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高考英语翻译技巧讲解
考点分析
高考英语翻译题要求考生根据括号里所提示的单词将句子从汉语译成英语。
测试目标：翻译题主要考查考生对词汇，语法和句型结构的综合运用能力。
命题走向：翻译题不仅考查考生对所学英语基础知识的掌握程度，而且还要在一定程度上考查考生对中英两种语言表达差异的敏感性，要求考生将汉语的意思用符合英语语言习惯的句子表达出来。
专题详解
知识点
翻译步骤：看括号 定时态 抓主干 添枝叶
1. 直译和意译
直译和意译没有明确界限，往往是一句汉语整体可以直译，但局部（特别是成语和俗语）却要通过意译。
1． 注意逻辑主语的变化。
他的话让我忍俊不禁。
I couldn’t help laughing at what he had said.
那个国家又发生地震了。
Another earthquake broke out in that country.
要注意的随词汇改变语序的词还有take place, happen, appear, exist, occur, spring up
比如：It suddenly occurred to him that he had forgotten to take his driving license.
Lots of bars have sprung up in the streets of Shanghai.
你不可能独立完成任务。
It is impossible for you to complete the task alone.
2. 适当加和减词
我爸爸是老师，在重点中学教书。
My father is a teacher and teaches in a middle school.
每天早晨妈妈是全家第一个起床的人。
Every morning Mum is the first to get up in the family.
这是妈妈告诉我的。
This is what Mum told me.
门突然打开，进来了一位陌生人。
The door opened suddenly and in came a stranger.
他的包被抢了
He was robbed of his bag.
他抓住了小偷的胳膊。
He held the thief by the arm.
他虽然退休了，但仍然关心着公司的业务。
Though he has retired, he still cares about the company’s business.
3. 语序的变化
所有出席会议的人都拿到一张电影票。
All those present at the meeting got a film ticket.
我认为你找不到你的自行车了。
I don’ t think you can find your bicycle. I think/believe/suppose ‘
你认为我该去哪里买药？
Where do you think I should go to buy the medicine
他越说越激动
The more he said, the more excited he became.
我们就是在那家餐厅认识的。（It was…that）
It was in that restaurant that we got to know each other.
4. 词性的合理变化
这家超市能买到各种床上用品。
Bed clothes of all kinds are available at this supermarket. (adj.)
每年都有很多物种灭绝。
Every year many species of animals become extinct(adj.)
我们都非常赞成你的提议。
We are all in favor of ‘your proposal. (prep.)
因为缺钱，他不得不推迟度假。
Because of lack of money, he had to put off his vacation. (n.)
学生不能进教师阅览室。
Students have no access to the teachers’ reading room. (n.)
三、高考英语翻译题常设考点
时态语态
以“it”用法为主的考点
以动名词做主语的考点
以从句为主的考点
以倒装句型为主的考点
以动词或动词短语为主的考点
以常见句型结构为主的考点
以成语（谚语）为主的考点
（一）时态语态
翻译中时态的把握
1． 所给汉语句中如有明确的时间状语，可以作为时态判断的依据。
当时，那位出租车司机别无选择，只能求助于游客。（choice）
At that time the taxi driver had no choice but to turn to the tourist / traveler (for help).
在过去几年里，这家工厂用塑料代替木头来降低成本。(substitute)
In the past few years, this factory has substituted plastic for wood in order to reduce the cost.
2. 有些汉语句中没有明确时间状语，但是可以从句子结构，特别是括号内所给的连接词来判断动词时态。
请尽早作出决定，不然你会错失良机 (or)
Please make your decision quickly, or you will miss the good chance.
你一旦养成坏习惯，改掉它是很难的。(once)
Once you form / get into a bad habit, it’s very difficult to get rid of/ get out of it.
如果队员们不加强配合，我校篮球队就不可能在决赛中战胜对手。(unless)
Our school basketball team will not beat the opponents in the final match / final(s) unless the team members strengthen their cooperation / cooperate well with each other.
3. 描述客观现象，表达观点或愿望，得出结论的句子大都用表示现在的各种时态。
小组讨论有助于更好的理解课文。 (help)
Group discussion helps to understand the text better.
我希望尽快收到你的照片。
I hope that I can receive your photos as soon as possible.
多吃蔬菜和水果有益健康。（good）
Eating more vegetables and fruits does good to one’s health. . .
4 如果译文是复合句，要注意主从时态一致。
物理课上他没听懂王教授所讲的内容。 (fail)
In the physics class, he failed to understand what Professor Wang was talking about.
5. 翻译中有些动词要根据具体情况选用相应时态，有些时候一般现在时和一般过去式皆可以。
不管天有多晚，他从不把今天的事拖到明天(put off)
However late it is, he never puts off what must be done today till tomorrow.
However late it was, he never put off what he could do the day till the next day.
翻译中的语态
1． 有些所给汉语中没有明确的“被 ”，但翻译中宜用被动。比如不强调动词的实施者。
应该鼓励学生将课堂上所学的知识运用到实践中去。(encourage)
Students should be encourage to apply what they have learned in class to practice.
2. 有些主动被动都可以。
在大城市迷路没有关系，警察会给你指路的。
It doesn’t matter if you lose your way / get lost in a big city, for a policeman will show you the way.
小偷活该受到惩罚。
Thieves deserve severe punishment. / Thieves deserve to be. severely punished:
3. 注意非谓语以及其他特殊的用法比如easy 和difficult 用法。
他这人很容易相处。
He is very easy to get along with.
你这样穿着很容易感冒。
You will easily catch a cold if you are dressed like this.
有些汉语没有主语或者主语模糊。
1． 有些汉语句子的主语是“人们 ”， “大家 ”可以避开也可以直译。
人们相信好书如益友 (equal) 。It’s believed that a good book is equal to a good friend.
2． 有些汉语虽然没有给明确主语，但能从汉语特点翻译。
不努力则一事无成。(achieve)
Nothing can be achieved without efforts.
You/We/One can achieve nothing if you / we don’t / he doesn’t work hard.
不到长城非好汉。
One who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
3. 有些主语是人，但译成英语注意用法。
如果方便的话，请帮我从邮局取回包裹。(convenient)
If it is convenient to you, please fetch the parcel for me from the post office.
4. 有些没有明确主语，可以根据固定搭配译成英语比如“据说/ 据报道/ 据我所知 ”的翻译。
据报道，那歌声又遭受台风的袭击。(report)
It’s reported that a typhoon struck that province again.
（二）以“it”用法为主的考点
1、it作形式主语
当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
常见句型：
①It代替不定式作主语，常用句式有：
It+ be+名词+to do。
It takes sb +some time +to do。
It+ be+形容词+of/for sb +to do
十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。
It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.
遵守法律是每个人的义务。
It is everyone’s duty to obey the law.
②It代替动名词作主语，常限于no good, no use, useless, waste等词的后面。　
It’s no good/use doing 做某事没有用
It’s no use explaining this matter to her, for she is too young to understand it.
③有时为保持句子平衡，常用形式主语it 代替主语从句，而把主语从句置于句末，常用以it作形式主语的句型有：
It + be + 形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, quite clear, unusual, etc.) + that从句。
很清楚他们没有和平的诚意。
It was clear that they had no desire for peace.
It + be + 名词词组(a fact, good news, no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.) + that从句。
可惜工程师没能够来。
It was a pity that the engineer couldn’t come.
It + be + 过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.) + that从句。
据说至今对此没采取任何措施。
It is said that nothing has been done about it.
It + seem（看上去），appear（显得），happen（碰巧）, matter（关系重大），turn out（结果），occur to sb. （某人突然想起）等不及物动词及短语+ that从句。
恰好那天我不在那里。
It happened that I wasn’t there that day.
注意：要在It is suggested/required/desired/ordered/proposed…that…的主语从句中用虚拟语气：(should) + 动词原形。如：
　　①It is requested that he give a performance at the party.有人请求他在聚会上表演一个节目。　　　
　　②It is suggested that we should get everything ready by tonight.建议一切在今晚准备好。
2、it作形式宾语
当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。it 作形式宾语多用于下列句型中。
① 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时（如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等）。
They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.
他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。
I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.
我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。
We have made it a rule that those who are late for the meeting will be fined.
我们已定好了规矩，开会吃到的要罚款。
② 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句。
I don’t like it that he’s so lazy. 我不喜欢他那么懒惰。
I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. 我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。
③ that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语。
You may depend on it that we shall always help you.尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。
Would you see to it that she gets home early 你负责保证她早到家，好吗？
He insisted on it that he was innocent. 他坚持说自己是无辜的。
④ 由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it。
I leave it to your own judgment whether you should do it.我让你自己判断这事是否该做。
We owe it to you that there wasn’t a serious accident.多亏了你才没有发生严重事故。
3、强调句型
“it is /was …that… 用强调句形翻译时，中文里一般会出现“是…；“正是…”之类的提示语，括号里若给提示词，一般也为“（it…）”
It’s because of his perseverance that led to his late success.
考题再现
据报道政府将增加预算用于禁止在公共场所吸烟的行为。（It）
这个项目启动以来，已经消耗了相当多的时间和资金，但所有的任务能否按时完成还有待进一步观察。（but）
你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会吗 (possible)
大家一致认为任何有责任心和毅力的人都有资格申请该职位。(whoever)
练习
据报道，父母之间的关系将大大影响孩子的学习成绩。(It)
要不了多久我的同学们定能学会抵制网络游戏的诱惑。（It）
大家都认为很多自然灾害与非法砍伐树木息息相关。(It)
鼓励老年人到社区的托儿所帮忙是个不错的点子，这能让他们充分发挥作用。(It)
他立志决不向别人借钱。（it）
6）正是这种英语听说能力为他赢得了这个好机会。(earn)
（三）以动名词做主语的考点
动名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。
1. 勤洗手是避免疾病传染的有效方法之一。(infect)
2.充分利用时间并不意味着从早到晚不停地看书。(make full use of time)
3.长时间看电视有损视力。(do harm)
练习
和园丁们一起工作让我们学到许多关于花卉的知识。(enable)
2. 集邮几乎占据了他所有的业余时间。(occupy)
（四）以从句为主的考点
做中译英时， 并不一定要按中文排列的顺序逐字翻译， 而要仔细分析中文句子， 找出主要成分和附加的修饰成分， 先把英语译文的主要框架确定下来， 即确定句型。 这就涉及到了各种从句的结构。 在历年的从句考核中， 状语从句、 定语从句和宾语从句似乎考到次数最多的。
一、名词性从句
定义：在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
That the earth turns around the sun is known to all.
I want to know whether (if) he has passed the chemistry.
The trouble is that he has never done the work before.
The hope that he may recover is not gone yet.
名词性从句的词序：从句在句中要用陈述句语序。
引导名词性从句的连接词：
1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。
3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。
1、主语从句
① 主语从句在复合句作主语。
Who will go is not important.
② 用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。
It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.
③ that引导主语从句时，不能省略。
That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.
2、表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。
The question was who could go there.
3、宾语从句
宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。
宾语从句的位置在动词和介词后面，从中文中可以很容易地做出判断，例如“某人说/问/告诉/承认/承诺…”等。翻译宾语从句时要注意时态主从句一致。
他承认他对资金短缺的问题一无所知。(admit)
He admitted that he knew nothing about the problem of shortage of fund.
4、同位语从句
同位语从句与定语从句的中文很相似，有时也有“的”结构，但是用法不同。同位语从句也位于相应的名词后，和定语从句不同的是：同位语从句是对前面的名词进行解释，说明“事实、消息、想法、许诺”等具体内容， 用that 连接，且that 不能省略。
越来越多的大学生面临着这样一个事实：找一份适合的工作实属不易。(face)
More and more college students are faced with the fact that it is very hard to find a suitable job.
5、疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别。
① 疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句，在从句中要充当一定的部分。
Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.
You can choose whatever you like in the shop.
② 疑问词 + ever还可引导让步状语从句。
Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished,
Whatever you do, you must do it well.
③ no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。
No matter what you do, you must do it well.
No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.
练习
大家一致认为任何有责任心和毅力的人都有资格申请该职位。(whoever)
谁到得最晚，就得为今天的晚餐买单。(whoever)
老师问我在高考临近时我怎么能用如此快乐的方式自我放松。(relax)
邻居告诉我母亲如果我再把摇滚乐开到半夜，他们就要向警察投诉我。(complain)
当传来在飞机失事中无人生还的消息时，在场的人们都忍不住大哭起来。 (can’t help)
6. 无用信息的传播会对人类社会产生不利影响的事实已经引起公众的注意。(that)
二、状语从句
定义：状语从句(adverbial clause)在句中作状语，可修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句根据它们的含义分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、让步、条件、比较等九种。
1、状语从句连接词
从句类型 常用连接词
时间状语从句 when, before, since, while, as, until, as soon as, whenever, every time, each time, the first time, the next time, the moment, immediately, once, directly, hardly…when, no sooner…than the instant(一……就……), the minute
条件状语从句 if, unless, as long as只要，so long as只要， only if， whether…or…，in case, on condition (that)若是……，
目的状语从句 in order that, so …that, so that, in case, lest(以免), for fear that（以免）
结果状语从句 so that, so…that, such…that
原因状语从句 as, because, since, in that, seeing that, now that
让步状语从句 although, though, as, even though, even if, much as(虽然很)，whereas（鉴于）， despite，except， while(虽然)， in spite of the fact that , considering(that), no matter+wh, wh-ever
地点状语从句 where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere
方式状语从句 as, as though, as if ,
比较状语从句 as+形容词+as, as+副词+as， not so/as…as, 形容词或副词的比较级+than, more…than, less…than, the more…the more
高考翻译题要特别注意以下几种情况：
-ever引导的状语从句翻译：这组词包括however, whatever, whenever, wherever 等，看到中文里有“无论…，不管…”就要考虑用该句型，此外，表示 “无论…”的状语从句可以翻译成wh-ever 或no matter +how/what/ when/where引导的结构。
不管天有多晚，他从不把今天的事拖到明天。(put off)
无论他到哪里，都被灾难造成的破坏景象惊呆了。(shock）
2. 某些时间状语从句由the first time, each time, every time和the moment 等词组引导，它们既有实在的意思又有连词的作用，无需再于其他连词连用。
我第一次写作文时，犯了许多拼写错误。(make )
每次母亲回到家里，都发现他在玩电脑游戏。(Every time)
3. 某些条件状语从句表达为the more.., the more…句式。当中文里有“越…, 越…”的时候，就要考虑用这个句式。翻译这个句式时，the 后面可以加上adj. &adv. 的比较级，或是adj 的比较级+所修饰的名词， 然后再是句子的陈述句语序。
书是人类的好朋友，读得越多，就越有好处。(the more…,the more…)
练习
进入丛林不远，只见一条清澈的小溪映入了我们的眼帘。 ( before )
每位同学就坐后老师才开始上课。（until）
虽然大多数孩子喜欢吃快餐，但科学研究显示汉堡和匹萨缺乏身体健康和成长所必须的矿物质及维生素.(Although)
无论遇到什么困难，只要你坚持不懈地努力，你所有的梦想都会实现。（Whatever）
没有什么风景能比得上我现在看到的景色。（than）
.
练得越多，你的钢琴弹的就越好。（the more）
万一家具在大火中毁掉了，保险公司是否会支付所有的损失？（in case）
如今很多蔬菜种植在温室里而不是菜园里，为的是不受风雨和昆虫的侵害。(so that)
三、定语从句
定语从句是每年翻译题的必设考点。定语从句是用于修饰名词或代词的，在英语中，紧随名词或代词之后。定语从句翻译的技巧和注意点如下：
1）可根据中文进行判断是否需要用定语从句翻译：
限定性定语从句，中文中有 “的”结构
非限定性定语从句，中文中 “这指的是”、这意味着是…” 等总结上下文的词出现。
2）定语从句必须紧跟在先行词后，先行词不能重复在从句中出现。
3）要选择正确的关系代词和关系副词进行翻译。
定语从句翻译例题
选举结果出乎意料，这令大多数人颇为失望。（which）
有六十多个社会团体将参与本次艺术节，这听起来太棒了。（which）
.
练习
他最近忙于找工作，结果没有通过期末考试，这让他的老师很生气。(which)
如何保护我们的视力是个重要的问题，每个青少年都应该知道答案。（whose）
鼓励市民买电动汽车，这从长远来看将有助于促进低碳经济。(which)
（五）倒装句型
倒装句"主要指的是谓语语序的倒装,当然也有宾语和表语语序的倒装。倒装句分为两种，部分倒装（将谓语的一部分提到主语之前）和全部倒装（将谓语的全部提到主语之前）。
1、部分倒装
部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do / does / did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。部分倒装主要有以下几种情况:
句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子
这类词或短语主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, not only, in no way, at no time, few, not, no等
Not a word did I say to him.
Never have I found him so happy.
Little does he care about what I said.
I can't swim. Neither can he.
No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.
only + 状语放在句首,要部分倒装
Only by this means is it possible to explain it. (介词短语)
Only then did I realize the importance of math. (副词)
Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. (从句)
so或so引导的短语放在句首,要部分倒装
So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.
“Not only + 分句,but also + 分句”句型中的前一分句要部分倒装
Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good at speaking it.
Not only are the students planting trees, but also the teacher is.
但not only...but also...连接主语时,不倒装
Not only the mother but also the children are sick.
Not until放在句首,从句不倒装,主句倒装
Not until last week did they find the lost bike.
Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time.
as引导的让步状语从句
Proud as these nobles are, he's afraid to see me.
Tired as he was, he kept on running.
2、全部倒装
全部倒装有以下几种情况:
There be结构。另外, 可用的动词有:exist, rise, seem, happen, live, stand, lie等代替be动词
There stood a dog before him.
There are different opinions on this question.
"Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be等) + 主语" 结构
说明:本句型中there是副词,应重读,强调地点。而前一句型中的there是引导词,本身没意义
Here comes the old lady!
There comes the bus.
Now comes your turn.
Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.
注意：
1.then引导的句子用过去式以外,其余的均用一般现在时,表示一种生动的描述
2.如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装
Here you are.
There she comes.
表示方向的副词out, in, up, down等置于句首,要用全部倒装
In came Mr. White.
Up went the arrow into the air.
Away went the boy.
表示地点的介词短语 (如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)放在句首时,要全部倒装。
On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.
In front of the classroom is a playground.
“分词+ be + 主语”结构。
Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.
Hanging on the wall were two raincoats.
Gone are the days when the Chinese people used “yangyou”.
练习
他再也无法忍受没有被晋升为部门经理的事实。(No longer)
只有相关各方更多地关注青少年，他们才能形成正确的价值观。（Only）
电脑技术正变得如此先进以至于它使电脑尺寸越来越小，速度越来越快。（So…）
桌上有本最新版的英语字典。（On）
智能手机（smartphone）不仅让你了解世界上发生的事情，而且可以让你随时随地上网购物。(not only)
7) 玛丽的表演从来没有这样令人印象深刻。(Never…)
8) 只有当你理解领会了这种知识，才能记住它。( Only )
（六）以动词或动词短语为主的考点
纵观历届高考翻译题型，每题的考核点始终保持在2至3个之间。在所有考核点中，短语的地位最为重要。基本上在每次考试中，考短语的考核点都占总考核点的一半左右。而在对短语的考核中，动词短语的地位是不言而喻的。高考的短语，十有八九考的是动词短语。
已经采取了新措施来防止这种疾病蔓延。（prevent）
应该鼓励学生将课堂上所学的知识用于实践中去。（apply）
（七）以常见句型结构为主的考点
1. As is known ( to us all ), … = It is known (to us all) that …
2. It seems that sb./sth.… =sb./sth. seems to…
It appears (to sb) that …=sb./sth. appears to…
3. It (so)happened that sb./sth.…=sb./sth. happened to…
4. There is/are….
There seems to be…
There happened to be…
There must have been…
There is going to/will be…
5. Sth occurred to sb
It (suddenly) occurred to sb that …
It never occurred to sb that… = It didn’t occur to sb that…
6. It is said / reported that sb./sth.… = sb / sth is said / reported to do…
It is believed that sb./sth.… = sb / sth is believed to do……
7. It is no good / use doing …
They think / consider / feel it no use / good doing
It is likely that sb./sth.… = sb / sth is likely to do…
It is possible / probable that sb./sth.…
8. It is hard to imagine /say / believe…
It is no wonder that…
9. It takes sb. some time to do sth.
Sb. takes some time to do sth.
Sb. spends time/money doing sth / on sth
10. When/Whenever it comes to sb./sth/doing sth, …
11. It (still) remains a question whether …= Whether … remains a question.
Whether … remains to be seen.
Whether … ( or not ) mainly depends on …
12. It matters a lot / little whether/who/how…
It doesn’t matter whether/who/how…
What (really) matters (to sb) is …
13. You make it a rule to do / that…
They make it possible / clear (for sb) to do / that …
We find / feel / think / consider it +adj. / n. (for sb) to do / that…
We think / consider / feel it a great honor to do sth
14. keep / bear sth in mind → keep / bear in mind that…
15. take sth. for granted
take it for granted that … = It is taken for granted that…
16. see to sth.
see to it that … = make sure that …
17. I would appreciate it (very much) if you could do sth.
I would be grateful/thankful (to sb.) if you could do sth.
18. It won’t be long before …
→It will be …before…
It is / was the first / second time that … (现在完成时 / 过去完成时)
19. It is up to sb. to do sth.
20. It was+强调部分+ that …
Sb. do / does / did +v.
21. not … until 直到……才……
→It is/was not until… that…
→Not until…
22. The first time +从句 …= When… for the first time,…
Every time / Each time …= Whenever…
The moment / The instant / Directly… = As soon as… 一…… 就
23. no sooner … than / hardly … when
I had no sooner left than she called. =No sooner had I left than she called.
24. n. / adj. / adv. + as / though + S + V 虽然……
25. However / No matter how + adj. / adv. + S + V,…
whatever / wherever / whenever / whichever / whoever / whomever / whether
26. The more … the more …
27. There is no / not much point in doing …
There is no need (for sb) to do …
There is no doubt that …
There is no possibility of doing / that …
There is no denying that …
28. Chances are that … 可能……
29. since / now that 既然
30. It is / has been some time since … (过去式)
It was some time since … (过去完成时)
31. Those who…
32. He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.
He is one of the students who have passed the exam.
33. 倒装 ①全部倒装 ②部分倒装
Only +状语（短语/从句）
34. 祈使句，and / or +陈述句
35. not … but…
36. Word came that …
37. The reason why / for… was / is that ...
38. What impressed / struck us most was that…
What matters (to sb.) is that…
39. With the development / improvement / rise / increase / advance / help of …
40. Contrary to one’s wish / expectation / what people (had) expected / thought
41. cannot /never …too / can’t… enough --- 怎样也不过分----
42. not necessarily 未必---
43. take … into consideration / account
（八）以成语（谚语）为主的考点
机不可失,失不在来 Opportunity knocks only once
事实胜于雄辩 Actions speak louder than words
活到老学到老 It is never too old to learn
千里之行始于足下 A thousand –li journey begins /starts with the first step
人不可貌相,海水不可斗量
A man can’t be judged by his appearance, nor can the sea water be measured by bucket.
宾至如归 feel at home/home like
并驾齐驱 keep pace with/keep up with
8. 默默无闻 be unknown to the public/remain unknown/nameless
9. 百读不厌. be worth reading again and again
10.并非一日之功 sth be not the work of a single day/sth be not made in a single day (Rome was not built in a day.)
11.勤能补拙 hard work can make up for lack of intelligence
12.留连忘返 want to stay longer/not want to leave so soon
13.获益匪浅 benefit a lot from sth/profit from/by sth
14.理所当然 It’s only right and natural that…/It goes without saying that…
15.略胜一筹 be slightly superior to/be better than
16.满载而归 back home /return with fruitful results/with load honors
17.梦寐以求 dream of sth /dream about sth /long for sth day and night
18.名列前茅 come out in front /leave many others behind/ rank high on the list
名列第一 second to none/ come out first/rank first on the list
19无以伦比 beyond comparison /incomparable/unique
20迫不及待 can’t wait to do /too impatient to wait/wait impatiently
21.全力以赴 spare no effort to do sth / devote oneself to (doing)sth
21.三心二意 change one’s mind constantly/be of two minds about sth/have two minds about sth/be undecided about sth/be changeable about sth
22.光阴似箭 Time doesn’t wait for us/How time flies/Time and tide wait for no man.
23.熟能生巧 Practice makes perfect.
24.鼠目寸光 short-sighted/near-sighted
25.置若罔闻 turn a deaf ear to sth /take no notice of sth
熟视无睹 turn a blind eye to sth
26.喜出望外/欣喜若狂 be wild with joy
27.爱不释手 can’t bear /stand to put sth down (leave sth aside)/can hardly tear oneself away from sth
28.不厌其烦 be patient in doing sth/do sth with great patience
29.碍手碍脚 be /get /stand in the way
30.安然无恙 (be) safe and sound
31.昂首阔步 march forward in high spirits
32.半途而废 drop out /give up halfway
33..奔走相告 run around/about spreading the news/spread news far and wide
34.必由之路 the inevitable way to do sth/ the only way to do sth
35.标新立异 seek to be different/strive to be unique
36.别出心裁 (同上)
37.别开生面 start sth new
40.不出所料 just as expected/within expectations
41.不合适宜 out of date/fashion
42.不慌不忙 calmly/unhurriedly
43.不假思索/毫不犹豫 without hesitation
44.不可估量 immeasurable /beyond measure
45.不可思议 incredible/unbelievable/unimaginable/beyond belief
46.不可救药 incurable/beyond cure
47.不容质疑 There is no doubt that…/ It goes without saying that…
48. 不失时机 seize every opportunity to do sth/not lose the chance to do sth/ not miss the chance to do sth
49.环顾四周 look about/around
50. 情不自禁/不由自主can’t help doing sth /can’t help but do sth
51.车水马龙/ 人山人海sp. be crowded with people and vehicles/sp be crowded with heavy traffic and a sea of people
52.出乎意料 to one’s surprise/out of one’s expectation/unexpectedly
53. 全心全意/诚心诚意 do sth heart and soul/do sth from the bottom of one’s heart
54. 持之以恒 persevere in doing sth /stick to doing sth /insist on doing sth/persist in doing sth
55出人头地 .get ahead/mark one’s name
56.驰名中外 be famous at home and abroad
57.首屈一指/出类拔萃 be second to none/get ahead of all the others/ be outstanding/be remarkable/stand out
59.吹毛求疵 find fault with sb
60.从容不迫do sth with great ease/unhurriedly/ calmly
61.错综复杂 be complicated/be complex
62.引人注目 catch one’s eye/attract one’s attention/catch one’s attention/call one’s attention/draw one’s attention/hold one’s attention /be noticeable。
63.依依不舍 be reluctant to part /can’t bear to part /can’t tear oneself away from sp.
64.坐失良机 miss golden opportunities/let golden opportunities slip by
66.有目共睹 It is clear to all that…/It is obviously seen that…
67.杂乱无章 be in a mess/ be out of order/ be in disorder
69.置之度外 with no thought for/not care about sth/without thinking of sth
70.专心致志 be absorbed in (doing )sth/concentrate on(doing )sth/be devoted to(doing) sth/put one’s heart into (doing) sth /get lost in (doing) sth/ be engrossed in (doing)sth
71.心不在焉 be absent-minded/be inattentive
例题及练习
这款电子词典值得买吗？ (worth)
这孩子年龄太小，无法应对这么复杂的局面。(too…to…)
当我心情不佳时，我常听听音乐来去除烦恼。(mood)
经过热烈讨论，我们一致同意再为那所小学捐赠一台电脑。(agree)
事实证明网络购物存在风险，因此下定单之前一定要深思熟虑。(exist)
练习
（一）
应该鼓励年轻人按照自己的特长选择职业。(encourage)
我对学生所谈的电子产品一无所知, 我发现自己落伍了。(ignorant)
3.为追求时尚而付出高昂代价的人应该尽早改变这种生活方式。（those）
我发现要说服父母让我在暑假里学习法语是件困难的事。(persuade)
5.有的国家鼓励居民用电，用得越多，价格就越便宜。(the more…,the more…)
（二）
你很有可能在这次考试中取得好成绩。(likely)
每天摄入太多的盐和糖会对人体的健康造成严重的损害。(take in)
汽油价格的不断上涨对人民的生活和国家的经济发展产生了很大的影响。(affect)
迄今虽说屡屡采取严控措施，但绝大多数人仍然觉得难以承担目前的高房价。(though)
5、他向经理保证,一经录用，他会竭尽所能为公司服务，绝不辜负公司的期望并为自己的理想打拼。(assure)
强化练习
（一）
一个没有方向感的人在陌生地方很容易迷路。(sense)
不管我们将来干什么，掌握英语总是有用的。(command. n.)
只有对他说真话才能帮助他避免犯愚蠢的错误。(Only)
新落成的教学大楼将以那位科学家的名字命名，纪念他举世无双的成就。(memory)
当你心情不好的时候，想想美好的事就会去除烦恼。(mood, free)
6. 她不情愿地承认，正是因为她缺乏经验，她才不知道如何应对这种严重的情况。
(reluctant, 强调句)
（二）
如果必要，马上请医生。（if）
她一直幻想着自己变成了故事中的女孩。（imagine）
当你紧张的时候，深呼吸可以帮你冷静下来。（breath）
对于这件事，所有在场的人除了保持沉默，别无选择。（but）
这个职位要求太高，以至于所有的申请者在面试时都非常紧张。（interview）
6．在西方，超过18岁的年轻人独立生活被认为是理所当然。（take for granted）
（三）
在网上， 我们可以获得我们想要的任何信息。（available）
学会与他人和睦相处对每个人都很重要。（It）
你一旦允诺做某事，你一定要遵守诺言。（Once）
不管有多忙，老师总是抽时间帮我复习数学。（spare）
你的词汇量越大， 你英语写作越容易。（The more… the more）
6．进了这所寄宿制学校（boarding school）后我才意识到自己以前是多么依赖父母。（Not until）
（四）
1．60年前，新生的中华人民共和国还不为许多国家广为承认。（recognize）
只有通过亲身体验，你才能理解志愿服务有多么重要！ （figure out）
据报道，世博前这条马路已被拓宽来改善交通条件。 （report）
令我们宽慰的是，地震发生的时候，大楼里碰巧没有人。 （happen）
停车场足够大，可以容纳数百辆车，这使得居民停车非常方便。（hold）
6．她是个如此爱忘事的女孩以至总是丢三落四，有时别无选择只得买新的了。（alternative）
参考答案
例题
Is this electronic dictionary worth buying
This child is too young to deal with such a complex situation.
When I am in a bad mood,I often listen to music to be free from/to get rid of worries/annoyance.
After a heated discussion,we all agree on donating another computer for that primary school.
The fact proves that risks exist in online shopping ,so be sure to think /consider carefully before buying something/playing an order.
练习
（一） Young people should be encouraged to choose their careers according to their own strong points.
Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find myself left behind.
Those who follow the fashion at great cost should change their lifestyle as soon as possible.
I found it hard/difficult to persuade my parents to let me learn French in the summer vacation.
In some countries the residents are encouraged to use electricity: the more they use, the lower the price will be.
（二）
1. You are most likely to achieve good results in this examination. / It’s most likely that you will achieve good results in this examination.
2. Taking in too much salt and sugar every day will / may cause serious damage to people’s health. / It will / may cause serious damage to people’s health if they take in too much salt and sugar every day.
3. The constant / continuous rise in gasoline prices / That the prices of gasoline went up / rose constantly / continuously has greatly affected the people’s life and the development of the country’s economy.
4. Though severe / strict control measures have been taken repeatedly / again and again by now / up to now, the vast majority of people / most people still feel / find it difficult / hard to afford the current high housing prices.
5. He assured the manager that if / once (he was) appointed / accepted, he would do his best to work for / serve the company, live up to the expectation of the company and strive for his own ideal.
强化练习
（一）
1.One who has no sense of direction will easily get lost in strange places.
2.Whatever we do/are in the future, it will always be useful to have a good command of English.
3.Only by telling him the truth can we help him avoid making that stupid mistake.
4.The newly-completed teaching building will be named after that scientist in memory of his unique achievements.
5.When you are in a bad mood, you will be free from worry if you think of something nice.
6.She was reluctant to admit that it was because she was inexperienced that she didn’t know how to deal with the serious situation.
（二）
1．Send for a doctor at once if necessary.
2．She is always imagining herself becoming the girl in the story.
3．When you are nervous, taking a deep breath can help you calm down.
4．As for this matter, all the people present had no choice/ alternative but to keep silent.
5．So demanding is this position that all the applicants are very nervous in/ during the interview.
6．In the West, it is taken for granted that young people over 18 years old live independently.
（三）
1．Any information is available to us on the Internet．
2．It is important for everyone to learn to get along well with others/live together in peace/live in harmony with others．
3．Once you promise to do something, you must keep your word/keep it．
4．However busy the teacher is, he /she always spares time to help me with my math．
5．The larger your vocabulary is, the easier it is for you to write a composition．
6．Not until I entered the boarding school did I realize how much I depended on my parents before．
（四）
1．Sixty years ago, the newly-born People’s Republic of China was not widely recognized by most countries．
2．Only by your own experience can you figure out how important volunteer work is!
3．The road is reported to have been widened to improve the traffic condition before the EXPO．
4．To our relief, there happened to be none in the building when the earthquake occurred．
5．The parking lot is big enough to hold more than a hundred cars, making it convenient for residents to park their cars．
6．So forgetful a girl she is that she is always leaving things here and there and sometimes has no alternative but to buy something new．
She is so forgetful a girl that she is…………
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