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黑龙江省2021年英语高考模拟卷（2）
一、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30 分）
1．（2018高二上·宿州期末）阅读理解
A new study says electronic toys are not helping babies learn.
"Even if companies are marketing them as educational, they're not teaching the babies anything at this time," said Anna Sosa the study's author.
Researchers listened to audio(声音的) recordings of parents playing with their babies aged 10 months to 16 months. The researchers compared the experiences when the children played with electronic toys, traditional toys such as blocks, or when the children looked at books. What they found is that parents talked less with their babies when the babies played with electronic toys.
Why is this important Research shows that how quickly children develop language is often based on what they hear from parents. When the infants played with electronic toys, parents said little to their children. But with traditional toys, such as blocks, parents shared the names and descriptions of the animals, colors and shapes as their children played. There was even more information given by parents as their babies looked at the pictures in books.
Of course, there is no need for parents to throw out electronic toys, but they should look at their infants' play with such toys as entertainment, not a learning experience.
Toy Industry Association spokeswoman Adrienne Appell responded to the study. She said it is important that parents make time to play with their children. "Playing is a way that kids can learn so much, not only cognitive(认知的) skills, but social and developmental skills," she said. She added that play should be balanced, including time for just "make believe" activities, as well as traditional and electronic toys.
（1）What's Anna Sosa's attitude towards companies claiming that their toys are educational
A．supportive B．indifferent C．uninterested D．doubtful
（2）We can learn from the text that babies in the research ________.
A．liked traditional toys better than electronic toys
B．interact less with their parents when playing with electronic toys
C．talked little with their parents when playing with electronic toys
D．listened to audio recordings of their parents
（3）Children develop language more quickly when their parents ________.
A．read them picture books often B．teach them how to speak
C．buy them a lot of toys D．throw away their electronic toys
（4）According to Adrienne Appell, playing ________.
A．can't take the place of learning
B．shouldn't take most of children's time
C．is good to children's overall development
D．can't develop children's cognitive skills
2．（2018高二上·宾川月考）阅读理解
“To another little girl.”
That's what 3-year-old Ariana of Winterport, Maine, said when her father Josh Smith asked where her donated (捐赠的) hair was going to go. It was then that the dad of two realized his young daughter had a heart that was too big for words.
“I run a charity called Extra Life where I play video games to help raise money for kids,” he said. “Ariana happened to be sitting next to me when a video was playing, showing a little girl who was bald(秃顶的), lying in a hospital bed with tubes in her.” When their daughter got curious, Smith and his wife Crystal explained how medicine was what made the child in the video lose her hair.
“Without a second thought, Ariana said, 'She can have some of my hair,'” Smith said. “That's when my wife told me that there are many organizations that we could donate it to.” The Smiths chose “Locks of Love” to send Ariana's generous gift to a child with medical hair loss.
A week later, Ariana was taken to the family hairdresser where 10 inches was cut from her hair.
“It was her first haircut,” Smith told ABC News. “She can be so selfless like that. Her first reaction is 'How about me giving up something that I have, so a little girl can feel pretty '” Smith posted his daughter's moving gesture on his personal webpage, where it has received almost 645,000 views in just two days.
“She'll take an adult-like approach and it's really amazing,” Smith said. “She is just a little kid, but if she sees somebody in need, she certainly cares for them. This made Ariana feel special and she'd definitely like to do it again.”
（1）Which of the following can best describe Ariana
A．Far-sighted. B．Easy-going. C．Kind-hearted D．Strong-willed.
（2）Ariana decided to donate her hair when _____.
A．her father advised her to do so B．she saw a sick girl in a video
C．she had her first haircut D．she visited a hospital
（3）What do we know about Ariana
A．She suffered medical hair loss.
B．Her story drew wide attention online.
C．She got little support from her parents.
D．She has called on people to donate hair like her.
3．（2017高一上·遵义期中）阅读理解
After suffering through many months of unemployment (失业). my wife and I moved this week from Colorado to Ohio. where she was starting a new job. Not knowing anybody there. we were pretty concerned about how we'd get our entire home unloaded (卸下) without killing ourselves.
We made a phone call to hire (临时雇用) a couple of college students to help with all the heavy lifting once we got there. But one neighbor after another stopped by to help us. What Have we moved to some other country Maybe we've died and gone to heaven!
Unloading actually became fun and joy because there were so many wonderful new friends to help when we worked. The more people helped. the easier the work became. We were afraid the job might take days for the two of us alone. but it was finished in a few hours. Many total strangers would either walk by the sidewalk or drive by to ask us if we were moving in. Many were happy that this old house that had sat empty for so long was coming to life again. We were invited to an outdoor meal yesterday by neighbors on the same street.
All the time. my brain was resting on this new sense of hope that people can be so friendly to strangers. Among all the conversation were lots of offers to help each other in all kinds of ways. It's wonderful to live in such a kind little town. I feel so grateful to be here. and wish the rest of the world could see how an entire community can model (做榜样) what it's like to help each other.
（1）The author and his wife moved to Ohio because________.
A．they liked moving from one place to another
B．they were both out of work in Colorado
C．the students of his wife were living there
D．his wife had found a new job there
（2）From the underlined part , we can learn when offered help , the author felt________.
A．grateful B．surprised C．bored D．crazy
（3）We can learn from the passage that the author's neighbors________.
A．thought it hard work to move in
B．were curious about the newcomers
C．were glad that the old house would have its new owner
D．hired two college students to help him
（4）According to the passage , which of the following is TRUE
A．The author has many old friends in Ohio.
B．It took the author and his wife days to get home unloaded.
C．The author and his wife invited the neighbors to a dinner.
D．The author is very satisfied with his new home and new neighbors.
（5）It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．we don't know what is good until we have lost it
B．kindness is the sunshine of social life
C．where there is a will. there is a way
D．there is no place like home
4．（2018高二下·临汾期末）阅读理解
Google, one of the world's outstanding tech companies, was attacked. It wasn't its search engine that was attacked or its advertising platform or even its social network, Google+. Instead, it was a building.
Two web security experts hacked (侵入) into its Wharf 7 office in Sydney, Australia, through Google's building management system (BMS). One of them, Billy Rios, says, “My colleague and I have a lot of experience in web security, but it is not something that people couldn't learn. Once you understand how the system works, it is very simple.”
They found the system on Shodan, a search engine that lists devices connected to the Internet, and then ran it through their own software to identify who owned the building. In the case of the Google hacking, the researchers had no immoral purpose and just informed Google about what they found.
According to Mr. Rios, Who runs security company Whitescope, there are 50,000 buildings currently connected to the Internet, including research institutes, churches and hospitals, and 2,000 of those are online with no password protection. Martyn Thomas, a professor of IT at Gresham College in the UK, says, “It is beyond doubt that attempts to attack building management systems arc happening all the time.”
Making a building smart generally means connecting the systems that control heating, Hating and security to the Internet and the wider corporate network. There was a strong reason for doing this, said Andrew Kelly, principal security consultant at defence company Qinetiq.
“Energy savings are the biggest factor in connecting building management systems to the corporate network,” he says. “It gives those who run the building better control and offers between 20% to 50% in energy savings,” he adds.
But it also makes them less secure. And if any of these feels like a Hollywood film, think again.
（1）How did Billy Rios and his colleague hack Google's building
A．They invented a search engine and connected it to Google's building.
B．They connected their own software to the building to run Google.
C．They worked for Google and mastered how the building worked.
D．They used Google's BMS to find out the owner of the building.
（2）In the case of the Google hacking, the researchers had the intention of .
A．telling Google about the Wharf 7 office's hidden danger
B．entering Google's building to save more energy
C．explaining the reasons for energy savings
D．analyzing some immoral problems
（3）What's the main idea of Paragraph 4
A．There are many researchers contributing a lot to web security.
B．The attack on building management systems happens all over the world.
C．The building management systems of some buildings are in danger.
D．There are too many buildings connected to the Internet to be managed well.
（4）What is the author's attitude towards the way of the energy savings of some buildings
A．Favorable. B．Ambiguous. C．Indifferent D．Negative.
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
5．（2020高一下·商丘期末）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reasons Why Reading Old Books Is Good
There
are many people who prefer new books to old ones, because they think that new
books are better. 　 　
They
have stood the test of time. 　 　 According to C.S. Lewis, as a writer, he would
rather want a reader to read an old book than a new one as the new one is still
under test and the reader is amateur to judge it.
　 　 Old books usually cost less in comparison, and
at times are available even for free at book stores, thrift shops (旧货店), or book fairs.
They
help you know your past. Classic novels teach a lot about a particular previous
time in history while we are enjoying present times.
Their
quality is better. The title is self-explanatory. 　 　 If a book is being read even 50 years after it
was published, then it's a classic, and surely good.
They
don't discriminate (歧视) against
age. Old books are for everyone and not for a particular age group. 　 　Cinderella
(《灰姑娘》) can still be your favorite nighttime read as an
adult.
They
smell so good. The smell of old books is just too good. Don't you just love the
smell as you bury your nose into the pages of an old classic
A. They are
cheaper.
B. They are easy
to get.
C. What makes a
book a classic
D. What is a
book affecting you most
E. You need not
be a child to enjoy the classics written for kids.
F. But the fact
is that the opposite is true, more often than not.
G. Ideas come
and go, but only the best ideas are the ones that stand out.
三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
6．（2020高一上·湖州期中）完形填空
My
family has moved a lot. So I've （1） walking into a new school
and making new friends. It doesn't even trouble me that much—I （2） know
I'll feel at home in the new place after a few months. But about a year ago we （3） again,
and that time it was （4） . The reason why we were moving was （5） to
us: My father had a terrible illness and lost his job. My mom gave up her job
to be with my dad （6） he got the medical treatment(治疗) couldn't imagine how
we would （7） —what if neither of my parents would
find （8） again
I
knew my parents （9） me to be strong and I didn't want to let
them down. （10） I gave in to all the feelings of sadness
and fear. I cried a lot, and for the first time in my life, I started to （11） school.
I kept to myself so much that most people decided I was （12） and
selfish. （13） there were two girls at my school who
reached out to me. When I finally started to talk, it comforted me to share all
the （14） I'd been holding inside. And Melissa and
Nicole really listened and （15） what was experiencing, （16） I
believed no one would. Their caring （17） me
up so much that soon I had a whole group of friends. I stopped hating school,
and my problems became much （18） to stand.
It
just goes to show you that you don't have to （19） the
bad times alone, （20） is the best way to help yourself.
（1）A．worried about B．got
used to C．got tired of D．dreamed about
（2）A．seldom B．never C．always D．sometimes
（3）A．settled B．suffered C．walked D．moved
（4）A．different B．strange C．usual D．interesting
（5）A．pride B．shame C．shock D．pleasure
（6）A．after B．until C．while D．if
（7）A．judge B．change C．decide D．manage
（8）A．work B．time C．energy D．health
（9）A．persuaded B．allowed C．expected D．commanded
（10）A．Anyhow B．However C．Besides D．Therefore
（11）A．hate B．enjoy C．attend D．leave
（12）A．powerful B．stubborn C．unfriendly D．devoted
（13）A．Gradually B．Obviously C．Hopefully D．Luckily
（14）A．courage B．anger C．pain D．power
（15）A．admitted B．understood C．requested D．doubted
（16）A．as though B．now that C．even though D．so that
（17）A．blew B．warmed C．picked D．brought
（18）A．more common B．harder C．easier D．more serious
（19）A．think of B．escape
from C．care about D．go through
（20）A．Reaching out B．Standing
out C．Giving out D．Working out
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
7．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Buying
books on the Internet is a great way to save time and money. Online bookstores
offer new books and 　 　 (use) books that can save you a lot of money.
What's more, they are far better 　 　 (compare) to traditional bookstores as they
offer much broader kinds of books. You can either click the kind of e-books
online 　 　type the book title
and get it in seconds. Another advantage of shopping online 　 　 (be) that you can also read the book reviews
as well as readers' reviews to get an idea 　 　the book is worth buying. Online
bookstores offer great discounts, which is a big 　 　 (attract) for book lovers.
For
book lovers, 　 　 is most important to get books in time.
Therefore, you need to find a reliable online bookstore that will be able to
provide fast deliveries.
Here
are some tips to use when selecting an online bookstore. Some online bookstores
are popular for fiction books; some are for non-fiction books or novels, etc. 　 　 (understand) their specialization will help
you to get the right kinds of books in time. Check whether you will be buying
the books from a third party seller or 　 　 (direct) from the websites. Never jump at
stores that offer super cheap prices, as books 　 　 (sell) at such a low price could be in very
bad condition.
五、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
8．（2020高一下·成都月考）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
John and his 10-year-old
son Chase search the streets of Salt Lake City every weekends for the perfect
person take to lunch. That they require is that the person is homeless. They
started it four years before to share a meal among someone, listen to them and
figure out how they can help. Mike Campbell is one of the first people they
took to lunch and we are still in touch. John or Chase know they can't solve
the homeless problem. They just hope the kindness will go on. "If we have
the other people come out and help, people will have a happily life."
Chase said.
六、书面表达（满分25分）
9．（2020·合肥模拟）假定你是李华，是校乒乓球社团负责人。你校英国交换生 Peter 打算学习乒乓球，来信 询问你们社团暑期的乒乓球公益培训项目情况。请给他回信，内容包括：
1）培训时间和地点；
2）培训内容，如接( receive) 发 (serve) 球，对抗训练等；
3）报名方式。
注意：
1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；观点态度题；教育文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现所谓有教育意义的玩具并不能让孩子学到东西，而父母陪孩子读故事书以及玩耍更有利于孩子的发展。
（1）考查观点态度。根据第二段中的“Even if companies are marketing them as educational, they're not teaching the babies anything at this time”可知，Anna Sosa认为所谓的教育性的电子玩具并没有教孩子任何东西，由此可见Anna Sosa对电子玩具的态度是怀疑的，故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“What they found is that parents talked less with their babies when the babies played with electronic toys.”可知，孩子玩电子玩具的时候与父母的交流更少，故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“There was even more information given by parents as their babies looked at the pictures in books.”可知，父母在陪孩子读故事书时会给予更多的信息，从而会更有利于孩子发展语言能力，故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Playing is a way that kids can learn so much, not only cognitive skills, but social and developmental skills,”可知，玩耍不仅可以帮助孩子学习认知技能，还可以让他们学习社交和发展技能，对孩子的全面发展更有好处，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和观点态度三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，需要考生在捕捉细节信息的同时，进一步根据上下文，进行分析，推理，选出正确答案。
2．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个为他人捐赠头发的三岁小女孩的故事。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第三段Josh Smith所说的“I run a charity called Extra Life where I play video games to help raise money for kids” 我经营着一个叫“额外生活”的慈善机构，在那里我玩电子游戏，为孩子们筹集资金。可知，做慈善的Josh Smith心地善良，故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段和第四段可知，Ariana在看到一个浑身插满管子的秃头女孩的视频之后，毫不犹豫地说要捐赠自己的头发。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段的“Smith posted his daughter's moving gesture on his personal webpage, where it has received almost 645,000 views in just two days.”可知，Ariana帮助他人的举措在网络上受到广泛关注。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
（5）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】作者与妻子两个人因为工作问题而搬到Ohio原以为孤单的他们却受到当地邻居的热情帮助。作者体会到：仁慈就像阳光一样，给人们的生活带来温暖和希望。
（1）D细节理解题。根据文章第一段的my wife and I moved this week from Colorado to Ohio，where she was starting a new job可知妻子在这里找到了新工作所以搬家，故选D.
（2）B推理判断题。作者夫妻俩在Ohio一个人也不认识，本打算雇用学生来帮忙搬家，没想到一个接一个的邻居前来帮忙。受到邻居的热情帮助时，作者感到很是吃惊。故选B.
（3）C细节理解题。根据文章第三段的Many were happy that this old house that had sat empty for so long was coming to life again.可知邻居们很高兴看到房子里搬来了新主人，故选C.
（4）D细节理解题。由前两段可知作者夫妻俩在Ohio一个人也不认识，更没有老朋友，A错误；由第三段第三句话可知，因为有了邻居的帮忙，他们只用了几个小时就完成了搬家工作；故B错误；由第三段末句可知，同街的邻居邀请作者夫妇吃饭，故C错误；从作者第四段的表述可以看出，他对新家和新邻居都很满意，D项正确。故选D.
（5）B推理判断题。作者通过自己搬新家受到邻居们的热情帮助深深体会到：仁慈就像阳光一样，给人们的生活带来温暖和希望。故选B.
【点评】推理判断题的解题方法 ：推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。如文中第25小题作者夫妻俩在Ohio一个人也不认识，本打算雇用学生来帮忙搬家，没想到一个接一个的邻居前来帮忙。受到邻居的热情帮助时，作者感到很是吃惊。故选B.任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。第28小题作者通过自己搬新家受到邻居们的热情帮助深深体会到：仁慈就像阳光一样，给人们的生活带来温暖和希望。故选B.推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。
4．【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道类，介绍了Google公司是世界最大的数据贮存公司及搜索引擎公司．它有一些不同之处。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“They found the system on Shodan, a search engine that lists devices connected to the Internet, and then ran it through their own software to identify who owned the building.”可知他们提供Google的building management system找到the owner of the building。故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“According to Mr. Rios, Who runs security company Whitescope, there are 50,000 buildings currently connected to the Internet, including research institutes, churches and hospitals, and 2,000 of those are online with no password protection.”可知现在有50,000座大楼连接互联网，其中有很多根本没有密码保护。通过这起入侵事件，研究人员想告诉Google公司这套系统有隐藏的危险。故选A。
（3）考查段落大意。根据第一段主题句“According to Mr. Rios, Who runs security company Whitescope, there are 50,000 buildings currently connected to the Internet, including research institutes, churches and hospitals, and 2,000 of those are online with no password protection.”可知很大连接互联网的建筑都没有密码保护，都处于潜在的危险之中。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But it also makes them less secure. And if any of these feels like a Hollywood film, think again.”可知节能系统有好处，但是它是潜在的不安全因素。说明作者持否定态度。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
5．【答案】F；G；A；C；E
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了读旧书好的原因。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“There are many people who prefer new books to old ones, because they think that new books are better.” 可知，有许多人喜欢新书而不是旧书，因为他们认为新书更好。结合本文标题和空前描述可知，作者的观点与之相反。F. But the fact is that the opposite is true, more often than not. “但事实往往恰恰相反"，与本文主旨描述一致。故选F。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前”They have stood the test of time.“旧书经受住了时间的考验。可知，空处将谈论为何旧书经得起时间考验。G. Ideas come and go, but only the best ideas are the ones that stand out. ”想法来来去去，但只有最好的想法才会脱颖而出"，对前一句进行补充说明，符合题意。故选G。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Old books usually cost less in comparison",相比之下，旧书通常更便宜。可知，空处谈论的是旧书在价格上的优势。A. They are cheaper."它们更便宜"，符合题意；此处的cheaper=cost less，they指代的是old books。故选A。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后" If a book is being read even 50 years after it was published, then it's a classic, and surely good."如果一本书在出版50年后还有人读，那它就是经典，当然是好书。可知，空处作者会询问何为经典的书籍，C. What makes a book a classic "什么让一本书成为经典？"，符合题意，此处a classic在下一句也有出现，属于词汇复现。故选C。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前"Old books are for everyone and not for a particular age group."旧书是为每个人准备的，而不是为某个特定年龄段的人准备的。可知，阅读旧书是不分年龄的。E. You need not be a child to enjoy the classics written for kids. "你不必是个孩子就可以享受为孩子们写的经典。"与前后表达意思一致。故选E。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
6．【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）D；（4）A；（5）C；（6）C；（7）D；（8）A；（9）C；（10）B；（11）A；（12）C；（13）D；（14）C；（15）B；（16）C；（17）B；（18）C；（19）D；（20）A
【知识点】夹叙夹议；人生百味类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述作者到了一所新学校后，因为家庭原因感到悲伤和恐惧。后来，在两位女孩的帮助下，作者渐渐走出了困境。作者意识到不必独自面对困难的日子，伸出你的手是最好的办法。
（1）句意：我的家庭经常搬家，所以我已经习惯了走进一所新学校，结交新朋友。A. worried about“担心”；B. got used to“习惯于”；C. got tired of“厌倦”；D. dreamed about“梦想”。根据下文“It doesn't even trouble me that much”可知，作者已经习惯了因搬家而进入新学校。故选B。
（2）句意：这对我来说根本不算什么，我总觉得几个月后在一个新地方就会像在家里一样了。A. seldom“很少”；B. never“从不”；C. always“总是”；D. sometimes“有时”。因为作者已经习惯了搬家，所以作者总觉得过了几个月新地方就会像在家一样熟悉。故选C。
（3）句意：但大约一年前，我们又搬了家，那时候情况不同了。A. settled“解决”；B. suffered“遭受”；C. walked“行走”；D. moved“移动，搬家”。根据“My family has moved a lot.”可知，作者又搬家了。故选D。
（4）句意：但大约一年前，我们又搬了家，那时候情况不同了。A. different“不同的”；B. strange“奇怪的”；C. usual“通常的”；D. interesting“有趣的”。根据下文“The reason why we were moving was a___5___ to us: My father had a terrible illness and lost his job. My mom gave up her job to be with my dad___6___ he got the medical treatment (治疗).”可知，这次作者搬家的原因与以前不同了。故选A。
（5）句意：我们搬家的原因对我们来说是一个打击:我父亲得了重病，丢了工作。A. pride“骄傲”；B. shame“羞愧”； C. shock“震惊”；D. pleasure“愉快”。根据“My father had a terrible illness and lost his job.”可知，因为作者父亲得了重病且丢工作对家庭来说是一种打击。故选C。
（6）句意：当我的父亲在接受治疗时，我的妈妈放弃了工作陪着他。A. after“在……之后”；B. until“直到”；C. while“当……时候”；D. if“如果”此处是while引导的时间状语从句，故选C。
（7）句意：我无法想象我们该怎么办——如果我的父母都找不到工作怎么办 A. judge“判断”；B. change“改变”；C. decide“决定”；D. manage“设法对付”。根据下文“what if neither of my parents would find ___8___ again ”可知，作者父母失业，作者感觉他们无法应付这种情况。故选D。
（8）句意：我无法想象我们该怎么办——如果我的父母都找不到工作怎么办 A. work“工作”；B. time“时间”；C. energy“能量”；D. health“健康”。根据上文“My father had a terrible illness and lost his job. My mom gave up her job to be with my dad___6___ he got the medical treatment (治疗).”可知，作者父母都失业了，所以是作者担心父母找不到工作。故选A。
（9）句意：我知道父母希望我坚强，我不想让他们失望。A. persuaded“劝服”；B. allowed“允许”；C. expected“期望”；D. commanded“命令”。根据“and I didn't want to let them down.”可知，作者父母希望她坚强。故选C。
（10）句意：然而，我屈服于所有的悲伤和恐惧的感觉。A. Anyhow“不管怎样”；B. However“然而”；C. Besides“此外”；D. Therefore“因此”。此处为转折关系，表示“然而”应用however。故选B。
（11）句意：我经常哭，生平第一次，我开始讨厌学校。A. hate“讨厌”；B. enjoy“享受”；C. attend“参加”；D. leave“离开”。根据“I cried a lot”及下文可知，作者开始讨厌学校。故选A。
（12）句意：我太独来独往了，以至于大多数人认为我不友好、自私。A. powerful“强大的”；B. stubborn“固执的”；C. unfriendly“不友好地”；D. devoted“全心全意的”。根据并列形容词“selfish”可知，大多数同学认为作者不友好、自私。故选C。
（13）句意：幸运的是，学校里有两个女孩找到了我。A. Gradually“逐渐地”；B. Obviously“明显地”；C. Hopefully“有希望地”；D. Luckily“幸运地”。根据“there were two girls at my school who reached out to me.”及下文可知，两个女孩主动帮助她，对作者来说是幸运的。故选D。
（14）句意：当我终于开始说话的时候，分享内心的痛苦给了我很大的安慰。A. courage“勇气”；B. anger“愤怒”；C. pain“痛苦”；D. power“力量”。根据上文“When I finally started to talk, it comforted me to share all the”可知，作者可以与他人倾诉，从而分享自己内心的痛苦。故选C。
（15）句意：Melissa和Nicole真的倾听并理解我的感受，尽管我认为没有人会这样做。A. admitted“承认”；B. understood“理解”；C. requested“要求”；D. doubted“怀疑”。根据下文“what was experiencing”可知两个女孩主动倾听作者的倾诉，并理解作者的感受。故选B。
（16）句意：Melissa和Nicole真的倾听并理解我的感受，尽管我认为没有人会这样做。A. as though“好像”；B. now that“既然”；C. even though“尽管”；D. so that“为的是”。尽管作者认为没有人会倾听并理解作者的感受，但Melissa和Nicole做到了。even though引导让步状语从句。故选C。
（17）句意：她们的关心使我感到很温暖，很快我就有了一群朋友。A. blew“吹”；B. warmed“温暖”；C. picked“捡起”；D. brought“带来”。根据下文“me up so much that soon I had a whole group of friends”女孩们的关心让作者感受到温暖，让作者有了很多朋友。warm sb. up固定短语，“使某人暖和起来”。故选B。
（18）句意：我不再讨厌学校，我的问题也变得容易忍受多了。A. more common“更普遍的”；B. harder“更困难的”；C. easier“更容易的”；D. more serious“更严重的”。根据上文“I stopped hating school, and my problems became much”可知因为作者不再讨厌学校，所以作者的问题变得容易多了。故选C。
（19）句意：这只向你展示，你不必独自度过困难时期。A. think of“思考”；B. escape from“逃离”；C. care about“关心”；D. go through“经历，度过”。根据下文“the bad times alone”可知作者是想告诉我们：我们不必独自度过难关。故选D。
（20）句意：伸出你的手是帮助自己的最好方式。A. Reaching out“伸出”；B. Standing out“突出”；C. Giving out“分发”；D. Working out“解决”。根据下文“is the best way to help yourself”可知帮助自己的最好方式是伸出自己的手接受自救。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
7．【答案】used；compared；or；is；whether；attraction；it；Understanding；directly；sold
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了网上买书的好处，主要有选择范围更广、先看到书评再确定值不值得买等优点。
（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：网上书店提供新书和二手书，可以帮你省很多钱。修饰books，并与books构成逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，因此用过去分词作定语，在此是形容词化的过去分词，意为"旧的，用过了的"。故填used 。
（2） 考查非谓语动词。句意：更重要的是，与传统书店相比，它们要好得多，因为它们提供了更广泛的书籍。compare与主语they之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词，故填compared 。
（3）考查固定搭配。句意：您可以在线点击电子书类型，也可以键入书名，并在数秒内获取。either… or…，固定短语，”或者......或者......“，故填or。
（4）考查时态。句意：网上购物的另一个优点是，您还可以阅读书评和读者评论，了解这本书是否值得购买。主语为Another advantage of shopping online，故谓语动词用单数。全文用一般现在时，故填is。
（5） 考查同位语从句。此处whether(是否)引导同位语从句，解释说明idea的具体内容。故填whether 。
（6） 考查名词。句意：网上书店提供优惠，这对书迷来说有很大的吸引力。由上文的a big可知此处应用单数名词，故填attraction。
（7）考查代词。句意：对于书迷来说，及时得到书是最重要的。此处it为形式主语，指代真正的主语to get books in time。故填it 。
（8） 考查非谓语动词。句意：了解它们的专长将帮助你及时获得合适的书籍。 their specialization作主语，因此用动名词，故填Understanding。
（9） 考查副词。句意：检查您是直接从第三方卖家购买图书，还是直接从网站购买图书。此处用副词directly修饰will be buying，故填directly 。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：一定不要接受那些价格超便宜的商店，因为以如此低的价格出售的图书可能处于非常糟糕的状态。此处在句中作定语，修饰books，且sell与books之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。故填sold 。
【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态，同位语从句，代词，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
8．【答案】①weekends →weekend ②take前面添加to ③That →What ④before →ago ⑤among →with ⑥is →was ⑦we →they ⑧or →and ⑨去掉other前面的the ⑩happily →happy
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了约翰和儿子Chase主动邀请无家可归者共进午餐一事。
①考查名词单复数。句意：约翰个他10岁的儿子Chase每个周末在盐湖城的大街上，寻找共进午餐的最合适的人。every修饰可数名词单数，表示“每一个……”，故weekends改为 weekend。
②考查非谓语动词。句意：每个周末，他们去街上寻找共进午餐的最合适的人。to take作定语修饰前面的person，故take前加to。
③考查主语从句。句意：他们需要的是无家可归的人。该句为主语从句，require为及物动词，需要宾语，且指物。故That改为What。
④考查副词。句意：他们四年前开始这么做，是为了和别人分享一顿饭，听听他们怎么说，看看他们能帮上什么忙。表示时间的副词before常用于完成时，ago用于一般过去时，故before改为ago。
⑤考查介词。share sth among sb，表示把特定的东西在很多人之间分享，东西属于大家的；share sth with sb，表示主语把自己的东西拿出来和那个人分享。此处为主语与sb共进（分享）午餐，故 among 改为with。
⑥考查时态。句意：Mike campbell 是他们第一个带去吃午饭的人，他们现在还有联系。发生在过去， 用一般过去时，故is改为was。
⑦考查代词。这里指他们仍然保持联系，故we改为they。
⑧考查连词。句意：约翰和Chase知道他们不能解决流浪汉的问题。该句的主语为并列的两者，而非选择关系，故or改为and。
⑨考查冠词。句意：如果我们有其他人出来帮忙，人们会过上幸福的生活。other“其他的，另外的”，泛指另一些。而the other+复数名词，指一个范围中余下的全部。此处，是指除了他们自己的其他人，没有范围，泛指，故去掉other前面的the。
⑩考查形容词。life为名词，由形容词修饰，故happily改为happy。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词，非谓语动词，主语从句，副词，介词，时态，代词，连词，冠词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
9．【答案】略
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给英国交换生 Peter 回信。写作背景：你是校乒乓球社团负责人。 Peter 打算学习乒乓球，来信 询问你们社团暑期的乒乓球公益培训项目情况。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）培训时间和地点；2）培训内容，如接( receive) 发 (serve) 球，对抗训练等；3）报名方式。考生需要根据写作要求，确定关键词，按照提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
【点评】本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
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黑龙江省2021年英语高考模拟卷（2）
一、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30 分）
1．（2018高二上·宿州期末）阅读理解
A new study says electronic toys are not helping babies learn.
"Even if companies are marketing them as educational, they're not teaching the babies anything at this time," said Anna Sosa the study's author.
Researchers listened to audio(声音的) recordings of parents playing with their babies aged 10 months to 16 months. The researchers compared the experiences when the children played with electronic toys, traditional toys such as blocks, or when the children looked at books. What they found is that parents talked less with their babies when the babies played with electronic toys.
Why is this important Research shows that how quickly children develop language is often based on what they hear from parents. When the infants played with electronic toys, parents said little to their children. But with traditional toys, such as blocks, parents shared the names and descriptions of the animals, colors and shapes as their children played. There was even more information given by parents as their babies looked at the pictures in books.
Of course, there is no need for parents to throw out electronic toys, but they should look at their infants' play with such toys as entertainment, not a learning experience.
Toy Industry Association spokeswoman Adrienne Appell responded to the study. She said it is important that parents make time to play with their children. "Playing is a way that kids can learn so much, not only cognitive(认知的) skills, but social and developmental skills," she said. She added that play should be balanced, including time for just "make believe" activities, as well as traditional and electronic toys.
（1）What's Anna Sosa's attitude towards companies claiming that their toys are educational
A．supportive B．indifferent C．uninterested D．doubtful
（2）We can learn from the text that babies in the research ________.
A．liked traditional toys better than electronic toys
B．interact less with their parents when playing with electronic toys
C．talked little with their parents when playing with electronic toys
D．listened to audio recordings of their parents
（3）Children develop language more quickly when their parents ________.
A．read them picture books often B．teach them how to speak
C．buy them a lot of toys D．throw away their electronic toys
（4）According to Adrienne Appell, playing ________.
A．can't take the place of learning
B．shouldn't take most of children's time
C．is good to children's overall development
D．can't develop children's cognitive skills
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；观点态度题；教育文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现所谓有教育意义的玩具并不能让孩子学到东西，而父母陪孩子读故事书以及玩耍更有利于孩子的发展。
（1）考查观点态度。根据第二段中的“Even if companies are marketing them as educational, they're not teaching the babies anything at this time”可知，Anna Sosa认为所谓的教育性的电子玩具并没有教孩子任何东西，由此可见Anna Sosa对电子玩具的态度是怀疑的，故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“What they found is that parents talked less with their babies when the babies played with electronic toys.”可知，孩子玩电子玩具的时候与父母的交流更少，故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“There was even more information given by parents as their babies looked at the pictures in books.”可知，父母在陪孩子读故事书时会给予更多的信息，从而会更有利于孩子发展语言能力，故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Playing is a way that kids can learn so much, not only cognitive skills, but social and developmental skills,”可知，玩耍不仅可以帮助孩子学习认知技能，还可以让他们学习社交和发展技能，对孩子的全面发展更有好处，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和观点态度三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，需要考生在捕捉细节信息的同时，进一步根据上下文，进行分析，推理，选出正确答案。
2．（2018高二上·宾川月考）阅读理解
“To another little girl.”
That's what 3-year-old Ariana of Winterport, Maine, said when her father Josh Smith asked where her donated (捐赠的) hair was going to go. It was then that the dad of two realized his young daughter had a heart that was too big for words.
“I run a charity called Extra Life where I play video games to help raise money for kids,” he said. “Ariana happened to be sitting next to me when a video was playing, showing a little girl who was bald(秃顶的), lying in a hospital bed with tubes in her.” When their daughter got curious, Smith and his wife Crystal explained how medicine was what made the child in the video lose her hair.
“Without a second thought, Ariana said, 'She can have some of my hair,'” Smith said. “That's when my wife told me that there are many organizations that we could donate it to.” The Smiths chose “Locks of Love” to send Ariana's generous gift to a child with medical hair loss.
A week later, Ariana was taken to the family hairdresser where 10 inches was cut from her hair.
“It was her first haircut,” Smith told ABC News. “She can be so selfless like that. Her first reaction is 'How about me giving up something that I have, so a little girl can feel pretty '” Smith posted his daughter's moving gesture on his personal webpage, where it has received almost 645,000 views in just two days.
“She'll take an adult-like approach and it's really amazing,” Smith said. “She is just a little kid, but if she sees somebody in need, she certainly cares for them. This made Ariana feel special and she'd definitely like to do it again.”
（1）Which of the following can best describe Ariana
A．Far-sighted. B．Easy-going. C．Kind-hearted D．Strong-willed.
（2）Ariana decided to donate her hair when _____.
A．her father advised her to do so B．she saw a sick girl in a video
C．she had her first haircut D．she visited a hospital
（3）What do we know about Ariana
A．She suffered medical hair loss.
B．Her story drew wide attention online.
C．She got little support from her parents.
D．She has called on people to donate hair like her.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个为他人捐赠头发的三岁小女孩的故事。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第三段Josh Smith所说的“I run a charity called Extra Life where I play video games to help raise money for kids” 我经营着一个叫“额外生活”的慈善机构，在那里我玩电子游戏，为孩子们筹集资金。可知，做慈善的Josh Smith心地善良，故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段和第四段可知，Ariana在看到一个浑身插满管子的秃头女孩的视频之后，毫不犹豫地说要捐赠自己的头发。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段的“Smith posted his daughter's moving gesture on his personal webpage, where it has received almost 645,000 views in just two days.”可知，Ariana帮助他人的举措在网络上受到广泛关注。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．（2017高一上·遵义期中）阅读理解
After suffering through many months of unemployment (失业). my wife and I moved this week from Colorado to Ohio. where she was starting a new job. Not knowing anybody there. we were pretty concerned about how we'd get our entire home unloaded (卸下) without killing ourselves.
We made a phone call to hire (临时雇用) a couple of college students to help with all the heavy lifting once we got there. But one neighbor after another stopped by to help us. What Have we moved to some other country Maybe we've died and gone to heaven!
Unloading actually became fun and joy because there were so many wonderful new friends to help when we worked. The more people helped. the easier the work became. We were afraid the job might take days for the two of us alone. but it was finished in a few hours. Many total strangers would either walk by the sidewalk or drive by to ask us if we were moving in. Many were happy that this old house that had sat empty for so long was coming to life again. We were invited to an outdoor meal yesterday by neighbors on the same street.
All the time. my brain was resting on this new sense of hope that people can be so friendly to strangers. Among all the conversation were lots of offers to help each other in all kinds of ways. It's wonderful to live in such a kind little town. I feel so grateful to be here. and wish the rest of the world could see how an entire community can model (做榜样) what it's like to help each other.
（1）The author and his wife moved to Ohio because________.
A．they liked moving from one place to another
B．they were both out of work in Colorado
C．the students of his wife were living there
D．his wife had found a new job there
（2）From the underlined part , we can learn when offered help , the author felt________.
A．grateful B．surprised C．bored D．crazy
（3）We can learn from the passage that the author's neighbors________.
A．thought it hard work to move in
B．were curious about the newcomers
C．were glad that the old house would have its new owner
D．hired two college students to help him
（4）According to the passage , which of the following is TRUE
A．The author has many old friends in Ohio.
B．It took the author and his wife days to get home unloaded.
C．The author and his wife invited the neighbors to a dinner.
D．The author is very satisfied with his new home and new neighbors.
（5）It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．we don't know what is good until we have lost it
B．kindness is the sunshine of social life
C．where there is a will. there is a way
D．there is no place like home
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
（5）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】作者与妻子两个人因为工作问题而搬到Ohio原以为孤单的他们却受到当地邻居的热情帮助。作者体会到：仁慈就像阳光一样，给人们的生活带来温暖和希望。
（1）D细节理解题。根据文章第一段的my wife and I moved this week from Colorado to Ohio，where she was starting a new job可知妻子在这里找到了新工作所以搬家，故选D.
（2）B推理判断题。作者夫妻俩在Ohio一个人也不认识，本打算雇用学生来帮忙搬家，没想到一个接一个的邻居前来帮忙。受到邻居的热情帮助时，作者感到很是吃惊。故选B.
（3）C细节理解题。根据文章第三段的Many were happy that this old house that had sat empty for so long was coming to life again.可知邻居们很高兴看到房子里搬来了新主人，故选C.
（4）D细节理解题。由前两段可知作者夫妻俩在Ohio一个人也不认识，更没有老朋友，A错误；由第三段第三句话可知，因为有了邻居的帮忙，他们只用了几个小时就完成了搬家工作；故B错误；由第三段末句可知，同街的邻居邀请作者夫妇吃饭，故C错误；从作者第四段的表述可以看出，他对新家和新邻居都很满意，D项正确。故选D.
（5）B推理判断题。作者通过自己搬新家受到邻居们的热情帮助深深体会到：仁慈就像阳光一样，给人们的生活带来温暖和希望。故选B.
【点评】推理判断题的解题方法 ：推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。如文中第25小题作者夫妻俩在Ohio一个人也不认识，本打算雇用学生来帮忙搬家，没想到一个接一个的邻居前来帮忙。受到邻居的热情帮助时，作者感到很是吃惊。故选B.任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。第28小题作者通过自己搬新家受到邻居们的热情帮助深深体会到：仁慈就像阳光一样，给人们的生活带来温暖和希望。故选B.推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。
4．（2018高二下·临汾期末）阅读理解
Google, one of the world's outstanding tech companies, was attacked. It wasn't its search engine that was attacked or its advertising platform or even its social network, Google+. Instead, it was a building.
Two web security experts hacked (侵入) into its Wharf 7 office in Sydney, Australia, through Google's building management system (BMS). One of them, Billy Rios, says, “My colleague and I have a lot of experience in web security, but it is not something that people couldn't learn. Once you understand how the system works, it is very simple.”
They found the system on Shodan, a search engine that lists devices connected to the Internet, and then ran it through their own software to identify who owned the building. In the case of the Google hacking, the researchers had no immoral purpose and just informed Google about what they found.
According to Mr. Rios, Who runs security company Whitescope, there are 50,000 buildings currently connected to the Internet, including research institutes, churches and hospitals, and 2,000 of those are online with no password protection. Martyn Thomas, a professor of IT at Gresham College in the UK, says, “It is beyond doubt that attempts to attack building management systems arc happening all the time.”
Making a building smart generally means connecting the systems that control heating, Hating and security to the Internet and the wider corporate network. There was a strong reason for doing this, said Andrew Kelly, principal security consultant at defence company Qinetiq.
“Energy savings are the biggest factor in connecting building management systems to the corporate network,” he says. “It gives those who run the building better control and offers between 20% to 50% in energy savings,” he adds.
But it also makes them less secure. And if any of these feels like a Hollywood film, think again.
（1）How did Billy Rios and his colleague hack Google's building
A．They invented a search engine and connected it to Google's building.
B．They connected their own software to the building to run Google.
C．They worked for Google and mastered how the building worked.
D．They used Google's BMS to find out the owner of the building.
（2）In the case of the Google hacking, the researchers had the intention of .
A．telling Google about the Wharf 7 office's hidden danger
B．entering Google's building to save more energy
C．explaining the reasons for energy savings
D．analyzing some immoral problems
（3）What's the main idea of Paragraph 4
A．There are many researchers contributing a lot to web security.
B．The attack on building management systems happens all over the world.
C．The building management systems of some buildings are in danger.
D．There are too many buildings connected to the Internet to be managed well.
（4）What is the author's attitude towards the way of the energy savings of some buildings
A．Favorable. B．Ambiguous. C．Indifferent D．Negative.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道类，介绍了Google公司是世界最大的数据贮存公司及搜索引擎公司．它有一些不同之处。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“They found the system on Shodan, a search engine that lists devices connected to the Internet, and then ran it through their own software to identify who owned the building.”可知他们提供Google的building management system找到the owner of the building。故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“According to Mr. Rios, Who runs security company Whitescope, there are 50,000 buildings currently connected to the Internet, including research institutes, churches and hospitals, and 2,000 of those are online with no password protection.”可知现在有50,000座大楼连接互联网，其中有很多根本没有密码保护。通过这起入侵事件，研究人员想告诉Google公司这套系统有隐藏的危险。故选A。
（3）考查段落大意。根据第一段主题句“According to Mr. Rios, Who runs security company Whitescope, there are 50,000 buildings currently connected to the Internet, including research institutes, churches and hospitals, and 2,000 of those are online with no password protection.”可知很大连接互联网的建筑都没有密码保护，都处于潜在的危险之中。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But it also makes them less secure. And if any of these feels like a Hollywood film, think again.”可知节能系统有好处，但是它是潜在的不安全因素。说明作者持否定态度。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
5．（2020高一下·商丘期末）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reasons Why Reading Old Books Is Good
There
are many people who prefer new books to old ones, because they think that new
books are better. 　 　
They
have stood the test of time. 　 　 According to C.S. Lewis, as a writer, he would
rather want a reader to read an old book than a new one as the new one is still
under test and the reader is amateur to judge it.
　 　 Old books usually cost less in comparison, and
at times are available even for free at book stores, thrift shops (旧货店), or book fairs.
They
help you know your past. Classic novels teach a lot about a particular previous
time in history while we are enjoying present times.
Their
quality is better. The title is self-explanatory. 　 　 If a book is being read even 50 years after it
was published, then it's a classic, and surely good.
They
don't discriminate (歧视) against
age. Old books are for everyone and not for a particular age group. 　 　Cinderella
(《灰姑娘》) can still be your favorite nighttime read as an
adult.
They
smell so good. The smell of old books is just too good. Don't you just love the
smell as you bury your nose into the pages of an old classic
A. They are
cheaper.
B. They are easy
to get.
C. What makes a
book a classic
D. What is a
book affecting you most
E. You need not
be a child to enjoy the classics written for kids.
F. But the fact
is that the opposite is true, more often than not.
G. Ideas come
and go, but only the best ideas are the ones that stand out.
【答案】F；G；A；C；E
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了读旧书好的原因。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“There are many people who prefer new books to old ones, because they think that new books are better.” 可知，有许多人喜欢新书而不是旧书，因为他们认为新书更好。结合本文标题和空前描述可知，作者的观点与之相反。F. But the fact is that the opposite is true, more often than not. “但事实往往恰恰相反"，与本文主旨描述一致。故选F。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前”They have stood the test of time.“旧书经受住了时间的考验。可知，空处将谈论为何旧书经得起时间考验。G. Ideas come and go, but only the best ideas are the ones that stand out. ”想法来来去去，但只有最好的想法才会脱颖而出"，对前一句进行补充说明，符合题意。故选G。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Old books usually cost less in comparison",相比之下，旧书通常更便宜。可知，空处谈论的是旧书在价格上的优势。A. They are cheaper."它们更便宜"，符合题意；此处的cheaper=cost less，they指代的是old books。故选A。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后" If a book is being read even 50 years after it was published, then it's a classic, and surely good."如果一本书在出版50年后还有人读，那它就是经典，当然是好书。可知，空处作者会询问何为经典的书籍，C. What makes a book a classic "什么让一本书成为经典？"，符合题意，此处a classic在下一句也有出现，属于词汇复现。故选C。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前"Old books are for everyone and not for a particular age group."旧书是为每个人准备的，而不是为某个特定年龄段的人准备的。可知，阅读旧书是不分年龄的。E. You need not be a child to enjoy the classics written for kids. "你不必是个孩子就可以享受为孩子们写的经典。"与前后表达意思一致。故选E。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
6．（2020高一上·湖州期中）完形填空
My
family has moved a lot. So I've （1） walking into a new school
and making new friends. It doesn't even trouble me that much—I （2） know
I'll feel at home in the new place after a few months. But about a year ago we （3） again,
and that time it was （4） . The reason why we were moving was （5） to
us: My father had a terrible illness and lost his job. My mom gave up her job
to be with my dad （6） he got the medical treatment(治疗) couldn't imagine how
we would （7） —what if neither of my parents would
find （8） again
I
knew my parents （9） me to be strong and I didn't want to let
them down. （10） I gave in to all the feelings of sadness
and fear. I cried a lot, and for the first time in my life, I started to （11） school.
I kept to myself so much that most people decided I was （12） and
selfish. （13） there were two girls at my school who
reached out to me. When I finally started to talk, it comforted me to share all
the （14） I'd been holding inside. And Melissa and
Nicole really listened and （15） what was experiencing, （16） I
believed no one would. Their caring （17） me
up so much that soon I had a whole group of friends. I stopped hating school,
and my problems became much （18） to stand.
It
just goes to show you that you don't have to （19） the
bad times alone, （20） is the best way to help yourself.
（1）A．worried about B．got
used to C．got tired of D．dreamed about
（2）A．seldom B．never C．always D．sometimes
（3）A．settled B．suffered C．walked D．moved
（4）A．different B．strange C．usual D．interesting
（5）A．pride B．shame C．shock D．pleasure
（6）A．after B．until C．while D．if
（7）A．judge B．change C．decide D．manage
（8）A．work B．time C．energy D．health
（9）A．persuaded B．allowed C．expected D．commanded
（10）A．Anyhow B．However C．Besides D．Therefore
（11）A．hate B．enjoy C．attend D．leave
（12）A．powerful B．stubborn C．unfriendly D．devoted
（13）A．Gradually B．Obviously C．Hopefully D．Luckily
（14）A．courage B．anger C．pain D．power
（15）A．admitted B．understood C．requested D．doubted
（16）A．as though B．now that C．even though D．so that
（17）A．blew B．warmed C．picked D．brought
（18）A．more common B．harder C．easier D．more serious
（19）A．think of B．escape
from C．care about D．go through
（20）A．Reaching out B．Standing
out C．Giving out D．Working out
【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）D；（4）A；（5）C；（6）C；（7）D；（8）A；（9）C；（10）B；（11）A；（12）C；（13）D；（14）C；（15）B；（16）C；（17）B；（18）C；（19）D；（20）A
【知识点】夹叙夹议；人生百味类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述作者到了一所新学校后，因为家庭原因感到悲伤和恐惧。后来，在两位女孩的帮助下，作者渐渐走出了困境。作者意识到不必独自面对困难的日子，伸出你的手是最好的办法。
（1）句意：我的家庭经常搬家，所以我已经习惯了走进一所新学校，结交新朋友。A. worried about“担心”；B. got used to“习惯于”；C. got tired of“厌倦”；D. dreamed about“梦想”。根据下文“It doesn't even trouble me that much”可知，作者已经习惯了因搬家而进入新学校。故选B。
（2）句意：这对我来说根本不算什么，我总觉得几个月后在一个新地方就会像在家里一样了。A. seldom“很少”；B. never“从不”；C. always“总是”；D. sometimes“有时”。因为作者已经习惯了搬家，所以作者总觉得过了几个月新地方就会像在家一样熟悉。故选C。
（3）句意：但大约一年前，我们又搬了家，那时候情况不同了。A. settled“解决”；B. suffered“遭受”；C. walked“行走”；D. moved“移动，搬家”。根据“My family has moved a lot.”可知，作者又搬家了。故选D。
（4）句意：但大约一年前，我们又搬了家，那时候情况不同了。A. different“不同的”；B. strange“奇怪的”；C. usual“通常的”；D. interesting“有趣的”。根据下文“The reason why we were moving was a___5___ to us: My father had a terrible illness and lost his job. My mom gave up her job to be with my dad___6___ he got the medical treatment (治疗).”可知，这次作者搬家的原因与以前不同了。故选A。
（5）句意：我们搬家的原因对我们来说是一个打击:我父亲得了重病，丢了工作。A. pride“骄傲”；B. shame“羞愧”； C. shock“震惊”；D. pleasure“愉快”。根据“My father had a terrible illness and lost his job.”可知，因为作者父亲得了重病且丢工作对家庭来说是一种打击。故选C。
（6）句意：当我的父亲在接受治疗时，我的妈妈放弃了工作陪着他。A. after“在……之后”；B. until“直到”；C. while“当……时候”；D. if“如果”此处是while引导的时间状语从句，故选C。
（7）句意：我无法想象我们该怎么办——如果我的父母都找不到工作怎么办 A. judge“判断”；B. change“改变”；C. decide“决定”；D. manage“设法对付”。根据下文“what if neither of my parents would find ___8___ again ”可知，作者父母失业，作者感觉他们无法应付这种情况。故选D。
（8）句意：我无法想象我们该怎么办——如果我的父母都找不到工作怎么办 A. work“工作”；B. time“时间”；C. energy“能量”；D. health“健康”。根据上文“My father had a terrible illness and lost his job. My mom gave up her job to be with my dad___6___ he got the medical treatment (治疗).”可知，作者父母都失业了，所以是作者担心父母找不到工作。故选A。
（9）句意：我知道父母希望我坚强，我不想让他们失望。A. persuaded“劝服”；B. allowed“允许”；C. expected“期望”；D. commanded“命令”。根据“and I didn't want to let them down.”可知，作者父母希望她坚强。故选C。
（10）句意：然而，我屈服于所有的悲伤和恐惧的感觉。A. Anyhow“不管怎样”；B. However“然而”；C. Besides“此外”；D. Therefore“因此”。此处为转折关系，表示“然而”应用however。故选B。
（11）句意：我经常哭，生平第一次，我开始讨厌学校。A. hate“讨厌”；B. enjoy“享受”；C. attend“参加”；D. leave“离开”。根据“I cried a lot”及下文可知，作者开始讨厌学校。故选A。
（12）句意：我太独来独往了，以至于大多数人认为我不友好、自私。A. powerful“强大的”；B. stubborn“固执的”；C. unfriendly“不友好地”；D. devoted“全心全意的”。根据并列形容词“selfish”可知，大多数同学认为作者不友好、自私。故选C。
（13）句意：幸运的是，学校里有两个女孩找到了我。A. Gradually“逐渐地”；B. Obviously“明显地”；C. Hopefully“有希望地”；D. Luckily“幸运地”。根据“there were two girls at my school who reached out to me.”及下文可知，两个女孩主动帮助她，对作者来说是幸运的。故选D。
（14）句意：当我终于开始说话的时候，分享内心的痛苦给了我很大的安慰。A. courage“勇气”；B. anger“愤怒”；C. pain“痛苦”；D. power“力量”。根据上文“When I finally started to talk, it comforted me to share all the”可知，作者可以与他人倾诉，从而分享自己内心的痛苦。故选C。
（15）句意：Melissa和Nicole真的倾听并理解我的感受，尽管我认为没有人会这样做。A. admitted“承认”；B. understood“理解”；C. requested“要求”；D. doubted“怀疑”。根据下文“what was experiencing”可知两个女孩主动倾听作者的倾诉，并理解作者的感受。故选B。
（16）句意：Melissa和Nicole真的倾听并理解我的感受，尽管我认为没有人会这样做。A. as though“好像”；B. now that“既然”；C. even though“尽管”；D. so that“为的是”。尽管作者认为没有人会倾听并理解作者的感受，但Melissa和Nicole做到了。even though引导让步状语从句。故选C。
（17）句意：她们的关心使我感到很温暖，很快我就有了一群朋友。A. blew“吹”；B. warmed“温暖”；C. picked“捡起”；D. brought“带来”。根据下文“me up so much that soon I had a whole group of friends”女孩们的关心让作者感受到温暖，让作者有了很多朋友。warm sb. up固定短语，“使某人暖和起来”。故选B。
（18）句意：我不再讨厌学校，我的问题也变得容易忍受多了。A. more common“更普遍的”；B. harder“更困难的”；C. easier“更容易的”；D. more serious“更严重的”。根据上文“I stopped hating school, and my problems became much”可知因为作者不再讨厌学校，所以作者的问题变得容易多了。故选C。
（19）句意：这只向你展示，你不必独自度过困难时期。A. think of“思考”；B. escape from“逃离”；C. care about“关心”；D. go through“经历，度过”。根据下文“the bad times alone”可知作者是想告诉我们：我们不必独自度过难关。故选D。
（20）句意：伸出你的手是帮助自己的最好方式。A. Reaching out“伸出”；B. Standing out“突出”；C. Giving out“分发”；D. Working out“解决”。根据下文“is the best way to help yourself”可知帮助自己的最好方式是伸出自己的手接受自救。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
7．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Buying
books on the Internet is a great way to save time and money. Online bookstores
offer new books and 　 　 (use) books that can save you a lot of money.
What's more, they are far better 　 　 (compare) to traditional bookstores as they
offer much broader kinds of books. You can either click the kind of e-books
online 　 　type the book title
and get it in seconds. Another advantage of shopping online 　 　 (be) that you can also read the book reviews
as well as readers' reviews to get an idea 　 　the book is worth buying. Online
bookstores offer great discounts, which is a big 　 　 (attract) for book lovers.
For
book lovers, 　 　 is most important to get books in time.
Therefore, you need to find a reliable online bookstore that will be able to
provide fast deliveries.
Here
are some tips to use when selecting an online bookstore. Some online bookstores
are popular for fiction books; some are for non-fiction books or novels, etc. 　 　 (understand) their specialization will help
you to get the right kinds of books in time. Check whether you will be buying
the books from a third party seller or 　 　 (direct) from the websites. Never jump at
stores that offer super cheap prices, as books 　 　 (sell) at such a low price could be in very
bad condition.
【答案】used；compared；or；is；whether；attraction；it；Understanding；directly；sold
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了网上买书的好处，主要有选择范围更广、先看到书评再确定值不值得买等优点。
（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：网上书店提供新书和二手书，可以帮你省很多钱。修饰books，并与books构成逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，因此用过去分词作定语，在此是形容词化的过去分词，意为"旧的，用过了的"。故填used 。
（2） 考查非谓语动词。句意：更重要的是，与传统书店相比，它们要好得多，因为它们提供了更广泛的书籍。compare与主语they之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词，故填compared 。
（3）考查固定搭配。句意：您可以在线点击电子书类型，也可以键入书名，并在数秒内获取。either… or…，固定短语，”或者......或者......“，故填or。
（4）考查时态。句意：网上购物的另一个优点是，您还可以阅读书评和读者评论，了解这本书是否值得购买。主语为Another advantage of shopping online，故谓语动词用单数。全文用一般现在时，故填is。
（5） 考查同位语从句。此处whether(是否)引导同位语从句，解释说明idea的具体内容。故填whether 。
（6） 考查名词。句意：网上书店提供优惠，这对书迷来说有很大的吸引力。由上文的a big可知此处应用单数名词，故填attraction。
（7）考查代词。句意：对于书迷来说，及时得到书是最重要的。此处it为形式主语，指代真正的主语to get books in time。故填it 。
（8） 考查非谓语动词。句意：了解它们的专长将帮助你及时获得合适的书籍。 their specialization作主语，因此用动名词，故填Understanding。
（9） 考查副词。句意：检查您是直接从第三方卖家购买图书，还是直接从网站购买图书。此处用副词directly修饰will be buying，故填directly 。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：一定不要接受那些价格超便宜的商店，因为以如此低的价格出售的图书可能处于非常糟糕的状态。此处在句中作定语，修饰books，且sell与books之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。故填sold 。
【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态，同位语从句，代词，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
五、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
8．（2020高一下·成都月考）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
John and his 10-year-old
son Chase search the streets of Salt Lake City every weekends for the perfect
person take to lunch. That they require is that the person is homeless. They
started it four years before to share a meal among someone, listen to them and
figure out how they can help. Mike Campbell is one of the first people they
took to lunch and we are still in touch. John or Chase know they can't solve
the homeless problem. They just hope the kindness will go on. "If we have
the other people come out and help, people will have a happily life."
Chase said.
【答案】①weekends →weekend ②take前面添加to ③That →What ④before →ago ⑤among →with ⑥is →was ⑦we →they ⑧or →and ⑨去掉other前面的the ⑩happily →happy
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了约翰和儿子Chase主动邀请无家可归者共进午餐一事。
①考查名词单复数。句意：约翰个他10岁的儿子Chase每个周末在盐湖城的大街上，寻找共进午餐的最合适的人。every修饰可数名词单数，表示“每一个……”，故weekends改为 weekend。
②考查非谓语动词。句意：每个周末，他们去街上寻找共进午餐的最合适的人。to take作定语修饰前面的person，故take前加to。
③考查主语从句。句意：他们需要的是无家可归的人。该句为主语从句，require为及物动词，需要宾语，且指物。故That改为What。
④考查副词。句意：他们四年前开始这么做，是为了和别人分享一顿饭，听听他们怎么说，看看他们能帮上什么忙。表示时间的副词before常用于完成时，ago用于一般过去时，故before改为ago。
⑤考查介词。share sth among sb，表示把特定的东西在很多人之间分享，东西属于大家的；share sth with sb，表示主语把自己的东西拿出来和那个人分享。此处为主语与sb共进（分享）午餐，故 among 改为with。
⑥考查时态。句意：Mike campbell 是他们第一个带去吃午饭的人，他们现在还有联系。发生在过去， 用一般过去时，故is改为was。
⑦考查代词。这里指他们仍然保持联系，故we改为they。
⑧考查连词。句意：约翰和Chase知道他们不能解决流浪汉的问题。该句的主语为并列的两者，而非选择关系，故or改为and。
⑨考查冠词。句意：如果我们有其他人出来帮忙，人们会过上幸福的生活。other“其他的，另外的”，泛指另一些。而the other+复数名词，指一个范围中余下的全部。此处，是指除了他们自己的其他人，没有范围，泛指，故去掉other前面的the。
⑩考查形容词。life为名词，由形容词修饰，故happily改为happy。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词，非谓语动词，主语从句，副词，介词，时态，代词，连词，冠词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
六、书面表达（满分25分）
9．（2020·合肥模拟）假定你是李华，是校乒乓球社团负责人。你校英国交换生 Peter 打算学习乒乓球，来信 询问你们社团暑期的乒乓球公益培训项目情况。请给他回信，内容包括：
1）培训时间和地点；
2）培训内容，如接( receive) 发 (serve) 球，对抗训练等；
3）报名方式。
注意：
1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】略
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给英国交换生 Peter 回信。写作背景：你是校乒乓球社团负责人。 Peter 打算学习乒乓球，来信 询问你们社团暑期的乒乓球公益培训项目情况。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）培训时间和地点；2）培训内容，如接( receive) 发 (serve) 球，对抗训练等；3）报名方式。考生需要根据写作要求，确定关键词，按照提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
【点评】本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
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