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2023年初中英语考试语法学习：状语从句考点及专项练习
语法必看：五类状语从句的讲解
一、时间状语从句
1. 译成相应的时间状语
1) 与原文顺序一致
While she spoke, the tears were running down.
她说话时，泪水直流。
2) 后置改前置
Please turn off the light when you leave the room.
离屋时请关灯。
2. 译成“刚（一）……就……”的句式
When I reached the beach, I collapsed.
我一游到海滩，就昏倒了。
3. 译成并列的分句
1) 译文前置
They set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid.
他还没有交赎金，他们就把他释放了。
2) 后置不变
I was about to speak when Mr. Smith cut in.
我正想讲，史密斯先生就插嘴了。
二、原因状语从句
1. 译成表“因”的分句
1) “因”在“果”之前
The crops failed because the season was dry.
因为气候干旱，作物歉收。
2) “果”在“因”之前
She could get away with anything, because she looked such a baby.
她能渡过任何风险，因为她看上去简直还像娃娃模样。
2. 译成因果偏正复句中的主句
Pure iron is not used in industry because it is too soft.
纯铁太软，所以不用在工业上。
Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion.
他深信这件事正确可靠，因此坚持己见。
3. 译成无关联词的因果关系并列分句
Where there is sound, there must be sound waves.
哪里有声音，哪里就必有声波。
After all, it did not matter much, because in 24 hours, they were going to be free.
反正关系不大，24小时以后他们就自由了。
三、表示条件的状语从句
1. 译成表示条件的分句，汉语一般前置
When this question is answered, even better and cheaper magnetic materials can be developed.
如果这一问题得到解决，就能研制出更好、更便宜的磁性材料。
2. 译成表示“假设”的分句，一般前置
If one of them collapsed, as they often did, the guide used to carry him over the mountains.
如果其中一个人垮了，这种事常在他们中间发生，向导就要背着他过山。
3. 译成补充说明情况的分句，一般后置
You can drive tonight if you are ready.
你今晚就可以出车，如果你愿意的话。
四、表示让步的状语从句
1. 译成表示“让步”的分句，一般前置
While this is true of some, it is not true of all.
虽有部分如此，但不见得全部如此。
I still think that you made a mistake while l admit what you say.
就算你说得对，我仍认为你做错了。
2. 译成表示“无条件”的条件分句，一般前置
Plugged into the intercommunication system, the man can now communicate with the rest of the crew no matter what noise is going on about him.
不管周围是多么喧闹，插头一接上机内通话系统，他就能和同机其余的人通话。
五、表示目的的状语从句
1. 译成表示“目的”的前置分句，常用“为了”等引导
They stepped into a helicopter and flew high in the sky in order that they might have a bird's eye view of the city .
为了对这个城市作一鸟瞰，他们跨进直升机，凌空飞行。
2. 译成表示“目的”的后置分句，常用“省（免）得”、“以免”、“以便”、“使得”、“生怕”等引导
The murderer ran away as fast as he could so that he might not be caught.
凶手尽快地跑开，以免被人抓住。
哪些情况下状语从句的be动词可以省略
当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形:
1. 连词+形容词
As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。
Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。
Work hard when (you are) young, or you'll regret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。
2. 连词+现在分词
As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。
Although (he is) doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.尽管近来他一直在学数学,但他仍然没有取得好成绩。
3. 连词+名词
While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩子时代就乐于助人。
Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous director.尽管他曾是个农民,但现在他是位著名的导演了。
4. 连词+介词短语
She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。
He had mastered the English language before (he was) in the USA.他到美国之前就懂英语了。
注意:当从句主语和主句主语不一致时,从句部分要么用完全形式,要么用独立主格结构来表达。例如:
When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.当会议结束时,人们都走出了会议室。(=The meeting over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.)
5. 连词+过去分词
He won't go there with us unless (he is) invited.除非受到邀请,否则他不会和我们一道去那里。
The concert was a great success than (it was) expected.这场音乐会出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。
6. 连词+不定式
He stood up as if (he were) to say something.当时他站起来好像要说什么。
He wouldn't solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge.即使他来负责,他也解决不了这个问题。
状语从句易错题（有详解）　　
以下试题均涉及状语从句，但它们均在某个方面很容易出错，看看你能不能做对它们：　　
1. Don’t be afraid of asking for help _______ it is needed.　　
A. unless B. since　　
C. although D. when　　
2. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’ curiosity ________ he reaches the end of the story. 　　
A. when B. unless　　
C. after D. until　　
3. _______ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. 　　
A. Even though B. Unless　　
C. As long as D. while　　
4 You will succeed in the end ____ you give up halfway. 　　
A. even if B. as though　　
C. as long as D. unless　　
5. “Was his father very strict with him when he was at school ” “Yes. He had never praised him _______ he became one of the top students in his grade.” 　　
A. after B. unless　　
C. until D. when　　
6. _____ I suggest, he always disagrees. 　　
A. However B. Whatever　　
C. Whichever D. Whoever　　
7. You should put on the notices ______ all the people may see them.　　
A. where B. in which　　
C. at D. for them　　
8. _____ she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.　　
A. Wherever B. However　　
C. Whichever D. Whoever　　
9. Mary clapped her hand over her mouth _______ she realized what she had said.　　
A. while B. as soon as　　
C. suddenly D. then　　
10. ________ her faults, she’s 　　Arnold　　’s mother. Don’t be so rude to her.　　
A. Whatever B. What　　
C. Whichever D. Whenever 　　
11. ____ you’re got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. 　　
A. Now that B. After　　
C. Although D. As soon as　　
12. I thought she was the very girl that I should marry _______ I met her.　　
A. first time B. for the first time　　
C. the first time D. by the first time　　
13. Don’t play by the river _______ you fall in and drown!　　
A. in case B. so that　　
C. in order that D. when　　
14. Why do you want a new job ____ you’ve got such a good one already 　　
A. that B. where　　
C. which D. when　　
15. He is better than _______ I last visited him. 　　
A. when B. that　　
C. how D. which　　
16. _______ the punishment was unjust, he accepted it without complaint.　　
A. So long as B. Even though　　
C. Since D. While　　
17. ________ the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.　　
A. While B. As　　
C. Since D. Because　　
18. _______ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. 　　
A. As long as B. As far as 　　
C. Just as D. Even if 　　
19. _______ rich one may be there is always something one wants.
A. Whatever B. Whenever　　
C. However D. Wherever　　
20. John shut everybody out of the kitchen _______ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.　　
A. which B. when　　
C. so that D. as if　　
　 　
【答案与解析】　　
1. 选 D。when 意为“在(当)……时候”。其余三项填入空格处，句意不通。　　
2. 选 D。until 意为“直到”，句意为“一位优秀的故事讲述者必须能够让听众在故事结束前一直保持好奇心”。　　
3. 选 C。as long as 意为“只要”，全句意为“只要我知道这钱是安全的，我就不会担心了”。类似地，下面一题也选 as long as：　　
“What are you going to do this afternoon ’ “I’ll probably go for a walk later on ____ it stays fine.”
A. as far as B. as long as　　
C. even if D. as if　　
4. 选 D。unless 意为“如果不”、“除非”，用以引导一个条件状语从句。　　
5. 选 C。考查 not…until… 句式，其意为“直到……才……”。　　
6. 选B。whatever 引导的是让步状语从句，相当于 no matter what。注意不能选A，因为 suggest 是及物动词，它应带自己的宾语，而 however 不能用作宾语。　　
7. 选A。where 指“在……的地方”，用以引导地点状语从句。　　
8. 选A，wherever 意为“无论什么地方”。　　
9. 选 B。根据语境可推知。如下面一题也选as soon as：　　
_______ he became rich he cast aside all his old friends who gave him some help.　　
A. While B. As soon as　　
C. Suddenly D. Then　　
10. 选A。whatever her faults 为让步状语从句，句末省略了谓语动词 are。　　
11. 选 A。now that 为连词，用以引导原因状语从句，其意为“既然”，与since 同义。其中的 might as well意为“不妨”。全句意为“既然你得到一个机会，你不妨充分利用它”。　　
12. 选C。the first time 在此用作连词，用以引导状语从句。句意为“我第一次见到她就认为她很诚实”。　　
13. 选A。in case 意为“以防”。　　
14. 选 D。when 不表示“当……的时候”，而表示“既然”，相当于 since，用以引导原因状语从句。全句意为：你既然已经有了这么好的工作，干吗还要找新的工作呢 请再两例：　　
I can’t tell you when you won’t listen. 既然你不想听，我就不告诉你了。　　
Why use wood when you can use plastic 既然能用塑料，为什么还要用木料 　　
15. 选A。than 后省略了 he was，假若补充完整，全句即为 He is better than he was when I last visited him。　　
16. 选 B。比较四个选项：so long as(只要)，even though(即使)，since(自从，既然)，while(当……时候)，其中只有B的意思最合适，全句意为“即使处罚不公平，他毫无怨言地接受”。　　
17. 选A。while 在此不表示“当……的时候”，而表示“尽管”。　　
18. 选B。as far as 意为“尽，就，至于”，常用于 as far as I know(据我所知)，as far as one can see(在某人看来)，as far as one can(某人尽力)，as far as sth / sb is concerned(就某事 / 某人来说)等结构。　　
19. 选C。however 在此引导让步状语从句，意义上相当于 now matter how。　　
20. 选 C。so that 引导目的状语从句，其意为“为了”。　　

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