资源简介

(共33张PPT)
Millions of tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every year, so it is only natural that the sites suffer a bit of wear and tear.
思考：that引导什么从句？或者这是什么特殊句式？
that引导主语从句，it为形式主语。
If your heart breaks like mine at the thought of our irreplaceable heritage being lost forever, please take action.
思考：黄色部分做什么成分？其内部结构怎么分析？
黄色部分是介词of后的宾语。
动名词的复合结构 our irreplaceable heritage 是动名词being lost forever的逻辑主语。
【动名词复合结构】归根结底是表示一个名词化的动作/行为
【名词 + 现在分词短语作后置定语结构】中心词仍是该名词
独立主格结构：①逻辑主语+名动形介副 ②作状语
Weather permitting, we will have the match tomorrow.
Class over, the students soon left the classroom.
动名词的复合结构：①逻辑主语+动名词 ②_______________
Tom insisted on my reading the letter.
Do you mind my making a suggestion
Her coming to help encouraged all of us.
Carpooling involves two to five commuters sharing a vehicle.
作主语/宾语
动名词的复合结构：①逻辑主语+动名词 ②作主语/宾语
动名词复合结构中逻辑主语的形式非常复杂：
①作主语，逻辑主语加’s；作宾语，加不加’s都可以
但:
②逻辑主语没有生命，不加’s
③逻辑主语是不定代词（someone, anyone…）,不加’s
④逻辑主语较长，不加’s
Tom’s refusing upset me.
Do you mind my/me making a suggestion
There’s no necessity for this type of houses being built.
He was awakened by someone knocking on the door.
Thousands of tourists climbing up the narrow stone steps are wearing down these ancient buildings
Every day, thousands of tourists climbing up the narrow stone steps are wearing down these ancient buildings…
思考：黄色部分做什么成分？其内部结构怎么分析？
黄色部分是主语。
定语修饰名词：主语thousands of tourists 被后置定语climbing up the narrow stone steps 修饰
如果是动名词复合结构的话谓语动词不会用are，而是is
The city has been recognized as the musical capital of Europe since the 16th century, home to the likes of Mozart and Beethoven.
思考：黄色部分做什么成分？画线部分为什么词性？什么意思
黄色部分作名词the city的同位语。
be home to：home是名词，不可数
维也纳就以欧洲“音乐之都”闻名，莫扎特、贝多芬这一类的音乐家居住于此。
1. awe L2
两种词性：①n. 敬畏，惊叹
② v. 使惊叹，使敬畏
2. 词形变换：形容词awesome
写作金句：
My first view of the pyramids filled me with awe.
My brother was much older and cleverer than me so I always held him in awe.
sb be awed by sth: I am still awed by David's courage.
The passage is awesome since it’s so true to life.
我始终对他怀有敬畏之心
贴近生活
2. civilization L3
词形变换：形容词 civil 国民的；民间的
名词 civilian 平民
动词 civilize （使）文明、开化
civil war:
civil servant:
公务员
fighting etc between different groups of people living in the same country
3. preserve L4
词义：=maintain
2. 词形变换：名词 preservation
If you preserve a situation or condition, you make sure that it remains as it is, and does not change or end.
preserve one's eyesight
preserve the peace
Salt and spices help to preserve meat.
preserve her sense of humour
4. urgent L7
词形变换：名词 urgency
5. wear down L11
1. 两种词义：①become gradually smaller, thinner… 使磨损
② weaken sb/sth by constant attack… 使…衰弱
2. wear的变形
The long-term natural forces can gradually wear down heritage sites.
Her heels always wear down on the outside first.
It was clear he was being worn down by the rumours over his future.
wear-wore-worn
补充：wear 作动词/名词皆可 用损；用坏
6. ruin L17
两种词性/词义：①vt. 破坏 ② n. 毁坏；断壁残垣
The storm ruined the crops.
7. assess P47第3段第1行
1. 辨析：access VS assess
2. 词义: 使…衰弱
3. 词形变换：assessment
8. collapse P47 第5空上
两种词义：①倒塌 ② 暴跌 ③ 垮掉
the collapse of share prices
His health collapsed under the pressure of work.
9. fascinate / f s ne t/ L2
词义：使（某人）着迷或极感兴趣 → sb is fascinated by…
词形变换：名词 fascination 形容词fascinating fascinated
The children were fascinated by the toys in the shop window.
We are all fascinated by new technology.
That sounds absolutely fascinating.
Madagascar is the most fascinating place I have ever been to.
India will always hold a great fascination for me.
tear a sheet of paper in two
He burst into tears.
10. wear and tear L26
tear的发音：名词/ t (r)/ 动词/te (r)/
We had an incredible holiday!
It's incredible how much Tom has changed since he met Sally.
11. incredible L16
词义：①unbelievable ②amazing
同义词：
12. irreparable / rep r b l/ L30
构词法：repair→reparable→irreparable
13. ir/replace/able / rep r b l/ L52
构词法：replace→replaceable→irreplaceable
14. internal L30
1. 词义：
2. 反义词：
15. disastrous L38
1. 词形变换：形容词、名词、副词
16. agenda
当务之急
incredible
wore down
internal
urgent
ruined
at the thought of
civilization
agenda
Homework checking | P47 B1
Homework checking | P47 B2
Find the words and phrases in the lecture transcript and think of more on your own.
Words and phrases related to damage:
destruction, ruin, damage, destroy,
wear and tear, harm...
Words and phrases related to protection:
protection, protect, preservation...
P47 B3
Texts that flow smoothly are more elegant and also easier to understand. We can connect the ideas of two paragraphs with a transitional sentence—a sentence that serves as a bridge between the two paragraphs.
Let’s look at some specific issues. (End of para. 1)
Another big danger is human activities. (Beginning of para. 3)
Meanwhile, World Heritage status may give rise to a series of
problems. (Beginning of para. 4)
Such dangers can have disastrous outcomes not only for the
sites themselves, but also for people. (Beginning of para. 6)

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