资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2020—2022年年高考英语真卷阅读理解汇总
天津卷（共十九篇）（解析版）
一、2022·天津·高考真题
（一）
(2022·天津·高考真题) I’m an 18-year-old pre-medical student, tall and good-looking, with two short story books and quite a number of essays my credit. Why am I singing such praises of myself Just to explain that he attainment of self-pride comes from a great deal of self-love, and to attain it, one must first learn to accept oneself as one is. That was where my struggle began.
Born and raised in Africa，I had always taken my African origin as burden. My self-dislike was further fueled when my family had to relocate to Norway, where I attended a high pared to all the white girls around me, with their golden hair and delicate lips, I ,a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nose often had a thin sheet of sweat on it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted to bury myself in my shell crying “I’m so different!”
What also contributed to my self-dislike was my occasional stuttering (口吃), which had weakened my self-confidence. It always stood between me and any fine opportunity. I’d taken it as an excuse to avoid any public speaking sessions, and unknowingly let it rule over me.
Fortunately, as I grew older, there came a turning point. One day a white girl caught my eye on the school bus when she suddenly turned back. To my astonishment, she had a thin sheet of sweat on her nose too, and it was in November! “Wow,” I whispered to myself, “this isn’t a genetic(遗传的) disorder after all. It’s perfectly normal.” Days later, my life took an-other twist(转折). Searching the internet for stuttering cures, I accidentally learned that such famous people as Isaac Newton and Winston Churchill also stuttered. I was greatly relieved and then an idea suddenly hit me—if I’m smart, I shouldn’t allow my stuttering to stand between me and my success.
Another boost to my self-confidence came days later as I was watching the news about Oprah Winfrey, the famous talk show host and writer—she’s black too! Whenever I think of her story and my former dislike of my color, I’m practically filled with shame.
Today, I’ve grown to accept what I am with pride; it simply gives me feeling of uniqueness. The idea of self-love has taken on a whole new meaning for me: there’s always something fantastic about us, and what w need to do is learn to appreciate it.
1．What affected the author’s adjustment to her school life in Norway!
A．Her appearance
B．Social discrimination.
C．Her changing emotions.
D．The climate in Norway.
2．What did the author’s occasional stuttering bring about according on Paragraph 3
A．Her lack of self-confidence.
B．Her loss of interest in school.
C．Her unwillingness to greet her classmates.
D．Her desire for chances to improve herself.
3．How did the author feel on noticing the similarity between her and the girl on the bus
A．Blessed and proud.
B．Confused and afraid.
C．Amazed and relieved.
D．Shocked and ashamed.
4．What lesson did the author learn from the cases of Newton and Churchill
A．Great minds speak alike.
B．Stuttering is no barrier to success.
C．Wisdom counts more than hard work.
D．Famous people can’t live with their weaknesses.
5．What can best summarize the message contained in the passage
A．Pride comes before a fall.
B．Where there is a will, there is a way.
C．Self-acceptance is based on the love for oneself.
D．Self-love is key to the attainment of self-pride.
[答案]1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D
[导语]本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者在非洲长大的经历，在成长的过程中作者意识到一个人要获得自尊就要首先学会接受自己本来的面目。
1．推理判断题。根据文中第二段“Compared to all the white girls around me, with their golden hair and delicate lips, I ,a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nose often had a thin sheet of sweat on it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted to bury myself in my shell crying “I’m so different!”(与我周围所有有着金色头发和精致嘴唇的白人女孩相比，我，一个黑人女孩，有着卷曲的头发和饱满的红唇。无论天气如何，我的鼻子上经常有一层薄薄的汗水。我只想把自己埋在壳里哭着“我太不一样了！”)”可知，作者的外表与其他的孩子不同，这使得作者不容易适应学校的生活。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“What also contributed to my self-dislike was my occasional stuttering(口吃), which had weakened my self-confidence.(导致我自我厌恶的还有我偶尔的口吃，这削弱了我的自信心。)”可知，作者的口吃导致作者失去了自信。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。文中第四段提到“To my astonishment, she had a thin sheet of sweat on her nose too, and it was in November!(令我惊讶的是，她的鼻子上也有薄薄的汗水，而且是在十一月！)”可知，作者见到小女孩儿感到很惊讶，根据句子中““Wow,” I whispered to myself, “this isn’t a genetic(遗传的) disorder after all. It’s perfectly normal.”(“哇，”我低声对自己说，“这毕竟不是遗传疾病。这很正常。”)”可知，作者此刻感到很放松。故选C项。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I was greatly relieved and then an idea suddenly hit me—if I’m smart, I shouldn’t allow my stuttering to stand between me and my success.(我大大地松了一口气，然后一个想法突然出现在我脑海中——如果我聪明，我不应该让我的口吃阻碍我和我的成功。)”可知,作者意识到口吃不应该是自己成功的障碍。故选B项。
5．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Just to explain that he attainment of self-pride comes from a great deal of self-love, and to attain it, one must first learn to accept oneself as one is. That was where my struggle began.(只是为了解释他获得自尊来自大量的自爱，而要获得它，一个人必须首先学会接受自己的本来面目。这就是我挣扎开始的地方。)”可知，本文要讲述的是作者在经历中感悟到要想有自尊，首先要自爱。故选D项。
（二）
（2022·天津·高考真题）Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of changes. For most students, it’s the first time they’re living away from home and managing their own life. Not surprisingly, adapting to this new lifestyle can be challenging. The following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life.
Goal setting
When setting goals, whether they’re academic, career, or personal, re-member they should be attainable but not too easy, so that you really have to push yourself to achieve them, and feel rewarded when you do. Writing down your goals and breaking down each huge, long-term goal into smaller more practical ones can help make it feel more real, and writing out a plan for achieving it can give you a road map to success.
Interpersonal skills
At college, you will interact with fellow students, professors, librarians, and many others. Strong interpersonal skills will help you build relationships during this time, and get more out of them. If you feel that your interpersonal skills need some work, practice asking thoughtful questions and listening closely, develop your understanding by putting yourself in someone else’s shoes, and enhance your self-confidence.
Studying
With fewer in-class hours and more on-your-own learning, you’re required to really digest learning material rather than simply memorize facts. To be successful in college you’ll need to learn how to integrate large amounts of information obtained through reading, do research, and write papers. Organization is the key, so if you are not someone who is naturally organized, set up your study schedule.
Budgeting
Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many, it is at college that they develop it for the first time. Start by estimating your financial balance. Then give high priority to the expenses on basic needs and determine how much money to set aside every month to cover those costs. Don’t forget about savings…and the fun stuff(movies, dinners out), too.
6．Who is this passage most probably written for
A．College teachers.
B．University graduates.
C．High school teachers.
D．Would-be college students.
7．What is the author’s suggestion for reaching a huge goal
A．Divide it into smaller, more achievable ones.
B．Reward oneself for each goal one has set.
C．Purchase a clear, updated road map.
D．Push oneself to an upper level.
8．One of the suggested ways to enhance your interpersonal skills is to ________.
A．prepare complicated questions
B．try on someone else’s shoes
C．listen to others carefully
D．take advantage of others
9．What is the key to successful college study according to the author
A．Being well-organized.
B．Being well-informed.
C．Effective reading skills.
D．Reliable research methods.
10．To learn how to manage money, the first thing to do is________.
A．save money for financial investment
B．estimate one’s income and expenses
C．set aside money for fun activities
D．open a personal bank account
[答案]6．D 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B
[导语]本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了高中毕业生如何为大学生活做更好准备的四个技巧。
6．推理判断题。根据第一段中的首句“Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of changes.(对于高中毕业生来说，进入大学是一大步，它带来了很多变化。 )”和最后一句“The following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life.(以下四个技巧将使高中毕业生为大学生活做得更好的准备。)”可知，该文主要针对于高中毕业生的。故选D项。
7．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Writing down your goals and breaking down each huge, long-term goal into smaller more practical ones can help make it feel more real, and writing out a plan for achieving it can give you a road map to success.(写下你的目标，把每个巨大的长期目标分解成更小、更实际的目标，可以帮助它感觉更真实，写出一个实现它的计划可以给你一个成功的路线图。)”可知，作者建议学生要将宏大的计划拆分成一个个细小的可实现的计划。故选A项。
8．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If you feel that your interpersonal skills need some work, practice asking thoughtful questions and listening closely, develop your understanding by putting yourself in someone else’s shoes, and enhance your self-confidence.(如果你觉得你的人际交往能力需要一些工作，练习提出深思熟虑的问题并仔细倾听，通过设身处地为别人着想来发展你的理解，增强你的自信心。)”可知，新生在人际交往时学会倾听。故选C项。
9．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Organization is the key，so if you are not someone who is naturally organized，set up your study schedule.(组织是关键，所以如果你不是一个自然有条理的人，那就制定你的学习时间表。)”可知，在大学成功学习的关键是要学会成为一个有条理性的人，并科学安排自己的时间。故选A项。
10．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many, it is at college hat they develop it for the first time. Start by estimating your financial balance.(管理资金是一项至关重要的生活技能，对许多人来说，这是他们在大学帽子上第一次发展它。首先估计您的财务状况。)”，可知大学生要学会自主管理金钱，首先要让收支相抵。故选B项。
（三）
（2022·天津·高考真题）Ralph Emerson once said that the purpose of life is not to be happy, but to be useful, to be loving, to make some difference in he world. While we appreciate such words of wisdom, we rarely try to follow them in our lives.
Most people prefer to live a good life themselves, ignoring their responsibilities for the world. This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. A good life based on comfort and luxury may eventually lead to more pain be-cause we spoil our health and even our character, principles, ideals, and relationships.
What then, is the secret of a good life A good life is a process, not a state of being : a direction, not a destination. We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness. More importantly, we must know ourselves inside out. Only when we examine ourselves deeply can we discover our abilities and recognize our limitations, and then work accordingly to create a better world.
The first requirement for a good life is having a loving heart. When we do certain right things merely as a duty, we find our job so tiresome that we’ll soon burn out. However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling.
However, love alone is insufficient to lead a good life. Love sometimes blinds us to the reality. Consequently, our good intentions may not lead to good results. To achieve desired outcome, those who want to do good to others also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge. False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance. If love is the engine of a car knowledge is the steering wheel(方向盘). If the engine lacks power, the car can’t move; if the driver loses control of the steering, a road accident probably occurs. Only with love in heart and the right knowledge in mind can we lead a good life.
With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. When we see the impact of our good work on the world we give meaning to our life and earn lasting joy and happiness.
11．What effect does the narrow perception of a good life have on us
A．Making us simple-minded B．Making us short-signted.
C．Leading us onto a busy road. D．Keeping us from comfort and luxury.
12．According to the author, how can one gain true happiness
A．Through maintaining good health.
B．By going through pain and suffering.
C．By recognizing one’s abilities and limitations.
D．Through offering help much needed by others.
13．According to Paragraph 4, doing certain right things with a loving heart makes one________.
A．less selfish B．less annoying
C．more motivated D．more responsible
14．In what case may good intentions fail to lead to desired results
A．When we have wrong knowledge of the world.
B．When our love for the world is insufficient.
C．When we are insensitive to dangers in life.
D．When we stay blind to the reality.
15．According to Paragraph 5, life can be made truly good when ________.
A．inspired by love and guided by knowledge
B．directed by love and pushed by knowledge
C．purified by love and enriched by knowledge
D．promoted by love and defined by knowledge
[答案]11．B 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．A
[解析]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了美好生活的秘诀是什么。人生的目的不是生而快乐，而是生而有益。
11．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering.(这种对美好生活的狭隘看法可能会带来短期的好处，但肯定会导致长期的伤害和痛苦。)”可知，对美好生活的狭隘看法只能给我们带来短期的好处，所以时间长了会让我们目光短浅、短视。故选B项。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness.(我们必须先为他人服务而不求回报，因为他人的幸福是我们自己幸福的源泉。)”可知，我们能够从帮助他人获得真正的幸福。故选D项。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling.(然而，当我们出于热爱做同样的工作时，我们不仅享受我们做的事情，而且也享受那种毫不费力的感觉。)”可知，带着热爱去做事会让人更加享受做这件事情；越享受做某件事，做事越有动力。故选C项。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance.(虚假的知识比无知更危险。)”可以推测出，当我们对世界有错误的认识的时候，就算意图良好，也可能导致不好的、违背预期的结局。故选A项。
15．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others.(带着爱和知识，我们全力以赴，通过对他人做好事来创造一个更美好的世界。)”可知，有爱和知识，生活就会变得更美好。故选A项。
（四）
（2022·天津·高考真题）Is it true that our brain alone is responsible for human cognition(认知) What about our body Is it possible for thought and behavior to originate from somewhere other than our brain Psychologists who study Embodied Cognition(EC) ask similar questions. The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure.
If you think about it for a moment, it makes total sense. When you smell something good or hear amusing sounds, certain emotions are awakened. Think about how newborns use their senses to understand the world around them. They don’t have emotions so much as needs—they don’t feel sad, they’re just hungry and need food. Even unborn babies can feel their mothers’ heartbeats and this has a calming effect. In the real world，they cry when they’re cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to as-sociate being warm with being loved.
Understandably, theorists have been arguing for years and still disagree on whether the brain is the nerve centre that operates the rest of the body. Older Western philosophers and mainstream language researchers believe this is fact, while EC theorises that the brain and body are working together as an organic supercomputer, processing everything and forming your reactions.
Further studies have backed up the mind-body interaction. In one experiment, test subjects(实验对象) were asked to judge people after being handed a hot or a cold drink. They all made warm evaluations when their fingertips perceived warmth rather than coolness. And it works the other way too; in another study, subjects’ fingertip temperatures were measured after being“included” in or “rejected” from a group task. Those who were included felt physically warmer.
For further proof, we can look at the metaphors(比喻说法) that we use without even thinking. A kind and sympathetic person is frequently referred to as one with a soft heart and someone who is very strong and calm in difficult situations is often described as solid as a rock. And this kind of metaphorical use is common across languages.
Now that you have the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it If you’re having a bad day,a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you’re physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions.
16．According to the author, the significance of the EC theory lies in ________.
A．facilitating our understanding of the origin of psychology
B．revealing the major role of the mind in human cognition
C．offering a clearer picture of the shape of human brain
D．bringing us closer to the truth in human cognition
17．Where does the new borns’ understanding of their surroundings start from
A．Their personal looks.
B．Their mental needs.
C．Their inner emotions.
D．Their physical feelings.
18．The experiments mentioned in Paragraph 4 further prove________.
A．environment impacts how we judge others
B．how body temperature is related to health
C．the mind and the body influence each other
D．how humans interact with their surroundings
19．What does the author intend to prove by citing the metaphors in Paragraph 5
A．Human speech is alive with metaphors.
B．Human senses have effects on thinking.
C．Human language is shaped by visual images.
D．Human emotions are often compared to natural materials.
20．What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph
A．To share with the reader ways to release their emotions.
B．To guide the reader onto the path to career success.
C．To encourage the reader to put EC into practice.
D．To deepen the reader’s understanding of EC．
[答案]16．D 17．D 18．C 19．B 20．C
[解析]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了心理学家的一项EC理论表明，我们不是只有大脑负责人类的认知，我们的身体也负责思考或者解决问题。更准确地说思想塑造身体，身体同等程度的塑造思想。
16．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure.(EC 理论表明，我们的身体也负责思考或解决问题。更准确地说，思维塑造身体，身体同等程度的塑造思维。)”可知，EC理论认为我们身体就像大脑一样塑造我们的认知，因此推断EC理论的意义在于让我们更接近人类认知的真理。故选D项。
17．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“They don’t have emotions so much as needs—they don’t feel sad, they’re just hungry and need food. Even unborn babies can feel their mothers’ heartbeats and this has a calming effect. In the real world，they cry when they’re cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to as-sociate being warm with being loved.(他们没有如同需要那么多的情感——他们不会感到悲伤，他们只是饿，需要食物。即使是未出生的婴儿也能感觉到母亲的心跳，这具有镇静作用。在现实世界中，他们冷了就哭，然后被拥抱。这样，他们开始将温暖与被爱联系起来。)”可知，新生儿对周围环境的理解依靠的是身体感觉。故选D项。
18．推理判断题。文章首句“Further studies have backed up the mind-body interaction.(进一步的研究支持了思想与身体的相互作用。)”接下来列举了两个实验“In one experiment, test subjects(实验对象) were asked to judge people after being handed a hot or a cold drink. They all made warm evaluations when their fingertips perceived warmth rather than coolness. (在一项实验中，测试对象被要求在递给热饮或冷饮后判断人。当他们的指尖感知到温暖而不是凉爽时，他们都做出了温暖的评价。)”表明，身体会影响到思想，以及“And it works the other way too;in another study, subjects’ fingertip temperatures were measured after being “included” in or “rejected” from a group task. Those who were included felt physically warmer.(相反，也是如此；在另一项研究中，受试者的指尖温度是在被“纳入”或“拒绝”小组任务后测量的。那些被纳入在内的人感到身体温暖。)”表明身体会受到思想的影响，因此推断实验进一步证明了身体与思想间的相互作用。故选C项。
19．推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的主题句“For further proof, we can look at the metaphors(比喻说法) that we use without even thinking.(为了进一步证明，我们可以看看我们不假思索就使用的比喻说法）。)”以及下文的陈述“A kind and sympathetic person is frequently referred to as one with a soft heart and someone who is very strong and calm in difficult situations is often described as solid as a rock.(一个善良和富有同情心的人经常被称为心软的人，而在困难的情况下非常坚强和冷静的人通常被描述为坚如磐石。)”说明人们使用身体触感比喻人可推断，作者通过陈述比喻手法是为了进一步证明我们人类的感觉对思维有影响。故选B项。
20．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now that you have the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it (既然您已经掌握了身心互动的知识，为什么不使用它呢？)”以及下文中列举的两种现实生活中的情况“If you’re having a bad day, a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you’re physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions.(如果你今天过得很糟糕，一杯温暖的茶会给你带来一瞬间的快乐。如果你知道自己身体很冷，在做出任何人际关系决定之前先热身。)”可知，理论知识已经知道，且在现实生活中有一定的运用价值，所以作者最后一段是在鼓励读者把EC理论运用于现实生活中。故选C项。
二、2021·天津·高考真题
（一）
（2021·天津·高考真题）In the fictional worlds of film and TV, artificial intelligence （Al） has been described as so advanced that it is indistinguishable from humans. But what if we're actually getting closer to a world where Al is capable of thinking and feeling
Tech company UneeQ is heading for its "digital humans", which appear life like on the screen not only in terms of language, but also because of facial movements: raised eyebrows, a smile, even a nod. They look close to a human, but not quite.
What lies beneath UneeQ9 s digital humans Their 3D faces are modeled on actual human features. Speech recognition enables them to understand what a person is saying, and natural language processing is used to work out a response. Meanwhile, another Al company, Soul Machines, is taking a more biological approach, with a "digital brain", that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions "felt" and "expressed" by its "digital people".
Shiwali Mohan, an Al scientist at the Palo Research Center, is skeptical of these digital beings. "They're human like in their looks and the way they sound, but that in itself is not being human," she says. "Human qualities also involve how you think, how you approach problems, and how you break them down; and that takes a lot of algorithmic (算 法)design. Designing for human-level intelligence is a different attempt than designing images that behave like humans." She then continues, “If something looks like a human, we have high expectations of them, but they might behave differently in ways that humans just instinctively (直觉地)know how other humans react.
Yet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees across the financial, health care, and commercial sectors （行业）. "Unless these sectors make their business models much more efficient digitally, they might be left behind," says Chetan Dube, UneeQ9s CEO.
Some other companies are taking their digital beings a step further, enabling organizations and individuals to create digital humans themselves using free-access platforms they provide. "The biggest motivation for such platforms is to popularize Al," Dube says.
Mohan is cautious about this approach, yet she supports the purpose behind these digital beings and is optimistic about where they are headed. "As we develop more advanced Al technology, we would then have to use new ways of communicating with that technology,she says. "'Hopefully, all of that is designed to support humans in their goals."
21．According to Para. 2, in what respect（s） do UneeQ9s "digital humans" resemble human beings
A．In the way they move around.
B．In the way they act and react.
C．In observation and analysis.
D．In speech and facial expressions.
22．Soul Machines’digital brain is a technological breakthrough because it .
A．learns to make proper emotional responses
B．tends to imitate human beings' tone vividly
C．recognizes the speech sounds it receives
D．processes the natural language it hears
23．In Mohan's opinion, what human quality is lacking in digital beings
A．Calculating brain.
B．Language skills.
C．Instinctive judgements.
D．Problem-solving ability.
24．What makes many sectors employ digital humans
A．The fear of falling behind in efficiency.
B．The urgency to promote e-commerce.
C．The wish to spread digital technology.
D．The need to upgrade the health care system.
25．What does Mohan think of the future of digital beings
A．It's well planned.
B．It is promising.
C．It is uncertain.
D．It's quite hopeless.
[答案]21．D 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．B
[解析]这是一篇说明文。短文介绍许多科技公司正在推进、研发“数字人类”，并被很多部门使用。但一些科学家对此表示怀疑，并指出了“数字人类”并不是真正的人类，有很多缺陷。但前景还是很有希望的。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“Tech company UneeQ is heading for its "digital humans", which appear life like on the screen not only in terms of language, but also because of facial movements: raised eyebrows, a smile, even a nod.”（科技公司UneeQ正在研发一种“数字人”，这种人在屏幕上看起来栩栩如生，不仅因为语言，还因为面部动作:眉毛扬起、微笑，甚至点头。）由此可知，根据第2段，UneeQ9s的“数字人”在言语和面部表情上方面与人类相似。故选D项。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段“Meanwhile, another Al company, Soul Machines, is taking a more biological approach, with a "digital brain", that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions "fblt" and "expressed" by its “digital people”.”（与此同时，另一家Al公司，灵魂机器公司，正在采取一种更具生物性的方法，拥有一个“数字大脑”，它模仿人脑的各个方面来调节其“数字人”的“fblt”和“表达”的情绪。）由此可知，灵魂机器的数字大脑是一项技术突破，因为它倾向于做出适当的情绪反应。故选A项。
23．推理判断题。根据第四段“"They're human like in their looks and the way they sound, but that in itself is not being human," she says. "Human qualities also involve how you think, how you approach problems, and how you break them down; and that takes a lot of algorithmic (算 法)design, but they might behave differently in ways that humans just instinctively (直觉地)know how other humans react.”（“他们的外表和声音都像人类，但这本身不是人类，”她说。“人类的品质还包括你如何思考、如何处理问题以及如何分解问题；这需要大量的算法设计。但他们的行为方式可能不同，人类只是本能地知道其他人的反应。”）由此判断出，在Mohan看来，数字人缺少本能的判断。故选C项。
24．细节理解题。根据第五段“Yet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees across the financial, health care, and commercial sectors （行业）.Unless these sectors make their business models much more efficient digitally, they might be left behind”（但需求依然存在，UneeQ的数字员工在金融、医疗和商业行业的使用率很高。除非这些行业将它们的商业模式数字化得更高效，否则它们可能会被甩在后面）由此可知，害怕效率落后让许多行业使用“数字人类”。故选A项。
25．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mohan is cautious about this approach, yet she supports the purpose behind these digital beings and is optimistic about where they are headed.”（ Mohan对这种方法持谨慎态度，但她支持这些数字生物背后的目的，并对他们的未来持乐观态度）由此判断出，Mohan数字人的未来是有希望的。故选B项。
（二）
（2021·天津·高考真题）Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful. Why, then, is art still so widely considered to be "the easy subject" at school, insignificant to wider society, a waste of time and effort
Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can; art generates money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities. When people attend a concert, they are paying for music, sure, maybe even hotel rooms, meals, and transport, but they also gain an incredible experience, a unique atmosphere and a memory that will go through the rest of their lives. People don't just want material things anymore, they want to experience life一the arts are a perfect crossover（交迭）between culture and commerce.
Furthermore, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel safer. Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion, and their expression of common values through artworks in honour of events significant to a nation's experience.
The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact on physical and psychological health. It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not; more engagement with the arts is linked to a higher level of people's well being. The Royal Society of Public Health discovered that music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure.
Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. Kids with preference for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future. Participating in the arts is essential for child development; encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.
Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human.
26．Art products differ from most other commercial products because .
A．most people purchase them for collection
B．they are more expensive and less accessible
C．they have both commercial and cultural values
D．their prices may climb up as time passes
27．By sharing their arts experiences, community members can .
A．keep the community safe from illnesses
B．develop a stronger tie between them
C．learn to appreciate their own works of art
D．offer honourable solutions to their problems
28．What can we learn about people who are involved in artistic activities
A．They enjoy better living conditions.
B．They like to compare themselves with others.
C．They are particularly good at both music and art.
D．They tend to be healthier physically and mentally.
29．How does kids' engagement with the arts benefit them
A．It promotes their academic performance and emotional growth.
B．It gives them more confidence in exhibiting their learning skills.
C．It inspires their creativity in designing their future career.
D．It helps to make responsible people out of them.
30．What is the best title for this passage
A．How Art Cures Our Hearts
B．Art: A Blessing to Humankind
C．How Art Benefits Communities
D．Art: A Bridge Between Cultures
[答案]26．C 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．B
[分析]本文是一篇说明文。讲述了艺术这一活动对人类的重要意义，是我们不可或缺的社会生活之一。从赋予商品的商业价值，人类的身心健康和青少年的学术和情感发展等方面论述了艺术的重要意义。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段“Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful.”（任何公共空间都是由艺术家精心设计的，既实用又美观。）以及“Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can”（艺术可以将文化与商业产品联系起来，这是其他很多东西都做不到的。）可以看出，可见艺术参与的作品兼具文化价值和商业价值。故选择C。
27．细节理解题。根据第三段“Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion,, and their expression of common values through artworks in honor of events significant to a nation's experience.”（当个人通过反思和讨论分享他们的艺术经验，并通过艺术作品表达共同的价值观，以纪念对一个国家的经验有重要意义的事件时，社会纽带就在他们之间建立起来。），可见通过分享经历，可以建立一种特殊的联系和纽带。故选择B。
28．细节理解题。根据第四段“It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not”（研究发现，经常出入文化场所或参加艺术活动的人比不经常出入文化场所或参加艺术活动的人更容易获得健康;），可见参加艺术活动的人们在身心上都相对更加健康。故选择D。
29．细节理解题。根据第五段“Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education”（参与艺术的孩子在他们的教育中取得更大的成就）以及“encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.”（有助于在以后的生活中形成健康的情感反应。）可见艺术活动促进了孩子们的学业表现和情感成长。故选择A。
30．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human.”（艺术对人类的生命至关重要，世界各国为各种目的庆祝和使用艺术。没有艺术的生活将是无聊和死气沉沉的，因为艺术是我们人类的一部分。）可见艺术是人类重要的部分，文章中也详细描述了艺术对不同人群的好处。所以短文的最佳标题为“艺术:人类的福祉”。故选择B。
（三）
（2021·天津·高考真题）When people ask me how I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need that I felt to work with language. Having said that, I did not know for a long time what I was looking for. It was not until I followed this feeling to its source that I discovered I had a passion for writing. With some encouragement from my colleagues, I had one of my poems published. This bit of success, however, was the point where my problem began.
Back in 1978, I had to travel between three different campuses in the morning, teaching freshman composition. Afternoons I spent taking my daughter to her ballet and horse-riding lessons. I composed my lectures on the way, and that was all the thinking time I had. When I returned home, there was not enough of me left for writing after a full working day.
As a way out, I decided to get up two hours before my usual time. My alarm was set for 5:00 A．M. The first day I shut it off because I had placed it within arm's reach. The second day I set two clocks, one on my night table, and one out in the hallway. I had to jump out of bed and run to silence it before my family was awoken. This was when my morning writing began.
Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many excuses for not writing. I wrote my poems in this manner for nearly ten years before my first book was published. When I decided to write a novel, I divided my two hours: the first for poetry, the second for fiction. Well or badly, I wrote at least two pages a day. This is how my novel, The Line of the Sun. was finished. If I had waited to have the time, I would still be waiting to write my novel.
What I got out of getting up in the dark to work is the feeling that I am in control. For many people, the initial sense of urgency to create easily dies away because it requires making the tough decision: taking the time to create, stealing it from yourself if ifs the only way.
31．What motivated the author to start her writing career
A．Her strong wish to share.
B．Her keen interest in writing.
C．Her urgent need to make a living.
D．Her passionate desire for fame.
32．What problem did the author face when she decided to begin her writing
A．She was too exhausted to write after a busy day.
B．She had trouble in deciding on her writing style.
C．She had to take time to discipline her daughter.
D．She was unsure about her writing skills.
33．Why did the author place an alarm clock in the hallway
A．In case the clock in her room broke down.
B．In case she failed to hear the ringing.
C．To force herself out of bed.
D．To wake up her family.
34．How did the author manage to finish her novel
A．By sticking to writing every morning.
B．By writing when her mind was most active.
C．By drawing inspirations from classic novels.
D．By reducing her teaching hours at school.
35．What can we learn from the author's success in her writing career
A．It is never too late to change your job.
B．Imaginative ideas die away if not taken in time.
C．A tight schedule is no excuse for lack of action.
D．Daily life provides ideas for creative writing.
[答案]31．B 32．A 33．C 34．A 35．C
[解析]本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者喜爱写作并制定计划一直坚持下来。
31．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When people ask me how I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need that I felt to work with language.”当人们问我是如何开始写作的时候，我发现自己在描述一种对语言的迫切需求。可知，促使作者开始她的写作生涯的原因是她对写作的强烈兴趣。故选B项。
32．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When I returned home, there was not enough of me left for writing after a full working day.”当我回到家时，在工作了一整天后，我写东西的精力已经不够了。可知，当作者决定开始写作时，因为她忙碌了一天之后，她筋疲力尽，无法再写作了。故选A项。
33．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The first day I shut it off because I had placed it within arm's reach. The second day I set two clocks, one on my night table, and one out in the hallway.”第一天我把它关掉了，因为我把它放在触手可及的地方。第二天，我调了两个钟，一个放在床头柜上，一个放在走廊上。可知，作者在走廊里放了一个闹钟的原因是为了强迫自己起床。故选C项。
34．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many excuses for not writing.”从1978年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，作者能够写小说的原因是坚持每天早上写作。故选A项。
35．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What I got out of getting up in the dark to work is the feeling that I am in control.”我从摸黑起床工作中得到的是一种掌控一切的感觉。以及文章第四段“Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many excuses for not writing.”从1978年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，紧凑的日程并不是不采取行动的借口。故选C项。
（四）
（2021·天津·高考真题）There is something to be said for being a generalist, even if you are a specialist. Knowing a little about a lot of things that interest you can add to the richness of a whole, well-lived life.
Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. This requires commitment to a particular occupation, branch of study or research. The drawback to being specialists is we often come to know more and more about less and less. There is a great deal of pressure to master one's field. You may pursue training, degrees, or increasing levels of responsibility at work. Then you discover the pressure of having to keep up.
Some people seem willing to work around the clock in their narrow specialty. But such commitment can also weaken a sense of freedom. These specialists could work at the office until ten each night, then look back and realize they would have loved to have gone home and enjoyed the sweetness of their family and friends, or traveled to exciting places, meeting interesting people. Mastering one thing to the exclusion （排 除）of others can hold back your true spirit.
Generalists, on the other hand, know a lot about a wide range of subjects and view the whole with all its connections. They are people of ability, talent, and enthusiasm who can bring their broad perspective （视角）into specific fields of expertise （专长）.The doctor who is also a poet and philosopher is a superior doctor, one who can give so much more to his patients than just good medical skills.
Things are connected. Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas. Some of your interests may not appear to be connected but, once you explore their depths, you discover that they are. My editor Toni, who is also a writer, has edited several history books. She has decided to study Chinese history. Fascinated by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy. "I don't know where it will lead, but I'm excited I'm on this pursuit."
These expansions into new worlds help us by giving us new perspectives. We begin to see the interconnectedness of one thing to another in all aspects of our life, of ourselves and the universe. Develop broad, general knowledge and experience. The universe is all yours to explore and enjoy.
36．To become a specialist, one may have to_____.
A．narrow his range of knowledge
B．avoid responsibilities at work
C．know more about the society
D．broaden his perspective on life
37．The specialists mentioned in Paragraph 3 tend to______.
A．treasure their freedom
B．travel around the world
C．spend most time working
D．enjoy meeting funny people
38．According to the author, a superior doctor is one who_____.
A．is fully aware of his talent and ability
B．is a pure specialist in medicine
C．should love poetry and philosophy
D．brings knowledge of other fields to work
39．What does the author intend to show with the example of Toni
A．Passion alone does not ensure a person's success.
B．In-depth exploration makes discoveries possible.
C．Everyone has a chance to succeed in their pursuit.
D．Seemingly unrelated interests are in a way connected.
40．What could be the best title for the passage
A．Be More a Generalist Than a Specialist
B．Specialist or Generalist: Hard to Decide
C．Turn a Generalist into a Specialist
D．Ways to Become a Generalist
[答案]36．A 37．C 38．D 39．D 40．A
[解析]本文是议论文。文章论述了要当一个多面手，而不是当某方面的专家。
36．推理判断题。文章第二段中提到“This requires commitment to a particular occupation, branch of study or research. The drawback to being specialists is we often come to know more and more about less and less.（成为专家需要对特定的职业、研究领域的投入。成为专家的缺点是我们常常对越来越少的知识领域了解得越来越多。）”根据“know … about less and less”可知，要成为一名专家，了解到的知识领域会越来越少，会缩小他的知识范围。故选A。
37．细节理解题。第三段中提到“Some people seem willing to work around the clock in their narrow specialty. …These specialists could work at the office until ten each night (有些人似乎愿意在他们狭隘的专业领域夜以继日地工作。…… 这些专家可以每天晚上在办公室工作到十点。)”由此可知，这些专家往往花大部分的时间在工作上。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“The doctor who is also a poet and philosopher is a superior doctor, one who can give so much more to his patients than just good medical skills. (这位既是诗人又是哲学家的医生是一位优秀的医生，他能给他的病人提供比良好的医术更多的东西。)”可知，作者认为一名优秀的医生可以将其他领域的知识带到工作中。故选D。
39．推理判断题。文章第五段中提到“Things are connected. Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas. Some of your interests may not appear to be connected but, once you explore their depths, you discover that they are.（事物之间是有联系的。让你在一个领域的专长激发你在所有相关领域的热情。你的一些兴趣可能看起来没有联系，但一旦你深入探索，你就会发现它们是有联系的。）”；下文举出Toni的例子“My editor Toni, who is also a writer, has edited several history books. She has decided to study Chinese history. Fascinated by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy.（我的编辑Toni也是一位作家，她编辑过几本历史书。她已决定学习中国历史。作为一名画家，她痴迷于紫禁城的建筑之美，同时也对更多地了解中国哲学感兴趣。）”由此可以推断，作者想通过Toni的例子说明看似不相关的兴趣，如果深入探索的话，在某种程度上是有联系的。故选D。
40．主旨大意题。文章第一段提出观点“There is something to be said for being a generalist, even if you are a specialist.”作者提出即使你是一个专家，也应该当一个通才；文章第二段提出“The drawback to being specialists is we often come to know more and more about less and less. ”说明成为专家的不足之处是我们常常对越来越少的知识领域了解得越来越深；第四段中提到“Generalists, …, know a lot about a wide range of subjects and view the whole with all its connections.”说明当通才的优点往往对广泛的学科了解得很多，并从整体上来看其中的所有的联系。作者的观点是应该当一个通才。因此文章的标题应为“Be More a Generalist Than a Specialist（做一个通才，而不是专家）”。故选A。
（五）
（2021·天津·高考真题）A trial project by the Montreal Children's Hospital suggested that the use of medical hypnosis(催眠)can reduce pain and anxiety in patients. The project also resulted in a reduction in the amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging imaging(医学影像) procedures.
“During the examination children don't move. It works perfectly. It's amazing,“ said Johanne L'Ecuyer, a medical-imaging technologist at the hospital.
The project was inspired by a French team from Rouen University Hospital Centre where examinations are done under hypnosis instead of general anesthesia(麻醉）.
A French medical-imaging technologist-also a hypnotist — was invited to train a few members in the medical-imaging department of the children's hospital. In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety.
Hypnosis is not a state of sleep: It is rather a modified(改变的)state of consciousness. The technologist will guide the patient to this modified state—an imaginary world that will disassociate itself more and more from the procedure that follows.
“The technologist must build up a story with the patient," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. "The patient is left with the power to choose what he wants to talk about. Do you play sports Do you like going to the beach We establish a subject that we will discuss throughout the procedure."
Everything that happens next during the procedure must be related to this story — an injection （注射）becomes the bite of an insect; the heat on the skin becomes the sensation of the sun and a machine that rings becomes a police car passing nearby.
“The important thing is that the technologist associates what is happening outside the patient's body with what the patient sees in his head," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. "It requires creativity on the part of the technologist, imagination, a lot of patience and kindness."
The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January. It spread like wildfire that someone from France was here to train the technologists," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. She added that she had a line of staff at her door wanting to take the training.
41．One of the results produced by the trial project is ________ .
A．a better understanding of children
B．less use of certain medicines
C．new medical-imaging technology
D．an improved reputation of the hospital
42．The French technologist came to the children's hospital to ________.
A．assist in treating a patient
B．carry out hypnosis training
C．start up a new department
D．learn about the procedure
43．According to Paragraph 5, hypnosis works by ________.
A．creating a perfect world for patients
B．forcing patients into a state of deep sleep
C．putting patients into an unconscious state
D．leading patients' consciousness away from reality
44．What can we learn about the story used in the procedure
A．It should keep pace with the procedure.
B．It reflects the patient's creativity.
C．It is selected by the technologist.
D．It tells what doctors are doing to the patient.
45．The procedure was received among the staff with ________.
A．uncertainty
B．enthusiasm
C．worry
D．criticism
46．What is the passage mainly about
A．An easy way to communicate with patients.
B．The standard method of conducting hypnosis.
C．An introduction of medical-imaging technology.
D．The use of hypnosis in medical-imaging procedures.
[答案]41．B 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．B 46．D
[解析]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了蒙特利尔儿童医院的一个试验项目表明催眠技术的使用可以减轻病人的痛苦和焦虑。一位法国医学影像技术专家——也是一位催眠师被邀请到儿童医院的医学影像部门培训几位员工。
41．细节理解题。根据第一段“The project also resulted in a reduction in the amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging(医学影像)procedures.”（该项目还导致用于医学影像程序的药品数量减少。）可知，实验的结果之一就是减少某些药物的使用。故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据第三段“A French medical-imaging technologist--also a hypnotist -- was invited to train a few members in the medical-imaging department of the children's hospital.”（一位法国医学影像技术专家——也是一位催眠师被邀请到儿童医院的医学影像部门培训几位员工）可知，法国技术专家来儿童医院是做催眠培训来的。故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Hypnosis is not a state of sleep: It is rather a modified （改变的）state of consciousness. The technologist will guide the patient to this modified state—an imaginary world that will disassociate itself more and more from the procedure that follows.”（催眠状态不是一种睡眠的状态：而是一种被改变的意识状态。技术专家会引导病人进入这种改变的状态——一个想象中的世界，它会越来越脱离接下来的程序）可知，催眠是引导病人的意识远离现实，进入一个想象中的世界。故选D。
44．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Everything that happens next during the procedure must be related to this story”（催眠过程中接下来发生的一切都必须和这个故事有关）以及倒数第二段“The important thing is that the technologist associates what is happening outside the patient's body with what the patient sees in his head”（重要的是技术专家把病人身体外发生的事情和他在大脑里看到的联系起来）可知，故事必须跟整个催眠过程同步。故选A。
45．细节理解题。根据倒数第一段“The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January.”（这个程序在一月份开始引进的时候，吸引了很多员工）以及最后一句“She added that she had a line of staff at her door wanting to take the training.”（她补充说，有一队员工在她门口等着接受培训）可知，这个催眠程序受到了员工的欢迎。A. uncertainty 不确定；B. enthusiasm 热情；C. worry 担心；D. criticism 批评。故选B。
46．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A trial project by the Montreal Children's Hospital suggested that the use of medical hypnosis(催眠)can reduce pain and anxiety in patients. The project also resulted in a reduction in the amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging imaging(医学影像) procedures.”（蒙特利尔儿童医院的一个试验项目表明催眠技术的使用可以减轻病人的痛苦和焦虑。一位法国医学影像技术专家——也是一位催眠师被邀请到儿童医院的医学影像部门培训几位员工）可知，全文主要讲述催眠技术在医学影像程序中的应用。故选D。
（六）
（2021·天津·高考真题）Job for You!
Family Alliance Meal DeliveryFamily Alliance is looking for people who can deliver hot Chinese meals one to two times a week for people with disabilities in north suburban Fairfield County. All applicants must have a driver's license and access to a car. Gas will be covered for each delivery.Working hours: 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. Tuesdays and Fridays For more information, contact Charles Chenat cchen@Or call 740-6668988 Lancaster DesignWe provide full furnishings, like donated kitchen equipment and furniture items, for the new homes of people who were oncehomeless. We need people who can work at our warehouse （仓库）sorting and packing items to be delivered to families, repair donated furniture and more. Candidates will be matched with a task based on skill set.Interested Submit your application towww.lancasterdesign.orgOr call 740-6119735
Lancaster WeeklyWould you like the opportunity to earn extra cash close to home If so we have a vacancy in our team which would suit you.Both adults and youngsters aged 13+ are required to deliver our newspaper. You may I have to cover some distance. Bicycles are available if needed.Working hours: 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. SaturdaysFor more informationCall 740-6538360 Parkview Nursing HomeCaregivers are wanted. We seek people who are patient and caring, and who have experience and interest in working with older adults.As part of the package, initial and follow-up training sessions are provided and accommodation is available if required.For more details, visit us at Unit 3 Park View LaneOr contact Ellen White at 740-6968399
47．Which job requires a driver's license A．Delivering meals.
B．Delivering newspapers.
C．Working at the warehouse.
D．Working at the nursing home.
48．Which of the following is TRUE about the Lancaster Design job
A．Applicants are expected to design furniture.
B．Work is arranged according to one's skill set.
C．It involves collecting furniture from homes.
D．It favors applicants who are homeless.
49．A middle-school student is most likely to be hired by.
A．Family Alliance Meal Delivery
B．Lancaster Design
C．Lancaster Weekly
D．Parkview Nursing Home
50．Which number should you call if you want to work with the elderly
A．740-6668988.
B．740-6119735.
C．740-6538360.
D．740-6968399.
[答案]47．A 48．B 49．C 50．D
[解析]这是一篇应用文。文章刊登了四则招工广告。
47．细节理解题。该小题问哪份儿工作需要有驾照。根据第一则广告第二段“All applicants must have a driver's license and access to a car.（所有的申请人都必须有驾照并要有可使用的汽车。）”可知，第一则广告招聘外卖送餐工，并要求应聘者有驾照。故选A项。
48．细节理解题。根据Lancaster Design 广告“Candidates will be matched with a task based on skill set.（应聘者将会被安排与自己技术相匹配的任务。）可知，B项（Lancaster Design job的工作是根据个人的技能来安排的）这一表述正确。故选B项。
49．细节理解题。根据Lancaster Weekly“Both adults and youngsters aged 13+ are required to deliver our newspaper.（成人和13岁以上的青少年都可以投递我们的报纸。）可知，中学生（13+）也有可能会被Lancaster Weekly雇佣。故选C项。
50．细节理解题。根据Parkview Nursing Home广告部分“We seek people who are patient and caring, and who have experience and interest in working with older adults.( 我们寻找有耐心，有爱心，有经验和兴趣与老年人一起工作的人。)可知，Parkview Nursing Home招聘照顾老人的员工，他们养老院的电话是740-6968399。故选D项。
（七）
（2021·天津·高考真题）About five weeks ago, I noticed the skin of our pet lizard was growing dusty. It worried me. I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.
I didn't think about it much until a morning last week when I knocked my favorite teapot off the table. It burst into hundreds of pieces. As I swept up the mess, I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the months.
The destruction started three months ago. It was my husband's birthday. He had just lost his job. The uncertainty was starting to wear on us, so I wanted to do something special.
“Let's make a cake for Dad!” I cried.
My kids screamed with joy. We baked, iced and sprinkled for most of the day. Candles on the cake! Balloons on the walls! Flowers on the table!
Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview, my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere. She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding for his birthday.
Three days ago, the light in our living room suddenly went out. After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful attempts to fix it, my husband suggested watching the Michael Jordan documentary series The Last Dance.
The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.
Humans do not shed skin as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw and nearly new.
Jordan said that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we begin.
51．What can we learn about the pet lizard from Paragraph 1
A．Its tank grew dirty. B．Its old skin came off.
C．It got a skin disease. D．It went missing.
52．Why did the author's husband have banana pudding for his birthday
A．The birthday cake was ruined. B．The author made good puddings.
C．Pudding was his favorite dessert. D．They couldn't afford a birthday cake.
53．Why does the author mention The Last Dance in the passage
A．To prove a theory. B．To define a concept.
C．To develop the theme. D．To provide the background.
54．The underlined part "leaving behind the layer" in Paragraph 8 can be understood as .
A．letting go of the past B．looking for a new job
C．getting rid of a bad habit D．giving up an opportunity
55．What does the author most likely want to tell us
A．Love of family helps us survive great hardships. B．It's not the end of the world if we break things.
C．We should move on no matter what happens. D．Past experiences should be treasured.
[答案]51．B 52．A 53．C 54．A 55．C
[解析]响到家人，直到作者看到家里的宠物蜥蜴换皮和观看了Michael Jordan的纪录片《最后的舞蹈》后，领悟到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后，像蜥蜴一样，用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤，作为人生的起点。
51．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.(第二天早上，我向丈夫和孩子们报告了蜥蜴皮肤上奇怪的表面。几秒钟后，我们的蜥蜴从水箱里出来，旧皮肤蜕了下来)”可知，宠物蜥蜴旧的皮肤脱落了。故选B。
52．细节理解题。根据第六段“Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview, my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere. She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding for his birthday.(就在我丈夫参加另一场工作面试回家前两个小时，我女儿爬到一个高高的架子上，抓起一个玻璃花瓶。它掉下来摔碎在蛋糕旁边。到处都是细小的玻璃碎片。我把蛋糕扔掉时，她大声抽泣。我丈夫生日吃了香蕉布丁)”可知，作者的丈夫过生日吃了香蕉布丁是因为生日蛋糕毁了。故选A。
53．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.( Jordan从心爱的篮球退役，转而打棒球，这是多么令人痛心的事情，是什么促使他做出如此艰难的决定，让我感到惊讶。当我看着他脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，我看到他脱下了那层不再适合他的衣服，就像我们的蜥蜴一样。他们都没有选择那个改变了他们的时刻。但他们必须和自己生活在一起因为一切都变了。就像我们一样。我意识到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后)”以及最后一段“Jordan said that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we begin.( Jordan说，不管结局如何，都是以希望开始的。用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤，那是我们的起点)”可推知，作者在文章中提到The Last Dance是为了展开文章关于放手过去，重新开始的主题。故选C。
54．词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.(他们都没有选择那个改变了他们的时刻。但他们必须和自己生活在一起因为一切都变了。就像我们一样。我意识到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后)”可知，作者看着乔丹脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，意识到看到他放开了过去，把过去抛在脑后了。即画线词意思是“放开过去”。故选A。
55．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Humans do not shed skin as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw and nearly new.(人类不像其他动物那样容易蜕皮。变革的开始令人不安。这个过程很累人。伤害在我们准备好之前就改变了我们。我看到了我们生嫩的、几乎是全新的蜥蜴)”以及最后一段“Jordan said that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we begin.( Jordan说，不管结局如何，都是以希望开始的。用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤，那是我们的起点)”可推知，作者最有可能想告诉我们无论发生什么，我们都应该继续前进。故选C。
三、2020·天津·高考真题
（一）
How to Use a Modern Public Library
（2020·天津·高考真题）Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library If so, you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better. It’s been years since they were dusty little rooms with books. They have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business.
Check out a book. While libraries still loan out(出借)books, you’ll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you’re looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries. Via such networks, libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery vehicles. Once the book you’ve requested is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick it up.
Check out other items. The library is now a multimedia zone, loaded with information in many formats(载体形式). You can borrow movies on DVDs, music on CDs, and popular magazines. Some libraries even loan out toys and games. If a popular magazine you want isn’t offered and the library keeps a list of such requests, they may bring it in when enough interest is shown.
Join targeted reading groups. Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions targeted to various age groups. Perhaps you’d like to learn a language or improve your English. The library may sponsor a language group you could join. If you have difficulties reading, ask about special reading opportunities. Your library might be able to accommodate you. And you might find it relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book.
Start a business using the help of your local library. If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can become a launch space for it. In library books and computers, you can find information on starting a business. Many libraries will help you with locally supplied information about business management shared through chambers of commerce(商会)and government agencies, and they will offer printing, faxing and database services you need.
1．Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by______.
A．sharing their books on the Internet
B．giving access to online reading at a library branch
C．sending a needed book to a library branch nearby
D．making the checkout procedures diverse
2．According to Paragraph 3, what items may be checked out from a public library
A．A magazine and an e-book.
B．A game and an oil painting.
C．A music CD and a kid’s toy.
D．A DVD and a video player
3．As is described in Paragraph 4, taking a small kid to a half-hour Story Time allows ______.
A．the kid to learn a new language
B．the parent to enjoy quiet reading
C．the kid to overcome reading difficulties
D．the parent to meet their program sponsor
4．Your local library can help you start a business by ______.
A．providing relevant information and supporting services
B．offering professional advice on business management
C．supplying useful information of your potential buyers中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2020—2022年年高考英语真卷阅读理解汇总
天津卷（共十九篇）（原卷版）
一、2022·天津·高考真题
（一）
(2022·天津·高考真题) I’m an 18-year-old pre-medical student, tall and good-looking, with two short story books and quite a number of essays my credit. Why am I singing such praises of myself Just to explain that he attainment of self-pride comes from a great deal of self-love, and to attain it, one must first learn to accept oneself as one is. That was where my struggle began.
Born and raised in Africa，I had always taken my African origin as burden. My self-dislike was further fueled when my family had to relocate to Norway, where I attended a high pared to all the white girls around me, with their golden hair and delicate lips, I ,a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nose often had a thin sheet of sweat on it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted to bury myself in my shell crying “I’m so different!”
What also contributed to my self-dislike was my occasional stuttering (口吃), which had weakened my self-confidence. It always stood between me and any fine opportunity. I’d taken it as an excuse to avoid any public speaking sessions, and unknowingly let it rule over me.
Fortunately, as I grew older, there came a turning point. One day a white girl caught my eye on the school bus when she suddenly turned back. To my astonishment, she had a thin sheet of sweat on her nose too, and it was in November! “Wow,” I whispered to myself, “this isn’t a genetic(遗传的) disorder after all. It’s perfectly normal.” Days later, my life took an-other twist(转折). Searching the internet for stuttering cures, I accidentally learned that such famous people as Isaac Newton and Winston Churchill also stuttered. I was greatly relieved and then an idea suddenly hit me—if I’m smart, I shouldn’t allow my stuttering to stand between me and my success.
Another boost to my self-confidence came days later as I was watching the news about Oprah Winfrey, the famous talk show host and writer—she’s black too! Whenever I think of her story and my former dislike of my color, I’m practically filled with shame.
Today, I’ve grown to accept what I am with pride; it simply gives me feeling of uniqueness. The idea of self-love has taken on a whole new meaning for me: there’s always something fantastic about us, and what w need to do is learn to appreciate it.
1．What affected the author’s adjustment to her school life in Norway!
A．Her appearance
B．Social discrimination.
C．Her changing emotions.
D．The climate in Norway.
2．What did the author’s occasional stuttering bring about according on Paragraph 3
A．Her lack of self-confidence.
B．Her loss of interest in school.
C．Her unwillingness to greet her classmates.
D．Her desire for chances to improve herself.
3．How did the author feel on noticing the similarity between her and the girl on the bus
A．Blessed and proud.
B．Confused and afraid.
C．Amazed and relieved.
D．Shocked and ashamed.
4．What lesson did the author learn from the cases of Newton and Churchill
A．Great minds speak alike.
B．Stuttering is no barrier to success.
C．Wisdom counts more than hard work.
D．Famous people can’t live with their weaknesses.
5．What can best summarize the message contained in the passage
A．Pride comes before a fall.
B．Where there is a will, there is a way.
C．Self-acceptance is based on the love for oneself.
D．Self-love is key to the attainment of self-pride.
（二）
（2022·天津·高考真题）Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of changes. For most students, it’s the first time they’re living away from home and managing their own life. Not surprisingly, adapting to this new lifestyle can be challenging. The following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life.
Goal setting
When setting goals, whether they’re academic, career, or personal, re-member they should be attainable but not too easy, so that you really have to push yourself to achieve them, and feel rewarded when you do. Writing down your goals and breaking down each huge, long-term goal into smaller more practical ones can help make it feel more real, and writing out a plan for achieving it can give you a road map to success.
Interpersonal skills
At college, you will interact with fellow students, professors, librarians, and many others. Strong interpersonal skills will help you build relationships during this time, and get more out of them. If you feel that your interpersonal skills need some work, practice asking thoughtful questions and listening closely, develop your understanding by putting yourself in someone else’s shoes, and enhance your self-confidence.
Studying
With fewer in-class hours and more on-your-own learning, you’re required to really digest learning material rather than simply memorize facts. To be successful in college you’ll need to learn how to integrate large amounts of information obtained through reading, do research, and write papers. Organization is the key, so if you are not someone who is naturally organized, set up your study schedule.
Budgeting
Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many, it is at college that they develop it for the first time. Start by estimating your financial balance. Then give high priority to the expenses on basic needs and determine how much money to set aside every month to cover those costs. Don’t forget about savings…and the fun stuff(movies, dinners out), too.
6．Who is this passage most probably written for
A．College teachers.
B．University graduates.
C．High school teachers.
D．Would-be college students.
7．What is the author’s suggestion for reaching a huge goal
A．Divide it into smaller, more achievable ones.
B．Reward oneself for each goal one has set.
C．Purchase a clear, updated road map.
D．Push oneself to an upper level.
8．One of the suggested ways to enhance your interpersonal skills is to ________.
A．prepare complicated questions
B．try on someone else’s shoes
C．listen to others carefully
D．take advantage of others
9．What is the key to successful college study according to the author
A．Being well-organized.
B．Being well-informed.
C．Effective reading skills.
D．Reliable research methods.
10．To learn how to manage money, the first thing to do is________.
A．save money for financial investment
B．estimate one’s income and expenses
C．set aside money for fun activities
D．open a personal bank account
（三）
（2022·天津·高考真题）Ralph Emerson once said that the purpose of life is not to be happy, but to be useful, to be loving, to make some difference in he world. While we appreciate such words of wisdom, we rarely try to follow them in our lives.
Most people prefer to live a good life themselves, ignoring their responsibilities for the world. This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. A good life based on comfort and luxury may eventually lead to more pain be-cause we spoil our health and even our character, principles, ideals, and relationships.
What then, is the secret of a good life A good life is a process, not a state of being : a direction, not a destination. We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness. More importantly, we must know ourselves inside out. Only when we examine ourselves deeply can we discover our abilities and recognize our limitations, and then work accordingly to create a better world.
The first requirement for a good life is having a loving heart. When we do certain right things merely as a duty, we find our job so tiresome that we’ll soon burn out. However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling.
However, love alone is insufficient to lead a good life. Love sometimes blinds us to the reality. Consequently, our good intentions may not lead to good results. To achieve desired outcome, those who want to do good to others also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge. False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance. If love is the engine of a car knowledge is the steering wheel(方向盘). If the engine lacks power, the car can’t move; if the driver loses control of the steering, a road accident probably occurs. Only with love in heart and the right knowledge in mind can we lead a good life.
With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. When we see the impact of our good work on the world we give meaning to our life and earn lasting joy and happiness.
11．What effect does the narrow perception of a good life have on us
A．Making us simple-minded B．Making us short-signted.
C．Leading us onto a busy road. D．Keeping us from comfort and luxury.
12．According to the author, how can one gain true happiness
A．Through maintaining good health.
B．By going through pain and suffering.
C．By recognizing one’s abilities and limitations.
D．Through offering help much needed by others.
13．According to Paragraph 4, doing certain right things with a loving heart makes one________.
A．less selfish B．less annoying
C．more motivated D．more responsible
14．In what case may good intentions fail to lead to desired results
A．When we have wrong knowledge of the world.
B．When our love for the world is insufficient.
C．When we are insensitive to dangers in life.
D．When we stay blind to the reality.
15．According to Paragraph 5, life can be made truly good when ________.
A．inspired by love and guided by knowledge
B．directed by love and pushed by knowledge
C．purified by love and enriched by knowledge
D．promoted by love and defined by knowledge
（四）
（2022·天津·高考真题）Is it true that our brain alone is responsible for human cognition(认知) What about our body Is it possible for thought and behavior to originate from somewhere other than our brain Psychologists who study Embodied Cognition(EC) ask similar questions. The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure.
If you think about it for a moment, it makes total sense. When you smell something good or hear amusing sounds, certain emotions are awakened. Think about how newborns use their senses to understand the world around them. They don’t have emotions so much as needs—they don’t feel sad, they’re just hungry and need food. Even unborn babies can feel their mothers’ heartbeats and this has a calming effect. In the real world，they cry when they’re cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to as-sociate being warm with being loved.
Understandably, theorists have been arguing for years and still disagree on whether the brain is the nerve centre that operates the rest of the body. Older Western philosophers and mainstream language researchers believe this is fact, while EC theorises that the brain and body are working together as an organic supercomputer, processing everything and forming your reactions.
Further studies have backed up the mind-body interaction. In one experiment, test subjects(实验对象) were asked to judge people after being handed a hot or a cold drink. They all made warm evaluations when their fingertips perceived warmth rather than coolness. And it works the other way too; in another study, subjects’ fingertip temperatures were measured after being“included” in or “rejected” from a group task. Those who were included felt physically warmer.
For further proof, we can look at the metaphors(比喻说法) that we use without even thinking. A kind and sympathetic person is frequently referred to as one with a soft heart and someone who is very strong and calm in difficult situations is often described as solid as a rock. And this kind of metaphorical use is common across languages.
Now that you have the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it If you’re having a bad day,a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you’re physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions.
16．According to the author, the significance of the EC theory lies in ________.
A．facilitating our understanding of the origin of psychology
B．revealing the major role of the mind in human cognition
C．offering a clearer picture of the shape of human brain
D．bringing us closer to the truth in human cognition
17．Where does the new borns’ understanding of their surroundings start from
A．Their personal looks.
B．Their mental needs.
C．Their inner emotions.
D．Their physical feelings.
18．The experiments mentioned in Paragraph 4 further prove________.
A．environment impacts how we judge others
B．how body temperature is related to health
C．the mind and the body influence each other
D．how humans interact with their surroundings
19．What does the author intend to prove by citing the metaphors in Paragraph 5
A．Human speech is alive with metaphors.
B．Human senses have effects on thinking.
C．Human language is shaped by visual images.
D．Human emotions are often compared to natural materials.
20．What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph
A．To share with the reader ways to release their emotions.
B．To guide the reader onto the path to career success.
C．To encourage the reader to put EC into practice.
D．To deepen the reader’s understanding of EC．
二、2021·天津·高考真题
（一）
（2021·天津·高考真题）In the fictional worlds of film and TV, artificial intelligence （Al） has been described as so advanced that it is indistinguishable from humans. But what if we're actually getting closer to a world where Al is capable of thinking and feeling
Tech company UneeQ is heading for its "digital humans", which appear life like on the screen not only in terms of language, but also because of facial movements: raised eyebrows, a smile, even a nod. They look close to a human, but not quite.
What lies beneath UneeQ9 s digital humans Their 3D faces are modeled on actual human features. Speech recognition enables them to understand what a person is saying, and natural language processing is used to work out a response. Meanwhile, another Al company, Soul Machines, is taking a more biological approach, with a "digital brain", that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions "felt" and "expressed" by its "digital people".
Shiwali Mohan, an Al scientist at the Palo Research Center, is skeptical of these digital beings. "They're human like in their looks and the way they sound, but that in itself is not being human," she says. "Human qualities also involve how you think, how you approach problems, and how you break them down; and that takes a lot of algorithmic (算 法)design. Designing for human-level intelligence is a different attempt than designing images that behave like humans." She then continues, “If something looks like a human, we have high expectations of them, but they might behave differently in ways that humans just instinctively (直觉地)know how other humans react.
Yet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees across the financial, health care, and commercial sectors （行业）. "Unless these sectors make their business models much more efficient digitally, they might be left behind," says Chetan Dube, UneeQ9s CEO.
Some other companies are taking their digital beings a step further, enabling organizations and individuals to create digital humans themselves using free-access platforms they provide. "The biggest motivation for such platforms is to popularize Al," Dube says.
Mohan is cautious about this approach, yet she supports the purpose behind these digital beings and is optimistic about where they are headed. "As we develop more advanced Al technology, we would then have to use new ways of communicating with that technology,she says. "'Hopefully, all of that is designed to support humans in their goals."
21．According to Para. 2, in what respect（s） do UneeQ9s "digital humans" resemble human beings
A．In the way they move around.
B．In the way they act and react.
C．In observation and analysis.
D．In speech and facial expressions.
22．Soul Machines’digital brain is a technological breakthrough because it .
A．learns to make proper emotional responses
B．tends to imitate human beings' tone vividly
C．recognizes the speech sounds it receives
D．processes the natural language it hears
23．In Mohan's opinion, what human quality is lacking in digital beings
A．Calculating brain.
B．Language skills.
C．Instinctive judgements.
D．Problem-solving ability.
24．What makes many sectors employ digital humans
A．The fear of falling behind in efficiency.
B．The urgency to promote e-commerce.
C．The wish to spread digital technology.
D．The need to upgrade the health care system.
25．What does Mohan think of the future of digital beings
A．It's well planned.
B．It is promising.
C．It is uncertain.
D．It's quite hopeless.
（二）
（2021·天津·高考真题）Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful. Why, then, is art still so widely considered to be "the easy subject" at school, insignificant to wider society, a waste of time and effort
Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can; art generates money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities. When people attend a concert, they are paying for music, sure, maybe even hotel rooms, meals, and transport, but they also gain an incredible experience, a unique atmosphere and a memory that will go through the rest of their lives. People don't just want material things anymore, they want to experience life一the arts are a perfect crossover（交迭）between culture and commerce.
Furthermore, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel safer. Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion, and their expression of common values through artworks in honour of events significant to a nation's experience.
The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact on physical and psychological health. It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not; more engagement with the arts is linked to a higher level of people's well being. The Royal Society of Public Health discovered that music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure.
Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. Kids with preference for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future. Participating in the arts is essential for child development; encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.
Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human.
26．Art products differ from most other commercial products because .
A．most people purchase them for collection
B．they are more expensive and less accessible
C．they have both commercial and cultural values
D．their prices may climb up as time passes
27．By sharing their arts experiences, community members can .
A．keep the community safe from illnesses
B．develop a stronger tie between them
C．learn to appreciate their own works of art
D．offer honourable solutions to their problems
28．What can we learn about people who are involved in artistic activities
A．They enjoy better living conditions.
B．They like to compare themselves with others.
C．They are particularly good at both music and art.
D．They tend to be healthier physically and mentally.
29．How does kids' engagement with the arts benefit them
A．It promotes their academic performance and emotional growth.
B．It gives them more confidence in exhibiting their learning skills.
C．It inspires their creativity in designing their future career.
D．It helps to make responsible people out of them.
30．What is the best title for this passage
A．How Art Cures Our Hearts
B．Art: A Blessing to Humankind
C．How Art Benefits Communities
D．Art: A Bridge Between Cultures
（三）
（2021·天津·高考真题）When people ask me how I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need that I felt to work with language. Having said that, I did not know for a long time what I was looking for. It was not until I followed this feeling to its source that I discovered I had a passion for writing. With some encouragement from my colleagues, I had one of my poems published. This bit of success, however, was the point where my problem began.
Back in 1978, I had to travel between three different campuses in the morning, teaching freshman composition. Afternoons I spent taking my daughter to her ballet and horse-riding lessons. I composed my lectures on the way, and that was all the thinking time I had. When I returned home, there was not enough of me left for writing after a full working day.
As a way out, I decided to get up two hours before my usual time. My alarm was set for 5:00 A．M. The first day I shut it off because I had placed it within arm's reach. The second day I set two clocks, one on my night table, and one out in the hallway. I had to jump out of bed and run to silence it before my family was awoken. This was when my morning writing began.
Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many excuses for not writing. I wrote my poems in this manner for nearly ten years before my first book was published. When I decided to write a novel, I divided my two hours: the first for poetry, the second for fiction. Well or badly, I wrote at least two pages a day. This is how my novel, The Line of the Sun. was finished. If I had waited to have the time, I would still be waiting to write my novel.
What I got out of getting up in the dark to work is the feeling that I am in control. For many people, the initial sense of urgency to create easily dies away because it requires making the tough decision: taking the time to create, stealing it from yourself if ifs the only way.
31．What motivated the author to start her writing career
A．Her strong wish to share.
B．Her keen interest in writing.
C．Her urgent need to make a living.
D．Her passionate desire for fame.
32．What problem did the author face when she decided to begin her writing
A．She was too exhausted to write after a busy day.
B．She had trouble in deciding on her writing style.
C．She had to take time to discipline her daughter.
D．She was unsure about her writing skills.
33．Why did the author place an alarm clock in the hallway
A．In case the clock in her room broke down.
B．In case she failed to hear the ringing.
C．To force herself out of bed.
D．To wake up her family.
34．How did the author manage to finish her novel
A．By sticking to writing every morning.
B．By writing when her mind was most active.
C．By drawing inspirations from classic novels.
D．By reducing her teaching hours at school.
35．What can we learn from the author's success in her writing career
A．It is never too late to change your job.
B．Imaginative ideas die away if not taken in time.
C．A tight schedule is no excuse for lack of action.
D．Daily life provides ideas for creative writing.
（四）
（2021·天津·高考真题）There is something to be said for being a generalist, even if you are a specialist. Knowing a little about a lot of things that interest you can add to the richness of a whole, well-lived life.
Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. This requires commitment to a particular occupation, branch of study or research. The drawback to being specialists is we often come to know more and more about less and less. There is a great deal of pressure to master one's field. You may pursue training, degrees, or increasing levels of responsibility at work. Then you discover the pressure of having to keep up.
Some people seem willing to work around the clock in their narrow specialty. But such commitment can also weaken a sense of freedom. These specialists could work at the office until ten each night, then look back and realize they would have loved to have gone home and enjoyed the sweetness of their family and friends, or traveled to exciting places, meeting interesting people. Mastering one thing to the exclusion （排 除）of others can hold back your true spirit.
Generalists, on the other hand, know a lot about a wide range of subjects and view the whole with all its connections. They are people of ability, talent, and enthusiasm who can bring their broad perspective （视角）into specific fields of expertise （专长）.The doctor who is also a poet and philosopher is a superior doctor, one who can give so much more to his patients than just good medical skills.
Things are connected. Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas. Some of your interests may not appear to be connected but, once you explore their depths, you discover that they are. My editor Toni, who is also a writer, has edited several history books. She has decided to study Chinese history. Fascinated by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy. "I don't know where it will lead, but I'm excited I'm on this pursuit."
These expansions into new worlds help us by giving us new perspectives. We begin to see the interconnectedness of one thing to another in all aspects of our life, of ourselves and the universe. Develop broad, general knowledge and experience. The universe is all yours to explore and enjoy.
36．To become a specialist, one may have to_____.
A．narrow his range of knowledge
B．avoid responsibilities at work
C．know more about the society
D．broaden his perspective on life
37．The specialists mentioned in Paragraph 3 tend to______.
A．treasure their freedom
B．travel around the world
C．spend most time working
D．enjoy meeting funny people
38．According to the author, a superior doctor is one who_____.
A．is fully aware of his talent and ability
B．is a pure specialist in medicine
C．should love poetry and philosophy
D．brings knowledge of other fields to work
39．What does the author intend to show with the example of Toni
A．Passion alone does not ensure a person's success.
B．In-depth exploration makes discoveries possible.
C．Everyone has a chance to succeed in their pursuit.
D．Seemingly unrelated interests are in a way connected.
40．What could be the best title for the passage
A．Be More a Generalist Than a Specialist
B．Specialist or Generalist: Hard to Decide
C．Turn a Generalist into a Specialist
D．Ways to Become a Generalist
（五）
（2021·天津·高考真题）A trial project by the Montreal Children's Hospital suggested that the use of medical hypnosis(催眠)can reduce pain and anxiety in patients. The project also resulted in a reduction in the amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging imaging(医学影像) procedures.
“During the examination children don't move. It works perfectly. It's amazing,“ said Johanne L'Ecuyer, a medical-imaging technologist at the hospital.
The project was inspired by a French team from Rouen University Hospital Centre where examinations are done under hypnosis instead of general anesthesia(麻醉）.
A French medical-imaging technologist-also a hypnotist — was invited to train a few members in the medical-imaging department of the children's hospital. In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety.
Hypnosis is not a state of sleep: It is rather a modified(改变的)state of consciousness. The technologist will guide the patient to this modified state—an imaginary world that will disassociate itself more and more from the procedure that follows.
“The technologist must build up a story with the patient," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. "The patient is left with the power to choose what he wants to talk about. Do you play sports Do you like going to the beach We establish a subject that we will discuss throughout the procedure."
Everything that happens next during the procedure must be related to this story — an injection （注射）becomes the bite of an insect; the heat on the skin becomes the sensation of the sun and a machine that rings becomes a police car passing nearby.
“The important thing is that the technologist associates what is happening outside the patient's body with what the patient sees in his head," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. "It requires creativity on the part of the technologist, imagination, a lot of patience and kindness."
The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January. It spread like wildfire that someone from France was here to train the technologists," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. She added that she had a line of staff at her door wanting to take the training.
41．One of the results produced by the trial project is ________ .
A．a better understanding of children
B．less use of certain medicines
C．new medical-imaging technology
D．an improved reputation of the hospital
42．The French technologist came to the children's hospital to ________.
A．assist in treating a patient
B．carry out hypnosis training
C．start up a new department
D．learn about the procedure
43．According to Paragraph 5, hypnosis works by ________.
A．creating a perfect world for patients
B．forcing patients into a state of deep sleep
C．putting patients into an unconscious state
D．leading patients' consciousness away from reality
44．What can we learn about the story used in the procedure
A．It should keep pace with the procedure.
B．It reflects the patient's creativity.
C．It is selected by the technologist.
D．It tells what doctors are doing to the patient.
45．The procedure was received among the staff with ________.
A．uncertainty
B．enthusiasm
C．worry
D．criticism
46．What is the passage mainly about
A．An easy way to communicate with patients.
B．The standard method of conducting hypnosis.
C．An introduction of medical-imaging technology.
D．The use of hypnosis in medical-imaging procedures.
（六）
（2021·天津·高考真题）Job for You!
Family Alliance Meal DeliveryFamily Alliance is looking for people who can deliver hot Chinese meals one to two times a week for people with disabilities in north suburban Fairfield County. All applicants must have a driver's license and access to a car. Gas will be covered for each delivery.Working hours: 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. Tuesdays and Fridays For more information, contact Charles Chenat cchen@Or call 740-6668988 Lancaster DesignWe provide full furnishings, like donated kitchen equipment and furniture items, for the new homes of people who were oncehomeless. We need people who can work at our warehouse （仓库）sorting and packing items to be delivered to families, repair donated furniture and more. Candidates will be matched with a task based on skill set.Interested Submit your application towww.lancasterdesign.orgOr call 740-6119735
Lancaster WeeklyWould you like the opportunity to earn extra cash close to home If so we have a vacancy in our team which would suit you.Both adults and youngsters aged 13+ are required to deliver our newspaper. You may I have to cover some distance. Bicycles are available if needed.Working hours: 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. SaturdaysFor more informationCall 740-6538360 Parkview Nursing HomeCaregivers are wanted. We seek people who are patient and caring, and who have experience and interest in working with older adults.As part of the package, initial and follow-up training sessions are provided and accommodation is available if required.For more details, visit us at Unit 3 Park View LaneOr contact Ellen White at 740-6968399
47．Which job requires a driver's license A．Delivering meals.
B．Delivering newspapers.
C．Working at the warehouse.
D．Working at the nursing home.
48．Which of the following is TRUE about the Lancaster Design job
A．Applicants are expected to design furniture.
B．Work is arranged according to one's skill set.
C．It involves collecting furniture from homes.
D．It favors applicants who are homeless.
49．A middle-school student is most likely to be hired by.
A．Family Alliance Meal Delivery
B．Lancaster Design
C．Lancaster Weekly
D．Parkview Nursing Home
50．Which number should you call if you want to work with the elderly
A．740-6668988.
B．740-6119735.
C．740-6538360.
D．740-6968399.
（七）
（2021·天津·高考真题）About five weeks ago, I noticed the skin of our pet lizard was growing dusty. It worried me. I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.
I didn't think about it much until a morning last week when I knocked my favorite teapot off the table. It burst into hundreds of pieces. As I swept up the mess, I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the months.
The destruction started three months ago. It was my husband's birthday. He had just lost his job. The uncertainty was starting to wear on us, so I wanted to do something special.
“Let's make a cake for Dad!” I cried.
My kids screamed with joy. We baked, iced and sprinkled for most of the day. Candles on the cake! Balloons on the walls! Flowers on the table!
Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview, my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere. She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding for his birthday.
Three days ago, the light in our living room suddenly went out. After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful attempts to fix it, my husband suggested watching the Michael Jordan documentary series The Last Dance.
The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.
Humans do not shed skin as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw and nearly new.
Jordan said that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we begin.
51．What can we learn about the pet lizard from Paragraph 1
A．Its tank grew dirty. B．Its old skin came off.
C．It got a skin disease. D．It went missing.
52．Why did the author's husband have banana pudding for his birthday
A．The birthday cake was ruined. B．The author made good puddings.
C．Pudding was his favorite dessert. D．They couldn't afford a birthday cake.
53．Why does the author mention The Last Dance in the passage
A．To prove a theory. B．To define a concept.
C．To develop the theme. D．To provide the background.
54．The underlined part "leaving behind the layer" in Paragraph 8 can be understood as .
A．letting go of the past B．looking for a new job
C．getting rid of a bad habit D．giving up an opportunity
55．What does the author most likely want to tell us
A．Love of family helps us survive great hardships. B．It's not the end of the world if we break things.
C．We should move on no matter what happens. D．Past experiences should be treasured.
三、2020·天津·高考真题
（一）
How to Use a Modern Public Library
（2020·天津·高考真题）Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library If so, you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better. It’s been years since they were dusty little rooms with books. They have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business.
Check out a book. While libraries still loan out(出借)books, you’ll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you’re looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries. Via such networks, libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery vehicles. Once the book you’ve requested is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick it up.
Check out other items. The library is now a multimedia zone, loaded with information in many formats(载体形式). You can borrow movies on DVDs, music on CDs, and popular magazines. Some libraries even loan out toys and games. If a popular magazine you want isn’t offered and the library keeps a list of such requests, they may bring it in when enough interest is shown.
Join targeted reading groups. Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions targeted to various age groups. Perhaps you’d like to learn a language or improve your English. The library may sponsor a language group you could join. If you have difficulties reading, ask about special reading opportunities. Your library might be able to accommodate you. And you might find it relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book.
Start a business using the help of your local library. If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can become a launch space for it. In library books and computers, you can find information on starting a business. Many libraries will help you with locally supplied information about business management shared through chambers of commerce(商会)and government agencies, and they will offer printing, faxing and database services you need.
1．Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by______.
A．sharing their books on the Internet
B．giving access to online reading at a library branch
C．sending a needed book to a library branch nearby
D．making the checkout procedures diverse
2．According to Paragraph 3, what items may be checked out from a public library
A．A magazine and an e-book.
B．A game and an oil painting.
C．A music CD and a kid’s toy.
D．A DVD and a video player
3．As is described in Paragraph 4, taking a small kid to a half-hour Story Time allows ______.
A．the kid to learn a new language
B．the parent to enjoy quiet reading
C．the kid to overcome reading difficulties
D．the parent to meet their program sponsor
4．Your local library can help you start a business by ______.
A．providing relevant information and supporting services
B．offering professional advice on business management
C．supplying useful information of your potential buyers
D．arranging meetings with government officials
5．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To point out the importance of public libraries.
B．To encourage people to work in public libraries.
C．To introduce the improved services of public libraries.
D．To call for the modernization of public library systems.
（二）
（2020·天津·高考真题）After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together.
Together, these deep human urges (驱策力) count for much more that ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why Why Why ”
Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don’t have to be learned. We are born with them and need only recapture them.
“The great man,” said Mencius (孟子), “is he who does not lose his child’s heart.” Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.
Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.
How should you start Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn’t arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. How she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.
One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You haven’t any special ability Most people don’t; there are only a few geniuses. You haven’t any time That’s good, because it’s always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts ofUncle Tom’s Cabinwhile cooking. You’re too old Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.
However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you’ll never be more alive than you are at this moment.
6．In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ________.
A．propose a definition
B．make a comparison
C．reach a conclusion
D．present an argument
7．What does the example of Galileo tell us
A．Trial and error leads to the finding of truth.
B．Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious.
C．Creativity results from challenging authority.
D．Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.
8．What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent
A．Observe the unknown around you.
B．Develop a questioning mind.
C．Lead a life of adventure.
D．Follow the fashion.
9．What can we learn from Paragraphs 6 and 7
A．Gaining success helps you become an expert.
B．The genius tends to get things done creatively.
C．Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action.
D．You should remain modest when approaching perfection.
10．What could be the best title or the passage
A．Curious Minds Never Feel Contented
B．Reflections on Human Nature
C．The Keys to Achievement
D．Never Too Late to Learn
（三）
（2020·天津·高考真题）“They tell me that you’d like to make a statue(塑像) of me-is that correct, Miss Vinnie Ream ”
The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl. Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter, especially for a seventeen-year-old girl.
“Yes, sir,” she replied, her dark eyes meeting his. “I wouldn’t have duo ask you, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan to make it in an admirable manner. “
President Lincoln smiled. “Painters, sculptors-they’ve all tried to make the best of this ordinary face, but I’m afraid there’s not much hope. What did you have in mind, Miss Ream A bust(半身像) ”
Before Vinnie could say yes, the President hurried on, a shade of apology in his voice.
“Of course-I shouldn’t have asked. A full-length pose would be much too big a project for a young woman your size. “
Vinnie’s face turned red. She realized she looked like a child, with her tiny figure. “Small does not mean weak, sir,” she defended herself. “I was born in the country of Wisconsin. I’ve driven teams of horses and carried water. Making a full-length clay(粘土) figure would not exhaust my strength-and that is what I intend to do!”
The President’s eyes, brightened at her show of spirit. “Sorry, madam, I have underestimated you as I didn’t know your background.”
But his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bony fingers, in thought. “Miss Ream,” he sighed, “I’d like to let you do it, but as you know, we are in the middle of a war. How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now I hardly have a minute to myself.”
Vinnie glanced around and noted the size of his office. “I work quickly,” she said. Her voice was soft but confident as she pointed to the corner near the windows. “If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon, I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk.”
The President seemed to consider her idea seriously. He got up and shook Vinnie’s hand warmly, “I’ve heard that you are a talented young woman, and I have found you charming and intelligent as well. I cannot make my decision immediately, but you will hear from me soon.”
The very next day, Vinnie received an invitation from the President.
11．What gave Vinnie confidence to make her request of President Lincoln
A．Her aggressive personality.
B．Mr. Mills’s encouraging remark.
C．President Lincoln’s gentle voice.
D．Her interest in a challenging job.
12．How did President Lincoln first respond to Vinnie’s request
A．Pleased.
B．Thrilled.
C．Regretful.
D．Doubtful.
13．Vinnie confirmed her ability to make a full-length statue by highlighting ______.
A．her experience from other projects
B．her innocent childhood in the country
C．the heavy labor she had done before
D．the skill she picked up in Wisconsin
14．Vinnie wanted to choose the corner near the windows to ______.
A．achieve effects of natural lighting
B．keep all her tools within easy reach
C．observe the President at a right angle
D．avoid disturbing the president’s work
15．What message does the story convey
A．A strong-willed soul can reach his goal.
B．Experience helps to promote excellence.
C．Ups and downs make one strong.
D．Devotion requires enthusiasm.
（四）
（2020·天津·高考真题）For people, who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is definitely making noise. In the past, sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios, but many of today’s sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound.
Sound can be used as a weapon. Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief. The thief tries to escape. And the officer can’t let him get away. He pulls out a special device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on. The thief drops to the ground. This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device(LRAD, 远程定向声波发射器). It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person. The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travels only into the ears of that person, but it is not deadly.
For those who hunger for some peace and quiet, sound can now create silence. Let’s say you are at the airport, and the little boy on the seat next to you is humming(哼唱) a short commercial song. He hums it over and over again, and you are about to go crazy. Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. One may wonder how the Silence Machine works. Well, it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves. The two sets of waves cancel each other out. Simply turn the machine or point it at the target, and your peace and quiet comes back.
Directed sound is a new technology that allows companies to use sound in much the same way spotlights(聚光灯) are used in the theater. A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly, “spotsound” creates a circle of sound in on targeted area. This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers. Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining. Directed sound is also beginning to appear in shopping centers and even at homes.
16．What could be inferred from Paragraph 2 about the effect of the LRAD
A．It causes temporary hearing loss.
B．It slows down a running man.
C．It makes it easy to identify a suspect.
D．It keeps the suspect from hurting others.
17．The Silence Machine is a device specially designed to ________.
A．silence the people around you
B．remove the sound of commercials
C．block the incoming sound waves
D．stop unwanted sound from affecting you
18．What feature do spotsounds and spotlights share
A．They travel in circles.
B．They clear the atmosphere.
C．They can be transformed into energy.
D．They can be directed onto a specific area.
19．Directed sound can be used for ________.
A．creative designs of restaurant menus
B．ideal sound effects on the theater stage
C．different choices of music for businesses
D．strict control over any suspicious customer
20．What does the passage focus on
A．How professionals invented sound products.
B．Inventions in the field of sound technology.
C．The growing interest in the study of sound.
D．How sound engineers work in their studios.
（五）
（2020·天津·高考真题）One of the most stressful days of Susan McFrederick’s life was watching her son get wheeled away for surgery hours after he was born in 2011.
But after the operation, Susan burst into tears for a different reason: across the cut on their newborn sons back was a sweet winter scene, hand-drawn on his bandages（绷带）.
“There were rolling hills of snow, a pine tree and a snowman with a hat and broom, she recalled. It was extremely touching and comforting to know that somebody had taken the time to do that for my family. It was a moment I'll never forget.”
Susan soon learned the artist was her sons surgeon, Robert Parry, who discovered another way to use his hands in the mid-1980 s during his internship（实习期）at children's medical center. where he saw one of his colleagues cut out heart and shark shapes to decorate children’s bandages.
“My first reaction was, 'What is he doing Hey, that’s kind of neat,’ ” Parry recalled. “I especially liked the reactions of the parents and the patients when they saw his artwork. The smiles took everyone's attention from the surgery. Then I decided to follow suit.”
Parry quickly graduated from his early hearts and sharks, and started to surprise families with drawings that captured young patients' personalities. From Snoopy to Spider-Man and bears to butterflies, there isn’t much he hasn’t drawn. Most kids want superheroes sports team logos or princesses, while babies often receive scenes with flowers trees and sea creatures During the last 30 years, Parry estimates he has left examples of his handiwork over the stitches（伤口缝线） of more than 10, 000 children.
“During a time of stress for families, it's nice to be able to help them smile and laugh," Parry said. This is something positive that I can do for them, which is what I like most about it.”
For Parry, the reward is knowing he hopefully made a difference in a child’s life, and except for his drawings on bandages, they can go on and live their lives and never know I was in it.” he said.
He's not ready to retire, but he's found a new hobby to keep his hands skillful in the years to come.
“I've taken up knitting（编织）,” Parry said. “Hats, sweaters, gloves---I enjoy it all. But mostly, I enjoy giving everything away.”
21．Susan burst into tears after her baby's operation because she was__________.
A．moved B．amused
C．stressed D．heartbroken
22．How did Parry get the idea of decorating children's bandages
A．He was motivated by his patients.
B．He was inspired by his colleague.
C．He was required to learn the skill during his internship.
D．He was encouraged by Susan to show his genius for art.
23．Parry's artworks during the last 30 years show that he__________.
A．devoted himself more to art than to medicine.
B．knew more about his patients than their parents.
C．took into consideration the tastes of individual patients.
D．created a large number of works beyond his expectations.
24．What does Parry expect to achieve with his artworks
A．To get a reward from the artistic circle.
B．To win the admiration of his colleagues.
C．To make a difference in his dull medical career.
D．To lift the spirits of his patients and their parents.
25．What can we learn about Parry from the last two paragraphs of the passage
A．He is eager to show others his new skills.
B．He enjoys trying new ways to help others.
C．He is looking forward to life after retirement.
D．He is more interested in knitting than drawing.
（六）
（2020·天津·高考真题）Studying a subject that you feel pointless is never a fun or easy task. If you're studying history, asking yourself the question "why is history important "is a very good first step. History is an essential part of human civilization. You will find something here that will arouse your interest, or get you thinking about the significance of history.
History grounds us in our roots. History is an important and interesting field of study, and learning the history of our home country can give us a deeper, more meaningful glimpse（一瞥）into our ancestral pasts, and how we got to where we are today. Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural belonging, which is something that studying your roots and being open-minded to the evolution of your culture can provide.
History enriches our experience. Reading history is an amazing experience because it enables us to reflect on the social and economic life of the people living long time ago According to the experts, problems faced by people regardless of the past and present are the same. With the information about the ancestors, one can become more experienced in handling challenges of life.
History makes us more empathetic（具有共情能力的）, Studying history can give us insight （洞察力）into why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into what we know now. It also provides a rather strong foundation for empathy across cultures. Fear and hate for others is usually caused by ignorance （无知）. We're scared of the things that we don't understand. History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.
History can inspire us to learn more. what's fantastic about history is the way it broadens our horizons. It's almost impossible to learn about one historical period without having dozens of questions about related concepts. Study the 19th century England, and you might catch a glimpse of Charles Dickens' Oliver Twist. Look up Charles Dickens, and you might learn a thing or two about realism. Or maybe you end up switching your attention away from novels, and discover the history of romantic poets in England. It can go anywhere, and there is something in there for absolutely anybody.
The value of history cannot be underestimated. We don't have to live in the past, but we can definitely do better by learning from it and using the lessons learnt to lead more meaningful lives.
26．The underlined part "where we are today" in Para. 2 probably means __________.
A．the turning point in our history
B．the present state of our nation
C．the location of our homeland
D．the total area of our country
27．According to the experts, why is history useful for people to handle challenges of life
A．The problems at present are similar to those in the past.
B．Ancient people laid economic foundations for people today.
C．The current challenges of life were predicted by the ancestors.
D．People living long time ago knew more about how to solve problems.
28．What can be concluded from Para.4
A．It is difficult to get rid of cultural barriers.
B．People are willing to accept foreign cultures.
C．Cultural conflicts in history are difficult to ignore.
D．History helps us improve our cross-cultural awareness.
29．With the example in Para.5, the writer intends to show that______________.
A．Charles Dickens contributes much to British literature.
B．Oliver Twist can satisfy our curiosity for romantic poets.
C．reading novels is a way to learn about a historical period.
D．studying history can arouse people's interest in other fields.
30．What could be the best title for the passage
A．How to Build Cultural Identity
B．Why Studying History Matters
C．Know the Past, Know the Present
D．History: a Way to Broaden Horizons
（七）
（2020·天津·高考真题）Your student ID card identifies you as a student at the University of Bolton. It will provide you with access to University facilities such as University Libraries, Sports Centre, and Computing Services. Please carry your card with you at all times. Do not lose your card or lend it to others. Your card is valid during the whole time of your studies. It remains the property（财产）of the University of Bolton at all times.
New students—photographs
You will be requested to upload a passport sized photograph as part of the online registration process. This should be a jpg file with a size of no more than 1 MB．Your photograph should be a portrait image in proportion（比例）to a 6"×4" portrait photograph. It should be taken in colour and must not have been beautified with image filters（滤光镜）.
Your student ID card will be provided to you by your department during Welcome Week. Please be aware that you will not receive this smart card during Welcome Week if you do not upload your image online by 4 September 2020.
Replacement cards
If your student ID card no longer works or has been damaged, or if you have changed your personal or programme details, you should call into the Student Administration Centre （SAC） to request a new one. Please ensure that you bring your existing card with you. Your replacement card will be produced free of charge.
If your card has been reported to the Police as stolen, please also call into the SAC to request a replacement, bringing with you a copy of your Police Crime Report paperwork. Your card will be produced free of charge.
If your card has been lost, a fee of ￡5 is charged for the production of a replacement card. You are requested to use our online payment service.
Note: Replacement cards will be available for you to collect seven working days after making the request. As a security measure, you are requested to collect your card in person at the SAC．
31．Which of the following is a function of the student ID card
A．To remind students to protect public property.
B．To enable students to use resources in the library.
C．To help students demonstrate their computer skills.
D．To provide information about campus facilities.
32．To meet the requirements of the photograph on the student ID card, a new student should upload__________.
A．an image saved as a PDF file.
B．a colour picture of their passport.
C．a photo beautified by a photographer.
D．a portrait photograph of proper proportion.
33．In which case does a student have to pay for the replacement of the student ID card
A．The theft of the card has been officially proved.
B．The card holder has changed his or her major.
C．The card dropped off into a lake by accident.
D．The card fails to work properly.
34．To collect your replacement card, you should___________.
A．fetch it at the SAC personally
B．go through a security check first
C．call the police station in advance
D．wait for seven days before getting it.
（八）
（2020·天津·高考真题）Transport has a lot to answer for when it comes to harming the planet. While cars and trains are moving towards greener, electric power, emissions from air travel are expected to increase massively by 2050. If we want big green sky solutions, we need blue sky thinking Fortunately, there's plenty of that happening right now, particularly the short-haul flights powered by batteries.
Harbour Air is the largest seaplane airline in North America, flying 30, 000 commercial flights in 40 seaplanes each year. Significantly, all Harbour Air routes last less than 30 minutes, making it perfectly fit for electric engines. “As an airline, we're currently in the process of turning all our planes into electric airplanes. says CEO Greg Mc Dougall. To make this happen, the airline has partnered up with MagniX to create the worlds first commercial flight with an electric engine.
Making the skies electric isn't just good for the environment, it also makes sound financial sense: a small aircraft uses $400 on conventional fuel for a 100-mile flight, while an electric one costs $8-12 for the same distance, and that's before you factor in the higher maintenance costs of a traditional engine. There's also the added bonus that electric planes are just much more pleasant to fly in. No loud engine noise, no smell of fuel, just environmentally friendly peace and quiet.
While there has been real progress in the e-plane industry, the technical challenges that remain are keeping everyone's feet firmly on the ground. A battery, even a lithium one, only provides 250 watt-hours per kilogram; compare this to liquid fuel, which has a specific energy of 11, 890 watt-hours per kilogram. Carrying adequate batteries, however, would make the plane too heavy to get off the ground. In aircraft, where every bit of weight counts, this can't just be ignored.
The transition （过渡） from gas to electric in the automobile industry has been made easier by hybrids-vehicles powered by both fuel and electricity. Many believe the same pattern could be followed in the air. Fuel consumption could be reduced as the electric component is switched on at key parts of the journey, especially on take-off and landing.
It's certainly an exciting time for electric flying. With companies like Harbour Air taking the lead, battery-powered planes, especially on short-haul journeys, are set to become a reality in the next few years.
35．According to Para. l, what is happening in air transport
A．New explorations of the sky are being launched.
B．Pollution caused by batteries is being controlled.
C．Efforts are being made to make air travel greener.
D．Demand for short-haul flights is increasing massively.
36．Why is Harbour Air fit for electric flights
A．It runs short route
B．It has a strong partner.
C．Its planes can land on the sea.
D．It has planes with powerful engines.
37．The expression "added bonus" refers to the fact that electric planes___________.
A．give passengers more pleasant views
B．bring airlines more financial benefits
C．offer more enjoyable flying experiences
D．cost less in maintenance than traditional ones
38．What might be the biggest challenge of electric flying
A．To improve the ground service for e-planes.
B．To find qualified technicians for e-plane industry.
C．To calculate the energy needed to power e-planes.
D．To balance power and weight of batteries in e-planes.
39．What could be done during the transition from gas to electric in air flight
A．To produce new electric components.
B．To increase battery consumption.
C．To use mixed-power technology.
D．To expand the landing field.
40．What is the author's attitude towards the prospect of electric flying
A．Short-sighted.
B．Wait-and-see.
C．Optimistic.
D．Skeptical.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

展开更多......

收起↑