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北京市五年（2018-2022）高考英语真题分题型分层汇编-作文
一、建议信
1．（2021·北京·高考真题）【北京卷】假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你和英国好友Jim原定本周末一起外出，你因故不能赴约。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.表达歉意并说明原因;
2.提出建议并给出理由。
注意：
1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
2．（2018·北京·高考真题）【2018·北京】假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括：
(1) 表示欢迎；
(2) 推荐他上哪所大学；
(3) 建议他做哪些准备工作。
注意：(1). 词数不少于50；
(2). 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
二、邀请信
3．（2022·北京·高考真题）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你打算邀请英国好友Jim为你们班做一次关于英语写作的线上经验交流。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1．建议交流的具体内容及其原因；
2．交流时间和其他相关事项。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
三、推荐信
4．（2020·北京·高考真题）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校英语戏剧俱乐部外籍指导教师Jim因疫情滞留英国。复学在即，作为俱乐部负责人，你给Jim写一封电子邮件，请他推荐一名外籍指导教师，内容包括：
1. 条件及要求；
2. 表示感谢并提醒注意防护。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
四、其他应用文
5．（2019·北京·高考真题）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 交通出行；
2. 必备衣物。
注意：
1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
五、图画作文
6．（2020·北京·高考真题）假设你是红星中学高三（1）班班长李华。居家学习期间，你们班开展了一次以“自律”为主题的调研活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文稿件，给你们学校英文网站投稿，记述你在本次活动中发现问题并解决问题的过程。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：自律 self-discipline
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7．（2019·北京·高考真题）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：西瓜watermelon
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8．（2018·北京·高考真题）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述你们上周接待外国学生，带领他们体验中国茶文化的全过程。
注意：词数不少于60。
(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．Dear Jim,
I’m sorry to inform you that I can’t go out with you this weekend. I’ve just been told that I have to go and visit my sick grandfather in the countryside, who was suddenly admitted to the hospital. I hope the change won’t cause you too much trouble.
How about going out next Saturday morning If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at the school gate at 9: 00. Please let me know what time suits you best. I should be available anytime next weekend.
In addition, next Saturday, there will be a flower show in Beihai Park. Then we can go to see the flowers together.
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国好友Jim写一封电子邮件，就因故不能赴约而致歉并建议再约。
【详解】1.词汇积累
通知：tell→inform
除此之外：in addition→besides
适合：fit→suit
有空的：available→free
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In addition, next Saturday, there will be a flower show in Beihai Park. Then we can go to see the flowers together.
拓展句：In addition, there will be a flower show in Beihai Park next Saturday, when we can go to see the flowers together.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m sorry to inform you that I can’t go out with you this weekend.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I’ve just been told that I have to go and visit my sick grandfather in the countryside, who was suddenly admitted to the hospital. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句)
2．Dear Jim,
I’m so glad to hear your future education plan in Beijing in your last letter. First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am sure you will have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.
Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China. Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you where you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich culture. As for preparation, some reading in advance in needed like The Story of the Stone while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment.
I sincerely hope your dream will come true and it’s my pleasure to show you around in Beijing when that day comes. If you have further questions, please feel free to let me know.
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】本文为提纲式作文，文章要求写推荐信，为英国朋友介绍北京的大学。首先可以介绍一下写作背景（Jim对中国文化感兴趣，要来中国学习），表达欢迎。然后推荐一所大学，并简要介绍推荐的原因（如大学的特色，可以学到什么等）。再次简单介绍应该做哪方面的准备，如可以提前学习汉语，读点有关中国传统文化的书，了解中国的习俗，让自己更好地适应中国的生活。文章可采用一般现在时，人称可以使用第二人称。
亮点说明：文章中巧妙使用非谓语Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture, 使句子结构紧凑。
使用定语从句Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you where you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich culture. 使句子表达更完美；巧妙使用连接词while引出来中国前的准备，使句子结构对称。
3．Dear Jim,
How’s everything
I’m writing to invite you to give us an online talk on English writing. Our classmates seem to be weak in organisation. Would you please give us some suggestions on how to connect sentences logically, how to develop a paragraph, and how to structure an essay
The talk will last about an hour, and you can decide on a date at your convenience. Please let me know which platform you’ll use. It would be great if we could have a 10-minute question and answer session at the end of your talk.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一份电子邮件，邀请英国好友Jim为班级做一次关于英语写作的线上经验交流
【详解】1.词汇积累
最近好吗：How’s everything → How’s it going
提供、给予：give → offer / provide
不擅长：be weak in → be bad at / be poor in
建议：suggestion → advice
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing to invite you to give us an online talk on English writing.
拓展句：I’m writing to ask if it is convenient for you to offer us an online talk on English writing.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Would you please give us some suggestions on how to connect sentences logically, how to develop a paragraph, and how to structure an essay (运用了疑问词+不定式作宾语)
【高分句型2】It would be great if we could have a 10-minute question and answer session at the end of your talk.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
4．Dear Jim,
How are you doing I hope everything's OK with you.
Our school's drama club plans to start practising. Since you're away in Britain, we need a drama teacher to be in your place. Would you please recommend one for us
He or she should be a native English speaker, currently in Beijing, and experienced in both directing and teaching.
Thank you for your help. Please take care of yourself. Remember to wear a mask when necessary.
Best wishes,
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校英语戏剧俱乐部外籍指导教师Jim因疫情滞留英国。复学在即，作为俱乐部负责人，你给Jim写一封电子邮件，请他推荐一名外籍指导教师，内容包括：1. 条件及要求；2. 表示感谢并提醒注意防护。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：drama club (戏剧俱乐部)；plan to do sth.(计划做某事)；in one's place(代替某人)；recommend(推荐)；a native English speaker(以英语为母语的人)；currently (目前)；experienced(熟练的)；both…and…(两者都……)；take care of(照顾)；wear a mask(戴口罩)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Since you're away in Britain, we need a drama teacher to be in your place.运用原因状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
5．Dear Jim,
I’m pleased that you’re coming to tour in China.
I suggest that you begin from Beijing, and I’ll show you around. Tianjin will be your next stop. After that, you can go to Shanghai, where you can stay for a week. You can take high-speed trains to both cities.
Summer in these cities is hot and rainy, so take summer wear plus an umbrella with you.
Looking forward to your arrival.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，要求给朋友写回信。
【详解】红星中学高三学生李华的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。要求给他回复邮件，内容包括: 1.交通出行；2.必备衣物。本文时态应采用一般现在时和一般将来时，用第一人称和第二人称来写。文章可以分为三部分来写：首先表达欢迎Jim来中国；然后交代交通出行和必备衣物；最后盼望朋友的到来。注意使用高级词汇和句式，为文章增添色彩；注意使用连接词、衔接词，使文章自然、流畅。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言表述流畅。文章使用了几个高分句型。that you’re coming to tour in China.和that you begin from Beijing, and I’ll show you around.是宾语从句。where you can stay for a week.是非限制性定语从句。
6．One possible version:
While studying at home, I surveyed my class on “self-discipline”. The findings worried me a lot.
To solve the problem, I asked my parents for help, and they offered some practical advice. Then I held an online discussion with my classmates on how to well discipline ourselves. After that, we all knew better what to do.
Three months later, I did a second survey, which showed great improvements in self-discipline. I phoned my teacher about it, and we both felt very pleased.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。这是一篇图画作文，要求考生按以下四幅图的先后顺序，就你开展“自律”调研活动中发现问题并解决问题的过程写一篇英文稿件，向学校英文网站投稿。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般过去时
人称：第一人称为主
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1. 表明写作主题——“自律”
2. 根据图片描写事件过程：
第一幅图片描写自己对“自律”调研结果很担忧；
第二幅图片描写自己向父母求助解决方法/建议；
第三幅图片描写自己和同学们在网上讨论如何自律；
第四幅图片描写三个月后，大家自律能力有了很大提高，我和老师很高兴。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
ask sb. for help；practical advice；an online discussion；do a second survey
第三步：连词成句
1. I asked my parents for help, and they offered some practical advice.
2. Then I held an online discussion with my classmates on how to well discipline ourselves.
3. I did a second survey, which showed great improvements in self-discipline.
(根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。）
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last, Last but not least
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also), including, also
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although + clause (从句), In spite of + n/doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
5表换一种方式表达：In other words, that is to say,
6.表进行举例说明：For example; For instance; such as + n/doing
7.表陈述事实：In fact, frankly speaking
8.表选择：either…or…，or
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，结构严谨，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如which showed great improvements in self-discipline这句话中用了which引导的非限制性定语从句；使用了非常好的短语，如ask sb. for help，an online discussion，do a second survey等，为文章增色不少。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
7．Last week I took part in a farmwork programme in the suburbs.
At the class meeting, our teacher told us about the programme with the theme “Working is most beautiful”. And he stressed the importance of working with our own hands.
When I got home, I packed up my luggage for the trip.
On the farm, we helped pick watermelons. While working, I realised how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun.
When I came back home, I shared my experiences with my parents. And they were very proud of me.
【分析】本文属于图画作文，要求根据图画内容写一篇英文周记。
【详解】假如你是红星中学高三学生李华，你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。要求根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。分析四幅图可知，图画作文内容要点比较清晰，其中包括：老师宣布活动内容和意义，我为活动准备，在农场的劳动过程，介绍活动感受。这样有利于学生写作时发挥与扩展。全文可分成三部分，开头段概括活动，中间段描述图画，结尾段总结收获和意义。文章用第一人称来写，使用一般过去时。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言表述通顺。使用了连接词、衔接词，使文章自然、流畅。文章使用了宾语从句how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun.，还使用了At the class meeting, When I got home, On the farm, While working, When I came back home等过渡词，使文章上下文衔接流畅。
8．Last week, we took the foreign students in our school to experience the authentic tea culture, which turned out be to extremely rewarding.
On arriving at the tea house, the foreign students were impressed by the unique tea pots and tea cups. I gave them a vivid and informative introduction of tea culture, including its profound history, its rich variety, and the exquisite craftsmanship of making tea with their interest greatly sparked, I then began to teach them how to make tea.
In order to deliver a clear presentation, I slowly explained the traditional procedure of making tea in detail. Absorbed in every move of mine, the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique culture and they couldn’t help taking pictures from time to time.
Next came the moment when I asked them to have a try themselves. Washing the tea pots, adding tea leaves, and pouring water into the cups, they followed my instructions and were really immersed in charming tea culture. The tea house witnessed a really enjoyable time for all of us.
At the end of the activity, holding the tea bags in our hands, we took a picture to memorize the unforgettable day. It suddenly hit me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value. And I swelled with pride to spread our own culture to people all over the world.
【详解】本文为图片介绍类作文，这类作文是根据给出的一幅或几幅图画所提供的信息写短文。此类题的体裁较广泛，可以是记叙文、说明文，也可以是议论文。按照本文的要求可知，是写一篇记叙文。
1. 认真读图，把握中心。
根据提示可知，内容是带领外国学生体验中国茶文化的全过程，介绍了茶具，泡茶，沏茶，品茶的过程，所以这是这组图画所要表达的中心。
2. 初步构思，考虑用词、短语、句型和时态。
在把握了文章的中心后，应在内心构思一个基本的框架，并考虑使用恰当的词语、短语和句型，以充分地表达文章的内容。本文是讲述上周发生的事情，故时态要以过去时为主，人称是第一人称，尽可能地充分利用所学的短语或句型来表述具体的内容。这是体现自身能力的重要一环。
3. 连词成句，然后再连句成文。
运用适当的单词或短语正确表达各图的意思。然后再将各图的单个句子串连起来。
串连时，要注意使用适当的连接词语或过渡性语句，不至于让读者觉得文章中出现跳跃现象，更使上下文更为紧凑、自然。
4. 反复审核，修改错误。
一篇文章写好后，应进行检查，看短文中是否有错，如拼写、用词、时态、语态及表达方面的错误。
5. 宜详则详，该略则略。
对于一些细节方面的内容，如果是文章必不可少的，在写作过程中是不可将其忽略的。
如果是可有可无的细节，则可视具体情况进行增删。据此，我们在读图时一定要注意阅读各图中的一些细节内容，看其是否影响文章的内容。
亮点说明：
巧妙使用定语从句，提升了文章档次：Last week, we took the foreign students in our school to experience the authentic tea culture, which turned out be to extremely rewarding.
使用非谓语动词，使句子表达更简洁：
On arriving at the tea house…
I gave them a vivid and informative introduction of tea culture, including its profound history, its rich variety,
Absorbed in every move of mine, the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique culture
holding the tea bags in our hands, we took a picture to memorize the unforgettable day.
使用倒装句突出重点。
Next came the moment when I asked them to have a try themselves.
使用it做形式主语，使表达更地道。
It suddenly hit me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.
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