资源简介

2023年初中英语语法之并列句语法讲解及练习
英语学习的过程中，单词和语法是学习的重中之重。由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子叫并列句。
知识要点：
1. 并列句：由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子叫并列句。
2. 并列句的基本句型：简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句
3. 并列句的类型：
1) 并列关系(联合关系)。连接词：and, not only…but (also), neither…nor等
例句：I help him and he helps me.
我帮助他，他也帮助我。
Not only did we write to her but also we telegraphed her.
我们不仅给她写信而且还给她发了电报。
Neither I would consult him nor he would ask me for advice.
我不想与他商量，他也不会征求我的.意见。
2) 转折关系。连接词：but, yet, still, while, however, when等
例句：He failed many times, but he didn’t despair.
他失败多次但并没有气馁。
She has difficulty in learning English, however, she works hard and is making rapid progress.
她学习英语有困难，然后她学习努力，进步很快。
3) 选择关系。连接词：or, otherwise or else, either…or
例句：We must hurry, or we’ll miss the train.
我们必须快点，否则会赶不上火车。
Either you come to my place or I go to yours.
或者你到我这儿来，或者我到你那去。
4) 因果关系。连接词：for, so, thus, therefore, and so
例句：We had better stay at home, for it was raining.
我们最好呆在家里，因为天正在下雨。
He didn’t work hard, therefore he failed in the examination.
他学习不努力，因此这次考试不及格。
有时也可不用连词，而用逗号，分号或冒号。如：
Hurry up, it’s getting dark.
快点，天要黑了。
Let’s start early, we have a long way to go.
我们要早动身，因为路很远。
注意：
(1) yet和still是连接副词，也叫半连接词。它们是副词。又起连接作用，但不如and, but, or等强，用了yet或still，前面还可加and或but。
He is tired, (but) still he will make another experiment. 他很累，但他仍然要做另一个实验。
I got up very early, (and) yet I failed to catch the first bus. 我起得很早，然而还是没有赶上头班车。
(2) while意义相当于at the same time表示相反和对照，常用来连接两个意义对立的分句。
I like football, while my sister likes basketball. 我喜欢足球，而我姐姐喜欢篮球。
when = and then, just then或at that time, during the time.
We were ready to rush away, when the snake moved. 我们正准备离开，这时蛇移动了。
while和when作为并列连词使用时常是放在第二个分句前边，并有逗号和第一分句隔开。
(3)for表示附加或推断的理由、原因。therefore比so更正式，and so比较口语化。
具体用法：
由并列连词连接、含有两个或更多主谓结构的句子叫并列句。
一、表示转折对比关系的并列连词
1. but 但是，可是，而，却
连接两个简单句，有时句中某些词可以省略；连接两个并列成分，可以放在一个句子的句首，后面不接逗号。
例：I hope you don't mind me asking, but where did you buy those shoes
2. yet 但是；尽管如此
可连接两个句子，用逗号分开，也可在yet前加and，还可以放在一个句子的句首。
例：The car is old, yet it is in good condition. 这辆车旧了，但车况很好。
3. while 而，但是，可是，却
while作连词用时，可表示对比或转折关系。
例：I do every single bit of housework while my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.
二、表示因果关系的并列连词
1. for 因为
由并列连词for引导的分句常置于句子后部,而且常用逗号与前面的分句隔开。for分句主要是对前一分句补充说明理由或推断原因。for分句不能用来回答why问句。
例：I did my best not to show pleasure, but what I was feeling was pure happiness, for my words had the power to make people laugh.
2. so 因此
可以连接两个句子，中间有时用逗号隔开；也可在so前加and；还可以放在一个句子的句首。
例：The shop doesn't open until 11 a.m., so it loses a lot of business.
三、表示选择关系的连词or
or连接并列成分时，意为“或者，还是”；用于否定句中，意为“也不”，这时不宜用and；还有“否则，要不然”之意，相当于otherwise。
例：Would you like a cup of coffee or shall we get down to business right away
四、表示并列关系的并列连词
1. and 和，同，与，又，并且
例：Stand over there and you'll be able to see it better.
2. not only... but also... 不仅……而且
例：Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.
3. neither... nor... 既不……也不
例：They worked neither for fame nor for personal gains. 他们工作一不为名，二不为利。
4. both... and... 既……又
例：A man should have both courage and wisdom. 人既要有勇气又要有智慧。
五、其他并列连词
1. not... but... 不是……而是
It was not the bones of an animal but of a human being. 这不是一只动物的骨头，而是人的骨头。
2. rather than 而不是；与其……宁愿
Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle.
3. when 正当那时，相当于and at that time
Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park when she was bitten on the leg by a lion.
复合句中常见的并列复合句用法简述
复合句（Compound Sentence）分为并列复合句和主从复合句，并列复合句由并列连词and、or、but连接；从属复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。
以下是几种常见的并列复合句：
表示在两者之间选择一个，常用的连接词有or，otherwise，either…or…等，前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系，若第一个分句是祈使句，那么第二个分句用将来时。
Give me your wallet or I will kill you.
把你的钱包给我，不然我会杀了你。
表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折，常用的连接词有but，yet，still，however等，前后分句时态保持一致。
I ask him when we'll go to the zoo,but he doesn't know.
我问他我们什么时候去动物园，但是他说不知道。
用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…等，and所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系，若第一个分句是祈使句，那么第二个分句用将来时；
The policeman looked at me suspiciously, and he asked me what I wanted.
那警察用怀疑的眼光看着我，问我要什么。
Turn off the TV and I will do my homework.
关上电视，我要做作业了。
并列复合句是由两个独立的分句组合在一起的复合句，其中最重要的一个知识点就是前后分句在时态上要保持一致，若第一个分句是祈使句，那么第二个分句用将来时。并列复合句难度不大，还望同学们认真学习。
专项训练：
1.Some are reading magazines,______ others are playing cards.
A．or B．for C．so D．while
2.We must get up early tomorrow.______ we’ll miss the first bus to the Great Wall.
A．so B．or C．but D．however
3.——I don’t like chicken ______ fish.
——I don’t like chicken,______ I like fish very much.
A．and, and B．and, but C．or, and D．or, but
4.We want ______ high speed ______ good quality.
A．both, and B．either, or C．neither, nor D．not, but also
5.In spring it is ______ hot ______ cold here.
A．both, and B．either, or C．neither, nor D．not only, but
6.______ does he writes well, ______ he also speaks well.
A．Not only, but B．Not, but C．Either, or D．Both, and
7.Use your head, ______ you’ll work it out.
A．so B．or C．and D．for
8.I want to buy the jacket, ______ I have not enough money with me.
A．but B．so C．or D．for
9.______ you ______ I am going to help Tom.
A. Either, or B. Not, but C．Not only, and D．Each, and
10.The soldier was wounded, ______ he pushed on.
A．for B．and C．so D．yet
答案:
1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.A 10.D

展开更多......

收起↑