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备战2023年中考英语阅读话题训练 专题10 高铁的建立与发展
一、阅读理解
（2022九上·江都月考）阅读短文，回答问题
Hello, I'm Rob. Welcome to our programme. Today
we're talking about high-speed train travel. Many countries have very fast
trains that transport people from city to city in super-quick time. Yes,
high-speed train travel is becoming popular. Well, we'll be finding out why the
UK is hoping to do something that is already popular by building a new
high-speed rail line.
We know that high-speed train travel has many
good things. It helps to take traffic off the road, it causes less pollution,
it can move lots of people and it's quick. Yes, speed is important. Now, the
TGV train in France takes about three hours to travel over 750 kilometres from
Paris to Marseille in the south - very impressive.
But the UK has been slow to build high-speed
rail lines. It has one from London to Paris, but the Transport Secretary,
Patrick McLoughlin, thinks one line is not good enough. People can go from
London to Paris on high-speed trains, but can't go from London to Birmingham.
That means you can get to Paris by train more quickly than you can travel to
many British cities. The government wants to build another one — called HS2 —
connecting London to the middle and north of England.
But not everyone agrees to the plan and there is
much discussion. Some say it will be very expensive to build, although some
experts（专家）say for every 1 pound spent, it will bring 2
pounds back. There are also worries that some of the countrysides will be
destroyed. It could be a long time before a final decision is made. So now
we'll just have to accept that our trains in the UK will carry on at an
unhurried speed while we watch with envy as another country's high-speed train
passes us by!
Thank you. We hope you've enjoyed today's
programme.
1．What is the type of the programme
A．A news review. B．A drama series.
C．A chat show. D．A weekly round-up.
2．Why does Rob mention the TGV train in paragraph 2
A．To explain how it works. B．To show how fast it travels.
C．To report how far it goes. D．To prove how famous it is.
3．What can we infer from the article about the high-speed train travel in the UK
A．It is slow. B．It is expensive.
C．It falls behind. D．It becomes popular.
4．What does the host think of building a new rail line in the UK
A．It will be completed soon. B．It is not a good idea.
C．It destroys the environment. D．It may take a long time.
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．C
4．D
【知识点】社会活动类；记叙文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文分析了高铁的优势，介绍了英国的高铁线计划以及不同人对这个计划的看法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要涉及细节理解题和推理判断题，细节理解题需要从原文找答案，推理判断题需要联系上下文推断出需要的信息。
1．推理判断题。根据“Today we're talking about high-speed train travel. ”今天我们讨论的是高速火车旅行，“ Well, we'll be finding out why the UK is hoping to do something that is already popular by building a new high-speed rail line.”我们将会知道为什么英国希望通过建造一条新的高速铁路线来做一些已经很受欢迎的事情。以及“But not everyone agrees to the plan and there is much discussion. ”但不是每个人都同意这个计划，而且有很多讨论，从这些信息中可以推断出这是一篇新闻评论，故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据“it's quick. Yes, speed is important. Now, the TGV train in France takes about three hours to travel over 750 kilometres from Paris to Marseille in the south - very impressive. ”它很快。是的，速度很重要。现在，法国的 TGV 列车从巴黎到南部的马赛需要大约三个小时，行程超过750公里——令人印象深刻。所给例子进一步形象的说明了高速火车速度快，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“ the UK has been slow to build high-speed rail lines”可知英国在建设高铁方面是落后的，故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“It could be a long time before a final decision is made. ”可知在最后下决定之前还有很长一段时间，由此推断出作者的看法是在英国修建一条新的铁路需要很长时间，故选D。
（2021八上·康巴什月考）阅读理解
How will you go traveling between provinces Many people
may like traveling by train because it's safer and cheaper. Now the high-speed
railways connect eastern and western China as well as the south and the north.
A new high-speed railway opened on September 10. 2017. It
connects Zhengzhou in Henan province with Xuzhou in Jiangsu province. With this
railway, it is the world's longest and makes up 60% of the world's total
high speed railway lines. Up to2020, the total length of high-speed railways
with a speed over 200 kilometers per hour will be 50, 000 kilometers.
Besides length, China also does well in speed. China is
the only country with trains running at 350km an hour such as the
Beijing-Tianjin and Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railways. If you want to travel
from Xi'an to Chengdu by train, it will take about 16 hours. But from November,
2017, the new Xi'an-Chengdu high-speed railway will shorten this travel time to
three hours
With these surprising numbers, it's easy to forget that
China wasn't an early starter in the high-speed rail game. Japan started half a
century ago, while Germany did 20 years ago. China only began to build its
high-speed railways 14 years ago.
Behind the fast development of China's high-speed railways，there is the country's
growing need for transportation. China's high-speed trains gave 951 million trips
to people last year. It was three times more than 2010. China is among the top runners
of high-speed railway technology, with a leading edge in some fields.
"The high-speed railways not only bridge the distance, but also connect people, information and products. It greatly develops the economy in different areas, peoples lives and tourism, "said Huang Xin, an official from the China Railway Company.
Yet, China's building of high-speed railways is still going
on. The National Development and Reform Commission said in July that China
plans to have 38, 000kmof high-speed railways by 2025.
5．The underlined word "it" refers to ________ in Paragraph 2.
A．the high-speed railway from Zhengzhou to Xuzhou
B．the length of China's high-speed railways
C．the speed of China's high-speed railways
D．Beijing-shanghai high-speed railway
6．How many trips did China's high-speed trains give to people in 2010
A．About 2883 million B．About 961 million
C．About 320 million. D．About 240 million
7．________ started to build high-speed railways earliest in the word.
A．China B．Japan C．England D．Germany
8．What does Huang Xin mean according to Paragraph 6
A．China's high-speed railways improve people's life a lot.
B．The future of China's high-speed railways
C．The speed of China's high-speed railways
D．China's high-speed railways shorten the distance of different areas
【答案】5．B
6．C
7．B
8．A
【知识点】社会现象类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文讲述了中国高铁的发展情况，以及高铁给人们的生活带来的影响。
【点评】考查阅读理解，词汇量稍大，长句也较多，有细节题和推断题，注意根据文章细节信息进行作答，同时注意选项的理解和对比。
5．句意：下划线的“it”一词指第二段中的什么？根据划线代词的上下文With this railway，it is the world's longest and makes up 60% of the world's total high speed railway lines，可知it指的就是中国高铁的长度，故选B。
6．句意：2010年，中国的高铁为人们提供了多少次出行？根据文中China's high-speed trains gave 951 million trips to people last year. It was three times more than 2010，可知去年中国高铁给人们提供了9.51亿人次，是2010年的三倍，所以2010年高铁给人们提供了3.17亿次，故选C。
7．句意：世界上最早开始修建高速铁路的国家。根据Japan started half a century ago, while Germany did 20 years ago. China only began to build its high-speed railways 14 years ago，可知日本在一个世纪之前就开始修建高铁，德国是在20年前，而中国是在14年前才开始，因此最早修建高铁的是日本，A 中国，B 日本，C 英格兰，D 德国，故选B。
8．句意：根据第6段，黄鑫说的意思是什么？根据文中黄鑫所说的话"The high-speed railways not only bridge the distance, but also connect people, information and products. It greatly develops the economy in different areas, peoples lives and tourism, "said Huang Xin，可知他认为高铁不仅连接了距离，而且连接了人们、信息和产品，极大地发展了不同地区的经济、人们的生活和旅游业，从他的话中可以看出，高铁提高了人们的生活，故选A。
（2020七下·深圳月考）阅读理解
In the 19th century, trains were the best way to travel long distances(距离) over land. Trains were fast and convenient. In the 20th century, airplanes replaced trains for long-distance travel. Today, however, high-speed trains are attracting(吸引) passengers again.
France has a train called the TGV. TGV is "Train a Grande Vitesse" in French, which means "high-speed train". A TGV train operates(运行) at speed up to 300 km/h. The passengers can travel from Paris to Marseilles in only four hours. The first country to have a high-speed train is Japan. The Bullet train offers a fast, smooth ride between Tokyo and other major cities in Japan. This train operates at speed up to 210 km/h and can travel between Tokyo and Osaka in just three hours.
China has the world's longest high-speed rail network with over 19,369.8 km of track (轨道) in service from December, 2014. China's high-speed rail system also includes the world's longest line, the 2,298 km Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway. China's high-speed trains are marked with "CRH"(China's railway high-speed). They are also called Hexie Hao. The fastest trainsets, CRH380BL, reached the highest test speed of 487.3 km/h.
9．The first country to have a high-speed train is________.
A．China B．Japan C．France D．America
10．Which is the world's longest high-speed railway line
A．The line from Beijing to Shanghai.
B．The line from Paris to Marseilles.
C．The line from Beijing to Guangzhou.
D．The line from Tokyo to Osaka.
11．What was the highest test speed of GRH380BL
A．210km/h.
B．Over double the speed of the Japanese Bullet train.
C．300km/h.
D．More than double the speed of the French TGV trai.
12．What's the main idea of this passage
A．The development of the French TGV train.
B．The history of the Japanese Bullet train.
C．The tests of the Chinese CRH380BL trainsets.
D．The introduction of high-speed trains.
【答案】9．B
10．C
11．B
12．D
【知识点】说明文；中国铁路建设
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要向我们介绍法国、日本和中国的高铁。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词句，在文中找到相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段 The first country to have a high-speed train is Japan. 可知，第一个拥有高速列车的国家是日本。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段 China's high-speed rail system also includes the world's longest line, the 2,298 km Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway. 可知，中国的高铁系统还包括世界上最长的线路，2298公里的京广高铁。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据第四段The fastest trainsets,CRH380BL, reached the highest test speed of 487.3km/h.最快的动车组CRH380BL达到最高试验速度487.3公里/小时。以及第三段This train operates at speed up to 210 km/h and can travel between Tokyo and Osaka in just three hours这列火车的时速高达210公里，在东京和大阪之间行驶仅需3小时。可知，CRH380BL速度为Bullet train的两倍多，故选B。
12．主旨大意题。本篇文章主要向我们介绍法国、日本和中国的高铁，故选D。
（2021·永州）阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案。
China's unbelievable high-speed rail network At the beginning of the 21st century China had no high-speed railways. Slow, crowded and often uncomfortable trains ran across this vast country, with low average speeds making journeys such as Shanghai-Beijing a test of travel. Today, it's a completely different picture. With 37,900 kilometers of lines, linking all of its major big cities. China has the world's largest work of high-speed railways. Half of that total has been completed in the last five years alone, with a further 3,700 kilometers due to open in the coming months of 2021. The network is expected to double in length again, to 70,000 kilometers, by 2035.
13．How were the trains in China at the beginning of the 21st century
A．Fast. B．Comfortable. C．Crowded.
14．How many kilometers of lines are due to open in the coming months of 2021
A．3,700. B．37,900. C．70,000.
【答案】13．C
14．C
【知识点】说明文；中国铁路建设
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了中国令人难以置信的高铁。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解文章大意，然后分析问题和选项，从文中找到依据，最后得出正确答案。
13．细节理解题。根据文中第一段 At the beginning of the 21st century China had no high-speed railways. Slow, crowded and often uncomfortable trains ran across this vast country, 21世纪初，中国还没有高速铁路。缓慢、拥挤、常常让人不舒服的火车穿过这个辽阔的国家，可知，21世纪初，中国的火车很拥挤，故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据文中第二段 The network is expected to double in length again, to 70,000 kilometers, by 2035. 可知预计到2035年，该网络的长度将再翻一番，达到7万公里。故选C。
15．（2020·丽水模拟）阅读理解
The construction (建设)
of high-speed railways in China began with the building of the Qinhuangdao-
Shenyang High-Speed Railway (HSR) in 1999. Now the high-speed rail network in China
is the largest in the world. So far, there have been about 1,700 kilometers of
HSR in service, along with trains of an average (平均)
speed of 220 km/h.
Now Chinese government plans to spend $300
million building the largest and fastest HSR system in the world by 2020. It's
said that the trains can run 400 km/h and create new business for China and
other countries through the Belt and Road (一带一路).
It's predicted that the HSR network in China
will reach 30,000 kilometers and it will be like a grid, which is mainly made
up of 8 long-distance high-speed rail lines: four north-south HSR lines and
four east-west HSR lines. Except for the Qingdao-Taiyuan HSR, all HSR lines of
the rail grid are longer than 1,000 kilometers.
Feng Hao, an expert, says "Many markets
along the Belt and Road, especially in Central Asia, Southeast Asia, the Middle
East and Eastern European countries, are planning to build HSR lines. They look
forward to getting technological support from China".
（1）_______________ is the first HSR line in China.
A．The Qinhuangdao-Shenyang HSR B．The Qingdao-Taiyuan HSR
C．The Beijing-Shanghai HSR D．The Qinhuangdao-Shanghai HSR
（2）By 2020, the trains run _______________ km/h faster than before.
A．400 B．300 C．220 D．180
（3）What does the expert Feng Hao say
A．Our country supports other countries in money.
B．Many markets are not planning to build HSR lines.
C．Our country plans to spend $300 million building HSR system.
D．Other countries want to get technological support from our country in HSR.
（4）Which of the following is mentioned
A．The first builders of HSR. B．The speed of HSR.
C．The building materials of HSR. D．The ticket price of HSR.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】新闻报道类；议论文；“一带一路”；中国铁路建设
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍的是中国高速铁路的过往与发展，并且着重介绍了我国为实行一带一路政策，准备于2020年前铺设世界最大，对高速的铁路网。
（1） 细节理解题。根据文中语句The construction（建设）of high-speed railways in China began with the building of the Qinhuangdao-Shenyang High-Speed Railway（HSR）in 1999．可见，中国的第一系高連铁路线是青岛至沈阳的这条高速铁路，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句So far，there have been about 1700 kilometers of HSR in service，along with trains of an average（平均）speed of 220 km/h以及It's said that the trains can run 400km/h可见，未来的火车比起现在，速度将会提升180千米每小时，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句Many markets along the Belt and Road，especially in Central Asia，Southeast Asia，the Middle East and Eastern European countries，are planning to build HSR lines．They look forward to getting technological support from China，可见冯浩说过，许多国家正在期待着中国的技术支持，故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据文中语句So far，there have been about 1700 kilometers of HSR in service，along with trains of an average（平均）speedof 220 km/h以及It's said that the trains can run 400 km/h可见，文中提及到了高速铁路的速度，而其他三个选项中，不论是高速铁路的首创者，材料以及票价，都没有提及，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。
（2022九上·余杭月考）阅读下列短文，从题中所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
China now has more than 30, 000 kilometers of high speed track, and this is expected to increase to 38,000 kilometers by 2025. Fully two thirds of the world's high speed rail(by length) is in China. Here, we track the exciting technological developments in high speed rail and consider their cultural influence.
While the main advantage of the high speed rail lines is convenience for people to get from one city to another as quickly as possible, some of these high speed lines have become popular tourist attractions(景点). A good example of this is the Hefei-Fuzhou high speed line. Technically speaking, this was one of the most challenging high speed rail routes ever built; nearly 90% of the track was laid either on bridges or in tunnels(隧道). However, the amazing views are worth it, as the train goes through some of China's most beautiful mountainous areas, including the Huangshan and the Wuyi Mountain Ranges.
As China has gained skills and knowledge in high speed rail, it is trying to export (出口) its technology to other countries. Its first project on the international market was the line connecting
Istanbul with Turkey's capital, Ankara, 530 kilometers away. This was followed by projects among other countries. Perhaps its most challenging project is a Trans Asian network connecting China with Europe. Although it is difficult, China will make every effort to take on this plan. It is hoped to be completed by 2030 as a part of China's Belt and Road Initiative (中国“一带一路”倡议).
Thanks to high speed rail, the travel time between main cities in China has already been reduced to only a few hours. So this convenience should improve the development within and out of China. No doubt, it will also bring the people of the country closer together, and in time bring about deep social changes.
16．What is the purpose of the example of the Hefei-Fuzhou line in Paragraph 2
A．To prove how fast the high speed lines can be.
B．To stress how convenient the high speed lines are.
C．To show the development of the high speed lines.
D．To explain high speed lines can be tourist attractions.
17．What is the most challenging project that China plans to set up
A．Inventing faster trains.
B．Connecting China with Europe.
C．Designing and building its own trains.
D．Connecting the whole country in 2030.
18．What advantage of the high speed rail is mentioned in the text
A．Improving the peace. B．Reducing the travel time.
C．Making tourism cheaper. D．Avoiding social changes.
19．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Racing to the Future B．Great Changes in China
C．Rising China in the World D．High Speed Rail in the World
【答案】16．D
17．B
18．B
19．A
【知识点】议论文；中国铁路建设
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了中国的高铁基本情况，以及未来要连接中国和欧洲的项目。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
16．推理判断题，根据句子While the main advantage of the high speed rail lines is convenience for people to get from one city to another as quickly as possible, some of these high speed lines have become popular tourist attractions(景点). 虽然高铁的主要优点是方便人们从一个城市到另一个城市，这些高铁线路中的一些已经成为受欢迎的旅游景点。可知举例子的目的是说明高铁线路可以成为旅游景点。故选D。
17．细节理解题，根据句子Perhaps its most challenging project is a Trans Asian network connecting China with Europe. 也许它最具挑战性的项目是连接中国和欧洲。可知最具挑战性的项目是连接中国和欧洲，故选B。
18．细节理解题，根据句子Thanks to high speed rail, the travel time between main cities in China has already been reduced to only a few hours. 可知多亏了高速铁路，中国主要城市之间的旅行时间已经缩短到只有几个小时。故选B。
19．主旨大意题，通读全文可知本文主要介绍了中国高铁的基本情况，以及未来要连接中国和欧洲的项目，根据句子No doubt, it will also bring the people of the country closer together, and in time bring about deep social changes. 毫无疑问，它也将使这个国家的人民更紧密地联系在一起，并最终带来深刻的社会变革。所以奔向未来更加合适，故选A。
20．（2018·深圳模拟）阅读下面短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
In the 19th century, trains were the best way to travel long distances over land. Trains were fast and convenient. In the 20th century, airplanes replaced trains for long-distance travel. Today, however, high-speed trains are attracting passengers again. France has a train called the TGV. TGV is "Train a Grande Vitesse" in French, which means "high-speed train". A TGV train operates at speed up to 300 km／h. The passengers can travel from Paris to Marseilles in only four hours.
The first country to have a high-speed train is Japan. The Bullet train offers a fast, smooth ride between Tokyo and other major cities in Japan. This train operates at speed up to 210 km／h and can travel between Tokyo and Osaka in just three hours.
China has the world's longest high-speed rail network with over 19,369.8 km of track (轨道) in service from December 2014. China's high-speed rail system also includes the world's longest line, the 2,298 km Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway. China's high-speed trains are marked with "CRH" (China's railway high-speed). They are also called Hexie Hao. The fastest trainsets, CRH380BL, reached the highest test speed of 487. 3 km／h.
（1）The underlined phrase "at speed" in Paragraph 2 means "_________".
A．fast B．late C．slowly D．deeply
（2）The first country to have a high-speed train is _________.
A．China B．Japan C．France D．America
（3）Which is the world's longest high-speed railway line
A．The line from Beijing to Shanghai.
B．The line from Paris to Marseilles.
C．The line from Tokyo to Osaka.
D．The line from Beijing to Guangzhou.
（4）The highest test speed of GRH380BL was _________.
A．210km／h
B．300km／h
C．over double the speed of the Japanese Bullet train
D．more than double the speed of the French TGV train
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】社会历史类；细节理解
【解析】【分析】主要讲了火车的发展史。
（1）推断题。根据后文The passengers can travel from Paris to Marseilles in only four hours.可知从Paris到Marseilles仅仅4个小时，可知它的速度快，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据 The first country to have a high-speed train is Japan.可知第一个拥有高铁的国家是日本，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据China's high-speed rail system also includes the world's longest line, the 2,298 km Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway.可知世界上最长的高铁线路是北京到广州的高铁线，故选D。
（4）推断题。根据This train operates at speed up to 210 km／h和 The fastest trainsets, CRH380BL, reached the highest test speed of 487. 3 km／h.可知日本Bullet train车速是210 km／h，CRH380BL车速是487. 3 km／h.，所以CRH380BL车速已经超过了Bullet train的2倍多，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息
21．（2020八上·东坡开学考）阅读理解
The high-speed train
will go through the city of Yibin soon. Here is a timetable.
A
High-speed Train Timetable
From To Train Number Start Arrive
Mianyang Yibin C6689 8:03 10:50
Yibin Chengdu C6662 8:42 10:19
Yibin Deyang C6664 13:18 15:20
Deyang Yibin C6665 15:38 17:40
Jiangyou Yibin C6311 17:36 20:34
Yibin Jiangyou C6666 18:31 21:40
Chengdu Yibin C6699 21:28 23:01
（1）The train is from Jiangyou to Yibin.
A．C6666 B．C6689 C．C6662 D．C6311
（2）It takes about from Yibin to Chengdu by high-speed train.
A．one and a half hours B．two hours
C．two and a half hours D．half an hour
（3）Which of the following is TRUE
A．There are five trains to Yibin.
B．The last train to Yibin arrives at 21:28.
C．You can take C6689 from Mianyang to Yibin at 8:03.
D．It is very far from Chengdu to Yibin.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
【知识点】日常生活类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一张列车的时刻表，介绍了列车的起点和终点，列车号，出发和到达时间及票价等信息。
（1）细节题。根据表格第五行中”C6311"可知，从江油到宜宾的列车号是C6311，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据表格中的第二行中Start是8：03，Arrive是10：19，从宜宾到成都要花费大约一个半小时。故选A。
（3）细节题。根据表格可知有四趟列车到达宜宾，所以A错误。最后一趟到达宜宾的列车是23：01，所以B错误。根据表格中第一行中的信息，可知你可以在8:03乘坐C6689 从绵阳到宜宾， C正确。 从成都到宜宾距离不远，所以D错误。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，仔细阅读表格，通读问题，本文涉及细节，注意从文中寻找答案，做出正确选择。
（2022八上·凤阳月考）阅读短文，回答问题
What kind of vehicle（交通工具） will you choose when travelling between provinces Many may say trains now, the high-speed-railways（高速铁路）have connected most places of China.
China's high-speed railways are over 20,000 km in length. It is the world's longest and makes up 60 percent of the world's total high-speed-railway lines.
Besides length, China also does well in speed. China is the only country with trains running at 350 km an hour, such as the Beijing-Tianjin and Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railways.
With these surprising numbers, it's easy to forget that China wasn't an early starter in the high-speed rail game. Japan started half a century ago, while Germany did 20 years ago. China only began to build its high-speed railways 14 years ago.
China's high-speed-railways play an important role in many aspects（方面）."The high-speed railways not only bridge different places, but also connect people, information and goods. It greatly develops the economy（经济） in different areas, people's lives and tourism（旅游业）, said Huang Xin, an official from the China Railway Corp.
Yet, China's building of high-speed railways is still going on. The National Developmen and Reform Commission said in July that China plans to have 38,000 km of high-speed railways by 2025.
22．China is the only country with trains running at ______ an hour.
A．300 km B．350 km C．400 km D．450 km
23．What does the underlined word "bridge" mean in Chinese
A．建桥 B．改造 C．连接 D．成立
24．What's the passage mainly about
A．The history of China's high-speed railways.
B．The speed of China's high-speed railways.
C．The length of China's high-speed railways.
D．The development of China's high-speed railways.
【答案】22．B
23．C
24．D
【知识点】新闻报道类；说明文；中国铁路建设
【解析】【分析】大意：文章介绍了中国高铁的发展。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段China is the only country with trains running at 350 km an hour, such as the Beijing-Tianjin and Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railways. 可知，中国是唯一一个拥有时速350公里列车的国家，如京津和京沪高速铁路。故选B。
23．词义猜测题。根据but also connect people, information and goods.而且还连接人、信息和商品，可知高速铁路不仅连接不同的地方，bridge意为“连接”。故选C。
24．主旨大意题。根据第一段Many may say trains now, the high-speed-railways（高速铁路）have connected most places of China. 很多人可能会说，现在，高速铁路已经连接了中国的大部分地区，可知文章是围绕中国高铁的发展来进行论述了。故选D。
（2023八下·普宁月考）阅读理解。
The four great inventions (发明): paper-making, printing, gunpowder and compass were great in old China. And now China is changing the world with its "new four great inventions": high-speed railways, e-payment, shared bikes and online shopping.
High-speed railways: You can go to most of the cities much faster than before. For example, it took you 8 hours to travel from Taiyuan to Beijing before, but now you can arrive in Beijing 5 hours earlier than before. By the end of 2016, there were 2, 595 high-speed trains running across China
E-payment: With Alipay, or Zhifubao, you can pay (支付) online in China. You can pay almost anywhere in your daily life by using your smart phones. You needn't carry any cash (现金). But you can't pay for things more than ￥20, 000 like a big house.
Shared bikes: Worried about how to get to school Now you can ride a bike on the street just by using your smart phones. If there is a traffic restriction, going on a bike is a good choice. It makes your bodies strong and healthy.
Online shopping: With China's online shopping services, life is getting easier for people who like to stay at home. It's easy to order food on an app. And the food arrives quickly. People can also buy clothes, books and electric products and things for daily use online cheaply.
25．It takes you about______ hours to get to Beijing from Taiyuan now.
A．three B．eight C．five D．nine
26．We can't use Alipay to pay for_______.
A．a magazine B．a big house C．a movie ticket D．a lunch
27．We can use______ to pay for riding the shared bikes.
A．ID cards B．cash C．smart phones D．food
28．Which is TRUE according to the passage
A．Shared bikes can't be used when there is a traffic restriction.
B．People don't buy things in shops now.
C．Ordering food on an app is difficult.
D．People can buy things online at good prices.
29．We can find the passage in ______.
A．a story book B．a newspaper C．a map D．a poste
【答案】25．A
26．B
27．C
28．D
29．B
【知识点】新闻报道类；说明文；中国铁路建设
【解析】【分析】大意：文章介绍了中国"新的四大发明"：高铁、E支付、共享单车和网购。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及细节题、推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段For example, it took you 8 hours to travel from Taiyuan to Beijing before, but now you can arrive in Beijing 5 hours earlier than before. 例如，以前从太原到北京需要8个小时，但现在你可以比以前提前5个小时到达北京，可知只需要三小时。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段But you can't pay for things more than ￥20, 000 like a big house. 但你不能为超过2万元的东西买单，比如一栋大房子，可知不能支付大房子。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据第四段 Now you can ride a bike on the street just by using your smart phones. 可知，现在你只需使用智能手机就可以在街上骑自行车了。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据最后一段People can also buy clothes, books and electric products and things for daily use online cheaply. 人们还可以在网上廉价购买衣服、书籍、电器产品和日常用品，可知人们可以在网上以很好的价格买到东西。故选D。
29．推理判断题。通读全文，可知文章介绍了中国"新的四大发明"：高铁、E支付、共享单车和网购，可知文章应是来源于报纸。故选B。
1 / 1备战2023年中考英语阅读话题训练 专题10 高铁的建立与发展
一、阅读理解
（2022九上·江都月考）阅读短文，回答问题
Hello, I'm Rob. Welcome to our programme. Today
we're talking about high-speed train travel. Many countries have very fast
trains that transport people from city to city in super-quick time. Yes,
high-speed train travel is becoming popular. Well, we'll be finding out why the
UK is hoping to do something that is already popular by building a new
high-speed rail line.
We know that high-speed train travel has many
good things. It helps to take traffic off the road, it causes less pollution,
it can move lots of people and it's quick. Yes, speed is important. Now, the
TGV train in France takes about three hours to travel over 750 kilometres from
Paris to Marseille in the south - very impressive.
But the UK has been slow to build high-speed
rail lines. It has one from London to Paris, but the Transport Secretary,
Patrick McLoughlin, thinks one line is not good enough. People can go from
London to Paris on high-speed trains, but can't go from London to Birmingham.
That means you can get to Paris by train more quickly than you can travel to
many British cities. The government wants to build another one — called HS2 —
connecting London to the middle and north of England.
But not everyone agrees to the plan and there is
much discussion. Some say it will be very expensive to build, although some
experts（专家）say for every 1 pound spent, it will bring 2
pounds back. There are also worries that some of the countrysides will be
destroyed. It could be a long time before a final decision is made. So now
we'll just have to accept that our trains in the UK will carry on at an
unhurried speed while we watch with envy as another country's high-speed train
passes us by!
Thank you. We hope you've enjoyed today's
programme.
1．What is the type of the programme
A．A news review. B．A drama series.
C．A chat show. D．A weekly round-up.
2．Why does Rob mention the TGV train in paragraph 2
A．To explain how it works. B．To show how fast it travels.
C．To report how far it goes. D．To prove how famous it is.
3．What can we infer from the article about the high-speed train travel in the UK
A．It is slow. B．It is expensive.
C．It falls behind. D．It becomes popular.
4．What does the host think of building a new rail line in the UK
A．It will be completed soon. B．It is not a good idea.
C．It destroys the environment. D．It may take a long time.
（2021八上·康巴什月考）阅读理解
How will you go traveling between provinces Many people
may like traveling by train because it's safer and cheaper. Now the high-speed
railways connect eastern and western China as well as the south and the north.
A new high-speed railway opened on September 10. 2017. It
connects Zhengzhou in Henan province with Xuzhou in Jiangsu province. With this
railway, it is the world's longest and makes up 60% of the world's total
high speed railway lines. Up to2020, the total length of high-speed railways
with a speed over 200 kilometers per hour will be 50, 000 kilometers.
Besides length, China also does well in speed. China is
the only country with trains running at 350km an hour such as the
Beijing-Tianjin and Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railways. If you want to travel
from Xi'an to Chengdu by train, it will take about 16 hours. But from November,
2017, the new Xi'an-Chengdu high-speed railway will shorten this travel time to
three hours
With these surprising numbers, it's easy to forget that
China wasn't an early starter in the high-speed rail game. Japan started half a
century ago, while Germany did 20 years ago. China only began to build its
high-speed railways 14 years ago.
Behind the fast development of China's high-speed railways，there is the country's
growing need for transportation. China's high-speed trains gave 951 million trips
to people last year. It was three times more than 2010. China is among the top runners
of high-speed railway technology, with a leading edge in some fields.
"The high-speed railways not only bridge the distance, but also connect people, information and products. It greatly develops the economy in different areas, peoples lives and tourism, "said Huang Xin, an official from the China Railway Company.
Yet, China's building of high-speed railways is still going
on. The National Development and Reform Commission said in July that China
plans to have 38, 000kmof high-speed railways by 2025.
5．The underlined word "it" refers to ________ in Paragraph 2.
A．the high-speed railway from Zhengzhou to Xuzhou
B．the length of China's high-speed railways
C．the speed of China's high-speed railways
D．Beijing-shanghai high-speed railway
6．How many trips did China's high-speed trains give to people in 2010
A．About 2883 million B．About 961 million
C．About 320 million. D．About 240 million
7．________ started to build high-speed railways earliest in the word.
A．China B．Japan C．England D．Germany
8．What does Huang Xin mean according to Paragraph 6
A．China's high-speed railways improve people's life a lot.
B．The future of China's high-speed railways
C．The speed of China's high-speed railways
D．China's high-speed railways shorten the distance of different areas
（2020七下·深圳月考）阅读理解
In the 19th century, trains were the best way to travel long distances(距离) over land. Trains were fast and convenient. In the 20th century, airplanes replaced trains for long-distance travel. Today, however, high-speed trains are attracting(吸引) passengers again.
France has a train called the TGV. TGV is "Train a Grande Vitesse" in French, which means "high-speed train". A TGV train operates(运行) at speed up to 300 km/h. The passengers can travel from Paris to Marseilles in only four hours. The first country to have a high-speed train is Japan. The Bullet train offers a fast, smooth ride between Tokyo and other major cities in Japan. This train operates at speed up to 210 km/h and can travel between Tokyo and Osaka in just three hours.
China has the world's longest high-speed rail network with over 19,369.8 km of track (轨道) in service from December, 2014. China's high-speed rail system also includes the world's longest line, the 2,298 km Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway. China's high-speed trains are marked with "CRH"(China's railway high-speed). They are also called Hexie Hao. The fastest trainsets, CRH380BL, reached the highest test speed of 487.3 km/h.
9．The first country to have a high-speed train is________.
A．China B．Japan C．France D．America
10．Which is the world's longest high-speed railway line
A．The line from Beijing to Shanghai.
B．The line from Paris to Marseilles.
C．The line from Beijing to Guangzhou.
D．The line from Tokyo to Osaka.
11．What was the highest test speed of GRH380BL
A．210km/h.
B．Over double the speed of the Japanese Bullet train.
C．300km/h.
D．More than double the speed of the French TGV trai.
12．What's the main idea of this passage
A．The development of the French TGV train.
B．The history of the Japanese Bullet train.
C．The tests of the Chinese CRH380BL trainsets.
D．The introduction of high-speed trains.
（2021·永州）阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案。
China's unbelievable high-speed rail network At the beginning of the 21st century China had no high-speed railways. Slow, crowded and often uncomfortable trains ran across this vast country, with low average speeds making journeys such as Shanghai-Beijing a test of travel. Today, it's a completely different picture. With 37,900 kilometers of lines, linking all of its major big cities. China has the world's largest work of high-speed railways. Half of that total has been completed in the last five years alone, with a further 3,700 kilometers due to open in the coming months of 2021. The network is expected to double in length again, to 70,000 kilometers, by 2035.
13．How were the trains in China at the beginning of the 21st century
A．Fast. B．Comfortable. C．Crowded.
14．How many kilometers of lines are due to open in the coming months of 2021
A．3,700. B．37,900. C．70,000.
15．（2020·丽水模拟）阅读理解
The construction (建设)
of high-speed railways in China began with the building of the Qinhuangdao-
Shenyang High-Speed Railway (HSR) in 1999. Now the high-speed rail network in China
is the largest in the world. So far, there have been about 1,700 kilometers of
HSR in service, along with trains of an average (平均)
speed of 220 km/h.
Now Chinese government plans to spend $300
million building the largest and fastest HSR system in the world by 2020. It's
said that the trains can run 400 km/h and create new business for China and
other countries through the Belt and Road (一带一路).
It's predicted that the HSR network in China
will reach 30,000 kilometers and it will be like a grid, which is mainly made
up of 8 long-distance high-speed rail lines: four north-south HSR lines and
four east-west HSR lines. Except for the Qingdao-Taiyuan HSR, all HSR lines of
the rail grid are longer than 1,000 kilometers.
Feng Hao, an expert, says "Many markets
along the Belt and Road, especially in Central Asia, Southeast Asia, the Middle
East and Eastern European countries, are planning to build HSR lines. They look
forward to getting technological support from China".
（1）_______________ is the first HSR line in China.
A．The Qinhuangdao-Shenyang HSR B．The Qingdao-Taiyuan HSR
C．The Beijing-Shanghai HSR D．The Qinhuangdao-Shanghai HSR
（2）By 2020, the trains run _______________ km/h faster than before.
A．400 B．300 C．220 D．180
（3）What does the expert Feng Hao say
A．Our country supports other countries in money.
B．Many markets are not planning to build HSR lines.
C．Our country plans to spend $300 million building HSR system.
D．Other countries want to get technological support from our country in HSR.
（4）Which of the following is mentioned
A．The first builders of HSR. B．The speed of HSR.
C．The building materials of HSR. D．The ticket price of HSR.
（2022九上·余杭月考）阅读下列短文，从题中所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
China now has more than 30, 000 kilometers of high speed track, and this is expected to increase to 38,000 kilometers by 2025. Fully two thirds of the world's high speed rail(by length) is in China. Here, we track the exciting technological developments in high speed rail and consider their cultural influence.
While the main advantage of the high speed rail lines is convenience for people to get from one city to another as quickly as possible, some of these high speed lines have become popular tourist attractions(景点). A good example of this is the Hefei-Fuzhou high speed line. Technically speaking, this was one of the most challenging high speed rail routes ever built; nearly 90% of the track was laid either on bridges or in tunnels(隧道). However, the amazing views are worth it, as the train goes through some of China's most beautiful mountainous areas, including the Huangshan and the Wuyi Mountain Ranges.
As China has gained skills and knowledge in high speed rail, it is trying to export (出口) its technology to other countries. Its first project on the international market was the line connecting
Istanbul with Turkey's capital, Ankara, 530 kilometers away. This was followed by projects among other countries. Perhaps its most challenging project is a Trans Asian network connecting China with Europe. Although it is difficult, China will make every effort to take on this plan. It is hoped to be completed by 2030 as a part of China's Belt and Road Initiative (中国“一带一路”倡议).
Thanks to high speed rail, the travel time between main cities in China has already been reduced to only a few hours. So this convenience should improve the development within and out of China. No doubt, it will also bring the people of the country closer together, and in time bring about deep social changes.
16．What is the purpose of the example of the Hefei-Fuzhou line in Paragraph 2
A．To prove how fast the high speed lines can be.
B．To stress how convenient the high speed lines are.
C．To show the development of the high speed lines.
D．To explain high speed lines can be tourist attractions.
17．What is the most challenging project that China plans to set up
A．Inventing faster trains.
B．Connecting China with Europe.
C．Designing and building its own trains.
D．Connecting the whole country in 2030.
18．What advantage of the high speed rail is mentioned in the text
A．Improving the peace. B．Reducing the travel time.
C．Making tourism cheaper. D．Avoiding social changes.
19．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Racing to the Future B．Great Changes in China
C．Rising China in the World D．High Speed Rail in the World
20．（2018·深圳模拟）阅读下面短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
In the 19th century, trains were the best way to travel long distances over land. Trains were fast and convenient. In the 20th century, airplanes replaced trains for long-distance travel. Today, however, high-speed trains are attracting passengers again. France has a train called the TGV. TGV is "Train a Grande Vitesse" in French, which means "high-speed train". A TGV train operates at speed up to 300 km／h. The passengers can travel from Paris to Marseilles in only four hours.
The first country to have a high-speed train is Japan. The Bullet train offers a fast, smooth ride between Tokyo and other major cities in Japan. This train operates at speed up to 210 km／h and can travel between Tokyo and Osaka in just three hours.
China has the world's longest high-speed rail network with over 19,369.8 km of track (轨道) in service from December 2014. China's high-speed rail system also includes the world's longest line, the 2,298 km Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway. China's high-speed trains are marked with "CRH" (China's railway high-speed). They are also called Hexie Hao. The fastest trainsets, CRH380BL, reached the highest test speed of 487. 3 km／h.
（1）The underlined phrase "at speed" in Paragraph 2 means "_________".
A．fast B．late C．slowly D．deeply
（2）The first country to have a high-speed train is _________.
A．China B．Japan C．France D．America
（3）Which is the world's longest high-speed railway line
A．The line from Beijing to Shanghai.
B．The line from Paris to Marseilles.
C．The line from Tokyo to Osaka.
D．The line from Beijing to Guangzhou.
（4）The highest test speed of GRH380BL was _________.
A．210km／h
B．300km／h
C．over double the speed of the Japanese Bullet train
D．more than double the speed of the French TGV train
21．（2020八上·东坡开学考）阅读理解
The high-speed train
will go through the city of Yibin soon. Here is a timetable.
A
High-speed Train Timetable
From To Train Number Start Arrive
Mianyang Yibin C6689 8:03 10:50
Yibin Chengdu C6662 8:42 10:19
Yibin Deyang C6664 13:18 15:20
Deyang Yibin C6665 15:38 17:40
Jiangyou Yibin C6311 17:36 20:34
Yibin Jiangyou C6666 18:31 21:40
Chengdu Yibin C6699 21:28 23:01
（1）The train is from Jiangyou to Yibin.
A．C6666 B．C6689 C．C6662 D．C6311
（2）It takes about from Yibin to Chengdu by high-speed train.
A．one and a half hours B．two hours
C．two and a half hours D．half an hour
（3）Which of the following is TRUE
A．There are five trains to Yibin.
B．The last train to Yibin arrives at 21:28.
C．You can take C6689 from Mianyang to Yibin at 8:03.
D．It is very far from Chengdu to Yibin.
（2022八上·凤阳月考）阅读短文，回答问题
What kind of vehicle（交通工具） will you choose when travelling between provinces Many may say trains now, the high-speed-railways（高速铁路）have connected most places of China.
China's high-speed railways are over 20,000 km in length. It is the world's longest and makes up 60 percent of the world's total high-speed-railway lines.
Besides length, China also does well in speed. China is the only country with trains running at 350 km an hour, such as the Beijing-Tianjin and Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railways.
With these surprising numbers, it's easy to forget that China wasn't an early starter in the high-speed rail game. Japan started half a century ago, while Germany did 20 years ago. China only began to build its high-speed railways 14 years ago.
China's high-speed-railways play an important role in many aspects（方面）."The high-speed railways not only bridge different places, but also connect people, information and goods. It greatly develops the economy（经济） in different areas, people's lives and tourism（旅游业）, said Huang Xin, an official from the China Railway Corp.
Yet, China's building of high-speed railways is still going on. The National Developmen and Reform Commission said in July that China plans to have 38,000 km of high-speed railways by 2025.
22．China is the only country with trains running at ______ an hour.
A．300 km B．350 km C．400 km D．450 km
23．What does the underlined word "bridge" mean in Chinese
A．建桥 B．改造 C．连接 D．成立
24．What's the passage mainly about
A．The history of China's high-speed railways.
B．The speed of China's high-speed railways.
C．The length of China's high-speed railways.
D．The development of China's high-speed railways.
（2023八下·普宁月考）阅读理解。
The four great inventions (发明): paper-making, printing, gunpowder and compass were great in old China. And now China is changing the world with its "new four great inventions": high-speed railways, e-payment, shared bikes and online shopping.
High-speed railways: You can go to most of the cities much faster than before. For example, it took you 8 hours to travel from Taiyuan to Beijing before, but now you can arrive in Beijing 5 hours earlier than before. By the end of 2016, there were 2, 595 high-speed trains running across China
E-payment: With Alipay, or Zhifubao, you can pay (支付) online in China. You can pay almost anywhere in your daily life by using your smart phones. You needn't carry any cash (现金). But you can't pay for things more than ￥20, 000 like a big house.
Shared bikes: Worried about how to get to school Now you can ride a bike on the street just by using your smart phones. If there is a traffic restriction, going on a bike is a good choice. It makes your bodies strong and healthy.
Online shopping: With China's online shopping services, life is getting easier for people who like to stay at home. It's easy to order food on an app. And the food arrives quickly. People can also buy clothes, books and electric products and things for daily use online cheaply.
25．It takes you about______ hours to get to Beijing from Taiyuan now.
A．three B．eight C．five D．nine
26．We can't use Alipay to pay for_______.
A．a magazine B．a big house C．a movie ticket D．a lunch
27．We can use______ to pay for riding the shared bikes.
A．ID cards B．cash C．smart phones D．food
28．Which is TRUE according to the passage
A．Shared bikes can't be used when there is a traffic restriction.
B．People don't buy things in shops now.
C．Ordering food on an app is difficult.
D．People can buy things online at good prices.
29．We can find the passage in ______.
A．a story book B．a newspaper C．a map D．a poste
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．C
4．D
【知识点】社会活动类；记叙文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文分析了高铁的优势，介绍了英国的高铁线计划以及不同人对这个计划的看法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要涉及细节理解题和推理判断题，细节理解题需要从原文找答案，推理判断题需要联系上下文推断出需要的信息。
1．推理判断题。根据“Today we're talking about high-speed train travel. ”今天我们讨论的是高速火车旅行，“ Well, we'll be finding out why the UK is hoping to do something that is already popular by building a new high-speed rail line.”我们将会知道为什么英国希望通过建造一条新的高速铁路线来做一些已经很受欢迎的事情。以及“But not everyone agrees to the plan and there is much discussion. ”但不是每个人都同意这个计划，而且有很多讨论，从这些信息中可以推断出这是一篇新闻评论，故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据“it's quick. Yes, speed is important. Now, the TGV train in France takes about three hours to travel over 750 kilometres from Paris to Marseille in the south - very impressive. ”它很快。是的，速度很重要。现在，法国的 TGV 列车从巴黎到南部的马赛需要大约三个小时，行程超过750公里——令人印象深刻。所给例子进一步形象的说明了高速火车速度快，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“ the UK has been slow to build high-speed rail lines”可知英国在建设高铁方面是落后的，故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“It could be a long time before a final decision is made. ”可知在最后下决定之前还有很长一段时间，由此推断出作者的看法是在英国修建一条新的铁路需要很长时间，故选D。
【答案】5．B
6．C
7．B
8．A
【知识点】社会现象类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文讲述了中国高铁的发展情况，以及高铁给人们的生活带来的影响。
【点评】考查阅读理解，词汇量稍大，长句也较多，有细节题和推断题，注意根据文章细节信息进行作答，同时注意选项的理解和对比。
5．句意：下划线的“it”一词指第二段中的什么？根据划线代词的上下文With this railway，it is the world's longest and makes up 60% of the world's total high speed railway lines，可知it指的就是中国高铁的长度，故选B。
6．句意：2010年，中国的高铁为人们提供了多少次出行？根据文中China's high-speed trains gave 951 million trips to people last year. It was three times more than 2010，可知去年中国高铁给人们提供了9.51亿人次，是2010年的三倍，所以2010年高铁给人们提供了3.17亿次，故选C。
7．句意：世界上最早开始修建高速铁路的国家。根据Japan started half a century ago, while Germany did 20 years ago. China only began to build its high-speed railways 14 years ago，可知日本在一个世纪之前就开始修建高铁，德国是在20年前，而中国是在14年前才开始，因此最早修建高铁的是日本，A 中国，B 日本，C 英格兰，D 德国，故选B。
8．句意：根据第6段，黄鑫说的意思是什么？根据文中黄鑫所说的话"The high-speed railways not only bridge the distance, but also connect people, information and products. It greatly develops the economy in different areas, peoples lives and tourism, "said Huang Xin，可知他认为高铁不仅连接了距离，而且连接了人们、信息和产品，极大地发展了不同地区的经济、人们的生活和旅游业，从他的话中可以看出，高铁提高了人们的生活，故选A。
【答案】9．B
10．C
11．B
12．D
【知识点】说明文；中国铁路建设
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要向我们介绍法国、日本和中国的高铁。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词句，在文中找到相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段 The first country to have a high-speed train is Japan. 可知，第一个拥有高速列车的国家是日本。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段 China's high-speed rail system also includes the world's longest line, the 2,298 km Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway. 可知，中国的高铁系统还包括世界上最长的线路，2298公里的京广高铁。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据第四段The fastest trainsets,CRH380BL, reached the highest test speed of 487.3km/h.最快的动车组CRH380BL达到最高试验速度487.3公里/小时。以及第三段This train operates at speed up to 210 km/h and can travel between Tokyo and Osaka in just three hours这列火车的时速高达210公里，在东京和大阪之间行驶仅需3小时。可知，CRH380BL速度为Bullet train的两倍多，故选B。
12．主旨大意题。本篇文章主要向我们介绍法国、日本和中国的高铁，故选D。
【答案】13．C
14．C
【知识点】说明文；中国铁路建设
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了中国令人难以置信的高铁。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解文章大意，然后分析问题和选项，从文中找到依据，最后得出正确答案。
13．细节理解题。根据文中第一段 At the beginning of the 21st century China had no high-speed railways. Slow, crowded and often uncomfortable trains ran across this vast country, 21世纪初，中国还没有高速铁路。缓慢、拥挤、常常让人不舒服的火车穿过这个辽阔的国家，可知，21世纪初，中国的火车很拥挤，故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据文中第二段 The network is expected to double in length again, to 70,000 kilometers, by 2035. 可知预计到2035年，该网络的长度将再翻一番，达到7万公里。故选C。
15．【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】新闻报道类；议论文；“一带一路”；中国铁路建设
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍的是中国高速铁路的过往与发展，并且着重介绍了我国为实行一带一路政策，准备于2020年前铺设世界最大，对高速的铁路网。
（1） 细节理解题。根据文中语句The construction（建设）of high-speed railways in China began with the building of the Qinhuangdao-Shenyang High-Speed Railway（HSR）in 1999．可见，中国的第一系高連铁路线是青岛至沈阳的这条高速铁路，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句So far，there have been about 1700 kilometers of HSR in service，along with trains of an average（平均）speed of 220 km/h以及It's said that the trains can run 400km/h可见，未来的火车比起现在，速度将会提升180千米每小时，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句Many markets along the Belt and Road，especially in Central Asia，Southeast Asia，the Middle East and Eastern European countries，are planning to build HSR lines．They look forward to getting technological support from China，可见冯浩说过，许多国家正在期待着中国的技术支持，故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据文中语句So far，there have been about 1700 kilometers of HSR in service，along with trains of an average（平均）speedof 220 km/h以及It's said that the trains can run 400 km/h可见，文中提及到了高速铁路的速度，而其他三个选项中，不论是高速铁路的首创者，材料以及票价，都没有提及，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。
【答案】16．D
17．B
18．B
19．A
【知识点】议论文；中国铁路建设
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了中国的高铁基本情况，以及未来要连接中国和欧洲的项目。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
16．推理判断题，根据句子While the main advantage of the high speed rail lines is convenience for people to get from one city to another as quickly as possible, some of these high speed lines have become popular tourist attractions(景点). 虽然高铁的主要优点是方便人们从一个城市到另一个城市，这些高铁线路中的一些已经成为受欢迎的旅游景点。可知举例子的目的是说明高铁线路可以成为旅游景点。故选D。
17．细节理解题，根据句子Perhaps its most challenging project is a Trans Asian network connecting China with Europe. 也许它最具挑战性的项目是连接中国和欧洲。可知最具挑战性的项目是连接中国和欧洲，故选B。
18．细节理解题，根据句子Thanks to high speed rail, the travel time between main cities in China has already been reduced to only a few hours. 可知多亏了高速铁路，中国主要城市之间的旅行时间已经缩短到只有几个小时。故选B。
19．主旨大意题，通读全文可知本文主要介绍了中国高铁的基本情况，以及未来要连接中国和欧洲的项目，根据句子No doubt, it will also bring the people of the country closer together, and in time bring about deep social changes. 毫无疑问，它也将使这个国家的人民更紧密地联系在一起，并最终带来深刻的社会变革。所以奔向未来更加合适，故选A。
20．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】社会历史类；细节理解
【解析】【分析】主要讲了火车的发展史。
（1）推断题。根据后文The passengers can travel from Paris to Marseilles in only four hours.可知从Paris到Marseilles仅仅4个小时，可知它的速度快，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据 The first country to have a high-speed train is Japan.可知第一个拥有高铁的国家是日本，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据China's high-speed rail system also includes the world's longest line, the 2,298 km Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway.可知世界上最长的高铁线路是北京到广州的高铁线，故选D。
（4）推断题。根据This train operates at speed up to 210 km／h和 The fastest trainsets, CRH380BL, reached the highest test speed of 487. 3 km／h.可知日本Bullet train车速是210 km／h，CRH380BL车速是487. 3 km／h.，所以CRH380BL车速已经超过了Bullet train的2倍多，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息
21．【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
【知识点】日常生活类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一张列车的时刻表，介绍了列车的起点和终点，列车号，出发和到达时间及票价等信息。
（1）细节题。根据表格第五行中”C6311"可知，从江油到宜宾的列车号是C6311，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据表格中的第二行中Start是8：03，Arrive是10：19，从宜宾到成都要花费大约一个半小时。故选A。
（3）细节题。根据表格可知有四趟列车到达宜宾，所以A错误。最后一趟到达宜宾的列车是23：01，所以B错误。根据表格中第一行中的信息，可知你可以在8:03乘坐C6689 从绵阳到宜宾， C正确。 从成都到宜宾距离不远，所以D错误。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，仔细阅读表格，通读问题，本文涉及细节，注意从文中寻找答案，做出正确选择。
【答案】22．B
23．C
24．D
【知识点】新闻报道类；说明文；中国铁路建设
【解析】【分析】大意：文章介绍了中国高铁的发展。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段China is the only country with trains running at 350 km an hour, such as the Beijing-Tianjin and Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railways. 可知，中国是唯一一个拥有时速350公里列车的国家，如京津和京沪高速铁路。故选B。
23．词义猜测题。根据but also connect people, information and goods.而且还连接人、信息和商品，可知高速铁路不仅连接不同的地方，bridge意为“连接”。故选C。
24．主旨大意题。根据第一段Many may say trains now, the high-speed-railways（高速铁路）have connected most places of China. 很多人可能会说，现在，高速铁路已经连接了中国的大部分地区，可知文章是围绕中国高铁的发展来进行论述了。故选D。
【答案】25．A
26．B
27．C
28．D
29．B
【知识点】新闻报道类；说明文；中国铁路建设
【解析】【分析】大意：文章介绍了中国"新的四大发明"：高铁、E支付、共享单车和网购。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及细节题、推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段For example, it took you 8 hours to travel from Taiyuan to Beijing before, but now you can arrive in Beijing 5 hours earlier than before. 例如，以前从太原到北京需要8个小时，但现在你可以比以前提前5个小时到达北京，可知只需要三小时。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段But you can't pay for things more than ￥20, 000 like a big house. 但你不能为超过2万元的东西买单，比如一栋大房子，可知不能支付大房子。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据第四段 Now you can ride a bike on the street just by using your smart phones. 可知，现在你只需使用智能手机就可以在街上骑自行车了。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据最后一段People can also buy clothes, books and electric products and things for daily use online cheaply. 人们还可以在网上廉价购买衣服、书籍、电器产品和日常用品，可知人们可以在网上以很好的价格买到东西。故选D。
29．推理判断题。通读全文，可知文章介绍了中国"新的四大发明"：高铁、E支付、共享单车和网购，可知文章应是来源于报纸。故选B。
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