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(共48张PPT)
Unit 3 Sea Exploration
Reading and Thinking
Reading and Thinking
REACHING OUT ACROSS THE SEA
跨海越洋
He was the first European to describe the geography, society and customs of China through personal experience. Many of the places he wrote in his book were unheard of by Europeans before, so his book was indeed a unique work in the 13th century, and greatly inspired European explorers.
Marco Polo
History and Facts
From 1405 to 1433, He went on seven trips and visited South-East Asia, the Middle East and even the east coast of Africa.
郑和
Atlantic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Indian Ocean
Asia
Europe
Africa
Oceania
North America
South America
Pacific Ocean
the Cape of Good Hope
the Spice Islands
India
Americas
Spain
He (1451-1506) made four trips across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain: in 1492, 1493, 1498 and 1502. He was determined to find a direct water route west from Europe to Asia, but he never did. Instead, he stumbled upon(偶然发现) the Americas.
Christopher Columbus
Atlantic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Indian Ocean
Asia
Europe
Africa
Oceania
North America
South America
Pacific Ocean
the Cape of Good Hope
the Spice Islands
Spain
He(1480-1521) sailed west from Spain in 1519 across the Atlantic and Pacific oceans and discovered a route by which ships could sail a complete circle around the world. The Straits of Magellan , located at the Southern tip of South America are named for him.
Ferdinand Magellan
Introduction to the topic:
China’s reaching out across the sea
Para. 1
Para. 2-3
Para. 4-5
Para. 6
In the past
At present
In the future
Time Order
How Chinese people have conducted sea explorations over time.
What type is this essay
A. Narrative essay
B. Descriptive essay
C. Expository essay
D. Argumentative essay
① Narrative : a story with a beginning + middle + end.
② Descriptive : a subject + interesting details
③ Expository : a subject+ factual information
④ Argumentative : an idea + to convince the reader
Match the main idea of each paragraph.
Read for main idea.
Para.1　 A.China will continue to explore the sea and
enhance relationships with other countries.
Para.2 B. Travel from east to west began long before
Columbus.
Para.3 C. In ancient times, travel east to west was on
the Silk Road.
Para.4 D. Zheng He’s sea voyages built relations with
other countries.
Para.5 E. The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road
Para.6 F. China's participation in some important
projects.
Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's
greatest achievements. To complete the
great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early
civilisations.
不定式做主语
Marco Polo's tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east. However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years
before Columbus first did.
Time
Region
Significance
India
Rome
the Middle East
Overland Silk Road
Para.2
Xi’an
Ceylon
centred around ...
was extended along the coasts of...
Para. 2
Time in ancient times
Region India, the Middle East, Rome, the coasts of the Indian Ocean and Sri Lanka
Significance
negotiate trade deals, cultural awareness
In ancient times, silk from China
found its way overland to India, the
Middle East, and Rome, along what
became known as the Silk Road.
find one’s way to... 找到...的路
陆路的adj./adv.
宾从
作为...而闻名
= the road which
1. He has got what he wants .
2. The girl is no longer what she used to be.
3.After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.
从句中作宾语
从句中充当表语
从句中充当主语
表示“……的人或的样子
表示“……的东西或事情”
表示“……的时间”
似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。
4. In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America.
1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。
表示“……的地方”
从句中充当主语
I was amazed by the size of Zheng He’s treasure ship.
What amazed me was the
size of Zheng He’s treasure
ship.
Zheng He was born in the region which is now Yunnan province to Muslim parents.
用what 引导的名词性从句改写句子。
Zheng He was born in what is now Yunnan province to
Muslim parents.
A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon(now Sri Lanka).
过去分词做后置定语
Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more
awareness of each other's cultures. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century.
正如，好像
Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century.
5
as recorded 是过去分词作方式状语，是as (it is ）recorded 的省略。
用于此句式的这类动词，多是“计划，想象，预料，叙述，描述，提及，说及，显示，指出”之类的词，常见的还有：
as expected 正如预料的那样
as imagined 正如想象的那样
as arranged/planned 正如计划的那样
as seen from above 正如从上述看的那样
as said before正如说过的（那样）
as mentioned 正如提到的（那样）
Practice :
1. This explanation turned out to be a mess __________________.
这个解释如所预料的变成了一团糟。
2. The building of the new bridge will go ahead______________.
新桥的修建将会按计划进行。
as expected
as planned
3. _____________ in tales,a mermaid is a beautiful
woman with a fish tail.
按照故事里描写的，美人鱼是长着鱼尾巴的美丽女子。
As described
ACT 3 Read Para. 3
①What was the purpose of reaching out across the sea in this period
②Draw the route of Zheng He's fleets.
③What effects did reaching out across the sea in the past have on the world
Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league
of their own at that time.
2 These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time.
译文：这些船队在当时蔚为壮观，独领风骚。
分析：behold意为“目睹；看见”。a sight to behold意思是“壮观的景象”。
类似的表达还有a joy/pleasure/wonder to behold。如：
The Great Wall is a wonder to behold. 长城看上去令人惊叹。
be in a league of one’s own的意思相当于be much better than the rest，
league此处表示“水平；等级”。
Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast
of Africa.
红海口
command 的用法：
1 ）用作名词n. 命令，指挥；司令部，指挥部；[计算机]指令；控制力)
The army is under the king's direct command.
军队由国王直接统帅。
under one’s command
under the command of sb
由……指挥/统帅
He has a good command of French.
他的法文很好。
have a good command of
精通/擅长......
TMr. Baker would take command of the campaign. 贝克先生将负责这次运动。
take command of
控制
2） command用作动词： vt. 指挥，控制，命令；命令 vi. 给出命令；命令，指令；
command 后接宾语从句时，需用虚拟语气：sb. +（should）+动词原形。
同义转换：
I command him to go at once.
I command that__________________.
he (should) go at once
the South China Sea
the Indian Ocean
the mouth of the Red Sea
the east coast of Africa
Para.3
African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of
friendship in return for gold, silk, and spices.
③What effects did reaching out across the sea in the past have on the world
Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these
land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.
探险；远征；考察
①What’s the relationship among “ancient see routes”, “the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road” and” Belt and Road Initiative”
②What's the purpose of the Belt and Road Initiative
To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng
He are being revisited with the 21st
Century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
一带一路倡议
The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come.
在未来几年里
China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes, which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future
trade and cultural exchange.
为了...的利益
交换；交流
What do you think is the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative
What benefits can the Belt and Road Initiative bring
ACT 5 Read Para.5 and answer：
Why has China joined other nations to explore Arctic
China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled
many times, there are still many other places left to explore.
走遍；行进；长途行走
In recent years, China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. From a scientific
point of view, there is an urgent need to
study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
观点；考虑角度
there is a need to do sth.
有必要做某事
Now the advantage to reach out across the sea is
that we have done it for hundreds of years
that we have advanced technology
The need to trade
the desire to enhance relationship
Why do we still need to reach out the sea in the future
√
Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to
trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach
out across the sea far into the future.
数百年过去了
在手头；可供使用
at hand
at first hand
by hand
hand in hand
在附近；近在手边
亲自；第一手
用手工
手拉手
提高;增强
v.迫使；驱使
drive sb. to do sth.
驱使某人做某事
分析：（2）单词reach用作不及物动词时，意为“延伸；传到”。此外，它还可以表示“（手脚等）伸出”，或“（如伸手攫取般地）努力争取”。本句中reach out across the sea into the future形象地表现了中国促进贸易、增进与周边国家友好关系的愿望，以及以此为内驱力努力争取在海洋探索中奋进的信念。使用reach不及物动词的用法，配合介词短语营造文字意境的表达还有：
The old soldier’s memory reaches back over years.
老兵的记忆跨越岁月回到久远的往昔。
Reading
Fill in the table with the correct names
Name Description
The name of the trade route between China and the West
Its kings sent gifts such as giraffes to China
An area currently being explored for scientific reasons
A destination of silk and a major European capital
the Silk Road
African royal families
the Arctic
Rome
Name Description
The modern country name for Ceylon
The historical period when China expanded maritime exploration to other regions
The author of Record of My Travels
The commander of the seven fleets
The person who wrote stories that inspired European explorers
Sri Lanka
the Ming Dynasty
Du Huan
Zheng He
Marco Polo
Reading
Fill in the table with the correct names

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