 years ago.
buy → have
die → be dead
3.他已经回来三天了。
4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。
5.我离开家乡已十年了。
He has come back for 3 days.
He has been back for 3 days / since 3 days ago.
He has come here since 6 o’clock.
He has been here since 6 o’clock.
I have left hometown for 10 years.
I have been away from hometown for 10 years / since 10 years ago.
come back → be back
come → be here
leave → be away from
have been to/ have gone to/ hve been in区别
1) have been to 表曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那里
可与次数/just/never/before/already/ever等连用
我去过北京三次。
I have been to Beijing three times.
我刚才去邮局了。
I have just been to the post office.
玛丽以前从未去过长城。
Mary has never been to the Great Wall before.
你曾经去过杭州吗？
Have you ever been to Hangzhou
2) have gone to 表已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那里了, 不在说话地点
汤姆在哪里？他到书店去了。
--Where is Tom --He has gone to the bookshop.
杰克到伦敦去了。
Jack has gone to London.
3) have been in 呆在某处一段时间了
布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。
Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for 3 days.
用have been to, have gone to,
have been in 填空
Mike and his parents _____________ the north for half a year.
Mum is not at home now. She ___________ the shop.
______ you ever _____ to Kunming Never.
Where _____ you ______ these days
--Has Jim arrived yet
-- Yes, he _________ here for several days.
Where is Peter I don’t know where he ________.
Jim! Where ____ you _____ I’m looking for you.
have been in
has gone to
have been
Have been
has been
has gone
have been
1, 她曾去过香港吗？
Has she ever been to Hong Kong
2, 你以前从未去过那儿。
You have never been there.
3,我去过桂林。
I have been to Guiling.
4, 她已经去南京了。
She has gone to Nanjing.
5, 她在汕头10年了。
She has been in Shantou for 10 years.
与一般过去时的用法比较
现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，但现在完成时强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果/影响,一直延续到现在等）
一般过去时则只讲述发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系
He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.
He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.
第一句用现在完成时，意为：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it.”
第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。
填空：过去时 or 完成时？
1.-_____ you ________(clean) the room
-Yes, we __________(do) that already.
- When _______ you ______(do) it
- We _______(do) it an hour ago.
2.-______ he ______(see) this film yet -Yes.
-When _____ he _____(see) it
-He ______ it last week.
3. How many times _____ you______ (be) there
Have
cleaned
have done
did
do
did
Has
seen
did
see
saw
have
been
4. I __________ (read) the novel twice. It’s interesting.
5. -She _________(go) to Pairs, hasn’t she -Yes.
-How ______ she _______(go) there
-She _______(go) there by air.
6. So far, many countries ____________(develop) their programs.
7. Mr Chen ______(give) up smoking last year.
8. Mr Chen __________(give) up smoking since last year.
have read
has gone
did
go
went
have developed
gave
has given
1．—Do you want another slice of this pizza It's excellent. —No, thanks. I _______ enough and I'll full now.
A．have B．had C．have had D．am having
2．Tony ________ the new bike for two years.
A．buys B．bought C．has bought D．has had
3．— Amy, you must be hungry after waiting for us for such a long time.
— Don't worry. I ____________ some cookies already.
A．am eating B．will eat C．was eating D．have eaten
C
D
D
4．The movie, Hi, Mom, is so moving that I _____it 3 times.
A．see B．am seeing C．have seen D．saw
5．—How long have you___________ —For almost 2 years.
A．bought his bike B．worked in the factory
C．reached Jinan D．left your hometown
6．—Do you know Lucy's grandma
—Of course. She is a kind woman, but she ________for about a month.
A．died B．has died C．has been dead D. died
C
B
C
7．We _____ each other since I came to Beijing, but we send e-mails very often.
A．don't see B．didn't see C．haven't seen D．won't see
8．In the past 70 years, China ________ historic changes and made great achievements.
A．experienced B．has experienced
C．experiences D．would experience
9．87.2% of parents in China ____ online courses for their children so far.
A．buy B．bought C．are buying D．have bought
C
B
D
10. It is really a great movie. I ________ it several times.
A．see B．saw C．will see D．have seen
11．—Ten years has passed since we came to Shantou.
—How time flies! We have _______ here for so long.
A．come B．arrived C．worked D．left
12. —Alex, go and clean your bedroom.
—I __________ it. It's tidy and clean now.
A．have cleaned B．cleaned C．clean D. am cleaning
D
C
A

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