资源简介

高考英语--阅读完型高难单词
1.accumulate v积累，积聚;逐渐增加
2.accustomed adj.习惯的[be accustomed to(doing) 习惯于(做)某事]
3.abandon抛弃，遗弃[abandon oneself to sth. 沉湎于某事;陷入(某种感情)]
4.acknowledge vt.承认(be widely acknowledged to被公认为是……)
5.abnormal adj.反常的,不正常的(反:normal)
6. absolutely adv完全地;彻底地;当然;绝对地
7.abundance n.充裕;丰富
8.accelerate(使)加快，(使)加速
9. accommodation n.住处;工作场所provide accommodation(s)for为……提供住处
10.accomplish(尤指通过努力)完成，实现
11.adorable adj.可爱的;讨人喜爱的
12 affectionately adv表示关爱地;深情地
13.affordable adj.负担得起的,价格合理的
14.. aggressive adj.好斗的;挑衅的
15.. alert adj.警惕的,警觉的(be alert to sth.对某事物警觉)使警觉;向……报警
16.. allergic adj.过敏的(be allergic to sth.对某物过敏;厌恶某事物，对某事物十分反感)
17. alternative adj.可供替代的;非传统的
n.可供选择的事物(have no alternative but to do sth.除了做某事别无选择)
18.amateur adj.业余的n.业余爱好者
19. ambiguous adj.模棱两可的;不明确的
20.apparently adv. 据说;看来
21.appetiten.食欲，胃口;欲望;喜爱(have an appetite for 对……感兴趣)
22.application n.申请(书);应用
23.appreciation n.欣赏,赏识;感激
24. appropriately adv恰当地，合适地
25.arbitrary adj.任意的;专横的;武断的
28.arouse vt.引起(欲望、兴趣、憎恨等)
29.. artificial adj.人造的,人工的
30. assistance n.帮助，援助(turn to sb. for assistance向某人求助;come to one’s assistance来帮助某人
with the assistance of..在……的帮助下)
31.atmosphere n.大气层;气氛，氛围，环境
32.authentic adj.真实的;真品的
33.calculate v.计算，预测;估计
34.calligraphy n.书法;书法艺术
35.capacity n.能力;容量
36.. catastrophe n.灾难，大祸
37.category n.种类，范畴
38. cautious adi.小心的,谨慎的,慎重的[be cautiousabout(doing)sth.对(做)某事谨慎]
39.certificate n.证明书;(毕业)文凭
40.challenging ad.具有挑战性的
41.characteristic n.特征;特性;特色adj.典型的，独特的(be characteristic of sb.是某人的典型特征)
42. classify vt.分类;归类
43.coincidence n.巧合，巧事(What a coincidence!太巧了!by coincidence巧合的是)
mercial adj.商业的,商务的
mitment n. 承诺;投人;奉献(make a commitment to sb.对某人作出承诺)
munity n.社区;团体
petence n.能力;胜任
prehensive adj.综合性的,全面的;有理解力的
51.compromise 妥协，让步(compromise with sb.对某人妥协)n.妥协，折中办法
52. compulsory adj. 规定的,强制的,义务的(compulsory schooling/education 义务教育)
53.consequence n.后果(as a consequence/in consequence 因此;be of little/no consequence to sb.对某人来说无关紧要)
54.conservation n.保护;节约conservative adj保守守旧保守的人
55.consistent adj.一贯的的be consistent with sth.与某事物相一致
56contradictoryadj.矛盾的，抵触的
57.controversialadj.引起争论的，有争议的
58.conventionaladj.传统的.常规的;守旧的
59. criterion n.(判断、决定的)标准，准则
60. crucial adj.至关重要的;关键性的
61. deliberately adv故意地，蓄意地
62 delicate adj.微小的;需要小心处理的
63. deposit n.订金,押金,保证金v放置;使沉积;存人
64. description n.描述，描写,形容(be beyond/past description无法描述，难以形容)
65. desperate adj. 拼命的,绝望的;非常需要……的
66. destination n.目的地;终点
67.dilemma n.进退两难的境地,困境(in a dilemma处于困境中)
68.discharge v释放，允许……离开
69.discrimination n.歧视;辨别力
70. disgusting adj.令人恶心的,使人极其反感的，令人厌恶的
71.displace v取代，代替(同:replace);使离开家园
72.distinguish区分,辨别(distinguish between right and wrong明辨是非;distinguish.from…区分……与……)
73.distribute vt.分发，分配(distribute sth.to...给……分发某物/在……中分发某物)
74.disturbing adj.令人不安的,使人烦恼的
75.diverse adj.各种各样的,形形色色的，相异的
76. dynamic adj.精力充沛的;不断移动的
77. elegantly adv优雅地
78. elementary adj.简单的,基本的;初级的
79.eliminate vt.消除，根除;(在比赛中)淘汰
80.emergencyn.紧急情况，突发事件(in an emergency在紧急情况下)
81.emission n.排放物，散发物;(光、热等的)散发排放
82.enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的[be enthusiastic about(doing)sth.热衷于(做)某事]
83..environmentally-related adj.与环境有关的
84.. establishment n.机构，单位;建立，设立
85.exhibition n.展出,展览
86.exposure n.暴露;接触;报道;遭受
87.extraordinary adj.非凡的,特别的;异乎寻常的
88.facilityn.设施,设备;
89. flexible adj. 柔韧的,有弹性的 forgetfully adv健忘地，爱忘事地
90. fragrant adj. 香的，芳香的
91.functional adj.实用的;作用的;功能的;(能)起作用的
92. findamental adj.根本的;基本的,基础的
93.generation n.一代人(from generation to generation一代一代地)
94.guarantee v保证;确保(guarantee sb.sth.保证某人某事;guarantee to do sth.保证做某事)
95. guidance n.指导,引导 (under one's guidance某人的指导下
96.harmony n和谐;be in harmony with sth.和某事物协调)
97. heartily adv.开怀地;完全地;十分地
98. highlight v突出,强调
99.hint n.&v暗示(give sb.a hint给某人一个暗示; hint at sth.暗示某事)
100. house vt.让……居住;收藏,存放
101. humorous adj. 幽默的,滑稽的
102. identification n.身份证明(文件);确认;识别,鉴定(identification card身份证)
103. identify v. 认出,识别;确定,发现(identify…as…. 确认……是……;)
104.immigration n.移居(人境);移民人数
105.independencen.独立;自主
106.infect v传染，感染,影响
107.influence n. &v影响(have an influence on sb./sth.对某人/某物有影响)
108. influential adj.有很大影响的;有支配力的
109.innocent adj.清白的，无罪的(+of);天真无邪的
110.innovation n.革新，创新
111.insert vt.插入,放进
112.insight n.领悟;洞察力,眼光
113.intaken.摄入量，吸人量;加入人数
114.intelligence n.智力，悟性，理解力(high/low intelligence高/低智商)
115.interaction n.相互影响，相互作用;交流
116. interpersonal adj.人际的，人际关系的
117.isolate 孤立，隔离;分隔
118.knowledgeable adj.有丰富知识的，博学的
119. maximum adj. 最大量的,最大限度的 n. 最大量，最大值(反:minimum)
120. merciful adj.宽大的,慈悲的,仁慈的
121..minimizev使减少到最低限度
122..minority n.少数派,少数;少数民族
123. misread vt.对……判断错误;读错;看错
124. misunderstand 误解
125.motivation n.动力;动机;原因
126.multiply u乘,乘以;成倍增加
127. negative adj.有害的,不良的;消极的,负面的(反: positive)
128. neverthelless adv然而不过尽管如此
129. nutrition n. 营养
130. occupation .工作，职业;占领
131.opponent n.对手;竞争者
134. opposite adj.对立的，截然相反的n相反的人/事物;对立物
135. optimistic adj.乐观的.观主义的(be optimistic about 对……乐观)
136.optional adj.可选择的，选修的(反:compulsory)
137.otherwise adj否则，要不然
138.outcome n.结果，后果(同:result)
139.outspoken adj.直率的，直言不讳的
140. outstanding adj.杰出的，优秀的，出色的
141.overhear v.无意中听到，偶然听到(overhear sb.sayingsth.无意中听到某人在说某事)
142.overlook v.忽视，忽略
143 overreact vi.反应过激(overreact to sth.对某事反应过激)
145.oversell v吹嘘,过分颂扬
146. participate vi.参加，参与(+in)
147. passion n.强烈的情感，激情;热爱
148. patience n.耐心，忍耐力(have no patience with sb.对某人没有耐心;lose/run out of patience with sb.对某人失去耐心)
149. permanent adj.长久的，永久的，永恒的(反:temporary)
150. personnel n.全体人员，职员;人事部门
151.phenomenon n.现象
152.poisonous adj.有毒的,引起中毒的;令人很不愉快的
153.popularization n.通俗化，大众化;普及
154.portable adj.手提式的,便携式的，轻便的
155. positive adj.有信心的,积极乐观的
156. possession n.拥有,持有，占有;所有物，财产(in one’s possession被某人所拥有;in/take possession of拥有……,持有……)
157. postpone vt.推迟，延期(postpone doing sth.推迟做某事)
158.potential adj. 潜在的，可能的
159. practical adj.真实的;实际的;切实可行的
160. pregnant adj.怀孕的(pregnant with 饱含………
161.prejudice n.偏见，歧视(+against)
162.prescription n.处方，药方(+for)
163.presentation n.授予，颁发;介绍
164. preview n.预映;预展;预演
165.previous adj.以前的，先前的
166. primarily adv主要地
167. primary adj. 首要的，主要的
168.primitive adj.原始的，远古的
169. privilege n.特权;特殊待遇;荣幸
170.procedure n.(正常)程序;步骤;手续
171.productivityn.生产率;生产效率
172.prohibit vt.禁止(同:forbid);阻止(同:prevent)(prohibit sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事)
173.psychologyn.心理;心理学
174.punctual adj.准时的;守时的
175.purchase vt. 购买
176.qualification n.资格,学历;资历
177. radioactive adj.放射性的
178.random adj.随意的，随机的n.随意;随机(at random任意地;随便地)
179.randomly adv.随意地;任意地
180.recall v回想起,回忆起(recall doing sth. 回想起做某事)
181.receptionist n.接待员
182.recommend vt.建议:推老
183.referencen.提到，谈及(+to)(with/in reference to sth.关于某事)
184.register记录，登记(register for注册)
185.regulate控制，管理;调整，调节 根据……法令) n.regulation n.规则，条例，法令
186. relevant adj. 相关的，切题的(be relevant to )
187.reliable adj.可依靠的,可信赖的
188.representativen.代表;代理人
189.reroute u使(车辆、飞机、电话等)改变路线
190. reservation n.预订;保留
191.resolution n.决议;解决;决心
192.respectful adj.有礼貌的,恭敬的
193.responsibility n.责任[ take responsibility for(doing)sth.承担(做)某事的责任;It's one’s responsibility to do sth.做某事是某人的责任。]
194.restful adj. 平静的,悠闲的
195.restrict v限定(数量、范围等);约束
196.restriction n.限制;规定;约束(restriction on sth.对某事实行限制)
197.ridiculous adj.愚蠢的，荒唐可笑的
198.routine n.惯例，常规;例行公事
199. sacred adj. 神圣的
200.sacrifice n.牺牲;祭献牺牲( sacrifice sth. for sb./ sth.为了某人/某事牺牲某物;sacrifice sth. to do sth.牺牲某物做某事)
201.sceptical adj.持怀疑态度的,不相信的(+about/ of)
202.season v(加盐、胡椒粉等)给……调味n.季节
203. sensitive adj. 善解人意的;易生气的;敏感的
204..sensitivityn.体贴,体恤;敏感; ( be sensitive to 对……敏感)
205.shallow adj.浅的，肤浅的
206.shrinkv(shrank，shrunk)(使)缩小，(使)收缩;减少
207.significance n.重要性;意义significantly adv.有重大意义地;显著地;明显地
208.simplify vt.使简易,使简单，简化
209.souvenirn.纪念品;纪念物
210.specific adj.特定的,特有的;明确的
211. splendid adj.极佳的;壮丽的;富丽堂皇的
212.sponsor n.赞助商;资助者;发起人，倡议人 v赞
助;资助
213. straightforward adj.简单的,易懂的;诚实的,坦率的
214.stretch(使)变松，拉长;伸开,伸展
215.stubborn adj.执拗的;顽固的;倔强的
216.subjective adj.主观的(反:objective)
217.submit v呈送,递交,呈递;顺从(+to)
218.subscribe vi.定期订阅,订购(+to)
219.subsequent adj.随后的;后来的
220.substance n.物质;实质
221.substantial adj.大量的;价值巨大的;重大的
222.substitute v代替;替换;顶替( substitute A for B用A代替B)
223. supervision n.监督，管理;指导;照看(under one’supervision 由某人指导)
224. supreme adj.最高的,至高无上的;(程度)最大的
225. suspension n.暂停,中止
226.swear(swore,sworn)诅咒,咒骂;起誓保证(swear at sb. 咒骂某人;swear to do sth.发誓做某事)
227.sympathetically adv表示同情地;有同情心地
228.temporary adj.暂时的,临时的;短期的
229. terminal adj.(疾病)晚期的,不治的n.终点站;终端
230. theoretical adj.理论上的;假设的
231. tiresome adj. 烦人的，令人厌烦的
232. tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的(be tolerant of/towardssb./sth.对某人/某物持宽容态度)
233.tournament n.锦标赛(tennis/chess/badminton tournament网球/国际象棋/羽毛球锦标赛)
234. transform vt.使改观;使变形;使转化(transform... from…into…把……从……转化为……)
235.transformation n.转变，改观10. transparent adj. 透明的;易懂的
236.tricky adj.难对付的,棘手的;狡猾的
237.ultimately adv.最终,最后;根本上，最基本地
238. uncaring adj.冷漠的;无同情心的
239.underlying adj.根本的;潜在的
240.undisturbed adj.安静的;镇定的;未被扰乱的
241.uneasiness n.不安;忧虑
242.unifyv统一;使成一体(反:divide)
243.vacant adj.空着的，未被占用的;(工作或职位)空缺的
245. vague adj(思想上)含糊的,不明确的,不清楚的
246.valid adj.(法律上)有效的;(正式)认可的
247.variation n.变化,变更，变动;变异
250.vegetation n.植物,草木(总称)
251.violate v违反,违背;侵犯
252.virtual adj.虚拟的，模拟的(virtual reality虚拟现实)
253. watery adj.充满水的;虚弱的
254.whip鞭打，抽;猛然移动n.鞭子
255.wrecked adj.喝醉的,醉醺醺的;失事的高考英语--阅读词块速记自然灾害类词汇
一、灾害
自然灾害
disaster n. 灾难
earthquake n. 地震
hurricane n. 飓风
typhoon n. 台风
tornado n. 龙卷风
flood n. 洪水
drought n. 干旱
tsunami n. 海啸
volcano n. 火山 （volcanic adj.火山的）
volcano ash 火山灰
volcanic eruption 火山爆发 （erupt v. 喷发）
landslide n. 泥石流
thunderstorm n. 雷暴天气
magnitude n. 震级
starve v. 饥饿 （starve to die 饿死）
人为灾害
war n. 战争
battle v. 对战
battlefield n. 战场
solider n. 士兵
military n. 军方
defend v. 防御 （defense n.防御）
defend against 防御
defeat v. 进攻
attack v. 攻击
weapon n. 武器
campaign n. 战役，运动
movement n. 移动
occupy v. 占领
invade v. 入侵 （invasion n. 入侵）
abandon v. 遗弃
adopt v. 收养，采纳 （adoption n. 收养）
orphan n. 孤儿

二、灾难爆发
灾后现象
escape v. 逃跑 （escape from）
explode v. 爆炸 （explosion n. 爆炸）
evacuate v. 疏散 （evacuation n. 疏散）
release v. 释放
rescue v. 营救
victim n. 受害者
injure v. 受伤 （injured adj.受伤的）
injury n. 损伤
wound n. 伤口
ensure their security 确保安全 （secure v. 使安全）
prevent/ stop/ keep sb from doing sth 阻止……的发生
suffer v. 遭遇，遭受 （suffering n.痛苦）
suffer from 遭遇
recover v. 恢复，痊愈 （recovery n. 恢复）
phycology n. 心理学
phycological adj. 心理学的
phycologist n. 心理学家
mental adj. 精神上的
physical n. 身体上的
mental and physical health 身心健康
survive v. 存活
survival adj. 活着的 n. 幸存者
survivor n. 幸存者
resident n. 当地居民
community n. 社区
urban n. 城市
灾后工作
representative n. 代表 （represent v. 代表）
ruin n. 废墟 v. 毁坏 （in ruins）
damage n. 损失 v. 损坏
destroy v. 毁坏，毁灭 （destruction n.毁坏）
construct v. 建设，建立
reconstruct v. 重建 （reconstruction n.）
spiritual support 精神上的支持
shelter n. 庇护所
donate v. 捐赠 （donation n. 捐赠）
involve v. 参与，涉及 （involvement n.）
involve in 牵扯到，涉及到
appeal v. 吸引/呼吁
appeal to 吸引
appeal for/call for 呼吁
devote v. 奉献 （devoted adj. 忠诚的）
devote oneself to doing sth 致力于做，献身于做 （devotion n. 奉献）
raise fund 募集资金
fiscal support 财政支持
distribute food 分发食物 （distribution n. 分配）
arrange v. 安排 （arrangement n.）
invest v. 投资 （investment n.）
adventure n. 冒险 （adventurous adj.）
approach n.&v.方法&靠近 （approach to）
focus on=concentrate on 聚焦于
aware adj. 有意识的 （be aware of 意识到）
unaware adj. 无意识的 （awareness n. 意识）
preserve v. 保存，保留
conserve v. 节省
observe v. 观测到 （observation n.）
inspire v. 鼓舞鼓励 （inspiration n. 灵感）
opportunity n. 机会

三、常用修饰词
practical adj. 实际的
previous adj. 之前的
precious adj. 珍贵的
average adj. 平均的 （on average 平均）
potential n. & adj. 潜能&潜在的
occasional adj. 偶然的 （occasion n. 场合）
apparent=obvious adj. 明显的
abundant adj. 大量的
adequate adj. 充足的
effective adj. 有效果的 （come into effect生效）
efficient adj. 有效率的 （efficiency n.效率）
equal adj. 平等的 （be equal to ）
enthusiastic adj. 热情的 （enthusiasm n.）
frequent adj. 频繁的
fluent adj. 流利的高考英语--阅读词块速记观点态度类词汇
一 积极意义词汇：
1. positive 积极的
2. favorable 支持的
3. approval 支持的
4. enthusiasm 热情的
5. supportive 支持的
6. defensive 为…而辩护的
7. objective 积极的
8. concerned 关注的
9. optimistic 乐观的
10. impressive 印象深刻的
11. appreciate 赞同
12. admire /adore 赞赏

二 否定词汇：
1. negative 消极的
2. disapproval 不赞成的
3. objection 异议
4. opposition 反对 （ oppose v. opponent n. 对手）
5. critical 批判的 （criticize v. criticism n.批判主义）
6. disgust 令人厌恶的
7. warning 警告
8. contempt 轻视 蔑视 （contemptuous adj. 轻蔑的）
9. compromising 妥协的
10. indifferent 冷漠的
11. depressed 绝望的
12. subjective 主观的
13. pessimistic 悲观的
14. unconcerned 不关心的
15. questioning 质疑的
16. frustrated 挫败的 心烦的
17. impractical 不切实际的

三 怀疑态度：
1. suspicion 猜测 怀疑 (suspicious adj.怀疑的)
2. skeptical 怀疑的
3. doubtful 怀疑的
4. puzzling /confusing 迷惑的

四 中立态度
1. objective 客观的
2. neutral 中立的
3. imprejudiced/unprejudiced 没有偏见的
4. impersonal 非个人的
5. ambiguous 模棱两可的
6. cautious 谨慎的
7. caution 谨慎
8. analytical 分析的
9. informal 非正式的

五 主观态度
1. subjective 主观的
2. tolerance 容忍
3. sensitive 敏感的
4. mild 温和的
5. mixed 喜忧参半的
6. sympathetic 同情的高考英语--语法形容词和副词用法及专题训练
形容词和副词的英语知识点
1. 考查形容词和副词的基本用法
形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、补语，而副词在句中主要作状语。
2. 考查形容词作定语的后置规律
形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后置：①形容词短语作定语时;②表语形容词作定语时;③修饰复合不定代词时。
3. 考查多个形容词作定语的'排序
多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。
4. 考查副词在句中的位置规律
副词修饰形容词或其它副词时，一般位于被修饰词的前面，但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。
5. 考查-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别
-ed形容词，通常说明人，意为"(某人)感到……";-ing形容词通常说明事物，意为"(某事物)令人……"或"令人……的(事物)"。
形容词、副词比较级的用法
英语中的形容词和副词的原形称为原级，表示“比较……”、“最……”时，要用比较级和最高级。
如：long longer longest
原级 比较级 最高级
1．The black pen is very long. 黑色的钢笔很长。
2．The blue pen is longer than the black one. 蓝色的钢笔比黑色的长。
3．The red pen is the longest of the three. 红色的钢笔是三支中最长的。
一、形容词、副词比较级的用法
表示两者间的比较用比较级。其常见句式有：
1．“A + be +形容词比较级+ than + B” 意思为“A比B更……”。
如：This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高。
注意：①在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。 ②在比较级前面使用much，表示程度程度“强得多”。
如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple. ③very, quite，too,quite等词一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。
2．“become + 形容词比较级+ and + 形容词比较级” 是“变得越来越……”的意思，and连接同一个形容词的比较级。
如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。
注：表示“越来越……”时，若比较级是“原级+ er”构成的，则常用“比较级+ and + 比较级”形式； 若比较级是“more + 原级”构成的，需用“more and more + 原级形式”。
如：Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校变得越来越美丽。
3．在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。 如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom 谁更高，Tim还是Tom
英语形容词和副词的区分方法
1、概念不同
形容词(Adjective)，很多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。
副词(Adverb 简称adv.)是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词。
2、用法不同
形容词主要用来描写或修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、 状态、特征或属性，常用作定语，也可作表语、补语或状语。
用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
3、词性不同
形容词后可跟名词做定语，用在系动词后做表语副词不能修饰名词，它修饰动词做状语，有些副词可修饰形容词
形容词是英语语法中一个不可或缺的部分。
形容词与副词专项训练
1. Work gets done ________ when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too.
A. easily B. very easy C. more easily D. easier
2. My parents have always made me ________ about myself, even when I was twelve.
A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good
3. He began to take political science ________ only when he left school.
A. strictly B. truly C. carefully D. seriously
4. The final score of the basketball match was 93-94. We were only ________ beaten.
A. nearly B. slightly C. narrowly D. lightly
5. The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here ________.
A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest
6. —Do you need any help, Lucy
—Yes, The job is ________ I could do myself.
A. less than B. more than C. no more than D. not more than
7. There is an old proverb, “Love me, love my dog. ” But there is ________ wisdom in this: “Love me, love my book.”
A. some B. much C. more D. most
8. With April 18’s railway speedup, highway and air transport will have to compete with ________ service for passengers.
A. good B. better C. best D. the best
9. The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted ________ if it had been put in the fridge for a little while.
A. good B. better C. best D. well
10. After two years’ research, we now have a ________ better understanding of the disease.
A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite
11. Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his ________ one.
A. better-known B. well-known C. best-known D. most-known
12. Of the two coats, I’d choose the ________ one to spare some money for a book.
A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive
13. —I wonder why Mary is so unfriendly to us.
—She is ________ than unfriendly, I’m afraid.
A. shyer B. much shyer C. shy more D. more shy
14. —I didn’t do well in this English examination. How about you
—I did ________ you.
A. not better than B. no worse than C. as well as D. no better than
15. —Now that you like the house with a garden, why not buy it
—Well, I can’t afford ________ house at present.
A. that expensive a B. a such expensive C. that an expensive D. a so expensive
16. —Do you regret paying ten dollars for that book
—No, I would gladly have paid ________.
A. as twice many B. twice as many C. twice as much D. as twice much
17. —I’m leaving on April 30.
—So why not come to spend ________ days with me
A. all these last few B. these all last few C. these last all few D. all last these few
18. —Be careful not to drop the Ming Dynasty vase.
—Yes, we can’t be ________.
A. too careful B. very careful C. too careless D. careless enough
19. He’s not got another job yet and it’s not ________ he will for some time.
A. likely B. easily C. nearly D. lonely
20. We do meet now and then, but not ________.
A. freely B. commonly C. regularly D. presently
21. You don’t have to be angry with him. He ________ wanted to know the truth.
A. almost B. mostly C. merely D. hardly
22. —Are you pleased with what he has done
—It couldn’t be____. Why didn’t he put more effort into his work
A. any worse B. much better C. so bad D. the best
23. He moved away from his parents and missed them ________enjoy the exciting life in China.
A. too much to B. very much to C. enough to D. much so as to
24. —Is your headache getting ________
—No, it’s worse.
A. better B. bad C. less D. well
25. Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds, and I have not seen ________ this year.
A. the best B. better C. the most D. more
【答案与解析】
1. C。根据题意可知，说话者是将when people do it together和when people don’t do it together这两种情况比较，故选比较级。注意不要选D，因为在此题是要用副词修饰动词，不能用形容词。另外，根据句末的higher too也可知道此题是考查比较级。
2. D。首先，根据连系动词后要接形容词作表语这一特点，可排除A和C。另外，使役动词make后可接动词原形（不带to的不定式）或过去分词作宾语补足语，但不能接现在分词，故可排除选项B。
3. D。take sth seriously的意思是“认真对待某事”“认真考虑某事”。
4. C。副词narrowly在此表示“勉强地”，又如：He narrowly escaped being run over. 他差点儿被车压死。 The proposal to change the rules was narrowly defeated by 201 votes to 196. 建议改变规则的提议以196票对201票的微弱差额被否决了。本题句意：篮球赛的最后比分是93比94。我们以微弱的劣势输掉了比赛。
5. B。因题目把这组新学生与前面一组学生进行比较，故用比较级。
6. B。注意句中的Yes，由于答话者对问话者的“你需要帮助吗？”作了肯定回答，说明答话者独自完成工作有困难，故填more than。
7. C。由于是将“Love me, love my dog”与“Love me, love my book”进行比较，故用比较级。此题的巧妙之处在于句中没有出现than，而是给出两个待比较的proverb。
8. B。句子大意为：由于铁路提速了，所以高速公路和航空业要提高服务质量来竞争客源。因将“高速公路和航空”与“铁路”比较，故用比较级。
9. B。题目中将“放入冰箱中冷冻”与“不放入冰箱中冷冻”作比较，故用比较级。句意为：史密斯家人晚餐时上的甜瓜若能放入冰箱中冷冻一下味道会更好些。
10. B。这四个副词中，通常只有far可用于修饰比较。注：quite有时也可用于修饰比较better，但它只用于表示“身体康复”，不用于其他意义。
11. C。因为是从他所写的所有歌中选出一首来比较，故用最高级。
12. B。因是两者比较，故用比较级，可将答案锁定在B和C之间；再根据句意，排除C。
13. D。此题考查more…than…的用法，其意为“与其说……不如说……”。
14. D。句中的no better than相当于as badly as，其意为“一样不好”。
15. A。that在用作副词，用法相当于so，意为“如此，这么”。
16. C。在as…as…结构中，表示倍数的词或程度副词都放在第一个as之前。
17. A。语序：不定代词 + 指示代词 + 序数词 + 基数词。
18. A。此题考查can’t be too + adj，其意为“无论……也不为过”。
19. A。因为likely是形容词，意为“可能的”，在句中作表语。easily和nearly是副词；虽然lonely(寂寞的)是形容词，但其意义与句意不通。
20. C。因为只有regularly(经常地)才与now and then(偶尔)相对。
21. C。merely在此表示“只是”，其他选项意义不通。
22. A。因为It couldn’t be any worse. 意为“(他的工作做得)非常差”，与后文内容相符。
23. A。因为too…to do sth. (太…以至于不能做…) 是固定搭配。
24. A。由答语No, it’s worse.可知问句中用better。
25. B。后面省略了than he did，意为“我今年还没看到比他跑得更好成绩的人”。高考英语--语法填空高频词词性转换及派生（1）
高考英语语法填空 常用词性转换
词义 动词v. 名词n. 形容词adj. 反义词 其他派生词
使能够 enable ability/disability able disable disabled/unable
不正常的 abnormal normal
缺席 absence absent
学术的 academy academic
加速 accelerate acceleration
接受 accept acceptance acceptable unacceptable
接进 access access accessible
住宿 accommodate accommodation
积累 accumulate accumulation
陪伴 accompany company
精确的 accuracy accurate inaccurate
达到，获得 achieve achievement achievable
获得，习得 acquire acquisition
表演，行动 act action /act /activity active inactive actual/actually
适应，改编 adapt adaptation
增加， add addition additional
足够 adequacy adequate
调整/使适应 adjust adjustment
敬佩 admire admiration admirable
承认 admit admission
收养，采纳 adopt adoption adopted
前进 advance advance advanced
好处 advantage disadvantage
事故 accident accidentally
使上瘾 addict addition addicted /addictive addict
做广告 advertise advertisement advertiser
影响,打动 affect effect
机构 agent agency
侵略，侵犯 aggression aggressive aggressor
农业 agriculture agricultural
同意 agree agreement agreeable disagree disagreement
分配 allocate allocation
允许 allow allowance allowable
使吃惊 amaze amazement amazing/amazed
抱负 ambition ambitious
逗乐、娱乐 amuse amusement amusing/amused
分析 analyze analysis
生气 anger angry
通知 announce announcement
使烦恼 annoy annoyance annoying/annoyed
期望 anticipate anticipation
焦虑，焦急 anxiety anxious anxiously
鼓掌 applaud applause
约定 appoint appointment
道歉 apologize apology
出现 appear appearance disappear disappearance
申请 apply applicant application
欣赏 appreciate appreciation appreciable
靠近，方法 approach approach approachable
批准；认可 approve approval disapproval
争吵，争论 argue argument arguable
安排 arrange arrangement
到达 arrive arrival
评估，评价 assess assessment
帮助 assist assistant/assistance
联系 associate association
假定，假设 assume assumption
确保 assure assurance
使惊讶 astonish astonishment astonishing(ed)
运动员 athlete athletic
原子 atom atomic
附上，依恋 attach attachment
吸引 attract attraction attractive unattractive attractively
知道的 awareness aware unaware
烤 bake bakery
平衡 balance balance balanced
以…为基础 base basis，base basic basement
洗澡 bathe bath bathtub
生，忍受 bear birth bearable unbearable birthday/birthplace
美化 beautify beauty beautiful beautifully
开始 begin beginner beginning
表现 behave behavior
相信 believe belief believable unbelievable believably
有益的 benefit beneficial
背叛 betray betrayal
盲的 blindness blind blindly
流血 bleed blood bloody bleeding(n.)
使烦闷 bore bored/boring
勇敢 bravery brave bravely
简洁的 brief briefly
打碎 break broken
呼吸 breathe breath breathless breathlessly
晒，烧 burn burnt
忙碌 business busy businessman
计算 calculate calculation
有能力的 capability/capacity capable
关心，喜欢 care care careful/careless carefully/carelessly
偶然的 casual casually
小心 caution caution cautious
庆祝 celebrate celebration celebrated celebrity
中心 centre central
挑战 challenge challenge challenging
改变 change change changeable unchangeable
特点 character characteristic（&n.）
欢呼 cheer cheer cheerful cheerfully
化学 chemistry chemical chemist
小孩 child childish childhood
选择 choose choice chosen
文明的 civilize civilization civilized
澄清 clarify clarification
分类 classify class classic/ classical classification
靠近的 close closely
关闭 close close closed
收集 collect collection collective
结合 combine combination
舒适 comfort comfort comfortable uncomfortable discomfort
商业 commerce commercial
承诺 commit commitment
沟通 communicate communication communicative
陪伴 accompany company/companion
比较 compare comparison comparable comparative
赔偿 compensate compensation
竞争 compete competition/ competence competitive competitor
抱怨 complain complaint
信心 confidence confident confidential
关心；有关 concern concern concerned unconcerned concerning
总结 conclude conclusion
指挥 conduct conductor
使混淆 confuse confusion confusing/confused
祝贺 congratulate congratulation
连接 connect connection connected
意识 consciousness conscious unconscious
后果 consequence consequent consequently
保存，保护 conserve conservation conservative
考虑 consider consideration considerate considerable
构建 construct construction
咨询 consult consultant
消耗 consume consumption
矛盾 contradict contradictory
贡献 contribute contribution
方便，便利 convenience convenient inconvenient inconveniently
习俗 convention conventional
使相信 convince convincing
纠正 correct correction correct
腐败 corruption corrupt
鼓励 encourage courage courageous discourage encouragement
覆盖 cover cover covered uncovered
创造 create creation creative creativity
犯罪 crime/ criminal criminal
批评的 criticize critic/criticism critical
拥挤的 crowd crowded
残忍 cruelty cruel
文化 culture cultural
好奇的 curiosity curious
骑自信车 cycle cyclist recycle
危险 endanger danger dangerous endangered
死 die death dead deadly
决定 decide decision decisive
宣布 declare declaration
装饰 decorate decoration
防卫，保护 defend defence
定义 define definition
故意的 deliberate deliberately
高兴 delight delight delighted delightful
投递 deliver delivery
要求 demand demand demanding
否认，拒绝 deny denial
离开 depart departure
依赖 depend dependence dependent independent independence
沮丧 depress depression depressed
深 deepen depth deep deeply
描述 describe description
绝望的 desperation desperate desperately
破坏 destroy destruction
决定 determine determination determined
发展；晒相 develop development developed developing
献身，奉献 devote devotion devoted
区别,不同 differ、differentiate difference different differently
困难 difficulty difficult
指挥，指示 direct direction/director direct directly
使失望 disappoint disappointment disappointing(ed)
使泄气 discourage discouragement discouraging(ed)
发现 discover discovery
歧视，区分 discriminate discrimination
讨论 discuss discussion
恶心 disgust disgust disgusting/ed
距离 distance distant
分配 distribute distribution
打扰 disturb disturbing
分开，分成 divide division divided
捐献 donate donation
喝 drink drinker drunk
昏暗的 dusk dusky
灰尘 dust dusty
经济 economy economic/ economical economist
编辑 edit edition editor
教育 educate education/educator educational
效率 efficient efficiency
年长的 elder elderly
选举 elect election
电 electricity electric/ electronic electrical
优雅 elegance elegant
尴尬 embarrass embarrassment embarrassed/ing
紧急 emergency emergent
情绪 emotion emotional
强调 emphasize emphasis
雇用 employ employment employed unemployed employer(ee)
鼓励 encourage encouragement encouraging/ed
结束 end end/ending endless
活力，能量 energy energetic
享受 enjoy enjoyment enjoyable joyful
扩大 enlarge large
询问 enquire enquiry
进入 enter entry/entrance
娱乐 entertain entertainment
热情 enthusiasm enthusiastic
环境 environment environmental environmentalist
嫉妒 envy envious
平等 equate/ equal equality equal unequal equally
设备 equip equipment
评估，评价 evaluate evaluation
迹象 evidence evident
进化 evolve evolution
确切 exact exactly
例外 exception except
使兴奋 excite excitement excited/exciting
展览，展出 exhibit exhibition
存在 exist existence
期望,预期 expect expectation expected unexpected unexpectedly
花费 expense expensive
经历 experience experience experienced
解释；说明 explain explanation
爆炸 explode explosion explosive
探索 explore exploration/explorer
暴露，揭示 expose exposure
出口 export export import
表达 express expression
延长，延伸 extend extension
极端的 extreme extremely
面对 face face facial
失败 fail failure
忠诚 faith faithful
名声，名望 fame famous
时尚 fashion fashionable
感觉 feel feeling
最后 final finally
财政;金融 finance finance financial
牢固的 firm firmly
健康，适合 fitness fit
灵活的，有弹性的 flexibility flexible
流畅 fluency fluent fluently
雾 fog foggy
跟踪；跟着 follow following
愚弄 fool fool foolish
外国的 foreigner foreign
忘记 forget forgetfulness forgetful（健忘的） forgettable(易忘记的) unforgettable
运气 fortune fortunate unfortunate misfortune
建立 found foundation
脆弱 fragility fragile
芬芳 fragrance fragrant
自由 free freedom free freely
使结冰 freeze freezing frozen
频繁 frequency frequent frequently
朋友 friend friendly friendship
使惊恐 frighten fright frightened /frightening
霜 frost frosty
乐趣 fun funny
陈设,布置 furnish furniture furnished well-furnished
大体的 general generally
慷慨 generosity generous
基因 gene genetic
礼物，才能 gift gifted
地球 globalize globe global globalization
光荣 glory glorious
统治；管理 govern governor government
优雅 grace graceful
逐渐的 gradual gradually
毕业 graduate graduation graduate
感激 gratitude grateful
问候，招呼 greet greeting
成长，增长 grow growth
指导 guide guidance
内疚，罪行 guilt guilty
手 hand hand handy
快乐，幸福 happiness happy unhappy happily/unhappily
使变硬 harden hardship hard hard(adv)
伤害 harm harm harmful harmless
和谐 harmony harmonious
恨 hate hatred hateful
健康 health healthy healthily
听力 hear hearing
高 height high highly 高度地
帮助 help help helpful helpless
犹豫 hesitate hesitation hesitant
历史 history historic historical
诚实 honest honesty
希望 hope hope hopeful hopeless hopelessness
恐怖；惊恐 horror horrible horribly
幽默 humor humorous
饥饿 hunger hungry hungrily
身份 identify identity identification
无视，忽视 ignore ignorance ignorant
合法 legal illegal legally
说明，阐明 illustrate illustration
想像 imagine imagination imaginative imaginary（想象的）
模仿 imitate imitation
移民 immigrate immigration immigrant
重要 importance important unimportant
可能 possibility possible impossible impossibility
印象 impress impression impressive
提高；改良 improve improvement
包含，包括 include including
工业 industry industrial industrially
感染 infect infection infected
膨胀，夸大 inflate inflation inflated
告知 inform information
伤害 injure injury injured
清白，无辜 innocence innocent
创新 innovate innovation
检查，视察 inspect inspection
鼓舞，激发 inspire inspiration inspired/inspiring
立刻 instant instant instantly
指示/教育 instruct instruction instructive instructor
保险 insure insurance
智力 intellect intellectual/intelligent intelligence
打算，想要 intend intention intentional
互动，相互作用 interact interaction
兴趣 interest interest interested/interesting
口译；解释 interpret interpretation interpreter
打断 interrupt interruption
采访 interview interviewer/ee
介绍，引进 introduce introduction
发明 invent invention inventor
调查 investigate investigation
邀请 invite invitation
involve involvement involved
工作 job jobless
欢乐 joy joyful
判断 judge judge judgment
正义 justify justice
善良 kindness kind
知道 know knowledge known unknown well-known
大 enlarge large
笑 laugh laughter
懒惰 laziness lazy lazily
领导；引导 lead leader/leadership leading mislead（v)
学习 learn learner learned
长 lengthen length long
解放 liberate liberation/liberty
可能 like likely unlikely
有限的 limit limit limited limitaition
文学 literature literary literally
生活 live life live/lively living/ alive
位于 locate location be located in
逻辑 logic logical illogical
loosen loose loosely
损失；失败 lose loss lost
魔术，魔法 magician magic magic
成熟 mature immature
幸运 luck lucky
主要的 major major majority
管理 manage manager management
结婚 marry marriage married unmarried
药 medicine medical
大量 mass massive
意思 mean meaning
记忆 memorize memory memorial
精神的 mental mentally
仁慈 mercy merciful
把...搞乱 mess mess messy
迁移 migrate migration
最小量 minimum maximum
少数 minority minor
悲惨 misery miserable
误会 misunderstand misunderstanding misunderstood understand understanding(n.)
错误 mistake mistake mistaken
道德的 moral immoral
刺激 motivate motivation motivated
山 mountain mountainous
移动;前进 move movement moving moved
泥 mud muddy
相乘 multiply multiple
谋杀 murder murder/murderer
音乐 music musical musician
神秘的 mystery mysterious
名字 name name namely(adv)
国家;民族 nation/ nationality national international
自然 nature natural unnatural naturally
必需的 necessity necessary unnecessary necessarily
谈判 negotiate negotiation
紧张的 nerve nervous nervously
喧闹的 noise noisy noisily
正常的 normal abnormal normally
数量 number numerous
营养 nutrition nutritious
服从，听从 obey disobey
物体，宾语 object objective
观察 observe observation observable
占据 occupy occupation occupied
冒犯 offend offence offensive defend
官方 office official officer
运作，操作 operate operation /operator operative cooperate
反对 oppose opposition opposite
选择 option optional
组织 organize organization organized organizer
起源 originate origin original
痛苦 pain painful painless
惊慌 panic panic panicky
参与 participate participation participant
耐心 patience patient impatient
和平 peace peaceful
表演，表现 perform performance performer
允许 permit permission
人 person personal personality /personally
劝说 persuade persuasive
哲学的 philosophy philosophical
物理 physics physical
取悦 please pleasure pleased pleasant
毒药 poison poisonous
礼貌 politeness polite impolite
政治 politics political politician
污染 pollute pollution pollutant（污染物）
流行 popularity popular
拥有，持有 possess possession
可能 possibility possible impossible
力量 power powerful
实践 practice practice practical
祈祷 pray prayer
预测 predict prediction predictable unpredictable
宁愿，情愿 prefer preference preferable
准备 prepare preparation prepared unprepared
处方 prescribe prescription
展示 present presentation presenter
保护 preserve preservation
压力 press pressure
防止 prevent prevention preventable
价格 price priceless
优先 prior priority
监狱 prison prisoner
步骤 proceed procedure
生产 produce production productive product，producer
职业，专业 profession professional unprofessional professor
促进，提升 promote promotion
发音 pronounce pronunciation
建议 propose proposal
保护 protect protection protective protector
证明 prove proof
骄傲 pride proud
心理 psychology psychological psychologically
出版 publish publication
惩罚 punish punishment
困惑 puzzle puzzle puzzled/puzzling
资格 qualify qualification qualified unqualified
种族 race racial racism/racist
放射 radiation radioactive
反应 react reaction
意识，实现 realize realization real reality/really
理论 reason reason reasonable unreasonable
接收 receive receiver/ reception receipt/receptionist
意识 recognize recognition
推荐 recommend recommendation
恢复 recover recovery
提及，查阅 refer reference referee
反射，反映 reflect reflection reflective
拒绝 refuse refusal
看作 regard regards regardless regarding
区域 region regional
登记 register registration
规律 regulation regular irregular
拒绝 reject rejection
关系 relate relation related relative /relationship
放松 relax relaxation relaxing，relaxed
有关系的 relevant irrelevant
依靠 rely reliability reliable unreliable
欣慰 relieve relief relieved
宗教 religion religious
剩余 remain remains remaining
移动 remove removal
代表 represent representative representative
要求 require requirement
解救、拯救 rescue rescue rescuer
相似 resemble resemblance
保存 reserve reservation
辞职 resign resignation
抵抗，排斥 resist resistance resistant irresistible
回应 respond response
责任 responsibility responsible irresponsible
尊敬 respect respect respectful respectable
方面 respect respective respectively
限制 restrict restriction restricted
退休 retire retirement retired
复习，评论 review/revise revision reviewer
修订 revise revision
抢劫 rob robbery
粗鲁，无礼 rudeness rude rudely
安全 safety safe
盐 salt salty
满足 satisfy satisfaction satisfied/satisfying satisfactory
缺乏的 scarce scarcely
吓唬 scare scared scary
科学 science scientific scientist
安全 secure security secure insecure
选择 select selection selected
自己 self selfish unselfish selfless
感官 sense sensitive insensitive sensitivity
分开 separate separation separately
为…服务 serve service servant
安定，居住 settle settlement settled settler
severity severe severely
sex sexual/sexy
羞愧，羞耻 shame shameful shameless ashamed
尖，锋利 sharpen sharpener sharp sharply
刮 shave shaver
缺乏 shortage short
疾病 sick sickness
看见 see sight insight(n)
签字 sign signal/signature
重要 significance significant
安静 silence silent
相似 similarity similar
简单 simplify simplification simple simply
真诚 sincerity sincere sincerely
技巧 skill skilled/skillful
奴隶 slave slave slavery
睡觉 sleep sleep sleepy
闻 smell smelly
顺利 smooth smoothly
下雪 snow snowy
社会 socialize society social socialist, socialism
解决 solve solution
悲伤 sorrow sorrowful
特别的 specialist special specialize
精神 spirit spiritual
稳定 stability stable
污点 stain stainless
（使）挨饿 starve starvation
陈述 state statement statesman
储藏 store storage store(n)
陌生的 stranger strange
强，有力 strengthen strength strong
压力 stress stress stressed stressful
风格 style stylish stylist
主体 subject subjective
顺从 submit submission
订阅 subscribe subscription
成功 succeed success successful
遭受 suffer suffering
建议 suggest suggestion
适合 suit suitable
总结 summarize summary
卓越的 superior super/superb /superior
支持 support support supportive supporter
围绕 surround surroundings surrounding
幸存 survive survival survivor
象征 symbolize symbol symbolic
同情 sympathize sympathy sympathetic
系统 system systematic
口味，品味 taste taste tasty tasteless
技术 technique technical technology
倾向 tend tendency
紧张 tension tense
恐怖 terrify terror terrified/terrifying terrorism/terrorist
理论 theory theoretical
盗窃 thief theft
渴 thirst thirsty
想，思想 think thought thoughtful thinking
威胁 threaten threat
使兴奋 thrill thriller thrilled thrilling
使劳累 tire tiredness tiring, tired tiresome
忍受 tolerate tolerance/toleration tolerant/ tolerable intolerant /intolerable
触摸 touch touch touched touching
旅游,巡演 tour tour tourism/tourist
传统 tradition traditional
变形，变化 transform transformation transformer
翻译 translate translation translator
对待，治疗 treat treat /treatment treaty
麻烦 trouble troublesome
真实的 trust truth true truly
尝试，审讯 try trial
麻烦 trouble troublesome
真实的 truth true truly
类别 type typical typist
理解 understand understanding understandable
宇宙 universe universal university
催促 urge urge urgent
使用 use use useful/useless user
通常 usual usually
有效的 validity valid invalid
价值 value value valuable valueless Invaluable
类别 vary variety various
违反，触犯 violate violation
暴力 violence violent violently
火山 volcano volcanic
志愿 volunteer volunteer voluntary voluntarily
侍候 wait waiting waiter/waitress
温暖 warm warmth warm
警告 warn warning
浪费 waste waste waste wasteful
挥动 wave wave wavy
弱 weaken weakness weak
财富 wealth wealthy
每周 week weekly
疲惫 wear worn
重量 weigh weight
宽 widen width wide widespread
愿意 will will willing unwilling unwillingness
智慧的 wisdom wise
皱纹 wrinkle wrinkled
奇迹 wonder wonder wonderful
木 wood wooden
羊毛 wool woolen
担心 worry worry worried
糟糕的 worse worsen
价值 worth worthless worthwhile/worthy
伤害 wound wound wounded
年轻 youth young youngster
拉链 zip zipper 高考英语--语法填空词性转换归纳
语法填空词性转换归纳
Able-unable-enable-ability 能够，有能力的-不能够的-使能够-能力
absent-absence 缺席的-缺席
Absolute-absolutely 绝对的-绝对
accept-acceptable 接受-可接受的
Access-accessible 获得-可获得的
Accident-accidental-accidentally 事故-意外的-意外地
Accuracy-accurate准确性-准确的
Achieve-achievement 获得-成就 acquire-acquisition 获得
acknowledge-acknowledgement 承认
acquaint-acquaintance 熟悉的-熟悉
Act-action-active-activity 行动-行动-积极的-活动
Act-actor-actress 表演-男演员-女演员
actual-actually 实际的-事实上
adapt-adaptation 适应
Add-addition—additional-additionally 增加-加法-额外的-额外地
Addict-addiction-addictive-addicted 瘾君子-瘾-使人上瘾的-上瘾的
adjust-adjustment 调整
Admire-admirable-admiration 赞赏-令人钦佩的-赞赏
admit-admission 承认-允许进入
adopt-adoption 收养、采用
Advertise-advertisement 做广告-广告
advise-advice 建议
Affect-affection 影响-喜爱
Afford –affordable 负担得起-负担得起的
aggression-aggressive 侵略-好斗的
Agree-agreement 同意
agriculture-agricultural 农业-农业的
aim-aimless-aimlessly 目标-无目的的-无目的地
allocate-allocation 分配
Amaze-amazing-amazed-amazingly 使惊奇-令人惊奇的-感到惊讶的-令人惊讶地
Ambition-ambitious 雄心-有雄心的
amuse-amusement 使娱乐-娱乐
Analyze-analysis 分析
Annual-annually 每年的-一年一度
Anxious-anxiety 焦虑的-渴望
apology-apologize 道歉
Apparent-apparently 明显的-明显地
appeal-appealing 呼吁-有感染力的
appear-appearance 出现-外表
Apply-application-applicant 申请、应用-申请书、应用-申请人
Appoint-appointment 约定 appreciate-appreciation 欣赏，感激
Approve-approval 同意 approximate-approximately 大约
Architect-architecture 建筑 argue-argument 争论
Arrange-arrangement 安排 arrive-arrival 到达
Art-artist 艺术-艺术家
Assess-assessment 评估
Assign-assignment 分派-任务
assist-assistance-assistant 援助-帮助-助手
Associate-association 联系 assume-assumption 假设
Associate-association 联系-协会、联系
Astonish-astonishment-astonished 使吃惊-惊讶-惊讶的
Attend-attendance-attendant 出席-参加-服务员
Attract-attraction-attractive 吸引-吸引力-有吸引力的
Aware-awareness 有意识的-意识
Base-basic-basement 以…为根据-基本的-地下室
Beauty-beautify-beautiful 美好-美化-美丽的
Behave-behavior 表现-行为
benefit-beneficial 受益-有益的
Bore-boring-bored 使无聊-令人无聊的-感到无聊的
brave-bravery 勇敢的-勇气
care-careful-carefully-careless 在意-认真的-认真地-粗心的
Caution-cautious- 谨慎-谨慎的
celebrate-celebration 庆祝
center/center-central 中央-中心的
certain-certainly 确定的-当然
Challenge-challenging 挑战-有挑战性的
change-changeable 改变-可改变的
Cheer-cheerful 欢呼喝彩-兴高采烈的
Choose-choice 选择
Civil-civilization-civilian 公民的-文明-平民的
collect-collection 收集
Combine-combination 联合结合
Comfort-comfortable-comfortably 安慰，使安心-舒服的-舒服地
Communism- communist 共产主义-共产主义者
Compare-comparison 比较-比喻
compete-competition-competitive-competitor竞争-竞赛-有竞争力的-竞争者
Complain-complaint 抱怨
Complete-completely 完整的-完整地
Concentrate-concentration 专心于-专心
Conclude-conclusion 总结-结论 confident-confidence自信的-信心
congratulate-congratulation祝贺
Connect-connection 结合 construct-construction 建筑
Consider-consideration-considerate 考虑-考虑-考虑周到的
Consult-consultant 咨询-顾问 contribute-contribution贡献
Content-contentment 满足
Convenient-convenience-inconvenience 便利的-方便-不方便
Convention-conventional 传统-传统的
Cooperate-cooperation 合作
correct-correction 纠正
create-creative-creation-creativity 创造-创新的-创作-创造力
Curious-curiosity 好奇的-好奇心
danger-dangerous 使危险-危险
Decide-decision 决定 decorate-decoration 装饰
deep-depth-deeply 深的-深度-深深地
Defend –defence-defensive-defender 防御-保卫-防御的-保卫者
Deliberate-deliberately 故意的-故意地
delight-delightful-delighted 使高兴-高兴的-感到愉快的
Deliver-delivery 递送-快递，运送
Describe-description 描述
Design-designer 设计-设计师
determine-determination-determined 下决心-决心-下决心的
Develop-development 发展 devote-devotion 献身于-贡献
Die-dying-Dead-death-deadly 死亡-垂死的-死的-死亡-致命的
Differ-difference-different 与….不同-差异-不同的
difficult-difficulty 困难的-困难
Direct-direction-directly 指导/直接的-方向-直接地
Disable-disabled-disability 使残疾-残疾的-残疾
Disagree-disagreement 不同意
disappoint-disappointed-disappointing 使失望-感到失望的
Discover-discovery 发现
Discover-discovery 发现 discuss-discussion 讨论
Discriminate-discrimination 歧视
Distant-distance 遥远的-距离 distribute-distribution 分配
Distinct-distinction 不同的-差别
Distribute-distribution-distributive 分配-分发-分发的
Diverse-diversity 与…不同-多样性 divide-division 分开，分割
Donate-donation 捐赠
Dust-dusty 灰尘-尘土般的
Educate-education-educational-educated 教育-教育-教育的-受过教育的
Efficient-efficiency 有效率的-效率
Electric-electrical-electricity-electronic 电的-电的-电-电子的
Embarrass-embarrassing-embarrassed 使尴尬-令人尴尬的-感到尴尬的
Emerge-emergence 出现
Emergent-emergency 紧急的-紧急情况
Employ-employment-employer-employee 雇佣-雇佣-雇主-雇员
Encourage-encouragement 鼓励
End-ending-endless 结束-结局-无止境的
Energy-energetic 活力，能量-精力充沛的
Enjoy-enjoyable 享受-令人愉快的
Entertain-entertainment 使愉快-娱乐
Entire-entirely 完全的-完全地
Envy-envious 嫉妒-嫉妒的
equality-equal-equally 平等-平等的-平等地
Equip-equipment 给..配备-装备，设备
Eventual-eventually 最后的-最后地
evident-evidence 明显的-证据
Excite-excitement-excited-exciting 使激动-激动-感到激动的-令人激动的
Exist-existence-existing 存在-现存的
expect-expectation 期待
Explain- explanation 解释-解释
Explode-explosion 爆炸-爆炸
Explore-explorer-exploration 探索-探险者-探险
express-expression 表达
Extreme-extremely 极度的-极度地
fail-failure 失败
Faith-faithful 信念-有信心的
fantasy-fantastic想象-极好的
Fascinate-fascinating 使着迷-迷人的 final-finally 最后的-最后地
Favour-favourable-favourite 喜爱-有利的，赞成的-最喜欢的
Finance-financial-financially 财政-财政的-财政地
fluency-fluent-fluently 流利-流利的-流利地
Fortune-fortunate-fortunately 运气-幸运的-幸运地
Free-freedom 自由 freeze-freezing 结冰-冰冻的
Frequent-frequently 频繁的-频繁地
friend-friendly-friendship 朋友-有好的-友谊
Fundamental-fundamentally 基本的-基础地
Fun-funny 乐趣-有趣地
general-generally总体的-普遍地 general–generosity 慷慨的-慷慨
Gentle-gently 温柔的-温柔地 gradual-gradually逐渐的-逐渐地
Govern-government 统治-政府
Grow-growth-growing 生长-成长-不断增长的
Guide-guidance 指导 harm-harmful 伤害-有害的
guilt-guilty 愧疚的-愧疚 gift-gifted 天府-有天赋的
Happy-happiness
Health-healthy健康-健康的
Hesitate-hesitation-hesitant-hesitantly 犹豫-迟疑-犹豫的-迟疑地
Honor-honorable (美)/ honour-honourable(英) 荣誉-荣耀的
hope-hopeful-hopeless 希望-有希望的-无望的
Humor-humorous （美）Humour-humourous（英）幽默-幽默的
Hunger-hungry 饥饿-饥饿的 hunt-hunter 捕猎-猎人
identity-identification辨认-身份
Ill-illness 生病的-疾病 legal-illegal合法的-非法的
Imagine-imagination 想象 Immediate-immediately 立即的-立刻
Important-importance-unimportant 重要的-重要性-不重要的
Impossible-impossibly 不可能的-不可能地
Impress-impression-impressive 使印象深刻-印象-令人印象深刻的
Independent-independence 独立的-独立
Injure-injury-injured 使受伤-伤害-受伤的
insist-insistence-insistent 坚持-坚持的
Inspire-inspired-inspiration 鼓励-受到鼓舞的-鼓励
instant-instantly 立刻的-立刻，马上
Instruct-instruction 指示，指导 Introduce-introduction 介绍
Interrupt-interruption 打断-打扰
Invent-invention 发明
invite-invitation 邀请
Irrigate-irrigation 灌溉 improve-improvement 改善
Judge-judgment /judgement(美) 判断
Just-justice 公平的-公义 Know-knowledge 认识-知识
Kind-kindness 善良的-善良、仁慈
Late-lately-later 晚的-最近-后来
Late-latest-lately 迟到-最新的-最近
liberty-liberation 自由-解放 love-lovely 爱-可爱的
Limit-limitation 限制 live-lively 活的，直播的-活跃地
Long-length-lengthen 长的-长度-延长
lose-loss-lost 丢失-损失-丢失的
Magic-magical-magically 魔法-魔法的-神奇地
main-mainly 主要的-主要地
major-majority 主要的-大部分
Manage-manager-management 管理-经理-管理
marry-married-marriage 结婚-结婚了的-婚姻
Mean-meaning-meaningful 意味着-意义-有意义的
Measure-measurable-measurement 测量-可测量的-衡量
medicine-medical 药-医药的，医学的
Mental-mentally 精神的-精神地 mercy-merciful 仁慈-仁慈地
Mere-merely 仅仅的-仅仅 mine-mineral 矿井-矿物的
minor-minority 小的-小部分
Motivate-motivation 使..有动力-动机 month-monthly 月份-每月地
mountain-mountainous 山-多山的 Music-musical 音乐-音乐的
nation-national-nationality 民族-民族的，国家的-国籍
nature-natural 自然-自然的
negotiate-negotiation 谈判 normal-normally 普通的-通常地
observe-observation 观察 obvious-obviously 明显的-明显地
occupy-occupation-occupied 占据-职业-被占据的
official-officially 正式的-正式地 office-officer 办公室-官员
operate-operation 运营，做手术 – 操作，手术
oppose-opposite 反对-相反的
organize-organization 组织 participate-participation 参加-参与
paint-painter-painting 画画-画家-画作
particular-particularly-特别的-尤其是
perfect-perfectly 完美的-完美地
perform-performance-performer 表演，表演-表现，演出-表演者
permit-permission 准许-许可
personal-personally 个人的-个人地
persuade-persuasive-persuasion 劝说-有说服力的-说服
please-pleased-pleasant-pleasure 取悦-满意的-愉快的-愉快
poison-poisonous 下毒-有毒的
polite-politely 礼貌的-礼貌地 pollute-pollution 污染
political-politically-politics 政治的-政治地-政策
possess-possession-possessive 占据-财产-占有欲强的
possible-possibility-impossible 可能的-可能性-不可能的
power-powerful 力量-强有力的
practice-practical-practically 实践-实际的-实际上
prefer-preference 偏爱 prepare-preparation 准备
press-pressure 按压-压力
prevent-prevention-preventive 阻止-预防-预防的
private-privacy 私人的-隐私
probable-probably 可能的-可能
produce-product-production 生产-产品-生产
proper-properly 合适的-合适地
propose-proposal 提议
punish-punishment 惩罚
real-realize-reality 真实的-意识到-现实
reason-reasonable 原因-合理
recognize-recognition 认出，识别，承认-认出，承认
recover-recovery 恢复-痊愈
reflect-reflection-reflective 反射-映射-深思的，反光的
regular-regulation-irregular 有规律的-规律-不规律的
relate-relation-relative-relatively 与…相关-关系-有关的-相对地
rely-reliable-reliance 依赖-可靠的-可靠性
report-reporter 报告-记者
represent-representative 代表-有代表性的
require-requirement 要求 reserve-reservation 保存
resist-resistance 抵抗-抵抗性 restrict-restriction 限制
respond-response-responsive 回复-反应-反应快的
retire-retirement 退休
sad-sadness 伤心的-悲伤
safe-safety-safely 安全的-安全-安全地
satisfy-satisfaction-satisfied-satisfying 使满意-满意-感到满意的-令人满意的
science-scientific-scientifically 科学-科学的-科学地
season-seasonal 季节-季节的
secure-security 安全的-安全
sense-sensitive-sensible 感觉-敏感的-明智的
separate-separation 使分隔-分离
serious-seriously 严肃的-严肃地
settle-settlement 安家，定居 silent-silence 沉默的-沉默
sharp-sharpen 尖锐的-使尖锐
short-shortly-shorten-shortage 短的-不久-缩短-短缺
sick-sickness 生病的-疾病
significant-significance 重大的-重大
silent-silence 沉默的-沉默
similar-similarity 相似度-相似之处
simple-simply-simplify 简单的-简单地-简化
sincere-sincerely 真诚的-真诚地
skill- skillful-skillfully 技能-熟练的
slight-slightly 轻微的-轻微地 sleep-sleepy 睡觉-昏昏欲睡的
slow-slowly 慢的-慢地 social-society 社会的，社交的-社会
soft-softly 柔软的-温和地 special-specially 特别的-特别
spirit-spiritual 精神-精神的 starve-starvation 挨饿-饥饿
state-statement 陈述，说明
strange-strangely-stranger 奇怪的，陌生的-奇怪的-陌生人
stress-stressful-stressed 使焦虑-紧张的-焦虑不安的
strong-strength-strengthen 强烈的-力量-加强
succeed-success-successful-successfully 成功-成功-成功的-成功地
sudden-suddenly 突然的-突然地
suggest-suggestion 建议 suit-suitable 合适-合适的
suit-suitable 合适-合适的
surround-surrounding-surroundings 围绕-周围的-环境
survive-survival 生存
suspect-suspicion- suspicious 怀疑-疑心-怀疑的
sympathy-sympathetic 同情-同情的
taste-tasty-tasteless 口味，品味、品尝-美味的-没有味道的
technical-technically 技艺的-技术上
terror-terrify-terrible 恐慌-是恐慌-可怕的
thank-thankful 感谢-感激的
thrill-thrilling 使兴奋-令人激动的
tolerate-tolerance-tolerant 忍受-宽容-宽容的
total-totally 完全的-完全地
tour-tourist 旅游-游客
tradition-traditional 传统-传统的 treat-treatment 治疗
transform-transformation 转换
true-truly 真实的-真实地
vacant-vacancy 空的-空缺
value-valuable 价值-有价值的
various-variety-vary同的-多样性-变化
vertical-vertically 垂直的-垂直地
visit-visitor 参观-游客
warm-warmth-温暖的-温暖
wealth-wealthy 财富-富有的
wise-wisdom 睿智的-智慧
wonder-wonderful 奇迹-美妙的
worry-worried 担心-担心的高考英语--虚词必背短语
A
as if/though 好像，仿佛
as long as 只要;和……一样长
as soon as ……就……
as usual照例,照常,跟往常一样
as well 也,还
as well as 既……又……;除……之外(还)
aside from 除……以外
ask for help 寻求帮助
ask for leave 请假
ask for trouble 自找麻烦，自讨苦吃
assist sb. in doing 帮助某人做……
assist sb. with sth.帮助某人(做)某事
associate….with 联合;把……与……联系在一起
associate with 与……相关;和……来往
at a bargain 廉价地
at a constant speed 以恒定速度;勾速
at a dimerent time 在不同的时间
at a disadvantage 处于不利地位
at a discount低于正常价格，打折
at a distance 在远处，有一些距离，稍远一些
at a loss 不知所错,困感
at a speed of 以………速度
at a time一次;每次:在某时
at all(用于否定句句末)根本;究意
at all costs 无论如何,不惜任何代价
at all times 一直;始终
at an end 完结,结束;耗尽
at any price无论如何:不惜任何代价
at any rate 不管怎样，无论如何，至少
at any risk 无论冒什么风险，无论如何
at any time 在任何时候，随时
at best 充其量，至多
at Christmas 在圣诞节
at church 做礼拜
at dawn 在黎明时刻
at dusk 在黄昏
at ease 安逸,自由自在;舒适
at first 首先，最初(=at/in the beginning) at first sight/glance 乍一看,初看起来
at full length 极详细地,详详细细地;全身平伸地
at hand 近在手边，在附近
at home 在家;在国内
at intervals 时时，不时;相隔一定距离(或时间)
at last 终于,最后
at length 最后,终究;详尽地
at midnight 在午夜
at(the)most 至多,最多
at no time 从不，决不
at once 立刻,马上
at one time 曾经,一度
at one's command 听候某人的吩咐;服从某人的支配
at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候
at one’s earliest convenience 在某人方便的时候尽早
at one's own pace 按某人自己的节奏
at one's service 听某人差遣，听凭某人吩咐
at peace 处于和平/和睦状态
at present 目前，现在(at the present time)
at random 随机地,任意地
at risk处境危险，遭受危险
at rush hour 在高峰期间
at the age of 在……岁时
at the beginning of 在……之初
at the bottom of在……底部或末端
at the cost of以……为代价
at the edge of 在……边缘
at the end of在……末,在……尽头;在……结束时
at the expense of 以……为代价
at the foot of 在……脚下
at(the)least至少
at the mercy of 任由……摆布;受……支配
at the moment 此刻;那时
at the rate of 按……速度;按……比率
at the risk of冒着……风险
at the sacrifice of 以牺牲……为代价
at the same time 同时;然而
at the sight of 一看见……(就……)
at the start of 在……开始的时候
at the thought of 一想到……;一想起……
at the top of 在……顶端
at times 有时,偶尔
at war 在交战，在打仗
at will 随意地;任意地
at work 在工作;在运转
attach great importance to认为……很重要;高度重视……
attach sth. to sth.把某物附在某物上
attempt to do sth.试图做某事,努力做某事
B
base….on/upon….把……建立在……的基础上 be about to do sth.正要做某事;即将做某事
be absorbed in 全神贯注于,专注于
be abundant in..……丰富,富于…....
be committed to 致力于;委身于;以……为已任
he accompanied by 在……的陪同下
be accesible to易到达…;易接近…………,易进入……
be concerned about 关心，担心
be concened with 与…--有关系/有牵连;对………
be accused of被指控……,被告有 关心
be addicted to……上于..
be adequate to do sth.足以做某事
be connected wihh 与……-有关系
be content with 满足于…
be crazy about 对……狂热/着迷
be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事
be crowded with 挤满了
be amazed at 对……感到惊讶/大为惊奇
be curious about 对……感到好奇
be anxious about/for 为……担心
be applied to 应用于,适用于
be determined to do sth.下定决心做某事
be appropriate to 对……很适合
be devoted to 专心于/致力于……的;献身于……的;
be ashamed of 对……感到惭愧/羞耻 对……深爱
be associated with sb./sth.与某人/某事有关
be astonished at 对……感到非常惊讶
be distant from 离……遥远
be available 可供使用的;有空的
be dying for极想/渴望…
be/become aware of 知道，意识到
be dying to do sth.极想做某事，渴里做某事
be/get back on one's feet 经受打击后重新振作;东山再起
be enthusiastic about 热衷于;对……充满热情
be bad for 对……有害
be equal to sth.胜任某事
be badly in need of急需·……
be expected to do sth.有望做某事;被期待做某事
be beneficial to对…-有利/有益
be faced with 面临，面对
be blamed for 因……被责备
be blessed with有幸拥有………,被赋予……;享有……的
be familiar to 为……所熟悉
be familiar with 对……熟悉
be famous for/to/as以……面著名/对于……来说很
be bound to do 一定或注定做…… 出名/作为…面出名
be buried in 沉思，专心于(工作等)
be filled with 充满……(=be full of)
be fond of 喜欢;喜爱
be forced to do sth.被迫做某事
be busy doing忙于做…
be foreign to…对………是陌生的;与……无关的
be capable of 能够
be good at 擅长(=do well in)
be careful not to do 小心不要做……
be good for 有益于;对……有好处
be caught in突然遇上(风、雨等)
be cautious about谨慎对待;当心
be greedy for 对……贪婪的/贪心的
be classified as被归类为
be clear about 对……明白;对……明确 对……感到内疚
be hard on sb.对某人严厉
be/get close to 接近，靠近
be home to 是……的所在地/发源地
be of the same age 同龄
be honoured for 因………而受到尊敬
be/feel honoured to do sth.做某事感到荣幸
be on/off duty上班/不上班
be on good terms(with)(与…)关系很好
be on vacation 在度假
be hungry for 渴望……
be opposed to 反对，反抗(to 是介词) bc
be hot at/on 对……-很拿手.精通………
be optimistic about 对……持乐观态度
be impressed by'with 对……印象深刻,留下深刻印象
be particular about 对……挑剔
be in fashion 时兴,流行
be passionate about 热爱……,酷爱……
be in fear(of)(为-)提心吊胆
be piled with 堆满…
be pleased to do 乐于做………
be in good condition 情况良好
be popular with/among 受……的欢迎
be/get prepared to do sth.准备做某事
be proud of 为……感到骄傲/自豪
be in prison 在献中,被监禁
be in want of 需要……
be puzzled about/with 对……感到困感
be in/have the habit of 有……的习惯
be get ready for 为……-做准备
be independent of不依赖…;不受……支配;独立
be/get ready to do sth.准备做某事
be intended to do sth.打算做某事
be/become interested in 对……感兴趣
be reduced to tears 伤心落泪
be referred to as被称为…
be known for/as/to因…而著名/作为…--而出
be related to 与…-有关
be lacking in 欠缺，没有
be relevant to 与…密切相关
be likely to do sth.很可能做某事，有希望做某事
be limited to 局限于
be respectful of 尊重
be loaded with 装满…
be responsible for 对…-…-负有责任;是……的原
be located in/at位于，坐落于
be restricted to限于,局限于
be lost in 沉浸于…….专心于…..
be made up of 由……组成/构成
be satisfied with对……感到满意
be marked on 标记在
be scared/frightened to death 吓死
be marked with 标记着
be meant to do sth.打算/有意要做某事
be scheduled to do sth.计划做某事，被安排傲某事
be modelled after根据……模仿/仿造
be seated 就座，坐下
be named after 根据…命名
be native to 源于……,原产于…
be senior to sb.比某人年长;比某人级别(地位等
be knowledgeable about在……方面知识渊博的;
be sensitive to 对……敏感
be sent to 被送到….…
be set in 以……为背景
be nothing to 对……无足轻重
be separated from与…-分离/分开
be occupied with(doing)忙于(做)…
be of bad/poor quality质量差
be short for 是……-的缩写/简称
be of benefit to对…-有益处
be short of 短缺，缺乏
be of great importance(to)(对……)很重要
be similar to 与……相似
be of great/no significance有重大/无意义
be starved of 急需
bring shame on 给……-带来耻导
bring out 显示.使易现，出版
bring..to life 使……复活，烟子……生命
bring.to light 使……显露出来
bring up 养育.抚养;呕吐
build one's confidence 建立某人的信心
bum down 烧毁，烧坏
build up 送步建立，逐渐积聚
build up one's strength 增强体力 想做……
bum to the ground 烧成灰烬
by accident 意外地,偶然地
by all means 无论如何:当然可以
burst into 突然……起来
by and by 不久，马上
by chance 偶然地,意外地
by any chance 或许，可能
by contrast 通过对比 持(做 )某事
by design 故意地
by hand 用手工，用体力by heart 凭记忆.记牢
by law据法律,在法律上
by letter 以书信形式 大白
by luck 走运地;侥幸地
by means of 用.依靠，凭借
by mistake错误地;由于差错:无意地
by nature 生性:出于天性
by night 在夜间，趁黑夜
by no means一点儿也不
by now 到现在，这时
by oneself 单独
by request 依照请求 需要，适合
by sea/air乘船/乘飞机by the end of 到……结束时;到……时为止
by the piece 按件计算
by the time 到……的时候
by the way 顺便说一下
by the year 按年计
by tradition 按照传统风俗
by way of 通过……方式，经由
by weight 按重量
C
come about 发生，产生
can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事
cheer up 使高兴,使振奋;振作起来，打起精神
check out 检验，得到证实;结账离开;
check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记;托运(行李
care about 关心.忧虑，惦念
call for 要求，需要，呼吁，提倡
call on/upon 拜访.访问(后接sh.);号召
call one's names 骂某人
calm(..)down(使……)平静下来
can not choose but do 不得不做……,只好做
can't be bothered to do不想心去做…
can't help doing sth.禁不住做某事
catch fire 着火(表示动作)
catch one's eye/catch sight 引人注目
catch sight of 看见.瞥见
catch up with 赶上，追上
carry out 贯彻.执行，实行;实现，完成
carry through 坚持到底，进行到底;履行(承诺)
change one's mind 改变主意
compare...o.…. 把……与……相比，把……比作……
compared with 与……比起来
concentrate(.….)on.(把……)集中在……;
come from 来自，出生于
come into force 生效，实施
come into being/existence 形成,产生
come into effect(法律决议等)被实施，开始生效
consist in 在于;存在干
congratulate sh.on 为……祝贺某人
consist of 由……组成
come into use 投人使用,开始使用
contrary to 与……相反
come into view/sight 出现在视野中，映人眼帘
contribute to 有助于;捐献;带来，促成;投稿
contribute.to.….把……捐献拾……
convince sh. of.使某人相信某事
come out 出来,出现;开花,发芽;出版,发表;
come over 顺便来访息、真相等)为人所知，结果是;(照片)冲洗
cope with 对付，应付;处理
come round/around to 短暂访问:改变心态;改变
count on/upon 依靠,指望
come to苏醒;总数是，总计;
come to a sudden stop突然停下来
cut across抄近路穿过;走近路
cut away 切除;割掉;砍掉;剪去
come to an end终止，结束
cut down 砍例;削减;减少使用
come to life 苏醒过来，开始有生气
cut in 打断;插嘴
cut off 切断(水、电等).中:阻碍，阻挡
come to oneself苏醒，恢复常态
come to power 当权;上台 用、食用)
cut through 开辟(出路或通道)
come true 实现,成为现实
cut up 切碎，剁碎
come up 走近;发生;升起;上升;发芽;(问题)被提出
comment on 对……发表评论
come up with 想出(主意)，提出
D
dance to music 伴着音乐跳舞
date from/back to 起始于，追测到
day after day 日复一日
day and night 夜以随日地
draw one's attention 引起某人的注意
draw the anger of 引起……的债部
deal with 处理,对付;涉及;做生意
decide on/upon 决定;选定
dream about/of梦见，梦想
dress up 乔装打扮
decorate...with用…-装饰…
depend on 取决干;依赖;依靠
drop by 顺便拜访
deserve to do sth.值得做某事
die away减弱、消失;渐熄;(风、声音等)渐弱，渐息;
due to 由于,因为
die down逐渐变弱;逐渐平息;逐渐暗淡
die from/of因…面死;死于…
die off 相继死去;先后死去
die out 天绝;消失
differ from 和……不同
do one's part尽自己的职责
do with 利用，处理
do sb.a favour 给某人以恩惠;帮某人忙
do well in 在…方面做得好
do wrong做错，做错事;做坏事
differ in 在……方面不同 eat away侵蚀,腐蚀，逐渐破坏
differ with 和……不一致，不同意
dig out 挖掘出;发现
disagree on/about/over sth.在某事上意见不一致
discourage sb. from doing sth.劝阻某人做某事，使某人打消做某事的念头
dive into迅速把手伸人;投入.钻研
do/cause damage to 对……造成损害
do good to 有益于…
do harm to损害，对……有害
do justice to公平对待;使……的价值充分发挥
E
equip…with.装备.配备;备有……以……装备
escape doing sth.逃过/逃避做某事
even if/though 即使，纵然
ever since 从那以后
every now and then 有时;偶尔
every time 每次，每当
except for 除……之外
exchange for…以……换取……
earn respect from赢得………的尊重
exchange...with sb.和某人交换……
exist in 存在于……之中
expose..to….使……露于…………·使……临…
end(up)with 以……结束;以……告终
end up doing 以……面告终;最终处于….
enjoy oneself过得快乐;玩得开心
F
find fault with 挑期:批评:抱您
find out 发现:查明，弄情情况;揭发
first of all 首先，第一
fit in相适应，相融合
fall asleep 人睡;睡着
fail to do sth.未做成某事
focus on 集中，关注
fold up 折叠;对折;例用;放弃
fall behind 落后,落在……后面
fall ill 生病
fall in love with sh. 爱上某人
for a moment 一会儿,片刻
for a time 一度;暂时;有段时间
for a while 一会儿
far from 远离;远非，完全不
for ever 永远;永久
for example/instance 例如
for fear of/that 生怕…… 以免…
far/long into the night 直到深夜
for free 免费
far too 极其;非常;远远
for fun 开玩笑地，非认真地
feed on 用……喂养;(动物)以……为食
for good 永远;水久
feed...to…把……喂给……
for joy 高兴地
feed...with...(=feed...into.)供给,供应;把…….塞入…..
feel at home 在家中般轻松自在;感觉自在.无拘束
for nothing 免费，徒劳
feel forced/pressured to do 感觉被迫做………
for one thing...for another一方面……另一方面…·
feel confident in 对……充满信心:对……感到有把握
for one's benefit 为了某人的利益
feel like doing sth.想做某事
for pleasure为了消遣;为了取乐
feel good 感到愉快(或有信心等)
feel one's way(如在黑暗中)摸索着走动;
for sale 出售;待售
for short 简称，缩略
for sure/certain 肯定地
for the better 好转向好的方向发展
feel oneself 感觉很好;觉得身体正常
for the first time 第一次
not feel oneself 觉得身体不好:感觉身体不舒服
for the moment 暂时目前
for the purpose of为了……的目的:为了…
for the sake of 为了;为了……的利益
for the time being暂时，眼下
for want of 因缺乏……
force..out(of)挤走;迫使……离开;把……从…
forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事
forget to do ath.忘记要去做某事
forgive sb.for(doing)sth.原谅某人(做了)某事
frankly speaking 老实说，但率地说
free from 无一…的,免……的;使摆脱;免于
free of charge 免费
from all over the world 来自世界各地 离开,出发，动身
from beginning to end 从头到尾，从开始到结束
from now/then on 从今以后/从那时起
from one's point of view从某人的观点/立场/见地
from the bottom of one's heart 真心诚意地，发自内心地
from time to time 间或;时常fulfill a dream 实现梦想
G
get hold of 得到，抓住
get started开始
get paid for 因……-得到报酬
get rid of除去.去掉;免除，摆脱
get over越过;恢复，痊愈;克服;完成
get on with sb.与某人相处
get married to 与…--结婚
get/be involved with 卷人，参加，参与
get on 上车(船等);取得进展，进步
generally speaking 一般来说 挥……最大功效
get through通过;(设法)微完;接通电话:渡过(难
get a taste of体验;感受;尝试 关)，熬过(困难时期等);用完，耗尽
get across 被传达;被理解;把……讲清楚
get together 聚会，联欢
get ahead走在(某人的)前面;领先;胜讨(某人)
get up 起床，起立
get along with 与……相处;取得进展
get upset 伤心:感到不安
get around/about 传播;流传;各处走动
get away(from)离开，脱身，摆脱;逃离，逃脱
get away with(做坏事而)未受惩罚，被放过;受到
give away露(自己的情况);泄露(秘密);赠送
get back 取回，找回，重新获得;报复
get badly hurt 受到严重伤害
give birth to 出生，分娩;诞生，出现
give in 屈服;让步;投降;交上;呈上
give life to赋予…-生命力/活力
give off 发出，放出(气味热、光等)
give out 发出(热、光等);分发，散发;公布，宣在
get down to sth.开始做某事;开始认真注意(或对待) 用完
give sb.a ride让某人搭车
give up 放弃，抛弃;停止，中止
give way to 让路.让步;被…代替
glance at/over 警见，瞥一眼，扫视
glance through 相略地看
go across 穿过，越过
go after追赶追逐，追，
go without 没有……也行
get along with伴;进发展;
grow into 成长为
go bad 变质
go by走过，经过(时间流;遵循(或依照)事:
go from bad to worse 每况愈下 喜欢,被……所吸引;努力争取
go in for 对……有兴趣.爱好;参加(考试/竞赛)
go mad 发疯
go missing 丢失;不见
go/be on a diet 节食 have a word with sh.与某人交谈
go on继续;上场;发生;(灯)亮;通(电)
go on a holiday 去度假
go on sale 上市销售 have/gain access to 有使用……的机会;有进入…
go on a journey 去旅行
go on with 继续
go out出去;送出;播出;发布;(火或灯光)熄灭
go over仔细检查;复习，温习
go shopping/hiking去购物/去徒步
go smoothly进展顺利
go through 浏览，翻阅，审查，详细研究;通过，完成;
go to college 上大学
H
head for 前往;出发
have nothing in common with 和……无共同点
have…in common 有相同的特点
have an effect on/upon 对……有影响
have an impact on/upon 对……有影响;对……造成
have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困难
have fun with/doing sth.乐于做某事
have affection for 喜爱，钟爱
have words with sh. 与某人吵架
have a good/great/wonderful time 过得愉快
have a deep love for 深爱…
happen to do/be 碰巧…….
hang up挂断电话:置，拖延
hang on 别挂断(电话);抓紧.紧;保回，不放弃
hand over(to)移交，转交
hand out(to)分发;提出，给予(建议、惩罚等)
hand down 宣布;把……传下去
hand in(to)交上，交付，提交
have a gift foe 有……的天赋
have a population of..有…-人口
have a temperature 发烧
head towards 向……方向进发;驶向
hear about/of 听到,听说
hear from 收到……的信(或电话电子邮件等);得到……的消息
help with 在某方面帮忙
here and there 到处，各处
hit on/upon偶然发现;忽然想到
hit sb. on the head 打某人的头
hold back阻止;控制(感情等);隐瞒
hold down 压制;压低
hold on 坚持;等一等，别挂断
hold onto抓住不放，坚持
hold one's breath 屏住呼吸，屏气
hold up 举起,竖起;支持住;延误,使耽搁
I
if necessary如果有必要的话
if not 如果不
if only但愿，如果……就好了
impress sb.with sth.给某人留下……印象
impress sth.on/upon sb.使某人铭记某事;使某人明白某事的重要性
in a flash 转瞬,立刻
in a hurry 匆忙地,急切地
in a mess 杂乱，乱成一团
in a rush 赶紧;匆忙
in a second立刻,马上，一会儿
in a sense 在某种意义上
in a short while 不久
in a...voice 用……声音(说),……声地
in a way在某种程度上
in a word总之，一句话
in action在运转，在活动中
in addition另外，此外
in addition to除……之外(还有，也)
in advance预先，事先;提前
in agreement with 同意;与……一致
in all/total总共，总计
in answer to 回答;作为对……的回答
in any case无论如何，不管怎样
in astonishment/surprise惊讶地，吃惊地
in brief简单地说，简言之
in case 以防;万一;假使
in case of 万一;如果发生;假设
in cash 用现金，有现钱
in celebration of 为庆祝……
in chaos 混乱，处于混乱状态
in charge of 负责,掌管
in the charge of 由……管理
in company with sb.和某人一起
in/by comparison with与……相比较
in conclusion 总之
in conflict with 与……冲突;与……相抵触
in connection with 与……有关
in consideration of作为对……的报酬
in contact with接触;与……有联系
in contrast与此相反;比较起来
in control(of)掌管,控制
in danger 处于危险之中
in debt负债;欠情
in decline在下降;在减少;在衰落;在衰退
in defence of保护，防护;为……辩护
in detail 详细地
in doubt 怀疑的,未确定的
in effect 事实上(=in fact);在实施中,有效
in exchange for交换;互换;作为……的交换
in fact 事实上
in favour of支持，赞同
in general总之,通常;一般说来,大体上
join in 加人;参加
join up (with sb.)(与某人)联合，会合;参军,人伍
judging from/by根据……判断,由……推测
jump to one's feet 一跃而起;跳起来
just now 刚才;此刻，眼下
just the opposite 正好相反，恰巧相反
just the same 还是;完全一样;照旧
K
keep a promise遵守诺言
keep a record of 把……记录下来;保留……的记载保持……记录
keep a secret保守秘密
keep an eye on照看，留意，密切注视
keep away(使)避开;(使)不靠近
keep in touch with 与……保持联系
keep it up 保持优秀成绩，继续做下去
keep one's balance保持平衡
keep one's eyes on 注视，盯着……看
keep one's word守信用，履行诺言
keep out 使……不进入;不卷人
keep pace with 跟上，同……步调一致
keep up继续;维持，保持
kill time 消磨时间
kind of有点儿,有几分
knock at/on 敲(门、窗等)
knock down(被车)撞倒;推倒;拆掉，拆毁(建筑物)
knock into撞上;与……相撞
knock out 打倒,击昏;淘汰;使不省人事
know about/of了解，知道……的情况
L
large amounts of大量的
long for 渴望
long for sb. to do sth.渴望某人做某事
look about 四下环顾;查看;察看
look after 照顾，看管
look ahead 向前看;展望未来;为将来设想
look around/round环视，环顾，四下察看;游览、参观
look around for 到处寻找;搜寻
look as if/as though 看起来好像……
lookat(仔细)察看,检查;思考,考虑,研究
look away from把目光从……移开
look back 回头看;回顾，回忆;回首(往事)
look back on/upon 回顾
look down on/upon蔑视,轻视，瞧不起
look for 寻找,寻求;期望,期待，盼望
look forward to 盼望;期待
look like 看起来像……
look into 向……里看;调查;审查
look on/upon…as 把……看作;把……视为
look out 向外看;注意;当心，提防
look out for 当心;寻找,搜寻
look over 查看,检查
look through 透过……看去;看穿;快速查看，浏览
lookup拜访，探访;(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅,查检;好转，改善
look up to 钦佩,仰慕，尊敬
lose confidence in 对……失去信心
lose face 丢脸
lose faith in 不再信任……
lose heart 丧失勇气;灰心
lose one's heart to 喜欢上……;倾心于……
lose one's mind 发疯;神经错乱
lose one's voice 失声,嗓子哑
lose one's way 迷路
lose sight 看不见;失去视力
lose sight of 看不见,消失
lose touch with 与……失去联系
lose track of失去……的线索;跟不上……的进展
lose weight 减肥;体重减轻
M
make a breakthrough 取得重大突破/进展
make a change做出改变
make a choice 做出选择
make sure 查明，弄清楚;确保
make sure of 确定;确保;尽力做到
make the best of尽可能利用(指对不利的条件等充分利用)
make the most of 充分利用;尽情享受
make time for 为……腾出时间
make trouble闹事，捣乱
make up 编造,杜撰;组成,构成;弥补;和解;化妆铺(床)
make up for 补偿，弥补
make up ones mind下定决心，打定主意
make use of 利用,使用
make good use of 好好利用
make way for 给……让路,让位于……
manage to do sth.设法做成某事
mean to do 打算做
mean doing 意味着做;意思是做
meet with遭遇(某事);会见(某人)
mess with 与……有牵连;卷人
millions of数百万的
mind one's own affairs/business少管闲事
miss out 错过;遗漏;省略
mix up 混淆;弄乱
more and more 越来越……
more or less 或多或少,……左右
more than超过;多于
most importantly最重要的是
move in/into 迁人,搬进来
N
name after 以……命名
not a few 不少;相当多
not..any longer/more 不再
not...at all一点也不;丝毫不
not in the least 一点也不;毫不
not more than 不超过
not to mention 更不用说,不必提及
nothing but 除了……
now and again 不时;时而
now and then偶尔;有时;不时
now that 既然，由于
O
object to 反对; 不同意;不赞成
occupy oneself in 专心于;忙于
occur to sb.(观念或想法)被某人想到;出现在某人头脑中
of one’s own属于某人自己的
of one's(own)free will 出于自愿
of oneself自动地,自然而然地
on account of 因为，由于
on an average 平均而言;一般说来;作为平均数
on average 平均,平均起来
on behalf of代表; 为了;以……名义
on board 在车(船、飞机等)上
on business 出差
on condition that 如果;只要,条件是
P
participate in 参加;参与
pass away 去世，逝世
pass by 经过
pass the time 打发时间;消磨时光
pay attention to 注意;重视
pay off偿清;得到好结果，取得成功
pay one's respects to sb.向某人致敬
pay/make a visit to 访问
permit doing sth.允许做某事
permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事
persuade sb. of sth.使某人相信某事
persuade sb.to do/into doing sth.说服某人做某事
pick out 精心挑出;认出来，辨别出
pick up捡起;搭载;(偶然)学会;接(电话);感染得到;(碰巧或廉价地)买到;收听(广播);改善,好转
pile up 堆积;积压
piles of 成堆的;一大批
place an order with 向……订购
play a joke on sb./play jokes on sb.戏弄某人
play a part/role(in)参与,起作用,扮演角色
play a trick on sb./play tricks on sb.捉弄某人
plenty of 大量的
plug into 把电器(插头)插入;接通
point out 指出，指明
point to/at指向;指着
Q
quarrel about/over 为……而争吵
quarrel with 跟(某人)吵架;不赞同，反对(某事)
queue up 排队等候
quite a few/little 相当多
R
raise awareness of 提高对……的认识
raise money筹款
raise one's eyebrows (at sth.)扬起眉毛(表不赞同或惊讶)
raise one's spirits 使振奋;使鼓起勇气
range from….to…在……到……的范围内变化
rather than 而不是
reach a compromise 达成妥协
reach out 伸出(手);提供援助
reach out to sb.向某人伸出援手
react against 反对;反抗
react on/upon起作用于;对……有影响 react to(对……)作出反应;回应
read…into…. 理解……时加进……;对……做过多的理解
read over/through认真通读;仔细核对
reason with sb.与某人理论;规劝某人;(用道理)劝说
recognise…as…. 把……当作……;承认……为……
recover from从……中恢复健康/恢复常态
refer to 提到,谈到;参考,查阅;涉及,关于;指的是;适用于
refer to.….as…. 把……称作……
reflect on 认真思考,沉思
regardless of不顾，不管
relate to 与……有联系;与……有关联
rely on 依靠，依赖
remark on/upon 对……发表评论
remember me to….代我向……致意
remind…of.… 使……想起……
S
scores of 许多;大量
scream at sb.对某人大声喊叫
search for 寻找，搜索
second to none首屈一指
see sb.off 为某人送行
see...as… 把……看作……
see through 看透，识破
see to 办理;照管;料理
seeing that...鉴于,由于;因为
seek out 找出,搜出
seek shelter 寻求庇护
seek to do 试图做;设法做
select sb./sth. as….选定某人/某物为……
send a message to 给……送信/发送消息
send away发送;派遣;解雇;驱逐
send for派人去叫/请/拿
send off发送，寄出
send out分发,散发;发出(光、信号、声音等)
send up(通过滑稽模仿)取笑，讽刺;判(某人)人狱
sentence sb to death判某人死刑
separate…from….把……和……分开;使……和……分离
set about 开始做;着手做(尤指费时、费力的事)
set an example to sb.给某人树立榜样
set aside将……在一;为…节省或保留(钱或时间);暂不考虑;撤销，驳回
set down写下，记下;规定
set fire to 给……点火
set free 释放(某人)
step by step逐步地
step forward走出，向前进;站出来
stick out 把……坚持到底;突出，醒目
stick to 坚持;遵守;粘住
store..away/up贮存;贮藏;保存
strangely enough 奇怪的是,真奇怪
stress the importance of强调……的重要性
struggle against同……作斗争
struggle for为争取……而奋斗
struggle to do 努力做;极力做
subscribe to 同意，赞成;捐助;订购
succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事
such as 比如;诸如
suffer from 忍受,遭受;患……病;受……之苦
sum up 总结，概述
supply sb. with sth./supply sth. to sb.为某人提供某物
suspect sb. of doing sth.怀疑某人做某事
swallow up(海浪等)吞噬(船等),淹没;吞并;花光(钱),耗尽
sweep over 向……扩展;掠过,席卷
sweep up 打扫
switch off(用开关)关掉;切断(电源) switch on 接通，打开，开启
T
take a course 选课;修一门课程
take a deep breath 深呼吸;深吸一口气
take a look at 看一看;检查
take a shower 冲澡;淋浴
take a risk/take risks冒险
take a walk散步
take a year off休假一年
take action 采取行动
take advantage of 利用
take after(外貌或行为)像(父或母)
take(an active)part in(积极)参加
to make matters worse 更糟糕的是
to one’s amusement令某人感到好笑(有趣)的是
to one’s astonishment/surprise令某人惊讶的是
to one's credit 值得赞扬的是
to one's delight使某人高兴的是
to ones joy 使某人高兴的是
to one's regret 让某人遗憾的是
to one’s relief让某人宽心的是
to one's shame 令某人感到羞耻的是
to one’s sorrow令某人悲伤的是
to one's taste合乎某人的口味
to some degree在某种程度上
to start with 首先;作为开始(=fora start)
to tell(you)the truth 说实话，实话实说
to the point 中肯的,扼要的;切题的
too.….to… 太……而不能……
U
under attack受到攻击
under consideration在考虑中
under construction 在建设中;正在施工中 under control处于控制之下
under debate/discussion在讨论中
under pressure 面临压力，在压力之下;受到压力 under repair 在修理中
under the control of在……的控制之下
under the influence of在……的影响下
under the impression of以为…;(通常指)误认
为……
under the name of 用……名字;以……假名
under the protection of在……的保护之下
up and down上上下下;来来回回
up to达到，至多有
up to date 时新的,时髦的;拥有(或包含)最新信息
up to now 到现在为止
upon graduation一毕业(就……)
upside down 倒置地;颠倒
urge on 鼓励，激励，鞭策，为……加油
use one's head 动动脑筋
use up 用完,耗尽
V
various kinds of各种各样的 vary from 与……不同
vote for/against投票赞成/反对
W
wait and see耐心等待;等着瞧
wait for 等待，等候;(尤指长期地)希望，盼望，期待
wake up 醒来;唤醒,叫醒;活跃起来,使活跃;开始警觉;开始了解真相
wake up to 意识到;认识到
wander about/around/through徘徊,闲逛，漫游
warn sb.of sth.告诫(提醒)某人当心(注意)某事
wash away冲走，冲掉，冲垮
watch it小心，留神，当心
watch one's step 留心脚底下，走路小心;小心行事，当心
watch out 小心;提防
watch out for 密切注意
with the purpose of 目的是;为了
withdraw from 退出;撤退;撤离;退回
within the reach of sb.某人手所能够到的，力所能及
without delay毫不延迟地
without doubt无疑地;确实地
without effect 无效地;没有用
without result毫无结果地
without support无支持;孤立无援
word for word 逐字地
work on 继续工作;从事,致力于;努力说服,努力改善
work out 计算出;制订出,想出;解决
work up to逐步发展到，逐渐达到(更高或更深的程度)
work with 与……共事;对……有效
would rather 宁愿,宁可
write down写下，记录下
Y
year after year 年年(如此)
year by year 年年(变化)
yell at/to 向……叫喊/大喊/吼叫
yield to 屈服，让步高考英语--形近词
aboard/abroad
aboard prep. & adv. 在（船/车/飞机等）上；上（船/车/飞 机等）
He was already aboard the plane.
他已经登机了。
The plane crashed, killing all 200 people aboard.
飞机失事，机上200人全部遇难。
abroad adv. 在国外；到国外
He was famous, both at home and abroad.
他享誉国内外。

accept/concept/except

accept v. 接受
I don't think they would accept that view.
我认为他们不会相信那个观点。
concept n. 概念；观念
He can't grasp the basic concepts of mathematics.
他无法掌握数学的基本概念。
except conj. & prep. 除外
We work every day except Sunday.
我们除星期天外都工作。

access/assess

access n. 通路；机会
The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.
去那农舍的唯一通路是穿过田野。
assess v. 评价
Many of the adults were assessed as having learning difficulties.
许多成年人被认定有学习困难。

accident/incident

accident n. 事故；意外遭遇
Sam had an accident at work and had to go to hospital.
山姆在工作时发生意外事故，不得不去医院。
incident n. 事件
There was a shooting incident near here last night.
昨夜这附近发生了枪击事件。

adapt/adopt

adapt v. （使）适应；改编；改写
The children are finding it hard to adapt to the new school.
孩子们发觉很难适应新学校。
Three of her novels have been adapted for television.
她的长篇小说中有三部已改编成电视节冃。
adopt v. 收养；釆用
She was forced to have her baby adopted.
她被迫把婴儿给人收养。
All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.
三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。

adventure/event/eventually/invent/prevent

adventure n. 冒险
Do you like adventure in your life
生活屮你喜欢冒险吗？
event n. 重大事件；（发生的）事情
It is easy to be wise after the event.
事后诸葛亮人人都会做。
eventually adv. 最终；终于
You will succeed eventually.
你终会成功的。
invent v. 发明；创造
In 1930, German scientists invented the tape we use today.
1930年，德国科学家发明了我们如今使用的磁带。
prevent v. 阻止；防止
In this way we prevented the spread of this disease.
我们用这种方式防止了这种疾病的蔓延。

admit/permit

admit v. 容许进入；承认
Only ticket-holders will be admitted to/into the stadium.
持票者方可进入体育场。
I had to admit （to） being nervous about the test.
我不得不承认对这次考试感到紧张。
permit v. 许可 准许
Mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library.
在图书馆里的任何地方都不允许打电话。

affect/affection/effect/effort

affect v. 影响
You opinion will not affect my decision.
你的意见不会影响我的决定。
affection n. 喜爱；钟爱
She was held in deep affection by all her students.
她的学生都十分爱戴她。
effect n. 影响；作用
We don't know the long-term effects of pollution.
我们不了解污染的长远影响。
effort n. 努力；力气
It's a long climb to the top, but well worth the effort.
爬到顶上路程很长，虽然费力却很值得。

angel/angle

angel n. 天使
Thank you a thousand times, you're an angel.
千恩万谢了，你是个天使。
angle n. 角度
Thanks to the angle at which he stood, he could just see the sunset.
多亏他站的角度，他刚好能看到曰落。

appoint/disappoint

appoint v. 任命；约定
Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.
山姆被任命为工程部经理，接替乔治。
We appointed a day in June for celebration.
我们把庆祝会定在六月的一天。
disappoint v. 使失望
I'm sorry to disappoint you, but I can't come after all.
真抱歉让你失望，可我实在不能来。

approve/approval/improve/prove

approve v. 批准；认可；赞成；同意
Do you approve of my idea
你同意我的想法吗？
approval n. 赞成；同意
I was always trying to win my father's approval.
我总是想方设法赢得父亲的赞许。
improve v. 改善；提高
I thought the best way to improve my French was to live in France.
我认为提高我的法语水准的最好办法是到法国生活。
prove v. 证明；证实
Just give me a chance and I'll prove it to you.
只要给我个机会，我会证明给你看。

aspect/expect/inspect/suspect

aspect n. 方面
Dealing with people is the most important aspect of my work.
与人打交道是我工.作中最重要的一方面。
expect v. 预料；预计
I expect to be back within a week.
我预计一周之内回来。
inspect v. 仔细检査
Make sure you inspect the goods before signing for them.
要确保在签收货物之前仔细检査。
suspect v. 怀疑
I suspected that there was something wrong with the engine.
我怀疑发动机出了什么故障。

awake/aware

awake adj. 醒着的
How do you stay awake during boring lectures
听乏味的讲座时你如何让自己不睡着？
aware adj. 知道的；意识到的
Everyone should be made aware of the risks involved.
应该让人人都知道所涉及的风险。

breath/breathe

breath n. 呼吸；气息
We had to stop for breath before we got to the top.
我们不得不喘曰气，然后再豎山顶。
breathe v. 呼吸
The air was so cold we could hardly breathe.
空气非常寒冷,我们难以呼吸。

board/broad

board n. 公告牌；布告牌
Can I put this notice on the board
我可以把这张通告贴在布告牌上吗？
broad adj. 宽的；阔的
He gave her a broad smile.
他给她一个灿烂的微笑。

compete/complete

compete v. 竞争
Young children will usually compete for their mother's attention.
小孩子通常都会在母亲面前争宠。
complete ① v. 完成；结束；② adj. 完全的；彻底的:
① She completed her degree in two years.
她在两年内修完了学位。
② The news came as a complete surprise.
这消息让人十分意外。

complex/flexible/reflect

complex adj. 复杂的
It is a complex system, but it certainly makes a change.
这是个复杂系统，但肯定有所改进。
flexible adj. 可变通的；灵活的
Our plans need to be flexible enough to cater for the needs of every one.
我们的计划必须足够变通，以满足每个人的需要。
reflect v. 反映；反思
The drop in consumer spending reflects concern about the economy.
消费支出的卜降反映出人们对经济的担忧。
We should all give ourselves time to reflect.
我们都应该给自己时间来深思。

conclude/include

conclude v. 断定；推断出
He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favor of the plan.
他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。
include v. 包括；包含
Your duties include typing letters and answering the phone.
你的职责包括打信件和接电话。

confuse/refuse

confuse v. 使糊涂；使迷惑
His directions really confused me.
他指的路线真把我弄糊涂了。
refuse v. 拒绝；回绝
She refused to accept that there was a problem.
她拒不承认有问题存在。

complain/explain

complain v. 抱怨
She complained that no one had been at the airport to meet her.
她抱怨说没人到机场接她。
explain v. 解释;说明
Not every judge, however, has the ability to explain the law in simple words.
然而，并非每个法官都能用浅易的话来解释法律。

consist/insist/resist

consist v. 由构成
Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times.
生活不仅有阳光，还有艰难困苦。
insist v. 坚持；坚决要求；坚持认为
He insisted on walking me to the station to see me off.
他坚持要陪我走到车站为我送行。
He insisted on his innocence.
他坚持说自己是无辜的。
resist v. 抵制；抵抗
We found the apple pie too good to resist.
我们觉得这块苹果馅饼令人无法抗拒。

contain/maintain/obtain

contain v. 包含 含有
The drink doesn't contain any alcohol.
这种饮料不含任何酒精。
maintain v. 维持；保持
The two countries have always maintained close relations.
这两个国家一直保持着密切关系。
obtain v. 获得；得到
In the second experiment they obtained a very clear result.
第二次试验他们获得了明确的结果。

precious/previous
precious adj. 宝贵的
We cannot afford to waste precious time.
我们浪费不起宝贵的时间。
previous adj. 以前的；先前的
He has no previous experience of this kind of work.
他以前没有做这类工作的经验。

promote/remote
promote v. 促进
You don't have to sacrifice environmental protection to promote economic growth.
你们没有必要牺牲环保来促进经济增长。
remote adj. 遥远的；偏远的
a remote border town
一个偏远的边境小镇

principle/principal
principle n. 道德原则；行为准则
I refuse to lie about it; it's against my principles.
我绝不为此事撒谎；那违背我的原则。
principal adj. 最重要的；首要的
The principal reason for my change of mind is this.
我改变主意的最重要原因就是这个。

protect/protest
protect v. 保护 防护
I feel that not enough is being done to protect the local animal life.
我觉得在保护当地动物方面做得还不够。
protest v. 抗议；反对
Students took to the streets to protest against the decision.
学生们走上街头，抗议这项决定。

quite/quiet
quite adv. 相当；某种程度上
He plays quite well.
他表现得相当好。
quiet adj. 安静的
Could you keep the kids quiet while I'm on the phone
我在打电话，你让孩子安静点好吗？

quality/quantity

quality n. 质量；品质；品德
This model is of good quality, but it is too expensive.
这个型号是高质量的，但是太贵了。
What qualities does a great person have
伟人具有什么样的品德？
quantity n. 数量
Prices vary according to the quantity ordered.
价格根据所订数量而变化。

remain/remind
remain v. 剩余 留存
Very little of the house remained after the fire.
火灾过后，这座房子所剩无几。
remind v. 提醒；使想起
We put up a board to remind people to protect the trees.
我们竖起一块牌子提醒人们保护树木。

refer/infer
refer v. 提到;谈及
I promised not to refer to the matter again.
我答应过再也不提这事了。
infer v. 推断
I interred from his letter that he was still angry with me.
根据他的来信我推断他还在生我的气。

serve/deserve/observe/reserve
serve v. 接待；服务
There was only one girl serving customers.
只有一个女孩接待顾客。
deserve v. 应得；应受到
I'm sorry for the kids. They deserve to be treated in a better way.
我为这些孩子感到难过，他们应该受到更好的待遇。
observe v. 观察；观测
One student performs the experiment, while his partner observes.
一名学生做实验，他的搭档则进行观察。
reserve v. 预订；保留
I'd like to reserve a table for two.
我想预订一张两人的餐桌。
A separate room is reserved for smokers.
有一间独立房间是留给吸烟者用的。

share/sharp
share v. 共享；合用
I shared a room with her when I was at college.
我上大学时和她共住一个房间。
sharp adj. 锋利的 尖的
a sharp knife
一把锋利的刀

sign/sigh
sign n. 标记；符号；迹象
The sign on the wall said “Now wash your hands”.
墙上的牌子上写着“现在请洗手”。
sigh v. 叹气；叹息
He sighed deeply at the thought.
一想到这个想法，他就深深地叹了口气。

stare/starve
stare v. 盯着看；凝视
I screamed and everyone stared.
我尖叫一声，众人都盯着我看。
starve v. 挨饿；饿死
The animals were left to starve to death.
那些动物只能等着饿死。

state/statue/status
state n. 状态；州
The house was in a terrible state.
房子状况很糟糕。
statue n. 雕像；塑像
The statue was carved out of a single piece of stone.
这座雕像是用整块石料雕成的。
status n. 地位；身份
Women are only asking to be given equal status with men.
妇女只是要求得到和男人平等的地位。

steal/steel
steal v. 偷
I had my wallet stolen.
我的钱包被人偷了。
steel n. 钢
iron and steel
钢铁
strike/stick
strike v. 打；撞击
He fell, striking his head on the edge of the table.
他摔倒了，头碰在桌子边上。
stick v. （被）刺入；（被）戳进
I found a nail sticking in the tire.
我发现轮胎上扎了一根钉子。

source/resource
source n. 来源；出处
Your local library will be a useful source of information.
你们当地的图书馆将是很好的资料来源。
resource n. 资源；财力
Some families don't have the resources to feed themselves adequately.
有些家庭没有足够的资源来养活自己。

suppose/support
suppose v. 认为； 猜想
I suppose (that) price will go up.
我认为价格会上涨。
support v. 支持；拥护:
If you raise it at the meeting, I'll support you.
如果你在会上提出这个问题，我将支持你。

sweet/sweat
sweet adj. 含糖的；甜的
This wine is too sweet for me.
这种葡萄酒对我来说太甜了。
sweat n. 汗水
She wiped the sweat from her face.
她擦去脸上的汗水。

tend/attend/intend/pretend
tend v.
tend to/toward(s) sth 倾向于…；有 …的趋势
The sort of music I listen to varies, but it tends toward light music.
我所听的音乐形形色色，不过一般都是轻音乐。
attend v. 出席；参加
Please let us know if you are unable to attend.
如果不能出席请通知我们。
intend v. 打算；想要
He intends studying/to study abroad next year.
他打算明年去国外留学。
pretend v. 假装；装作
When his mother came in, he pretended to be doing his homework.
妈妈进来时，他假装在做作业。

though/through/thorough
though conj. 虽然
Though she gave no sign, I was sure she had seen me.
尽管她没有示意，我还是确信她看见了我。
through prep. 穿过
The doctor pushed his way through the crowd.
医生挤过人群。
thorough adj. 完全的；彻底的
The windows will have to be given a thorough cleaning.
窗户必须得做彻底的清洁。

wander/wonder
wander v. 闲逛；漫步
She wandered aimlessly around the streets.
她在大街上漫无目的地到处游荡。
wonder v. 对感到惊讶；想知道
Sometimes I wonder about his behavior.
有时我对他的行为感到惊讶。
I wonder where she lives these days.
我想知道她现在住在哪里。

weather/whether
weather n. 天气
The weather is very changeable at the moment.
此时天气变化无常。
whether conj. 是否
It remains to be seen whether or not this idea can be put into practice.
这一想法能否付诸实践还有待观察。

contract/contrast
contract n. 合同；契约
Under the terms of the contract the job should have been finished yesterday.
根据合同的条款，这项工作木应该于咋天完成。
contrast n. 差异；对比；对照
By contrast, Mrs. Young was much more outspoken.
相比之下，杨夫人更加直言不讳。

desert/dessert
desert ① n. 沙漠 ② v. 抛弃；离弃
① Somalia is mostly desert.
索马里大部分地区都是荒漠。
② People have deserted the villages and moved to the cities.
人们离开村子，搬到城里去了。
dessert n. 甜食；甜点
a rich chocolate dessert
腻人的巧克力甜点

exist/exit
exist v. 存在
The world exists, whether you like it or not.
不管你喜欢与否，这个世界照样存在。
exit n. 出口
The emergency exit is at the back of the bus.
紧急出口在公共汽车的尾部。

explode/explore
explode v. 爆炸；爆裂
Bombs were exploding all around the city.
城里到处都响起炸弹的爆炸声。
explore v. 探索；考察
The city is best explored on foot.
最好是徒步探索这个城山。

expand/extend/extent
expand v. 扩大；增加
A child's vocabulary expands through reading.
孩子的词汇量通过阅读得到扩大。
extend v. 延长；延伸
This road extends to the river.
这条路延伸到河边。
extent n. 程度；限度
To a certain extent, it was my fault.
某种程度上，这是我的错。

expose/oppose
expose v. 使暴露；使显露
Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.
在阳光下暴露太久对皮肤有伤害。
oppose v. 反对；抵制
All the members present opposed the plan bitterly.
所有与会的成员都坚决反对这个计划。

express/impress/pressure
express v. 表达； 表示
On behalf of our school, I would like to express our warm welcome to you.
我代表我校，向您表示热烈的欢迎。
impress v. 给留下极深的印象
Li Kang is very impressed with the teachers and the technology in his new school.
新学校的老师和教学设施给李康留下了很深的印象。
pressure n. 压力
I know studying is very important, but my parents put too much pressure on me.
我知道学习很重要，但父母给我施加了太多的压力。

ensure/insure/unsure
ensure v. 保证；确保
The book ensured his success.
这本书使他笃定会成功。
insure v. 投保；给保险
The painting is insured for $ 1 million.
这幅油画投了 100万美元的保险。
unsure adj. 不确定的；无把握的
I was unsure how to reply to this question.
我拿不准该如何回答这个问题。

fight/flight/frighten
fight v. 打斗；战斗
Some parents believe a boy must learn to stand up and fight like a man.
一些家长认为一个男孩必须学会像男子汉一样奋起战斗。
flight n. 飞行；航班
The flight will take four hours.
此次飞行将需要4个小肘。
frighten v. 使惊吓；使惊恐
She was frightened by his threats.
他的威胁让她感到害怕。

familiar/similar
familiar adj. 熟悉的
They are already familiar faces on our TV screens.
他们已经是我们电视屏幕上熟悉的面孔了。
similar adj. 相似的
We have very similar interests.
我们兴趣相仿。

flame/blame
flame n. 火焰
The building was in flames.
大楼失火了。
blame v. 把归咎于；责怪
A dropped cigarette is being blamed for the fire.
一根乱扔的烟被认为是这场火灾的肇因。

fluent/frequently
fluent adj. 流利的；流畅的
He can speak fluent Japanese.
他可以说流利的日语。
frequently adv. 频繁地；经常
Buses run frequently between the city and the airport.
公共汽车频繁地来往于市区与机场之间。

gradual/graduate
gradual adj. 逐渐的
Recovery from the disease is very gradual.
这种疾病的康复过程非常缓慢。
graduate v. 获得学位；毕业
Connie did well at school and graduated with honors.
康妮在学校表现很好，以优等成绩毕业。

form/from
form n. 形式；表格
The novel is written in the form of a series of letters.
这部小说以一系列书信的形式写成。
from prep. 起； 来自
I got the idea from Colin.
这个主意是科林帮我出的。
income/outcome
income n. 收入；收益
Tourism is a major source of income for the area.
旅游业是这个地区的主要收入来源。
outcome n. 结果；效果
We are confident of a successful outcome.
我们相信会冇圆满的结果。

inform/informal
inform v. 通知；通告
Please inform us of any changes of address.
地址若有变动请通知我们。
informal adj. 非正式的
an informal arrangement/meeting/visit
非正式的安排/会议/访问

later/latter
later adv. 以后；后来
I met her again three years later.
三年后我又遇见她了。
latter n. 后者
He presented two solutions. The latter seems much better.
他提出了两个解决方案，后一个看起来要好得多。

loyal/royal
loyal adj. 忠诚的；忠实的:
a loyal friend/supporter
忠实的朋友/支持者
royal adj. 皇家的；王室的
the royal family
王室

march/match
march v. 齐步走；行进
They marched 20 miles to reach the capital.
他们行进了20英里才到达首都。
match v. （和）相配
The carpet matches the curtains.
地毯和窗帘很匹配。

metal/medal/mental
metal n. 金属
It's made of metal.
它是用金属制成的。
medal n. 奖牌；奖章
She won a gold medal at the Olympics.
她在奥运会上赢得一枚金牌。
mental adj. 精神的；心理的
It's important to maintain good mental health.
保持心理健康很重要。

object/project/reject
object ① n. 物体；② v. 反对
① Look! There,s a strange object in the sky!
看！天上有个奇怪的东西！
② Would anyone object if we started the meeting now
如果我们现在开始开会，有人反对吗？
project n. 项目；工程；计划
The project aims to provide an analysis of children's emotions.
该计划旨在对儿童情绪提供分析。
reject v. 拒绝
Sarah rejected her brother's offer of help.
萨拉拒绝她弟弟的帮助。

personal/personnel
personal adj. 个人的；私人的
The novel is written from personal experience.
这部小说是根据个人亲身经历写成的。
personnel n. 全体人员；人事部
She works in personnel.
她在人事部工作。高考英语--实词固定短语
01 后接不定式动词短语
1. afford to do sth担得起做事
2. agree to do sth. 同意做某事
3. arrange to do sth.安排做某事
4. beg to do sth.请求做某事
5. care to do sth.努力做某事
6. choose to do sth.选择做某事
7. decide to do sth. 决定做某事
8. demand to do sth.要求做某事
9. determine to do sth.决心做某事
10.expect to do sth.期待做某事
11.fear to do sth.害怕做某事
12.help to do sth.帮忙做某事
13.hope to do sth.希望做某事
14. learn to do sth.学习做某事
15. manage to do sth.设法做某事
16. offer to do sth.主动提出做某事
17.plan to do sth.计划做某事
18.prepare to do sth.准备做某事
19. pretend to do sth.假装做某事
20. promise to do sth. 答应做某事
21.refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事
22.want to do sth.想要做某事
23. wish to do sth.希望做某事
02接动名词作宾语的动词
1.admit doing sth.承认做某事
2.advise doing sth.建议做某事
3.allow doing sth.允许做某事
4.appreciate doing sth.感激做某事
5.avoid doing sth.避免做某事
6.consider doing sth.考虑做某事
7. delay doing sth.推迟做某事
8. deny doing sth. 否认做某事
9.dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事
10.enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
12. escape doing sth.逃脱做某事
03接双宾语的常用动词
1.award sb .sth.=award sth .to sb.授予某物给某人
2.hand sb.sth=hand sth. to sb.把某物递给某人
3.lend sb.sth.=lend sth. to sb.把某物借给某人
4.offer sb.sth=offer sth.to sb.提供某物给某人
5.pass sb.sth=pass sth.to sb.把某物递给某人
6.pay sb .sth.=pay sth.to sb.付给某人(某物的)钱
7 send sb.sth.=send sth.to sb.把某物寄给某人
8. show sb. sth.=show sth.to sb.把某物给某人看
9.take sb.sth.=take sth. to sb.把某物带给某人
10.tell sb.sth.=tell sth. to sb.告诉某人某事
11.write sb.sth.=write sth. to sb.给某人写………
12.buy sb.sth.=buy sth.for sb.为某人买某物
04宾补是V-ing的动词
1.observe sb. doing sth.观察某人正在做某事
2 discover sb. doing sth.现某人做事做呆事
3.feel sb. doing sth.感觉某人正在做某事
4. find sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事
5. get sb. doing sth.使某人做某事
6. have sb. doing sth.使某人(一直)做某事
7.hear sb. doing sth.听见某人正在做某事
8. keep sb. doing sth.使某人不停地做某事
9. leave sb. doing sth.使某人处于……状态
10. prevent sb. doing sth.阻止某人做某事
11..see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事
12.watch sb.doing sth.观察某人正在做某事
05接to do 做宾补的动词
1.advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事
2. allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
3.ask sb.to do sth.请/叫某人做某事
4. bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事
5.beg sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事
6. cause sb. to do sth.导致某人做某事
7.command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事
8.drive sb. to do sth.驱使某人做某事
9.elect sb. to do sth.选举某人做某事
10. encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
11.expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事
12. forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事
13.force sb. to do sth.强迫某人做某事
14. get sb. to do sth.使/要某人做某事
15. hate sb. to do sth.不愿意让某人做某事
16.help sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事(可省略to)
17.need sb. to do sth.需要某人做某事
18..oblige sb.to do sth.迫使某人做某事
19. order sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事
20. permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
21. persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事
22. prefer sb. to do sth.宁愿某人做某事
23.remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事
24.request sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事
25. teach sb.to do sth.教某人做某事
26.tell sb.to do sth,告诉某人做某事
27. trouble sb. to do sth.麻烦某人做某事
28. want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事
29. warn sb. to do sth.警告某人做某事
30. wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事
06接不带to的不定式作宾补的常用动词
1. feel sb. do sth.感觉某人做某事
2. have sb. do sth.使某人做某事
3. hear sb. do sth.听见某人做某事
4. let sb. do sth.让某人做某事
5. make sb. do sth.使某人做某事
6. notice sb. do sth.注意到某人做某事
7. observe sb.do sth.观察某人做某事
8.see sb. do sth.看见某人做某事
9. watch sb. do sth.观察某人做某事
07用于“动词+sb+of sth.”结构的常见动词
1. accuse sb.of sth.控告某人犯某罪,指责某人做某事
2. cheat sb. of sth.骗取某人某物
3. cure sb.of sth.治好某人的……病,改正某人的不良习惯
4. inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事
5.remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事
6.rid sb.of sth.使某人摆脱某物
7.rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物
8.warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事
08.动词+宾语+介词to+动名词
1.apply oneself to doing sth.致力于做某事
2. devote sth. to doing sth.把……奉献于做某事
3.devote oneself to doing sth.献身于做某事
4.give one's life to doing sth.献身于做某事
5.limit sth. to doing sth.把……限制在做某事的范围内
6.reduce sb.to doing sth.使某人沦落到做某事
7.take a dislike to doing sth.厌恶做某事
8.have an eye to doing sth.注意做某事
9.pay attention to doing sth.注意做某事
10.set one’s mind to doing sth.决心做某事
09.be+形容词+介词to+动名词
1.be equal to doing sth.等于做某事,能胜任做某事
2.be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
3.be opposed to doing sth.反对做某事
4.be reduced to doing sth.沦落到做某事
5.be devoted to doing sth.(把时间、钱、精力等)奉献于做某事
6.be limited to doing sth.把……限制在做某事的范围内
10.其他结构+介词to+动名词
1.get down to doing sth.开始做某事，认真处理某事
2.look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事高考英语--23届高考热门话题中国元素
一、精神经济文明建设
相关话题：
垃圾分类 Rubbish Classification 文明旅游 /文明城市build a national civilized city
一带一路The Belt and Road Initiative
【典型例题】
在中国的传统文化中，“勤俭持家”“尊老爱幼”“诚实守信”等家风对于构建和谐家庭，营造文明社会起到了至关重要的作用。
假设你经常浏览的某个英语论坛正在进行主题为“what kind of family tradition do we need most ”的讨论。请你用英语写一篇短文参与讨论，主要内容如下：
1、家风的重要性；2、选择你认为最重要的一条家风并说明理由(至少两个)。family tradition. 家风
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【范文】
Good family traditions are very important in our society, without which we can’t grow healthily both in mind and body.
When it comes to the most important family tradition, the first thought that comes to my mind is honesty. The reasons are as follows. First of all, honesty is necessary in communicating with others. It will lead to a lasting and enjoyable relationship. Besides, honesty makes our society run smoothly. Everything will go well only if everybody does his or her duty honestly. Without honesty, we would have to worry about so many things that we wouldn’t be able to achieve anything. Therefore, honesty is very important and should be passed down from generation to generation.
二、传统节日
【典型例题】
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Eric对中国的传统节日很感兴趣，他想更加深入地了解中国的传统节日。请你写邮件向他介绍一个中国的传统节日。
内容包括：
1.节日名称；
2.节日日期
3.庆祝方式。
Dear Eric,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【范文】
Dear Eric ,
I am very glad to know that you are interested in traditional festivals in China. I’d like to introduce to you a very important Chinese traditional festival—the Spring Festival.
The Spring Festival, which is also called Chinese New Year, falls on lunar January 1st. It is a festival to celebrate family reunion and to welcome the coming new year. On the festival, people prepare a feast and family members sit around dinner table enjoying abundant meal while chatting. Children will get lucky money from the elderly who wish the children safe and sound all year long.
This is a brief introduction to the Spring Festival. I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,Li Hua
三、传统文化
相关话题：
龙舟训练、制作风筝、茶文化、中药、舞龙舞狮、太极训练、书法大赛、十二生肖 Chinese zodiac
【典型例题】
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Aiden发现红色是中国人最喜爱的颜色，他想了解相关情况。请你用英语给他写一封信。内容包括：
1.红色在中国文化中的含义；
2.举例说明；
3.赠送中国红系列图书一本。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【范文】
Dear Aiden,I'm very glad that you are interested in knowing about the reasons for Chinese enjoying red. Now I am writing to tell you something about that.
Red is the favorite color of the Chinese nation, and has even become the cultural totem and spirit, representing joy, excitement and peace. Red is found everywhere during Chinese holidays and family gatherings. Especially in Chinese wedding ceremonies, the bride usually wears red clothes from head to toe to wish to get happiness all her life. Besides, the history of Chinese people since modern times is a history of red, which reminds us of remembering the struggle of our heroes. I am much honored to give you such a book named Red Sun with the hope of you learning more.
Best wishes!
Yours,Li Hua
四、发明创造
相关话题：
1.四大发明：The Four Great Inventions Papermaking Gunpowder Printing Compass
2.二十四节气 24 solar terms
【典型例题】
假定你是李华，你校外教Mike听闻了中国独特的二十四节气，感到很好奇，发电子邮件向你询问相关信息。 请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 二十四节气是世界非物质文化遗产之一，被誉为“中国第五大发明”；
2. 起源于先秦，中国古代农民用其指导农事；
3. 体现了中国人尊重自然、顺应自然的理念。
提示词：二十四节气24 solar terms非物质文化遗产intangible cultural heritage
Dear Mike,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【范文】
Dear Mike,
Having received your e-mail enquiring 24 solar terms, I am writing in reply to your questions.
24 solar terms are the intangible cultural heritage and honored as the fifth greatest invention of China. Originating from the early Qin Dynasty, it was created by farmers in ancient China to guide agricultural affairs and fanning activities. It shows we respect nature and follow its laws. All in all, 24 solar terms play important roles and have greatly met people's basic needs in life, and they still have an important function nowadays.
Hope you have a better understanding of 24 solar terms now. Should you have any other question, don't hesitate to contact me.
Yours,Li Hua
五、中国人物
相关提示：花木兰、袁隆平、鲁迅、孔子Confucius孟子Mencius老子Lao Tzu、抗疫英雄等
【典型例题】
假设你是高二学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国儒家文化很感兴趣，并请你介绍有关历史人物孔子(Confucius)。请你给Jim回信，介绍孔子，内容包括：
1)基本情况；
2)主要主张：仁，义，序；
3)重要影响。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；文中不能透露真实姓名及学校；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 可适当增加细节使行文连贯。
Dear Jim, It’s great to hear from you. I feel proud knowing your interest in Confucian culture in the ancient Chinese history.________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【范文】
Dear Jim,
It’s great to hear from you. I feel proud knowing your interest in Confucian culture in the ancient Chinese history. As for Confucius, he is also my favorite figure in the ancient Chinese history. He was a Chinese thinker and social philosopher, who lived in the ancient China where states were often at war with each other. His teachings and philosophy have deeply influenced many Asian countries.
He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society. We Chinese are greatly influenced by his teachings. In fact, one of his sentences impressed me a lot. He said we should treat others the way we want to be treated. He inspires me to always be kind and polite, because that’s how I would like to be treated.
Interested in knowing more I can even find you some books! Just let me know.
Yours,
Li Hua
六、艺术文学
相关话题：中国成语、谚语俗语介绍、书籍推荐、学习工具推荐等
四大名著：
《三国演义》----The Romance of the Three Kindoms
《水浒传》----The Story by the Water Margin
《红楼梦》----Dream of the Red Chamber《西游记》----Journey to the West
【典型例题】
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom在学习中国文化时读到中国成语“囊萤映雪”，向你求助了解其寓意并了解有关知识，请给他回信，要点如下：
1. 该成语的寓意；
2. 中国成语的特点(简洁有意义，源自文学经典，历史故事，民间口语)
参考词汇：萤火虫 firefly 中国成语 Chinese idiom
Dear Tom,
It’s great to hear from you. I’m delighted to know you are interested in Chinese idioms.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【范文】
Dear Tom,
It’s great to hear from you. I’m delighted to know you are interested in Chinese idioms. Nang Ying Ying Xue tells a story — a scholar in ancient time studied so diligently by the light from the firefly in the summer night and the reflection of snow in winter. It indicates that in spite of the poor and tough situation, we should devote ourselves to working persistently for the goal.
In fact, Chinese idioms, brief but meaningful, are an important carrier of Chinese culture, which guide us through our life with its unique wisdom. Some idioms are concluded from classical literature while others like the one you feel puzzled about have their origins in historical stories. Besides, using idioms in communication will surely make expressions vivid and powerful.
I sincerely hope the above can be of some help and you can feel the charm of Chinese culture through learning idioms.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
七、 中国城市
相关推荐： 北京、南京、苏州等
八、中国建筑
相关推荐：
故宫the Imperial Palace/Forbidden City 、
夫子庙The Confucius Temple、
苏州园林The Classical Gardens of Suzhou、
黄鹤楼Yellow Crane Tower、
徽派建筑Huizhou architecture等
九、中国饮食
相关推荐：
1.节假日饮食：
粽子Zongzi - dumpling made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves、
饺子Chinese dumplings、
元宵tangyuan- sticky rice balls with different fillings.
包子baozi -steamed stuffed bun
2.传统美食：宫保鸡丁Gong Bao Chicken
3.传统小吃：糖葫芦Tang Hulu - sugar-coated haws on a stick
【典型例题】
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jonah对中国美食很感兴趣，来信询问你家乡的特色饮食.请根据以下要点给他回一封邮件.内容包括：
1.推荐一种美食；
2.简要介绍其特色；
3.邀请他来华品尝.
Dear Jonah,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【范文】
Dear Jonah,
Hearing you are interested in Chinese food, I'd like to recommend a well-known dish Gong Bao Chicken to you.
As one of the most popular dishes in my hometown, Gong Bao Chicken is made of chicken breast, roasted peanuts, small pieces of tofu, dried chilies and onions. Cooked with sugar, salt and vinegar, it has a combination of sweet and sour taste, which is loved by both the young and the old.
I would like to extend my sincere welcome to you to pay a visit to China, during which I will show you around. We'll try this delicious dish and other famous local cuisines. Looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
附：其他高频素材
1.故宫的简介
Lying at the center of Beijing， the Forbidden City， called Gu Gong， in Chinese， was the imperial palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Now known as the Palace Museum， it is to the north of Tiananmen Square. Rectangular in shape， it is the world‘s largest palace complex and covers 74 hectares. Surrounded by a six meter deep moat and a ten meter high wall are 9，999 buildings. The wall has a gate on each side. Opposite the Tiananmen Gate， to the north is the Gate of Devine Might (Shenwumen)， which faces Jingshan Park. The distance between these two gates is 960 meters， while the distance between the gates in the east and west walls is 750 meters. There are unique and delicately structured towers on each of the four corners of the curtain wall. These afford views over both the palace and the city outside. T
he Forbidden City is divided into two parts. The southern section， or the Outer Court was where the emperor exercised his supreme power over the nation. The northern section， or the Inner Court was where he lived with his royal family. Until 1924 when the last emperor of China was driven from the Inner Court， fourteen emperors of the Ming dynasty and ten emperors of the Qing dynasty had reigned here. Having been the imperial palace for some five centuries， it houses numerous rare treasures and curiosities. Listed by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 1987， the Palace Museum is now one of the most popular tourist attractions world wide.
　　 Since yellow is the symbol of the royal family， it is the dominant color in the Forbidden City. Roofs are built with yellow glazed tiles; decorations in the palace are painted yellow; even the bricks on the ground are made yellow by a special process. However， there is one exception. Wenyuange， the royal library， has a black roof. The reason is that it was believed black represented water then and could extinguish fire.
　　Nowadays， the Forbidden City， or the Palace Museum is open to tourists from home and abroad. Splendid painted decoration on these royal architectural wonders， the grand and deluxe halls， with their surprisingly magnificent treasures will certainly satisfy "modern civilians”.
糖葫芦的介绍
素材一
Well, in my country, one of the most famous snacks is tanghulu.
Each different part of China has different tanghulu. It is usually made of haws, which are put together on a stick and covered with ice sugar. But there are more materials for tanghulu today in some places, such as strawberries, grapes, and even little apples.
It is said that tanghulu ever saved the life of an emperor’s wife in the Song Dynasty. It was so delicious and healthy that many Chinese people like eating it. It is now seen as the bright symbols of happiness and reunion.
素材二
I'd like to talk about "bing tang hu lu", which is a kind of traditional Chinese snack and is basically crispy sugar-coated fruits on a stick.
　　If I remember right, it was invented in Song dynasty, about hundreds of years ago. Although so many years have passed, its popularity never fades.
　　It's my favorite snack during winter. The taste and texture is just out of this world. I still remember after the first bite, I felt as if I've found the love of my life. And it's safe to say, it suits everyone's taste. People from different age groups all love it. The best part is, it's pretty organic, I mean, it doesn't have any additives or preservatives. The sourness can always give you a good appetite, and the fresh fruits in it, according to dietitians, can make your skin smoother.
　　Oh, speaking of which, at first, haws are the only fruit used when people were making this kind of snack, they wrapped haws in steamed sugar, and in freezing cold winter, when they were taken outside, the sugar would automatically freeze and become crisp. So when you taste it, it's sweet on the outside and a little bit sour and juicy on the inside. Today, people are more creative and bold, anything you can think of could be made into bing tang hu lu, like grapes, oranges, strawberries, kiwifruits, you name it.
　　So... that's the traditional product I'd like to share with you.
四大名著之西游记
《西游记》----Journey to the West
Journey to the west is a historic Chinese novel that is considered one of the four classics from the Ming Dynasty. These novels along with the golden lotus water margins as well as the romances of the three kingdoms have won popular acclaim from generation to generation. Journey to the west is a combination of myth parable and comedy. It is a story about a Buddhist monk and bunch of animals with human characteristic. The animals actually in the story are a very fairy tale type of mood and they traveled west to India to find Buddhist scriptures. The animals themselves are celestial being in mortal forms and they have magical powers that protect them from the goblins and the evil spirits. Author Wu Cheng-en writings create an imaginary world that creates a life like with the absurd giving us a glance of the different sides of human nature.
中国结 The Chinese knot is actually an ancient art of weaving. Chinese people have used knots as decorations since the Han Dynasty. Now people are still fascinated by the complicated beauty of traditional red knots. “Knot” in Chinese has the meanings of reunion, friendship, warmth, marriage, etc, so the Chinese knot has come to be the symbol of reunion, luck, harmony and love. Today, it has become an important element of international fashion. To meet the needs of modern life, it has been developed into various products that are both decorative and practical.
中国结（the Chinese knot）是一种古老的编织（weave）艺术。中国人自汉朝（Han Dynasty）起就把中国结用作装饰品。现在，人们仍然对传统中国结复杂的美而着迷。“结”在中文的含义是团聚、友谊、温暖和结婚等等，所以中国结也成为团聚、幸运、和谐和爱的象征。今天，中国结已成为国际流行的重要元素之一。为了与现代生活的需要相适应，它被开发出各式各样既美观又实用的产品。
中国书法
Chinese calligraphy, the four ancient Chinese artistic forms are called qin, chess, penmanship, and painting; and penmanship particularly refers to Chinese calligraphy. (中国古代四大艺术“琴棋书画”的“书”特指书法)
Chinese calligraphy is a kind of art using a brush to write seal script, official script, regular script, running script, and cursive script, and other various writing styles of Chinese characters. （它是用毛笔书写篆、隶、楷、行、草等各体汉字的艺术）
The writing techniques of Chinese calligraphy are highlighted by the manner of using a brush, the way ink is used, the art of composition, and so on. （中国书法在技法上讲究笔法、墨法、章法等）
Its harmonious beauty of art is reflected in between the lines. （它艺术的和谐之美体现在字里行间）
Indeed, Chinese calligraphy reflects the personality of Chinese people’s straightforwardness, dignity, and reticence('ret sns).(中国书法体现了中华民族的豪爽大气、端庄含蓄的特点)
Chinese characters are usually round outside and square inside, which is rooted in ancient Chinese beliefs of an orbicularsky and a rectangular Earth. (汉字结构“内圆外方”，源于古人“天圆地方”的观念) 高考英语--短语及固定搭配汇总
A
a couple （of） 一对，一对夫妇
a little 一点；少量；稍微
a good time to do sth 做某事的好时间
a pair of black socks 一双黑袜子
a picture of my family 一张我的全家福
a quarter past three 三点一刻
a set of keys 一串钥匙
a symbol of good luck 好运的象征
according to 依据
across from 在......对面
advise sb. to do sth 建议某人做某事
after all 毕竟
all in all 总的来说
all kinds of 各种各样的
all the time 频繁；反复
all year round 全年
another three hours 另外三个小时
around the world 世界各地
arrive in/at 到达
art festival 艺术节
as far as I know 据我所知
as for 至于
as long as 只要；既然
as soon as 一......就
ask for 请求
at birth 出生时
at least 至少
at the beginning of 在……开始
at the same time 同时
avoid doing 避免做某事
B
be able to do 能够做某事
be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
be born with 天生；具有
be covered with 被……覆盖
be different from 不同于
be due to do... 预定要做某事
be friends with 成为某人的朋友
be good at 擅长于
be good for 利于
be good to sb. 对某人好
be good with 善于应付……的
be harmful to 对……有害
be in (great) danger 处于（极大)危险中
be in control of 掌管
be in danger 处于危险之中
be interested in 对.....感兴趣
be invented by 由……发明
be known/famous for 以……出名
be responsible for 对……有责任；负责任
be late for work 上班迟到
be made from 由……制成（看不出原材料）
be made of 由......制成
be made of 由……制成（看得出原材料）
be of medium height 中等身高
be patient with 对……有耐心
be proud of 为……骄傲；感到自豪
be ready for 准备好；愿意（做某事）
be serious about 对…严肃 认真
be similar to 与……相像的
be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
be sure about 确信；对……有把握
be thirsty for 渴望
be used for doing sth./
be used to do sth. 被用于做……
be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于......；适应于.....
because of 因为
believe in 信任
belong to 属于
between … and 在……和……之间
blow out 吹灭
bring back 使想起
bring good luck to 给.....带来好运
bring out 使显现
by accident 意外的
by mistake 错误的
by the end of 在（某时间点）以前，为止
by the time 在……以前
C
call in 召来；叫来
call up 打电话给（某人）；征召
call(sb.)back （给某人）回话
care about 关心；在意
care for 照顾；喜欢
check out 察看
cheer up 振作起来
Children’s Day 儿童节
clean up 打扫干净
clean…off 把……擦掉
clear out 清理
close to 几乎；接近
come out （书）出版
come on 加油
come over 过来；顺便拜访
come true 实现
come up with 想出；提出
compare with 与......比较
connect … with 连接
consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
costume party 化装舞会
cut down 砍倒
cut off 切除
cut out 删除；删去
cut up 切碎
D
deal with 处理
decide to do 决定做
depend on 依靠
die down 逐渐消失，逐渐变弱
dinning hall 餐厅
divide… into… 把……分开
do a good job 干得好
do one's homework 做作业
do the dishes 清洗餐具
dress up 装扮；乔装打扮
dress up as 打扮成
drink tea 喝茶
drop by 顺便访问；随便进入
E
each other 互相
eat out 出去吃饭
eating habits 饮食习惯
either … or 或者……或者……
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
end up 最终成为；最后处于
enjoy reading 喜欢阅读
enough money 足够的钱
even though 即使,虽然
ever since 自从
every day 每天
Excuse me 劳驾；请原谅
F
fall asleep 进入梦乡，睡着
fall down 突然倒下；跌倒
fall in love with 爱上，喜欢上
fall over 绊倒
fear to do sth. 惧怕做某事
feed chickens 喂鸡
feel free to do sth 随便做某事
feel like 感觉像
fill…with… 用……装满……
find out 查明；弄清
first of all 首先
fix up 修理；装饰
fly a kite 放风筝
for example/such as 列如
follow the rules 遵守规则
for sure 肯定的
from time to time 时常；有时
from…to… 从……到……
full of 满是....的
G
get lost 迷路
get married 结婚
get a surprise 吃惊
get an education 接受教育
get dressed 穿上衣服
get in the way of 妨碍
get into 陷入；参与
get lost 迷路
get mad 气愤
get off 下车
get on with 和睦相处
get out of 离开
get popular 受欢迎
get up 起床
get used to (doing) 习惯于
get to 到达
get back 返回
get ready for 为……作好准备
get on 上车
give … a lift 捎……一程
give away 赠送；捐赠
give out/hand out 分发
give up 放弃
go off （闹钟）发出响声
go back to/return to 返回到
go out 外出（娱乐）
go out of one's way 特地；格外努力
go to the movies 看电影
grow up 长大；成熟
H
hang out 闲逛
happy birthday 生日快乐
hardly ever 几乎从不
have a cold 感冒
have a good day 玩得开心
have a school trip 郊游
have a yard sale 进行庭院售卖
have problems/a problem with 在......方面有问题
have to do with 关于；与……有光
have...seriously 有相同特征
hear from 接到(某人的）信、电话等
help ...out (帮助......)分担工作、解决难题
help sb. out 帮助某人摆脱困境
help sb.with sth. 在某方面帮助某人
hundreds of 许多；大量
hurry up 赶快,急忙
I
ID card 身份证
in a row 连续几次地
in English 用英语
in fact 事实上
in front of 在......前面
in line with 与……成为一排
in need 需要
in one's free time 在某人空余的时间
in one's opinion 依......看
in order to 为了；目的是
in person 亲自
in public 公开的
in that case 既然那样
in the countryside 在乡下
in the end 最后
in the face of 面对
in the shape of 以……的形象
in total 总共
instead of 代替，返而
J
join in 参加，加入
jump over 跳过
K
keep ... to oneself 保守秘密
keep one's cool 保持冷静
keep…away from 避免接近
kick off 开除某人
kind of 有点；稍微
L
last name 姓
lay out 摆开
leave out 忽略；不提及
less then 少于
let … down 使……失望
listen to 听
living room 客厅
look back at 回首往事
look for 寻找；寻求
look forward to(doing) sth 期待（做）某事
look through 快速查看；浏览
look up 查阅；抬头看
look up to… 仰慕
lots of 大量
M
make a difference 影响；有作用
make a lot of money 赚很多钱
make a wish 许愿
make a mess 弄得一团糟（一塌糊涂）
make an effort 做出努力
make friends 结交朋友
make it 及时到达；成功
make mistakes/a mistake 犯错误
make one's own decision 自己做决定
make one's way 费力地前进
make progress 取得进步
make soup 做汤
make sure 确保；查明
make up 编造（故事，谎言等）
make(one's）bed 铺床
make…feel at hone 使（使人）感到宾至如归
me neither 我也没有/不
milk a caw 给奶牛挤奶
more than 多于
N
National Day 国庆日
neither … nor 既不……也不……
no longer 不再
not only…but also 不仅…而且
O
of course 当然
on the one hand, on the other hand 一方面，另一方面
on the weekend/on weekends 在周末
on time 准时
on (a) vacation 度假
once in a while 偶尔地；间或
one another 互相
one large bowl of 一大碗
or so 大约
over and over again 多次；反复的
P
pardon me 请再说一遍
parking lot 停车场
part with 放弃
pass by 路过；经过
pay attention to 注意
pay for 付费；付出代价
pay phone 付费电话
pick up 接(电话）
play a part 参与；发挥作用
play a role 发挥作用
play a trick on 捉弄某人
play basketball 打篮球
play chess 下国际象棋
play the drum 敲鼓
play the piano 弹钢琴
play the violin 拉小提琴
plenty of 大量
police station 警察局
post office 邮局
prefer…to 比起……更喜欢
prepare for 为......做准备
prevent..from 阻止…做
pull …down 摧毁
pull together 齐心协力
put off 推迟
put on 增加（体重）；上演；穿上
put sth. to good use 好好利用某物
put up 搭起；举起；张贴
Q
quite a few 相当多
quite a lot of 许多
R
rather than 而不是
radio station 广播电台
read a newspaper 看报纸
regard as 把……看作
remember/regret to do sth. 记得、忘记做某事
ride a bike /by bike 骑自行车
ride a horse 骑马
right away 立刻；马上
right now 立刻；马上
rise into… 上升……
run after 追逐
run away 跑开；逃离；逃避
run out (of) 用尽；耗尽
S
search for jobs 搜索工作
sell out 卖光
send out 发送
separate from 分离；隔开
set out 出发；启程
set up 建起；设立
shout at... 冲.....大声叫囔
shout to... 对.....大声喊
show up 赶到
shut off 关闭
so far 到目前为止
South Africa 南非
speak English 说英语
stay up late 熬夜
stick to 坚持；固守
stop… from… 阻止……
T
take a walk 散步
take down 记录，拆除
take a break/take breaks 休息
take a message 捎个口信
take a risk/take risks 冒险
take a shower 洗淋浴
take action 采取行动
take after （外貌或行为）像
take care of 照顾；处理
take in 吸入
take notes 做笔记
take off 脱下；起飞
take one's order 点菜
take one's temperature 量体温
take one's place 代替；替换
take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
take part in 参加
take place 发生
take pride in 为……感到骄傲
take the subway 乘地铁
take up 学着做；开始做
take…seriously 认真对待
talk back 顶嘴
talk on the phone 电话交谈
talk to 跟……说
the more … the more 越……越
the next day 第二天
the same as 和……相同
the secret to ……的秘诀
the Und States of America 美利坚合众国
the United Kingdom 英国（全称）
think about 考虑
think of 认为
thousands of 数以千计的
throw away 扔掉
to be honest 说实在的
to one's surprise 使...惊讶的；出乎...意料
to start with 起初；开始时
travel around/all over the world 周游世界
try out 参加......选拔；试用
turn down 拒绝
turn off 关掉
turn on 接通；打开
turn right 向右拐
turn...into 把....变成
U
under the chair 在椅子下面
up and down 上上下下
used to 曾经......；过去......
V
view......as 把......看待成，认为......是
W
wake...up 把.....弄醒
walk into 走路时撞着
wash away 冲走
watch TV 看电视
without doubt 毫无疑问
word by word 逐个单词
work out 解决
would rather … than 宁愿……而不是
write down 写下；记录下 高考英语--短语及固定搭配汇总
A
a couple （of） 一对，一对夫妇
a little 一点；少量；稍微
a good time to do sth 做某事的好时间
a pair of black socks 一双黑袜子
a picture of my family 一张我的全家福
a quarter past three 三点一刻
a set of keys 一串钥匙
a symbol of good luck 好运的象征
according to 依据
across from 在......对面
advise sb. to do sth 建议某人做某事
after all 毕竟
all in all 总的来说
all kinds of 各种各样的
all the time 频繁；反复
all year round 全年
another three hours 另外三个小时
around the world 世界各地
arrive in/at 到达
art festival 艺术节
as far as I know 据我所知
as for 至于
as long as 只要；既然
as soon as 一......就
ask for 请求
at birth 出生时
at least 至少
at the beginning of 在……开始
at the same time 同时
avoid doing 避免做某事
B
be able to do 能够做某事
be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
be born with 天生；具有
be covered with 被……覆盖
be different from 不同于
be due to do... 预定要做某事
be friends with 成为某人的朋友
be good at 擅长于
be good for 利于
be good to sb. 对某人好
be good with 善于应付……的
be harmful to 对……有害
be in (great) danger 处于（极大)危险中
be in control of 掌管
be in danger 处于危险之中
be interested in 对.....感兴趣
be invented by 由……发明
be known/famous for 以……出名
be responsible for 对……有责任；负责任
be late for work 上班迟到
be made from 由……制成（看不出原材料）
be made of 由......制成
be made of 由……制成（看得出原材料）
be of medium height 中等身高
be patient with 对……有耐心
be proud of 为……骄傲；感到自豪
be ready for 准备好；愿意（做某事）
be serious about 对…严肃 认真
be similar to 与……相像的
be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
be sure about 确信；对……有把握
be thirsty for 渴望
be used for doing sth./
be used to do sth. 被用于做……
be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于......；适应于.....
because of 因为
believe in 信任
belong to 属于
between … and 在……和……之间
blow out 吹灭
bring back 使想起
bring good luck to 给.....带来好运
bring out 使显现
by accident 意外的
by mistake 错误的
by the end of 在（某时间点）以前，为止
by the time 在……以前
C
call in 召来；叫来
call up 打电话给（某人）；征召
call(sb.)back （给某人）回话
care about 关心；在意
care for 照顾；喜欢
check out 察看
cheer up 振作起来
Children’s Day 儿童节
clean up 打扫干净
clean…off 把……擦掉
clear out 清理
close to 几乎；接近
come out （书）出版
come on 加油
come over 过来；顺便拜访
come true 实现
come up with 想出；提出
compare with 与......比较
connect … with 连接
consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
costume party 化装舞会
cut down 砍倒
cut off 切除
cut out 删除；删去
cut up 切碎
D
deal with 处理
decide to do 决定做
depend on 依靠
die down 逐渐消失，逐渐变弱
dinning hall 餐厅
divide… into… 把……分开
do a good job 干得好
do one's homework 做作业
do the dishes 清洗餐具
dress up 装扮；乔装打扮
dress up as 打扮成
drink tea 喝茶
drop by 顺便访问；随便进入
E
each other 互相
eat out 出去吃饭
eating habits 饮食习惯
either … or 或者……或者……
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
end up 最终成为；最后处于
enjoy reading 喜欢阅读
enough money 足够的钱
even though 即使,虽然
ever since 自从
every day 每天
Excuse me 劳驾；请原谅
F
fall asleep 进入梦乡，睡着
fall down 突然倒下；跌倒
fall in love with 爱上，喜欢上
fall over 绊倒
fear to do sth. 惧怕做某事
feed chickens 喂鸡
feel free to do sth 随便做某事
feel like 感觉像
fill…with… 用……装满……
find out 查明；弄清
first of all 首先
fix up 修理；装饰
fly a kite 放风筝
for example/such as 列如
follow the rules 遵守规则
for sure 肯定的
from time to time 时常；有时
from…to… 从……到……
full of 满是....的
G
get lost 迷路
get married 结婚
get a surprise 吃惊
get an education 接受教育
get dressed 穿上衣服
get in the way of 妨碍
get into 陷入；参与
get lost 迷路
get mad 气愤
get off 下车
get on with 和睦相处
get out of 离开
get popular 受欢迎
get up 起床
get used to (doing) 习惯于
get to 到达
get back 返回
get ready for 为……作好准备
get on 上车
give … a lift 捎……一程
give away 赠送；捐赠
give out/hand out 分发
give up 放弃
go off （闹钟）发出响声
go back to/return to 返回到
go out 外出（娱乐）
go out of one's way 特地；格外努力
go to the movies 看电影
grow up 长大；成熟
H
hang out 闲逛
happy birthday 生日快乐
hardly ever 几乎从不
have a cold 感冒
have a good day 玩得开心
have a school trip 郊游
have a yard sale 进行庭院售卖
have problems/a problem with 在......方面有问题
have to do with 关于；与……有光
have...seriously 有相同特征
hear from 接到(某人的）信、电话等
help ...out (帮助......)分担工作、解决难题
help sb. out 帮助某人摆脱困境
help sb.with sth. 在某方面帮助某人
hundreds of 许多；大量
hurry up 赶快,急忙
I
ID card 身份证
in a row 连续几次地
in English 用英语
in fact 事实上
in front of 在......前面
in line with 与……成为一排
in need 需要
in one's free time 在某人空余的时间
in one's opinion 依......看
in order to 为了；目的是
in person 亲自
in public 公开的
in that case 既然那样
in the countryside 在乡下
in the end 最后
in the face of 面对
in the shape of 以……的形象
in total 总共
instead of 代替，返而
J
join in 参加，加入
jump over 跳过
K
keep ... to oneself 保守秘密
keep one's cool 保持冷静
keep…away from 避免接近
kick off 开除某人
kind of 有点；稍微
L
last name 姓
lay out 摆开
leave out 忽略；不提及
less then 少于
let … down 使……失望
listen to 听
living room 客厅
look back at 回首往事
look for 寻找；寻求
look forward to(doing) sth 期待（做）某事
look through 快速查看；浏览
look up 查阅；抬头看
look up to… 仰慕
lots of 大量
M
make a difference 影响；有作用
make a lot of money 赚很多钱
make a wish 许愿
make a mess 弄得一团糟（一塌糊涂）
make an effort 做出努力
make friends 结交朋友
make it 及时到达；成功
make mistakes/a mistake 犯错误
make one's own decision 自己做决定
make one's way 费力地前进
make progress 取得进步
make soup 做汤
make sure 确保；查明
make up 编造（故事，谎言等）
make(one's）bed 铺床
make…feel at hone 使（使人）感到宾至如归
me neither 我也没有/不
milk a caw 给奶牛挤奶
more than 多于
N
National Day 国庆日
neither … nor 既不……也不……
no longer 不再
not only…but also 不仅…而且
O
of course 当然
on the one hand, on the other hand 一方面，另一方面
on the weekend/on weekends 在周末
on time 准时
on (a) vacation 度假
once in a while 偶尔地；间或
one another 互相
one large bowl of 一大碗
or so 大约
over and over again 多次；反复的
P
pardon me 请再说一遍
parking lot 停车场
part with 放弃
pass by 路过；经过
pay attention to 注意
pay for 付费；付出代价
pay phone 付费电话
pick up 接(电话）
play a part 参与；发挥作用
play a role 发挥作用
play a trick on 捉弄某人
play basketball 打篮球
play chess 下国际象棋
play the drum 敲鼓
play the piano 弹钢琴
play the violin 拉小提琴
plenty of 大量
police station 警察局
post office 邮局
prefer…to 比起……更喜欢
prepare for 为......做准备
prevent..from 阻止…做
pull …down 摧毁
pull together 齐心协力
put off 推迟
put on 增加（体重）；上演；穿上
put sth. to good use 好好利用某物
put up 搭起；举起；张贴
Q
quite a few 相当多
quite a lot of 许多
R
rather than 而不是
radio station 广播电台
read a newspaper 看报纸
regard as 把……看作
remember/regret to do sth. 记得、忘记做某事
ride a bike /by bike 骑自行车
ride a horse 骑马
right away 立刻；马上
right now 立刻；马上
rise into… 上升……
run after 追逐
run away 跑开；逃离；逃避
run out (of) 用尽；耗尽
S
search for jobs 搜索工作
sell out 卖光
send out 发送
separate from 分离；隔开
set out 出发；启程
set up 建起；设立
shout at... 冲.....大声叫囔
shout to... 对.....大声喊
show up 赶到
shut off 关闭
so far 到目前为止
South Africa 南非
speak English 说英语
stay up late 熬夜
stick to 坚持；固守
stop… from… 阻止……
T
take a walk 散步
take down 记录，拆除
take a break/take breaks 休息
take a message 捎个口信
take a risk/take risks 冒险
take a shower 洗淋浴
take action 采取行动
take after （外貌或行为）像
take care of 照顾；处理
take in 吸入
take notes 做笔记
take off 脱下；起飞
take one's order 点菜
take one's temperature 量体温
take one's place 代替；替换
take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
take part in 参加
take place 发生
take pride in 为……感到骄傲
take the subway 乘地铁
take up 学着做；开始做
take…seriously 认真对待
talk back 顶嘴
talk on the phone 电话交谈
talk to 跟……说
the more … the more 越……越
the next day 第二天
the same as 和……相同
the secret to ……的秘诀
the Und States of America 美利坚合众国
the United Kingdom 英国（全称）
think about 考虑
think of 认为
thousands of 数以千计的
throw away 扔掉
to be honest 说实在的
to one's surprise 使...惊讶的；出乎...意料
to start with 起初；开始时
travel around/all over the world 周游世界
try out 参加......选拔；试用
turn down 拒绝
turn off 关掉
turn on 接通；打开
turn right 向右拐
turn...into 把....变成
U
under the chair 在椅子下面
up and down 上上下下
used to 曾经......；过去......
V
view......as 把......看待成，认为......是
W
wake...up 把.....弄醒
walk into 走路时撞着
wash away 冲走
watch TV 看电视
without doubt 毫无疑问
word by word 逐个单词
work out 解决
would rather … than 宁愿……而不是
write down 写下；记录下高考英语--词性转换
1.educate v.教育→ educated adj.受过……教育的→ educational adj.与教育有关的→ education n.教育
2.develop v.开发；发展→ development n.开发→ developed adj. 发达的→ developing adj. 发展中的
3.finance n.财政，金融 → financial adj.财政的
4.undoubted adj.无疑的 → undoubtedly adv. 无疑地
5.astonish.使十分惊讶→ astonished adj感到惊讶的→astonishing adj 令人惊讶的→astonishment n. 惊讶
6.manry v.结婚，嫁，娶 → marriage n.结婚；婚姻
7.wealth n.财富 → wealthy adj.富裕的
8.accurate adj.准确的 →accuracy n.准确性
9.education n.教育→ educational adj.有关教育的
10.require v.要求 → requirement n.必要条件
11.extreme adj.极度的→ extremely adv.极其
12.interesting adj.有趣的 → interest n.兴趣；吸引力
13.celebrate v.庆祝→ celebration n.庆典
14.certain adj.确定→ certainly adv.无疑；→certainty n.确定
15.beauty n.美 → beautiful adj.美丽的
16.curious adj.好奇的→ curiosity n.好奇心
17.gentle adj.轻轻的 → gently adv.轻轻地
18.poor adj.贫穷的 → poorly adv.糟糕地→poverty n.贫穷
19.believe v.相信→ belief n.信念；信心
20.final adj.最后的 → finally adv.最后
21.tradition n.传统 → traditional adj.传统的
22.huge adj.巨大的 → hugely adv.极度；非常
23.easy adj.容易的→ easily adv.容易地
24,connect v.连接 → connection/connections n.连接
25.tradition n.传统→ traditional adj.传统的
26.strong adj.强壮的 → strengthen v.加强→ strength n.优点
27.energy n.能量；精力 →energetic adj.精力充沛的
28.actual adj.实际的,真实的→ actually adv.实际上
29.pollute vt.污染 → pollution n.污染
30.globe n.地球仪；地球→ global adj.全球的，全世
31.challenge vt.向……挑战→ challenged adj.伤残的,
32.science n.科学→ scientist n.科学家
33.afford v.买得起；（有时间）做，能做→affordable adj.
34.weigh v.有……重；重→ weight n.重量；分量
35.recent adj.近来的；新近的→recently adv.最近；近来
36.care n.小心，谨慎→ careful adj.谨慎的
37.fair adj.合理的；恰当的→ fairly adv.公平地；相当地
38.introduce v.把……介绍（给）;引进→introduction n
39.success n.成功；胜利→successful adj.获得成功的；
40.educate v.(在学校)教育→education n.教育；培养
41.shine y.发光；反光→shiny adj.光亮的
42.effect n.效应，影响，结果→ effective adj.有效的
43.real adj.真的，真正的→ really adv.真正地
44.perfom v表演：演出→ performance n.表演；演出
45.achieve v.实现；→ achievement n.成就；成绩
46.atract x吸引，引起……的兴趣→ attraction n.喜爱，
47.acquaint vt.使熟悉；使了解→ acquaintance n.相
48.offcial adj.公务的；公职的一→ officially adv. 官方地；
49.act v.做事；行动→action n.行动；行为过程→active adj.→activity n.活动；
50.achieve V..实现；取得，达到→ achievement n.成就：
51.actual adj.真实的；实际的→ actually adv.真实
52.adapt v.(使）适应；改编→adaptation n.适应（性）；
53.gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→ gradually adv.逐渐地：
54.adjust vi.&vt.调整；（使）适合→ adjustable adj. adjustment n.调整；
55.develop v(使）成长，发展→development n.发展：
56.admire v.钦佩→admirable adj.可钦佩的；→admiration n.钦佩；赞赏
57.admit vt.允许进入；承认→ admission n.允许进入
58.surprise v.使惊奇，使诧异→surprising adj.令人
59.advance vt.&vi.前进；促进；提前n.前进；进步→advanced adj.高级的；先进的
60.advantage n.有利因素；优势→ advantageous adj.
61.care n.小心；照料→ careful adj.细心的/caring adj.
62.adventure n.奇遇；冒险→ adventurer n.冒险家→adventurous adj.大胆的；有冒险精神的
63.regular adj.规则的；有规律的→regularly adv.定期
64.advertise v.做广告→advertisement n.广告；启事
65.advise v.劝告；建议→ adviser n.顾问，提供意
66.affect v.影响；使改变→ effect n.影响；效果
67.able adj能够：有能力的→ ability n.能力，才能
68.age n.年龄→aged adj.年老的，年迈的
69.agree v.同意；赞成→ agreement n.协定；(意见
02将要考的
A
agriculture n.农业；农学 → agricultural adj.农业
abandon v放弃；遗弃；抛弃→abandoned adj.被
aim n.目标；目的vi.&vt.瞄准；力求→aimless adj.无目标的；无目的的
amaze vt.使吃惊→amazing adj.令人吃惊的→amazed adj.吃惊的→amazement n.惊讶；惊愕
absent adj.缺席的；不在的→absence n.缺席，
ambition n.雄心；野心→ ambitious adj.有雄心的：
abundant adj.丰富的；充裕的→ abundantly adv
amuse vu.使发笑；使愉快→amusing adj.好笑的→amused adj.愉快的→ amusement n.愉快地
anger n.愤怒→ angry adj.发怒的；生气的一angrily adv.生气地
announce v.宣布→announcement n.通告；公告；
annual adj.每年的；按年度计算的n.年刊；年鉴→annually adv.一年一次地
anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的→anxiously adv.不
apology n.道歉；谢罪→apologize v.道歉；谢罪
appear v.出现；显得；似乎→appearance n.外观；
appoint vt.任命；委派→appointment n.任命；
appreciate v.感激；欣赏→appreciation n.感激；
approve v.赞成；批准→approval n.赞成；批准
apply v.申请；应用→applicant n.申请人→application申请
argue vt.& vi.讨论；辩论；争论→argument n.争论
arrange v.安排；筹划→ arrangement n.安排；
arrive v.到来；到达→arrival n.到来；到达；
ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n.羞愧；羞耻→shameful adj.可耻的
assist v.帮助；协助；援助→assistance n.帮助；协助→assistant n.助手；助理；售货员
associate v.联想；联系n.同伴；伙伴→ association联系
assume v.假定；设想；承担→assumption n.设想；假定；承担→assuming conj.假设
astonish vt.使惊诧→astonishing adj.令人感到惊讶的→astonishment n.惊诧；震惊→astonished
attract vt.吸引；引起→attraction n.吸引力；喜爱→attractive adj.迷人的；有吸引力的
B
balance v.平衡；权衡n.天平；平衡→balanced adj.
bath n.洗澡;沐浴→bathe v洗澡;给(某人)洗澡
bear忍受;忍耐→bearable adj.可忍受的→ unbearable adj.难以忍受的;无法容忍的
beauty n.美丽→beautiful adj.美丽的
behave vt.&vi.举动;(举止或行为)表现→ behavio(u)r n.行为;举止;习性
believe v相信;认为→believable adj.可信的 unbelievableadj 难以置信的→belief n.信念;信心
belong vi.应在(某处);适应→belongings n.财产;所有物.benefit n.利益;好处v使受益→beneficial adj.有益的;brave adj.勇敢的→bravely adv.勇敢地→bravery n. 勇敢;勇气
breath n.气息;呼吸→breathe呼吸→breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的;呼吸急促的
brief adj.简短的;简要的n.摘要;大纲→briefly adv.简要地;短暂地
C
calculatev计算;核算→calculation n.计算
care v关注;在意n.照料;照顾→careful adj.小心的;仔细的→careless adj.不小心的;粗心的→carelessness n.粗心; caution n.小心;谨慎→cautious adj.小心的;谨慎的→cautiously adv小心地;谨慎地
celebrate v庆祝→celebration n.庆祝;庆祝会
center n.中心点;中心→central adj.中央的;中心的
certain adj. 确实;确定的→uncertain adj. 不确定的→certainly adv.无疑;确定;当然
cheer v欢呼;喝彩→ cheerful adj. 快乐的;高兴的
collect v收集;采集→ collection n.收藏品
combine vt.&vi.(使)联合;(使)结合→combination n.结合体
comfortable adj.舒服的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的→comfortably adv舒服地
commit v犯罪;承诺→commitment n.承诺;投人
communicate沟通;传达→communication n交流;传达
compete v竞争;对抗→competition n.竞争;角逐→competitorn.竞争者，对手→competitive adj.有竞争力的
concentrate vi.&vt.集中;聚集concentration n.专心;集中
concern vt.(使)担忧;涉及;关系到n.担心;关注;(利害)关系→concerned adj.担心的;忧虑的→concerning prep.关于;涉及
concludeu推断出→conclusion n.结论
confident adj.自信的;有自信心的→confidence n.信心;信任
confuse vt.使困惑;混淆confused adj.困惑的;糊涂的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusion n.迷惑;困惑
congratulatev祝贺;向……道喜→congratulation n.恭喜;祝贺
connect vt.&vi.(使)连接;联结→connection n.联系;连接
consequent adj.作为结果的;随之发生的→ consequently adv.所以;因而→consequence n.结果;影响
consider v考虑，细想→considerate adj.体贴的→consideration n.仔细考虑;斟酌→ considering prep.考虑到
consist vi.组成;在于; 一致→ consistence n.一致性→consistent adj.一致的
constant adj. 时常发生的;连续不断的→constantly adv不断地
construct v建筑;修建→construction n.建筑;建造→constructor n.建造者
contribute v捐献;捐赠→contribution n.贡献;捐献→contributor n.捐赠者
convenient adj.;方便的;附近的→→conveniently adv. 便利的地
convince v使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.坚信不疑的
coincident adj.同时发生的→coincidence n.巧合(的事);
cruel adj.残忍的→cruelty n.残忍;残酷
custom n.习惯;风俗→customer n.顾客;主顾
curious adj. 好奇的→curiously adv好奇地→curiosity n. 好奇;好奇心
D
danger n.危险;风险→dangerous adj.危险的
.dark adj.漆黑的→darkness n.黑暗;漆黑→darkenvt.& vi.(使)变暗;变黑
date注明日期;过时→dated adj.过时的;陈旧的
decide v决定;选定→decision n.决定，抉择
declare v宣布;声明→declaration n.宣布;声明
decorate v装饰;装潢→decoration n.装饰物;装饰
deep adj.& adv深的(地)→deeply adv 深深地→deepen v使加深;使强烈;变深;变低沉→ depth n.深(度);深处
defend vt. & vi.保护;为……辩护→ defence n. 保护;防护
delight n. 快乐;高兴;喜悦vt.使高兴;使欣喜→delighted adj.高兴的;快乐的→ delightful adj.令人高兴的
deliver v递送;生(小孩儿),接生;发表(演说等)→delivery n.投递;分娩
depend v依赖;依靠→dependence n.依赖;依靠→dependent adj.依赖的;依靠的→independent adj.独立的;自主的→independence n.独立;自主
describe vt.描述;形容→description n.形容;说明→ descriptive adj.描写的;叙述的
determine v决定;确定→determination n. 决心;决定→determined adj.有决心的;意志坚定的
develop v成长;发展→developing adj.发展中的→developed adj.发达的→development n.成长;发展
devote (与to连用)献身;专心于→devotion n.奉献;献身;忠诚→ devoted adj. 忠实的;深爱的
differ vi.不同;相异→ different adj. 不同的;有差异的→difference n.差异;不同
dificult adj.困难的→difficulty n.困难
direct vt.&vi.导演;指示;指挥adj.直的;直接的;直率的→direction n.指导;方向→director n.导演
→directly adv直接地;径直地conj 一……就……
E
edit v编辑→edition n.版(本);版次→ editor n.编辑
educate vt.教育;→educated adj.受过教育的;有教养的→education n.教育→educational adj.教育的;有关教育的
effect n.结果;效应;影响→ effective adj. 有效的;有影响的
embarrass v使尴尬;使局促不安;使困窘→ embarrassed adj.尴尬的;陷入困境的→ embarrass ment n. 窘迫;难堪
employ v雇用→employer n.雇主;老板→employee n. 雇工;雇员→employment n. 工作;职业
encourage v鼓励;激励→ encouragement n.鼓励;激励→ encouraging adj.鼓励的;促进的
energy n.精力;能量;活力→ energetic adj. 充满活力的;精力充沛的;积极的
enjoy v欣赏;喜爱→ enjoyable adj. 有乐趣的;使人快乐的→enjoyment n.愉快;快乐;乐趣
enter v进来;进去→entrance n.大门(口);入口(处)→entry n.进人(指权利、行动等)
entertain vt.&vi.使欢乐;款待→entertaining adj. 有趣的→entertainment n.娱乐
entire adj.整个的;完全的;全部的→entirely adv. 完全地;全然地;整个地
envy n..妒忌;美慕→envious adj.忌妒的:羡慕的
equal adj.相等的;平等的→equally adv.平等地→equality n.平等
equip装备;配备equipment n.装备;设备
exist v .存在;生存→existence n.存在;生活(方式)
expand &v.使变大;伸展→expansion n.扩大;膨胀
explain v解释;说明→explanation n.解释;说明18.expect预料;期待;期望;认为→expectation n.预料;期待;期望
expose vt.(与to用)暴露;揭露;使曝光→ exposure n.显露;揭露;曝光
express v表达;表示→expression n.表达;表示;表情
extreme adj.极度的;极大的→ extremely adv极其;极端
F
fantasy n.幻想;幻觉→fantastic adj.极好的;美妙的;很棒的
fail vt.&vi.失败→failure n.失败
favour n. 喜爱;恩惠vt.喜爱;偏袒→favourable adj. 赞成的;有利的→ favourite adj. 最喜爱的
fool v欺骗;愚弄n.愚人→foolish adj.愚蠢的
fortune n. 财产;运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→ fortunately adv幸运地unfortunate adj.不幸的→ unfortunately adv.不幸地
free adj.自由的→ freedom n. 自由;自主
freeze v冰冻→freezing adj.冰冻的;严寒的→ frozen adj. 冻结的
furnish vt. 布置家具→ furnished adj. 配备家具的→furniture n.家具
G
gentle adj.文静的;慈祥的;温柔的→ gently adv.温柔地;温和地
gift n.礼物;赠品;天赋;天才→ gifted adj.有天才的;有天赋的
govern vt.&vi.统治;支配;管理→government n.政府
graduate n.毕业→graduation n.毕业
greed n.贪婪;贪心→greedy adj.贪吃的;贪婪的;贪心的
greet vt.迎接;问候→greeting n.问候;招呼
grow v.增长;生长→ growth n.增长;生长n.指引;指导;领导
guide n.指导;向导;导游vt.指引;指导→guidance
guilt n. 内疚;犯罪;有罪→ guilty adj.犯罪的;有罪的;内疚的
H
hand n.手→handful n.一把;少量
harm n. &v 伤害;损伤→ harmful adj. 有害的→ harmless adj.无害的
health n.健康(状况)→healthy adj.健康的;健壮的
heat v加热;变热→heated adj.加热的;激烈的
help n.&v帮助→helpful adj.有帮助的→helpless adj. 无助的
hesitate vi.&vt.犹豫;踌躇→hesitation n.犹豫:踌躇
hope vi.&vt. 希望，期望→hopeless adj.绝望的→ hopeful adj.有希望的,怀有希望的→hopefully adv.有希望地
horror n. 震惊;恐惧→horrible adj.极坏的;十分讨厌的→horribly adv.糟糕地
humor n.幽默(感)→humorous adj. 幽默的
hunger n.饥饿;饥荒→hungry adj.感到饿的;饥饿的→hungrily adv.饥饿地
I
identify vt.确认;识别;鉴别→identification n.辨认;鉴定→identity n.身份;一致;同一性
ignore vt.不理睬;忽视→ignorance n.无知→ignorant adj. 无知的;不了解的
ill adj.有病;不舒服→ illness n.疾病
impress vt.使印象深刻;使铭记→ impressive adj.给人深刻印象的;感人的→impression n.印象
improve v. 提高，改善→improvement n.改善;改进
important adj.重要的→importance n.重要(性)
independent adj.独立的;自主的→independence n.独立;自主
indicate vt.指出;标示;表明;暗示→indication n.迹象
inform vt.告知;通知→informed adj.有知识的见闻广的
injure vt.损害;伤害→injury n.伤害;损害→injured adj.受伤的
innocent adj.清白的;无罪的;天真的→innocence n.清白;无罪
instant n.瞬间;片刻adj.立即的;立刻的→instantly adv 立即;即刻
1inspire vt.鼓舞;激发;→inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的;有灵感的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的→inspiration n.鼓舞;
instruct vt.命令;指示;教导→instruction n.命令;指示→instructive adj.教育的;有启发的
intelligent adj.智能的;聪明的→intelligently adv聪明地→intelligence n.智力;聪明;智能
intend vt.&v.计划;打算→intention n.意图;目的
interest n.兴趣:使感兴趣→interested adj.感兴趣的→interesting adj.有趣的
interview n.&v面试→interviewer n. 采访者;提问者→interviewee n.参加面试者;被采访者
introduce v介绍;引进→introduction n.介绍;引进
invent v发明;创造→invention n.发明;创造→ inventor n. 发明者;发明家
invite v邀请→ invitation n.邀请→adj. inviting 诱人的
J
joy n. 高兴;愉快→joyful adj. 高兴的;令人愉快的
.judge v 认为;判断→judgement n. 意见;看法;判断力
.just adj. 公正的;正义的→ justice n. 公平;公正
K
kind adj.体贴的;慈祥的→kindness n.仁慈;善良→kindly adv体贴地;慈祥地
L
large adj. 大的;大规模的→ largely adv在很大程度上，主要地→enlarge扩大;扩充
late adj.迟的;晚的→latter adj.较后的;后半的;(两者中)后者的→latest adj.最新的;最近的
laugh 笑;发笑→ laughter n. 笑;笑声
lazy adj.懒散的;懒惰的→lazily adv懒散地;懒惰地→laziness n. 懒散;懒惰
limit v限制;限定n.界限;限度→limited adj. 有限的
long adj.长的→length n. 长度;长→ lengthen u加长
loss n.损失;遗失;丧失→ lose 丢失
M
major adj.主要的;重要的→majority n. 大部分;大多数
manage v负责;管理;设法做成→manager n.经理;管理者→management n.经营;管理
marry v结婚;嫁;娶→marriage n. 婚姻→ married adj.已婚的
mean意思是;表示……的意思→ meaning n. 意义;意思
memory n.记忆力;记性→ memorial adj.纪念的;悼念的
mess n.脏或乱的状态→ messy adj.脏的，乱的
mistake n.错误弄错，误解→mistaken adj.错误的;不正确的
misunderstand vt.&vi.误解;误会→misunderstanding n.误解;误会
mix vt.&vi.混合;调配→mixture n.混合物
mountain n. 高山;山岳→mountainous adj. 多山的
move 移动;前进→ movement n.运动;活动→moving adj.动人的;令人感动的
music n. 音乐→musical adj. 音乐的;喜爱音乐的→musician n.音乐家
N
nation n. 国家;民族→national adj.国家的;民族的→nationality n.国籍
nature n.自然界;大自然→natural adj.自然的;天然的
noise n.噪声→noisy adj.喧闹的;嘈杂的→ noisily adv. 喧闹地;嘈杂地
north n. 北;北方→northern adj.北方的;向北的
O
observe vt. 观察;观测;遵守→observation n.观察;观测
occasion n.时机，机会;场合→occasional adj.偶然的;临时的;特殊场合的→ occasionally adv.偶然地;不时地
occupy使用，占用→occupation n.工作;职业;侵占→occupied adj.使用中;忙于
operate v做手术;运转;操作;控制;经营→ operation n.手术;经营;业务→operator n.操作人员;技工
oppose vt.反对;反抗;与(某人)较量→opposed adj.反对的;
organize vt.组织;成立→organizer n.组织者→ organization n.组织→organized adj.有组织的
P
pain n.痛;痛苦→painful adj.疼痛的;痛苦的
participate vi.参与;参加→participation n.参加; →participant n.参与者
patience n.忍耐;耐心→patient adj.耐心的
peace n.和平;太平→peaceful adj.平静的;和平的→peacefully adv 和平地;平静地
perfect adj.完备的;完美的→perfectly adv.完全地;非常
perform vt. &vi. 表演;演出→ performance n.表演;演出→performer n. 表演者;演员
permit vt.&vi.许可;允许;准许n.通行证;许可证;执照→permission n.许可;允许
person n.人→personal adj.个人的;私人的→ personality n. 个性;性格;人品
physics n.物理学→physical adj.物理学的;身体的;物质的→physicist n.物理学家
please v使高兴;使满意→pleasant adj.令人愉快的→pleased adj.高兴的→pleasing adj.令人高兴的
→pleasure n.愉快;快乐;乐事
poison n.毒药;毒物vt.毒害;使中毒→ poisonous adj.引起中毒的;有毒的
politics n.政治(学);政治活动→political adj.政治的;政府的
pollutev污染→pollution n.污染
popular adj.流行的;通俗的; 受欢迎的→ popularity n.受人喜爱;流行
possess v.拥有; → possession n.拥有;具有
possible adj.可能的→impossible adj.不可能的可能性→possibly adv.可能;或许→possibility n. 可能;可能性
power n.能力;力量;权力→ powerful adj.强大的;有力的→powerless adj.无能为力的;无权的
predict vt. 预言;预告;预测→ prediction n.预言→predictor n.预示物;预测器
prefer更喜欢;偏爱→preference n.喜爱;偏爱
prepare v准备;预备preparation.准备;预备
press v按;压→ pressure n. 压力
pride n.自豪;骄傲→proud adj.骄傲的;自豪的
private adj.私有的;私用的→privacy n.隐私;
probable adj.很可能发生的→probably adv.很可 能;大概
profession n.职业;专业→professional adj.专业的n.专业人员
promote v促进;推动→promotion n.提升;提拔
pronounce v;拼pronunciation n.发音
R
react vi.起反应;回应→ reaction n. 反应;回应
real adj. 真的;真正的→reality n. 真实;现实→ realize v 理解,领会;实现→realization n.实现;认识，领悟
reason n.理由;原因→reasonable adj. 合乎情理的→unreasonable adj.不合理的;不公正的
recover vi.&vt.痊愈;恢复;重新获得→ recovery n.恢复;复苏;康复
refer vi.谈到;查阅;参考→reference n.提及;涉及;参考;查阅
relax v放松;休息→relaxation n.放松;休息→ relaxed adj.轻松的→relaxing adj.令人放松的
religion n.宗教;宗教信仰→religious adj.宗教信仰的;宗教的
rely v依赖;依靠→reliable adj. 可信赖的;可依靠的
remain v仍然是;保持不变;剩余→remaining adj. 留下的;剩余的
10.represent代表;作为……的代言人→representative n.代表(人)
require v需要;依靠→requirement n.需要(要求)的事物;必要条件
respect v尊敬;尊重→respectful adj.表示敬意的;尊敬的→respectable adj.体面的;得体的
.resist v抵抗;对抗→resistant adj. 抵抗的，反抗的→resistance n.抵抗
ripe adj.成熟的→ripen vt.& vi.使……成熟;成熟
rob vt.抢劫;盗窃;剥夺→robbery n.抢劫(行为)→robber n.强盗;盗贼
rude adj.粗鲁的;无礼的→rudely adv.粗鲁地→rudeness n.粗鲁
S
sad adj.悲伤的→sadness n.悲哀;忧伤
safe adj. 安全的→ safety n.安全
satisfyv满意;满足→satisfaction n.满意;满足satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj. 满意的
scare vt.恐吓 vi. 受惊吓→ scared adj.恐惧的;害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的,可怕的
science n.科学;自然科学→scientist n.科学家→scientific adj.科学(上)的→scientifically adv科学(上)地
secure adj.安心的;有把握的→security n.保护措施;安全工作→insecure adj.缺乏信心的;无把握的
self n. 自身;本身→selfish adj.自私的→selfishness n.自私→unselfish adj. 无私的;忘我的
sense n.(对某物的)感觉→sensible adj.明智的;理智的
separate vt.&vi(使)分离，分散→separation n.分离;分开
serve vt.&vi.(给某人)提供;端上→service n.(对顾客的)接待，服务→servant n.仆人,用人
shame n.遗憾;羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的;厚颜的→ashamed adj.羞愧的;惭愧的
sharp adj.锐利的;锋利的;敏捷的→sharpen vt.&vi. 削尖;磨快;尖锐;变锋利→sharpener n.卷笔刀
sign v签名→signature n.署名;签字
significant adj.重要的→significance n.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义
silent adj.不说话的;沉默的→silence n.沉默;缄默
simple adj.简单的;简易的→ simply adv 简单地→simplifyv使简化;使简易
sleepv睡觉→sleepy adj.困倦的:瞌睡的
starve vt.&vi.(使)挨饿;饿死→starvation n.挨饿，饥饿
succeed v成功;达到success n.成功→successful adj成功的→successfully adv成功地
sudden adj.突然的→suddenly adv突然;突如其来地
.suffer vt.&vi.遭受;忍受;经历→suffering n.折磨;苦难
suggestv建议;提议→suggestion n.建议
suit v对(某人)方便;相配;适合→ suitable adj合适的;适宜的
surround vt.包围;围绕→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n.(复数)周围的事物;环境
survive vi.幸免;幸存;生还→survival n.幸存→survivor n. 幸存者
swell vi.&vt.(使)膨胀;隆起→swollen adj.肿胀的
T
talent n. 天才;特殊能力;才干→ talented adj. 有才气的;有才能的
taste n.味道;滋味→tasty adj. 美味的;可口的
tendv倾向;照顾→tendency n.倾向;趋势
terrible adj.糟糕的;可怕的→terribly adv.非常;很
terrify vt.使恐怖;恐吓→terrified adj.恐惧的;受惊吓的→terrifying adj.令人恐惧的
terror n. 恐惧→ terrible adj.糟糕的;可怕的
thirst n.口渴;干渴感→thirsty adj.渴的;口渴的
tolerate vt.容忍;忍受→tolerance n.容忍
tour n.旅行;观光;参观→tourist n.旅行者;观光者→tourismn.旅游业
tradition n.传统;风俗→traditional adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统地
translate v.翻译→translation n.翻译;译文→translator n.翻译者;译员
treat v对待;看待→treatment n.治疗;疗法
true adj. 真的;真实的→truly adv.真实地;真正地→ truth n. 真理;真相
U
unite vi.&vt.联合;团结→united adj.团结的;联合的→union n.联合;联盟;结合;协会
urge n.强烈的欲望v竭力主张→urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的→urgency n.急切;急迫
.use vt.使用n.用途→usage n.使用;(词语的)用法;惯用法→useful adj.有用的→useless adj.无用的→usefully adv有用地/uselessly adv无用地
V
value n.价值,重要性v评价;重视→valuable adj.很有用的;很重要的→invaluable adj.极有用的;极宝贵的
vary vt.&vi.使多样化;变化→variety n.变化;多样化→various adj.各种各样的
violent adj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的→ violently adv.强烈地→violence n.暴力
voluntary adj. 自愿的;无偿的→volunteer n.志愿者;义工
W
warm adj.温暖的;暖和的→warmth n.温暖;暖和
weak adj. 虚弱的;无力的→ weakly adv.虚弱地→weakness n.软弱;虚弱
wealth n.财富→wealthy adj.富有的;有钱的
Y
young adj.幼小的;未成熟的→youth n.青年时期;青年高考英语--常考的60个熟词生义
1．absent adj.缺席的→adj.茫然的，恍惚的
She looked at the picture in an absent(茫然的)way.
2．ache v．& n．疼痛→v.渴望
Having left for ages，he was aching(渴望)for home.
3．address n．地址 v.写地址→vt.发表演说
The president will address(发表演说)his speech at 3：00 pm.
4．against prep.逆着，反对；倚，靠；碰→prep.以...为背景
The picture looks nice against(以...为背景)the white wall.
5．attend v．出席；参加→v.看护；治疗；陪同
The nurse attended(看护)to him day and night.
6．blank adj.空白的 n.空白→adj.没表情的；空虚的；没兴趣的
The stranger returned my greeting with a blank(没表情的)look.
7．blue adj.& n．蓝色→adj.忧伤的
His songs always make me feel blue(忧伤的)．
8．build vt.建筑，建造→v.逐渐增强 n.体格，体形，身材
One should receive training to build(逐渐增强)up one's confidence.
You're right，Josh. He may have a small build(身材)．
9．cause vt.促使，引起→n.原因，起因；事业，目标
Even with a staff of 22 volunteers，Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause(事业)．
10．cloudy adj.阴的，多云的→adj.不明朗的，不清晰的
Who will take his place still remains cloudy(不明朗的)．
11．coach n．教练→v.辅导，指导
She coached(指导)me in playing football.
12．count n．& v．计算，数→vi.有价值，重要
It is not how much you read but what you read that counts(重要)．
13．course n．课程；过程→n.一道菜
The courses(菜谱)vary with seasons.
14．cover v．覆盖→v.行走(一段路程)；足以支付，够付；采访n.书刊封面，封皮
Motor－cars cover(行走一段路程)a hundred miles in little more than an hour.
To cover(足以支付)the cost of hiring a bus, each student will have to pay $10 each time.
15．cross v．跨越，横穿n.十字→adj.生气的
Don't be cross(生气的)with him—after all，he is a child.
16．desert n．沙漠→v.抛弃，离弃
He deserted(抛弃)his wife and children and went abroad.
17．deal vi.处理，解决→n.交易
Having been cheated in a business deal(交易)，he was reduced to nothing.
18．develop v．发展；开发；研制→v.冲印
Did you have the films developed(冲印)
19．drive v．驾驶→v.迫使(某人做不好的事)
Hunger drove(迫使)her to steal.
20．express v．表达→n.快车
Is there an express(快车)from Nanjing to Shanghai
21．encourage vt.鼓励；激励→v.促进，助长，刺激
Good health encourages(促进)clear thinking.
22．escape v．逃跑；逃脱→v.被忘掉；被忽视
The name escapes(被忘掉)me for the moment.
23．explode v．爆炸；爆裂→v.勃然大怒；大发雷霆
I'm about to explode(勃然大怒)！He broke his promise again.
24．exploit v．开发；开采；剥削→v.利用
You must exploit(利用)every opportunity to learn English.
25．fail vi.失败→vi.(健康)衰退，变弱
William found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to fail(变弱)．
26．foreign adj.外国的；外交的→adj.不熟悉的
The subject is foreign(不熟悉的)to all of us.
27．freeze vi.结冰，(使)冻结→v.惊呆，吓呆
Grandfather froze(吓呆) in fear. Was he going to lose his job
28．fresh adj.新鲜的→adj.无经验的
She is quite fresh(无经验的)to the work.
29．ground n．地面→n.理由
He has strong grounds(理由)for more money.
30．govern v．管理；控制→vt.影响；支配
The law of supply and demand governs(影响)the prices of goods.
31．help vt.帮助→vi.避免，防止，起作用
Try not to cough more than you can help(避免，防止)since it may cause problems to your lungs.
32．hit v．击中，打击→n.成功；红极一时的人或事
33．ill adj.生病的→adj./adv.坏的/地
It's no good speaking ill(坏地)of others.
She had brought ill (坏的)luck into her family.
34．interest n．兴趣→n.利益；股份
Our family has interests(利益) in the business.
35．inspire v．激励；鼓舞→v.启发
His best music was inspired(启发) by the memory of his mother.
36．jump v．& n．跳→n.& v．大幅度上涨
Last week the price of goods jumped(大幅度上涨)．
37．kill v．杀死，弄死→v.消磨或打发(时间)
How does the man kill(打发时间)time
38．last adj.最后的→adj.最不可能的
He is the last(最不可能的)man I want to see.
39．match n．火柴，旗鼓相当的人→vt.般配，与…匹配
She matched(匹配)the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour.
40．mean v．打算；意味着→adj.小气的，吝啬的　means n．方式，方法
He is too mean(吝啬的)to make a donation.
In many places in China, the bicycle is still a popular means(方式)of transportation.
41．measure n．措施，方法→v.估量，判定(重要性、价值或影响等)
It's hard to measure(判定) his ability when we haven't seen his work.
42．narrow adj.狭窄的→vt.缩小，使变窄
Parents and children should communicate more to narrow (使变窄，缩小) the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.
43．nurse n．护士，保姆→v.看护，照料(病人或伤者)
For two days he was nursed(照料)by his mother.
44．note n．笔记→v.注意，特别指出，提及
I noted(注意到)that her hands were dirty.
45．open v．开adj.开着的，打开的→adj.(问题、议事等)未解决的
They left the matter open(未解决的)．
46．operate vi.机器运转工作；做手术→vi.起作用
The medicine operated(起作用)quickly.
47．position n．位置；职位→n.立场；观点
What's your position(观点)on the problem
48．promise v．& n．许诺→v.有……的希望；使……有可能
The dark clouds promise(使……有可能)rain.
49．read v．阅读→v.理解；领会
I didn't read(领会)mother's thoughts at that time.
50．say vt.说→vt.假定，显示，表明
Say(假定)that war breaks out, what will you do
51．shoulder n．肩膀→v.承担
Young people should learn to shoulder(承担)the blame.
52．solid adj.固定的，坚硬的→adj.可靠的，可信赖的
The research lacks solid(可靠的)evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.
53．strength n．力，力量，体力→n.长处，强项
A basketball coach must know the strengths(长处)and weaknesses of his players.
54．taste v．品尝，尝出……味道→n.味道，鉴赏力，爱好
While she was in Paris, she developed a taste(爱好)for fine art.
55．sign n．符号，记号→n.迹象，预兆 v．签字，签署
Bearing responsibility for his mistakes is a sign(征兆)of a man's maturity.
Therefore, students should be advised to sign(签字)up as soon as possible.
56．stand v．站，站立，直立→v.忍受 n．货摊
The author could not stand(忍受)living in a wooden house.
I found the fish stand(货摊)surrounded in a sea of customers.
57．store n．(大型)百货商店→v.& n．贮藏，贮存，保存
Although dams can be built to store(贮存)water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons.
58．treat vt.以…态度对待→vt.治疗，医治 v．&n.款待，招待
The doctor is skilled at treating(治疗)heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good reputation.
Let's go out for lunch—my treat(款待)．
59．walk v．& n．行走；步行→n.行业
This society welcomes people from all walks(行业)of life.
60．wear v．穿，戴→v.面带，流露；留(发，须等)
I can still remember he was always wearing(面带)a smile and willing to help.高考英语--不及物动词搭配以及讲义
一、接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的24个常用动词
afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 arrange to do sth.安排做某事 ask to do sth. 要求做某事 beg to do sth. 请求做某事 care to do sth. 想要做某事 choose to do sth. 决定做某事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 determine to do sth. 决心做某事 expect to do sth. 期待做某事 fear to do sth. 害怕做某事 help to do sth. 帮助做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 learn to do sth. 学习做某事 manage to do sth. 设法做某事 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 promise to do sth. 答应做某事 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 want to do sth. 想要做某事 wish to do sth. 希望做某事 注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词：
aim to do sth. 打算做某事 fail to do sth. 未能做某事 long to do sth. 渴望做某事 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
跟介词搭配的不及物动词
count on 依靠 embark on上路 gamble on以……打赌 insist on坚持…… rely on依靠 theorize on 对……推理，对……建立理论 harp on 老提到……calculate on 指望，依靠 concentrate on 集中到…… depend on依靠reckon on盼望，指望…… account for 说明，解释…… answer for回答…… apologize for为……道歉 suffer for为……受苦 pay for 为……付钱 look for 寻找 atone for补偿，赔偿 make up for补偿 stand for代表
compensate for 补偿 abstain from 有意回避，弃权 desist from 停止refrain from抑制，忍住 shrink from 回避 suffer from 受苦，患病benefit from 获益于 flinch from 退缩 escape from 从……逃开 approve of 同意 boast of 吹牛 consist of 由……组成 despair of 失望 dream of 梦想做某事 repent of 忏悔，懊悔 believe in 相信…… persevere in 坚持…… revel in 陶醉，着迷于…… succeed in 在某方面成功 delight in 为……高兴 join in 加入…… participate in 参加…… persist in 坚持…… specialize in 专门从事某事， 在某方面专长 aim at 瞄准于……chafe at 恼怒，不满 frown at 向……皱眉头 scowl at 沉下脸……，对……皱眉 laugh at 嘲笑 smile at向……微笑 work at 从事于……，用功于…… look at 看着…… attend to 参加…… certify to 证明…… allude to 暗示…… confess to 承认…… descend to 下降到……object to 反对…… react to 对某事作出反应 refer to 提到…… resort to 求助，采用…… see to 检查…… submit to 提交…… testify to 表明，说明…… turn to 转向…… fall to 下跌，减弱
及物动词与不及物动词:
在英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可以把动词分成两种：及物动词与不及物动词。
　　及物动词 vt.
　　及物动词： 又称“他动词”。又称“外动词”。动词的一种。它所表示的动作常涉及动作者以外的事物，如“吃”、“穿”、“读”、“写”等。字典里词后标有vt. 的就是及物动词。及物动词后必须跟有动作的对象（即宾语），并且可直接跟宾语。
　　如see 看见 (vt.) +宾语 I can see a boy.　　其实所谓“及物”，就是后面可直接加宾语的动词，有被动形式，而不及物动词是没有被动式的，也不可直接加宾语，需加上介词。
　　及物动词后面可直接接宾语，不及物动词后面不可直接接宾语，一般要加介词后再接宾语。实际上很多动词既是及物动词，又是不及物动词。举一个例子，就说write。如I am writing.和I am writing a letter.在前一个句子write是不及物动词，在后一个句子write是及物动词。又如，see是及物动词，但在特殊情况下如seeing is believing。
示例
　　不及物动词就是一个动作不能施加到另一个物体上，也就是后面不能加宾语。
　　例如：He is running. run这个动词就是不及物动词，后面不能加sth。（不能说跑什么东西）
　　分清及物不及物动词:　　分清动词的及物不及物是在英语学习中必须解决的首要问题。动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况：
　　a．主要用作及物动词。及物动词后面必须跟宾语。可以用于："主＋谓＋宾"；"主＋谓＋双宾"；"主＋谓＋宾＋宾补"结构。如：
　　He reached Paris the day before yesterday.　　Please hand me the book over there.　　They asked me to go fishing with them.　　类似的还有：buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell....　　b．主要用作不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不跟宾语。只能用于："主＋谓"结构。
　　This is the room where I once lived.　　类似的还有：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed....　　c．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。如begin 都是作"开始"讲。everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game. 类似的还有：start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve....　　d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。
　　这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的"消散"。we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. 作及物动词时是"升高；举起"。
　　He lifted his glass and drank.　　类似的还有：beat　vi.跳动 vt. 敲、打;　grow vi.生长 vt.　种植
　　play vi.玩耍 vt. 打（牌、球）,演奏 smell vi.发出（气味） vt. 嗅
　　ring　vi.（电话、铃）响vt.打电话　speak vi.讲话　vt. 说（语言）
　　hang　vi. 悬挂 vt.　绞死　operate vi.动手术　vt. 操作
　在英语错误中，“及物动词＋介词＋宾语”（transitive verb+preposition+object），是常见的一种。所谓及物动词，就是谓语动词（predicative verb），不必通过介词引荐宾语。相反的，不及物动词（intransitive verb）是不带宾语的。有许多动词，虽然性质是及物的，但不一定要有宾语，如下列的①a和②a便是这种情形：　
　　①a. We study every day.
①a. We study every day.　　b. Do you study English every day.　　②a. Please write clearly next time.　　b. Can you write your composition now 　　如果本质上就是不及物动词，就不会有宾语；若要宾语，就要借介词之助，一起连用才行(不及物动词+宾语+介词)，如③b和④b;③a和④a是错的；
　　*③a. The children are listening the music.　　b. The children are listening to the music.　　*④a. She is laughing the crippled man.　　b. She is laughing at the crippled man.　　反之，及物动词不必靠介词，就可以带宾语，如上述的①b和②b ，又如⑤和　⑥：
　　⑤ John is giving a book to me.　　⑥ Who will answer this question 　　如果无意中把介词加上，就错了，如：
　　*⑦ Who will answer to this question 　　下列这句从房地产广告中看到的句子，也犯了同样的错：
　　“We have many buyers awaiting for available units here.”
　　“Awaiting”是个及物动词，后面的介词“for”是多余的，要去掉；不然把“awaiting”改为“waiting for”也行。
　　许多人习惯上喜欢把介词加到及物动词后面，然后才带出宾语。最常见的是“emphasize/stress on/upon”和“discuss about”，如：
　　⑧ Singaporeans seem to have emphasized on material gains.　　⑨ In our education system, we stress upon examination results.　　⑩ World leaders spent a lot of time discussing about worsening economic problems.　　显然的，这三句里的介词“on/upon”和“about”是多余的，不必要的。
　　下面是些类似的错误：
　　● The young must obey to their elders.　　● Do not approach to that odd-looking man.　　● The audience attacked on the rude speaker.　　● Nothing can escape from his parents' eyes.　　● Do you hope to serve for your nation 　　● When did Susan marry with Paul 　　介词“to, on, from, for, with”都要去掉才对。
　　为什么会有这些错误呢？主因是分不清楚及物动词和不及物动词的性质。其次，就是对同一个动词及其名词的句型有些混淆。解决之道有二。第一，要把“及物动词＋宾语”和“不及物动词＋介词＋宾语”划分清楚，如：
　　 I did not answer him./ I did not reply to him.　 He reached Londan yesterday./ He arrived in London yesterday.
第二，把及物动词转化为名词，然后加上适当的介词和宾语，如：
Don't approach such a person.Is oral practice a good approach to language teaching
划分标准
　　英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分成及物动词与和不及物动词。
界定
　　不及物动词：字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词。不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）。若要跟宾语，必须先在其后添加上某个介词，如to,of ,at后方可跟上宾语。具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得联系动词短语了
常用的不及物动词及不及物动词短语
　　go want live come stay walk laugh work sime speak
　　appear, die, disappear, end（vi. 结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, rise, fall, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place用法举例
　　Look carefully! (注意：carefully 是副词，不是名词，故不作宾语)
　　look at 看…….+宾语 Look at me carefully! (me是代词，作宾语)　　（at是小范围 in是大范围）
　　如：
　　The students work very hard.学生们学习很努力。
　　She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。
　　The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上发生的。
与及物动词的区别
　　动词的及物不及物是在英语学习中必须解决的首要问题。动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况：
　　a．主要用作及物动词。及物动词后面必须跟宾语。可以用于："主＋谓＋宾"；"主＋谓＋双宾"；"主＋谓＋宾＋宾补"结构。如：
　　He reached Paris the day before yesterday.　　Please hand me the book over there.　　They asked me to go fishing with them.　　类似的还有：buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell....　　b．主要用作不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不跟宾语。只能用于："主＋谓"结构。
　　This is the room where I once lived.　　类似的还有：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed....　　c．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。如begin 都是作"开始"讲。everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game. 类似的还有：start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve....　　d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。
　　这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的"消散"。we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. 作及物动词时是"升高；举起"。
　　He lifted his glass and drank.　　类似的还有：beat　vi.跳动 vt. 敲、打;　grow vi.生长 vt.　种植
　　play vi.玩耍 vt. 打（牌、球）,演奏 smell vi.发出（气味） vt.嗅
　　ring　vi.（电话、铃）响vt.打电话　speak vi.讲话　vt. 说（语言）
　　hang　vi. 悬挂 vt.　绞死　operate vi.动手术　vt. 操作
　需要注意的一点是：少数不及物动词唯一可跟的宾语是同源宾语，如：I dreamed a dream last night.
when, while, as的用法区别
三者可表示“当……时候”，区别如下：
(1) 若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作，从句表示的是一个持续性动作，三者都可用：
He fell asleep when [while, as] he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。
【注】as 用于引出一个持续性动词表示“在……期间”时，其谓语通常只能是那些含有动作(action)和发展(development) 意味的动词，一般不能是那些不用于进行时态的动词(如 be, seem, love, want, agree, see, know, have 等)，所以下面一句中的 while 不能换为 as：
A：I’m going to the post office. 我要去邮局。
B：While you’re there, can you get me some stamps 当你在邮局时，能帮我买几张邮票吗 (2) 若主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作，且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间，通常要用 while：
Don’t talk while you’re eating. 吃饭时不要说话。
I kept silent while he was writing. 在他写的时候，我默不作声。
但是，若主从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边…一边”之意思，通常用 as：
She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。
(3) 若从句是一个短暂性动作，主句是一个持续性动作，可用 as / when 但不用 while：
It was raining hard when [as] we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。
(4) 若主从句表示的是两个同时(或几乎同时)发生的短暂性动作，用 as / when：
I thought of it just when [as] you opened your mouth. 就在你要说的时候，我也想到了。
(5) 若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况，相当于汉语的“随着”，一般用 as：
Things are getting better and better as time goes on. 随着时间的推移，情况越来越好。
As it grew darker, it became colder. 天色越晚，天气越冷。
(6) 表示“每当…的时候”(暗示一种规律性)，一般要用 when：
It’s cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。
He smiles when you praise him. 你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。
(7) 若主从句所表示的动作不是同时发生，而是有先后顺序时，一般要用 when：
I will go home when he comes back. 他回来时，我就回家去。
(8) when 可用作并列连词，表示“这时(突然)”；while 也可以用作并列连词，表示“而”、“却”(表示对比)；但 as 则没有类似用法：
We were about to start when it began to rain. 我们正要出发，这时天开始下雨了。
He likes coffee, while she likes tea. 他喜欢咖啡，而她却喜欢茶。
(9) as 后可直接跟一个名词，构成省略句，但 while, when 很少这样用：
As [When] a boy, he lived in Japan. 他小时候在日本。
(10) when 和 while 后可接现在分词、介词短语、形容词等构成省略句，但 as 一般不这样用：
When [While] reading, he fell asleep. 他看书时睡着了。
When [While] in trouble, ask her for help. 遇到麻烦的时候你就去找她帮忙。
When\while\as\just as的用法
1. 当从句中的谓语动词是持续性的动作时,我们可以用while, when或as。
While / When / As I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the bank.我顺着马路往前走时,发现银行门前停着一辆警车。
2. 当从句中的谓语动词表示瞬间动作时,不可用while。
He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door. 他正要走,这时有人敲门。
3. 如果谈论两个长动作,最常用的是while。
While John was sitting biting his nails, I was working out a plan to get us home. 约翰坐在那里咬指甲时,我想出了一个回家的办法。不过, as是可以用来说明两种正在发展或变化的情况的,这时as引导一个持续性的动作,主句中的动作与之同时进行。As we talked on, he got more and more excited. 我们继续往下谈的时候,他越来越兴奋。
4. 如果表示两个短动作或事件同时发生,最常用的是as或just as,也可用when。
Just as he caught the ball, there was a tearing sound. 当他抓住球的时候,有一种撕裂的声音。
I thought of it just when you opened your mouth. 就在你要说话的时候,我也想到了。
主句和从句的区别：在英语句子中通常会出现各种各样的比较复杂的句子，在句子中有两个或两个以上的主语，谓语，宾语，我们通常会区分主句和从句，区别主从句的方法中最简单的就是看连接词，我们也称为引导词，但是有时连接词也会省略，只要找到连接词就找到了从句。常见的引导词有：that, where, who, how, why, who, whom, when, as, if…
如：
If you don’t hurry, you will miss the bus.
I know the man who wrote the book.
Where we will go haven’t been decided.
as when while 的区别和用法
as when while的用法
一、 as的意思是“正当……时候”,它既可表示一个具体的时间点，也可以表示一段时间。as可表示主句和从句的动作同时发生或同时持续，即“点点重合”“线线重合”；又可表示一个动作发生在另一个动作的持续过程中，即“点线重合”，但不能表示两个动作一前一后发生。如果主句和从句的谓语动词都表示持续性的动作，二者均可用进行时，也可以一个用进行时，一个用一般时或者都用一般时。
1、As I got on the bus， he got off. 我上车，他下车。（点点重合）两个动作都是非延续性的
2、 He was writing as I was reading. 我看书时，他在写字。（线线重合） 两个动作都是延续性的
3、 The students were talking as the teacher came in. 老师进来时，学生们正在讲话。（点线重合） 前一个动作是延续性的，而后一个动作时非延续性的
二、while的意思是“在……同时（at the same time that )”“在……期间(for as long as, during the time that）”。从while的本身词义来看，它只能表示一段时间，不能表示具体的时间点。在时间上可以是“线线重合”或“点线重合”，但不能表示“点点重合”。例如：
1、He was watching TV while she was cooking. 她做饭时，他在看电视。（线线重合）
2、 He was waiting for me while I was working. 我工作的时候，他正等着我。（线线重合）
3、 He asked me a question while I was speaking. 我在讲话时，他问了我一个问题。（点线重合）
　 三、when的意思是“当……时候（at the time that）”“无论什么时候（whenever）” “一……就……（as soon as ）” “在……以后（after）”。它表示的时间概念比较广泛，上述例句中的as或while均可用when代替，因为when不但可以表示具体的时间点，而且也可以表示一段时间。在时间上它既能表示“点点重合”“线线重合”，又能表示“点线重合”。例如：
1、When he came in，she went out. 他进来，她出去。（点点重合）
　　此句中when从句的动作表示的是一个时间点，when可以用as代替，但不能用while代替。
2、When he came back，I was doing some washing. 他回来时，我在洗衣服。（点线重合）
　　此句中when从句的动作表示的是一个时间点，所以只能用as代替，不能用while代替。
as when while的区别
一、根据从句动作的持续性来区分
　　1、“主短从长”型：即主句是一个短暂性动作，而从句是一个持续性动作，此时三者都可用。如：
　　Jim hurt his arm while［when， as］ he was playing tennis. 吉姆打网球时把手臂扭伤了。
　　As［When， While］ she was waiting for the train， she became very impatient. 她在等火车时，变得很不耐烦。
　　注意：as 用于引出一个持续性动词表示“在……期间”时，其谓语通常只能是那些含有动作(action)和发展(development)意味的动词，一般不能是那些不用于进行时态的动词(如be，seem，love，want，agree，see，know，have等)，所以下面一句中的 while 不能换为 as：
　　A：I’m going to the post office. 我要去邮局。
　　B：While you are there， can you get me some stamps？当你在邮局时，能帮我买几张邮票吗？
　　2、“主长从长”型：即主句和从句为两个同时进行的动作或存在的状态，且强调主句动作或状态延续到从句所指的整个时间，此时通常要用while。
I always listen to the radio while I’m driving. 我总是一边开车一边听收音机。
He didn’t ask me in; he kept me standing at the door while he read the message. 他没有让我进去，他只顾看那张条子，让我站在门口等着。
但是，若主句和从句所表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边……一边”之意时，则习惯上要用as。如：
He swung his arms as he walked. 他走路时摆动着手臂。
I couldn’t remember a story to tell the children, so I made one up as I went along. 我想不出有什么故事可给孩子讲了，只好现编现讲。
3、“主长从短”型：即主句是一个持续性动作，而从句是一个短暂性动作，此时可以用as或when，但不能用while。如：
It was raining hard when [as] we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。
When [As] he came in, I was listening to the radio. 他进来时，我在听收音机。
二、根据主句与从句动作是否同时发生来区分
1、若主句与从句表示的是两个同时发生的短暂性动作，含有类似汉语“一……就”的意思，英语一般要用as (也可用when)。如：
The ice cracked as [when] I stepped onto it. 我一踩冰就裂了。
He jumped to his feet as the boss came in. 老板一进来他立刻站了起来。
但是，在hardly [scarcely]…when…句式中，不能将when换成as。如：
Scarcely had we arrived, when it began to rain. 我们刚一到就下起雨来了。
2、若主句与从句表示的是两个几乎同时发生的短暂性动作，含有类似汉语“刚要……就”“正要……却”的意思，英语一般要用as(也可用when)，且此时通常连用副词just。如：
I caught him just when [as] he was leaving the building. 他正要离开大楼的时候，我把他截住了。
Just as [when] the two men were leaving, a message arrived. 就在这两个人要离开的时候，突然有了消息。
三、根据是否具有伴随变化来区分
若要表示主句动作伴随从句动作同时发展变化，有类似汉语“随着”的意思，英语习惯上要用as，而不用when或while。如：
The room grew colder as the fire burnt down. 随着炉火逐渐减弱，房间越来越冷。
As time goes by my memory seems to get worse. 随着时间的流逝，我的记忆力似乎越来越差。
注：若不是引导从句，而是引出一个短语，则用with，不用as。如：
With winter coming on, it’s time to buy warm clothes. 随着冬天到来，该买暖和衣裳了。
The shadows lengthened with the approach of sunset. 随着太阳下落，影子也逐渐伸长。
四、根据从句动作的规律性来区分
若暗示一种规律性，表示“每当……的时候”，英语一般要用when。如：
It’s cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。
He smiles when you praise him. 你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。
五、根据主从句动作的先后顺序来区分
若主句与从句所表示的动作不是同时发生，而是有先后顺序时，一般要用when。如：
When he arrives he’ll tell us all about the match. 等他到了，他会好好给我们讲讲那场比赛的情况。
When she had finished she waited as though for a reply. 她讲完之后等了等，仿佛是在等候回答似的。
六、根据是否具有“趁机”意味来区分
1、若从句所表示的“当……的时候”具有“趁机”的意味，则通常用while。如：
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。高考英语--必备短语汇总
1.be able to do sth能做某事
be unable to do sth不能做某事
have the ability to do sth 有做某事的能力
2 be absent from a meeting缺席会议
be present at a meeting 出席会议
In the absence of sb/in sb’s absence 在某人不在时
3 sb.be about to do sth….when 正要做…突然地
Sb.was/were doing……when 正在做………突然地
Sb.had just done ……when刚做完………突然地
4 go abroad 出国
5 above all 最重要的是 after all 毕竟 first of all 首先
6 be absorbed in 全神贯注于
7 have access to sb/sth/a place有机会有权利接近某人，利用某物，进入某地
8 take sth into account/consideration把……考虑进去
account for 解释，占…….（比例）
on account of 由于
On no account 绝不
9 accuse sb of sth指控=charge sb with sth
10 accompany sb to a place陪伴….去
keep sb company 陪伴某人
11 be accustomed to sth /doing习惯于做某事
12 by accident 偶然地=by chance
13 according to 根据
14 make sb’s acquaintance
make the acquaintance of sb 结识某人
15 take action/take measures 采取行动、采取措施
16 adapt （oneself）to 适应
17 be adapted from改编自
18 be addicted to（doing）sth沉迷于
19 in addition此外加之 in addition to除此之外
20 add A to B把A加入B中
add to 增加 add up加起来 add up to 加起来
21 adjust to调整以适应
22 admit doing sth承认做了某事
be admitted to/into被录取 准许进入
23 in advance 提前
24 have an advantage over sb有超越某人的优势
take advantage of 利用
25 advise doing sth 建议做
advise sb to do 建议某人做
26 afford sth/ to do sth负担的起
28 again and again 反复
29 look after照顾=take care of
be named after 以……命名
be modeled after 模仿 run after追赶追求
after school/class放学/下课后
day after day日复一日
30 in the afternoon在下午
on the afternoon of may 1在五月一日的下午
on a sunny afternoon在一个阳光明媚的下午
31 at the age of five在5岁时
in the age of information在信息时代
32 two days ago两天前
33 agree with sb 同意某人 /（气候，食物）适宜某人
agree on sth双方就...达成一致
agree to sth同意(计划 建议 安排)
agree to do sth同意做
I can’t agree more 再同意不过了
34 ahead of time 提前时间 Go ahead 请吧 做吧
35 fight against 抵抗 反抗 与……作斗争
against the blue sky 在蓝天的映衬下
press one’s face against the glass脸贴着玻璃
36 come to one’s aid来救某人
37 sb aim to do 旨在做什么 sth be aimed at 旨在……
38 in the open air在户外
39 sth look alike看起来一样 look like sth 看起来像
40 be allergic to 对……过敏
41 a live show一个现场直播节目
42 all of a sudden =suddenly 突然地
all in all总的来说
do all one can （do）to do sth 尽力做...
43 allow doing sth允许做 allow sb to do 允许某人做
44 and so on等等
45 the distance between people
人们之间的距离（三个以上两两之间）
46 get on/along with sb/sth与……相处 进展
47 have no alternative/choice but to do sth别无选择只好做………
48 a large amount of 大量的+不可数
large amounts of （+不可数）
the amount of money钱的数量
amount to达到
49 the answer to the question问题的答案
用to不用of的还有
the entrance to the hall the key to the door
the key to solving the problem the road to success
the access to the village the approach to（doing）） sth
50 apart from除……之外
51 apologize to sb for sth因……向某人道歉
make an apology to sb for sth
52 sth appeal to sb吸引
appeal to sb to do sth呼吁某人做
53 sth apply to sb适用于
apply A toB把A应用于B
apply for a job 申请工作
54 appreciate doing sth感激……
I’d appreciate it if………如果………我将不胜感激
55 the approach to（doing）sth做某事的方法
the way to do sth
56 as for至于
57 approve sth批准某事 approve of sth同意赞同某事
58 be armed with sth 武装着……
59 join the army 参军
60 arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事
61 arise from/out of ……由……引起
62 arrive in/at 到达 get to 到达 reach到达 vt.
On his arrival 他一到达……就
63 be ashamed of 对……羞愧
64 fall a sleep 入睡
65 associate A with B 把A和B联系起来
associate with sb 与……交往
66 attach sth to sth把……附在……什么上
be attached to 附属于 依恋
attach importance to sth 重视……
66 pay attention to（doing）sth注意
67 attempt to do sth / make an attempt to do sth 试图尝试做
68 as if/as though仿佛好像
69 as usual和往常一样
70 as well 也 as well as 和
71 at an end 结束at present现在 at risk 冒险 at war 在战争中
at dusk 在黄昏 at dawn在黎明at ease 舒适自在at most 至多 at least至少
72 one’s attitude towards/to sth 某人对某事的态度
73 on average 平均的
74 avoid doing sth避免做
75 award sb sth/sth to sb 颁发/授予某人某物
76 be aware of 意识到
77 a ban on smoking 禁烟令
ban sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事
78 base A on B
A is based on B A基于B
on the basis of 在...的基础上
79 a balanced diet 均衡的饮食
keep/lose one’s balance 保持/失去某人的平衡
80 be back on one’s feet 恢复复原
81 be dying for sth/to do sth 渴望
82 be bound to do sth注定做
83 bear/keep sth in mind牢记
84 because of 由于
85 on behalf of 代表
86 to begin with首先
at the beginning of 在……开始、开头
in the beginning=at first首先
87 behave yourself 守规矩
88 belong to 属于
89 sth be of benefit=be beneficial 有益
Sth benefit sb=sb benefit from sth
某事对…有益 某人从…中获益
90 sb be blessed with sth某人享有...
91 be bored with = be tired of = be fed up with厌烦
92 block out the sun 挡住太阳光
93 be born 出生
94 give birth to a baby 生孩子 deliver a baby 接生
deliver a speech 发表演讲 deliver goods 递送货物
95 fall behind 落后
96 believe in相信
have belief in …有信心 相信……
beyond belief=unbelievable难以置信的
97 don’t/didn’t bother to do sth不想费神去做某事 懒得做
98 out of breath=breathless 气喘吁吁
99 bring………back to life使……复活
100 beyond one’s reach 够不到
beyond control 失控
beyond recognition 无法辨认
beyond sb 某人不能理解明白
101 blow up 炸毁 充气
102 build up 逐渐增强 建立
103 burn up/down 烧毁
burn…….to the ground烧成平地
104 burst into tears/laughter 突然大哭/大笑
burst out crying/laughing
105 be buried in 埋头于
106 be busy with sth 忙于
be busy （in）doing sth忙于
107 feel cast down 感到 沮丧
108 calm down 冷静下来
109 take care of 照顾 care for 喜欢 照顾 care about 关心在乎
110 in case 以防万一（接从句）） in case of sth 以防…….
111 carry out the plan实施执行计划 carry on 继续,坚持下去
112 catch sb doing sth 发现…在做
be caught in a heavy rain被困大雨中
catch sight of 看见 at the sight of 一看见
113 the cause of the fire 导致火灾的原因
the reason for his absence 他缺席的理由
cause sb to do sth导致
114 sb be in charge of sth 某人管理某事
Sth be in the charge of sb 某事被……管理
charge sb money for sth因……收费…
free of charge 免费
charge sb with sth 因某事指控/控告某人
116 cheer （sb）up 使……高兴起来
117.get close to nature 接近自然
118.by coincidence 巧合 by chance 偶然 意外的
bine A with B 把A与B结合
mand sb.to do 命令
have a good command of sth.掌握了 精通……
121.comment on sth.评论……
122.have sth./nothing in common with 和……有/没有共同点
in common with sb/sth 和……一样
e into being 形成 产生come to power 上台
come to life 活跃起来 come to an end 结束
pare A to B /with B 比较
compared to/with… 和……比较起来
125.concentrate on 集中精力于……
126.be concerned about 关心……
as far as I’m concerned 就我而言
127.draw a conclusion 得出结论
128.on condition that 条件是 如果……
129.congratulate sb.on sth.祝贺…congratulations to sb.on sth.
130.consider…(to be/as) 认为…….是
consider doing sth 考虑做……
take sth.into consideration 考虑到…..
131.consist of=be made up of 由……组成
132.consult sb.about sth.向……咨询
133.on the contrary 相反地
134.be content with 对……满意
135.contribute to促成 导致
136.convince sb.to do sth.说服某人
convince sb.of sth.使…相信……
I’m convinced that…我相信
sth.is convincing 某事令人相信
137.around the corner 即将到来
138.count on 依靠=rely on=depend on
139.be covered with 覆盖着 cover up sth 掩盖
140.to one’s credit 某人值得赞扬
141.sth crowd in 涌上心头 涌入脑海 be crowded with 挤满了
142.cure sb.of sth.治愈某人的……病
143.a cure for… ……疾病的治疗方法
Rob/accuse/remind/suspect/convince/cure/inform/ free sb of sth
143.be curious about… 对…… 好奇out of curiosity 出于好奇
144.do damage to… 对……破坏 损坏
145.in/out of danger 处于/摆脱危险
146.at down 在黎明
147.deal with 处理(与how连用) 应付 与…打交道
do with 处理（与what连用）
do without 没有……也行
a great deal of +n.(u.) 许多 大量的
148.be sentenced to death 被判死刑
149.delay doing sth.延迟做……
150.to one’s delight 令某人开心的是
151.depend on 依靠
152.in debt 负债
153.be decorated with 装饰着
154.deep into the night 深夜
155.defend sb.against sth.保卫……免于
in defence of … 以保卫……
156.date from/date back to… 始于 追溯到……(无被动，现在时)
157.decide on sth.对……作决定
158.be determined to do sth.决心做(状态)
determine to do 决定做（动作）
159.with the development of…随着……发展
160.devote oneself to sth.献身 投身于…= be devoted to…
devote one’s time/energy/money/effort…to sth.把时间，金钱，精力，努力投入到
161.by design 故意地=on purpose
162.die out 灭绝
die of /from 死于(内因)/（外因）
die off 一一死去
163.on a diet 节食
164.be different from与……不同
differ from不同于…...
make a /no difference to… 对...有/没有不同（影响）
tell the difference between A and B 区分与A与B =tell A from B
165.have difficulty/trouble with sth/（in） doing sth.做…有困难
166.dive into 迅速把手伸入 一心投入
167.dig up/out 挖出
168.have dinner 吃晚饭
169.in this direction 朝这个方向in all directions 朝四面八方
170.within walking distance of my house 离我家一步之遥
171.divide…into 把……划分成……
separate…from… 把 …… 与…….分离开
172.I doubt if/whether… 我怀疑……
I don’t doubt that我相信……
There is no doubt that……毫无疑问……
173.dozens of… 许多……two dozen 两打
174.dry out (浸水之物)变干 干透 dry up (河水 井)干涸
175.dream of doing sth.梦想做……
176.draw a conclusion 得出结论
177.due to 由于 因为 sb.be due to do sth.预定做……
178.discuss sth.with sb.和……讨论
179.distinguish A from B 区分A与B
180.from door to door 挨家挨户
181.dress sb./oneself 给某人、自己穿衣服be dressed in 穿着 dress up 盛装打扮
182.draw one’s attention 吸引某人注意
183.drive sb.crazy /mad 让……发疯
184.drop in on sb./at a place 拜访某人、参观某地
185.get drunk 喝醉
186.on duty 值日
187.earn a/one’s living 谋生
188.be eager to do sth/ for sth.渴望做……渴望得
189.have an effect on 对……有影响 affect v
190.either…or 要么…….要么…… 或者……或者……
191.at an end 结束 in the end 最后 终于
at the end of 在……末尾 尽头
end up doing sth.结果做了某事
192.enjoy doing sth 喜欢做
193.enter a room 进入房间
194.be employed in 忙于
195.encourage sb.to do 鼓励
196.the entrance to the hall 大厅入口
197.be equal to 等于
198.be equipped with 装备着
199.escape from...从……逃脱 escape doing sth 逃脱做
200.exchange A for B 用A换B
in exchange for 以交换
201.for example 举个例子
set sb.an example=set an example to sb.
树立榜样 follow one's example 效仿
202.expect sb.to do sth 期待某人做某事
203.live up to one's expectations 不辜负某人的期望
204.at the expense of.....以……为代价
205.explain sth to sb./to sb.sth 向……解释
206.expose...to be exposed to...暴露于，接触到
207.face sth/be faced with sth面对
208.in fact/as a matter of fact 事实上
209.fade away 逐渐减弱，缓慢消失
210.fade out (影像声音)逐渐淡出。隐去
210.fail sth/to do sth/in sth 做……失败
211.fell ill/asleep 生病/入睡
212.sb be familiar with sth sth be familiar to sb 熟悉
213 find sb doing find sth done
214.find faults with sb.找某人的茬
215.in favor of 支持 do sb a favor 帮忙
216.a feast for the eyes 视觉盛宴
217.be back on one's feet 复原
218.be fed up with 厌烦
219.feed sb on sth /feed sth to sb 给……喂养 feed on 以...为食
220.feel like doing 想做
221.figure out 弄明白
222.be full of be filled with 充满着
223 find sb doing /find sth done
224.finish doing sth 完成做
225.set sth on fire set fire to sth 放火烧
226.be fit for 适合 fit in 相适应相融合
227.focus on 聚焦于
228.be fond of 喜欢
229.set foot in/on踏入，踏上 on foot步行
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起
230.play football 踢足球
231.forbid sb to do sth forbid doing sth 禁止
232.forget to do sth 忘记要做 forget doing 忘记做过
233.force sb to do 迫使某人做
234.in the form of 以……的形式
235.look forward to (doing) sth 期盼
236.set sb free 释放某人
free sb of /from sth 把某人从……中解脱出来/摆脱
237.make friends with sb 与……交朋友
be friendly to sb 对……友好
238.in frond of 在……前面
in the frond of 在……（内部）前面
239 in general 一般的，通常的
generally speaking 一般来说
240.get burnt /lost/hurt 被烧伤/失踪/受伤
get sb to do sth 让某人去做某事 get sth done 让……被做
241.from time to time 不时地from now on 从现在起
242.from then on 从那时起
242.have a gift for =be gifted in 有……天赋
243.get the hang of 熟悉 理解 掌握 get close to 接近
get on /along will with 与相处/进展
get away with 做某事逃脱惩罚
244.glance at 扫视一瞥glare at 怒视stare at 盯着，凝视
245 go home回家/go to school上学 /go shopping去购物/ go for a walk去散步 /go bad 变坏/ go through经历
246.be good for 对……有益be good to 对……友善
247.be good at 对……擅长
247.graduate form 从……毕业
248.be grateful to sb for sth 因……对某人感激
249.greet sb with sth 以……问候某人
250.under the guidance of sb在某人的指导下
with the help of sb 在某人的帮助下
251.grow up 长大 grown –ups 成年人
252.hand in 上交 hand in hand 手拉手
253.shake hands with sb 和……握手
253.have got to 不得不
254.have fun with 玩的开心
255.hear from sb 收到……来信 hear of/about 听说
256.hang on 不挂断，坚持住 hang up 挂断
a picture hanging on the wall 挂在墙上的画
257.sth happen to sb 某事发生在某人身上
sb happen to do sth 碰巧做某事……
it happened that 碰巧
258.Hardly had sb done...when sb did...一…就…
259.do harm to be harmful to 对……有害
260.have sth to do 有某事要做
have sth done 让某事被做、请人做、遭遇到
have sb do sth 让某人做 have sb doing 让某人一直做
261.head for 前往
262.lose heart 灰心气馁 lose one's heart to 爱上…
263.help sb (to) do sth help sb with sth
help sb out 帮助某人做
264.be of (great) help = be (very)helpful 有帮助
266.be home to 是……产地
267.hold one's breath屏住呼吸 hold a meeting 开会
268.out of breath 气喘吁吁
268.hunt for a job找工作hunt animals 猎杀动物
go hunting去打猎
269.hurry up 快点 in a hurry 匆匆忙忙地
270.imagine doing sth 想象做……
271.sth be of importance =sth be important 重要
272.in ruins一片废墟 in search of寻找的
in spite of尽管
in terms of就……而言
in memory of /in honor of 以纪念
in the flesh 本人亲自
in the meantime在此期间
in time及时 in vain徒劳
in advance 提前
in cash用现金
in debt负债
in disguise 伪装
in favor of 支持
in good condition 状况良好
in need of 需要
in particular 尤其，特别
in rags衣衫褴褛
273.impress sb with sth 以……给某人留下印象
make/leave a good impression on sb 给某人留下好印象
274.have an influence on sb 对...有影响
275.inform sb of sth 通知告知某人某事
keep sb informed of sth 让某人知晓某事
276.insist on doing sth 坚持做
277.instead of 而不是……代替
278.have/lose interest in 对……感/不感兴趣
279.join sb/a club加入某人/俱乐部 join in an activity 参加活动
280.introduce...to...把……介绍给
introduce...to/into...把…引入到
281.invite sb to a party邀请某人参加派对
invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做
282.judging by/from...从…来判断
283.play a joke/jokes on sb 开某人玩笑
284 the key to the door
the key to solving the problem
285.have a knowledge of...懂得 精通……
286.laugh at 嘲笑
burst into laughter= burst out laughing 突然大笑起来
287.learn from sb 向某人学习
288.tell a lie/lies to sb 说谎 lie to sb 向某人说lie in sth 存在于
289.be late for school 上学迟到
290.be likely to do sth 可能做
It's likely that有可能...
291.set a limit to sth限制
292.leave for 动身
leave the door open 让门开着
leave me alone 别管我
293.link A to B 把A接到B
294.sb lack sth 缺乏 be lacking in 缺乏
295.keep it up 继续干下去 keep (on) doing sth 继续…
keep one's word 守信 keep sb free from (of) sth让…免于
296.leave out 省去，不考虑
297.leave sb alone不理，不干涉某人
297.listen to 听...look at 看着
298.lose weight 减肥 lose one's way 迷路
lose one's job 失业
lose a game 输掉一场比赛
299.at a loss 茫然不知所措
300.a lot of =lots of 许多
301.look forward to 期待…
look down upon/on 轻视
302 light up 使发亮 放光彩
A smile lit up her face.她喜形于色
302.be made in China 中国造 make sb.do sth. 让…做…
make myself heard 让自己被听见 make sth into sth. 把…做成…
be made of … 由…做成（看得出原材料）
be made from… 由…做成（看不出原材料）
303.a friend of mine 我的一个朋友
304.make up for 弥补 make a bet 打赌
make fun of 取笑 make one’s way to …前往 …
make sense 有道理/意义 make no sense 没有道理/没有意义
make sense of … 理解…明白…
make out 看,听清，明白，弄清楚
305.marry sb. 和…结婚
get/be married to sb 和...结婚
marry sb.to sb.把…嫁给…
306.manage to do sth.成功做成了….
307.by means of.以…方式
区分： in this way / with the method
308.take the lift 乘电梯 give sb.a lift 给…搭便车
309.mean to do sth.打算做… mean doing 意味着做…
310.many a student 许多学生（做主语谓语单数） many students 许多学生（谓语复数）
a good/great many students 许多学生
311.take measures to do 采取措施
312.meet ab.遇见某人，接某人
meet with sb.与…会晤
meet with sth.遭遇，经历…
313.in the middle of 在…中间
314.in a mess 乱糟糟
315.get the message 领悟，理解
316.Her eyes/face lit up.喜形于色。
light up a cigarette 点燃烟
a lighted candle 点燃的蜡烛
317.mind doing 介意做
318.miss doing 错过
319.at the mercy of 任凭… 摆布
320.mistake A for B 把A错当B take sth.by mistake 错拿了某东西
321.mix A with B 把A与B混合 mix up sth. 弄乱
322.the moment 一…就…
323.sb.need sth./to do sth. 某人需要…
sth.need doing/to be done 某事需要做
There’s no need to do sth.没必要做…
324.now that 既然
325.now and then 不时地
326.no longer=not …any longer 不再
327.have a nose for sth.对…敏感，善于发现…
328.at noon 在中午
329.a large number of 许多 the number of …的数量
330.be occupied with sth. 忙于…
be occupied in doing sth.忙于…
331.It occurred to sb.that 某人突然想到
332.object to 反对=be opposed to
333.offer sb.sth.=offer sth.to sb.给…提供…
334.offer money for the car出价买车
335.out of breath 上气不接下气
out of work 失业 out of date 过时
out of control 失控 out of repair 失修
out of (one’s)reach 够不着 out of touch 失去联系
336.operate on sb.给…做手术
337.in one’s opinion 在…看来
338.order sb.to do sth.命令
order a glass of beer点了一杯啤酒
in order that… 为了… in order to 为了做…
order goods online 网上订购货物
place an order 下订单
339.ought to do 应该=should do
ought to have done=should have done 本应该
340.on one’s own =by oneself 靠自己，独自地
341.on sth/on doing sth.一…就…
342.owe sb.sth.欠…,把…归功于… owe sth.to sb.
343.pack up 打包（行李）
344.a pair of shoes 一双鞋
345.play a part in 在…起作用，扮演角色=play a role in在…起作用，扮演角色
take part in … =participate in …=join in参加…
346.pass away 去世 pass out 昏迷
pass sth.on to sb.传递 pass by 路过
347.be particular about 对… 挑剔
in particular 特别地
348.permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做…
permit doing 允许做…
ask for permission 请求允许
349.persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做…
350.play the piano 弹钢琴 play football踢足球
351.pick up 拾起，偶然学会，恢复好转， 染上（疾病），开车接载 pick out 挑选出
352.take place 发生
take one’s place 代替=take the place of sb.
in place 在对的位置，适当，准备就绪
out of place不在对的位置，不恰当
353.plan to do 计划做
354.plenty of 许多
355.point out 指出point to 指向 point at 指着
356.be popular with sb.受…欢迎
e to power当权上台
358.practice doing 练习做…
359.prefer doing to doing 宁愿…而不愿…
prefer to do rather than do
=would rather do than do =would do …rather than do…
360.make preparations for 为… 作准备
prepare sth.准备某事 be prepared for 作好了…准备
361.present sb.with sth.赠与… =present sth.to sb.
be present at a meeting 出席会议 at present 目前，现在
362.pretend to do sth.假装
363.take pride in =be proud of 为… 骄傲
364.make great progress取得很大进步
365.protect sb.From sth.保护…免受…
366.in prison 坐牢
367.promise to do sth.许诺做…
368.provide sb.with sth.给… 提供…
provide sth.for sb.
supply sb with sth /supply sth to sb
offer sb sth/offer sth to sb
369.in public 公开地
370.put forward 提出
371.a large quantity of 大量的 +可数、不可数
372.be of good quality 质量好
373.quarrel with sb.about sth.就… 与… 争吵
374.queue up for the ticket排队买票
375.quit smoking 戒烟
R
376.do sth.at random 随意做，任意
377.range from …to…从…到…不等
378.be ready for 准备着… be ready to do 乐于做…
379.the reason for sth.…的理由，原因
380.recommend sth.to sb.向…推荐…
recommend doing sth.建议做…
recommend sb to do 建议某人做
within one’s reach 够得着
beyond/out of one’s reach 够不着
380.react to 对……作出反应
381.in reality 实际上
382.refer to 参考，查阅，提及，指的是
383.reflect on sth 思考，反思
384.regardless of 不管不顾
385.regret to do遗憾地要做
regret doing后悔做过
to one’s regret令某人遗憾的是
386.to one’s relief 令人欣慰的是
in relief 如释重负地
feel relieved 感到轻松
387.rely on 依靠
388.recover from 从……恢复
389.remember to do 记得要做 remember doing 记得做过
390.remind sb of sth 让…想起remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做
391.regard sb as… 认为…是=consider…as=look on…as=think of…as
With best regards 致以诚挚的问候
392.reply to……回答
393.Show respect for sb 尊敬某人
394.respond to 对……做出反应in response to 以回应
395.reflect on 反思
396.refuse to do sth 拒绝做
397.require sb to do sth 要求某人做
398.result in 导致 result from 由于……引起
as a result 结果 as a result of 由于，因为
399.reward sb with sth 以……回报某人，酬谢
400.return to Beijing 回到北京 return home 回家
401.return to Beijing 回到北京 return home 回家
402.be rich in 富有……富于……
403get rid of 除掉 rid sb of sth 让……摆脱，去除……
404risk doing sth 冒险做
405 rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物
406.recommend sth to do 向……推荐
recommend sb to do 建议某人做
recommend doing sth 建议做
407.in ruins 一片废墟
408.put one’s hands on 找到……
409.make room for 为……让出空间
410.Sth run out 用完耗尽 Sb run out of sth
411.on sale 折价出售 for sale 待售
412.be satisfied with 对……满意
413.as the saying goes，……正如谚语所说
414.be scared of 害怕 be scared to do sth 害怕做某事
be scared to death 怕的要死
415.the same as 与...相同
416.on the scene 在现场
417.be sceptical of 对……怀疑
418.seat oneself 就坐be seated 坐着be sitting 坐着
419.on schedule 准时ahead of schedule 提前
420.behind schedule 落后
421.see sb do 看见某人做了（全过程）
See sb doing 看见某人正在做
See sth done 看见某事被做
422.score a goal 射门得分 scores of 许多……
423.sb seen to do sth 似乎…… It seems that
424.be second to 次于……
425.sell out 卖光
The books sell well 书畅销
426.send for a doctor 去请医生
427.be senior to…… 比……年长，高级
428.Sth make sense 有意义，有道理
Sb make sense of sth 理解
There is no sense in doing sth 做某事没意义
429.be sensitive to 对……敏感
430.See sb off 送行
431.Serve the people 为人民服务 Serve as 充当，作为
432.be set in 以……为背景
433.Settle down 安顿，定居下来
434.Share sth with sb 与……分享
435.catch sight of 看见
436.at the sight of 看见
437.at first sight 乍一看
438.be short of 短缺……
439.show sb around 带领……参观 show up 出现show off 炫耀
440.be similar to 与……相似
441.Sb have done……since sb did 自从
It is/has been……since sb did
442.be situated in 位于=be located in
443.smile at sb/sth 笑对……
444.Sit around 闲坐
445.So/as long as 只要
446.Sort out 分类，整理
447.Speed up 加速 at a/the speed of…… 以……速度
448.spend time/money on sth/in doing sth 花钱，时间做某事
449.Spot sb doing sth 发现，看到……正在做……
450.Stand out 突出，醒目
451.Spy on 监视
452.Squeeze out 榨出
453.Star in a film 主演
454.Stare at 盯着
455.Stay up 熬夜
456.Stick to 坚持 be stuck in 被困 stick out 伸出探出
457.Subscribe to……同意，订阅
458.Stand still 不动
459.Stop to do 停下来去做某事Stop doing 停止做……
460.be strict with sb 对……严格 be strict about sth
461.be on strike 在罢工 An idea struck me 突然有了主意
It struck sb that……某人突然想到……
462.submit……to……提交
463.Succeed in doing 成功，做成了
464.Such as 例如
465.Such a clever boy=so clever a boy如此聪明的孩子
Such clever boys Such fine weather如此好的天气
466.suffer from 遭受……
467.Suggest doing 建议做……
suggest that sb (should)do
468.sweep up 横扫
469.substitute A for B/ B with A 用A代B
470.be suitable for 适合……
471.Supply sb with sth/sth to sb 提供
472.be supposed to do 应该……
473.be sure of/about…… 确信……
474.to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是
475.be surrounded with 被……围绕
476.suspect sb of sth 怀疑
477.switch on/off 打开，关掉 switch to……变换到……
478.have a talent for 有……天赋=be talented in
479.team up with…… 与……合作
480.tell A from B 区分A与B
481.try out 测试，试验
482.thanks to 多亏了……
483.in terms of 就……而言
484.think of 想起
485.tie A to B 把A栓/系到B 上
486.be tired of 厌烦
487.too……to…… 太……而不能
488. at the top of 在……顶部
489.in total 总共
490.keep/get in touch with 保持/取得联系
491.lose touch with失去联系
492.be trapped in…… 被困
493.translate……into…… 把……翻译成……
494.treat sb to sth 请某人吃…… treat sb for sth 治疗某人...病
treat sb as 把……当作……
495.on the tree （结，长）在树上 in the tree 在树上
496.Play tricks/a trick on 开……玩笑
497.turn teacher=become a teacher变成老师
498.try to do 努力做 try doing 试着做
499.turn one’s back to 背对……
500.not……until……　直到……才……高考英语--2023高考热点话题语法填空
2023高考热点话题语法填空
Private Education in China: Trends and Challenge
Private education 1._________(gain) significant popularity in China over the past few decades, 2._________(drive) by the growing demand for quality education and increasing disposable incomes of Chinese families.
3.__________, the private education sector in China faces several challenges, 4.___________(include)regulatory restrictions, intense competition, and rising costs. The Chinese government has imposed 5._________ (strict) regulations on private schools than before. The government also limits their ability to charge high tuition fees, 6.________ limits their revenue and ability to invest in facilities and resources.
Moreover, competition 7.__________ private schools has become increasingly fierce. This has led to price wars, with schools offering steep discounts 8._________ (attract) students.
Finally, the rising costs of operating private schools have put pressure on school 9.__________ (own) to find new sources of revenue. Some schools have to turn to othernon-education sectors such as real estate or 10.____________ (entertain).
As the Chinese economy continues to grow and more families gain disposable income, the private education sector is likely to continue to expand.
Tomb-Sweeping Day: A Time to Honor Ancestors in China
Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known 1.__________Qingming Festival, is a traditional Chinese holiday that falls 2.__________ April 4th or 5th each year. It is a time when families gather together to pay respects to their ancestors, by cleaning their tombs, 3.___________ (offer) food, burning incense, and performing other rituals.
The holiday has a long history, 4._________ (date) back to the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD). Tomb-Sweeping Day is now a public holiday in China, and many people take time off from work 5.__________ (visit) their ancestral graves.
During the holiday, families will 6.___________ (typical) bring offerings such as fruit, flowers, and other food items to the gravesite. They will also burn incense and paper money, and may perform a variety of 7.___________ (ceremony).
In recent years, Tomb-Sweeping Day 8._________(become) a more commercialized holiday, with many companies offering products and services 9._________ (relate) to tomb-sweeping, such as online tomb-sweeping platforms, and other products.
Despite these changes, Tomb-Sweeping Day remains an important 10.__________ (culture) holiday in China, and a time for families to come together to remember and honor their ancestors.
Understanding Developing Psychology: How Children Grow and Change
Developing psychology is the study of how a child1._________ (grow) over time, from infancy to adulthood. This field of psychology explores the changes 2._________ occur as a child develops and matures.
One of the most significant 3.__________ (area) of study in developing psychology is cognitive development, 4.________ focuses on how children learn, think, and process information. Researchers have identified various stages of cognitive development, 5.____________ (include) the sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years), the preoperational stage (2-7 years), the concrete operational stage (7-11 years), and the formal operational stage (11 years and up).
Another important area of developing psychology is social and 6.____________ (emotion) development. Researchers have identified key milestones of children’s development and have divided them 7._________ four steps too.
Finally, physical development is also an essential aspect of developing psychology. This includes not only physical changes in height, 8._________ (weigh), and motor skills, but also the development of the brain and nervous system.
Understanding developing psychology is critical for parents, 9._________ (educate), and caregivers who work with children. It also provides valuable insights for researchers and policymakers who are interested in 10.___________ (promote) healthy development.











答案原文：
Private Education in China: Trends and Challenge
Private education has gained significant popularity in China over the past few decades, driven by the growing demand for quality education and increasing disposable incomes of Chinese families.
However, the private education sector in China faces several challenges, including regulatory restrictions, intense competition, and rising costs. The Chinese government has imposed stricter regulations on private schools than before. The government also limits their ability to charge high tuition fees, which limits their revenue and ability to invest in facilities and resources.
Moreover, competition among private schools has become increasingly fierce. This has led to price wars, with schools offering steep discounts to attract students.
Finally, the rising costs of operating private schools have put pressure on school owners to find new sources of revenue. Some schools have to turn to other non-education sectors such as real estate or entertainment.
As the Chinese economy continues to grow and more families gain disposable income, the private education sector is likely to continue to expand.
Tomb-Sweeping Day: A Time to Honor Ancestors in China
Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as Qingming Festival, is a traditional Chinese holiday that falls on April 4th or 5th each year. It is a time when families gather togetherto pay respects to their ancestors, by cleaning their tombs, offering food, burning incense, and performing other rituals.
The holiday has a long history, dating back to the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD). Tomb-Sweeping Day is now a public holiday in China, and many people take time off from work to visit their ancestral graves.
During the holiday, families will typically bring offerings such as fruit, flowers, and other food items to the gravesite. They will also burn incense and paper money, and may perform a variety of ceremonies.
In recent years, Tomb-Sweeping Day has become a more commercialized holiday, with many companies offering products and services related to tomb-sweeping, such asonline tomb-sweeping platforms, and other products.
Despite these changes, Tomb-Sweeping Day remains an important cultural holiday in China, and a time for families to come together to remember and honor their ancestors.
Understanding Developing Psychology: How Children Grow and Change
Developing psychology is the study of how a child growsover time, from infancy to adulthood. This field of psychology explores the changes that/which occur as a child develops and matures.
One of the most significant areas of study in developing psychology is cognitive development, which focuses on how children learn, think, and process information. Researchers have identified various stages of cognitive development, including the sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years), the preoperational stage (2-7 years), the concrete operational stage (7-11 years), and the formal operational stage (11 years and up).
Another important area of developing psychology is social and emotional development. Researchers have identified key milestones of children’s development and have divided them into four steps too.
Finally, physical development is also an essential aspect of developing psychology. This includes not only physical changes in height, weight, and motor skills, but also the development of the brain and nervous system.
Understanding developing psychology is critical for parents, educators, and caregivers who work with children. It also provides valuable insights for researchers and policymakers who are interested in promoting healthy development.

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