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初中英语语法不定代词讲解及练习
1.复习巩固
【教材原句】
1.Did you go with anyone
你和其他人一起去的吗？
2.No. No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.
不。没人在这儿。大家都在度假。
3.Everything tasted really good!
一切尝起来都很棒！
【概念】
不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫不定代词。
【常见的不定代词】
some 一些 somebody 某人
someone 某人 something 某事
any 一些；任何 anybody 任何人
anyone 任何人 anything任何事
no 无 nobody 无人
no one 无人 nothing 无物
every 每个 everybody 每人；大家；人人
everyone 每人 everything 每件事；一切
all 全体；全部 both 两个（都）
none 没人或物（指两个以上）
neither 没人或物（指两个当中）
either 任何一个（指两个当中）
each每个 other（s）另一个（些）
another 另外一个；又一个
much 很多（修饰不可数名词）
many很多（修饰可数名词）
few几乎没有 a few一些；几个
little 几乎没有 a little 少数几个
【基本用法】
1. some系列的词主要用于肯定句中；any系列的词主要用于疑问句、否定句中。它们都既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。
【例句】
There is something wrong with her.
她生病了。
There isn’t anyone in the classroom.
教室里没有人。
提示：在Would you like sth. 一类的问句中用some，不用any。
2. 由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
【例句】
Everyone in China likes the Spring Festival.
在中国，人人都喜欢春节。
3. 形容词修饰不定代词时，通常放在不定代词的后面。
【例句】
Please do something special.
请做些特别的事情吧。
4. 几组不定代词的区别：
① both, either, neither
这三个词都指两者，both表示“两者都”，either表示“两者中的任何一个”，neither表示“两者都不”。
【例句】
—Which do you like better, tea or coffee
你更喜欢哪个，茶还是咖啡？
—Neither, I like water better.
两者都不，我更喜欢水。
② a few; few；a little; little
★ a few, few用来修饰可数名词，a little, little用来修饰不可数名词。其中a few, a little表示肯定，意为“有一点”；few, little表示否定，意为“几乎没有”。
★ quite a few和quite a little意为“相当多”；very few和very little意为“很少”。
【例句】
There is a little milk left in the bottle.
在瓶子里有点剩余的牛奶。
There are quite a few apples in the store.
在商店里有相当多的苹果。
③ many, much
many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词。
【例句】
I have many things to do.
我有许多事情要做。
He has much homework to do.
他有许多作业要做。
④ other, another, others, any other, the other, the others
★other表示泛指，意为“另外的、其他的”。常与复数名词或不可数名词连用。如果其前有the, this, some, any, each, every, no, one 以及形容词性物主代词时，其后就可接单数名词。
【例句】
I have no other place to go.
我没有其他地方可去。
★ another常用于指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个”，泛指单数。可单独使用，也可后接名词。如果其后接复数名词，则表示“又、再、还”。
【例句】
This cap is too small for me. Show me another（one）.
这顶帽子对于我来说太小。给我另一顶看看。
We need another three assistants in our shop.
我们商店里还需要三名服务员。
★ others是other的复数形式，表示泛指，意为“别的人或物”，但不指全部。用于特指时在其前加定冠词the；前面可加任何限定词以及数量词。
【例句】
He has more concern for others than for himself.
他对别人的关心多于对他自己。
★ any other 表示一个之外的其他任何一个，而不是两个之中的另一个。
【例句】
China is larger than any other country in Asia.
中国比亚洲的其他任何一个国家都大。
★ the other 表示两者中的另外一个。可单独使用，也可后接单数名词。
【例句】
There are two erasers. One is for me, the other is for him.
这里有两块橡皮。一块给你，另一块给他。
★ the others表示同类中的剩余全部。
【例句】
Fifty students are in our class. Twenty of them are 15, the others are 14.
我们班有五十名学生。二十名15岁，剩余的都是14岁。
⑤ neither, none
neither 表示“两者都不”，反义词是both“两者都”。neither of引导主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
Neither of them is interested in math.
他们两个都对数学不感兴趣。
none 表示“三者或三者以上都不”，反义词是all，表示“三者或三者以上全都”，none of引导主语时谓语动词用单、复数形式都行。
None of them is/ are excited about the news.
听到这个消息他们谁也不感到振奋。
⑥ no one, none, nobody
都表示否定意义。none后可跟of短语，no one 和nobody则不能；none 既可指人，又可指物；nobody和no one只能指人。
【例句】
Nobody/ No one believed his story.
没有人相信他的故事。
None of us believed his story.
我们没人相信他的故事。
none用来回答how many或how much提问的特殊疑问句，no one 和nobody用来回答who提问的特殊疑问句。
【例句】
—How many dogs do you keep
你养了多少条狗？
—None.
一条也没养。
—Who was late
谁迟到了？
—No one. / Nobody.
谁也没迟到。
一、从括号中选择最佳答案。
1. You must do ______ carefully. （something, everything）
2. Granny Liu has ______ rice now. Let’s buy ______ for her. （little, a little, some）
3. I am off duty today. Give me ______ to read. （everything, something）
4. They all came to the playground for morning exercises. ______ of them were late. （neither, none）
5. My sister gave me two pictures. One is the Great Wall, ______ is the Ming Tombs. （another, other, the other）
6. He asked for money and I gave him ______ .（some, any）
7. Did you eat ______ at supper time （much, many）
8. If ______ calls, tell him I am busy. （anyone, someone）
9. Is ______ here today （everyone; someone）
二、用方框里所给复合代词填空。
some, any, something, someone, somebody, somewhere, anything, anyone, anybody, anywhere, no one, nobody, nothing
１.Do you have ＿＿＿＿ questions？
２.Maybe ＿＿＿＿ put my dictionary ＿＿＿＿． I can't find it ＿＿＿＿．
３.I'm so thirsty． Shall we get ＿＿＿＿ to drink？
４.I don't think ＿＿＿＿ knows her new address．
５.There's ＿＿＿＿ in the new cupboard． It's empty now．
６.＿＿＿＿ is too difficult if you put your heart into it．
７.I think you can find him ＿＿＿＿ in the school．
８.＿＿＿＿ can run faster than he. He's the winner．
９. Could you tell ＿＿＿＿ different between the two pictures ？
10.Please help yourself to ＿＿＿＿ soup．
三、选择最佳选项填空。
1. _______is waiting for you at the gate. She's got a letter for you.
A.Nobody B.Anybody
C.Somebody D.Everybody
2.There’s_________in the meeting room. Shall we have a talk there
A. somebody B. anybody
C.nobody D. everybody
3.I looked for my keys______,but I couldn’t find them.
A anywhere; somewhere
B everywhere; somewhere
C everywhere: anywhere
D somewhere; anywhere
4.---Would you like_______milk in your coffee
---Yes, just_______.
A.any, a few B.some, a little
C.any, a little D.some, a few
5.---I’d like______grapes and pears.
---Oh, I only need______orange juice.
A.some: a few B.a few: a little
C.a little: a few D.a little: few
6.I’d like to go_______on vacation.
A.somewhere relaxed
B.anywhere relaxed
C.somewhere relaxing
D.relaxing anywhere
7.---Do you care about your parents
---Yes, of course. ______in my life is more important than them.
A.Something B.Nothing
C.Anything D.Everything
8.Old Tom is unhappy because _____ has visited him since he moved to town.
A.everybody B.somebody
C.anybody D.nobody
9.Though the exam was difficult，______ students passed it.
A .little B. a little
C. few D. a few
10.I need _____ bananas to make fruit salad. Could you please buy some
A. few B.a few
C. little D. a little
11.I agree with most of what you said， but I don’t agree to ______.
A everything B something
C anything D nothing
12.---Are you going out now，Lucy
---No, I'm hungry. I'll get ____ to eat before I go out.
A something B anything
C nothing D everything
13.—Who helped you finish the work
— ______ . I finished it by myself.
A. None B. No one C. Neither D. All
14.There must be ______ wrong with the clock. It doesn’t work.
A. nothing B. something
C. everything D. anything
15.Ms. Wang is an excellent teacher. ______ in our class loves her.
A. Someone B. No one
C. Everyone D. Anyone
16.Mrs. Brown is nice. Every day she tried to cook ______ for me during my stay in Canada.
A. something different
B. anything different
C. nothing different
D. everything different
17.—We have red and yellow T-shirts. Which color do you like
—I’m afraid ______. I think blue will be OK.
A. both B. either C. neither D. none
18.—How many birds can you see in the tree
— ______. All the birds have flown away.
A. None B. No one
C. Nothing D. A few
参考答案：
一、1. everything 2. little; some
3.something 4.None 5. the other
6.some 7.much 8.anyone
9. everyone
二、1.any 2.someone ／ somebody somewhere anywhere
３．something ４．no one ／ nobody
５．nothing ６．Nothing
７．somewhere ８．No one ／ Nobody
９．something 10. some
三、
1.C 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.B
6.C 7.B 8.D 9.D 10.B 11.A 12.A
13-18 BBCACA

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