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(共17张PPT)
语篇填空解题指导1
--虚词
Step1. 学习目标:
1)To know some testing point about grammatical filling.
2)To learn some rules about how to solve the grammatical filling.
3)To consolidate the knowledge through exercises.
1)篇章设空特点:
近三年基本都是7空实词,3空虚词
2)虚词设空特点:
Step2. 考点解读:
代词 连词 介词 冠词 副词
2019(1) 1 1 1
2019(2) 2 1
2019(3) 1 1 1
2018(1) 1 1 1
2018(2) 1 1 1
2018(3) 1 1 1 1
2017(1) 1 1 1
2017(2) 1 1 1
2017(3) 1 1 1
1.代词（不定代词，指示代词，it的用法，人称代词的主格和宾格，反身代词，名词性物主代词等）
思路点拨:分析句子结构，缺主语则填代词主格，不定代词或it，缺宾语则填宾格,不定代词或it;如果该宾语与主语是同一人或物，应用反身代词。
1)Jonny: Keep holding your position for a while .It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let stay in the air for seconds.
2)Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said _______ was a wonderful holiday destination.
it
it
Step3.专题整合&Step4.考题讲练
3)For another, the note lists all the information in one place. It is easy to read again and again. People often forget all the details that ______ hear in a telephone call.
4)With doubts running through my mind, I felt____
necessary to carry out a research.
5)I asked Tom and Mike to come to my birthday party, but ______ appeared.
6)The bakers intend to buy a house but ______ must be within their power.
they
it
neither
it
【请牢记it的常用固定句型：】
1)It is/was+被强调成分+that+其他
2)It+ be + adj. +of/for sb. to do sth.
3)It is no good/no use/useless/a waste of time doing sth.
4)It is a pity/a fact/no wonder/ adj. +that. . .
5)It seems/appears/turned out/occurred to sb. +that. . .
6)It is said/reported/believed. . . +that. . .
7)It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.
8)主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/make/keep. . . +it+补语+to do sth. /that. . .
9)主语+like/hate/love/appreciate. . . +it+从句
2.冠词，形容词性物主代词或作定语用的不定代词。
若设空后为名词，设空处为名词的定语，有无提示词，则应填冠词（a/an/the）或形容词性物主代词(my, your...)或可作定语用的不定代词(other，another，either，both等)
1)Now, years later, this river is one of____
most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
2)She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on _____ top floor.
3)To say it is one thing, but to do it is _______ thing.
4)Cultural shock is a feeling which most travelers experience in a foreign country where they find the culture is quite different from that of _____ own.
5)Guess what Tom has failed in the exam _____ second time.
the
the
another
their
a
1)Jonny: It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this.
Peter: OK. Don't laugh me. I may look funny.
2)I didn’t understand how this would happen and my credit card had already been charged______ the reservation.
3)The only reason a man would sell salt ____ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.
4)I got a place next ______ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk.
5)The imaginary character does not only appeal ______ females.
at
for
at
3.介词(固定搭配)
to
to
思路点拨:当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时, 其前面一般是填介词。通常考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的搭配。
Fathers Day occurs 1_____ the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day 2 _____ children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman 3 _____ the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought 4____ the idea for Father’s Day while listening to a Mother’s Day sermon(训诫) 5_____ 1909. Having been raised 6 _____ her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was 7______ her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, 8______ the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonora’s father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father’s Day celebration in Spokane, Washington 9 ____the 19th of June, 1910. In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June
10 ____ Father’s Day. Roses are the Father’s Day flowers.
for
by
of
in
on
by
to
in
on
as
【易混点总结】
在有些词组中,介词常被用错,如:
with the help of under the leadership of
the article in the newspaper
a hole in the wall a bird in the tree
apples on the tree tickets for the concert
in the direction of 朝着……的方向
from the direction of 从……的方向
set an example to sb.
下列词组中,to是介词,不是不定式符号:
belong to属于 date back to追溯到
look forward to盼望;期望 be addicted to沉溺于
be accustomed to习惯于 stick to坚持
be/ get used to doing… 习惯于做…
pay attention to注意
be devoted to….致力于…
attach importance to.认为……很重要
4. 特殊句式(强调句型，倒装句型，there be句型，感叹句型，“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”，“not only…but also…”句型，“neither…nor…” 句型，”either…or…”句型)
1)So Nick called to his son,” Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much ______ too little.”
nor
2)This made the goat so jealous _____it began plotting against the donkey.
that
牢记常见平行结构短语及固定句型:
多久之后才…… _____________________
不是…而是… _____________________
要么…要么… _____________________
既不…也不… _____________________
不仅…而且… _____________________
宁愿……不愿……__________________
既……也…… ___________________
而不 ___________________
自从…以来有多长时间了
___________________
It will be＋一段时间＋before...
not…but…,
either…or…,
neither…nor
not only…but also…,
would rather…than…
as well as
rather than
It is/has been+时间段+since从句
1.(全国卷Ⅰ)But the river wasn't changed in a few days ________ even a few months.
2.(全国卷II) There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _____ some of them looked very anxious and disappointed.
3.(新课标全国卷) You have to move out of the way ____ the truck cannot get past you.
or
or
并列短语
and
并列句子
并列句子
5.并列连词:
并列连词and, or;转折连词but； 因果连词so等
思路点拨
4.(全国I) I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _____________ are pictured by artists…
5.(全国I) Police have found_____ appears to be the lost statue.
6.(全国I) There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery _____ another man, also intelligent, fails.
which/that
while
what
定语从句
宾语从句
状语从句
思路点拨:若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有
句号或分号，就必须要有连词来连接两个句子。根据两
个或几个句子之间的逻辑关系，或者句式结构，确定是
并列句（多数填and, but, while, or)还是复合句。根据主
句与从句的特点，弄清从句在整个句子中作何种成分，
确定从句类型选择适当的从属连词。
5.从属连词(包括定语从句，名词性从句，状语从句的连词)
1.(安徽)_____________________ scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don’t know.
2.(北京)He is a shy man,_____ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
3.(北京)Some animals carry seeds from one place to another,_____ plants can spread to new places.
4.(山东) It is difficult for us to imagine ____ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
5.(天津）Give me a chance,____ I'll give you a wonderful surprise.
Though/Although/While
but
so
what
and
6. (卷II) As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _____ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
7.(重庆)If you miss this chance, it may be years ____ you get another one.
9.(北京)I truly believe_____ beauty comes from within.
10.(重庆）We must find out_______ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.
11. American high schools usually have a dress code, _________ is about the requirements for students' dressing.
12. Children often form bad habits, some of _________ remain with them as long as they live.
13. When the little monk reached the lake, a cart drawn by an ox started crossing the lake, _______ made the water very muddy.
how
before
it may be+时间段+before...
that
whether
which
which
which
纯
空
格
填
空 1）缺主语或宾语，考虑填pron.
2)名词前面没有词，考虑填限定词（冠词，形容词性物主代词，不定代词，指示代词）
3）名词或代词前面，考虑填介词，同时考虑动宾搭配或介宾搭配
4）句子前面有空格且用逗号隔开，考虑表示逻辑关系的副词
5）若两个单词，短语或句子（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，填连词
Step5. 课堂小结:
Step6. 当堂检测:
(2019揭阳模拟)Artist Song Peilun is known 61 “The Father of Yelang Valley” after spending the last two decades turning a village into an artistic village.
Yelang was an ancient political centre first 62 (describe) in the 3rd century BC, and it was centered in 63 is now western Guizhou Province, China. Experts believe that many ancient 64 (culture) were rooted here, 65 there are unfortunately no buildings left standing in the great valley. Inspired by Crazy Horse, a mountain monument in the US slate, Chinese artist Song Peilun devoted his life to building a memorial to the artistic culture of Yelang Valley.
It was in 1996 66 Song quit his job as a professor and purchased a 200,000 square meter plot of land in a mountainous forest area. Then he began to follow his dream.
When he first arrived in the area, most of the locals 67 (mine) in the mountain and selling the stones to make ends meet，but he convinced many of them to help him instead.
So far, Song Peilun and the villagers 68 (turn) the forest land that he bought into an artistic village full of stone sculptures, 69 were inspired by Chinese Nuo culture. It is now a 70 (relative) popular tourist attraction.
as
described
what
cultures
but
that
were mining
have turned
which
relatively

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