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(共46张PPT)
过去分词做定语、表语
Past Participle as the Attribute Past Participle as the
Attribute
1.terrified people 1.people terrified of (cholera)
2.reserved seats 2.seats reserved by...
3.polluted water 3.water polluted by…
4.a crowded room 4.a room crowded with people
5.a pleased winner 5.a winner pleased with…
6.astonished children 6.children astonished at/by…
7.a broken vase 7.a vase broken by…
8.a closed door 8.a door closed by…
9.the tired audience 9.the audience tired of…
10.a trapped animal 10.an animal trapped in/by…
单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的
前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰
词的后面,它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
The lost time can never be found again.
This is one of the schools built in 1980s.
过去分词作定语
位置
后置的过去分词短语可作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开, 相当于省略式的非限制性定语从句。
The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success.
(= which was attended by one
thousand students)
注意：
1)有些单个动词-ed形式习惯上往往
作后置定语，表示强调。 ①Money spent is more than money earned.
入不敷出。
②I am not satisfied with the job offered.
③You should finished it within the time
allowed.
④There are only 5 minutes left.
注意：
2)-ed形式修饰代词时，应置于代词
之后。
He is one of those invited.
3)有些过去分词作定语，前置和后
置的意义不同。
This is a used car.
The method used is very efficient.
不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表示
动作已完成，不表示被动意义；及物动
词的过去分词作定语表示被动意义或已
完成的被动动作。
只表完成，不表被动(vi.)
-ed作定语 表示被动(vt.)
表示被动和完成(vt.)
过去分词作定语
意义
1、单个的及物动词过去分词作定语时一般兼有
被动和完成的意义，常作前置定语。
e.g. a used stamp 一枚用过的邮票
an injured finger 一个受伤的手指
a broken coin 一枚破损的硬币
a lighted candle 一支点燃的蜡烛
注意：及物动词的过去分词作定语时，有时只有
被动意义。
e.g.：spoken English 英语口语
written exercises 书面练习
少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去
分词只有完成的意义,不表被动。
fallen leaves 落叶
the risen sun 升起来的太阳
the advanced/developed countries 发达国家
a drunken man 一个醉鬼
a returned student 一名留学生
a retired teacher 一名退休教师
an escaped prisoner 一名逃跑的囚犯
by-gone days 过去的岁月
2、及物动词的过去分词短语作后置定语，表
示被动和／或完成意义。
①How I regretted the hours wasted in the woods!
我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊
②I like wearing clothes made of this kind of cloth．
我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。
③The books written by Lu Xun are popular．
鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。
④We’11 go to visit the bridge built hundreds of
years ago．
我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。
untold suffering
newly laid eggs
deep-set eyes
unfinished work
kind-hearted people
cold-blooded animals
a blue-eyed girl
short-sighted students
a white-haired woman
a three-legged table
a fifteen-storeyed building
特殊的动词-ed形式作定语
说不尽的痛苦
刚下的鸡蛋
深陷的眼睛
没完成的工作
热心肠的人
冷血动物
蓝眼睛的姑娘
近视眼的学生
一位白发妇女
三条腿的桌子
十五层的大楼
现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别
The boy killing the dog is her brother.
The boy killed by the man is her brother.
现在分词、过去分词和不定式做定语，有何区别呢？
1. Will you attend the meeting ________
on Saturday
A. held B. being held
C. to be held D. hold
2. The woman ____a lesson is our teacher.
A. giving B. given
C. to give D. give
区别 1
还没发生的动作
正在发生的动作，表主动
A. first played B. to be first played
C. first playing D. to be first playing
解析
①过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。
②现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。
③不定式作定语：表示将要发生的动作。
The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B.C. did not
include women players until 1912.
区别 1
Falling leaves
Fallen leaves
区别 2
Falling leaves
Fallen leaves
Disappointing news
Disappointed people
Exciting stories
Excited people
Tired people
A tiring film
正在飘的落叶
已经落在地上的落叶
令人失望的消息
感到失望的人们
激动人心的故事
(感到)激动的人们
累了的人
(使人觉得)无聊的电影
区别 2
changed condition
changing condition
developed countries
developing countries
the risen sun
the rising sun
boiled water
boiling water
改变了的情况
变化着的情况
发达国家
发展中国家
升起了的太阳
正在升起的太阳
开水
正沸腾的水
to be done/being done/having been done
与done的区别
The school to be built is intended for the disabled children.
The school being built is intended for the disabled children.
The school built last year is intended for the disabled children.
The school, having been built for two years, is intended for the disabled children.
(表将来)
(表进行)
(表连续)
(表完成)
位于系动词后，不表示“被动”或“完成”，
而表示主语的状态或情绪，相当于形容词。
1.They are excited.
2.He looked worried after reading the
letter.
3.When we heard of this, we were
deeply moved.
过去分词作表语
1. He got ______________ about losing the money.
2. The painter looked so _____ after
working for a whole day.
upset
tired
3. I was ___________ with the film I saw
last night. I had expected it to be better.
disappointed
4. Everybody was _________________
to hear the death of the famous film
star.
5. Everybody is really _______ about the new Olympic stadiums.
6. His wound became _______ with a new virus.
shocked/ depressed
excited
infected
系动词的分类：
“似乎类”：
“感觉类”：
“变成类”：
“仍然类”：
基本形式：
be( am, is, are)
seem, appear, look
feel, sound, smell, taste
become, go, get, grow, fall,
turn, come, lie, prove,
stand, sit
remain, stay, keep
What he said was __________ (encourage).
We were ______________ (encourage )at what he said.
The football game is very ________(bore).
We were _______(bore) at the football game.
V-ing 与V-ed 作表语的区别
encouraging
encouraged
boring
bored
V-ing 形式表示“令人……的”
V-ed 形式表示“某人感到……的”
同一动词的－ed形式与－ing形式作表语时的区别。
动词-ed形式作表语，主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态，含有被动的意思，而动词-ing形式作表语多表示主语具有的特征，含有主动的意思。
①They were frightened to hear the frightening sound.
②At the sight of the moving scene, all the people present were moved.
surprising, surprised;
exciting, excited;
interesting, interested;
astonishing, astonished;
encouraging, encouraged;
disappointing, disappointed;
satisfying, satisfied;
inspiring, inspired;
pleasing, pleased;
tiring, tired;
boring, bored.
注意：表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested,
surprised, excited, frightened, shocked)和一些过去
分词(如dressed, drunk, devoted, lost, known)常用
作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动
意味。
① How did the audience receive the new play
They got very excited.
③ She was very disappointed to hear the result.
④ He’s quite experienced in teaching beginners.
② How did Bob do in the exams this time
Well, his father seems pleased with his results.
有些表示位置移动的不及物动词的-ed形式也可以做表语。
Spring is gone and summer
is come.
The sun is already set.
注意：
The library is closed.
The library is closed by the teacher.
V-ed作表语表主语的状态，
被动语态表示被动的动作。
“ 系动词+过去分词（系表结构）”和“系动词+ 过去分词（被动语态）”
状态（系表结构）
动作(被动语态）
区别
My glasses are broken.
My glasses were broken by my little brother.
状态
动作
1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。
2.被动语态的过去分词被动意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。
be prepared to do
be interested in doing/sth
be worried about
be dressed in sth
be concerned about
be absorbed in doing/sth
be lost in doing sth
be devoted to doing sth
be buried in doing sth
准备好做某事
对…感兴趣（习惯）
担心…
穿着…
关心…
专注于…
全神贯注于…
献身于…
埋头于…
短语积累
C
解析
该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to pay sb. by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded, get married,
get dressed, get changed, get lost等.
Cleaning women in big cities usually get ________by the hour.
A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay
Tsinghua University, _____ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
A. found B. founding
C. founded D. to be founded
2. Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ______ from the library.
to borrow B. to be borrowed
C. borrowed D. borrowing
Ladies and gentlemen, please remain______ until the plane has come to a complete stop.
seated B. seating C. to seat D. seat
4. I’m calling to enquire about the position ______ in yesterday’s China Daily.
A. advertised B. to be advertised
C. advertising D. having advertised
5. A great number of students ______ said they were forced to practice the piano.
to question B. to be questioned
C. questioned D. questioning
6. The players _____ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
selecting B. to select
C. selected D. having selected
7. The prize of the game show is $ 30,000 and all expenses ______ vacation to China.
paying B. paid
C. to be paid D. being paid
8. Tom sounds very much ______ in the job, but I’m not sure whether he can manage it.
Interested B. interesting
C. Interestingly D. interestedly
9. If you are not satisfied with the price _____, we can still discuss it.
A. being offered B. to offer
C. offering D. offered
10. Don’t use words, expressions or phrases _____ only to people with specific knowledge .
being known B. having been known
C. known D. to be known
11. The children were all ______ after they heard the ______ news that they would be sent to Australia as international exchange students.
inspired; inspiring B. inspired; inspired
C. inspiring; inspired D. inspiring; inspiring
12. The _____ glass cup was _____ by John.
breaking; broken B. breaking; breaking
broken; broken D. broken; breaking
In April, thousands of holidaysmakers remain _____ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
sticking B. stuck
C. to be suck D. to have stuck.
C
What he has done is really ____. Now his parents are _____ him.
A. disappointed; disappointed at
B. disappointing; disappointed about
C. disappointing; disappointed with
D. disappointed; disappointing by
As is known to us all, traveling is____, but we often feel_____ when we are back from travels.
A. interesting; tired B. interested; tiring.
C. interesting; tiring D. interested; tired
2. Hearing the___ news, we all felt____
A. encouraging; encouraging
B. encouraged; encouraged
C. encouraged; encouraging
D. encouraging; encouraged
3. From the dates___ on the gold coin, it is confirmed that it was made five hundred years ago.
A. marking B. marked
C. to be marked D. having been marked
Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ______ as 3M.
A. knowing B. known
C. being known D. to be known
高考链接
B
解析：答案B。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，3M与know之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动。
2. The disc, digitally ________ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded B. recording
C. to be recorded D. having recorded
高考链接
A
解析：答案A。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，disc与record之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示。
3. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases _______ only to people with specific knowledge.
A. being known B. having been known
C. to be known D. known
高考链接
D
解析：答案D。know与words，expressions，phrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。
4. The flowers _______ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. to smell B. smelling
C. smelt D. to be smelt
高考链接
B
解析：答案B。此处为现在分词作定语，修饰flowers。smell为系动词，不能用于被动语态，相当于which/that smells sweet。
用以下单词的正确形式填空：
worry, interest, arrive, frighten, continue, concern
1. I’ll be__________ to hear what he has to say.
2.The mayor said that he was ________ about the ________ rise of the water level in the river bed.
3.Recently ________ soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood.
4.Most of the newspaper seems to be ___________ with pop stars.
5.He was _________ of going alone into the empty house.
interested
worried
continued
arrived
concerned
frightened

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