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Writing Workshop
新北师大选择性必修Book 4
Unit 12 INNOVATION
How to write an introduction of
an inventor and his/her invention
Which inventors have you heard
Can you say some of their inventions
Pair Work. You are going to write about an inventor and his/her invention that you find amazing. Discuss the questions.
1
Which inventor are you going to write
about
Which of his/her invention do you
find amazing
How was the invention made
What influence has this invention had on society
What should be considered if you are going to write about James Watt
James Watt’s introduction
James Watt’s invention
The influence of his invention
James Watt was an 18th-century inventor and instrument maker. Although Watt invented and improved a number of industrial technologies, he is best remembered for his improvements to the steam engine. Watt’s steam engine design incorporated two of his own inventions: the separate condenser (1765) and the parallel motion (1784). The addition of these devices made Watt’s steam engine more efficient than other steam engines.
分离式冷凝器
平行运动，
平行移动
What do you know about the history of
the development of steam engine
The earliest steam engines were the scientific novelties of Hero of Alexandria in the 1st century CE, such as the aeolipile, but not until the 17th century were attempts made to harness steam for practical purposes. In 1698 Thomas Savery patented a pump with hand-operated valves to raise water from mines by suction produced by condensing steam. In about 1712 another Englishman, Thomas Newcomen, developed a more efficient steam engine with a piston separating the condensing steam from the water. In 1765 James Watt greatly improved the Newcomen engine by adding a separate condenser to avoid heating and cooling the cylinder with each stroke. Watt then developed a new engine that rotated a shaft instead of providing the simple up-and-down motion of the pump, and he added many other improvements to produce a practical power plant.
2
Read the essay “James Watt and the Steam Engine”.
James Watt and the Steam Engine
James Watt was an engineer, scientist and inventor, who was born in Scotland in 1736. As a child, he was gifted in the areas of maths and science.
One day when he was 12 years old, he was sitting in his family kitchen watching a kettle boiling water. As the water boiled, the steam made the top of the kettle bounce up and down. He thought deeply about what was happening, as steam was only water but seemed to be powerful enough to lift a kettle top. He reflected further on the process, estimating how much more power could be created by a larger amount of water.
1. Who was James Watt
3. How did he make the improvement
Later he began to experiment with steam and eventually developed the steam engine. This was a great improvement on the Newcomen steam engine, which was commonly used at the time.
Watt’s invention changed the course of human history. Steam engines helped to power factories that started the Industrial Revolution. With this came new types of jobs and the availability of new products at lower costs. In the area of transportation, steam engines were used to power trains and boats, helping people to travel greater distances in much shorter times.
2. What did he improve
4. What contribution did he make to human history
Read and locate
Some information about the inventor.
How James Watt invented the steam
engine.
The contribution James Watt made to
human history.
Para.1
Para.3
Para.2
1. The introduction of the inventor
2. The process of the invention
3. The influence of the invention
3
Mark all the parts of an introduction of an inventor and his invention.
Underline the useful sentences for an introduction.
4
Write 2-3 sentences for your essay introducing an inventor and his/her invention. Use the Sentence Builder to help you
Time Expressions (2)
James Watt was an engineer, scientist and inventor, who was born in Scotland in 1736.
One day when he was 12 years old, he was sitting in his family kitchen watching a kettle boiling water.
As the water boiled, the steam made the top of the kettle bounce up and down.
Later, he began to experiment with steam and eventually developed the steam engine.
Sentence Builder
Now write 2-3 sentences about the inventor and his invention you are going to introduce.
① Alexander Bell, who was a famous American scientist and the inventor of the telephone, was born in Scotland in 1847.
② The telephone is so helpful that we can say that nowadays we can not live without it in our daily life.
请用英语写一篇介绍电话发明家亚历山大·贝尔 (Alexander Bell) 的文章，内容包括：
1. 介绍该人物；
2. 介绍电话的发明过程；
3. 电话的作用和影响。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增减细节，以使行文连贯。
Writing task.
5
Alexander Bell was a Scottish-born American inventor and scientist. Bell was born on March 3, 1847, in Edinburgh, Scotland. In 1870 Bell and his family emigrated to Canada. A year later Bell moved to the United States, where he taught speech to deaf students. While in the United States, Bell invented and/or improved a number of electrical technologies. He is best remembered as the inventor of the telephone (1876).
6
plete the outline of your essay based on Activity 4.
Review the structure of an introduction;
Copy the structure in your notebooks;
Write some notes on what each paragraph will contain.
体裁话题
时态人称
文章架构
核心要点
记叙文；电话发明家
一般过去时和一般现在时；
第三人称
首段：人物简单介绍
中段：电话发明的过程
尾段：电话的作用与影响
1. 贝尔出生的时间和地点
2. 实验用电线传送声音直至成功
3. 交流更方便、快捷
Outline
7
Drafting. Use your outline and the Writing Help to write your first draft.
Writing an Introduction of an Inventor and His/Her Invention
It’s important to:
make your essay well-structured and include the inventor, the inventing process (inspiration), and the influence of the invention;
use a variety of time expressions to introduce how the invention came about;
use the past tense to describe the inventor’s actions in creating the invention.
Writing Help
Alexander Bell, who was a famous American scientist and the inventor of the telephone, was born in Scotland in 1847, When young, he liked to help the deaf and attempted to find a way to send a voice over wires.
Bell thought that spoken words consisted of different vibrations. He assumed that if a wire could carry vibrations, it was surely capable of carrying a man’s voice. Bell kept on working at it with his assistant Watson. One day in 1874, working at his receiver in one room, Bell suddenly heard a sound coming from the other room. He shouted excitedly, “Mr Watson. come here! I want to see you!” He was so thrilled because he had made it.
The telephone is so helpful that we can say that nowadays we can not live without it in our daily life. Mobile phones are very convenient to carry, so people can keep in touch with anyone at any time and any place for urgent help.
1. The introduction of Alexander Bell
2. The process of the telephone
3. The influence of the telephone
Sample
n. [力]振动；共鸣；动摇（vibration 的复数）
8
Editing. Edit your essay in pairs. Then share what you have written in class.
Editing Sheet
Does the writer clearly introduce the inventor and his/her invention
Is the essay well-structured, including the inventor, the inventing process (inspiration), and the influence of the invention
Does the writer use time expressions to introduce how the invention came out
Does the writer use past tense to describe the inventor’s actions
Mark any spelling, punctuation or grammar errors.
Mark any unclear expressions. Give suggestions if you can.
Underline the expressions you like.
Comments: ____________________________________
Thank you！

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