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(共13张PPT)
宾语从句
Catalog
宾语从句的含义
宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的时态
宾语从句的特殊用法
宾语从句的连接词
.
一.宾语从句的含义
在整个句子中作宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。
She knew that the teacher had seen the film.她知道这位老师看过这部电影
“that the teacher had seen the film”作knew的宾语，所以叫作宾语从句
观察并标记并标记宾语从句
Did you know that the silk Road was neither an actual road nor a single route
Strong evidence suggests that Greece was introduced to silk products from China in the 6th century BC.
Could you tell me where the Silk Road exhibition is
I wonder whether there’s any volunteer guides for the exhibition or not
二.宾语从句的连接词
1.that引导的宾语从句
(1)that主要用来引导陈述句型的宾语从句，无词义，在从句中不作任何成分，口语一般可以省略
Do you think （that）my mother would permit this？你认为我母亲会允许此事吗？
He said （that）he wanted to stay at home. 她说她想待在家里。
（2）当think，believe，suppose，guess，expect，imagine，fancy，assume等表示”认为， 猜测”等意义，这些动词后跟的that从句是否定句且主句的主语是第一人称时，从句的否定句转移到主句上。
I don’t think(that) you are right. 我认为你不对。
（3）当主句中的谓语动词表示“提议，建议，命令，要求”等意义时，that引导的宾语从句
的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，其形式为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
she proposed that book（should）be rewritten.她的提议书需重新书写
二.宾语从句的连接词
2.whether/if引导的宾语从句
一般疑问句或选择疑问句做宾语时，由whether,if引导，表示“是否”，从句用陈述句语序，一般情况下可以互换.
I don’t know whether/if they will come to help us.我不知道他们是否来帮助我们。
只用wheather的情况 例句
与不定式to do连用时 He can’t decide whether to stay.他不能决定是否留下.
与or not连用时 I can’t say whether or not he will be come on time.
他能否准时来，我说不准。
在介词后引导宾语从句时 It depends on whether he is ready.这件事要看她是否有准备
在动词discuss，wonder后的宾语从句中 We discussed whether we should make a change in our plan.
宾语从句置于句首时 whether they will join in the Winter Camp I don’t care
我不在乎他们能否参加冬令营。
二.宾语从句的连接词
3.wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句
(1)连接代词(在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语)
①what(什么)，whatever(无论什么)
The wise man does not tell what he does, but never does what can't be told
智者不告知自己的所作所为,却从不做不可告人之事。
（第一个 what 在从句中作宾语,第二个 what 作主语)
I say whatever comes to my mind. 我想到什么说什么。(whatever 在从句中作主语）
②which(哪个)，whichever(任何一个)
I don't know which he likes best. 我不知道他最喜欢哪一个。(which 在从句中作宾语)
whichever seat you like. 你坐哪一个位子都行。(whichever 在从句中作定语)
二.宾语从句的连接词
③who(谁)，whom(谁)，whose(谁的)，whoever(无论谁)，whomever(无论谁)
I wonder who/whom he is talking to.
我不知道他在和谁谈话。 (who/whom 在从句中作宾语)
Do you know whose book it is
你知道这是谁的书吗 (whose 在从句中作定语)
She can marry whoever/whomever she likes.
她可以和她喜欢的人结婚。(whoever/whomever在从句中充当宾语)
二.宾语从句的连接词
(2)连接副词(在从句中充当状语)
①when（什么时候）I don't know when she is planning to go，我不知道她打算什么时候走。(when 在从句中作时间状语)②where(哪里)The first thing is to find out where she is.首要之事是找到她在喂儿。(where 在从句中作地点状语)
③why(为什么)Iwonder why this machine didn't work.我不知道这台机器为什么不运转，(why 在从句中作原因状语)
④how(如何)Idon't know how they can get it done in such a short time.我不知道他们怎么能在如此短的时间内做完这件事。(how 在从句中作方式状语)、
三、宾语从句的语序
即“主语+谓语+其他”,如:他问她是不是学生。
He asks if is she a student. (x)(疑问语序)
He asks if she is a student. (√)(陈述语序)
Does he work hard I wonder.→I wonder if/whether he works hard.我不知道他工作是否努力。
When did he leave I don't know. → I don't know when he left.我不知道他什么时候离开的。
注意:
当从句的原句为 What's wrong What's the matter What's happening 且 what作主语时,语序不变。
What's the matter → I don't know what's the matter. 我不知道是怎么回事。
Who is over there →Can you tell me who is over there 你能告诉我谁在那边吗 宾语从句的
四.宾语从句的时态
1.宾语从句中主句是过去时态,宾语从句必须是相对应的过去时态。
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was. 她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。
He said that he could finish his work before supper. 他说他会在晚饭前完成工作
2.当表示客观事实或普遍真理的句子做宾语从句时,任何时候都用一般现在时。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 老师说过地球绕着太阳转。
3.当主句是现在时态时,宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态。
I don't know when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。
五、宾语从句的特殊用法
1.在某些情况下,主句+疑问词引导的宾语从句=主句+疑问词+to do+其他。
Can you tell me how I use the machine =Can you tell me how to use the machin..你能告诉我怎样使用这台机器吗
2.当主句的谓语动词是表示建议、主张、要求的词(如 suggest、demand、order、inn等)时,宾语从句中的谓语动词通常由“should+动词原形”构成,且 should 可以省略.
I insist that you (should) learn a second language.我坚持认为你应该学第二门语 The teacher suggests that you (should) practice more. 老师建议你多练习。
3.当主句的动词为 find和think时,常用it作形式宾语,用形容词或名词作宾语补语,而将宾语从句(即真正的宾语)放到宾语补足语的后面。宾语从句部分可以用“(for sb) to do+其他”来代替.
I find it necessary that we should ask his advice.＝I find it necessary for us to ask his advice. 我发现我们很有必要询问他的建议，
They think it possible that you master two foreign languages.＝They think it possible for you to master two foreign languages. 他们认为你掌握两门语言是有可能的。
练习
1. What a nice paper plane! Can you show us______ you make it
A. who B. what C.how D. whether
2.We'll plant trees tomorrow, but we don't know ____Jack will come to join us.
A. whether B. which C. what D.where
3.Do you know ______the population of Shanghai ____
A. what; is B. how much; is C.what's;/ D. how many; is
4.He looks worried. I wonder____he has already known about the result.
A. where B. if C.why D. when
5.-Do you know______ the meeting room early yesterday
- She had a headache.
A. why Ann left B. why did Ann leave
C.why Ann leaves D. why does Ann leave
Thank
you

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