资源简介

2023年初中英语语法之强调句讲解及专题训练
强调句含义
所谓强调，就是通过某种手段把句子的一部分甚至整个句子所表达的信息加以突出、强调。表示强调的手段很多：
1. 用“it引导”的强调句，又叫做分裂句（cleft sentence）。
2. 用what引导一个假似分裂句，用以加强语气。
3. 用do加强语气。
4. 变换副词的位置以加强副词本身的语气。
5. 用as/ though加强语气。
6. 把宾语、表语或状语放在句首，加强语气。
7. 把现在分词、过去分词或不定式放在句首，加强语气。
8. 将要加强语气的词重复使用。
9. 用-self代词加强语气。
10. 用“附加短语”加强语气。
11. 形容词前加very等。
12. 比较级前加a lot 等。
13. 最高级前加by far 等。
14. 否定意味的强调。
15. 加入短语，加强语气。
常考的强调句结构是it引导的句子：It is (was) 被强调部分 + that (who) + 句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语，宾语和状语。例如：
原句：My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调主语：It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调宾语：It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.
强调时间：It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab.（注意不用when）
强调地点：It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.
英语强调句型的基本用法和构成
强调句型常用句型：It is/was +… who/that…
1. 如强调句型指现在或未来的情况用It is指过去用It was。
e.g. It is I who/ that am wrong.
分析：被强调部分为人强调词可用who也可用that. 指现在的情况所以以 It is开头，被强调部分是 I谓语用 “am”
原句： I am wrong.
e.g. It was him who\that I saw the day before yesterday.
原句为 I saw him the day before yesterday.
分析：指过去的情况用It was 开头，被强调部分为人所以强调词仍是who\that.
2. 被强调部分往往为句子的主语、宾语、时间状语、地点状语等，但有时也可以强调比较复杂的内容。 如时间状语从句、地点状语从句、not until… 结构、not only…but also…和as well as…等结构。
e.g. It was only when I reread his poems recently that I began to appreciate their beauty. (appreciate means understand and enjoy the good qualities or value of something欣赏、鉴赏、领会)
分析：强调部分为复杂的时间状语从句强调词不能使用when只可用that
e.g.It is not only he but also his parents who\that have been to Beijing.
3. 被强调部分为人称代词时，原句用什么格强调句也用什么格。
如上述例句。
4. 关于强调词的选用，强调人时可用who 或that，如果不强调人一律用that。此时绝不能与定语从句混淆，被强调部分为时间状语、地点状语、或原因状语时不可误用when, where 或why。
e.g. It was in the street that I met him yesterday.
尽管被强调部分是地点状语，强调词不能使用where只可用that.
e.g. It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.分析：指过去的情况用It was 开头，尽管被强调部分是时间状语，强调词不能使用when只可用that.
e.g. It was because he was ill that died at once
被强调部分为复杂的原因状语从句强调词不能使用why只可用that。
5. 被强调部分如果为主格人称代词，who\that后的动词和主格人称代词在人称和数上保持一致。
6. 强调句型的一般疑问句结构 Is\Was it… who\ that…
e.g. Was it during the Second World War that he died
分析：以Was it 开头被强调部分是时间状语，强调词用that。
7. 强调句型的特殊疑问句结构
特殊疑问词+is\was it… who\ that…
强调句型的特殊疑问句是就特殊疑问词强调
Where was it that you found your lost pen
原句：Where did you found your lost pen
8.强调句型It is \was…who/ that中is\was前面可用much\may\might等表推测的情态动词修饰。
e.g. It might be in his room that he met her.
注意：如改成特殊疑问句由于may,must表推测的情态动词只用于肯定句，所以否定句，疑问句might 应改成could.
e.g. Where could it be that he met her
9. 强调部分为时间状语和地点状语时有可能先接定语从句再接强调句型。
e.g. It was on October 1st,1949 when he joined the Party that he was killed.
e.g. It was in the room where he had studied for three years that he hound his lost pen.
10. 判断强调句型是否正确的方法是将强调部分去掉如去掉强调句型结构后句子仍正确，强调句型就正确。
强调句和定语从句都有哪些区别？
1. 强调句与主语从句的比较
强调句将句子中的it is / was…that同时省去，句子仍然成立；而主语从句将that与后面部分代替it，成立。如：
(1) It is Li Lei’s brother that you met in the street yesterday. 你昨天在街上所见到的就是李蕾的兄弟。
本句若将It is 及 that同时省去为：You met Li Lei’s brother in the street yesterday. 句子同样成立，因此前面的句子是强调句型。
(2) It is exciting that we have succeeded in sending up Shenzhou V. 我们成功地发射了神舟五号这件事情真令人兴奋。
本句若将It is 及 that同时省去为：We have succeeded exciting in sending up Shenzhou V. 显然句子错误，因此，前面句子不是强调句型，而是主语从句。
2. 强调句与定语从句的比较
◎强调句中的It没有实际意义，It be与that可同时被省略;而定语从句中的It是主语，It be与that不可同时省略;
◎强调句型中be的时态须跟后面句子的时态相一致;而定语从句中主句谓语动词be的时态须由主句的时间确定;
◎强调句将句子中的that不能省略，并且即使前面的名词是事物时，也不能将that换成which;而定语从句中的that作宾语时可被省略，并且当先行词是事物时可用which代替。
◎当it be后面的时间、地点名词作主语、宾语或表语时，引导词可用that / which;而作其他成分时，引导词须用when / which。如：
(1) It is an English book (that / which) I bought yesterday. 它是我昨天买的书。(本句是对What is that 问句的回答，that所引导的是定语从句，that可被省略)
It was the English book that I bought yesterday. 昨天我所卖的就是这本书。(本句相当于对I bought the English book yesterday中an English book进行强调)
(2) It was a room where we used to have meetings. 它是我们过去常在开会的房子。(where 所引导的从句对前面的room进行说明，它是定语从句)
It was in the room that we used to have meetings. 过去我们开会就在这间房子里。(in the room是被强调的部分，本句是强调句型)
(3) It is a day when the people celebrate their victory. 这是人们庆祝他们的胜利的日子。 (when所引导的从句对a day进行说明，是定语从句)
It was on that day that people celebrated their victory. 就在那一天，人们庆祝了他们的胜利。(强调on October 1, 1949)
3.强调句与状语从句的比较
◎状语从句句首的It本身就是句子的主语;而强调句首的It不作任何成分也没有实际意义。
◎状语从句的连接副词that及句子前面的It be不能去掉(from)。
◎状语从句的引导词可以是when / where，而强调句型中的that不能用其他词代替。如：
(1) It is such an interesting book that we all like it very much. 它是一本如此有趣的书，我们大家都非常喜欢。(结果状语主从复合句)
It is such an interesting book that we all like very much. 我们大家都非常喜欢的就是一本如此有趣的书。(强调such an interesting book)
(比较：It is such an interesting book as we all like very much. 这就是我们大家都非常喜欢的如此有趣的书。定语从句)
(2) It was already morning when he woke up. 当他醒来时，已经是早晨了。(时间主从复合句)
It was the next morning that he woke up. 就在第二天早晨他醒来了。(强调the next morning)
英语强调句考点训练
1. It was after he got what he had desired _________ he realized it was not so important.
A. that B. when C. since D. as
2. David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature _________ he chose the course.
A. that B. what C. why D. how
3. It wasn’t until nearly a month later _________ I received the manager’s reply.
A. since B. when C. as D. that
4. It is what you do rather than what you way _________ matters.
A. that B. what C. which D. this
5. The Foreign Minister said, “_________ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”
A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is
6. It was _________ back home after the experiments.
A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go
7. When was _________ that the general manager left for Japan
A. he B. it C. that D. since
8. It might have been John _________ bought a present for Mary yesterday.
A. that B. when C. what D. which
9. It was what he meant rather than what he said _________ annoyed me.
A. which B. as C. what D. that
10. It is the protection for the trees _________ really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.
A. that B. where C. which D. while
11. It was lack of money, not of effort, _________ defeated their plan.
A. which B. as C. that D. what
12. I guess it was his eyes _________ attracted me first.
A. that B. where C. which D. while
13. It was his nervousness in the interview _________ probably lost him the job.
A. which B. since C. that D. what
14. “How was _________ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace ” “Totally by chance.”
A. it that B. he that C. it when D. he which
15. What is it _________ his daughter needs most
A. what B. which C. that D. if
16. It was when she was about to go to bed _________ the telephone rang.
A. since B. as C. that D. then

【参考答案】1—5 AADAD 6—10 CBADA 11—15 CACAC 16 C

展开更多......

收起↑