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Ltu:.tr thtfi ffr # *{+& E FjrEEXfi'*mffi , Anf-+"4 f xf lF/\R.&+ drVJ#JeW@ffi " t it&{f fEIF.t,& Xffiffi*WE(cE.l+)"IH=4f+6A6Enir[iil6 (Hr+6 + 14 E) I2022-2023下学年高三年级T0P二十名校四月冲刺考（一）高三理科综合能力测试参考答案1.【答案】A【解析】农作物轮作主要是考虑土壤中无机盐的利用情况，不同作物对无机盐的吸收有差异，在同一块土地上连续种植谷子会导致土地贫瘠，产量降低，A符合题意；禾苗幼小时单独生长，可充分接受光照，长大后彼此依靠可以抗倒伏，稀疏适度能保证叶片充分接受光照，提高光能利用率，B不符合题意；种五谷的田地中不可以种果树，果树下可种植瓜果，能提高光能利用率：C不符合题意：播种时行和垅要整齐，长出秧苗后才能“正其行，通其风”，这样可以使田间空气流通，有利于提高暗反应的速率，从而提高光合速率，D不符合题意。2.【答案】B【解析】为证明唾液淀粉酶能催化淀粉水解，应设置不加唾液淀粉酶的对照组，因此第4组需加人淀粉、蒸馏水，用碘液检测淀粉是否水解，与第1组形成对照，A正确；若第2组加碘液检测后颜色比第1组浅，说明第2组淀粉的水解量多，唾液淀粉酶的活性高，但只能说明NC1能提高唾液淀粉酶的活性，不能排除钠离子的影响，B错误：第3组检测后颜色比第1组深，能得出C-S0:抑制唾液淀粉酶活性的结论，但无法确定是铜离子的作用，C正确：本实验还需要设置一组加入淀粉、唾液淀粉酶、Na,SO4、碘液的对照组以排除Na、SOˉ的作用，D正确。3.【答案】D【解析】细胞代谢主要发生在细胞质基质中，A错误：内环境稳态除渗透压、pH、温度等理化性质保持相对稳定外，还包括各种化学成分的相对稳定，B错误：毛细血管的管壁细胞生活在血浆和组织液中，毛细淋巴管的管壁细胞生活在淋巴和组织液中，C错误；组织细胞从环境中获取氧气和营养物质不仅需要内环境，还需要呼吸、循环、消化等系统的配合，D正确4.【答案】C【解析】由题干信息可知，翻译均需要起始密码子AUG,只有乙链中有TAC序列，可以转录出AUG,所以乙链为转录的模板链，自AUG开始每三个连续的碱基编码一个氨基酸，共有3个密码子，因此决定了该多肽链的前三个氨基酸，A正确：转录时遵循碱基互补配对原则，因此DNA模板链中A+T所占比例与其转录出的mRNA中U+A所占比例相同，且等于整个DNA分子中A+T所占比例，B正确；该DNA片段中有胞嘧啶脱氧核苷酸14个，复制3次共新合成7个DNA,需要消耗游离的胞嘧啶脱氧核苷酸98个，C错误：由题干信息可知，该DNA片段来自分生组织细胞核，分生组织细胞具有分裂能力，DNA会发生复制，因此该DNA片段在分生组织细胞内可分别与DNA聚合酶结合进行复制或与RNA聚合酶结合进行转录，D正确。5.【答案】C【解析】由题意可知，抑制去甲肾上腺素和5-羟色胺的再摄取后，突触间隙中两种神经递质的浓度会升高，效果是提高了突触后神经元的兴奋性，由此判断去甲肾上腺素和5一羟色胺是兴奋性神经递质，可引起突触后神经元兴奋，A错误：由于米氮平的作用机理为抑制神经递质的再摄取，所以其发挥作用的具体部位是突触前膜，B错误：突触前膜释放神经递质的方式为胞吐，与细胞膜的流动性有关，C正确；5一羟色胺与突触后膜上的受体结合后，可使化学信号转化为电信号，D错误。6.【答案】D【解析】单体的形成是由于某一条染色体丢失，属于染色体数目变异，10种单体的体细胞中都含有19条染色体，A正确；若突变体与1号单体杂交，F,都是正常叶，说明1号单体的基因型为【高三理科综合能力测试参考答案（第1页共13页）】 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 河南省2022-2023学年高三年级TOP二十名校四月冲刺考（一）理综.pdf 河南省2022-2023学年高三年级TOP二十名校四月冲刺考（一）理综参考答案和解析.pdf
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