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《英语》（选择性必修·第二册）
Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites
Reading I
I. Learning objectives
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
1. grasp the topic and the general idea of the transcript;
2. understand some important details of the transcript;
3. form their own opinions based on the transcript.
II. Key competence focus
1. Learn how to use the given information to express oneself.
2. Learn how to get a deep understanding of the reading material.
3. Learn about illustrative paragraphs.
III. Predicted area of difficulty
1. Transitional sentences to connect two paragraphs.
2. Free discussion about more examples of heritage sites facing dangers.
3. Some inferences based on the transcript.
IV. Teaching procedures
Step 1 Welcoming to the Unit
1. T greets the class.
T: Class begins, boys and girls! Good morning/afternoon!
T: Open your book at page 43. Let’s have a look at the picture on this page. What do you see on it
T: Right. The Great Wall, the largest man-made project in the world. It is a series of ancient defence works built in northern China.
T: Look through a few more pictures in this unit and you’ll know something about the topic of the unit: Protecting our heritage sites.
2. T Now watch a video carefully and fill in the blanks.
Answers: ancient architecture; its diverse wildlife; the mixed sites
T: Watch the video again and answer the three questions at page 43.
1. Which heritage site mentioned in the video impresses you most Why
Sample Answer:
1. The heritage site that impresses me most in the video is definitely the Great Pyramid of Giza. It is simply unbelievable that people who lived thousands of years ago were able to build such a massive structure.
2. What other heritage sites do you know about What are they like
2. I am familiar with several heritage sites in China, such as the Forbidden City and the Great Wall.
The Forbidden City is an imperial palace complex at the heart of Beijing. It houses imperial living and governing quarters, valuable artworks, and traditional gardens. The Forbidden City took 14 years to build and had 24 emperors in residence. It hosts about 15 million visitors per year, a maximum of 80,000 visitors per day.
The Great Wall is an example of awe-inspiring ancient defensive architecture. It is the longest wall in the world built in different areas by different dynasties to protect territorial borders. Its winding path over rugged country and steep mountains takes visitors through areas of some spectacular scenery. I think these two heritage sites are among the most impressive landmarks in the world and I have visited both of them.
【设计意图：提示学生翻阅43、44、50和55图片以及译林社所提供的短视频导入本单元，帮助学生形成本单元的主题概念。激发学生对人类和自然遗产的关注和热情。】
T Exhibit the video materials. (Optional)
(Host)
World Heritage Sites must be unique in some aspect, which have special cultural or physical significance, such as ancient ruins, historical structures, forests or mountains.
There are three types of heritage sites. The most common type is the man-made sites that are of great cultural or historical importance. There are currently more than 850 such sites across the world. One example is the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt, one of the largest construction projects in ancient times, built from several million large blocks of stone. The Great Pyramid was the tallest man-made structure in the world for more than 3,800 years. Sites like the pyramids show us how advanced ancient architecture is.
The second type is the sites of outstanding natural importance. Yellowstone National Park in the USA is one of these sites. In 1978, Yellowstone was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It’s the oldest national park in the USA, and perhaps the oldest in the world. With its diverse wildlife and many geothermal features, Yellowstone is treasured around the world. The park is famous for its spectacular volcanic geysers which shoot steaming water high into the air.
The third type is the mixed sites: the ones that are both cultural and natural. One example is Mount Huangshan in Anhui Province, China. Its towering peaks rise above a sea of clouds, making for breathtaking mountain scenery.
Mount Huangshan has been the subject of countless paintings and poems. In total, there are over 1,000 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, with new ones being added each year, and all of them are definitely worth visiting! In the light of the value of heritage, we should do our best to reserve the heritage sites.
Step 2 Reading Warming up before reading
T: This lecture is about some of the heritage sites facing serous dangers. Before you read the lecture transcript, think about two questions.
T: First, what historic sites are there in your area
Sample answer:
I know of the Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty which is a UNESCO Heritage Site. It is one of the biggest imperial tombs in China. It lies to the east of Nanjing at the southern foot of Purple Mountain. The tomb stands out not only because of the scale of its size, but also for its unique design and beauty. Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and Empress Ma were buried there. It is extremely popular with tourists.
T: Second, what dangers do you think natural and cultural heritage sites are faced with
Sample answer:
The dangers to cultural and natural heritage sites can come from both natural forces and man-made activities. Natural elements like water and wind can erode heritage sites over time. The history and beauty that these sites have carried for thousands or even millions of years can easily be lost. While human activities also present a danger to heritage sites, such as allowing too many tourists, human inaction in taking measures to protect and preserve these sites is just as harmful.
【设计意图：此节为读前热身，目的是激活学生有关人类和自然遗产储备，介绍祖国的人文和自然遗产，增强民族自豪感，为进一步深度阅读奠定基础。】
Step 3 Reading A1 Reading for the theme and structure of the trancript
T: Now read through the transcript quickly and finish off A1 at page 46.
Answer:
1. Heritage sites face various dangers.
2. Sudden and powerful natural forces
3. Flood of tourists
4. Widespread development
5. Heritage protection must be a combined effort.
T: Let’s check your progress.
Which is the best subtitle of Para. 2 and Para. 3
A. Heritage sites B. Activities and heritage
C. Ruins of the pyramids D. Danger from man and nature
Answer: D
How does the author mainly develop the text
A. By using examples. B. By using inference.
C. By using cause and effect. D. By using assumption.
Answer: A
【设计意图：通过完成练习A1帮助学生整体把握课文结构，培养学生快速阅读以获取主干信息的能力。最后是过关测试，旨在考查学生对文章的主旨和结构信息的把握。】
Step 4 Reading Reading for the detailed information
T: Now read through the text carefully and answer some of the following questions in A2:
1. How many UNESCO heritage sites are there worldwide
1. There are currently around 1,100 sites.
3. What activity is causing damage to the temples of Angkor
3. Thousands of tourists climbing up the narrow stone steps every day.
5. What causes the loss of the coral on the Great Barrier Reef
5. High seawater temperatures caused by global warming.
T: Let’s check your progress.
What can we know from the transcript
A. Warm sea water temperatures destroy seas’ natural ecology.
B. Too much visiting does harm to the temple of Angkor.
C. A big earthquake destroyed the whole city of Bam in 2003.
D. Vienna has been recognized as the musical capital of the world.
Answer: B
【设计意图：通过A2中1、3和5练习，促使学生深入课文。此项活动旨在帮助学生获取文章重要的细节信息，培养关注重要细节的习惯。最后是过关测试，旨在考查学生快速捕获信息的能力。】
Step 5 Reading for Inference
T: Now read through the text carefully and answer some of the following questions in A2:
2. How do wars threaten heritage sites
2. Wars can cause damage to ancient clay sculptures and buildings.
4. Why is the Historic Centre of Vienna on the List of World Heritage in Danger
4. Because of high-rise construction projects in central Vienna.
T: Let’s check your progress.
What does “so” refer to in the fifth sentence in Para. 1
A. Natural wonders.
B. Human civilization.
C. Feeling amazed by human and natural power.
D. Asking some questions about natural and human wonders.
Answer: C
【设计意图：通过A2中3和5练习，促使学生第三次深入课文，并基于课文信息进行推理判断，以此培养学生重构信息和再生信息的能力。最后是过关测试，旨在考查学生深度处理信息的能力。此处考查指代关系，可参考选必3第2单元第1课微课：Use pronouns to improve cohesion。】
Step 6 Micro lesson Watch the micro lesson: An illustrative paragraph
T Teacher discusses with the students about illustrative paragraphs.
T: Let’s check your progress.
Why does the author mention the temples of Angkor
A. To show the beauty of the temple.
B. To illustrate how the temple needs restoration.
C. To arrest the world’s attention to Heritage sites.
D. To prove the disadvantage of World Heritage status.
Answer: D
【设计意图：例证型段落是一种常见的写作和高考命题的手段，建议微课“例证型段落”在课堂上播放，并与学生讨论，最后督促学生第四次深入课文，完成过关练习。】
Step 7 Reading A3P46 Discussion
T: The lecturer mentions examples of heritage sites facing dangers. Can you think of more examples
Sample answer 1:
Example of natural disasters:
Everglades National Park is a natural heritage site in Florida, USA. Every year, destructive hurricanes damage or destroy the vulnerable wetlands that are home to a huge diversity of unique wildlife.
Example of wars:
In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, armed conflict catches the wildlife in the crossfire and some rare species are endangered. The world’s smallest population of mountain gorillas, which could become extinct in the near future due to other threats, sometimes also die in the war.
Example of tourist damage:
The world-famous Stonehenge in the UK is one of the most impressive prehistoric stone monuments in the world because of the size and shape of its stones, and its architectural design. It draws over 800,000 tourists annually. They have caused some damage to the prehistoric stones by chipping away at them.
T: At the end of the lecture, what questions would you like to ask the lecturer
Sample answer 1:
I would ask the following questions:
How can countries where natural disasters occur frequently plan ahead to reduce the risks of their heritage sites getting damaged
Apart from relying on UNESCO and other authorities to protect heritage sites, what action can individuals take to help protect them
What efforts have been made to protect heritage sites
【设计意图：通过几个问题的讨论帮助学生走出课文，形成自己的观点和看法。此项活动也有助学生灵活运用语言来表达自己的思想。】
V. Homework
1. Watch the micro lesson again: An illustrative paragraph
2. Finish off AP75 in the workbook.
Answer: 1. awe 2. violence 3. assessing 4. forecast 5. conservation 6. submitted 7. expansion 8. Assigned

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