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第四部分 中考题型解题指导
专题二　完形填空
完形填空是中考英语的必考题型，占10分，多为一篇200词左右的短文和10个单项选择的小题，选材多数是故事性的短文，也有科普文章、人物传记、社会文化等类型的文章。完形填空是侧重于考查语篇理解的一种测试形式，是典型的 “知能混合” 题型，它将单项填空与阅读理解融于一体。考查的知识面广，覆盖面大，综合性强，灵活度高。不仅考查词汇、习惯用法、语法、句法等基础知识，还考查考生的快速阅读能力、语言运用能力、逻辑推理能力、分析判断能力和英美文化背景等方面的综合能力。
从近五年的广东省中考英语试题来看，考生要具备扎实的英语基础知识，并在平时多做练习，逐步提高处理词义、理解语意以及处理单句之间或单句与全文之间的内在关系的能力。
选项的题型主要是以下几种类型：
1．词汇题。这种题型从句子和语境层次上来全面考查各种词类的意义和用法。
2．常用固定搭配和习惯用法题。涉及动词短语、介词短语、副词短语等的搭配和用法。
3．句法题。涉及简单句和并列句、宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句等复合句。
4．逻辑分析题。主要考查考生的阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和语言运用能力。
下面我们具体分析2018－2022年广东省中考命题完形填空所考查的内容。
项别 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
话题 社区生活 爱好 科技 友谊 幸福
核心素养 人际交往 社会责任 思维品质 人际交往 健全人格
短文篇幅 210词 231词 227词 228词 250词
考点 设置 名词 2 2 3 3 2
动词 3 3 1 2 2
形容词 3 2 2 2 2
副词 1 1 2 1 1
连词 / / / 1 1
短语 1 1 2 2 2
如何做好完形填空题？
1．完形填空是以挖空的形式对语篇进行考察，因此要提高完形填空题的做题正确率，最根本的方法是平时进行大量的阅读，增强语感和词汇量。
2．在做题的过程中，大家会发现虽然所给出的文章被抽去了10个词，但是整篇文章的内容仍是可以理解的。如果同学们不能理解文章内容，就难以将正确的词填入文中。这也就是完形填空题与以单句形式考查词汇和语法的题的根本区别。由此可见，在答题时必须时刻从上下文考虑，不应该只看到所填入的词在短语或句子内是否可行。因此，在做题时最好将全文通读一下，了解了全文的意思以后再做。
3．在完形填空的题中，首句一般不会设空，但是同学们对于首句应该给予足够的重视，因为往往它就是中心句或是引导句，它的时态往往决定了全文的时态，所以多花一点时间看首句是值得的。
4．然后以句子为单位一句一句地读，一句一句地填空，主要考虑语法、句意、逻辑和上下文联系。暂时填不出来的就空在那里，等回过头来再处理。
5．最后通读一遍，完成没有填的空，再看看填的通顺不通顺，不顺的地方大胆修改。
6．在做题的同时，同学们还要借助自己各方面的知识和生活常识等，对文章内容进行更好地把握和猜测。总之，归纳起来为：
①通读全文，掌握大意，重视首句，启示全文；
②瞻前顾后，通篇考虑，紧扣文章，结合语法；
③带入答案，复读全文，核对文章，纠正错误。
很多考生在考试时为了节省时间，边读边选，这种方法是不可取的。因为边读边选会一再打断阅读理解的整体连贯性，不易统览全文，理清文章的脉络。边读边选还很有可能造成断章取义，一空选错，后面的都跟着选错。因为有的题看起来似乎很容易，却是命题者有意安排的陷阱，让你误入迷途。因此，做完形填空题时，一定要先通读一遍全文，以了解文章内容、结构为目的。
【2022 广东】通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
Almost every Saturday morning, Molly pulls a table into her front yard.On the table she lays out some 1 in season, such as carrots and tomatoes.They are all from her garden and free for her neighbors to 2 ．“It's just lovely, like you walk by and get a beautiful gift around the corner，” said a neighbor.
( )1. A．fruits B．flowers C．leaves D．vegetables
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述莫莉家生活很难，社区的人们来帮助他们，作为回报，莫莉一家将种植的菜分享给他人，莫莉明白当日子不好过的时候，人们必须一起扶持。
【1题详解】句意：她在桌子上摆了一些应季蔬菜，如胡萝卜和西红柿。
fruits水果；flowers花；leaves叶子；vegetables蔬菜。根据“such as carrots and tomatoes”可知，是一些蔬菜，故选D。
D
( )2. A．look at B．take away
C．give up D．throw away
【2题详解】句意：它们都是从她的花园里摘的，邻居可以免费拿走。
look at看；take away拿走；give up放弃；throw away扔掉。根据“They are all from her garden and free for her neighbors to…”可知，可以让邻居免费拿走，故选B。
B
Molly started doing this in the summer of 2020.Earlier that year, a fire broke out in her house.Molly's 3 had a hard time.“People in the community came to 4 ．They brought us food and often called to make sure we were doing fine.I was deeply 5 ，” Molly said.
( )3. A．family B．class C．office D．team
【3题详解】句意：莫莉的家庭过得很艰难。
family家庭；class班级；office办公室；team队伍。根据“Molly's…had a hard time.”可知，莫莉家过得很难，故选A。
A
( )4. A．cry B．see C．help D．rest
【4题详解】句意：社区里的人来帮忙。
cry哭；see看见；help帮助；rest休息。根据“They brought us food and often called to make sure we were doing fine.”可知，社区的人来帮忙，故选C。
( )5. A．moved B．Interested C．tired D．bored
【5题详解】句意：我深受感动。
moved感动的；interested感兴趣的；tired劳累的；bored无聊的。社区的人来帮助，所以很感动，故选A。
C
A
Then the pandemic(疫情) came.Molly and her family had much time to 6 in their garden.They decided to 7 what they grew in their garden.
( )6. A．play B．work C．sleep D．dance
【6题详解】句意：莫莉和她的家人有很多时间在花园里干活。
play玩；work工作；sleep睡觉；dance跳舞。根据“Molly and her family had much time to…in their garden.”可知，莫莉和家人花时间在花园里工作、干活，故选B。
B
( )7. A．eat B．sell
C．share D．cook
【7题详解】句意：他们决定分享他们在花园里种植的东西。
eat吃；sell卖；share分享；cook烹饪。社区的人帮助过莫莉一家，他们决定分享种植的东西作为回报，故选C。
C
No one knew about it at first.But 8 ， people got into the habit of coming around.They would stop by and leave with some vegetables.Molly's yard became a 9 place.
( )8. A．sadly B．slowly C．badly D．carefully
【8题详解】句意：但慢慢地，人们养成了接受的习惯。
sadly悲伤地；slowly缓慢地；badly严重地；carefully仔细地。根据“No one knew about it at first.But…， people got into the habit of coming around”可知，开始无人知晓，但是慢慢地，人们养成了接受的习惯，故选B。
B
( )9. A．clean B．small
C．terrible D．popular
【9题详解】句意：莫莉的院子成了一个受欢迎的地方。
clean干净的；small小的；terrible糟糕的；popular流行的，受欢迎的。根据“They would stop by and leave with some vegetables.”可知，人们会过来，然后带着一些蔬菜离开，所以莫莉的院子变成一个受欢迎的地方，故选D。
D
One thing Molly has learned from this experience is that people have to work together when days are 10 ．She is glad that love has spread in this community.
( )10. A．difficult B．Sunny C．short D．cool
【10题详解】句意：莫莉从这次经历中学到的一件事是，当日子不好过的时候，人们必须一起扶持。
difficult困难的；sunny晴朗的；short短的；cool酷的。根据“One thing Molly has learned from this experience is that people have to work together when days are…”和前文“had a hard time”可知，日子不好过、很困难，故选A。
A
Ⅰ.【2021 广东】
Many kids are crazy about space.Last month, a space agency (机构) told the public that they were 1 “a planet protection officer”. Some people laughed at the funny job title, but a 9-year-old boy took the information 2 ．He wrote a letter to the agency, saying that he wanted the job.
( )1. A．waking up B．looking for C．dealing with D．talking about
( )2. A．simply B．lightly C．seriously D．clearly
B
C
“Dear sirs, my name is Sam Lee.I think I am the 3 person for the job，” he wrote.
( )3. A．right B．kind
C．important D．favorite
A
What are Sam's 4 ？ For one, he wrote, “My sister says I act like an alien (外星人)．” Sam also said he had watched almost all the 5 movies he could find.His last sentence may touch people's hearts: “I am young, so I can learn to think like an alien.”
( )4. A．dreams B．problems
C．discoveries D．advantages
( )5. A．war B．road
C．space D．sports
D
C
Sam soon got a 6 from Bill Black, director of the agency.“We have received your letter.It is great that you are interested in the job.This job is to 7 the earth from germs (细菌) on things brought back from other planets.” Bill ended the letter with some warm words, 8 Sam to study hard and do well in school.“We hope to 9 you at the agency one day.” he wrote.
( )6. A．job B．test C．reply D．ticket
( )7. A．move B．protect C．pull D．collect
( )8. A．warming B．helping C．ordering D．encouraging
( )9. A．see B．tell C．thank D．search
C
B
D
A
“Among kids, there are 10 space scientists.” Bill told a newspaper.“We think of this letter as a chance that may forever change a kid's life.”
( )10. A．past B．future
C．recent D．present
B
Ⅱ.【2020 广东】
We are now in the 22nd century.With the development of science and technology, people can change their bodies in the way they want.
As years went by, Mr.Smith 1 his look.Several months ago, Mr.Smith went to a body engineering shop and 2 a small nose.Small noses were very 3 these years.After the operation, he looked at himself in the mirror (镜子) and found that his 4 hair no longer fit his new look.Then he wanted a change to long hair.When he was leaving,
the shop keeper 5 told him that the shop had a special offer on ears.At last, Mr.Smith went out of the shop with a small nose, long hair and two new ears.
( )1. A．was bored of B．was relaxed about
C．was excited about D．was pleased with
( )2. A．cared for B．waited for C．asked for D．sent for
( )3. A．popular B．similar C．strange D．useful
( )4. A．long B．short C．thick D．thin
( )5. A．silently B．foolishly C．carelessly D．suddenly
A
C
A
B
D
In the next few weeks, Mr.Smith's interest in his 6 kept growing.He bought new eyes, new hands and new feet.After that, he looked very young for his age, and 7 different.He felt satisfied with himself.However, the 8 in the face and fingerprints brought him much trouble.He was 9 to enter places like railway stations and airports.In the end, he decided to have his old body back！ To his surprise, Mrs.Smith was unhappy with his 10 because she could not bear (忍受) the bad smell of his old feet.
( )6. A．shape B．age C．life D．look
( )7. A．probably B．hardly C．nearly D．completely
( )8. A．smile B．change C．color D．kiss
( )9. A．guided B．refused C．forced D．allowed
( )10. A．interest B．Condition C．decision D．situation
D
D
B
B
C
Ⅲ.【2019 广东】
Cindy and Anna were best friends.Some days they could spend hours happily together without any argument, but other days they just could not 1 on what to do.
( )1. A．agree B．live C．depend D．try
A
One day they decided to play in the garden near their school.“Come on, let's play chess，” Anna said.
“I don't want to play chess，” Cindy replied.
“We always do what you want to do, Cindy.It's my turn to make a 2 ，” Anna said.She was getting a little unhappy and 3 ， leaving Cindy alone.
( )2. A．promise B．projec C．decision D．dialogue
( )3. A．went over B．went on C．went by D．went away
C
D
Cindy was very angry. 4 she got home, she found she still had Anna's notebook in her schoolbag.“Well, I'm not giving it back to her today.I'm too mad at her, ” Cindy thought.
( )4. A．Because B．After
C．Unless D．If
B
The next day at school, their teacher Mrs.Stone 5 their notebooks.But Anna didn't have hers, and she looked 6 ．Cindy knew she should tell Mrs.Stone that she had the notebook, but she was 7 mad at Anna．
( )5. A．gave away B．asked for C．handed in D．paid for
( )6. A．worried B．normal C．proud D．relaxed
( )7. A．still B．never C．usually D．Almost
B
A
A
When it was time for lunch, Cindy finally told Mrs.Stone the 8 ．“Thank you for being 9 ， Cindy.I'm sure Anna will be thankful that you have given me her notebook，” said Mrs.Stone.
( )8. A．chance B．method C．truth D．rule
( )9. A．patient B．honest C．active D．quiet
C
B
Later, Mrs.Stone asked the two girls together and talked with them.Mrs.Stone helped them 10 that it was a good idea to take turns to decide the activity.They became best friends again.
( )10. A．describe B．explain C．guess D．realize
D
Ⅳ.【2018 广东】
A wealthy man loved his son very much.As he wanted his son to lead a happy life, he decided to send him to see a wise old man for his advice on happiness.
When the old man learnt about his 1 ， he handed the boy an empty bowl and said, “Go to the river miles away and 2 it with water, I will tell you about it 3 no water is spilt (洒) when you reach here.” Although the boy was very surprised at this, he had no choice but to 4 this task.
( )1. A．research B．promise C．purpose D．experience
( )2. A．wash B．fill C．compare D．connect
( )3. A．if B．until C．unless D．while
( )4. A．put out B．pick out C．point out D．carry out
C
B
A
D
The boy 5 on foot for the river and some time later came back with a bowl of water.The old man asked him, “Did you notice the beautiful flowers along the road and the birds singing in the trees？” The boy could say nothing about them because he gave his 6 attention to the bowl in his hands.
( )5. A．set off B．paid off C．got off D．kept off
( )6. A．public B．weak C．quick D．full
A
D
The old man smiled and said, “Bring me 7 bowl of water, but this time enjoy the flowers and the singing of birds as well.”
( )7. A．any B．every
C．another D．the other
C
When he returned, the boy was able to 8 everything he had seen to the old man.But when he looked down at his bowl, he found 9 that most water was gone.He forgot all about his bowl while enjoying the beautiful things along the road.
( )8. A．change B．imagine C．examine D．describe
( )9. A．lazily B．sadly C．luckily D．excitedly
D
B
“Well, young man，”the old man said.“Enjoy the beauty of the world, but never forget the water in your bowl.This is the 10 of happiness.”
( )10. A．result B．cause
C．secret D．decision
C
Ⅴ.【原创课堂】
A
The First Lesson is a educational public welfare program.
It is an educational program cooperated by CCTV and the Ministry of education in 2022. It has a profound education for primary and middle school students. It’s 1 at 8 p．m.on September 1 every year.
( )1. A．shown B．expected C．served D．returned
A
The theme of the first lesson this year is: “struggling to 2 dreams” . Some special guests were invited to the 3 . Winners of “the August lst Medal” . Role Model of the Times, scientific and technological workers, Olympic athletes and volunteers shared a 4 and interesting “ first lesson”with students in China．
( )2. A．hold B．change C．achieve D．praise
( )3. A．subject B．game C．business D．program
( )4. A．friendly B．lively C．lovely D．lonely
C
D
B
This year’s program moved the 5 to the Wentian space lab. The astronauts of the Shenzhou XIV took part in the program through the connection. They 6 the students to “cloud” to visit the Wentian space lab. Wang Yaping also 7 the program to share her experience of returning to the earth from space. 8 ， the classroom was also moved into Saihanba and Xishuangbanna．Students felt the beautiful and amazing land of China． All of them developed their 9 of natonal pride after having this class.
( )5. A．classroom B．playground C．library D．museum
( )6. A．introduced B．allowed C．invited D．led
( )7. A．put off B．joined in C．did with D．agreed on
( )8. A．Besides B．Already C．Finally D．Then
( )9. A．sight B．sound C．sense D．face
A
D
B
A
C
Only when the young is strong, our country can be 10 enough.The First Lesson of 2022 encourages teenagers to struggle in the new era with lively and exciting stories.The students should bravely take the duty(重任) of the times and create a wonderful future for our motherland！
( )10. A．colorful B．powerful
C．peaceful D．useful
B
B
Nowadays, it is common to meet some 1 mobile phone users in the street. Perhaps they are busy talking, texting or checking the latest messages on WeChat without looking at what is 2 around them. As the number of this new “species” of human has kept rising, they have been given a new name—phubbers (低头族). It refers to people who look down at the mobile phone screen whenever and wherever.
( )1. A．active B.free C.busy D.boring
( )2. A．coming on B.going on C．holding on D.keeping on
C
B
Recently, a cartoon 3 by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight (聚光灯). In the short film, different people in society are burying themselves in their phones. A doctor plays with his mobile phone while letting his patient die, a pretty woman 4 the lake with a mobile phone, and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone. A series of similar events finally lead to tragedy (悲剧).
( )3. A．created B.designed C.took D.produced
( )4. A．breaks into B.gets down C.runs down D.falls into
A
D
The tragedy caused is real 5 the ending sounds unbelievable.
( )5. A．because B.if
C.although D.unless
C
Your health is greatly effected first. Keeping your head down may hurt your neck, because the neck is 6 like a rope, which will break after long-term stretching (拉伸). Also, staring at mobile phones for long periods of time will be 7 for your eyesight, according to the medical experts.
( )6. A．just B.actually C.even D.probably
( )7. A．dangerous B.harmful C.painful D.terrible
A
B
But that's not all. Phubbers will lose some of their social skills and 8 them away from their friends and family. At reunions (团聚) 9 family or friends, phubbers play with their mobile phones with great interest while others are chatting happily with each other. It's a sad truth that this creates a 10 atmosphere (气氛)．
( )8. A．prevent B．stay C.drive D.take
( )9. A．for B.from C.through D.with
( )10. A．nervous B.strange C.magical D.uncomfortable
C
D
B
It can also cost them their life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, met with unexpected accidents in the face of day, because they have lost themselves.

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