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重庆市永川区
2020-2022年中考英语一诊试题分类汇编
阅读理解
2022年重庆市永川区中考一诊英语试卷
八、阅读单选
Travel Information
Places of interest
Olympic Stadium Disneyland Potala Palace Oriental Pearl TV Tower Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum
Location (位置) Beijing Shanghai Lhasa Shanghai Nanjing
Phone number 0l0-28135589 021-60640076 0891-68268834 021-58791888 025-84431174
Price of the ticket 50 370 100 180 free
Feature Special design Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck 999 rooms 468 meters high Mausoleum (陵墓) of Sun Zhongshan
41．If you want to visit Disneyland, you should call ________ to get information.A．0l0-28135589 B．021-60640076 C．0891-68268834 D．025-84431174
42．One traveler would like to visit Potala Palace, and the traveler need to pay _______ according to the information above.
A． 100 B． 200 C． 360 D． 740
43．If we want to visit the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, we must go to ________.
A．Beijing B．Lhasa C．Shanghai D．Nanjing
Mike and Dave are walking through the woods one day when they find a big, deep hole.
Mike takes a look at it and says, “Wow! That looks deep.”
“It sure does,” says Dave. “Let’s drop some pebbles (卵石) in the hole. We can count until we hear the pebbles hit the bottom.”
They throw some pebbles and wait. There’s no sound.
Mike says, “Wow! That is really deep. Let’s throw some great big rocks down there. Those should make a noise.”
So they pick up a few soccer-sized rocks and throw them into the hole. Again, they hear nothing.
They look at each other in amazement. Mike sees a big log (木头). He gets an idea. “Help me carry that log,” he says.
The two of them drag the heavy log over to the hole and drop it in. Still, no sound.
Suddenly, out of the woods, a goat (山羊) shows up, running like the wind. It rushes toward the two men, and then right past them. Suddenly it leaps (跳跃) into the air and down the hole.
Mike and Dave look at each other. “What just happened ” asks Dave.
Before Mike can answer, a farmer comes out of the woods. “Hey, have you guys seen my goat ”
Mike says, “You bet we did! Craziest thing I ever saw. It came running like crazy and jumped into that hole!”
“Nah,” says the farmer. “That couldn’t have been my goat. My goat was chained (被链条拴住) to a big log.”
44．Mike thinks the hole looks ________.
A．light B．deep C．round D．small
45．What didn’t Mike and Dave drop in the hole
A．Some pebbles. B．A big log. C．Some great big rocks. D．The soccer.
46．The goat ________.
A．was not the farmer’s B．was chained to a big log.
C．was Mike and Dave’s D．liked the hole
47．What do you think of the goat
A．Kind. B．Fool. C．Clever. D．Childlike (无辜).
You may find that all mountains look blue from a distance (远处)! Why is that
Sunshine is a mix of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. Each color has a different wavelength (波长). Blue has one of the shortest wavelengths.
Earth’s atmosphere (大气层) is full of tiny air molecules (分子). When light hits them, it gets scattered (散射) around. Light with shorter wavelength bounces like a ping-pong ball until it reaches our eyes. Blue light, which is about half the wavelength of red light, is scattered almost 10 times as strongly as red light. So blue is the main color of the atmosphere.
More distance from a mountain means more atmosphere. Eventually, the mountain disappears into the sky as we only see blue light. The same thing happens with tall buildings, too.
48．How many colors are mixed in the sunshine
A．5. B．6. C．7. D．8.
49．________ is the main color of the atmosphere.
A．Blue B．Orange C．Red D．Yellow
50．In paragraph 3, what does the underlined word “times” mean
A．时间 B．次数 C．倍数 D．速度
51．Where can you read the passage
A．In a novel. B．In a story. C．In a magazine. D．In an advertisement.
Every time you eat seafood, you get red spots (红点) on your body. And every spring and fall, your friend gets a runny nose when you play in the garden. What’s going on Well, you and your friend may have allergies (过敏).
An allergy is a reaction from your immune system (免疫系统). The immune system keeps you away from diseases by fighting germs (细菌). But when you have allergies, it overreacts (过度反应) and tries to fight against things like grass, pollen (花粉) or some foods. This makes your body feel uncomfortable.
Allergies are common around the world. According to the WHO, about 20 percent of the world’s population suffers from allergies.
Food allergies are one of the most common allergies. Many children can be allergic to food like milk, eggs and peanuts. If you are allergic to certain foods, you may get red spots, an upset stomach or even have difficulty breathing. So far, people haven’t found any good ways to stop food allergies. Just do not eat those foods as much as possible.
Seasonal allergies happen in most parts of the world. When spring comes, pollen is everywhere in the air. And some people begin to sneeze, itch (发痒) or get a runny nose. When it’s pollen season, try to stay indoors. Pollen is usually at its peak (高峰) during mid-morning, early evening and windy days.
Some people are also allergic to pets, certain chemicals (化学物质) and medicine. A small number of people have allergies to rubber (橡胶), red meat or even water!
So how do you know if you are allergic to something Skin tests are the most widely used way. Doctors take a drop of different things that may cause allergies and put it on your skin. Then, they wait to see if your skin around the drop becomes red. Once you know what you are allergic to, the best thing to do is to try and stay away from those things.
52．If you are food allergies, which one may not its symptom (症状)
A．You may get red spots. B．You may get an upset stomach.
C．You may even have difficulty breathing. D．You can find good ways to stop them.
53．Pollen is usually at its peak during ________.
A．early morning B．late evening C．windy days D．rainy days
54．About allergies, which of the following is wrong
A．When you have allergies, our brain overreacts and tries to fight against things.
B．Allergies make our body feel uncomfortable.
C．About 20 percent of the world’s population suffers from allergies, according to the WHO.
D．Food allergies are one of the most common allergies.
55．If you are allergic, the best thing to do is ________.
A．to have blood tests B．to stay away from the things you may have allergies
C．to eat nothing D．to try to stay outdoors
①In recent times, the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠肺炎疫情) has destroyed the age-old habit of shaking hands. It is most widely used as a greeting, but when did shaking hands become the standard greeting
②The handshake dates all the way back to the 9th century BC．King Shalmanesar III ruled over Assyria, an empire (帝国) of the ancient Middle East. Archaeologists (考古学家) found a throne base (王座底座) from that time. It shows two people holding hands. In the 5th century BC, in Greece, this was a symbol of peace, showing that neither person carried a weapon. The handshake also makes an appearance in Homer’s ancient poem, the Iliad (荷马史诗). In it, two characters “shook each other’s hands”.
③However, these handshakes were not used as greetings. The earliest reference to a handshake greeting is in 16th century novels by French writer Francois Rabelais, says Dutch sociologist Herman Roodenburg.
④Even so, the most widely-accepted theory about the handshake’s origin is that it survived through a group called the Quakers, who worked to equality and peace. As the movement spread, so did the handshake, eventually becoming standard among the working class in the mid-1700s.
⑤However, this was not the case everywhere, according to Roodenburg. Some French people described it as a vulgar (平民) English greeting, so many kept “la bise”, the traditional peck (轻吻) on two cheeks, which was widely used until the COVID-19 outbreak. In many countries, people have started touching elbows or ankles (脚踝) to greet each other instead of shaking hands, as this is believed to be safer.
56．In the 9th century BC, what happened
A．Greek people thought the handshake was a symbol of peace.
B．The handshake was first considered as a way to greet each other.
C．A throne base found by archaeologists shows two persons holding hands.
D．The handshake became standard among the working class.
57．In many countries, what do people think of the handshakes when the COVID-19 appeared
A．Closer. B．Unsafer. C．More convenient. D．Easier.
58．What’s the passage talking about
A．The history of handshakes. B．The COVID-19 pandemic.
C．How to shake hands. D．The ways of greeting.
59．The structure of the passage may be ________.
( ①=Para.1 ②=Para.2 ③=Para.3 ④=Para.4 ⑤=Para.5 )
A．①②; ③④; ⑤ B．①; ②③; ④⑤ C．①; ②③④; ⑤ D．①②; ③; ④⑤
2021年重庆市永川区中考一诊英语试卷
七、阅读单选
Mike is a student in Class One, Grade Eight. He is 1.50 meters tall, but he is over 70 kg. He thinks he is too fat. He wants to get thinner. Here is his plan for it.
Food Never eat fries or chocolate. Just have two apples for lunch. Eat less meat. Eat fish only once two weeks. Have some rice and vegetables for supper. Exercise Go to school on foot every day. Run for an hour every morning on the playground. Swim in the gym once a week. Play football or basketball for half an hour after school every day. Go mountain climbing once two weeks.
41．Mike wants to get ________.A．taller B．fatter C．thinner D．shorter
42．Mike has ________ for lunch.
A．two apples B．some meat C．some vegetables D．some rice
43．How does Mike go to school every day
A．By bus. B．By subway. C．On foot. D．By car.
A long time ago, in a small house in Scotland, two friends lived together. Their names were John and Bobby.
John and Bobby were not rich, but they were happy. They had a warm fire when it was cold outside. They had good food to eat when they were hungry. They were never lonely because they had each other.
John and Bobby liked to take long walks together. After their walk, John usually cooked dinner. John and Bobby ate dinner and then sat in front of the fire. They had a simple but good life.
Then, in the spring of 1858, John got sick and died. He was buried in a cemetery (墓地) in Edinburgh, Scotland. After John was buried, Bobby stood at John’s grave (坟墓) and cried. “Come on, Bobby,” friends said. “It’s time to go home.” Bobby went home, but he returned to the cemetery the next day, and the next day, and the next. For the next 14 years, Bobby never left the cemetery. When the weather was cold or rainy, he slept in a small house at the cemetery. When the weather was warm, he slept on the ground near John’s grave.
Finally, in 1872, Bobby died, too. Friends buried him in a little grave near John. Why was Bobby’s grave small Bobby, John’s friend, was a dog.
44．John and Bobby are ________.
A．rich B．lonely C．in Scotland D．in a big house
45．How long did Bobby live without his friend John
A．For 4 years. B．For 10 years. C．For 12 years. D．For 14 years.
46．After John died, Bobby didn’t go home because their feelings are ________.
A．bad B．terrible C．thin D．deep
47．Which of the following is right
A．In the auturnn of 1858, John got sick and died.
B．When Bobby died, friends buried him in a large grave.
C．John and Bobby were happy and had a good life.
D．Bobby was a person.
Many animals do strange things shortly before an earthquake. What they do may be important because earthquakes kill people and knock down buildings. And the actions of the animals may help to save lives.
Some animals make a lot of noises before an earthquake. Farmers have told stories about this. Dogs that are usually quiet have started to howl. Once a farmer kept tiny pet frogs. One Sunday, the frogs jumped around more than usual and made loud noises, like bigger frogs. That night, an earthquake struck the country.
The animals can also do different things before an earthquake. Horses on farms have run around in circles. Mice have left their holes and run away. And cows have given less milk. Cats raced down the street in a group only a few hours before an earthquake hit.
People would really like to know when an earthquake is coming, because knowing this would allow them to get to a safe place. Right now, there is no sure way to know in advance when an earthquake will happen. Maybe the best idea is to watch the animals.
48．In the last paragraph, in advance means ________.
A．ahead of time B．on time C．later D．sooner or later
49．In the second paragraph, “this” refers to ________.
A．horses on farms run around in circles
B．animals may help to save our lives
C．earthquakes can kill people and destroy buildings
D．some animals make a lot of noises before an earthquake
50．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．People and an earthquake.
B．Animals can predict an earthquake by jumping around.
C．Animals can predict an earthquake by doing strange things.
D．Earthquakes killed people and knock down buildings.
51．How many kinds of animals are mentioned in the passage
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
People can travel around the world today, but to protect their citizens, governments usually list a few places where its people cannot go. These places are unfriendly countries and countries at war, so travelers might not be safe in them. Such countries are not listed in a small book called a “passport”.
A passport is a government’s request for the safety of its traveling citizens. To receive a passport from the government. a person must prove he is a citizen. People cannot go overseas without a passport. Many years ago, only certain countries which share a border（边界）such as America, Canada and Mexico do not require passports.
Pasted inside the passport is the traveler’s photo. Children traveling with their parents are included in one parent’s book.
Hundreds of thousands of people all over the world visit other countries every year. Travelers usually carry plane tickets, money, clothing, and other things, but the most important thing a traveler carries in another country is a passport.
52．People can travel ________.
A．to unfriendly counties B．only to Canada and Mexico
C．almost anywhere D．only to close countries
53．The passage does not say, but it makes you think that ________.
A．children cannot travel overseas B．a traveler is not safe in most countries
C．people travel a lot today D．the most important thing a traveler carries is money
54．Why does the government require people to hold their passports when they travel to the other countries
A．For saving money. B．For the convenience. C．For fun. D．For the safety.
55．What’s the title of this passage
A．Children’s Passports. B．The Kinds of Passports.
C．A Passport and Governments. D．A Passport to Travel.
①At the age of 16, Julia left school and worked at a restaurant. For many years, she was only interested in making money. Then one day she had a serious car accident which changed her life. “I had a terrible car accident in August 1996. It took me 10 months to recover(康复) from the accident. During that time, I realized I wanted to find a more meaningful reason for being here in this world,” said Julia.
②As soon as she recovered, Julia gave up working at the restaurant and traveled to California. One day she found a big company wanted to cut down part of a forest. In the forest there were lots of redwood trees. One of the trees was more than 1,000 years old.
③The company decided to protect the tree Julia lived in. They agreed never to cut down the big redwood tree or the trees around it. When Julia put her feet on the earth, she began to cry. But she continued to do other things to protect the environment.
④Julia lived in the tree for over two years without ever going down. It was cold and wet in a redwood tree. There were even very serious winter storms while Julia was in the tree.
⑤Julia learned a group called Our Earth was trying to save the redwood forest from the company. They decided to find someone to live in a redwood tree and hoped this would stop the company from cutting the trees down. Julia volunteered.
56．For many years, Julia was only interested in ________ when she worked at a restaurant.
A．travelling B．being a volunteer C．making money D．protecting the environment
57．Julia lived in the tree for over ________ without ever going down.
A．10 months B．one year C．two years D．five years
58．According to the passage, we can infer that ________.
A．Julia gave up working at the restaurant and traveled to California.
B．the life in the tree for Julia was comfortable and enjoyable.
C．after Julia recovered, she went back to work at the restaurant at once.
D．Julia understood there were more meaningful things to do from her experiences.
59．Which of the following is the best order
(Para.(自然段)1=①, Para.(自然段)2=②, Para.(自然段)3=③, Para.(自然段)4=④, Para.(自然段)5=⑤.
A．①②⑤④③ B．②①③⑤④ C．①②⑤③④ D．②①③④⑤
2020年重庆市永川区中考一诊英语试卷
三、阅读单选
Bob is a student. He is very busy. In the morning, he gets up at six o’ clock. Then he runs at six fifteen. At six thirty, he takes a shower. He has breakfast at seven o’clock. He goes to school at seven thirty. In the afternoon, he plays games with his friends at seven. Then he does his homework at eight o’clock. He goes to bed at nine.
21．____________ , Bob gets up at six.
A．In the afternoon B．In the evening C．In the morning D．At noon
22．He goes to school____________.
A．at 7:00 B．at 6:30 C．at 8:00 D．at 7:30
23．He plays games with____________ at seven.
A．his friends B．his parents C．his sister D．his brother
John Flynn was born in Australia in 1880. His father was a schoolteacher. John studied hard and in 1911 he left the city of Melbourne and went to work in South Australia for the Presbyterian Church. The church wanted to help the sheep farmers who lived in the outback many kilometers from towns and cities. They built a number of small hospitals and found nurses to work there, but at that time there were only two doctors in all of South Australia.
One story Flynn often told was about Jimmy Darcy. One day, Jimmy had an accident on his farm so friends took him to see F.W. Tuckett, who worked at the post office at Halls Creek. It was a journey of 22 km. Tuckett was the only person in the area who knew anything about medicine. He tried to help but Jimmy was too ill. Tuckett finally talked by radio to a doctor in Perth, a city 1, 500 km away. The doctor took ten days to arrive. He travelled by car, by horse and on foot and when he arrived, Jimmy was dead. Flynn saw the planes could really help people in the outback. He wrote about his idea for a “Flying Doctor” in 1917, but it wasn’t until 1928 that a flying doctor actually took off. By the 1930s there was a Flying Doctor plane in every part of Australia.
24．The underlined word “outback” means" a_________ place.
A．popular B．lonely C．beautiful D．wonderful
25．What was the problem in South Australia
A．The nurses weren’t very good. B．There were no hospitals.
C．There weren’t enough doctors. D．There were too many people.
26．What does Flynn tell us about Jimmy
A．He know something about medicine.
B．He was a doctor.
C．He had an accident.
D．He wrote the book Flying Doctor.
27．What do we know about the doctor from Perth
A．He travelled too slowly to save Jimmy.
B．He had problems with his car.
C．He didn’t know the way to Halls Creek.
D．He saved Jimmy’s life.
Infrared thermometers（红外温度计）, or temperature guns, have been widely used to detect（检测）the early symptoms of COVID-19. They allow us to measure（测量）temperatures quickly. How do these thermometers work
They determine temperature by measuring the energy coming from your skin （皮肤）. Everything in nature has molecules （分子） inside of it that are always moving around. This include our skin. The higher the temperature is, the faster the molecules move. The molecules give off infrared light while moving.
This kind of light can be focused or absorbed（吸收）. The thermometers use a lens（镜头）to focus infrared light from the skin onto a detector called a thermopile（热电堆）. The thermopile absorbs the infrared radiation and turns it into heat. The electronic sensors inside the thermometers can measure the heat and read the temperature of the skin after making some calculations （计算）.
However, you might sometimes find that the results aren’t always accurate （准确的）. It depend on how these devices are used. For example, how far away they are held from the body, how steadily they are held and for how long. Factors such as make-up and sweat will also affect the results.
28．Temperature guns, have been widely used to detect （检测）the early symptoms of____________.
A．COVID-17. B．COVID-18. C．COVID-19. D．COVID-20.
29．They determine temperature by measuring the energy coming from your____________.
A．skin B．head C．face D．foot
30．The electronic sensors inside the thermometers can measure the heat and read the____________ of the skin.
A．color B．temperature C．light D．structure
31．Which one of the following might not affect the accurate results
A．The thermometers is too far from the body.
B．The thermometers is held for very long.
C．Make-up and sweat.
D．The thermometer is held steadily at the right time.
Most bees are brown, hairy and 8 to 22 mm long. Bees live as part of a large family. Over 25,000 kinds of bees have been found. Among all of them, honey bees are the most common.
Honey bees always live in groups called hives（蜂群） Each hive has a queen, drones（雄蜂）and workers（工蜂）. Like a human society, each bee in a hive knows its own job.
The queen is the largest bee. She doesn’t go out to work, but lays eggs. Sometimes a queen can lay 3, 000 eggs in a day.
Drones do not collect food from flowers. They are the queen’s husbands. When there’s not much food, drones are often kicked out of the hive.
Workers are the smallest and busiest bees. A colony can have 50,000 to 60,000 workers. They collect food for the queen and babies. They guard the hive and help to keep it cool by fanning their wings. A worker only lives for 28 to 35 days.
To collect a pound of honey, a bee may have to fly a long way. Sometimes it is equivalent to（相当于） twice around the world. Bees have to visit more than 10,000 flowers to make a pound of honey.
32．______________ kinds of bees have been found.
A．Over 25, 000 B．Over 3,000 C．Less than 25,000 D．Less than 3,000
33．What does the queen do in a hive
A．Collects food. B．Collects honey. C．Visit’s flowers. D．Lays eggs.
34．What will happen to drones if there is not much food
A．They must collect flowers for themselves.
B．They are often kicked out of the hive.
C．They collect food for the queen and babies.
D．They will make honey.
35．Which of the following is right
A．A worker can lay 3,000 eggs in a day.
B．Workers are the largest and busiest bees.
C．Workers guard the hive and help to keep it cool by fanning their wings.
①Elephants are the biggest land animals alive today. We have worked with elephants for a long time, but there are still many misunderstandings about elephants.
②Some people think that elephants will run away if they see a mouse. This is untrue, in fact, elephants have such poor eyesight that they would not usually see a mouse, even if one came very near them.
③ “Elephants never forget.” is another fallacy（谬论）. No evidence suggests that elephants have better memories than any other animals.
④Finally, there is the myth（神话） that when the time comes for an elephant to die, it goes to some kind of elephant graveyard（墓地）, but no one has ever found such a graveyard. What elephants probably do when they are old and sick is finding a cave and staying in it, so they will be safe until they either get better or die.
⑤In Thailand, when the country was still called Siam, if someone found a white elephant, they gave it to the king because it was rare. The king had no choice but to keep the animal and feed it, even though it had no use for him. From this practice we get the expression, “a white elephant”, which means something that is not useful to us.
36．Elephants are not afraid of mice because mice______________.
A．are afraid of elephants B．never attack elephants
C．are too small for elephants to see D．never go into caves
37．According to the passage, which of the following sentence is right
A．Elephants are the biggest animals alive today.
B．An elephant’s memory is the worst.
C．In Thailand, if someone found a white elephant, they must look after it themselves.
D．In Siam, if someone found a white elephant, it was given to the king.
38．The passage is about______________.
A．white elephants B．myths of elephants
C．how elephants hurt people D．the history of elephants
39．If we put the passage into three parts, which of the following is the best
（Para（自然段）1=①, Para. 2=②, Para. 3=③, Para. 4=④, Para 5=⑤）
A．①②,③④,⑤ B．①;②③;④⑤
C．①;②③④;⑤ D．①②;③;④⑤
答案：
2022年重庆市永川区中考一诊英语试卷
41．B 42．A 43．D
【导语】本文介绍了一些风景名胜的位置、号码、门票价格和特色。
41．细节理解题。根据Disneyland一列中的“ 021-60640076”可知如果你想参观迪斯尼乐园，你应该打电话021-60640076获得信息。故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据Potala Palace一列中的“ 100”可知旅行者需要支付100元，故选A。
43．细节理解题。根据Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum一列中的“Nanjing”可知如果我们想参观中山陵，我们必须去南京，故选D。
44．B 45．D 46．B 47．D
【导语】本文讲述了Mike和Dave在散步时看到了一个很大的深洞，为了测量洞的深度他们尝试扔了一些东西到洞里，最后他们将一根大木头扔了进去，被拴在木头上的农民的一头山羊也被无辜地拖进洞里。
44．细节理解题。根据“Mike takes a look at it and says, ‘Wow! That looks deep.’”可知，迈克认为这个洞看起来很深。故选B。
45．推理判断题。根据“So they pick up a few soccer-sized rocks and throw them into the hole.”可知，他们扔了足球大小的石头进洞里，而不是扔了一个足球。故选D。
46．推理判断题。根据“The two of them drag the heavy log over to the hole and drop it in. Still, no sound.”和“That couldn’t have been my goat. My goat was chained (被链条拴住) to a big log.”可知，山羊被拴在一根大木头上。故选B。
47．推理判断题。根据“The two of them drag the heavy log over to the hole and drop it in.”和“That couldn’t have been my goat. My goat was chained (被链条拴住) to a big log.”可知，山羊是被木头拖进洞里的，所以它是无辜的。故选D。
48．C 49．A 50．C 51．C
【导语】本文介绍了大气对不同颜色的光散射强度不同，造成了我们看不同物体所形成的不同的颜色。
48．细节理解题。根据“Sunshine is a mix of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.”可知，阳光是由七色光组成的。故选C。
49．细节理解题。根据“So blue is the main color of the atmosphere.”可知，蓝色是大气的主要颜色。故选A。
50．词义猜测题。根据“Blue light, which is about half the wavelength of red light, is scattered almost 10 times as strongly as red light.”可知，蓝光波长约为红光的一半，其散射强度几乎是红光的10倍。这里的“time”表示“倍数”。故选C。
51．推理判断题。根据“Sunshine is a mix of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. Each color has a different wavelength (波长). Blue has one of the shortest wavelengths.”及全文的介绍可知，本文介绍了大气对不同颜色的光散射强度不同，造成了我们看不同物体所形成的不同的颜色。因此我们可以从杂志上看到这篇文章。故选C。
52．D 53．C 54．A 55．B
【导语】本文介绍了过敏的症状及产生的原因。
52．细节理解题。根据“If you are allergic to certain foods, you may get red spots, an upset stomach or even have difficulty breathing.”可知，选项D“你可以找到阻止他们的好方法。”不是过敏的症状。故选D。
53．细节理解题。根据“Pollen is usually at its peak (高峰) during mid-morning, early evening and windy days.”可知，花粉通常在大风天达到高峰。故选C。
54．细节理解题。根据“But when you have allergies, it overreacts (过度反应) and tries to fight against things like grass, pollen (花粉) or some foods.”可知，选项A“当你有过敏症时，我们的大脑会反应过度，并试图与之抗争。”与原文不符，因此表述错误。故选A。
55．细节理解题。根据“Once you know what you are allergic to, the best thing to do is to try and stay away from those things.”可知，如果你过敏，最好远离你可能过敏的东西。故选B。
56．C 57．B 58．A 59．C
【导语】本文介绍了握手这项古老习惯的起源。
56．细节理解题。根据“The handshake dates all the way back to the 9th century BC. King Shalmanesar III ruled over Assyria, an empire (帝国) of the ancient Middle East. Archaeologists (考古学家) found a throne base (王座底座) from that time. It shows two people holding hands.”可知，考古学家发现的一个王座底座显示两个人手拉手。故选C。
57．推理判断题。根据“In recent times, the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠肺炎疫情) has destroyed the age-old habit of shaking hands.”以及“In many countries, people have started touching elbows or ankles (脚踝) to greet each other instead of shaking hands, as this is believed to be safer.”可以推出，在许多国家，当冠状病毒疾病出现时，人们认为握手是不安全的。故选B。
58．主旨大意题。根据“It is most widely used as a greeting, but when did shaking hands become the standard greeting ”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了握手这项古老习惯的起源。故选A。
59．篇章结构题。根据“It is most widely used as a greeting, but when did shaking hands become the standard greeting ”可知，这段介绍握手何时成为标准问候语？②③④分别介绍了握手的发展历史；根据“However, this was not the case everywhere, according to Roodenburg.…In many countries, people have started touching elbows or ankles (脚踝) to greet each other instead of shaking hands, as this is believed to be safer.”可知，这段介绍了当冠状病毒疾病出现时，用什么来代替握手，属于总结。因此正确的结构是：①; ②③④; ⑤。故选C。
2021年重庆市永川区中考一诊英语试卷
41．C 42．A 43．C
【导语】本文从饮食和锻炼两方面介绍了Mike的减肥计划。
41．细节理解题。根据“He wants to get thinner”可知，他想变得更瘦一点，故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据“Just have two apples for lunch”可知，午餐吃两个苹果，故选A。
43．细节理解题。根据“Go to school on foot every day”可知，每天步行去上学，故选C。
44．C 45．D 46．D 47．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了John和Bobby之前深厚的感情，在John死后的14年里，Bobby从未离开过他的墓地，文章的最后才告诉我们Bobby原来是一条狗。
44．细节理解题。根据“A long time ago, in a small house in Scotland, two friends lived together. Their names were John and Bobby.”可知，John和Bobby是好朋友，住在苏格兰的一座小房子里。故选C。
45．细节理解题。根据“For the next 14 years, Bobby never left the cemetery.”可知，Bobby十四年从未离开过墓地，因此他14年没有和John一起生活。故选D。
46．推理判断题。根据“Bobby went home, but he returned to the cemetery the next day, and the next day, and the next. For the next 14 years, Bobby never left the cemetery.”可知，Bobby回家后又回到墓地，并且在接下来的14年也从未离开墓地，由此可见他们感情很深。故选D。
47．细节理解题。根据“John and Bobby were not rich, but they were happy. They had a warm fire when it was cold outside. They had good food to eat when they were hungry. They were never lonely because they had each other.”可知，John和Bobby虽然并不富有但是很开心，生活得很好。故选C。
48．A 49．D 50．C 51．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了在地震前一些动物的特征，人类还没有确定的方法可以提前知道地震什么时候会发生。也许最好的办法是去看动物。
48．词义猜测题。根据“Right now, there is no sure way to know in advance when an earthquake will happen”可知，目前还没有确定的方法可以提前知道地震什么时候会发生，in advance与ahead of time同义，故选A。
49．词义猜测题。根据“Some animals make a lot of noises before an earthquake. Farmers have told stories about this”可知，农民讲过有关一些动物在地震前发出一些噪音的故事，故选D。
50．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了在地震前一些动物的特征，动物可以通过做一些奇怪的事情来预测地震，故选C。
51．细节理解题。根据“dogs”、“frogs”、“horses”、“mice”、“cows”、“cats”可知，共提到了六种动物，故选D。
52．C 53．C 54．D 55．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了用于旅行的护照。
52．细节理解题。根据“People can travel around the world today, but to protect their citizens, governments usually list a few places where its people cannot go.”可知，人们现在可以去世界各地几乎任何一个地方旅行，但国家出于保护通常会列出一些公民不能去的地方。故选C。
53．细节理解题。根据“Hundreds of thousands of people all over the world visit other countries every year.”可知，如今的人们经常旅行，C选项正确；根据“Children traveling with their parents are included in one parent’s book.”可知，儿童也可以出国旅行，A选项“儿童不能出国旅行”错误；根据“governments usually list a few places where its people cannot go.”可知，对于旅行者并不安全的国家只是少数，B选项“在大多数国家，旅行者并不安全”错误；根据“… but the most important thing a traveler carries in another country is a passport.”可知，护照是出国旅游时需要携带的最重要的东西，D选项“旅行者携带的最重要的东西是钱”错误。故选C。
54．细节理解题。根据“A passport is a government’s request for the safety of its traveling citizens.”可知，政府要求携带护照是为了旅行公民安全的要求。故选D。
55．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍用于旅行的护照，D选项“旅行护照”是最佳标题。故选D。
56．C 57．C 58．D 59．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了Julia在经历车祸后决定过一个更有意义的人生，她发现有一个公司想要看法一片有红杉的森林，她自己在这棵红杉树上住了两年多，感受到各种天气的变化，最终这家公司决定保护Julia住的这棵树，从这以后Julia继续做一些保护环境的事情。
56．细节理解题。根据“For many years, she was only interested in making money”可知，她只对赚钱感兴趣，故选C。
57．细节理解题。根据“Julia lived in the tree for over two years without ever going down”可知，在树上住了两年多，从来没有下来过，故选C。
58．细节理解题。根据“During that time, I realized I wanted to find a more meaningful reason for being here in this world”以及“But she continued to do other things to protect the environment”可知，Julia明白，从她的经历来看，还有更有意义的事情要做，故选D。
59．推理判断题。根据“At the age of 16, Julia left school and worked at a restaurant”可知，第一段讲述的是16岁发生的事情，所以这是第一段，紧接着第二段应讲述车祸痊愈后，她开始做一些别的事情，②是第二段。根据第二段结尾“One of the trees was more than 1,000 years old”可知，发现了森林有一些红杉树，所以她决定保护这些稀有树木，⑤是第三段。根据第三段结尾“They decided to find someone to live in a redwood tree and hoped this would stop the company from cutting the trees down. Julia volunteered”可知，Julia志愿加入住在红杉树上的这个活动，她在上面住了两年多，④是第四段。接下来应描述看到Julia在这棵树上住了两年多，原本打算砍伐这片森林的公司放弃了这个计划，③是第五段，故选A。
2020年重庆市永川区中考一诊英语试卷
21．C 22．D 23．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述鲍勃的日常生活和时间安排。
21．细节理解题。根据“In the morning, he gets up at six o’ clock”可知鲍勃早上六点起床。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据 “He goes to school at seven thirty”他七点半去学校。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据“In the afternoon, he plays games with his friends at seven”他和朋友玩游戏。故选A。
24．B 25．C 26．C 27．A
【分析】本文讲述了约翰·弗林的故事。他1880年出生在澳大利亚。1911年他离开墨尔本，到南澳大利亚为长老会工作。教会想帮助住在离城镇数公里远的内陆地区的养羊农民。他们建了一些小医院，并找了护士在那里工作，但那时整个南澳大利亚只有两名医生。吉米·弗林经常讲一个因为旅途不便和缺少医生，没能及时得到救助的吉米故事。他在1917年提出“飞行医生”的想法，1928年实现了。到了20世纪30年代，澳大利亚的每一个地方都有一架飞行的医生飞机。
24．词句猜测题。popular流行的；lonely偏僻的，寂寞的；beautiful美丽的；wonderful精彩的。此句“The church wanted to help the sheep farmers who lived in the outback many kilometers from towns and cities.”句意是：教会想帮助住在离城镇数公里远的内陆地区的养羊牧民。根据outback的后置定语“many kilometers from towns and cities（离城镇数公里远的）”可知“outback”意思是“一个偏僻的地方”。故选B。
25．细节题。根据第1段最后1句“They built a number of small hospitals and found nurses to work there, but at that time there were only two doctors in all of South Australia.（他们建了一些小医院，并找了护士在那里工作，但那时整个南澳大利亚只有两名医生。）”可知“南澳大利亚的问题是医生太少了。”故选C。
26．细节题。根据第2段第1句中“One day, Jimmy had an accident on his farm…（一天，吉米的农场出了事故……）”可知“关于吉米，弗林告诉我们他出了事故。”故选C。
27．细节题。根据第2段第7和8句“The doctor took ten days to arrive. He travelled by car, by horse and on foot and when he arrived, Jimmy was dead.（医生花了十天才到。他坐汽车、骑马和步行，当他到达时，吉米已经死了。）”可知“他走得太慢了，没有救了吉米。”故选A。
28．C 29．A 30．B 31．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍红外温度计的使用原理，以及影响测量结果的因素。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Infrared thermometers, or temperature guns, have been widely used to detect the early symptoms of COVID-19” 可知是检测新型冠状病毒的早期症状，故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段“They determine temperature by measuring the energy coming from your skin ”测量来自你的皮肤的能量。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段“The electronic sensors inside the thermometers can measure the heat and read the temperature of the skin after making some calculations ”可知读取皮肤的体温。故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It depend on how these devices are used. For example, how far away they are held from the body, how steadily they are held and for how long. Factors such as make-up and sweat will also affect the results”影响因素有拿得离身体有多远，拿得有多稳当和多长时间；化妆和汗也会影响结果。不影响的是D选项。故选D。
32．A 33．D 34．B 35．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了蜜蜂。蜜蜂是蜂中最常见的一个品种。它们总是以蜂群的形式生活。蜜蜂在蜂群中分成三类：蜂后，雄蜂，工蜂。三类蜜蜂在蜂群中都有不同的分工和任务。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“Over 25,000 kinds of bees have been found.”可知，目前已经发现超过25000种蜂。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“The queen is… She doesn’t go out to work, but lays eggs.”可知，蜂后的任务不是出去工作，而是产卵。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段“When there’s not much food, drones are often kicked out of the hive.”可知，当食物不够的时候，雄蜂就会被踢出蜂群。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据第三段“Sometimes a queen can lay 3, 000 eggs in a day.”可知，蜂后每天可以产卵3000只，而不是工蜂，故排除A；根据倒数第二段“Workers are the smallest and busiest bees.”可知，工蜂是最小最忙的蜜蜂，而不是最大最忙的，故排除B；根据倒数第二段最后一句“They guard the hive and help to keep it cool by fanning their wings.”可知，工蜂保卫蜂群，还通过煽动翅膀的方式为蜂群散热，C选项是文意的正确表达。故选C。
【点睛】本文阅读难度适中，但考的都是较为简单的细节理解题。为了加快解题速度，同学们可以这样做：一、直接先看小题题干，从题干中找关键词；二、带着关键词回到原文定位解答句；三、找到解答句后，再仔细对比解答句和小题题干的选项，就可以得出答案。比如小题1，找到它的关键词是“kinds of bees”，然后回到原文找这几个关键词或者和这几个关键词有关系的句子。然后，我们就定位到第一段第三句，所以这就是我们的解答句。通过仔细对比这个解答句以及选项，“Over 25,000”就是本小题的答案。
36．C 37．D 38．B 39．C
【分析】本文介绍了人们对大象的误解之处以及谚语“a white elephant”的来历。
36．推理判断题。根据“This is untrue, in fact, elephants have such poor eyesight that they would not usually see a mouse, even if one came very near them.”这是不真实的，事实上，大象的视力很差，它们通常不会看到老鼠，即使一只老鼠离它们很近。可以推知大象不怕老鼠，因为大象不仅视力很差而且老鼠太小，大象也看不见。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“Elephants are the biggest land animals alive today.”大象是当今世界上最大的陆地动物。因此A不对；根据“No evidence suggests that elephants have better memories than any other animals.”没有证据表明大象的记忆力比其他任何动物都好。也就是说没有证据表明大象的记忆力最好，因此选项B说大象的记忆力最差不对；根据“In Thailand, when the country was still called Siam, if someone found a white elephant, they gave it to the king because it was rare.”在泰国，当这个国家还被称为暹罗时，如果有人发现一头白象，他们就会把它送给国王，因为它很稀有。可知，在暹罗，如果有人发现一头白象，它就会被送给国王。而不是自己照顾它。所以选项C错误，D正确。故选D。
38．主旨大意题。根据“We have worked with elephants for a long time, but there are still many misunderstandings about elephants.”我们与大象合作了很长时间，但对大象仍有许多误解。可知，本文主要介绍了对大象的误解之处，也就是关于大象的荒诞的说法。故选B。
39．篇章结构。第一段子总写我们与大象合作了很长时间，但对大象仍有许多误解；第②③④三段分述了误解之处；第⑤段介绍了如果有人发现一头白象，该如何处理以及谚语“a white elephant”的来历。所以本文的结构是①;②③④; ⑤。故选C。

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